Heating device for heating preforms for a blow molding machine

Abstract

A heating device (40) for heating preforms (3) for a blow molding machine (50) is provided. The heating device (40) has a microwave generator (400) for generating the microwave (46), and a stationary applicator (41) for applying microwave radiation (46) to the plastic preforms (3), wherein the preforms (3) can be moved sequentially through the applicator (41), and wherein the microwave generator (400) and the applicator (41) are arranged on a common platform (40C).

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a heating device for heating preforms for a blow molding machine.

[0002] Plastic preforms are used to manufacture plastic containers using a container processing system that includes a heating device and, for example, a blow molding machine. The plastic containers are typically bottles or cans. The preforms are heated by the heating device to a temperature at which they become plastically deformable. The heated preforms are then blown into a mold to form the desired finished container by injecting a gaseous medium. In stretch blow molding machines, the containers are also stretched using a stretching bar. The preforms used usually have a circular cross-section. However, plastic containers with non-circular cross-sections are also known, particularly oval cross-sections or any other non-circular cross-section.

[0003] To heat the preforms to the predetermined temperature or temperature profile, they can be conveyed along heating modules with radiant heaters within the heating device. In such a linear oven, the preforms are held at their end by a spindle that is rotatably mounted in a chain link. Several chain links, with their spindles mounted within them, are interconnected. This forms an endlessly circulating chain and thus a conveying path. In this way, the preforms are heated uniformly across their entire circumference.

[0004] As is known, heating modules with infrared heaters can be used. Several heating modules must be arranged in series to gradually heat the preforms to the predetermined temperature or temperature profile. Therefore, a heating device with such heaters requires a very large amount of space.

[0005] One problem is that the amount of space required to set up production equipment is generally roughly proportional to the cost of the production equipment and thus the heating system. Therefore, efforts are being made to reduce the space required for the heating system.

[0006] Another problem is that such a heating device with infrared emitters requires approximately 10 seconds for the respective preform to reach the predetermined temperature or temperature profile. This is because the emitters only radiate heat onto the surface of the preforms. To prevent the preforms from overheating, a cooling system must also be provided and its temperature regulated. Overall, such a heating device therefore has a comparatively high energy consumption, particularly electrical energy consumption.

[0007] Therefore, in recent years heating devices that heat the preforms with microwaves have been considered. When heating with microwaves, the wall volume of the preforms is heated. This allows the preforms to be heated to the predetermined temperature much faster, in particular within 1 second, than with infrared heaters.

[0008] It is possible to use a microwave heating module with heating cavities. Here, each preform is individually inserted into a station (heating cavity / individual station) to be heated with microwave radiation. However, such individual stations require the distribution of microwave radiation to each station. This is very complex in terms of space requirements, setting the desired microwave pattern, and ultimately in terms of maintenance and cost.

[0009] Linear ovens currently require microwave generators, which are available in separate units (control cabinets). This necessitates the transmission of microwave radiation via a waveguide path to the heating element and then to the point of heating. The waveguide path should be designed to minimize microwave radiation leakage or loss. Furthermore, such microwave generators typically require liquid cooling, which necessitates additional space.

[0010] Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide a heating device for heating preforms for a blow molding machine, which solves the aforementioned problems. In particular, a heating device for heating preforms for a blow molding machine is to be provided which, with a small footprint and reduced maintenance effort, enables energy-efficient heating of preforms using microwave radiation in order to produce uniform, high-quality plastic containers.

[0011] This problem is solved by a heating device for heating preforms for a blow molding machine according to claim 1. The heating device has a microwave generator for generating the microwave, and a stationary applicator for applying microwave radiation to the plastic preforms, wherein the preforms can be moved through the applicator one after the other, and wherein the microwave generator and the applicator are arranged on a common platform.

[0012] The heating device described above forms a compact unit with a comparatively short waveguide section. As a result, the space requirement of the heating device is very small compared to a heating device that has a microwave generator as a separate unit.

[0013] Furthermore, the shortened waveguide section results in a reduction of components for the heating device and reduced radiation losses.

[0014] This results in a heating device that requires less space and allows for energy-efficient heating of preforms.

[0015] Due to the compact unit with its comparatively short waveguide section, while still providing good accessibility to the heating device components, maintenance requirements are also reduced. The quick-release fasteners on the heating device components, particularly for the waveguide section and the heating device applicator, as well as a special base for the applicator, are also very advantageous in this regard.

[0016] Overall, this reduces the costs for manufacturing and operating the heating device compared to conventional heating devices.

[0017] Another advantage is that the cooling system can utilize an existing blow molding machine or existing components of a linear oven with infrared emitters. This reduces the production costs of the described heating device compared to conventional heating devices. Furthermore, this makes converting a linear oven with infrared emitters to a microwave linear oven very sustainable.

[0018] This allows the heating device to achieve the desired heating results with low energy consumption, as the microwave radiation can be coupled into the heating device very effectively via a short waveguide. In this way, the heating device can more easily achieve a desired temperature profile for the preforms, enabling the production of uniform, high-quality plastic containers.

[0019] Overall, the design of the heating device described above also contributes to minimizing downtime and production losses of both the heating device and the upstream tank treatment system. Furthermore, it minimizes scrap from the upstream tank treatment system, thus enabling the efficient use of resources such as materials and energy.

[0020] Advantageous further embodiments of the heating device are specified in the dependent claims.

[0021] In one embodiment, the microwave generator and the applicator are arranged separately on the common platform.

[0022] In one embodiment, the common platform is part of a common housing for the microwave generator and the applicator.

[0023] The microwave generator may be located below a conveyor belt on which the preforms can be moved to the applicator of the heating device.

[0024] It is conceivable that the heating device also includes at least one waveguide for guiding the microwave from the microwave generator to the applicator, wherein the at least one waveguide is screwed to one part of the applicator and connected to another part of the applicator with a coupling flange half.

[0025] In one embodiment, the heating device also has a quick-release fastener for connecting two waveguides with interlocking flange halves, and a fine adjustment for adjusting the quick-release fastener, wherein the two waveguides have recesses in their flange into which the interlocking flange halves can be inserted, and wherein the fine adjustment is arranged to finely adjust the two waveguides to be connected.

[0026] The applicator may have locking bolts for quick-release fastening of the two applicator halves. Alternatively or additionally, the applicator may have interchangeable strips located on one of its walls, against which the two applicator halves are aligned to lock them together.

[0027] It is possible that the two applicator halves each have at least one functional element that can be positioned laterally on the preform, with only one applicator half having at least one applicator module that has a support element and at least one functional element that can be positioned at the bottom of the preform.

[0028] The heating device described above may also include a temperature control system for tempering the walls of the applicator and microwave generator and / or components for guiding the microwave between the microwave generator and the applicator.

[0029] The heating device described above can be part of a blow molding machine, wherein the microwave generator and the applicator are integrated, in particular directly, into the blow molding machine.

[0030] The heating device described above can be part of a blow molding machine, which also has a transport device for feeding preforms to the heating device, the transport device being integrated into the blow molding machine.

[0031] The heating device described above can be part of a container treatment plant which also includes a blow molding machine having at least one blow mold for blowing the preform heated by the heating device into a container for receiving a product.

[0032] Other possible implementations of the invention also include combinations of features or embodiments described previously or subsequently with regard to exemplary embodiments, even if not explicitly mentioned. In such cases, the person skilled in the art will also add individual aspects as improvements or additions to the respective basic form of the invention.

