Dental instrument and orthodontic system

Abstract

Dental instrument comprising: a first shell-shaped body (10) configured to receive maxillary teeth and a second shell-shaped body (20) configured to receive mandibular teeth, wherein a buccal or lingual lateral surface of a posterior region of the first shell-shaped body (10) is provided with a first-type protrusion (11), a buccal or lingual lateral surface of a posterior region of the second shell-shaped body (20) is provided with a position limiting section (21) that interacts with the first-type protrusion (11), and the first-type protrusion (11) and the position limiting section (21) interact to establish a relative positional relationship between the maxilla and mandible;an occlusal surface of the posterior region of the first shell-shaped body (10) or the second shell-shaped body (20) is provided with a second-type protrusion (12) projecting towards an opposing jaw, and a protrusion height of the second-type protrusion (12) compensates for a jaw opening space formed by the interaction of the first-type protrusion (11) and the position limiting section (21) in the posterior region to stabilize an occlusal state.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELDEmbodiments of the present application belong to the field of orthodontic technology and relate in particular to the production technology of orthodontic appliances, in particular to a dental instrument and an orthodontic system.BACKGROUNDThe term malocclusion deformity refers to a dislocation of the teeth, dental arches, jawbones, and cranial locations and relationships. The most common symptoms include denture level, tooth gaps and cross bite. Most of the malocclusion deformities are abnormalities such as irregular tooth position, abnormal occlusion relationship between upper and lower dental arches, abnormal jaw size and shape, and facial deformations caused by inherent genetic factors or acquired environmental factors such as diseases, unhealthy mouth habits and tooth disorders during growth and development of children or after growth and development by trauma, periodontitis and other factors.A tray-shaped dental appliance is a device for the treatment of Malokklusionsdeformitäten. A secure, elastic, transparent polymer material is used in this case, so that the orthodontic process takes place almost unnoticed by others. In the case of protrusive deformities with sagittal jaw position factors, a jaw position reconstruction is required in order to correct the jaw position and to achieve a forward movement of the lower jaw. Depending on the indication, the invisible orthodontic devices for jaw position reconstruction that are customary today are divided into two types: twin block (TB) and autumn (HB). The main difference between the two types is whether the patient has a deep bite. If the patient has a deep bite, TB is used, while HB is used if the patient does not have a deep bite but only an arthrogenic, mandibular deep-over-jet retrognathie. In clinical practice, however, some patients with arthrogenic mandibular retrognathia may have a partial opening deficiency of 1 to 4 mm at the posterior teeth due to curvature problems after the advancement. In these cases, the mere use of the orthodontic HB device for advancement may result in insufficient contact area in the posterior region and instability of jaw posture, and even impair the ability to eat during wearing of the device due to the opening deficiency of the posterior region.SUMMARYThe technical problem to be solved by the embodiments of the present application is to overcome the shortcomings existing in the prior art and to provide a dental instrument and an orthodontic system with which not only the positional relationship between upper and lower jaws can be normalized by the action of the dental instrument, but also occlusion stability after wearing is increased and wearing comfort is improved.The technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present application includes at least one dental instrument including: a first cup-shaped body configured to receive upper jaw teeth; and a second cup-shaped body configured to receive lower jaw teeth, wherein the buccal side surface or lingual side surface of the rear region of the first cup-shaped body is provided with a first-type protrusion, the buccal side surface or lingual side surface of the rear region of the second cup-shaped body is provided with a position limiting portion that cooperates with the first-type protrusion, and the first-type protrusion and the position limiting portion cooperate with each other to adjust the relative positional relationship between the upper and lower jaws; an occlusal surface of the rear region of the first cup-shaped body or the second cup-shaped body is provided with a second type protrusion protruding toward an opposite jaw, and a protrusion height of the second type protrusion compensates a jaw opening space formed by the interaction of the first type protrusion and the position limiting portion in the rear region to stabilize an occlusal state.The technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present application further includes at least one: an orthodontic system including the aforementioned multiple sets of dental instruments including at least one dental instrument as described above.The embodiments of the present application have at least the following advantages and positive effects due to the use of the above technical solutions: a first type protrusion is provided on the buccal side surface or the lingual side surface of the rear region of the first cup-shaped body of the corresponding upper