Device for configuring a bicycle based on individual riding behavior and biometric body characteristics, and method for determining the characteristics

Abstract

The invention relates to a bicycle simulator for configuring a bicycle based on the individual riding behavior and biometric body characteristics of a user of the bicycle, comprising a saddle guide 2 and a steering guide 3 for axial movement of the saddle 10 and steering 14, wherein the seat tube 19 is arranged in the saddle guide 2 and the steering tube 21 is arranged in the steering guide 3, and the saddle guide 2 and the steering guide 3 are designed such that the seat tube 19 and the steering tube 21 are each secured against rotation, further comprising a saddle displacement unit 12 and a steering displacement unit 16 for horizontal displacement of the saddle 10 and steering 14 relative to the seat tube 19 and the steering tube 21 respectively along the simulated direction of travel of the bicycle simulator, wherein the displacement units 12, 16 are each designed as motorized linear guide units.The invention also relates to a method for using this device.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a device for configuring a bicycle based on the determination of the individual riding behavior and biometric body characteristics of the bicycle user. The invention also relates to methods for determining the individual riding behavior and biometric body characteristics of a cyclist using the device.

[0002] It is generally known that the selection and / or configuration of a bicycle for cyclists who actively participate in cycling and sports is based on the individual cyclist's biometric characteristics to ensure optimal riding performance and improve athletic ability. Due to the high price of sports bicycles, it is common practice to determine the cyclist's biometric characteristics before purchasing one. Furthermore, every cyclist has specific habits and posture preferences while cycling that cannot be reflected solely in the bicycle's dimensions, but only through experience during test rides. However, the scope and number of test rides are limited and spaced out over time, making a direct comparison of different bicycles impossible.

[0003] The primary dimensions of a bicycle to consider are, as is well known, the seat tube length, the horizontally measured top tube length, the fork tube length, and the subsequent head tube length, which is measured to the point where the handlebars attach, sometimes also referred to as the "steerer tube" for this purpose. The head tube angle and seat tube angle, each measured from the fork or seat tube to the horizontal plane, are also essential characteristics of a bicycle, as are the reach, i.e., the horizontal distance between the center of the bottom bracket and the center of the head tube (i.e., the top of the head tube), and the stack, i.e., the vertical distance between the center of the bottom bracket and the top of the head tube. The ratio of stack to reach is a measure of the desired riding position and, consequently, of a more or less sporty riding style.A stack-to-reach ratio of less than 1.45 is considered necessary for a sporty riding position, as this allows the upper body to be held more aerodynamically than with a higher ratio. However, such a comparison depends significantly on the cyclist's body measurements, such as leg and torso length. Another important factor to consider is the individual stack value, which in turn depends on the inseam.

[0004] Determining the right bicycle begins with selecting the bicycle category, such as a cross bike as an all-rounder, a city bike or Dutch bike with an upright riding position and often a low step-through frame, a trekking bike for relaxed longer distances, a mountain bike for off-road riding and unpaved paths, or a road bike for sporty riding and long distances. Furthermore, the rider's body characteristics are also important for selecting the right bicycle type. Individual adjustments to the bicycle are then only possible within the limits of what is modifiable for the chosen bicycle type. To account for the rider's behavioral characteristics, biometric data is required, both at rest and while riding. Finally, even deviations of just a few millimeters in body measurements and the rider's individual posture can sometimes be considered to optimize the result.This is especially true for cyclists who cover long distances and use a racing bike or trekking bike.

[0005] From EP 3240480 A1, a system is known which comprises a bicycle simulator with handlebars, saddle, and crank arms. The saddle and crank arms are arranged vertically on a common rail. To adjust the simulator, the handlebars and saddle are movable relative to the crank arms on the rail. During use of the simulator, the positions of the user's body parts are automatically recorded. The data obtained in this way is used to manufacture customized bicycle parts. The bicycle simulator serves for the individual customization of bicycle parts but is very complex and expensive.Furthermore, the behavioral characteristics already acquired cannot be determined realistically, as the simulator's design is not comparable to that of a real bicycle, particularly the steering and seat angles, which have a significant influence on the user's posture and, consequently, on the force applied to the pedals and the steering mechanism. The latter is referred to as the steering mechanism by experts and in the following description. With such simulators, modifications are typically required if a different bicycle type is desired, provided the simulator supports this. However, these modifications always require the user to dismount, thus limiting a direct comparison.

[0006] There is therefore a need for a device that approximates the real design of a bicycle and thus allows the biometric body characteristics and personal behavioral characteristics of the user to be determined realistically, so that these can be used as a basis for the configuration and / or selection of a bicycle, especially for the purpose of purchase.

[0007] It is further desirable to determine these values ​​for different dimensions, also at high resolution. Accuracy in absolute terms and in symmetry, down to a few millimeters, is desirable.

[0008] Furthermore, there is a need for a stationary bicycle simulator, hereinafter referred to simply as a bicycle simulator, which allows for a direct comparison of the handling characteristics of various bicycles, including different bicycle types. There is also a need for a method that, using such a bicycle simulator, allows for the determination of a bicycle's parameters that correspond to the user's biometric body characteristics and personal behavioral characteristics, and, based on this, the selection of a bicycle that possesses these parameters or at least closely matches them. It is also desirable that the selected bicycle be available at that time or at least within a timeframe acceptable to the user.

