Pneumatic fertilizer spreader and method for spreading granular material

Abstract

The invention relates to a pneumatic fertilizer spreader (1) for spreading granular material (2) onto an agricultural area (AL), wherein the pneumatic fertilizer spreader (1) comprises at least: - a storage container (3) for carrying and / or providing the distribution material (2); - a metering device (4) by means of which distribution material (2) can be metered into distribution lines (6); - a distribution rod, preferably extending transversely to a direction of travel, wherein the distribution rod has several distribution lines, each having at least one outlet opening, which can be supplied with an air volume flow generated by means of a flow generation device for conveying the distributed material. The invention is characterized in that the scattering pattern (10) covering a scattering width, generated by the respective distribution element (8), is changeable.

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a pneumatic fertilizer spreader with the features of the preamble of independent claim 1. The invention also relates to a method for spreading material on an agricultural area.

[0002] Such fertilizer spreaders are known from the prior art. However, a disadvantage of these fertilizer spreaders is that fertilizer is applied to certain areas of agricultural land even though applying fertilizer is neither necessary nor permitted there.

[0003] Initial approaches are known from the prior art, which involve the permanent restriction of precisely defined dispensing elements using appropriate mechanisms. A disadvantage of this approach is that flexible adaptation to changing circumstances is not possible.

[0004] The object of the invention is therefore to eliminate the described disadvantages of the prior art. In particular, a pneumatic fertilizer spreader is to be provided which allows for flexible application of fertilizer in response to changing circumstances.

[0005] These problems are solved by a pneumatic fertilizer spreader with the features of independent claim 1, and by a method for spreading granular material with the features of method claim 17. Advantageous embodiments and further developments of the invention are disclosed in the claims and the following description with partial reference to the figures.

[0006] The pneumatic fertilizer spreader is designed for distributing granular material onto agricultural land. This granular material can be granular fertilizer, additives, and / or similar substances.

[0007] The pneumatic fertilizer spreader comprises a hopper for carrying and / or supplying the material to be spread. The hopper may be designed to include one or more chambers. Furthermore, a metering device is provided, which allows the material to be metered into distribution lines of a spreading boom. The spreading boom extends transversely to a direction of travel and has several distribution lines, preferably with at least one outlet opening, containing distribution elements for generating a spreading pattern. These distribution lines can be supplied with an airflow generated by a flow-generating device to convey the material.

[0008] The fertilizer spreader includes a metering device designed to dispense a defined quantity of fertilizer from the hopper into the distribution lines for application on the agricultural land. This quantity can be determined manually by a person. Alternatively or in combination, the quantity can be determined by sensors, preferably mounted on the fertilizer spreader. Preferably, these sensors are configured to detect at least one type of plant on the agricultural land. Alternatively or in combination, the quantity can be predetermined by an application map.

[0009] The flow-generating device is preferably formed by a fan that can be operated at a variable speed, or by at least two or more fans, each of which can be operated at a variable speed. The fan can preferably be a centrifugal fan and / or the like. The air volume flow can be varied depending on the speed of the flow-generating device. Preferably, the speed can be varied by means of a motor controlled and / or regulated by a variable speed unit. The motor can, for example, be a hydraulic motor and / or an electric motor.

[0010] The distribution element can, for example, be a deflector plate against which the material to be distributed can be conveyed by means of the airflow and which can then be distributed by the deflector plate, for example in a fan-like pattern. The distribution preferably depends on the design and / or adjustment of the deflector plate.

[0011] The scattering pattern produced by the respective distribution element depends on the design and / or setting of the respective distribution element.

[0012] According to the invention, the scattering pattern covering a scattering width, generated by the respective distribution element, is modifiable.

[0013] The term "spreading pattern" refers to how the material being spread can be distributed across the agricultural area using the spreading elements. Preferably, the spreading pattern can be continuous across the entire spreading width, or it can be any other desired pattern, for example, an alternating spreading pattern, meaning that areas where material is spread and areas where it is not alternate.

[0014] The scatter width can consist of a single, continuous scatter width or of several spatially separated scatter widths. Preferably, this corresponds to the generated scatter pattern.

[0015] The term "spread width" or "spread pattern" refers to the method used to apply material to a specific section of agricultural land. The spread width or pattern can depend on various parameters and / or be predetermined or predefined. This will be discussed in more detail below.

[0016] The spreading width can extend along a direction perpendicular to the direction of travel, or alternatively at an angle to that direction perpendicular to the direction of travel. Depending on the arrangement of the spreading width relative to the direction of travel, the width of a treated area of ​​the agricultural land can be varied, depending on the resulting spreading pattern.

[0017] According to a preferred embodiment, the respective distribution element may be arranged to generate the spreading pattern covering the spreading width with a continuous width section and / or by several width sections, which are preferably arranged symmetrically and / or asymmetrically to the direction of travel and / or transversely to the direction of travel.

[0018] Preferably, the spreading width and the design of the spreading pattern can depend on external conditions, such as the actual position of the fertilizer spreader on the agricultural field, the crop stand, an application map, and / or the like. Depending on the location of the fertilizer spreader, a corresponding spreading width may be required, for example, due to changes in the crop stand, soil composition, and / or the like.