jaw, and a position limiting portion that cooperates with the first type protrusion is provided on the buccal side surface or the lingual side surface of the rear region of the second cup-shaped body of the corresponding lower jaw. By interaction between the first-type construction and the position limiting portion, the relative positional relationship between upper and lower jaws can be adjusted to gradually direct the jaw positions to achieve the proper occlusion relationship. Moreover, on the occlusal surface of the posterior region of the cup-shaped body, a second type protrusion is provided to compensate for the jaw opening space occurring during the relative positional adjustment between the jaws in the posterior region. The second type of protrusion contacts the opposing jaw and increases the contact area during occlusion in the posterior region, thereby increasing occlusion stability and improving the wearer's chewing experience.In some embodiments, the first type protrusion extends along a gingival-tooth direction toward the second cup-shaped body and at least partially covers the buccal side surface of the second cup-shaped body; the position limiting portion extends along the gingival-tooth direction toward the first cup-shaped body and at least partially covers the buccal side surface of the first cup-shaped body; a mesial surface of the first type protrusion interacts with a distal surface of the position limiting portion to adjust the relative positional relationship between upper and lower jaws in the sagittal direction, or a distal surface of the first type protrusion interacts with a mesial surface of the position limiting portion to adjust the relative positional relationship between upper and lower jaws in the sagittal direction. The positions and structures of the first-type protrusion and the position limiting portion are made clear so that the first-type protrusion interacts with the position limiting portion, thereby adjusting the relative positional relationship between upper and lower jaws in the sagittal direction.In some embodiments, the second type protrusion covers at least one tooth on the cup-shaped body located in the jaw opening space. The second type projection covers at least one tooth to increase the contact area and ensure the stability of the occlusion.In some embodiments, the jaw opening space includes a corresponding space of a second molar, and the second type protrusion covers at least one tooth other than the second molar on the cup-shaped body located in the jaw opening space. The second type construction does not cover the second molar. This is because the second molar is the last tooth. The second type protrusion that does not cover the second molar can prevent interference with opening of the teeth and can also prevent the cup-shaped body from dropping off during wearing.In some embodiments, a tooth position in which the second type protrusion is disposed is different from a tooth position in which the first type protrusion is disposed. Different protrusions are located in the different tooth positions to avoid excessive adhesions in the same tooth position, which is convenient for maintaining the approximate uniformity of the device membrane.In some embodiments, both the first type protrusion and the second type protrusion are disposed on the first cup-shaped body, and the tooth position where the second type protrusion is disposed is adjacent to the tooth position where the first type protrusion is disposed. The adjacent tooth positions of the first type projection and the second type projection cause the action positions for adjusting the intermaxillary relationship and stabilizing the occlusion to abut each other, which promotes stable occlusion.In some embodiments, the second type of protrusion is arranged to correspond to the occlusal surface of the tooth at the corresponding position of the opposing jaw. Such an arrangement provides better support force and more stable occlusion.In some embodiments, when the first cup-shaped body interacts with the second cup-shaped body, the occlusal surface of the second-type construction is in offset engagement with the occlusal surface of the tooth at the corresponding position of the opposing jaw. Due to the offset engagement of the occlusion surfaces, the contact surface during the occlusion is additionally enlarged and the occlusion state is thereby stabilized.In some embodiments, the second type protrusion is provided with a reinforcing structure to increase the strength of the second type protrusion. The reinforcing structure of the second type protrusion may increase strength and prevent damage to the second type protrusion.In some embodiments, the reinforcing structure is configured as a reinforcing rib provided on the buccal side surface and / or the lingual side surface of the second type construction. The reinforcing rib serving as a reinforcing structure is preferable because the reinforcing rib can be molded in one step during processes such as sheet pressing. The design of the reinforcing ribs can reduce changes in processing steps and allow adaptation to existing procedures.In some embodiments, the second type protrusion has a hollow structure, and the reinforcing structure is a filling body filled in the second type protrusion. The packing in the hollow structure can increase the strength of the second type protrusion, which is a simple and effective method.In some embodiments, the elastic modulus of the material of the first type protrusion and / or the second type protrusion is greater than the elastic modulus of the material of the first shell-shaped body. The use of materials having different elastic moduli can increase the strength of the structures.In some embodiments, the second type protrusions in at least two sets of the dental instruments have different heights along a longitudinal axis direction of the tooth. During orthodontic treatment, the height of the second type of prosthetic device varies along the longitudinal axis of the tooth and adjusts to the gradually varying height of the jaw opening space as the treatment proceeds.