[0009] The task is solved on the device side by a stationary bicycle simulator, which has the following basic components: - a main frame formed by a tubular saddle guide, a tubular steering guide and a longitudinal beam, which connects the saddle guide and the steering guide by forming a low entry point of the bicycle simulator, - wherein a seat tube is arranged in the saddle guide tube of the saddle guide and a steering tube is arranged in the steering guide tube of the steering guide, which are each axially movable in the saddle guide tube of the saddle guide and in the steering guide tube of the steering guide and can be fixed in a defined position, - a front and a rear support leg, which are mounted on the main frame, - a pedal crank which is arranged on the longitudinal frame to operate the bicycle simulator, and which is in operative connection with a drive unit of the bicycle simulator, - wherein the saddle guide and the steering guide are designed in such a way that the seat tube and the head tube are each secured against rotation, - a saddle unit comprising a saddle and a saddle shifting unit and designed to horizontally shift the saddle relative to the seat tube along the simulated direction of travel of the bicycle simulator, - a control unit comprising a steering unit and a steering displacement unit and configured to horizontally displace the steering unit relative to the steering tube along the simulated direction of travel of the bicycle simulator, - wherein the respective sliding unit is mounted on the seat tube or on the head tube, - wherein the displacement units are each designed as motorized linear guide units, hereinafter also referred to as linear drives, and - a control unit, trained and configured to capture and / or store position data of the seat tube and head tube, the saddle and the steering, to control the motors of the linear guide units and to store data of the bicycle geometry of existing bicycles.

[0010] The terms rear and front, as well as width and length, refer to the simulated direction of travel of the stationary bicycle simulator.

[0011] The terms horizontal and vertical refer, according to their usual usage, to global gravity. Unless otherwise described or required by the function of the component in question, they may include deviations of a few degrees, preferably less than 5°.

[0012] The following section describes jointly corresponding or analogous components and properties relating to the mounting and / or movement of the saddle and the handlebars. The connection between the components and properties and the saddle or handlebars is established by the adverb "or," which is placed between the elements of multi-part statements when they refer to different previously mentioned nouns. In this usage, "or" cannot be replaced by the adverb "or" without altering the meaning of the respective reference.

[0013] The main frame is the central element, connecting the essential components and absorbing forces. It supports the saddle and steering unit, as well as the crankset with its chainring or pulley. Furthermore, feet are mounted to the main frame, either directly or via suitable mounting elements. These feet replace the front and rear wheels of a bicycle and hold the bicycle simulator in its upright position, even during use. To make the bicycle simulator more similar in appearance to a real bicycle and to save material, the feet can be designed, for example, as struts, swing arms, or other shapes. Such a design allows for a lighter, more delicate construction that is more comparable to a real bicycle than the bicycle simulators known from the prior art and thus conveys a better impression of real cycling.

[0014] The main frame comprises the saddle guide and the steering guide, connecting them via a longitudinal beam. This beam connects the saddle guide and the steering guide in their lower section, maintaining a distance from their lower ends and featuring a substantially horizontal upper edge. This creates a low step-through design for the bicycle simulator, facilitating mounting and dismounting, a feature commonly found on various bicycles.

[0015] The seat tube is tilted rearward by a single-digit angle from the vertical, and / or the steering tube is tilted forward by a single-digit angle from the vertical. The tilt angle is the angle between the top edge of the frame tube and the axis of the seat tube or the axis of the steering tube. The tilt angle for the seat tube and steering tube can be the same or different. The absolute value of the tilt angle, i.e., independent of the tilt direction (forward or rearward), is in the single-digit range, i.e., in the range of greater than 0° to less than 10°, preferably in the range of 2° to 9°, more preferably in the range of 4° to 8°, and more preferably in the range of 5° to 7°. The oppositely directed tilt angles of the seat tube and steering tube can be the same or different.

[0016] Similarly, deviations from a horizontal position of the longitudinal frame are also included by the term "essentially," provided they do not impair the function and stability of the bicycle simulator, stably connect the saddle and steering guides, and offer sufficient space below the longitudinal frame for the integration of further components described below, such as the motors and gearboxes of the saddle and / or steering guides. These components can preferably be installed with a width smaller than the distance between the two crank arms, so that the usual operation and function of the crank arm and chainring or pulley is not obstructed. Inclinations of the upper edge of the longitudinal frame from the horizontal position of up to 10° are possible, depending on the height of the step-through frame.

[0017] The crankset, including the chainring or pulley, is mounted on the frame tube in a position that simulates the usual use of a bicycle. The chainring or pulley is connected to a drive unit. The drive unit is positioned relative to the crankset in a way that mimics that of a real bicycle. It can, for example, be mounted on the rear stand. The connection to the drive unit is, as is well known on bicycles, achieved by means of a belt or chain and includes a single sprocket or a cassette comprising several gears, and the derailleur.

[0018] The saddle guide and steering guide can be constructed in essentially the same way. They are tubular and accommodate the steering tube or the seat tube, respectively, so that both are axially movable for adjusting the height of the steering or the saddle. According to the invention, both guides are designed such that the tubes moving within them are secured against rotation relative to the associated guide. It is advantageous if rotations of the guide and tube relative to each other are less than 1 mm. This can be achieved in various ways, for example, by having cross-sections of the guide and the associated tube that are corresponding and, for example, deviate from a circle. Both tubes can be rotationally symmetrical, for example, triangular or rectangular. They can be parallel to the axis of the guide and have projections arranged at least in sections in one component, with corresponding grooves in the second component.Alternatively, at least one component can be added that engages with one or both components, allowing only axial relative movement. Other designs to prevent unwanted rotation relative to each other are also possible.

[0019] The bicycle simulator further comprises a saddle unit and a control unit, which hold the saddle and handlebars, respectively. These units are designed by means of a saddle adjustment unit and a handlebar adjustment unit to move the saddle and handlebars horizontally and seemingly along the simulated direction of travel of the bicycle simulator, so that the distance between the saddle and handlebars, also referred to as the top tube length, can be modified in both directions. The saddle adjustment unit is mounted at the top of the seat tube, and analogously, the handlebar adjustment unit is mounted at the head tube. Both adjustment units operate independently of each other. The desired horizontal movement of the saddle and handlebars preferably deviates from the horizontal only within the tolerances customary in mechanical engineering, preferably less than 3°, more preferably less than 2°, and more preferably less than 1°.