[0019] According to a preferred embodiment, a modification unit may be provided which is configured to change the scattering pattern covering the scattering width by modifying a setting of the respective distribution element based on user input and / or automatically. Automated modification of the distribution element allows for faster changes to the scattering pattern by altering a setting of the distribution element.

[0020] Preferably, it may be provided that changing the scattering pattern, for example by changing the settings of the respective distribution element and the like, includes control and / or regulation.

[0021] By changing the setting of the respective distribution element, the scattering pattern covering the scattering width of the respective distribution element can be changed.

[0022] Preferably, an input unit is provided, which is configured to allow user input. Preferably, the input unit is configured to be communicable with the control unit via a signal and to transmit the user input to the control unit. Preferably, the input unit can be an input terminal on the pneumatic fertilizer spreader, a portable input device, for example, a mobile phone and / or the like, or an external input device, for example, a computer and / or the like. The signal connection can be wireless and / or wired.

[0023] According to a preferred embodiment, the changing unit may be configured to change the setting of the respective distribution element based on specifications regarding the plant composition of the agricultural area and / or the geometry of the pneumatic fertilizer spreader.

[0024] Specifications regarding the plant stock and / or the pneumatic fertilizer spreader may include, for example: - a stand of plants, preferably positions of rows of plants and / or areas without plants; - a condition of the plant population, for example, height, health of the plant population, and / or the like; - a field boundary of the agricultural area; - Headland of agricultural land; - Positions of driving lanes; - Track width and / or tire width; - Distances between the distribution elements; - Amount of material distributed in kg / ha; - areas already treated and / or areas not to be treated.

[0025] Preferably, it may be provided that the required spreading widths can be determined based on specifications regarding the agricultural area and / or the pneumatic fertilizer spreader and / or are dependent on them.

[0026] Preferably, the required spreading widths can be manually specified, for example, by user input. Alternatively or cumulatively, the change unit can be configured to determine the required spreading widths, in particular based on specifications regarding the agricultural area and / or the pneumatic fertilizer spreader and / or user input.

[0027] The above list of requirements is merely exemplary and not exhaustive. Further requirements regarding the plant composition and / or the geometry of the fertilizer spreader may also be conceivable.

[0028] The settings can be stored and / or saved in a storage unit. For example, user input can be used to define the settings for agricultural land and / or pneumatic fertilizer spreaders. Some settings for agricultural land and / or pneumatic fertilizer spreaders may already be stored.

[0029] Preferably, it may be provided that the specifications of the agricultural area and / or the pneumatic fertilizer spreader are at least partially entered and / or enterable in an application map, preferably manually and / or by means of the modification unit.

[0030] Preferably, the modification unit is set up to automatically change the settings of corresponding components of the pneumatic fertilizer spreader based on the specifications of the agricultural area and / or the pneumatic fertilizer spreader, thereby making the spreading pattern covering the spreading width changeable.

[0031] According to a preferred embodiment, the changing unit may be configured to change the setting of the respective distribution element based on a relative position of the respective distribution element to a desired impact area on the agricultural area.

[0032] The desired impact area on the agricultural land refers to the area to be treated with the spreading material. This could, for example, be a section of the crop rows.

[0033] Depending on the position of the desired impact area relative to the respective distribution element, the distribution element or its settings must be adjusted accordingly so that the spreading pattern generated by the distribution element actually applies the material to the desired impact area on the agricultural land. For example, in row crops, the desired impact area might be defined by the rows where the crop plants are located. Outside these areas, there are few or no crop plants, so applying material to these areas would be a waste.

[0034] According to a further preferred embodiment, the changing unit may be configured to change the setting of the respective distribution element by changing the position of an impact area of ​​the distributed material on the distribution element.

[0035] The impact area on the distribution element is preferably that area of ​​the distribution element where the distributed material exiting the at least one outlet opening of the respective distribution line impacts the respective distribution element. The impact area can be an area where, with a certain probability or based on a statistical distribution, a large proportion of the distributed material impacts the distribution element.

[0036] Preferably, the position of the impact area can be changed by a rotational movement of the respective distribution element. Preferably, the position of the impact area can be changed by changing the position of the distribution element, preferably relative to the distribution linkage. Preferably, at least one actuator is assigned to each distribution element, which is configured to change the position of the distribution element when actuated. Preferably, the changing unit is configured to change the at least one actuator, thereby making the position of the distribution element changeable.

[0037] Alternatively or cumulatively, the respective distribution element can be changed in its position by manual interaction with the distribution element.

[0038] It is conceivable that the respective distribution element is rotatably mounted about at least one axis of rotation and / or displaceably relative to the distribution linkage. Preferably, one axis of rotation may extend transversely to the direction of travel. It is also preferably possible for the respective distribution element to be displaceable transversely to the direction of travel and / or at an angle to the direction of travel.

[0039] According to a further preferred embodiment, at least one guide element can be coupled to the respective distribution element. Preferably, the at least one guide element is configured to be changeable in its position relative to the respective distribution element, thereby allowing the setting of the respective distribution element to be changed.

[0040] Particularly preferably, the changing unit is configured to change the position of the at least one guide element relative to the respective distribution element, preferably by changing an actuator assigned to the at least one guide element.

[0041] Alternatively and / or cumulatively, the change unit can be set up to change the position of the impact area by changing the distance of the impact area at the distribution element relative to at least one guide element.