[0033] The invention is described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawing and by means of exemplary embodiments. The drawing shows: Fig. 1 a top view of a container treatment plant according to a first embodiment; Fig. 2 A three-dimensional view of a heating device of the tank treatment plant of Fig. 1 according to the first embodiment; Fig. 3 a top view of the heating device of Fig. 2; Fig. 4 A three-dimensional view of a microwave generator with components for connection to an applicator of the heating device of Fig. 3; Fig. 5 a top view of the microwave generator and the components for connection to the applicator; Fig. 6, Fig. 7, Fig. 8, Fig. 9, Fig. 10, Fig. 11 to Fig. 12 different views of a quick-release fastener and fine adjustment for waveguide components of Fig. 5; Fig. 13, Fig. 14 to Fig. 15 the design of the applicator; Fig. 16 and Fig. 17 the off-center parting plane of the applicator; Fig. 18, Fig. 19 to Fig. 20 a temperature control system for the applicator; Fig. 21, Fig. 22, Fig. 23, Fig. 24 to Fig. 25 a locking system for locking or unlocking the applicator; Fig. 26 and Fig. 27 the design of flanges of a waveguide on the applicator; Fig. 28 a three-dimensional view of the heating device of the tank treatment plant with a base for the applicator; and Fig. 29, Fig. 30, Fig. 31, Fig. 32, Fig. 33, Fig. 34, Fig. 35 to Fig. 36 views of the base for the applicator.

[0034] In the figures, identical or functionally equivalent elements are provided with the same reference symbols unless otherwise specified.

[0035] Fig. Figure 1 shows a container treatment plant 1 for the production of containers 2 from preforms 3 made of plastic, such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polypropylene (PP), etc. The finished containers 2 can be, for example, bottles, as shown in Fig. 1 shows a mold into which a product can be poured. The product can be, in particular, a beverage, a cleaning agent, a cosmetic product, etc. The preforms 3 are in Fig. 1 shown as circles for their mouth 3A, which in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 is shown in more detail. For the sake of clarity, in Fig. 1 only two of the preforms 3, at the beginning (in Fig. 1 below) and at the end (in Fig. 1 left) of the series formed by them, provided with a reference sign.

[0036] Container 2 can, for example, be a container with a maximum capacity of approximately 0.33 liters, 0.5 liters, 1.5 liters, etc. Alternatively, other capacities are conceivable. The shape of container 2 can be freely chosen. The container treatment system 1 of Fig. Assembly 1 comprises a first transport device 10, which is, for example, part of an injection molding machine for producing the preforms 3, a second transport device 20, a third transport device 30, a heating device 40, a blow molding machine 50, and a control device 70. The blow molding machine 50 is downstream of the third transport device 30. The blow molding machine 50 can also be called a blow molding machine.

[0037] The container treatment plant 1 is designed to treat different containers 2, for example to equip containers 2 of different sizes with different features, such as different sized labels or prints, or to fill them with changing products or to fill them into different packaging sizes.

[0038] The transport devices 10, 30 and the blowing machine 50 are shown in the example in Fig. 1 each designed as a multi-functional star or carousel or include at least a multi-functional star or carousel.

[0039] The container handling system 1 is controlled by the control unit 70. Additional control units may be present for the individual transport devices 10, 20, 30 and the associated injection molding machine, blow molding machine 50 or heating device 40; these are not shown for the sake of simplicity.

[0040] The first, second and third transport devices 10, 20, 30 each serve to transport the large number of in Fig. 1. Preforms 3 shown. Here, the preforms 3 are arranged one after the other in a row in the transport direction of the first to third transport device 10, 20, 30. The first transport device 10 is in Fig. 1 designed as a sawtooth star, which is rotatably mounted, as in Fig. 1 is indicated by a rotation arrow on the first transport device 10. The first transport device 10 transfers the preforms 3 it holds to the second transport device 20.

[0041] In the example of Fig. 1 is the second transport device 20 a conveyor line, along which in the example of Fig. 1. A first conveying section 21 and a second conveying section 22 for the heating device 40 are arranged. Between the conveying sections 21, 22, the transport device 20 has a deflection section 23. The first and second conveying sections 21, 22 are each linear conveying sections. In the deflection section 23, the preforms 3 are deflected from a first conveying direction TR1 to a second conveying direction TR2. In the example of Fig. 1. The preforms 3 are guided along a semicircle in the deflection area 23. The first transport direction TR1, in which the preforms 3 are transported through the first conveying section 21, is in Fig. 1 opposite to the second transport direction TR2, in which the preforms 3 are transported through the second conveying line 22.

[0042] According to Fig. 1. The preforms 3 are held at their opening in the second transport device 20 by a spindle 25, the lower part of which is in Fig. 2 and Fig. Figure 3 shows that the spindle 25 is rotatably mounted in a chain link or a belt, as indicated by the rotation arrows on the preforms 3 in Figure 3. Fig. 1 shown. In device 1 of Fig. 1 several chain links or belts, with the spindles 25 mounted therein, are connected to each other, so that the chain links or belts form an endlessly circulating chain and thus a part of the conveying path of the second transport device 20.

[0043] The heating device 40 has a first applicator module 41A, a second applicator module 41B, a third applicator module 41C, and a fourth applicator module 41D. The applicator modules 41A and 41B are arranged on opposite sides of the conveying section 22. The first applicator module 41A is arranged on the same side of the conveying section 22 as the third applicator module 41C. The third applicator module 41C is downstream of the first applicator module 41A in the conveying direction TR2. The second applicator module 41B is arranged on the same side of the conveying section 22 as the fourth applicator module 41D. The fourth applicator module 41D is downstream of the second applicator module 41B in the conveying direction TR2.

[0044] The conveyor section 22 is first arranged between the applicator modules 41A, 41B and subsequently between the applicator modules 41C, 41D.

[0045] The preforms 3 are thus heated by the heating device 40 while they are transported through or in the conveyor section 22 by the second transport device 20. In this process, the preforms 3 are moved by a spindle 25 ( Fig. 2) rotated around its axis, as in Fig. 1 indicated by small white rotary block arrows.

[0046] After passing through the heating device 40, the preforms 3 are transferred from the second transport device 20 to the third transport device 30. The third transport device 30 is also, in this example, Fig. 1 rotatably mounted. The third transport device 30 transports the preforms 3, heated by the heating device 40, to the blow molding machine 50.

[0047] The blow machine 50 is in Fig. Figure 1 is shown schematically only. The blow molding machine 50 has at least one mold 51, into which the preforms 3, transported by the heating device 40, are fed. The at least one mold 51 has a shape with which a container 2 with a predetermined, in particular circular, cross-section can be formed. For this purpose, the preforms 3, heated by the heating device 40, are placed in the mold 50 of the blow molding machine 50. By injecting a gaseous medium into a preform 3 in the mold 51, the preforms 3 are blown into the desired shape of the container 2. The blow molding machine 50 can, in particular, be a stretch blow molding machine.

[0048] Fig. Figure 2 shows the heating device 40 with the transport devices 10, 20, 30 in a three-dimensional view. The heating device 40 has an applicator 41 comprising modules 41A, 41B, 41C, 41D, a housing 40A, and a microwave generator 400. The heating device 40 has a control module 40B. The microwave generator 400 has modules 401, 402, 403.

[0049] In the example of Fig. The applicator 41 and the microwave generator 400 are installed in the housing 40A. Thus, the applicator 41 and the microwave generator 400 are integrated into the housing 40A. The applicator 41 is a stationary component. Therefore, the applicator 41 is a stationary applicator. The preforms 3 are movable relative to the applicator 41.