[0020] Both displacement units can each be designed as a linear drive, i.e., as a motorized linear guide unit. Linear guide units are generally known as mechanical guide elements designed to move a first, movable component, here the saddle or handlebar, translationally along a straight line relative to a second, stationary component, here the seat tube or head tube. Various bearings for the movable component are known and applicable to the bicycle simulator, for example, linear sliding bearings, radial sliding bearings, bearings using rolling elements such as rolling balls, and correspondingly various stationary components such as rails, shafts, threaded spindles with different thread types such as flat threads, trapezoidal threads, threads of ball screws, and others.The selection of the bearing guide is based in particular on the load to be moved and the desired positioning precision. For the bicycle simulator according to the invention, a load, based on general bicycle specifications, in the range of up to 150 kg is assumed. With the bicycle simulator according to the invention, the horizontal or vertical position to be approached by a linear guide unit can be set with a maximum accuracy of 1 mm. For these requirements, it is advantageous that both motors realize horizontal movements.

[0021] Motorized linear guide units are a type of drive that converts the rotary motion of a motor into linear, i.e., straight-line, movements achievable by the linear guide unit. Linear drives are suitable for all types of applications requiring tilting, lifting, pulling, or pushing movements with a certain force. Electric linear drives are often the preferred solution when, as in the case of the invention, a simple and precise movement is required that can be controlled accurately and uniformly, and when loads in the aforementioned range up to 150 kg need to be moved. A further advantage is the wide range of achievable linear speeds, which for the bicycle simulator should be in the range of a few mm / s, for example, in the single-digit millimeter range per second.Both parameters, load and linear speed, are preferably configured so that the linear movement can be carried out by one person during use of the bicycle simulator without interrupting the operation of the pedal crank or even dismounting from the bicycle simulator.

[0022] Electric linear actuators have the further advantage of being available for a wide variety of requirements and capable of realizing different motion profiles depending on the type. It is advantageous for the invention to use an electric motor whose control system already incorporates certain properties, such as the ability to vary the speed in small increments, provide position feedback of the moving component to the control unit of the bicycle simulator, allow for the setting of virtual start and limit positions, support for soft start and soft stop (i.e., the speed increases steadily from the start to the desired value), enable current limiting, and allow for influencing other parameters during use by the cyclist.Closed-loop stepper motors have proven advantageous, offering several of the previously described characteristics and enabling the slow and highly precise movement of loads. The ability to calibrate is also beneficial, ensuring that the set position can always be determined and resumed, even after a system shutdown or crash. The bicycle simulator can therefore incorporate calibration switches at fixed end and / or start positions for preferred or all lengths of the saddle and handlebars to be moved, particularly for the height of the saddle and handlebars, as well as for the horizontal distance of the handlebars and saddle to a reference point.

[0023] The bicycle simulator also includes a control unit, which serves to acquire, store, and utilize various parameters of the bicycle simulator before, during, and after operation. For this purpose, it is communicatively and functionally connected to motors and other components of the linear guide units, optionally to additional sensors of the bicycle simulator, and to a storage unit. The storage unit is also designed to store data from the bicycle simulator and data known or acquired during its use. Known data primarily concerns bicycle geometries from listed manufacturers who provide their data for this purpose, differentiated by category, frame type, model, size, and other criteria. The bicycle geometries include, in particular, the values ​​for stem length, reach, head angle, and other dimensions.

[0024] In a preferred embodiment, at least one of the components, saddle guide and steering guide, preferably both components, also includes a linear guide unit, preferably a linear drive as described above. By means of the at least one linear guide unit, axial displacement of the seat tube or the steering tube can be achieved within the saddle guide tube or the steering guide tube, respectively, to adjust the height of the saddle and the steering to the respective user of the bicycle simulator. This apparently requires axial displacement in both directions.

[0025] In a further embodiment, the saddle-shifting unit and / or the steering unit each comprise a horizontally displaceable carriage as a movable component of the respective linear guide and is moved by means of a suitable motor as described below. The motor is preferably arranged at one end of the carriage. The carriage holds the saddle or the steering unit and allows it to be moved and held in the horizontal direction into positions relative to the crank arm and to each other that are suitable for use with the bicycle simulator.

[0026] Due to their function and design as linear guides, both sliding units have an elongated shape, their length being significantly greater than their width. For easier access to the bicycle simulator and trouble-free operation of the saddle and steering unit sliding units, at least one of these units, preferably both, is mounted on the upper end of the seat tube and / or the upper end of the head tube in such a way that the end of the sliding unit containing the motor forms a longer cantilever arm than the opposite end. That is, the motor unit is located at the rear of the saddle sliding unit (viewed from the simulator's direction of travel) and at the front of the steering unit sliding unit, so that the cantilever arm of the saddle sliding unit projects rearward and the cantilever arm of the steering unit projects forward.

[0027] The linear guide units described above preferably use the same principle for the horizontal displacement of the saddle or the control unit and preferably have identical or at least comparable functional components. However, different embodiments are possible, provided they allow the respective displacement to be realized as a linear guide in the manner described below, with the described displacement length and displacement accuracy. The detailed description below is based on the control unit. Its design and function are transferable to the saddle unit, but with the mirrored arrangement of the motor units described above.