[0042] Preferably, the distance between the impact area at the distribution element and the guiding element is a distance between the impact area and the guiding element as seen along the vertical direction.

[0043] Preferably, the changing unit is configured to change at least one actuator assigned to the guide element, whereby the position of the at least one guide element relative to the respective distribution element can be changed.

[0044] Preferably, the change unit is configured to change the setting of the respective distribution element by changing the position of at least one guide element relative to the respective distribution element.

[0045] According to a further preferred embodiment, it can be provided that the at least one guide element is rotatably and / or displaceably coupled to the respective distribution element.

[0046] Preferably, the guide element is coupled to the respective distribution element in a displaceable manner, preferably along at least the direction of displacement, and / or rotatable manner, preferably about at least one axis of rotation. This means that the guide element is displaceable and / or rotatable relative to the respective distribution element.

[0047] Preferably, the at least one guide element is configured to change the scattering pattern generated by the respective distribution element, preferably based on a position, in particular position and / or rotational position, of the at least one guide element relative to the respective distribution element.

[0048] When material being distributed strikes the respective distribution element in the impact area, it rebounds from the element in a specific pattern; in particular, the material is guided by the distribution element. This rebound creates the scattering pattern that covers the spread width. The rebound pattern at or along the respective distribution element can be modified by at least one guiding element. Specifically, the guiding element can be configured to restrict, partially interrupt, and / or divide the flow of material away from the distribution element into multiple flows, thereby modifying the resulting scattering pattern.

[0049] Preferably, the guide element can be elongated. Alternatively or cumulatively, the guide element can be triangular, quadrilateral, or polygonal, preferably in a top view. Preferably, the guide element is symmetrical along at least one axis.

[0050] An alternative or cumulative way to change the scattering pattern produced by the respective distribution element is to manipulate the air volume flow.

[0051] According to a further preferred embodiment, the changing unit may be configured to change the setting of the flow generation device in order to change the flow velocity of the air volume flow impinging on the respective distribution element.

[0052] The flow-generating device is preferably formed by a fan that can be operated at a variable speed, or by at least two or more fans, each of which can be operated at a variable speed. The respective fan can preferably be a centrifugal fan and / or the like.

[0053] According to a preferred embodiment, the changing unit may be configured to automatically change the drive that powers the flow-generating device in order to change its setting. Preferably, the drive is an electric, hydraulic, and / or pneumatic drive. Preferably, the drive may consist of at least one motor. The motor may, for example, be a hydraulic motor and / or an electric motor. By changing the drive, the rotational speed of the flow-generating device can be altered.

[0054] By changing the rotational speed of the flow generation device, preferably automatically, the flow velocity of the generated air volume flow can be changed, which also allows the air pressure in the distribution lines and / or the airflow divider device to be changed automatically.

[0055] The air volume flow can be varied depending on the rotational speed of the flow generation device.

[0056] Preferably, the changing unit is configured to change the flow velocity of the air volume flow by changing the flow generation device.

[0057] The flow velocity of the air volume stream influences the speed at which the material being distributed can be conveyed through the distribution lines. Accordingly, the speed at which the material strikes the distribution element is affected; a higher flow velocity allows the material to be distributed over a larger area perpendicular to the direction of travel than a lower flow velocity.

[0058] An alternative or cumulative way to change the generated scattering pattern is to manipulate the height of the distribution boom.

[0059] According to a preferred embodiment, it can be provided that the distance of the distribution element relative to a reference surface, preferably the agricultural area, is variable.

[0060] In particular, the distribution boom may be designed to be height-adjustable relative to the ground surface and / or vegetation. This is achieved, in particular, by adjusting the height of the distribution boom in relation to a frame to which the distribution boom is coupled.

[0061] According to a preferred embodiment, the distribution linkage may include a support structure. Preferably, the support structure may be coupled to a frame of the distribution machine and be designed to be height-adjustable by means of a height adjustment unit.

[0062] Height adjustment can be implemented using a height adjustment unit, for example, a parallelogram arranged between the chassis and a support structure and / or a linear unit. The parallelogram and / or the linear unit can be equipped with at least one actuator (e.g., one or more hydraulically and / or pneumatically operated linear drives such as cylinders or the like) to change the distance to the reference surface, i.e., to pivot the parallelogram or to adjust the linear unit.

[0063] Preferably, the distribution linkage can be adjusted in height by means of the height adjustment unit.

[0064] Preferably, the adjustment unit is configured to change the height of the distribution linkage relative to the reference surface by changing at least one actuator of the height adjustment unit, thereby changing the spreading pattern covering the respective distribution element and the spreading width.

[0065] The height adjustment unit, preferably the parallelogram and / or the linear unit, can expediently be part of the distribution linkage, or in particular can be connected to the support device of the distribution linkage with the parallelogram and / or the linear unit.

[0066] The height of the distribution boom changes the distance between each distribution element and the reference area, for example the agricultural area, and consequently the spread width of the spreading pattern produced by the respective distribution element.

[0067] According to a further preferred embodiment, the changing unit may be configured to change the metering device based on the setting of the respective distribution element. Alternatively or cumulatively, the changing unit may be configured to change the metering device based on the setting of the flow generation device. Alternatively or cumulatively, the changing unit may be configured to change the metering device based on the distance of the distribution rod to the reference surface.