[0050] Furthermore, the 40B control module is integrated into the 40A housing. The 40B control module can have at least one control cabinet with electrical components, as shown in Fig. Figure 2 shows that the control module 40B can control at least some of the functions of the heating device 40 described below. Furthermore, at least some part of the control unit 70 can be integrated into or attached to the housing 40A.

[0051] Furthermore, in the example of Fig. 2 the transport devices 10, 30 attached to the housing 40A.

[0052] Fig. Figure 3 shows the arrangement of the applicator 41 with its applicator modules 41A, 41B, 41C, 41D and the conveying lines 21, 22 in a top view.

[0053] Accordingly, the microwave generator 400 is located below the conveyor section 21. Furthermore, in Fig. 3 a water load 43 partially visible, which is used for a waveguide path to the microwave generator 400. This is more precisely in Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 shown.

[0054] According to Fig. The microwave generator 400 and the applicator 41 are connected to each other via several waveguides 450. The waveguides 450 together form the waveguide section. A circulator 42, the water load 43, and a tuning device 45 are also arranged in the waveguide section. A high-performance module 44 is connected to one of the waveguides 450. Furthermore, two waveguides 450 are connected by a quick-release coupling 48.

[0055] The high-performance module 44 can also be called Hipom (short for high-power module). The high-performance module 44 provides the microwave generator 400 with high voltage. High voltage in this context is understood as an electrical voltage in the range of 230 V or higher.

[0056] The microwave generator 400, more precisely its module 403, and the circulator 42 are connected via a waveguide 450 with an H-bend 450H, also called an "H-bend". The H-bend 450H bends the narrow section of the waveguide 450, thereby changing the electric field in the waveguide 450. The circulator 42 is connected to the water load 43. Furthermore, the circulator 42 is connected via a waveguide 450 with an H-bend 450H to the high-power module 44.

[0057] The tuning device 45 is partially integrated and partially attached to the waveguide 450, which is connected to the applicator 41. This waveguide 450 has an E-bend 450E, also called an "E-bend" or "easy bend". The E-bend 450E bends the wider section of the waveguide 450, thereby changing the electric field within the waveguide 450. On the opposite end of the waveguide 450 with the E-bend 450E, the quick-release coupling 48 is arranged for quick and easy connection of the waveguides 450 to each other.

[0058] The waveguide 450 with the E-bend 450E rotates the microwave 46 by 90° before the microwave 46 enters the applicator chamber 410. The microwave 46 has a wavelength in the range of 1 m to 1 mm. The tuning device 45 is designed so that the clear diameter in the waveguide 450 for the microwave 46 ( Fig. 5) to be changed as needed. The tuning device 45 can adjust the frequency and shape of the microwave 46 with the aid of the drive devices 451, 452.

[0059] As in Fig. As shown in Figure 5, the microwave generator 400 generates a microwave 46 during operation and sends it into the first waveguide 450 of the waveguide path. The subsequent circulator 42 ensures that the microwave 46 can propagate in only one direction.

[0060] This allows the microwave 46 to travel from the circulator 42 into the waveguide 450 to the high-power module 44. In contrast, microwave radiation 46A, which may have been reflected by the applicator 41, travels via the circulator 42 to the water load 43. This prevents microwave radiation 46A reflected from the applicator 41 from being coupled back into the microwave generator 400.

[0061] Thus, the housing 40A of the heating device 40 integrates not only the microwave generator 400, but also all associated peripherals, such as water cooling, the waveguides 450, insulator, water load 43, and the high-performance module 44 (Hipom). The housing 40A can comprise the platform 40C of a conventional IR heating module. Alternatively, the common platform 40C for the heating device 40 and the microwave generator 400 can be housed in a common housing 40A.

[0062] In this housing 40A, or on the platform 40C of the conventional infrared heating module, the aforementioned components of the microwave heating device 40 can be installed or mounted instead of the previously required infrared components. Since the applicator 41 can also be arranged on this platform 40C or in the housing 40A, the heating device 40 described above requires significantly less space than a conventional infrared heating device. The components of Fig. 4 and Fig. The 5 units are designed to be very space-saving. This allows all components to be housed in horizontally arranged control cabinets, as in... Fig. 2 and Fig. Figure 3 shows that the conventionally used vertical switch cabinet arrangement, which required significantly more space and had to be positioned next to the housing 40A, is no longer necessary for the microwave generator 400.

[0063] Another advantage is that a separate cooling circuit, separated from the blow module cooling circuit by means of a heat exchanger, is integrated within the heating device 40. This allows the in Fig. 4 and Fig. The five components shown for providing the microwave 46 to the applicator 41 can be operated without an additional external cooling unit. However, this integrated, self-contained cooling circuit can have a fixed mixing ratio between water and glycol (cooling medium or temperature control medium), which is described in Fig. 4 and Fig. The five components shown are required for the operation of the microwave oven 46. The cooling circuit can also be called a temperature control circuit and is part of a cooling system.

[0064] Fig. Figure 6 shows the quick-release fastener 48 for connecting two waveguides 450. The quick-release fastener 48 closes when shown in the illustration of Fig. 6 the flange connection between the two waveguides 450. The quick-release fastener 48 enables the opening or closing of a flange connection of two waveguides 450 using interlocking flange halves 481, 482.

[0065] The quick-release fastener 48 has, in addition to the union flange halves 481, 482, a first flange 483, a second flange 484, two interchangeable flange rings 485, an intermediate ring 486, and screws 489. The screws 489 connect the union flange halves 481, 482, as shown in more detail in Fig. 7 shown.

[0066] According to Fig. 7. The union flange halves 481, 482 can be removed from the flanges 483, 484, the flange rings 485 and the intermediate ring 486 arranged between them. For this purpose, the screws 489 of the union flange halves 481, 482 are removed from openings 480 which are arranged on the outside of the flanges 483, 484, the flange rings 485 and the intermediate ring 486.

[0067] Fig. Figure 8 shows a top view of the flange 483. The flange 483 is a ring with a rectangular inner opening 4831. The opening 4831 is adapted to the outer contour of the waveguide 450. Fig. 7 adapted. In the example of Fig. 8. Flange 483 has rounded outer corners. This makes flange 483 less susceptible to damage when the union flange halves 481, 482 are attached to flange 483.

[0068] The flange 483 has recesses 480 on its outer circumference, which are spaced apart from one another. The recesses 480 are designed as blind openings. The opening of each blind opening is located on the outside of the ring of the flange 483. The recesses 480 are arranged obliquely to the ring of the flange 483. The recesses 480 are arranged obliquely from the outer surface of the flange 483 towards the inner opening 4831 of the flange 483.

[0069] The flange 484, the flange rings 485 and the intermediate ring 486 are designed in the same way as the flange 483.

[0070] This allows the over-flange halves 481, 482 to be inserted into the recesses 480 and guided diagonally in the direction of the waveguide 450.

[0071] As in Fig. Figure 9 shows a top view of the union flange halves 481, 482, the union flange halves 481, 482 are thereby locked to each other and against falling out of the recesses 480.

[0072] Fig. Figure 10 shows a section through the quick-release fastener 48. Accordingly, the intermediate ring 486 optionally has a protective washer 486A. For this purpose, the intermediate ring 486 has a recess to accommodate the protective washer 486A. Furthermore, a sealing element 487 is optionally provided between the flange rings 485. The replaceable flange rings 485 are screwed together with screws 488.

[0073] The protective disc 486A serves to prevent the ingress of foreign objects into the waveguide 450. The material of the protective disc 486A is, in particular, quartz glass.

[0074] The sealing element 487, for example, is a microwave sealing cord that seals the flange connection against the escape of microwave radiation. This prevents microwave radiation from escaping the flange connection.