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGSFIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a first cup-shaped body in a dental instrument in an embodiment of the present application; FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a second cup-shaped body in a dental instrument in an embodiment of the present application; FIG. 3 is a side view of the occlusion state of the first cup-shaped body and the second cup-shaped body of the dental instrument in an embodiment of the present application; FIG. 4 is a partial schematic diagram of the connection portion between a first-type protrusion and the first cup-shaped body in an embodiment of the present application; FIG. 5 is a side view of the occlusion state of the first cup-shaped body and the second cup-shaped body of the dental instrument in an embodiment of the present application; FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a first cup-shaped body in a dental instrument in an embodiment of the present application; FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a first cup-shaped body in a dental instrument in an embodiment of the present application; FIG. 8 is a side view of the occlusion state of the first cup-shaped body and the second cup-shaped body of the dental instrument in an embodiment of the present application; FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the first cup-shaped body in a dental instrument in an embodiment of the present application; FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the first cup-shaped body in a dental instrument in an embodiment of the present application; FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the second cup-shaped body in a dental instrument in an embodiment of the present application; and FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of the second cup-shaped body in a dental instrument in an embodiment of the present application.DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTSIn order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the related art, the specific implementations of the present application will be explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. Provided that no conflicts occur, the embodiments and technical features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with one another. Further drawings can be derived for those skilled in the art based on these drawings without inventive complexity.In order to keep the drawings clear, only the portions relating to the present application and not representing the actual structure of the product are schematically illustrated in the drawings. Moreover, for the sake of clarity and intelligibility of the drawings, in some figures only one of the components having the same structure or function is schematically illustrated in each case or only one of them is identified. In this document, "one" means not only "only one" but may also mean "more than one".An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a dental instrument. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the dental instrument includes: a first cup-shaped body 10 configured to receive upper jaw teeth; and a second cup-shaped body 20 configured to receive lower jaw teeth. The buccal side surface of the rear region of the first cup-shaped body 10 is provided with a protrusion 11 of the first type. The buccal side surface of the rear region of the second cup-shaped body 20 is provided with a position limiting portion 21 which cooperates with the first type protrusion 11. The first-type projection 11 and the position limiting portion 21 interact with each other to adjust the relative positional relationship between the upper and lower jaws.Hereinafter, the relevant terms mentioned herein will be first explained. The "posterior region" is defined according to the tooth classification in the second edition of "Introduction to Oral Medicine" edited by Beking University Medical Press, pp. 36-38, and includes premolars and molars indicated as teeth 4-8 using the FDI notation method, and the anterior region is indicated as teeth 1-3 using the FDI notation method. Moreover, the mesial and distal surfaces are the two surfaces of the tooth crown that are adjacent to the adjacent teeth and collectively referred to as adjacent surfaces. The surface closer to the center line of the face is referred to as a mesial surface, and the surface farther from the center line of the face is referred to as a distal surface. Moreover, the sagittal plane is an anatomical term. The human body is divided into left and right halves, the left and right subsection being sagittal planes, while the equally sized left and right subsection are referred to as the central sagittal plane. According to the medical imaging technique terminology published in 2020, the sagittal direction refers to a direction parallel to the sagittal plane in which the center line of the X-rays originates from the front or back of the subject's body.As shown in FIG. 3, in some embodiments, the first type protrusion 11 extends along a gum-tooth direction toward the second cup-shaped body 20 and at least partially covers the buccal side surface of the second cup-shaped body 20. the