[0028] The horizontal drive of the saddle or handlebars is powered by a horizontally mounted threaded spindle, which is rotatable in both directions, preferably by an electric motor. A threaded nut is located on the threaded spindle, the thread of which is matched to that of the spindle. Optionally, the threads are adapted to contact elements of the threaded nut, which are arranged to reduce friction within the nut. Such spindle drives are known to those skilled in the art, who can therefore utilize the advantageous embodiment suitable for use in the bicycle simulator according to the invention. The saddle or handlebars are mounted on the threaded nut, so that the rotation of the threaded spindle causes the movement of the saddle or handlebars along the spindle, depending on the direction of rotation, in one of the two horizontal directions. The threaded spindle is typically mounted using a fixed-loose bearing arrangement.The spindle drive can be enclosed by a housing that surrounds the threaded spindle and is connected to the motor block of the drive. The top of the housing appears to remain open in the area of ​​the saddle or control and may be designed to guide the saddle or control mounting in a straight line.

[0029] The motor is connected to the threaded spindle via a suitable gearbox to rotate it. Various gearboxes suitable for this application are known to those skilled in the art, such as gear drives, toothed belt drives, or chain drives. They will select a suitable type and gear ratio with the appropriate configuration, according to the desired displacement speed, the required load, and the motor used. The precision of the movement can be further increased if the gear and / or pinion of the gearbox are manufactured using 3D printing, preferably from a wear-resistant plastic. Furthermore, the housing of the respective displacement unit can be closed at the free end of the spindle and have an end stop, which can be designed as an end-point switch, for automatic limitation of the movement.

[0030] In further embodiments, the seat tube guide and / or steering guide are designed such that the axial movements of the seat tube or steering tube are stabilized by means of guide elements, thus ensuring precise movement and positioning of the seat tube or steering tube guided in the seat tube guide or steering tube guide. Preferably, two guide elements are used for each tube: one at the lower end of the respective tube and one at the upper end of the associated guide, where the tube projects from the guide. Due to the use of two spaced-apart guide elements for both the axial movement of the seat tube and the axial movement of the steering tube, precise linear movement of the respective tube is possible.

[0031] The lower guide stabilizes the axial position of the lower end of the seat tube or head tube within the respective guide. It can encompass the entire circumference of the seat tube or head tube or a section thereof, bridging the gap between the tube and the guide. For this purpose, it preferably exhibits low coefficients of friction, high abrasion resistance, and good dimensional stability. The upper guide of the seat tube and head tube seals the gap between the respective outer guide tube and the seat tube or head tube guided within it. Since it rests against both tubes, it also forms a linear guide for the seat tube or head tube. Optionally, both guides can act in opposite directions with respect to the axis of their respective guides. High wear resistance is also advantageous for the upper guide, enabling it to withstand the high edge loads expected at this location.Self-lubricating properties are also advantageous. Furthermore, such upper guide elements can also incorporate a limit switch, as described for the sliding units.

[0032] In another embodiment, the bicycle simulator's stand is designed to essentially replicate the front and rear wheels by being constructed in two parts. It has a front foot and a separate rear foot, each with four struts extending obliquely forward and backward, respectively, mirroring the front fork and seat stay. For lateral stabilization, all struts of the stand also extend laterally, with the two front struts and two rear struts on each side connected by a base. The latter each form a horizontal standing surface that slopes outward relative to the main frame. The front and rear feet are mounted to the main frame, for example, the front foot at least partially on the head tube and / or the rear foot at least partially on the seat tube.The base exhibits high stability, both statically and dynamically, for example when the user of the bicycle simulator pedals with high force, thereby triggering possible vibrations or pendulum movements.

[0033] The task is solved procedurally using the bicycle simulator described above, by carrying out the following procedural steps one after the other: - Setting the horizontal and vertical initial positions of the saddle and handlebars of the bicycle simulator based on the user's biometric body characteristics; - User's reference ride with the bicycle simulator; - Determining the change for at least one position from the following list: Vertical position of the saddle, horizontal position of the saddle, vertical stack position of the handlebars, horizontal reach position of the handlebars based on the individual riding characteristics determined in a reference ride and / or based on the biometric body characteristics; - Execution of the defined position changes during the use of the bicycle simulator by means of the linear drives of saddle guide, saddle shifting unit, steering guide and steering shifting unit; - Continuation or simple or multiple repetitions of the user's reference ride and determination of the change to at least one of the currently existing positions of the saddle and handlebars and changing the position until the bicycle geometry suitable for the user is reached (absolute and relative positions of saddle and handlebars); - Configuration or selection of a bicycle by comparing the determined bicycle geometry with the bicycles stored in the control unit of the bicycle simulator.

[0034] The initial position setting can vary depending on the user's preferences, but is preferably based on the user's biometric characteristics. These can be easily determined using standard methods. Optionally, they can be provided by the user or already be available in the database. Based on this information, an initial assessment of the bicycle geometry for the desired bicycle category can be made, and the initial positions can be set. Aligning these positions with the user's preferences, riding style, and body characteristics allows for a usable result to be obtained during the first subsequent reference ride with the bicycle simulator.

[0035] During the reference ride, adjustments to the saddle and handlebar positions, and consequently the reach and stack values, can be determined based on the user's experience and / or the assessment of an external expert. These adjustments can then be modified using the control unit that manages the linear actuators. As previously described, these position changes can be made during the reference ride or during a break. If a break occurs, the user may, but is not required to, leave the bicycle simulator.

[0036] The positional changes of the saddle and / or handlebars relate in particular to the vertical and horizontal positions of the saddle, as well as the vertical and horizontal positions of the handlebars. The latter two positions can be adjusted directly, as with the saddle. However, since the user's preferred riding position, determined by the stack-to-reach ratio, significantly influences riding style, it is advantageous for configuring or selecting a bicycle using the inventive method to link the vertical and horizontal handlebar positions to the individual stack-to-reach ratio ("STR") and to take this into account when calculating the changed handlebar position. The linking of the handlebar positions to the individual STR ratio is subsequently also referred to as the vertical stack position of the handlebars and the horizontal reach position of the handlebars, respectively.The names and relationships of the data of a bicycle are explained below using a figure.