[0068] This can advantageously reduce the required amount of fertilizer. If the spreading width changes due to a change in the spreading pattern, especially if the spreading width is reduced, then correspondingly less agricultural area is treated with fertilizer, thus requiring less fertilizer overall. The same applies analogously to an increase in the spreading width.

[0069] According to a further preferred embodiment, the distribution linkage may include a linkage center section. Preferably, the linkage center section is rotatably coupled to the support device about an axis of rotation oriented in the direction of travel. This allows the distribution linkage to follow the direction of travel in response to forces acting upon it.

[0070] Preferably, the changing unit is configured to change the rotational position of the distribution rod by means of its rotatable coupling to the support structure. Preferably, the change in the rotational position of the distribution rod includes control and / or regulation of this position. Preferably, a sensor device is provided and configured to detect the rotational position of the distribution rod. Preferably, the changing unit is configured to execute the change in rotational position based on the detected rotational position.

[0071] Preferably, at least one actuator is provided which is coupled to the carrier device and the distribution linkage, and wherein the changing unit is configured to change the actuator, preferably on the basis of the detected rotational position of the distribution linkage.

[0072] According to a further preferred embodiment, the metering device can be spatially assigned to the distribution rod. This spatial assignment can be achieved, for example, by a structural unit. Preferably, the metering device can be coupled to the support structure and / or the rod's central section.

[0073] According to a preferred embodiment, the modification unit may be configured to perform a selection of distribution elements and to change the settings of the selected distribution elements, preferably based on user input and / or automatically changing the settings of the selected distribution elements.

[0074] A particularly preferred configuration is the adjustment unit, which selects the distribution elements based on specifications regarding the crop composition and / or the geometry of the pneumatic fertilizer spreader. This is especially advantageous for border spreading, i.e., in the area of ​​a field boundary, in the area of ​​tramlines, and / or the like.

[0075] Because fewer distribution elements need to be changed in their settings, the effort required to change the distribution elements can be significantly reduced.

[0076] Preferably, the change unit may be designed to proactively determine, based on the specifications regarding the plant population and / or the pneumatic fertilizer spreader and / or other parameters, a change in the setting of the respective distribution unit, a change in the distance of the distribution boom to the reference area, and / or the setting of the flow generation device.

[0077] Preferably, the modification unit may be designed to determine optimal positions for changing the setting of the respective distribution unit, changing the distance of the distribution linkage to the reference surface, and / or the setting of the flow generation device.

[0078] Preferably, the optimal positions for changing the spreading pattern can be determined in advance based on the current speed and position of the fertilizer spreader, the amount of material being spread, the delivery time of the material to the respective distribution elements, the generated air volume flow, and / or similar factors. Appropriate sensors can be provided and configured to determine the current speed, position, and delivery time and transmit this information to the adjustment unit. Preferably, the adjustment unit is configured to process the current speed, position, and / or delivery time.

[0079] Furthermore, response times can be taken into account, that is, the time the system needs to implement a change in the scattering pattern. This can depend on the transmission times of corresponding signals, the inertia of corresponding actuators, and / or the like.

[0080] The underlying problem is solved by a method for spreading granular material onto agricultural land. The method is characterized by the following steps: - Providing a pneumatic fertilizer spreader, preferably according to one of the preceding embodiments, at least comprising a distribution boom extending transversely to a direction of travel, wherein the distribution boom has several distribution lines with distribution elements, each having at least one outlet opening, wherein at least one distribution element is assigned to each distribution line for generating a spreading pattern; - Changing the scattering pattern covering a scattering width, preferably by means of a changing unit, wherein the scattering pattern is preferably changed by changing a setting of the respective distribution element, a setting of the flow generation device, and / or changing a distance of the distribution rod to a reference area, preferably the agricultural area.

[0081] In the context of the invention, the individual steps of the process can be carried out in a defined sequence; however, it is also conceivable that the steps of the process can be carried out in any sequence. An arbitrary change between the process steps is also conceivable. Furthermore, the process can be extended by adding further process steps.

[0082] Preferably, the steps of the procedure are carried out continuously and / or at intervals.

[0083] The conversion unit comprises, for example, at least one computer unit, an on-board computer, and / or the like, and preferably includes a control and / or regulation circuit, in particular a hydraulic and / or pneumatic and / or electrical control and / or regulation circuit, wherein the control and / or regulation circuit is expediently designed for hydraulic and / or pneumatic and / or electrical signal and / or command transmission. This signal and / or command transmission can also be wireless (e.g., via WLAN).

[0084] In the context of the invention, the term "transforming unit" encompasses, in particular, the entirety of components for signal and / or command transmission. Accordingly, this also includes computer units, CPUs, and / or the like. Likewise, it also includes control devices integrated into the respective sensors, sensor units, or sensor arrangements. It should also be noted that the signals and / or data from the sensors, measuring devices, detection devices, and / or the like can each be used as feedback for a control variable.

[0085] It should be noted that the terms "change," "control," "regulate," and "change unit" can refer to electronic and / or pneumatic and / or hydraulic controls or regulators, which, depending on their design, can perform control and / or regulation tasks. Even though the term "change" is used here, it can also appropriately encompass "control" and / or "regulate."

[0086] Regarding the advantages and embodiments of the method according to the invention, reference is made to the advantages and embodiments of the pneumatic fertilizer spreader according to the invention.