position limiting portion 21 extends along the gum-tooth direction toward the first cup-shaped body 10 and at least partially covers the buccal side surface of the first cup-shaped body 10. A mesial surface 112 of the first-type projection 11 interacts with a distal surface 211 of the position limiting portion 21 to adjust the relative positional relationship between upper and lower jaws in the sagittal direction. It is understood that the first type projection 11 and the cooperative position limiting portion 21 may be respectively disposed on the two buccal side surfaces, so that the jaws can be guided from both sides and the occlusion state can be stabilized by the combined effect of both sides.In some embodiments, the first type protrusion 11 and the position limiting portion 21 are in the form of ratchet teeth. The portion near the joint with the cup-shaped body may be referred to as a root, and the portion off the root may be referred to as a tip. In practical applications, the root of each first-type protrusion 11 and the position limiting portion 21 gradually narrows toward the tip. In some embodiments, the gingival end of the first type prosthetic 11 may be flush with the gingival margin line with the tip facing the opposite jaw tooth, and the gingival end of the position limiting portion 21 may be flush with the gingival margin line with the tip facing the opposite jaw tooth. The longitudinal axis directions of the first type protrusion 11 and the position limiting portion 21 are parallel to each other. It is worth noting that the engagement portion between the first type protrusion 11 / the position limiting portion 21 and the cup-shaped body in which they are arranged cannot be higher than the occlusal surface (also known as maxillofacial surface), as shown by dotted circle A in FIG. 4. The first type protrusion 11 and the position limiting portion 21 extending from the upper and lower jaws, respectively, can interact with each other during biting of the wearer. The first-type projection 11 of the first cup-shaped body 10 exerts a sagittal upward and forward force on the position limiting portion 21 of the second cup-shaped body 20, and the position limiting portion 21 of the second cup-shaped body 20 exerts a sagittal upward and rearward force on the first-type projection 11. These forces tend to restore the correct position of the tooth and jaw area and thus serve the purpose of treating Malokklusionsdeformitäten.It is noteworthy that in the design, the inside of the extended portion does not collide with the teeth of the opposing jaw, and the extended portion does not collide with the tip of the teeth of the opposing jaw. At this time, the tips of the extended portions of the upper and lower jaws do not collide, so that the occlusion process is not obstructed.In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 5, the first type protrusion 11 on the first cup-shaped body 10 and the position limiting portion 21 on the second cup-shaped body 20 may each be provided with a reinforcing rib 111 having an uneven structure on the buccal side surface. The reinforcing rib 111 is disposed along the longitudinal axis direction of the teeth to increase the strength of the first-type protrusion 11 and the position limiting portion 21, thus preventing damage during occlusion or interaction.Further, in some embodiments, an occlusal surface of the rear region of the first cup-shaped body 10 is provided with a second-type protrusion 12 protruding toward an opposite jaw, and a protrusion height of the second-type protrusion 12 compensates a jaw opening space formed by the interaction of the first-type protrusion 11 and the position limiting portion 21 in the rear region to stabilize an occlusion state. In some embodiments, the second type protrusion 12 covers a tooth on the cup-shaped body (i.e., the first cup-shaped body 10) located in the jaw opening space, and its maximum height may be less than or equal to 4 mm. Although the height is limited to less than or equal to 4 mm in this embodiment, it may be 2 mm, 1.5 mm, etc., for example. In some embodiments, the height may also be designed to other values, for example 6 mm, which may be designed according to the actual requirements of the physician, and is not limited here.In an embodiment, a tooth position where the first type protrusion 11 is disposed may be different from a tooth position where the second type protrusion 12 is disposed. In some embodiments, when the first type protrusion 11 and the second type protrusion 12 are disposed on the same cup-shaped body (for example, the first cup-shaped body 10), the tooth position where the second type protrusion 12 is disposed adjoins the tooth position where the first type protrusion 11 is disposed. As shown in FIG. 3, the first type protrusion 11 is in tooth position 5 and the second type protrusion 12 is in tooth position 4. The tooth positions of these protrusions can be determined depending on the actual need as well as the height and position of the jaw opening space.In an embodiment, the tooth position where the first type protrusion 11 is disposed may be the same as the tooth position where the second type protrusion 12 is disposed. For example, both the first-type protrusion 11 and the second-type protrusion 12 are arranged in the tooth position 4. In practical applications, an arrangement in the tooth position 5 can also occur, but a enumeration of these does not take place here.It is noteworthy that in some embodiments, the second type of projection 12 is arranged to correspond to the occlusal surface of the tooth at the corresponding position of the opposing jaw. In one