[0037] This loop, comprising a reference ride and adjustments to the saddle and handlebar positions, can be repeated until the user finds the optimal setting for the bicycle simulator based on their individual riding style and biometric characteristics. Using these values, the user can then identify and select their optimized bicycle from the simulator's data pool. Optionally, they can also configure a previously selected bicycle, i.e., make modifications to it.

[0038] With suitable control and calibration of the measurement system and appropriate linear actuators, changes to the positions of the saddle and control can be made directly. Due to the often multiple successive and sequential steps, it is advantageous, according to one embodiment of the method, to determine the travel distance of each linear actuator based on the revolutions of each motor. This determination is based on the trigonometric relationships between the saddle and control, as well as the parameters of the motor and gearbox. The gearbox's transmission ratio and the thread pitch of the lead screw are particularly important to consider.

[0039] According to a further embodiment of the method according to the invention, the biometric data of the user of the bicycle simulator and / or the bicycle geometry of an existing bicycle belonging to the user can be determined before the initial positions are set and used as the basis for setting the initial positions. Both data, individually or together, can shorten the process, since the preferred initial positions are objectively known with both variants. This also includes the possibility that this data can be modified when setting the initial positions, for example, if the user aims to change their riding style.

[0040] In summary, the invention provides a stationary bicycle simulator which, due to its various adjustment options, is capable of simulating a multitude of bicycle geometries to allow the cyclist to experience them firsthand. Furthermore, changing the bicycle geometry is possible even during use, particularly while riding the simulator, enabling the user to directly compare the modifications. The combination of separate horizontal adjustment of the saddle and handlebars via their motorized sliding units, along with the corresponding vertical adjustment of both, forms the basis for the wide range of possible settings.The use of motorized linear guide units for the saddle and handlebars, along with the previously described guides for the saddle and seat tube as well as the handlebars and head tube, combined with software-based control of all position changes, forms the basis for the high precision of the adjustments. This, in turn, allows the use of a very comprehensive database with parameters from a wide variety of bicycle manufacturers and their variability, as well as the incorporation of data from customer bicycles that are to be replaced, for example. Furthermore, the design more closely approximates the appearance and size of a real bicycle than conventional bicycle simulators, thus providing a more realistic riding experience without compromising stability.

[0041] From a procedural standpoint, the bicycle simulator allows for extensive modification of the bicycle geometries and thus the simulation itself, while the user is seated on and operating the simulator. This significantly shortens the process and enables immediate comparison. Furthermore, thanks to the data pool provided by the control unit, the geometries of a very large number of bicycles supplied by available bicycle manufacturers can be accessed.

[0042] The accompanying drawings serve to clarify, but not limit, the features described above by way of example. A person skilled in the art would combine the features previously implemented in the various embodiments of the invention and subsequently in the exemplary embodiment in further embodiments and make structural or logical changes as appropriate and useful as they see fit. The following detailed description of exemplary embodiments should therefore not be interpreted as limiting. Rather, the scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims.

[0043] The drawings for the exemplary embodiment show in Fig. 1. A representation of professional bicycle geometry, Fig. 2A an embodiment of a bicycle simulator according to the invention in side view, Fig. 2B a front view of the bicycle simulator according to the invention Fig. 2A, Fig. 3. A design of the drives for the saddle and steering guidance of the bicycle simulator according to Fig. 1 in sectional view, and Fig. 4. A design of the drive of the control-shifting unit of the bicycle simulator according to Fig. 1.

[0044] The drawings show the device only schematically to the extent necessary to explain the invention. They make no claim to completeness or to scale. Identical or similar elements in the figures are designated with identical reference numerals where appropriate.

[0045] In Fig. 1. To facilitate a better understanding of the invention description, some of the technical terms used will first be explained using a schematic representation of a bicycle. It should be noted that some of the terms in Fig. 1. The components of the bicycle shown for the bicycle simulator are not available or not available in the form shown. Fig. 1. usable or not necessary or modified.

[0046] The central, essentially triangular frame of the bicycle in Fig. Frame 1 is formed by the down tube U, the top tube O, and the seat tube A. In other bicycle categories, the top tube O may have a different shape. For example, it may attach to a lower point on the seat tube to allow for a lower step-through (not shown) or step-through (not shown) on the bicycle. The seat tube X is axially adjustable within the seat tube A, allowing the saddle position to be changed. The front wheel (FR) is held by the fork (I), and the rear wheel (HR) by the chainstay (Y) and the seat stay (W), both of which attach to the triangular frame and meet at the rear wheel hub (HR). The handlebars (Z) are supported by a stem (V). The direction of travel (indicated by an arrow) is logically determined by the arrangement of the saddle and handlebars and is shown with an arrow for completeness.

[0047] The key value for body size and riding posture, i.e., in particular how sporty the riding style, is the seat posture ratio (STR). This is calculated as the ratio of stack (S) to reach (R): STR=S / R

[0048] Where the stack S is the vertical distance between the upper end of the steering head axis, in Fig. 1 marked with L, and the axle of the bottom bracket, in Fig. 1 is designated as T. Reach is the horizontal distance between L and the bottom bracket axle. The stack S depends primarily on the cyclist's inseam. The reach R value influences the cyclist's upright riding position.

[0049] In Fig. Figure 2A shows a side view of an embodiment of the bicycle simulator according to the invention, comprising a main frame 1, a saddle guide 2, a steering guide 3, a saddle unit 9, a control unit 13, two support feet, the front support foot 5 and the rear support foot 6 and a control unit 23.