[0087] All features disclosed for the pneumatic fertilizer spreader and the method can each be used in a corresponding manner with each other.

[0088] For the purposes of the application, features disclosed in conjunction with other features may also be considered disclosed on their own. Features linked by "and / or" are to be understood as disclosed both on their own and in combination with the other features.

[0089] To avoid repetition, it should be noted that the embodiments and features according to the invention can be combined in any way and freely with the pneumatic fertilizer spreader and / or the method. Accordingly, all embodiments and features according to the invention are disclosed and claimable for both the pneumatic fertilizer spreader and the method.

[0090] Further details and advantages of the invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The relative sizes of the individual elements in the figures do not always correspond to the actual relative sizes, as some shapes are simplified and others are enlarged for better illustration in relation to other elements. The figures show: Fig. 1 a pneumatic fertilizer spreader according to one embodiment; Fig. 2 the fertilizer spreader according to Fig. 1 in a side view; Fig. 3. The fertilizer spreader with spreading patterns in a rear view; Fig. 4. The fertilizer spreader with spreading patterns in a rear view; Fig. 5. The fertilizer spreader with spreading patterns in a rear view; Fig. 6 schematically a distribution element; Fig. 7 and Fig. 8. Changing a setting of the distribution element; Fig. 9, Fig. 10, Fig. 11 to Fig. 12 a distribution element with a guide element; Fig. 13 and Fig. 14 a change in the setting of the distribution element with a guide element; Fig. 15 and Fig. 16 a distribution element with a guide element.

[0091] The in the Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 7, Fig. 8, Fig. 9, Fig. 10, Fig. 11, Fig. 12, Fig. 13, Fig. 14, Fig. 15 to Fig. The embodiments shown in Figure 16 are at least partially identical, so that similar or identical parts are provided with the same reference numerals and, to avoid repetition, reference is also made to the description of the other embodiments or figures for their explanation.

[0092] One embodiment of a pneumatic fertilizer spreader 1 is shown in the figures. The pneumatic fertilizer spreader 1 can be used to efficiently apply, or distribute, granular agricultural materials in desired quantities on agricultural land (LF). Examples of such materials include agricultural fertilizers, microgranules, seeds, and the like.

[0093] The fertilizer spreader 1 is designed as a fertilizer spreader 1 pulled by a towing vehicle (e.g., a tractor, not shown here), but the fertilizer spreader 1 can also be self-propelled or mounted on a towing vehicle. The fertilizer spreader 1 could also be an autonomous vehicle (e.g., fully autonomous or semi-autonomous) or mounted on an autonomous carrier vehicle.

[0094] The fertilizer spreader 1 comprises a frame R supporting the components of the fertilizer spreader 1, as well as at least one storage container 3 for carrying and / or providing the spreading material. Two or more storage containers 3 for two or more, in particular different, spreading materials may also be provided, i.e., in particular, mounted on the frame R of the fertilizer spreader 1.

[0095] To achieve maximum efficiency, i.e., a large working width, the fertilizer spreader 1 has a spreading boom 5 extending transversely to the direction of travel FR with a large working width (e.g., 24 meters, 30 meters, 36 meters or more). The spreading boom 5 comprises a support structure 10 connected to the frame R, a boom center section 11, and arms 13 pivotably mounted on the boom center section 10 relative to the boom center section 11. Preferably, each arm has at least one boom section 12, which can be rotatably assembled about vertically oriented axes. The boom center section 11 can also be referred to as a boom section 12.

[0096] To comply with a permissible transport width (e.g. 3 meters in Germany), the booms 13 are pivotably mounted on the central section of the linkage 10 about upright oriented axes 14.

[0097] The distribution linkage 5, in particular its central linkage section 11, is supported by a bearing 15, which according to the Fig. As indicated in Figure 2, the linkage is rotatable transversely to the direction of travel FR about a pivot axis oriented in the direction of travel relative to the frame R on the support structure 10. The rotational position can be controlled and / or regulated, in particular by means of an actuating device (not shown) which can be controlled by means of a changing unit 26, and which can be mounted, in particular, between the linkage center section 11 and the support structure 10 and / or between the linkage center section 11 and the frame R.

[0098] The frame R can also preferably be expediently designed in multiple parts, wherein the individual parts can in turn be connected by means of a permanent (e.g. welding) and / or detachable (e.g. screws or similar machine elements) connection.

[0099] The frame R also includes a chassis 16 with running wheels, which according to the exemplary embodiments can in particular be a tandem chassis, and a connecting device 17 for connection to a towing vehicle. In addition, the storage container 3 is part of the frame R.

[0100] To adjust the height of the distribution linkage 5, the support device 10 is mounted on the frame R in a height-adjustable manner by means of a height adjustment device 10.1, for example a parallelogram.

[0101] A metering device 4 with a metering container 18 is assigned to the central section 11 of the distribution linkage 5; in particular, these form a single structural unit. A conveying system 19, comprising a conveying line and / or a conveying device 20, opens into the metering container 18. However, several conveying lines and / or conveying devices 20 could also open into the metering container 18 in order to supply it with one, two, or more different distributed materials.

[0102] Preferably, both the storage container 3 and the dosing container 18 taper downwards in a funnel shape, with at least one outlet opening (not shown here) arranged at the lowest point in each case.