embodiment, there is no deviation between upper and lower jaws. Then, when the jaws of the wearer of the dental appliance in this embodiment of the present application are in occlusion, the positions of the dental arches in the rear regions of the upper and lower jaws are substantially aligned. As shown in FIG. 1, the second type projection 12 may protrude from the center of its tooth position, with the dental arch lines distributed approximately symmetrically on the occlusal surface. In another embodiment, there is a deviation between upper jaw and lower jaw. During the occlusion, the dental arches are then offset and misaligned in the rear region of the upper and lower jaw. As shown in FIG. 6, the protruding position of the second type protrusion 121 may be displaced toward the buccal side. Or, as shown in FIG. 7, the protruding position of the second type protrusion 122 may be displaced toward the lingual side. The protruding position depends on the direction of the deviation. When the upper jaw is displaced to the right relative to the lower jaw, the second-type left buccal progression is displaced toward the lingual side and the second-type right buccal progression is displaced toward the buccal side.In some embodiments, the second type protrusion 12 is provided with a reinforcing structure to increase the strength of the second type protrusion 12. As shown in FIG. 3, the reinforcing structure in this embodiment is configured as a reinforcing rib 131 provided on the buccal and / or lingual side of the second type protrusion 124. That is, the reinforcing rib 131 on the second type protrusion 124 may be disposed on both the lingual and buccal sides, or only on the lingual side, or only on the buccal side (not shown in the figure). The reinforcing rib may be uneven and disposed along the longitudinal axis direction of the tooth, which may increase resistance to deformation in the longitudinal axis direction and reduce the risk of biting damage to the second type protrusion 124.It is further noted that in some embodiments, when the first cup-shaped body 10 interacts with the second cup-shaped body 20, the occlusal surface of the second-type projection 12 is in offset engagement with the occlusal surface of the tooth at the corresponding position of the opposing jaw. The offset engagement between the occlusal surfaces further increases the contact area during occlusion, which is similar to the anatomical design of the occlusal surface of the second type projection 12. Such an arrangement increases the contact area between upper and lower jaws during occlusion and effectively improves the stability of the occlusion condition.In some embodiments, the second type projection 12 is integrated into the cup-shaped body on which it resides. In practical applications, the integrated structure can be achieved by the foil hot pressing technology. The specific foil hot pressing process generally includes: A physical dental model is produced by 3D printing based on the corresponding digital dental model and a series of digital interdental models. A membrane is then hot pressed onto the model to obtain a cup-shaped dental appliance to enclose the shape of the teeth. The tray-shaped dental appliance enclosing the shape of the teeth is then cut along the gingival line or adjacent to the gingival line to obtain a tray-shaped orthodontic appliance capable of receiving teeth.It is understood that by the introduction of the above technical solution, a first type projection 11 is provided on the buccal side surface or lingual side surface of the rear region of the first cup-shaped body 10 of the corresponding maxilla, and a position limiting portion 21 cooperating with the first type projection 11 is provided on the buccal side surface or lingual side surface of the rear region of the second cup-shaped body 20 of the corresponding maxilla. By interaction between the first-type projection 11 and the position limiting portion 21, the relative positional relationship between upper and lower jaws can be adjusted to gradually direct the jaw positions to achieve the proper occlusion relationship. In some embodiments, a second type projection 12 is provided on the occlusal surface of the posterior region of the shell-shaped body to compensate for the jaw opening space occurring during the relative positional adjustment between the jaws in the posterior region. The second type of projection 12 contacts the opposing jaw and increases the contact area during occlusion in the posterior region, thereby increasing occlusion stability and improving the wearer's chewing experience. In addition, the positions and structures of the first-type protrusion 11 and the position limiting portion 21 are made clear, so that the first-type protrusion 11 interacts with the position limiting portion 21, thereby adjusting the relative positional relationship between upper and lower jaws in the sagittal direction. In some embodiments, such an arrangement provides better support force and more stable occlusion. Moreover, in some embodiments, different protrusions are disposed in different tooth positions to avoid excessive adhesions in the same tooth position, which is useful for maintaining the approximate uniformity of the device membrane. In some embodiments, the adjacent tooth positions of the first type projection and the second type projection cause the action positions for adjusting the intermaxillary relationship and stabilizing the occlusion to abut each other, which is more conducive to stable occlusion.It is to be noted that although the above embodiment shows a configuration in which a mesial surface of the first-type projection 11 interacts