[0050] The main frame 1 is formed from the saddle guide 2, the steering guide 3, and the longitudinal tube 4. While the longitudinal tube 4 is arranged horizontally, the saddle guide 2 is located at the front end and the steering guide 3 at the rear end of the longitudinal tube 4, inclined backwards and forwards respectively from a vertical position, so that the resulting U-shaped entry E widens upwards. The saddle guide 2 and steering guide 3 extend downwards beyond the longitudinal tube 4, so that the main frame 1 takes on an approximately H-shaped form. The crank arm 7 is mounted on the longitudinal tube 4.

[0051] The saddle guide 2 and the control guide 3 comprise the saddle guide tube 18 with the saddle tube 19 arranged therein, respectively, and the control guide tube 20 with the control tube 21 arranged therein, as well as the respective associated linear drives 30 ( Fig. 3) Details regarding the construction and operation of both guides are to be provided below. Fig. 3 can be seen.

[0052] The saddle unit 9 is mounted on the seat tube head 11 and comprises the saddle 10 and the saddle displacement unit 12, which positions the saddle 10 horizontally and for this purpose uses a linear drive 30 ( Fig. 4) comprises. The control unit 13 is mounted on the control tube head 15 and comprises the control 14 and the control displacement unit 16, which positions the control 14 horizontally and for this purpose includes a linear actuator 30 ( Fig. 4) includes. Details regarding the design and operation of both guides are to be provided. Fig. 4 can be seen.

[0053] A front support leg 5 is mounted at the front of the main frame 1. The front support leg 5 is made in two parts: a right part 5.1 and an identical left part 5.2, which are mounted on either side of the main frame 1. Both parts 5.1 and 5.2 are mounted on the upper part of the steering guide tube 17 and on the longitudinal beam 4 and are connected to each other at the front of the support leg 5 by means of a cross-connection 39 to increase the stability of the bicycle simulator.

[0054] A rear support leg 6 is mounted at the rear of the main frame 1. This leg is also designed in two parts, with a lower part 6.1 and an upper part 6.2. The lower part 6.1 has the rearward and outwardly projecting support surfaces 29 and carries the drive unit 8 of the bicycle simulator. In the exemplary embodiment, the drive unit 8 comprises a cassette 8.1, which includes several gears (not shown), and a modified derailleur (not shown). The connection to the crank arm 7 is made by means of a chain (not shown). The upper part 6.2 of the rear support leg 6 connects the drive unit 8 to the seat guide tube 18. This part 6.2 is designed, by way of example, in the form of a double, double-sided swing arm. The two components of the swing arm 6...2 each form a triangle in conjunction with the saddle guide tube 18, of which two of its corners are designed as a connection to the saddle guide tube 18 and the third corner as a connection to the drive unit 8.

[0055] The front and rear support feet 5, 6 are designed to ensure stability. In particular, they are intended to prevent the bicycle simulator from tipping sideways, as well as from shifting or even tipping in or against the direction of travel (indicated by an arrow), for example, as a result of a strong push during use. For this purpose, both support feet 5, 6 are designed and mounted such that each support foot 5, 6 has two contact surfaces 29, one to the right and one to the left of the main frame 1, which extend outwards and forwards (front support foot, Fig. 2B) or backwards (rear stand).

[0056] In Fig. Figure 2B shows the bicycle simulator in a perspective front view, so that the lateral dimensions of both support legs 5 and 6 are visible. The view, labeled from front to back, focuses on the right part 5.1 and the left part 5.2 of the front support leg 5, the steering-shifting unit 16 with its steering 14, the steering guide 3 with its steering guide tube 20, its upper guide element 22 and the steering tube 21, the crank arm 7, the housing 33 which covers the linear drives (not shown) of the steering guide 3 and saddle guide (not shown), the saddle 10, and the lower part 6.1 of the rear support leg. The lateral dimensions of the individual components, especially the support legs 5 and 6, are visible in comparison to the components operated by the user.

[0057] Returning to Fig. Figure 2A shows the saddle guide 2 and the steering guide 3. These are designed for vertical adjustment of the positions of the saddle 10 and the steering 14, respectively. For this purpose, the seat tube 19, located in the saddle guide tube 18, and the steering tube 21, located in the steering guide tube 20, are axially displaceable. To execute the displacement, two linear actuators (not shown) are integrated below the longitudinal frame 4 in the space between the two guide tubes 18 and 20, one for the saddle guide 2 and one for the steering guide 3. The linear actuators are integrated with a width that is less than the distance between the two crank arms 7. The linear actuators are covered by a housing 33.

[0058] The upper closure of the seat tube 18 and the steering tube 20 each forms a clamp 22, which closes a gap between the two tubes and, due to its sliding properties, serves as an upper guide 22 for the seat tube 19 or steering tube 21, which is movable relative to the respective guide tube 18, 20. The upper guide 22 can optionally include a limit switch (not shown) to limit the axial movement of the seat tube 19 or steering tube 21.

[0059] A sliding unit 12, 16 is arranged on the seat tube head 11 and the head tube head 15, respectively. The sliding units 12, 16 hold the saddle 11 and the headset 14, respectively, and are designed for the horizontal displacement of the saddle 10 and the headset 14. The design of the sliding units 12, 16 is shown in the figure below. Fig. 4 explained in more detail. Saddle 11 and handlebar 14 can be mounted in a detachable and swiveling manner, as is generally known from bicycles.

[0060] The bicycle simulator further includes a control unit 23, which is designed to control the linear drives (not shown) and is communicatively, optionally wirelessly, connected to them, as well as for recording and setting the position values ​​used during rides with the bicycle simulator. The control unit further includes a storage unit (not shown) for storing at least the positions set for one user, data from bicycles of different categories and manufacturers, such as... Fig. 1 described. Alternatively or additionally, the control unit accesses an external memory.