[0103] The outlet opening is formed by an opening in the respective container 3, 18, through which, for example, distributed material from the storage container 3 is conveyed into the conveying system 19 and / or from the dosing container 18 into the dosing device 4, whereby the outlet opening thus simultaneously forms the inlet of the conveying system 19 and / or the dosing device 4.

[0104] The material being spread from the metering device 4 is conveyed to the distribution elements 8 attached to the distribution boom 5 by means of distribution lines 6 along the distribution boom 5. During operation of the fertilizer spreader 1, the material is transported along the distribution lines 6 by means of an airflow, whereby the distribution lines 6 are coupled, i.e., operatively connected, by means of a flow-generating device (e.g., one or more blowers such as centrifugal blowers, radial blowers, axial blowers, diagonal blowers, cross-flow blowers, or the like).

[0105] A plurality of distribution lines 6 are attached along the distribution rod 5, each of which, according to the exemplary embodiments, has a distribution element 8 attached. However, two or more distribution elements 8 per distribution line 6 would also be conceivable or possible, with each distribution line 6 having a distribution element 8 assigned to its respective outer end, which forms an outlet opening 7. Furthermore, the distribution lines 6 have different lengths extending from the metering device 4 along the distribution rod 5.

[0106] In order to achieve a compact distribution linkage 5, the distribution lines 6 are also arranged one above the other, meaning that a large number of distribution lines 6 are arranged one above the other.

[0107] Furthermore, the distribution lines 6 are essentially symmetrical to each other on the distribution linkage 5 with respect to the central linkage section 11. In addition, the opposing distribution elements 8 each have at least a largely identical height position.

[0108] Furthermore, the distribution lines 6 have separation points, not shown here, between the rod center section 11 and the booms 13 or between the rod sections 12 of the booms 13.

[0109] The distribution elements 8 can be formed, in particular, by impact plates, against which the material to be distributed is conveyed by means of the air volume flow and subsequently distributed, for example, in a fan shape, depending on the shape of the impact plate. However, the distribution elements 8 can also be formed by an arc-shaped end section of the distribution lines 6, which can then, for example, act as impact plates themselves.

[0110] The distances between the distribution elements 8 can be such that, in particular, a full-surface distribution of the material being distributed is made possible by means of the spreading fans generated by the distribution elements 8, and in particular a seamless distribution of the material being distributed is made possible.

[0111] According to an alternative embodiment, it would also be conceivable that the distribution elements 8 are arranged on the distribution rod 5 in such a way, or that the spreading patterns created by the distribution elements 8 are such that the spreading patterns overlap. For example, a double or triple overlap of the spreading patterns could be provided, which in turn could increase the distribution quality, as shown in Fig. 3 is shown.

[0112] To supply the dosing device 4 with the respective distributed material, it is operatively connected to at least one storage container 3, whereby the operative connection can be made by means of a conveying system 19 with, for example, a conveying line 20 and by means of the dosing container 18.

[0113] The conveying system 19 according to the embodiment examples comprises a conveying line 20 or conveying device 20 leading into the dosing container 18; however, two or more conveying lines 20 could also be provided, in particular for different distribution goods.

[0114] The conveying system 19, or the conveying line 20 or the conveying facility 20, is at least divided into two parts, that is, it has several conveying sections 21, 22.

[0115] The conveying system 19 and / or the conveying sections 21, 22 can be formed by one or more screw conveyors and / or conveyor belts and / or the like.

[0116] Alternatively or additionally, the conveying system can also be formed, at least in sections, by a pneumatic conveying system, in which distributed material is conveyed by means of an air volume flow along the conveying line 20.

[0117] The metering device 4 is assigned to the rod center section 11 and / or the support device 10 in such a way that these follow the vertical movements and / or the rotary movements of the distribution rod 5 at least largely synchronously.

[0118] Preferably, the pneumatic fertilizer spreader 1 comprises at least a frame R supporting components of the fertilizer spreader 1, a storage container 3 for carrying and providing the material to be distributed (e.g., seeds, fertilizer and / or the like).), a distribution linkage 5 extending transversely to the direction of travel FR, which distribution linkage 5 has a support device 10, a linkage center section 11 and booms 13 rotatably attached to the linkage center section 11, wherein distribution lines 6 with distribution elements 8 and a metering container 18 operatively connected to the storage container 3 by means of a conveying system 19 are attached to the distribution linkage 5, wherein the distribution lines 6 can be supplied with an air volume flow to convey the distributed material along the distribution lines 6 to the distribution elements 8 and wherein, by means of at least one metering device 4 forming a structural unit with the distribution linkage 5 and operatively connected to the metering container 18, distributed material can be metered into the distribution lines 6.

[0119] According to the invention, it is provided that the respective distribution element 8 is designed to produce a scattering pattern 23 covering a scattering width 24.

[0120] Various scattering patterns 24 with different scattering widths 23 are particularly common in the Fig. 3, Fig. 4 to Fig. Figure 5 shows that the respective scattering patterns 24 can have one or more width sections 25.

[0121] According to the Fig. Figure 3 shows a possible distribution of the material 2 by means of the distribution elements 8, wherein each spreading pattern 23 is identical and is not adapted to the crop and / or the fertilizer spreader 1, preferably to a geometry of the fertilizer spreader 1, as is known, for example, from the prior art. However, such an application is also included in the fertilizer spreader 1 according to the invention.