with a distal surface of the position limiting portion 21 to adjust the relative positional relationship between upper and lower jaws in the sagittal direction, in practical applications, a distal surface 211 of the first-type projection 11 may interact with a mesial surface 112 of the position limiting portion 21 to adjust the relative positional relationship between upper and lower jaws in the sagittal direction. That is, in some embodiments, the first type protrusion 11 is located on the distal side of the position limiting portion 21, but in practical applications, the position limiting portion 21 may be located on the distal side of the first type protrusion 11 as needed. It is understood that the direction of the corrective force to be applied can be determined according to different malocclusion relationships so as to design different positional relationships between the first-type construction 11 and the position limiting portion 21.Note that, in some embodiments, the first type protrusion 11 and the position limiting portion 21 are disposed on the buccal side of the rear region. However, in practical applications, the first type protrusion 11 and the position limiting portion 21 may be disposed on the lingual side of the rear region as shown in FIGS. 11 and 12. The principle of their interaction is similar and will not be explained in more detail here.In some embodiments, the second type protrusion 12 is disposed on the first cup-shaped body 10. However, in practical applications, the second type protrusion 12 may be disposed on the second cup-shaped body 20 and have a similar structure, which will not be described further herein. In some embodiments, it is disposed on the first cup-shaped body 10, which promotes force stabilization and additionally stabilizes the occlusion state.An embodiment of the present application further provides a dental instrument. This embodiment differs from the previous embodiment in that in the previous embodiment, the second type protrusion 12 covers one tooth, while in this embodiment, the second type protrusion 12 covers two teeth. By covering a plurality of teeth, the contact area during occlusion can be further increased, and thus the stability of the occlusion can be effectively improved.In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 8, the second type progression 125 specifically covers the first premolar 13 and the second premolar 14 in the posterior region. In some embodiments, if there are orifice imperfections on both sides of the dental jaw, second type projections 12 are provided on both sides of the dental instrument. The maximum height of the second type protrusions 12 on both sides in the vertical direction may be set according to the opening deformations and may be different.In some embodiments, when the jaw opening space includes a corresponding space of a second molar, the second-type protrusion 12 covers at least one tooth other than the second molar on the cup-shaped body located in the jaw opening space. That is, even when there is an opening deformation in the space corresponding to the second molar, the second type protrusion 12 is designed not to cover the second molar.It is further noted that the first type protrusion 11 may be disposed on both sides of the mesial buccal side of the first molar in some embodiments. Other structural definitions are similar to those described in the previous embodiment and are not repeated here.It is noteworthy that, as shown in FIG. 9, the second type protrusion 123 may cover more teeth in some embodiments, such as specifically the first premolars 13, the second premolars 14, and the first molars 15 in the posterior region. There are still other forms of covering which are not listed here. In some embodiments, the second type protrusion 126 may be provided with reinforcing ribs 132 on the buccal and lingual sides, as shown in FIG. 10. The specific structure will not be described in detail here.It will be appreciated that in some embodiments, the second type multiple teeth covering protrusion 12 may further increase the occlusion area of the posterior region and stabilize the occlusion condition. In some embodiments, the second type projection 12 does not cover the second molar. This is because the second molar is the last tooth. The second type protrusion 12 that does not cover the second molar can prevent interference with opening of the teeth and can also prevent the cup-shaped body from dropping off during wearing.Note that the "second type protrusion 121, the "second type protrusion 122, the "second type protrusion 123, the "second type protrusion 124, the "second type protrusion 125, and the "second type protrusion 126" in the above embodiments are other expressions for the "second type protrusion 12" in corresponding embodiments.An embodiment of the present application further provides a dental instrument. This embodiment is different from the previous embodiment in that in the previous embodiment, the reinforcing rib 111 is used as a reinforcing structure of the second type protrusion 12, while in this embodiment, a filler filled in the second type protrusion 12 is used as a reinforcing structure.In some embodiments, the second type protrusion 12 has a hollow structure, and the reinforcing structure is a packing filled in the second type protrusion 12. In some embodiments, the shape of the packing body matches the inner diameter of the second type protrusion 12. The packing in the hollow structure can increase the strength of the second type protrusion 12, which is a simple and effective method.In some embodiments, the material of the packing is resin. In practical applications, the