[0061] Fig. Figure 3 shows a detailed view of the linear drives 30 of the saddle guide 2 (left) and the control guide 3 (right). These are designed analogously, but are configured differently due to differing motion requirements, particularly the different loads. Each linear drive comprises an electric motor 31, preferably a closed-loop stepper motor, which rotates a threaded spindle 25 via a gearbox 32. The stepper motor is selected for the motion sequences described above and the requirements of the bicycle simulator, especially with regard to load, speed, displacement length, start-up and stop behavior, and other factors. It can be selected uniformly for both guides or have different parameters. The same applies to the spindle drive.

[0062] Both gearboxes 32 each comprise two gears, one connected to the motor 31 and one to the gearbox 32. Both gearboxes implement different gear ratios, which are matched to the respective motor 31 and the associated threaded spindle 25. The seat tube 19 and the steering tube 21 are each mechanically connected to the spindle nut (not shown) of the respective spindle drive such that the steering tube 21 and the seat tube 19 are moved linearly in both directions (indicated by double arrows) as a result of the rotation of the threaded spindle 25 and the spindle nut running on the threaded spindle 25.

[0063] The seat tube 19 and, similarly, the head tube 21 are secured against rotation within the seat guide tube 18 and the head guide tube 20, respectively, by means of a corresponding axially parallel connection of two profiles: a circular-section tube profile 36 and a U-profile 37. These profiles apparently each have cross-sections such that the two tubes of the seat guide 2 and the head guide 3 can be arranged within each other and are axially movable relative to one another. At the lower end of the seat tube 19, a guide element 22, here in the form of a sliding pad 22, is provided, which supports the seat tube 19 on one side against the associated seat guide tube 18. A similar sliding pad 22 is arranged analogously on the head guide tube 21.

[0064] Fig. Figure 4 shows an embodiment of a control-shifting unit 16, which in the exemplary embodiment is also used analogously for the saddle-shifting unit 12, in that the control 14, including its holder 38 (here designed as a quick-release fastener), is replaced by the saddle 10 and a suitable holder 38. Saddle holders are sufficiently familiar to those skilled in the art, depending on the design of the saddle. Alternatively, they can use a similar quick-release fastener adapted to the saddle holder. The following description is applicable accordingly to the saddle-shifting unit 12.

[0065] The control-shift unit 16 comprises a slide 17 formed by a spindle nut 26, which is linearly movable on a threaded spindle 25 as a result of its rotation, as previously described for the control and saddle guide 2, 3. The control 14 with the aforementioned quick-release fastener 38 is mounted on the spindle nut 26. The threaded spindle 25 and spindle nut 26 are enclosed on three sides by a U-shaped, first housing 33. At one end of the housing 33, an electric motor 31 is connected to the threaded spindle 25 via a gearbox 32, so that the motor rotates the threaded spindle 25 and consequently moves the slide 17 and with it the control 14 along the threaded spindle 25. Depending on the direction of rotation, the slide 17 is moved towards the gearbox 32 or away from it (indicated by a double arrow).Here too, and accordingly also for the saddle shifting unit (not shown), the parameters of the motor 30 and the gearbox 32 as well as the threaded spindle 25 are adapted to the desired motion profile and the moving loads.

[0066] Motor 31 and gearbox 32 are arranged in a further housing 33, which closes off the U-shaped first housing 33, comprising the spindle nut 26 and threaded spindle 25, on one side. The second end of said first housing 33 has a closure, which is designed as a floating bearing for the threaded spindle 25 and as a limit switch 24 for the movement of the threaded nut 26.

[0067] The steering-shifting unit 16 is mounted on the head tube 15 of the head tube 19 such that the threaded spindle 25 is arranged horizontally, as previously described in relation to the invention. Furthermore, the first U-shaped housing 33, with the end encompassing the motor-gearbox block, cantilevers significantly further beyond the head tube 19 than the opposite end, thus providing a relatively large range of motion. The same applies to the seat-shifting unit (not shown), which is mounted on the seat tube head (not shown) of the seat tube (not shown). In addition to the horizontal arrangement, the motor-gearbox block, mounted on the longer cantilever arm, is also mounted on the side facing away from the entry point E, allowing for a relatively large range of motion without obstructing entry E onto the bicycle simulator, as shown in Fig. 2A is shown. Reference symbol list E Entry A seat tube U-shaped down tube ◯ Top tube C control angle D Seat angle G wheelbase VR front wheel Rear wheel I Fork L head tube S Stack R Reach STR Quotient Sitting Posture V stem W seat strut X seat tube Y chainstay Z tax 1 Main frame 2 Saddle guide 3 Tax Management 4 longitudinal beam 5 Front support foot 5.1, 5.2 right part, left part of the front support leg 6 Rear support leg 6.1, 6.2 lower part, upper part (swing), of the rear support leg 7 Crankset 8 Drive unit 8.1 Cassette 9 saddle unit 10 saddles 11 Seat tube head 12 Saddle shifting unit 13 Control unit 14 Tax 15 Head tube 16 Control shift unit 17 sleds 18 saddle guide tube 19 seat tube 20 Control guide tube 21 Head tube 22 Guide elements, clamp, sliding pad 23 Control unit 24 limit switches 25 threaded spindle 26 Spindle nut 29 booth space 30 Linear actuator 31 Engine 32 gearboxes 33 cases 34 spindle pins 36 pipe profile 37 U-profile 38 bracket, quick-release fastener 39 Cross connection QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

[0000] This list of documents cited by the applicant was automatically generated and is included solely for the reader's convenience. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA accepts no liability for any errors or omissions. Cited patent literature

[0000] EP 3240480 A1

[0005]

