Trumpet / flugelhorn, especially piccolo trumpet in compact design with twisted valve

Abstract

A trumpet consisting of a mouth pipe 1, a four-valve rotary valve machine body with associated pressure mechanism and a bell 3, characterized in that at least one valve axis is inclined relative to the axes of the other valves.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a trumpet, in particular a piccolo trumpet, consisting of a bell with a cup, a leadpipe, a machine frame consisting of 4 valves and a pressure mechanism for actuating the rotary valves.

[0002] The most common piccolo trumpet model with rotary valves has several disadvantages that can be overcome with this invention. Due to its design, this popular, so-called "Scherzer" model requires a comparatively long leadpipe, which is compensated for by a relatively short bell. Furthermore, handling the instrument is uncomfortable and tiring due to the long machine rod and the pressure mechanism extending far to the sides.

[0003] Similar problems are found in almost all alternative piccolo trumpet designs that use rotary valves.

[0004] The object of the invention is therefore to propose a geometry for a trumpet with 4 valves, which has a pleasant handling similar to the posture of a classical concert trumpet in B, and at the same time a balanced relationship between the leadpipe, the machine rod and the bell.

[0005] The features of the invention can be applied to four-valve instruments of various pitches. High C, B-flat, A, and G trumpets, as well as high F or EIE instruments and flugelhorn-like instruments, can be designed according to the principle.

[0006] The instrument according to the invention achieves improved handling, among other things, through the arrangement of the valves. The first three valves are arranged in a row on the same axis as the leadpipe. The axis formed by the third and fourth valves is essentially orthogonal to the first axis. As a result, valve 2 / 3 is offset to the right of the other three valves, as seen from the player. This means that the left hand only needs to be spread as far as the player is used to from the classical concert trumpet, thus eliminating any need to adjust the position.

[0007] A pump mechanism 5, which runs beneath the valve slides, allows the valve slide of valve 2 / 3 to be operated with the thumb of the left hand via a cranked connecting rod parallel to the leadpipe, as is customary on a concert trumpet. According to the invention, the pump mechanism 5 can also be replaced by a lever mechanism, as is familiar to experts from German-style Bb / C trumpets. The pump mechanism is more suitable for a piccolo trumpet according to the invention due to its slim design.

[0008] The axes of the rotary valves 2 / 3 and 2 / 4 are at an angle to each other. This ensures that a. the two valve arches 2 / 3z and 2 / 4z run in different planes b. The outlet of valve 2 / 3, to which bell 3 is connected, is angled upward, thus allowing the bell bow / bow to travel to a higher level in a short distance. In the case of piccolo trumpets, this allows the valve slide of valve 2 / 1 to be operated below the bell bow.

[0009] The valves can be arranged in various ways, but the following pipe layout is advantageous for the piccolo trumpet: In a row: - Leadpipe 1 - Valve 2 / 1 (extension by a whole tone) - Valve 2 / 2 (extension by a semitone) - Valve 2 / 4 (usually extended by a fourth). The valve bend 2 / 4z of the valve 2 / 4 runs in the same plane as the valve bend of valve 2 / 1 and parallel to the leadpipe 1 - rectangular transition to valve 2 / 3 (usually extended by 1 1 / 2 whole tones) with a valve axis distance from valve 2 / 3 to valve 2 / 4 between 35 and 60 mm (approx. 42 mm in the illustrations) and a clockwise tilt of the valve 2 / 3 by 20° - 45° (32° in the illustrations). The tilt axis is approximately perpendicular to the leadpipe 1 and approximately parallel to the slides of valves 2 / 1 and 2 / 2. The valve slide 2 / 3z is offset and lies below in a plane parallel to the plane of the valve slide 2 / 4z. - Valve bend 8 running upwards by the tilt angle in a plane that is perpendicular to the plane of the valve bend 2 / 4z and parallel to the lead pipe 1. - The lengths and pipe paths of valves 2 / 3 and 2 / 4 can also be swapped. In this case, valve slide 2 / 4z now runs below the level of the valve slides of valves 2 / 1 and 2 / 2 and originates from the tilted valve 2 / 3. Valve slide 2 / 3z then runs in the level of the valve slide of valve 2 / 1. For this option, only the pressure mechanism needs to be slightly adjusted so that valve pusher 4 / 3 continues to control the valve that makes the instrument play 1 1 / 2 whole tones lower, or valve pusher 4 / 4 continues to control the valve that makes the instrument play a fourth lower.