packing and the dental instrument can be supplied separately to the user, and the user is instructed to put the packing in the hollow part of the cup-shaped body before carrying the dental instrument, which is convenient and practical.It will be appreciated that the dental instrument in the above embodiment provides a further implementation of the reinforcement structure which extends the implementation of the reinforcement structure of the construction in practical applications so that it is applicable to different application scenarios.It is worth noting that in addition to using the reinforcing rib and the inner packing in the aforementioned embodiments to increase the strength of the second type protrusion 12, it is also possible to use materials having a higher elastic modulus for manufacturing the second type protrusion 12, and that the strength of the protrusion can be improved by selecting materials having other elastic moduli. In a similar manner, a similar design can also be adopted for the first type construction 11, which, however, is not described in detail here.It is also to be noted that the various forms of the reinforcement structure mentioned in the above embodiments may be used individually or in combination to adapt to different application scenarios and design requirements and will not be described further herein.An embodiment of the present application further provides a dental instrument. This embodiment is different from the previous embodiment in that the dental instrument of the previous embodiment is manufactured using the foil hot press technology, while the dental instrument of this embodiment is manufactured using 3D printing.In some embodiments, the specific manufacturing process is to print and produce the designed digital model of the tray-shaped dental appliance with 3D printing. In this method, when designing the digital model of the dental instrument, only the required structure needs to be laid out on the model and then printed out together in one step during the printing phase without further processes. The resultant dental instrument has good strength and durability. In some embodiments, the additive manufacturing process may be SLA (stereo lithography appearance) or DLP (digital light processing) printing or other 3D printing technologies, not listed herein.In some embodiments, the second type protrusion 12 has a solid structure. The rigid structure is advantageously suitable for reducing the deformation of the dental instrument during occlusion and may increase the rigidity of the dental instrument.It is evident that the dental instrument manufactured by 3D printing has simple procedures and good stiffness, which are suitable for different application scenarios.It is noteworthy that, in addition to integrated dental instruments, divided dental instruments can also be used, i.e. the protrusion 12 of the second type is produced as a self-contained component and connected to the shell-shaped body by adhesive bonding, welding or clinching.An embodiment of the present application also provides an orthodontic system that includes multiple sets of dental instruments that include at least one dental instrument as described in any of the previous embodiments.In some embodiments, multiple sets of dental instruments have a geometry that incrementally repositions the teeth from a home position to a target orthodontic position. In some embodiments, the protrusion height of the second type protrusions 12 protruding toward the opposite jaw decreases stepwise on different sets of dental instruments for adjusting the positional relationship between upper and lower jaws in the course of the orthodontic process. In some embodiments, the tooth correction in three phases is used as an example, with different dental instruments being used for tooth correction in each phase. For example, the dental instrument used in the second phase is the dental instrument used after the first phase, and the dental instrument used in the third phase is the dental instrument used after the second phase. The difference between the dental instruments used in the three phases is that the protrusion height of the second type protrusion 12 protruding toward the opposing jaw on the dental instrument used in the second correction phase is lower than the protrusion height of the second type protrusion 12 protruding toward the opposing jaw on the dental instrument used in the first correction phase, and that the protrusion height of the second type protrusion 12 protruding toward the opposing jaw on the dental instrument used in the third correction phase is lower than the protrusion height of the second type protrusion 12 protruding toward the opposing jaw on the dental instrument used in the second correction phase. It is noteworthy that a patient must wear a series of tray-shaped dental instruments for correction during orthodontic treatment and that the geometric shape rules of these tray-shaped dental instruments can be related to the above examples. A tray-shaped dental appliance is worn for 7-14 days; and in order to achieve the desired orthodontic effect, a plurality of tray-shaped dental appliances are provided to the patients depending on the type of case and the degree of complexity.The embodiments of the present application are described above in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present application is not limited to the above embodiments. Various changes may be made to this application. When these changes fall within the scope of the claims and their equivalent technologies of the present application, they still fall within the scope of the present application.