[0075] The quick-release fastener 48 thus enables the straightforward integration of replaceable flange rings 485 and / or a protective disc 486A onto an intermediate ring 486. The two replaceable flange rings 485 are wear parts. Replacing the flange rings 485 is more cost-effective than replacing the entire waveguide when the flange surfaces are worn and / or damaged. Furthermore, replacing the flange rings 485 takes comparatively little time.

[0076] The union flange halves 481, 482 can be removed or installed laterally from the flanges 483, 484, the flange rings 485 and the intermediate ring 486 in the screwed-on state through the recesses 480 in the flanges 483, 484, the flange rings 485 and the intermediate ring 486 for the screws 488.

[0077] Overall, the quick-release fastener 48 makes opening or closing the flange connection of two waveguides 450 significantly less time-consuming than opening or closing a flange screw connection 48B, which is used in Fig. 11 is shown.

[0078] According to Fig. 11 The flange screw connection 48B is produced by screwing the two flanges 483, 484 of waveguides 450 together with screws 489.

[0079] In addition, the waveguide 450 between the flange screw connection 48B and the quick-release fastener 48 can be adjusted on the next waveguide 450 with a fine adjustment 60.

[0080] The fine adjustment 60 is designed to align the flanges 483 and 484 relative to each other when closing the flange connection with the quick-release fastener 48. The fine adjustment 455 aligns the flange 483 of the waveguide 450 (left in Fig. 11), which rests on the fine adjustment 455, on the standing flange 484 of the standing waveguide 450 (right in Fig. 11) out.

[0081] The fine adjustment 60 enables an exact alignment of the flanges 483, 484 to each other when closing the flange connection with the quick-release fastener 48.

[0082] According to Fig. The fine adjustment 60 has a first alignment element 61, a second alignment element 62, a sensor 63 and a frame 64. The alignment elements 61, 62 of the fine adjustment 60 can be removed from the waveguide elements 450 after the flange connection has been screwed together.

[0083] The alignment elements 61, 62 are arranged on the frame 64. The sensor 63 is arranged on the alignment element 61.

[0084] The sensor 63 performs a position query of the alignment element 62 to prevent machine damage caused by a motorized height adjustment of the applicator 41 connected to the waveguide 450 when the quick-release fastener 48 is closed and the alignment element 61 is engaged and / or mounted, as shown in Fig. 12 shown.

[0085] Fig. Figure 13 shows the applicator 41 of the heating device 40 of Fig. 2 more precisely. The tuning device 45 and a frequency matching device 47 are arranged on the applicator 41. The tuning device 45 has the waveguide 450, which is connected to the applicator 41, in order to couple a microwave 46 into an applicator chamber 410 of the applicator 41, as previously also with regard to Fig. 5 described. Additionally, another waveguide 450, not shown, may be present to transmit the microwave 46 ( Fig. 5) to detach from the applicator 41.

[0086] The applicator 41 and the waveguide 450 form a cavity for guiding the microwave 46 ( Fig. 5) The applicator modules 41A, 41B, 41C, and 41D are arranged on the applicator chamber 410. Depending on the required heating power, the applicator length can vary, or the applicator 41 can have a different number of applicator modules configured as, for example, applicator modules 41A, 41B, 41C, and 41D. The applicator modules of the applicator 41 can also be equipped with adjusting pins for the frequency adjustment device 47, as described below.

[0087] The heating device 40 is designed with the tuning device 45 and the frequency adjustment device 47 to power the microwave oven 46 ( Fig. 5) to adjust the microwave oven to 46 ( Fig. 5) there is a standing wave in the applicator chamber 410.

[0088] As also in Fig. As shown in Figure 13, the frequency adjustment device 47 is arranged on the applicator 41 on both sides of the conveying section 22. Thus, the frequency adjustment device 47 is located on the applicator modules 41A, 41B, 41C, and 41D of Fig. 1 arranged.

[0089] The frequency adjustment device 47 has adjustment pins 471, 472, 473, 474, 475, 476, drive levers 477, connecting rods 478, drive pulleys 479, and drive motors (not shown). Each of the adjustment pins 471, 472, 473, 474, 475, 476 has a drive lever 477 for a gearbox. The adjustment pins 471, 472, 473 are coupled to one of the connecting rods 478 and connected to one of the drive pulleys 479 with a drive motor (not shown). The adjustment pins 474, 475, 476 are coupled to the other connecting rod 478 and connected to the other drive pulley 479 with a drive motor (not shown). Thus, the adjusting pins 471, 472, 473 can be jointly adjusted to a predetermined position to control the frequency of the microwave 46 ( Fig. 3) to adjust as needed. This can also be referred to as "tuning". In addition, the adjusting pins 474, 475, 476 can be set together to a predetermined position to adjust the frequency of the microwave 46 ( Fig. 3) to adjust as needed.

[0090] For this purpose, a rotary movement of the drive motors (not shown) is converted into a linear movement of the connecting rod 478, which is coupled to the drive motor. This causes the drive levers 477, which are connected to the connecting rod 478, to pivot. As a result, the adjusting pins 471, 472, 473 or adjusting pins 474, 475, 476 are pivoted about their axes. Each of the adjusting pins 471, 472, 473, 474, 475, 476 has a metallic half-cylinder that, by rotation, can introduce more or less material into the applicator chamber 410. When the metallic half-cylinder is rotated about its axis, the metal volume can be at least partially positioned in the applicator chamber 410 or rotated completely out of the applicator chamber 410. The adjusting pins 471, 472, 473, 474, 475, 476 are positioned as close as possible to maxima of the electric field in the applicator chamber 410.

[0091] For the function of the applicator 41 (resonator), it is essential that the adjusting pins 471, 472, 473, 474, 475, 476 are rotated symmetrically on opposite walls 410C of the applicator chamber 410. "Symmetrical" here refers to axial symmetry with respect to the transport path of the preforms 3 ( Fig. 1) on the spindle 25 in the direction of the second transport direction TR2 or on the conveyor line 22 through the applicator chamber 410.

[0092] The control of the adjusting pins 471, 472, 473, 474, 475, 476 with the drive levers 477, the connecting rods 478 and the drive discs 479, as in Fig. Figure 13 shows a control system in which all frequency adjustment elements 4712 of the adjustment pins 471, 472, 473, located next to each other on one side of the applicator chamber 410, are moved in exactly the same way. Only one drive motor (not shown) is required for this. Furthermore, the adjustment pins 474, 475, 476, located next to each other on the other side of the applicator chamber 410, can be moved in exactly the same way. Again, only one drive motor (not shown) is required for this.

[0093] The described design of the adjusting pins 471, 472, 473, 474, 475, 476 enables simple control with quick adjustment and / or regulation of the position of the adjusting pins 471, 472, 473, 474, 475, 476. A symmetrical adjustment is possible, as described above.

[0094] The drive units of the frequency matching device 47 can be controlled at least temporarily by the control unit 70.

[0095] According to Fig. 14. The applicator chamber 410 can be opened by moving the applicator modules 41B and 41D away from the applicator modules 41A and 41C. The waveguide 450 remains partially connected to the applicator modules 41A and 41C. However, the applicator modules 41B and 41D can be pulled away from the waveguide 450.

[0096] Even though the applicator 41 is not separated symmetrically, it will subsequently be referred to as two "applicator halves". The applicator modules 41B and 41D form the first "applicator half" of the applicator 41. The applicator modules 41A and 41C form the second "applicator half" of the applicator 41.