[0122] According to the embodiments shown in the figures, a changing unit 26 is provided which is configured to change the spreading pattern 23 of a respective distribution element 8. Preferably, it can be provided that all or some of the distribution elements 8 are modifiable in their spreading pattern 23. The changing unit 26 can be configured to change the setting of the respective distribution element 8 based on the crop stand, for example, a row spacing, a row of plants, or an end of the crop stand, and / or the like, and / or based on the geometry of the fertilizer spreader 1, for example, wheel tracks to be taken into account. The end 28 of the crop stand can, for example, be defined by a field boundary 28 and / or the like.

[0123] Furthermore, the change unit 26 can be set up to change the setting of the respective distribution element 8 based on a relative position of the respective distribution element 8 to a desired impact area 27, for example a row of plants, on the agricultural area LF.

[0124] In the Fig. Figure 6 shows, by way of example and purely schematically, a distribution element 8 which is connected to a distribution line 6, in particular an outlet opening 7. The distributed material 2 exiting the distribution line 6 or the outlet opening 7 strikes the distribution element 8, for example a deflector plate, in an impact area 29, whereby the distributed material rebounds off the distribution element 8 and thereby generates the scattering pattern 24. The impact area 29 on the distribution element 8 is preferably that area of ​​the distribution element 8 in which the distributed material 2 exiting the at least one outlet opening 7 strikes the respective distribution element 8.

[0125] In the Fig. 7 and Fig. Figure 8 shows a first possibility of how the scattering pattern 23 of the respective distribution element 8 can be changed. It is according to the Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 is intended to change the position of the impact area 29 of the distribution element 8.

[0126] The position of the impact area 29 can be changed by a rotational movement of the respective distribution element 8. Preferably, the position of the impact area 29 can be changed by changing the position of the distribution element 8, preferably relative to the distribution linkage 5. Preferably, at least one actuator is assigned to each distribution element 8, which is configured to change the position of the distribution element 8 when actuated. The changing unit 26 is configured to change the at least one actuator, thereby making the position of the distribution element 8 changeable.

[0127] Alternatively or cumulatively, the respective distribution element 8 can be changed in its position by manual interaction with the distribution element 8.

[0128] For example, the respective distribution element 8 is rotatable about at least one axis of rotation and / or displaceable relative to the distribution rod 5.

[0129] In the Fig. 9, Fig. 10, Fig. 11 to Fig. Figure 12 shows another way to change the scattering pattern 23 of the respective distribution element 8. For this purpose, a guide element 30 is provided, which is connected to the respective distribution element 8. According to the Fig. 9, Fig. 10, Fig. 11 to Fig. 12 the guiding element 30 is triangular in shape.

[0130] The at least one guide element 30 is coupled to the respective distribution element 8, wherein the adjustment unit 26 is configured to change the setting of the respective distribution element 8 by changing the position of the guide element 30 relative to the respective distribution element 8. It is conceivable that the at least one guide element 30 is rotatably and / or displaceably coupled to the respective distribution element 8.

[0131] In particular, the distance or position of the guide element 30 is crucial for changing the scattering pattern 23. This is described in the respective Fig. 9, Fig. 10, Fig. 11 to Fig. 12 shown. In the Fig. In section 9, the guide element 30 is arranged such that it has no or only a very slight influence on the scattering pattern 23. Fig. In step 10, the guide element 30 is positioned by a displacement along the distribution element 8 such that the distribution flow is split into two distribution flows. In the Fig. 11 is in addition to the Fig. 10. The guide element 30 is rotated, which further influences the scattering pattern 23, particularly in width. In the Fig. 11 is the guiding element 30 in addition to the Fig. 11 have been shifted laterally, such that there is only one distribution flow with a deflection.

[0132] In the Fig. 13 and Fig. Figure 14 shows a combination by changing the position of the distribution element 8 relative to the distribution linkage 5 and the guide element 30. In particular, a change in the position of the distribution element 8 and the resulting change in the position of the impact area 29 results in a change in the distance 31 to the guide element 30, which in turn influences the scattering pattern 23.

[0133] In the Fig. 15 and Fig. Figure 16 shows another possibility by which the scattering pattern 23 can be influenced. Here, the guide element 30 is elongated and rotatably connected to the distribution element 8 about a rotation axis 32.

[0134] Depending on the rotational position of the guide element 30, the scattering pattern 23 can be influenced accordingly. This can be determined by comparing the Fig. 15 and Fig. 16 will be recognized.

[0135] Although the invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments, it is apparent to a person skilled in the art that various modifications can be made and equivalents used as substitutes without departing from the scope of the invention. Furthermore, many modifications can be made without departing from the relevant scope. Consequently, the invention is not intended to be limited to the disclosed embodiments but is intended to encompass all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims. In particular, the invention also claims protection for the subject matter and features of the dependent claims independently of the referenced claims. Reference symbol list: 1 pneumatic fertilizer spreader 2 Distributed goods 3 storage containers 4 Dosing device 5 distribution rods 6 distribution line 7 Outlet opening 8 distribution element 9 Flow generating device 10 Supporting institution 10.1 Height adjustment device 11 Linkage middle section 12 Linkage section 13 outriggers 14 upright oriented axis 15 Storage 16 Chassis 17 Connection device 18 dosing containers 19 Funding system 20 Conveyor line 21,22 Funding section 23 scatter patterns 24 Spread width 25 latitude section 26 units of change 27 desired impact area 28 Field boundary / End of vegetation 29 Impact area 30 guide element 31 distance 32 Rotary axis R frame FR direction of travel LF agricultural area