Claims

A dental instrument comprising: a first shell-shaped body (10) configured to receive upper jaw teeth; and a second shell-shaped body (20) configured to receive lower jaw teeth, wherein a buccal side surface or lingual side surface of a rear region of the first shell-shaped body (10) is provided with a first-type projection (11), a buccal side surface or lingual side surface of a rear region of the second shell-shaped body (20) is provided with a position limiting portion (21) that cooperates with the first-type projection (11), and the first-type projection (11) and the position limiting portion (21) cooperate with each other to adjust a relative positional relationship between upper and lower jaws; an occlusal surface of the rear region of the first cup-shaped body (10) or the second cup-shaped body (20) is provided with a second type protrusion (12) protruding toward an opposite jaw, and a protrusion height of the second type protrusion (12) compensates a jaw opening space formed by the interaction of the first type protrusion (11) and the position limiting portion (21) in the rear region to stabilize an occlusal state.The dental instrument according to claim 1, wherein the first type protrusion (11) extends along a gum-tooth direction towards the second shell-shaped body (20) and at least partially covers the buccal side surface of the second shell-shaped body (20); The position limiting portion (21) extends along the gingival-tooth direction toward the first cup-shaped body and at least partially covers the buccal side surface of the first cup-shaped body, a mesial surface (112) of the first-type protrusion (11) interacts with a distal surface (211) of the position limiting portion (21) to adjust the relative positional relationship between upper and lower jaws in the sagittal direction, or a distal surface (211) of the first-type protrusion (11) interacts with a mesial surface (112) of the position limiting portion (21) to adjust the relative positional relationship between upper and lower jaws in the sagittal direction.The dental instrument according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the second type protrusion (12) covers at least one tooth on the cup-shaped body located in the jaw opening space.The dental instrument according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the jaw opening space comprises a corresponding space of a second molar and the second type protrusion (12) covers at least one tooth other than the second molar on the cup-shaped body located in the jaw opening space.Dental instrument according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a maximum height of the second type protrusion (12) is less than or equal to 4 mm.The dental instrument according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a tooth position in which the second type protrusion (12) is disposed is different from a tooth position in which the first type protrusion (11) is disposed.The dental instrument according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein both the first type protrusion (11) and the second type protrusion (12) are disposed on the first shell-shaped body (10), and the tooth position where the second type protrusion (12) is disposed is adjacent to the tooth position where the first type protrusion (11) is disposed.The dental instrument according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein, when the first cup-shaped body (10) interacts with the second cup-shaped body (20), the occlusal surface of the second-type construction (12) is in offset engagement with the occlusal surface of the tooth in the corresponding position of the opposite jaw.The dental instrument according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the second type protrusion (12) is provided with a reinforcing structure to increase the strength of the second type protrusion (12).The dental instrument according to claim 9, wherein the reinforcing structure is configured as a reinforcing rib provided on the buccal side surface and / or the lingual side surface of the second type construction (12).The dental instrument of claim 9, wherein the second type protrusion (12) has a hollow structure, and the reinforcing structure is a packing filled in the second type protrusion (12).Dental instrument according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the second type protrusion (12) is integrated into the cup-shaped body on which it is located.The dental instrument of claim 12, wherein the integrated structure is obtained by 3D printing and the second type protrusion (12) is a solid structure.Dental instrument according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the second type protrusion (12) is connected to the cup-shaped body by gluing, welding or clinching.An orthodontic system comprising a plurality of sets of dental instruments, the plurality of sets of dental instruments comprising at least one dental instrument according to any one of claims 1 to 14.The orthodontic system of claim 15, wherein the plurality of sets of dental instruments have a geometry that incrementally repositions the teeth from a home position to a target orthodontic position.The orthodontic system of claim 15 or 16, wherein the second type protrusions (12) have different heights along a longitudinal axis direction of the tooth in at least two sets of the dental instruments.

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