[0097] Fig. Figure 14 shows that additional applicator modules 41E and 41F are arranged on the first applicator half of applicator 41. Applicator modules 41E and 41F are located at the bottom of applicator chamber 410. Applicator module 41E is associated with applicator module 41A. Applicator module 41F is associated with applicator module 41C.

[0098] According to Fig. Each of the applicator modules 41A, 41C has a plurality of functional elements 411 that are motor-adjustable. The functional elements 411 of the applicator module 41A are spaced apart from each other in the applicator chamber 410. The functional elements 411 can be arranged in a stack, as shown in Fig. 14 shown. In Fig. For the sake of simplicity, only one of the functional elements 411 is shown with a reference symbol in Figure 14. All applicator modules 41A, 41B, 41C, and 41D are identical.

[0099] Each of the applicator modules 41E, 41F has at least one functional element 412 that is motor-adjustable. In Fig. For the sake of simplicity, only one of the functional elements 412 is shown with a reference symbol in Figure 14.

[0100] The functional elements 411, 412 are positioned in the applicator 41 in a predetermined arrangement or position relative to the at least one preform 3 for profiling the respective preform 3, more precisely for introducing heat into the respective preform 3. The functional elements 411 are preferably positioned symmetrically to the preform 3 from two sides.

[0101] The functional elements 411, 412 locally modify the microwave field in the area of ​​the at least one preform 3. This determines, and in particular selectively modifies, the local heating of individual areas of the at least one preform 3. Each functional element 411, 412 is, for example, made of at least one of the following materials: polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), quartz glass, aluminum, or ceramic. The functional elements 411 and / or the functional elements 412 do not all have to be made of the same material.

[0102] The at least one material of the functional elements 411, 412 has a relatively high dielectric constant (ε') in order to have a significant effect on the resulting temperature profile. At least one of the functional elements 411, 412 is made of a material with a different dielectric constant (ε') than the other functional elements 411, 412. The at least one material of the functional elements 411, 412 particularly has a dielectric constant (ε') in the range of 1 to 10. Preferably, the dielectric constant (ε') is in the range of 2 to 10. For an even greater effect, the dielectric constant (ε') is in the range of 3 to 10.

[0103] Furthermore, at least one of the materials of the functional elements 411, 412 has a low dielectric loss factor (ε'') so that the material absorbs as little of the heating energy (microwave energy) as possible. This minimizes the heating of the at least one of the materials of the functional elements 411, 412 by the microwave 46 or microwave radiation. For example, the at least one of the materials of the functional elements 411, 412 has a dielectric loss factor (ε'') in the range of 0.005 to 0.00005, where the smaller ε'', the better. In particular, the dielectric loss factor (ε'') is < 10 -1 , i.e., less than 0.1. For even less heat energy absorption, the dielectric loss factor (ε'') is < 10 -2 , i.e., less than 0.01. For even less heat energy absorption, the dielectric loss factor (ε') should be < 10 -3 , so less than 0.001.

[0104] As in Fig. Figure 14 shows that for only one preform 3, the preforms 3 are transported or conveyed through the applicator chamber 410 along the conveying path 22. Each preform 3 is held by a spindle 25. During operation of the heating device 40, the preforms 3 are conveyed or transported sequentially along the conveying path 22 through the applicator chamber 410 at only a short distance from each other, as shown in Figure 14. Fig. 1 shown.

[0105] As also in Fig. As shown in Figure 14, each preform 3 has a circular cross-section. Each preform 3 is typically an injection-molded part with a base and an opening. The opening already corresponds to the opening of the finished container 2. Fig. 1. A spindle 25 of the second transport device 20 engages in the opening. In particular, each preform 3 is held at its opening by the spindle 25. The spindle 25 allows the preform 3 to be rotated about its longitudinal axis.

[0106] Conveyor path 22 runs approximately through the center of applicator chamber 410. Applicator modules 41A, 41B, 41C, 41D, 41E, and 41F form a lane through which the preforms 3 are transported or conveyed. The preforms 3 are transported or conveyed without contact in the lane to the applicator modules 41A, 41B, 41C, 41D, 41E, and 41F. Air circulation is possible around the preforms 3 in the lane. Applicator modules 41E and 41F are designed to heat the base of the preforms 3.

[0107] Tension anchors 413 are provided between the applicator modules 41A, 41E and the applicator modules 41C, 41F, which are inserted into openings 4141A of a locking strip 414 of Fig. 15 can be inserted into the second “applicator half” of the applicator 41. The tie rods 413 can be locked with the openings 4141A or with the locking strip 414 to close the applicator 41. In addition, at least one strip 415 ( Fig. 14) in the area of ​​the tie rods 413. The strip 415 is provided between the applicator modules 41A, 41E and the applicator modules 41C, 41F on the applicator 41. The strip 415 is a replaceable strip.

[0108] Fig. Figure 15 shows the applicator 41 in a view that, compared to the view of Fig. 14 is rotated by 90°. Therefore, at least one strip 415 is also provided at the bottom of the applicator modules 41B, 41D on the applicator 41.

[0109] Fig. Figure 16 shows the off-center parting line of the two applicator halves in a sectional view. Accordingly, the preforms 3 move along the spindle 25 in the center S1 of the applicator 41, which is the same as the center of the applicator chamber 410. However, the two applicator modules 41A, 41E are separated from the applicator module 41B along a sectioning or parting plane S2, as also shown in Fig. 17 shown.

[0110] According to Fig. 16 and Fig. Applicator module 41E has openings 410D in at least one applicator wall 410C. The openings 410D can be, in particular, bores. The openings 410D can be used for temperature control of at least one applicator wall 410C, as described in more detail below.

[0111] Furthermore, according to Fig. 16 and Fig. 17 A support element 4121 is provided for carrying the functional elements 412. The support element 4121 is guided into the applicator chamber 410 next to the applicator wall 410D. The support element 4121 is made, for example, of at least one of the following materials, namely polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), or of at least one other material with similar dielectric properties, in particular polyetherimides (PEI), quartz glass, or ceramics in corresponding geometric dimensions.

[0112] The at least one material of the support element 4121 should have a dielectric loss factor (ε'') in the range of 0.005 to 0.00005, where the smaller ε'', the better. In particular, the dielectric loss factor (ε'') is < 10 -1 = 0.1. For even less heat energy absorption, the dielectric loss factor (ε'') is < 10 -2 = 0.01. For even less heat energy absorption, the dielectric loss factor (ε'') should be < 10 -3 = 0.001. However, for the choice of at least one material of the support element 4121, the size of the dielectric constant (ε') can be chosen arbitrarily.

[0113] Since the carrier element 4121 does not penetrate the functionally critical closing edge of the two applicator halves, there is no risk of locally insufficient electrical contact between the two applicator halves. Furthermore, the risk of damage to the carrier elements 4121 by operating personnel when the applicator 41 is open is reduced.

[0114] At the closing edge, which corresponds to the cutting plane or separating plane S2, at least one strip 415 is attached to the applicator modules 41A, 41B, as already described in relation to Fig. 13, Fig. 14 to Fig. 15 mentioned. The at least one strip 415 is attached to a wall or walls 410C of the applicator chamber 410.

[0115] The at least one strip 415 can protect the wall(s) 410C of the applicator chamber 410 against damage. The at least one strip 415 ensures that the applicator chamber 410 does not need to be disassembled in the event of a defect on the contact surface / closing edge of the two applicator halves.