Claims

Pneumatic fertilizer spreader (1) for spreading granular material (2) onto an agricultural area (LA), wherein the pneumatic fertilizer spreader (1) comprises at least: - a storage container (3) for carrying and / or providing the material (2); - a metering device (4) by means of which material (2) can be metered into distribution lines (6); - a distribution boom (5), preferably extending transversely to a direction of travel (FR), wherein the distribution boom (5) has several distribution lines (6) having at least one outlet opening (7), which can be supplied with an air volume flow generated by means of a flow generation device (9) for conveying the material; characterized in that the spreading pattern (23) covering a spreading width (24) generated by the respective distribution element (8) is variable. Pneumatic fertilizer spreader (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the respective distribution element is configured to produce spreading patterns (23) covering the spreading width (24) with a continuous width section (25) and / or by several width sections (25), which are preferably arranged symmetrically and / or asymmetrically to the direction of travel (FR) and / or transversely to the direction of travel (FR). Pneumatic fertilizer spreader (1) according to at least one of claims 1 to 2 , characterized by a changing unit (26) which is configured to change the spreading pattern (25) covering the spreading width (24) by changing a setting of the respective distribution element (8) based on user input and / or automatically. Pneumatic fertilizer spreader (1) according to at least claim 3, characterized in that the changing unit (26) is configured to change the setting of the respective distribution element (8) based on specifications regarding a plant population of the agricultural area (AL) and / or a geometry of the pneumatic fertilizer spreader (1). Pneumatic fertilizer spreader (1) according to at least one of claims 3 to 4, characterized in that the changing unit (26) is configured to change the setting of the respective distribution element (8) on the basis of a relative position of the respective distribution element (8) to a desired impact area (15) on the agricultural area (LA). Pneumatic fertilizer spreader (1) according to at least one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that the changing unit (26) is configured to change the setting of the respective distribution element (8) by changing the position of an impact area (13) of the distributed material on the distribution element (8). Pneumatic fertilizer spreader (1) according to at least one of claims 3 to 6, characterized in that at least one guide element (30) is coupled to the respective distribution element (8), wherein the changing unit (26) is configured to change the setting of the respective distribution element (8) by changing the position of the guide element (30) relative to the respective distribution element (8). Pneumatic fertilizer spreader (1) according to at least claim 7, characterized in that the at least one guide element (30) is rotatably and / or displaceably coupled to the respective distribution element (8). Pneumatic fertilizer spreader (1) according to at least one of claims 7 to 8, characterized in that the changing unit (26) is arranged to change at least one actuator assigned to the guiding element (30) in order to change a position of the at least one guide element (30) relative to the respective distribution element (8). Pneumatic fertilizer spreader (1) according to at least one of claims 3 to 9, characterized in that the changing unit (26) is configured to change the setting of the flow generation device (9) in order to change the flow velocity of the air volume flow impinging on the respective distribution element (8). Pneumatic fertilizer spreader (1) according to at least one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that a distance of the distribution element (8) relative to a reference area, preferably the agricultural area (AL), is variable. Pneumatic fertilizer spreader (1) according to at least one of claims 3 to 11, characterized in that the changing unit (26) is configured to change the metering device (4) based on the setting of the respective distribution element (8), the setting of the flow generation device (9), and / or the distance of the distribution linkage (5) to the reference surface (LF). Pneumatic fertilizer spreader (1) according to at least one of claims 3 to 12, characterized in that the changing unit (26) is configured to perform a selection of distribution elements (8) and to change the settings of the selected distribution elements (8), preferably based on user input and / or automatically changing the settings of the selected distribution elements (8). Pneumatic fertilizer spreader (1) according to at least one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the distribution linkage (5) comprises a support device (10), wherein the support device (10) is coupled to a frame (R) of the fertilizer spreader (1) and is arranged to be height-adjustable relative to the frame (R) by means of a height adjustment unit. Pneumatic fertilizer spreader (1) according to at least claim 14, characterized in that the distribution linkage (5) comprises a linkage center part (11) which is rotatably coupled to the carrier device (10) about an axis of rotation oriented in the direction of travel. Pneumatic fertilizer spreader (1) according to at least one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the metering device (3) is spatially assigned to the distribution boom (5), preferably that the metering device (4) is coupled to the carrier device (10) and / or the boom center part (11). Method for spreading granular material (2) onto an agricultural area (LA), characterized by the process steps: - providing a pneumatic fertilizer spreader (1), preferably according to one of claims 1 to 16, at least comprising a distribution boom (5) extending transversely to a direction of travel (FR), wherein the distribution boom (5) has several distribution lines (6) with distribution elements (8), each having at least one outlet opening (7), wherein each distribution line (6) is assigned at least one distribution element (8) for generating a spreading pattern (10);- Changing the scattering pattern (23) covering a scattering width (24), preferably by means of a changing unit (26), wherein the scattering pattern (23) is preferably changed by changing a setting of the respective distribution element (8), a setting of the flow generation device (9), and / or changing a distance of the distribution rod (5) to a reference area, preferably the agricultural area (AL).;

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