Claims

[1] Device for configuring a bicycle based on the determination of individual riding behavior and biometric body characteristics of its user, hereinafter referred to as a bicycle simulator, comprising the following components: - a main frame (1) formed by a tubular saddle guide (2), a tubular steering guide (3) and a longitudinal beam (4) which connects the saddle guide (2) and the steering guide (3) to each other, forming a low entry point for the bicycle simulator, - wherein a seat tube (19) is arranged in the saddle guide tube (18) of the saddle guide (2) and a steering tube (21) is arranged in the steering guide tube (20) of the steering guide (3), which are each axially movable in the saddle guide tube (18) and steering guide tube (20) respectively and can be fixed in a defined position, - a front support leg (5) and a rear support leg (6) which are mounted on the main frame (1), - a pedal crank (7) which is arranged on the longitudinal beam (4) to operate the bicycle simulator and which is in operative connection with a drive unit of the bicycle simulator, - wherein the saddle guide (2) and the steering guide (3) are designed such that the seat tube (19) and the steering tube (21) are each secured against rotation, - a saddle unit (9) comprising a saddle (10) and a saddle displacement unit (12) and configured for horizontal displacement of the saddle (10) relative to the saddle tube (19)r along the simulated direction of travel of the bicycle simulator, - a control unit (13) comprising a steering (14) and a steering displacement unit (16) and configured for the horizontal displacement of the steering (14) relative to the steering tube (21) along the simulated direction of travel of the bicycle simulator, - wherein the respective shifting unit (12, 16) is mounted on the seat tube head (11) or on the head tube head (15), - wherein the displacement units (12, 16) are each designed as motorized linear guide units, hereinafter also referred to as linear drives (30), and - a control unit (23), designed and configured to acquire and / or store position data of the seat tube (19) and steering tube (21), the saddle (14) and the steering (10), to control the motors of the linear guide units and to store data of the bicycle geometry of existing bicycles. [2] Device for configuring a bicycle according to claim 1, characterized by , that the cross-section of the seat tube (19) and / or the head tube (21) has a cross-section that deviates from the circle at least in sections, with which the seat guide (2) and the head guide (3) correspond at least in sections. [3] Device for configuring a bicycle according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by , that at least one of the components saddle guide (2) and steering guide (3) comprises a linear drive (30) for axial displacement of the seat tube (19) or the steering tube (21) in the saddle guide tube (18) or steering guide tube (20). [4] Device for configuring a bicycle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the control displacement unit (16) and / or the saddle displacement unit (12) each comprise a horizontally displaceable carriage (17) as a movable component of the linear guide unit. [5] Device for configuring a bicycle according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by, that at least one of the linear drives (30) comprises a spindle drive with threaded spindle (25), a motor (31) driving the threaded spindle (25) in both directions of rotation and a gearbox (32) coupling the motor (31) and threaded spindle (25), wherein the component to be displaced is arranged on the spindle nut (26) of the spindle drive such that a displacement occurs as a result of the rotation of the threaded spindle (25). [6] Device for configuring a bicycle according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the saddle guide (3) and / or the steering guide (2) has a guide means (22) for stabilizing the axial movement of the seat tube (21) or steering tube (19), which is designed and arranged in the saddle guide tube (18) and / or steering guide tube (20) on the seat tube (19) or steering tube (21) such that it is in sliding contact with the saddle guide tube (18) or steering guide tube (20). [7] Device for configuring a bicycle according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the saddle guide (2) and / or the steering guide (3) has a further guide means (22) for stabilizing the axial movement of the seat tube (19) or steering tube (21), which is designed and arranged at the upper exit of the saddle guide tube (18) and / or steering guide tube (20) such that it surrounds the seat tube (19) or steering tube (21) moving from the saddle guide (2) or steering guide (3) with a sliding contact at least section by section. [8] Device for configuring a bicycle according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by , that at least one unit of saddle and control displacement unit (12, 16) and / or a guide of saddle guide (2) and control guide (3) has a limit switch (24) for limiting the linear displacement. [9] Device for configuring a bicycle according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by , that at least one of the motors (31) of the saddle and control displacement units (12, 16) and / or the saddle guide (2) and control guide (3) is a closed-loop stepper motor. [10] Device for configuring a bicycle according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the base is designed in two parts, with a front base (5) and a separate rear base (6), both parts being mounted on the main frame (1) and designed to extend forward and to the side or backward and to the side from the main frame (1). [11] Method for configuring or selecting a bicycle using the bicycle simulator according to any of the preceding claims, comprising the following method steps: - Setting of horizontal and vertical initial positions of the saddle (10) and the handlebars of the bicycle simulator based on the user's biometric body characteristics; - User's reference ride with the bicycle simulator; - Determining the change for at least one position from the following list: Vertical position of the saddle, horizontal position of the saddle, vertical stack position of the handlebars, horizontal reach position of the handlebars based on the individual riding characteristics determined in a reference ride and / or based on the biometric body characteristics; - Execution of the defined position changes during the use of the bicycle simulator by means of the linear drives of saddle guide, saddle shifting unit, steering guide and steering shifting unit; - Continuation or simple or multiple repetitions of the user's reference ride and determination of the change to at least one of the currently existing positions of the saddle and handlebars and changing the position until the bicycle geometry suitable for the user is reached; - Configuration or selection of a bicycle by comparing the determined bicycle geometry with the bicycles stored in the control unit of the bicycle simulator. [12] Method for configuring or selecting a bicycle according to claim 11, wherein, for the purpose of changing the position of the saddle and / or the handlebars, the revolution rates of the motors of those linear drives involved in the change of position are calculated using the trigonometric relationships between the positions of the saddle and the handlebars before and after the change and using the parameters of the motor and gearbox of the linear drive used for the change of position. [13] Method for configuring or selecting a bicycle according to claim 11 or 12, wherein, prior to setting the initial positions, the biometric data of the user of the bicycle simulator and / or the bicycle geometry of an existing bicycle of the user are determined and used as the basis for setting the initial positions.

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