[0116] In addition, a sealing element 416 is optionally provided. The sealing element 416 can be used for sealing between at least one strip 415 and at least one applicator wall 410C and / or between at least two strips 415 and / or between at least one applicator wall 410C and flanges 483, 484 in the quick-change closure 48, as previously described in relation to Fig. 10. The sealing element 416, for example, is a microwave sealing cord that seals the connection between the applicator halves against the escape of microwave radiation from the applicator chamber 410. This prevents microwave radiation from escaping the applicator chamber 410.

[0117] The fitting of the applicator 41 with the strips 415 reduces the risk of possible wear and / or damage to the walls 410C and / or other applicator housing parts by repeated opening / closing of the applicator 41 in the area of ​​the closing edge S2.

[0118] Furthermore, equipping the applicator 41 with the strips 415 and / or the sealing element 416 reduces the risk of insufficient electrical contact between the applicator halves. In addition, the strips 415 allow for very quick repair of damage to the closing edge / contact surface of the applicator halves by simply replacing the strips 415. The strips 415 are therefore quick-change strips. In comparison, replacing damaged walls 410C of the applicator chamber 410 and / or other applicator housing parts containing the closing edge is very time-consuming and very costly in terms of labor and materials.

[0119] Fig. Figure 18 shows a temperature control system 417 for temperature control of applicator walls 410C of the applicator 41. The temperature control system 417 uses the openings 410D, which are located in Fig. 16 and Fig. 17 are shown.

[0120] Temperature control system 417 is an active temperature control system for the applicator housing formed from the applicator walls 410C. Temperature control system 417 is, in particular, a cooling system. The temperature control medium, especially the cooling medium, can be liquid or gaseous. Temperature control system 417 is, in particular, a water cooling system. However, another temperature control medium can be used, in particular oil or a mixture, especially of water and glycol.

[0121] The temperature control system 417 has pipes 4171, flow connections 4172, 4173, return connections 4173, 4175 and a bracket 4176. The flow connections 4172, 4173 and the return connections 4174, 4175 can be designed in the same way.

[0122] The supply connections 4172 on the bracket 4174 are connected to the supply connections 4173, each of which is connected to one of the openings 410D in an applicator wall 410C at the top of the applicator 41.

[0123] The return connections 4173 on the bracket 4174 are connected to the return connections 4174, each of which is connected to one of the openings 410D in an applicator wall 410C at the bottom of the applicator 41.

[0124] In this way, the temperature control system 417 forms a closed system in which the temperature control medium flows from the supply connections 4172 through the lines 4171 to the supply connections 4173 and then through the applicator walls 410C to the openings 410D to which the return connections 4175 are connected, and then through the lines 4171 to the return connections 4174 on the holder 4176.

[0125] Fig. Figure 19 shows the openings 410D at the top of the applicator walls 410C in more detail. Fig. Figure 19 shows a top view of the applicator 41. Accordingly, the openings 410D from the supply connection 4173 to the return connection 4174 are continuous. Thus, a supply connection 4173 and a return connection 4174 are connected via the opening 410D in at least one applicator wall 410C.

[0126] Fig. Figure 20 shows the openings 410D at the bottom of the applicator walls 410C in more detail. Fig. Figure 20 shows a view from below the applicator 41. Accordingly, the openings 410D from the supply connection 4173 to the return connection 4174 are continuous. Thus, a supply connection 4173 and a return connection 4174 are connected via the opening 410D in at least one applicator wall 410C.

[0127] The temperature control system 417 prevents overheating of the applicator 41 and instability of the heating process during operation. For example, instability can be caused by thermal expansion of the housing formed by the applicator walls 410C and / or a change in the dielectric constant of elements or components within the applicator chamber 410, etc.

[0128] Temperature control of the applicator walls 410C by the temperature control system 417 can provide greater stability for heating the preforms 3 to the predetermined temperature. This allows the temperature control system 417 to support the production of uniform plastic containers 2 ( Fig. 1) of high quality.

[0129] Fig. Figure 21 shows the closed applicator 41 in a locked position. Fig. Figure 22 shows the closed applicator 41 in an unlocked position. Fig. Figure 23 shows the opened applicator 41.

[0130] For locking / unlocking, the applicator 41 has, in addition to the tie rods 213 on the applicator modules 41B, 41D, the locking bar 414. Fig. 21 and Fig. 22. The tie rods 413 are inserted into the locking bar 414. The locking bar 414 has openings 414A into which the tie rods 413 can be inserted. The openings 414A have two ends with different diameters, as is best illustrated in Fig. 24 and Fig. 25 shown.

[0131] The locking bar 414 is in the position of Fig. 21 is shifted so that the tie rods 413 are arranged in the ends of the openings 414A of the locking bar 414, which have the smaller diameter. The locking bar 414 is fixed and locked by being inserted into recesses in bushings on the tie rod 413, as shown in Fig. 24 shown. The applicator halves can be connected to each other by tightening the screws of the tie rod 413.

[0132] If the screws of the tie rod 413 are loosened again and the locking bar 414 is moved again, the bushings on the tie rod 413 can be repositioned in the ends of the openings 414A of the locking bar 414 that have the larger diameter. This is best done in Fig. 25 shown. In this position, the applicator halves are unlocked, as also in Fig. 22 shown. The applicator halves can then be separated from each other, as shown in Fig. 23 shown.

[0133] As also in Fig. 21, Fig. 22 to Fig. As shown in Figure 23, the waveguide 450 is partially connected to the applicator 41 by a quick-release fastener 48A. Otherwise, the waveguide 450 is fastened with screws 488 in threads of the applicator half (modules 41A, 41C). The applicator half (modules 41B, 41D) is attached by closing the coupling flange 48A onto the flange on the waveguide 450. For this purpose, the flange 483 has recesses 480 for screws 489 of the quick-release fastener 48A in the opening direction, as best seen in Figure 23. Fig. 23 shown. The screws 489 do not need to be completely unscrewed and / or removed to disconnect the applicator half (modules 41B, 41D) from the waveguide 450.

[0134] To open the lock according to Fig. First, the screws 489 of the quick-release fastener 48A and the screws of the tie rods 413 are loosened. Then, the locking bar 414 is slid to the "Unlocked" position, as previously explained. The bushings of the tie rods 213 are then released. Afterward, the applicator half (modules 41B, 41D) can be pulled away from the applicator half (modules 41A, 41C), the waveguide 450, and the tuning device 45 attached to it in the opening direction. The applicator 41 is then open, as shown in Fig. 23 shown.

[0135] To close the applicator 41, the applicator half (modules 41B, 41D) is slid onto the applicator half (modules 41A, 41C) as well as the waveguide 450 and the tuning device 45 attached to it in the closing direction. Then the locking bar 414 is slid to the "Locked" position, as shown in Fig. 21. This fixes the bushings on the tie rods 413 in the locking strip 414. Then the screws 489 of the quick-release fastener 48A and the screws of the tie rods 413 can be tightened. After that, the applicator 41 is closed.

[0136] The described opening and closing of the applicator 41 using the quick-release fasteners (drawbar 413 / locking bar 414 and quick-release fastener 48A) requires little time and is therefore very fast. The screws 489 of the quick-release fastener 48A and the screws of the drawbars 413 do not need to be completely loosened and removed. This makes it less likely that the screws 489 will be lost. In addition, the drawbars 413 are practically impossible to lose and are securely attached to the applicator 41.

[0137] Fig. Figure 26 shows that the flange surfaces 483 of the waveguide 450 for the tuning module 45 are inclined section by section to the opening or closing direction of the applicator 41. The flange surfaces 483 of the waveguide 450 for the tuning module 45 are inclined, in particular, by an angle α of approximately 1.5°. In particular, the angle α can be in a range of approximately 1.0° to 2°.