[0010] The innovative tilting of the 2 / 3 valve allows for a very compact pipe layout of the 2 / 3 and 2 / 4 valves at different levels. Furthermore, the tilting allows the bell to be moved to a higher level easily and efficiently, thus keeping the valve bend of the 2 / 1 valve easily accessible. The plane on which the bell deflects upwards is perpendicular to the plane of the 2 / 4z valve bend and runs parallel to the leadpipe 1.

[0011] The valve mechanism is positioned approximately centrally between valves 2 / 3 and 2 / 4 and the axis of the pushers runs parallel to the axis of the leadpipe 1. Valves 2 / 1, 2 / 2 and 2 / 4 are pushed by the pusher mechanism and valve 2 / 3 is pulled.

[0012] The lever lengths, push rod lengths and positions are selected so that the required angular travel of all keys is the same and the actuation behavior is almost identical.

[0013] The short distance between valves 2 / 3 and 2 / 4 requires very short connecting rods 7. To eliminate valve jamming due to excessive axial forces, the point of application of the connecting rods is relocated to the plane of the valve stops / horseshoes 6. This has the advantage of reducing torques perpendicular to the valve axes to a minimum. This is made possible by the compact design with the short connecting rods. In addition, the radius of the pivot points on the valves has been reduced in order to achieve short travel distances and shorter lever lengths. This design significantly reduces the risk of valve jamming, leaving more scope for selecting the spring stiffness of the return springs and allowing the instrument to be optimized for exceptionally virtuoso playing.

[0014] According to the invention, the instrument can be designed with or without a removable bell. Clamping is done directly at valve 2 / 3, if desired. The bell supports are then designed as screwable supports.

Claims

[1] A trumpet consisting of a mouthpipe 1, a four-valve rotary valve machine stock with associated pressure mechanism and a bell 3 characterized by that at least one valve axis is inclined relative to the axes of the other valves. [2] A trumpet according to claim 1, wherein the pipe run of the lead pipe 1, the valve 2 / 1 (extension by a whole tone), the valve 2 / 2 (extension by a semitone) and the valve 2 / 4 (extension by a fourth or 1 1 / 2 tones) is arranged in a row, and the valve bend 2 / 4z is in a plane with the valve bend of valve 2 / 1 and parallel to the lead pipe 1. [3] A trumpet according to claim 2, wherein the transition to valve 2 / 3 runs at an angle between 60° and 120°, preferably 90° to the leadpipe axis and the valve axis distance between valve 2 / 3 and 2 / 4 is between 35 and 120 mm, preferably between 35 and 60 mm, with a tilt of valve 2 / 3 by 20° to 45°. [4] A trumpet according to claim 3, wherein due to the tilting of the valve 2 / 3, the valve loops 2 / 3z and 2 / 4z belonging to the valves run parallel to each other in different planes and the outlet of the valve 2 / 3, to which the bell 3 is connected, still points upwards. [5] A trumpet according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the first bend of the falls 8 extends upwards and lies in a plane which is approximately perpendicular to the plane of the valve bend 2 / 4z and parallel to the lead pipe 1. [6] A trumpet according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the valve mechanism is positioned approximately centrally between valves 2 / 3 and 2 / 4 and the axis of the pushers runs approximately parallel to the axis of the leadpipe 1. The valve leaves of valves 2 / 1, 2 / 2 and 2 / 4 are pushed by the pusher mechanism, and the valve leaf of valve 2 / 3 is pulled. [7] A trumpet according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the lever lengths, push rod lengths and positions and angles are selected so that the necessary angular travel of all keys is the same and the actuation behavior is almost identical. [8] A trumpet according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the point of action of the push rods 7 is moved to the plane of the valve stops 6, and the torque component acting perpendicular to the valve axis is to be reduced to a minimum. [9] A trumpet according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the valve lengths of valves 2 / 3 and 2 / 4 are interchanged, so that the shorter valve loop 2 / 3z (extension by 1 1 / 2 whole tones) is operated by valve 2 / 4 and lies in a plane with the leadpipe and the longer valve loop 2 / 4z (extension by a fourth) is operated by valve 2 / 3 and lies below the other valve loops due to the tilted valve. [10] A brass instrument according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the arrangement principle of the valves, leadpipe and bell is applicable to instruments with different tunings, including F, E / E-flat, high C, high B-flat, high A and high G trumpets.

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