[0138] Due to the angled flange 483, when the applicator is opened or the applicator half (modules 41B, 41D) is pulled away from the applicator half (modules 41A, 41C) according to Fig. 27. No contact between the flange surfaces occurs. This prevents contact even when opening the applicator 41 or pulling the applicator half (modules 41B, 41D) away from the applicator half (modules 41A, 41C) according to Fig. 27. No rubbing of the flange surfaces 483 on the applicator half (modules 41B, 41D) takes place.

[0139] Fig. Figure 28 shows the arrangement of a base 49 for the applicator 41 in the heating device 40. The base 49 is arranged below the applicator 41 and on the platform 40C, on which the microwave generator 400 and the applicator 41 are also arranged. The base 49 supports the applicator 41. Thus, the applicator 41 is arranged above the waveguides 450 of the waveguide path that leads from the microwave generator 400 to the applicator 41.

[0140] Fig. Figure 29 shows the base frame 49 in more detail in a front view. It also shows Fig. 30 the base 49 of Fig. 28 and Fig. 29 in a rear view. The rear view of Fig. 30 is rotated 180° to the front view in Fig. 29.

[0141] The base frame 49 has a base frame 491, a drive unit 492, a lifting table unit 493, a linear unit 494, a swivel unit 495 and an applicator holding unit 496.

[0142] The base frame 491 has a framework on which four column-shaped supports 4911 are arranged. The base frame 491, with its four supports 4911, forms an approximately cube-shaped framework. The base frame 491 forms the basis for attaching the applicator 41 to the housing 40A of the heating device 40. Fig. 2.

[0143] The drive unit 492 has at least one drive to power units 492 to 495 and optionally also the applicator holding unit 496. The drive unit 492 can, in particular, have one drive for the lifting table unit 493 per column-shaped support 4911. The drive unit 492 can have at least two drives operating according to different principles, in particular mechanical, electrical, hydraulic, pneumatic, etc.

[0144] The lifting table unit 493 enables the applicator holding unit 496 to be moved vertically by means of column guides 4931, as shown in Fig. 31, Fig. 32 and Fig. 35 shown.

[0145] The linear unit 494 enables the applicator 41 to be pulled out of the housing 40A of the heating device. Fig. 2, as in Fig. 34, Fig. 35 to Fig. 36 shown.

[0146] The swivel unit 495 enables the applicator 41 to be rotated around the vertical axis in the extended position, as shown in Fig. 36 shown.

[0147] The applicator holding unit 496 has a rail on which holders 4961, 4963 are attached for holding the applicator modules 41A, 41C. Fig. 2 are arranged and holders 4962, 4964 for holding the applicator modules 41B, 41D of Fig. 2 are arranged to be slidable. Holders 4962, 4964 are slidable relative to holders 4961, 4963, as shown in the comparison of Fig. 31 and Fig. 32 or in comparison to Fig. 31 and Fig. 33. This allows the applicator holding unit 496 to pull the two applicator halves apart, as previously described.

[0148] The base 49 serves to hold and position the applicator 41 in the heating device 40 of Fig. 2. The base frame fulfills 49 different functions, as shown in Fig. 31, Fig. 32, Fig. 33, Fig. 34, Fig. 35 to Fig. 36 illustrated..

[0149] As in Fig. As shown in Figure 31 with a double-sided block arrow, the lifting table unit 493 can move the applicator holding unit 496 translationally in the vertical direction during operation of the heating device 40, in particular by ± 5 mm. Thus, the base frame 49 can move the applicator 41 held on the applicator holding unit 496 from Fig. 4 or Fig. 13 relative to the precursors 3 of Fig. 1. Position. This requires very precise positioning in the vertical direction relative to a preform 3 ( Fig. 1) on the chain including height adjustment of the applicator 41 during operation. Thus, when changing product types, washers can be inserted into grippers to hold the preforms 3 ( Fig. 1) no longer required at a predetermined position.

[0150] According to Fig. 32 The base 49 also enables a procedure of the applicator 41 of Fig. 4 or Fig. 13 in a vertical direction to move the base frame 49 towards a maintenance position, as with the block arrow in Fig. Figure 32 shows that the base frame 49 can be moved, in particular by up to -300 mm. Naturally, the base frame 49 can be moved from the maintenance position back to the operating position. Fig. 31 or one of the positions in between.

[0151] As in Fig. 32 and also in Fig. As shown in Figure 33, the applicator holding unit 496 has guides 4965 on which the holders 4962, 4964 and the holders 4961, 4963 can be guided. This allows the two-part applicator 41, held by the applicator holding unit 496, to be pulled apart or pushed back together along the guides 4965. This is shown in Fig. 33 illustrated with a two-sided block arrow.

[0152] On the way to or in the maintenance position of Fig. The base frame 49 can also be adjusted as shown in section 32. Fig. 34, Fig. 35 to Fig. 36 shown. That is, according to Fig. 34. The linear unit 494 can be extended before the base frame 49 is fully moved into the maintenance position. This removes the applicator holding unit 496 from the base frame 49, making it more accessible to maintenance personnel.

[0153] For example, if the linear unit 494 is extended, as in Fig. As shown in Figure 34, the base frame 49 can still be moved into the maintenance position, as shown in Fig. 35 shown.

[0154] According to Fig. In the maintenance position, the applicator holding unit 496 with the swivel unit 495 can be swivelled and / or rotated.

[0155] Furthermore, the applicator 41 can be aligned in at least one other spatial direction by means of adjusting blocks and / or washers on the base frame 49.

[0156] The base 49 thus provides significantly less complicated access to the interior of the applicator 41 ( Fig. 2, Fig. 4, Fig. 13, Fig. 21). This applies to both short inspection and maintenance work. This ensures that maintenance personnel have quick access to remove, for example, minor soiling within the applicator chamber 410.

[0157] The guides 4965 ensure a clean closure of the applicator halves, guaranteeing good electrical conductivity at the contact surfaces. This good electrical conductivity minimizes the risk of plasma ignition.

[0158] Furthermore, the base frame 49 allows the applicator 41 to be positioned vertically with an accuracy of 1 / 10 mm. This enables heating with the heating device 40 for warming the preforms 3 ( Fig. 1) such that uniform plastic containers of high quality can be manufactured.

[0159] According to a second embodiment, the adjusting pins 471, 472, 473, 474, 475, 476 are controlled without drive levers 477, connecting rods 478 and drive discs 479, as shown in Fig. 2 shown.

[0160] This enables control in which the frequency adjustment elements 4712 of the adjustment pins 471, 472, 473, which are located next to each other on one side of the applicator chamber 410, can be moved independently or individually. For this, a drive motor 480 is required for each adjustment pin 471, 472, 473. In addition, the frequency adjustment elements 4712 of the adjustment pins 474, 475, 476, which are located next to each other on one side of the applicator chamber 410, can be moved independently or individually. For this, a drive motor 480 is required for each adjustment pin 474, 475, 476.

[0161] However, in this case the frequency adjustment elements 4712 of the adjustment pins 471, 474 are controlled together, which are arranged on two sides of the applicator chamber 410 in such a way that the adjustment pins 471, 474 can be connected by a line that is perpendicular to the conveying path 22 ( Fig. 2) the preforms 3 are in the applicator chamber 410. This maintains symmetry with respect to the transport axis or the conveying path 22 ( Fig. 2) of the applicator 41 is preserved.

[0162] Thus, the frequency adjustment elements 4712 of the matching pins 472 and 475 are also controlled together. Furthermore, the frequency adjustment elements 4712 of the matching pins 473 and 476 are also controlled together.

[0163] According to a third embodiment, the applicator 41 does not have a frequency matching device 47. Therefore, the microwave 46 is coupled into the applicator 41 in the desired shape and frequency. The microwave 46 is then tuned to the desired shape and frequency using the tuning device 45.

[0164] According to a fourth embodiment, the applicator 41 does not have a tuning device 45. Therefore, the microwave 46 can be coupled into the applicator 41 in the desired shape and frequency. The microwave 46 can also be adjusted to the desired shape and frequency using the frequency matching device 47.

[0165] All previously described configurations of the container treatment system 1, the transport device 20, the heating device 40, the applicator modules 41A, 41B, 41C, 41D, 41E, 41F, the tuning device 45, the frequency matching device 47, and the previously described method can be used individually or in any possible combination. In addition, the following modifications are particularly conceivable.

[0166] The parts shown in the figures are schematic and may differ in their exact design from the forms shown in the figures, as long as their previously described functions are guaranteed.

[0167] The number of applicator modules 41A, 41B, 41C, 41D, 41E, 41F is individually adjustable and depends on the respective local space conditions and / or the required heating time and / or the number of functional elements 411, 412.

[0168] More or fewer applicator modules 41A, 41B, 41C, 41D, 41E, 41F than shown in the figures can be used. In particular, only applicator modules 41A and 41C are present, or only applicator modules 41B and 41D. This means that the preforms 3 are heated from only one side.

[0169] Ground applicator modules 41E, 41F are not required.

[0170] The number of functional elements 411, 412 is freely selectable. In particular, only one floor functional element 412 is present in the applicator module 41E and / or the applicator module 41F.

[0171] Instead of the described configurations of the quick-release fasteners using tie rods 413 and locking bar 414, as well as the quick-release fasteners 48, 48A for waveguides 480 for the applicator 41A, other variants are conceivable. For example, an automatic system can perform motorized opening or closing, as well as clamping and fixing of the applicator halves and tuning module 45 or its waveguide 450. The motorized opening or closing, as well as the clamping and fixing of the applicator halves and tuning module 45 or its waveguide 450, can be performed electrically and / or hydraulically and / or pneumatically. A toggle lever system can be used instead of screws 489. Additionally or alternatively, the integration of at least one sensor is possible to monitor, in particular, the position of the applicator half, the position of the locking bar 414, and the force of the screw connections between the applicator halves and the tuning module 45 or its waveguide 450.

[0172] The number of adjustment pins 471, 472, 473, 474, 475, 476 can be selected as desired.

[0173] The coupling of at least two adjusting pins of the adjusting pins 471, 472, 473, 474, 475, 476 does not have to be effected by a coupling rod 478, as in Fig. 2 shown. Instead, a gear drive and / or V-belt can be used for coupling. Reference symbol list 1 container treatment plant 2 containers 3 Preform 10 first transport device 20 second transport facility 21, 22 Conveyor route 23 Deflection area 25 spindle 30 third transport device 40 Heating device 40A enclosure 40B Control Module 40C platform 41 Applicator 41A first applicator module 41B second applicator module 41C third applicator module 41D fourth applicator module 41E fifth applicator module 41F sixth applicator module 42 circulator 43 Water load 44 High-performance module 45 Voting device 45A tuning module 45B Control Module 46 Microwave 46A reflected microwave radiation 47 Frequency matching device 48, 48A Quick release 48B Flange bolted connection 49 Base Applicator 50 blow machine 51 blow mold 60 Fine adjustment 61 first alignment element 62 second alignment element 63 Sensor 64 frame 70 Control unit 400 microwave generator 401, 402, 403 Module Microwave Generator 410 Applicator chamber 410C Applicator Chamber Wall 411 lateral functional element 412 Floor functional element 413 tie rods 414 Locking strip 414A Opening 415 interchangeable strip 416 Sealing element 417 Temperature control system 450 waveguides 450E E-bend 450H H-bend 451, 452 Drive unit 471, 472, 473, 474, 475, 476 Adjustment pin 477 Drive lever gearbox 478 Linkage rod gearbox 479 Drive pulley motor 480 recess 481, 482 Throw-over flange half 483, 484 flange 485 Flange ring 486 Intermediate ring 486A Protective screen 487 Sealing element 488, 489 screw 491 Base frame 492 Drive unit 493 Lifting table unit 494 linear units 495 Swivel unit 496 Applicator holding unit 4171 Line 4172, 4173 Flow connection 4174, 4175 Return connection 4176 bracket 4831 Opening 4911 support 4931 Column guide 4961, 4962, 4963, 4964 Holders for applicator modules 4965 Leadership S1 Center of the applicator S2 Cutting plane / Separation plane / Cutting edge TR1 first transport direction TR2 second direction of transport

Claims

Heating device (40) for heating preforms (3) for a blow molding machine (50), comprising a microwave generator (400) for generating the microwave (46), and a stationary applicator (41) for applying microwave radiation (46) to the plastic preforms (3), wherein the preforms (3) can be moved successively through the applicator (41), and wherein the microwave generator (400) and the applicator (41) are arranged on a common platform (40C). Heating device (40) according to claim 1, wherein the microwave generator (400) and the applicator (41) are arranged separately accessible on the common platform (40C). Heating device (40) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the common platform (40C) has a common housing (40A) for the microwave generator (400) and the applicator (41), or wherein the common platform (40C) is part of a common housing (40A) for the microwave generator (400) and the applicator (41). Heating device (40) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the microwave generator (400) is arranged under a conveying section (21) on which the preforms (3) can be moved to the applicator (41) of the heating device (40). Heating device (40) according to one of the preceding claims, furthermore comprising at least one waveguide (450) for guiding the microwave (46) from the microwave generator (400) to the applicator (41), wherein the at least one waveguide (450) is screwed to a part of the applicator (41) and is connected to another part of the applicator (41) with a coupling flange half (481, 482; 48A). Heating device (40) of claim 5, furthermore comprising a quick-release fastener (48) for connecting two waveguides (450) with interlocking flange halves (481, 482), and a fine adjustment (60) for adjusting the quick-release fastener (48), wherein the two waveguides (450) have recesses (480) in their flange (483; 484) into which the interlocking flange halves (481, 482) can be inserted, and wherein the fine adjustment (60) is arranged to finely adjust the two waveguides (45) to be connected. Heating device (40) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the applicator (41) has pull anchors (413) for quick locking of two applicator halves of the applicator (41), and / or replaceable strips (415) arranged on a wall (410C) of the applicator (41), on which two applicator halves of the applicator (41) are to be arranged to each other in order to lock the two applicator halves to each other. Heating device (40) according to claim 7, wherein the two applicator halves each have at least one functional element (411) that can be positioned laterally on the preform (3), and wherein only one applicator half has at least one applicator module (41E; 41F) that has a carrier element (4212) and at least one functional element (412) that can be positioned at the bottom of the preform (3). Heating device (40) according to one of the preceding claims, furthermore comprising a temperature control system (417) for temperature control of walls (410C) of the applicator (41) and microwave generator (400) and / or of components for guiding the microwave (46) between the microwave generator (400) and the applicator (41). Blowing machine (50) with a heating device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the microwave generator (400) and the applicator (41) are integrated into the blowing machine (50). Blow molding machine (50) according to claim 10, furthermore comprising a transport device (10) for feeding preforms to the heating device (40), wherein the transport device (10) is integrated into the blow molding machine (50). Container treatment plant (1), comprising a heating device (40) according to one of claims 1 to 9, and a blow molding machine (50) comprising at least one blow mold (51), for blowing the preform (3) heated with the heating device (40) into a container (2) for receiving a product.

Images