SWITCHING MODULE AND ON-LOAD TAP-CHANGER WITH SWITCHING MODULE

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a switching module and a load changeover switch with a switching module.

[0002] On-load tap-changers are known from the prior art and usually have a diverter switch and a selector. The diverter switch, with its vacuum interrupters and switching resistors, is housed in a cylindrical container. The selector is constructed from a plurality of bars arranged in a circle. Contacts are arranged at different levels on these bars, serving as connections for a regulating winding. Within the selector, two selector arms are attached to a switch column. These arms contact the contacts on the bars. The diverter switch and selector are connected to each other via a gear mechanism. Document DE 20 2012 101477 U1 discloses a switching module for on-load tap-changers, which corresponds to the preamble of claim 1. Another switching module is known from document DE 198 47 745 C1.

[0003] Typically, the diverter switch is designed with the vacuum interrupters arranged in a circle and horizontally aligned on a first level. A cam contour is mounted in the center, between the vacuum interrupters, whose rotation actuates the vacuum interrupters. Additional switching contacts of the diverter switch are arranged on a second level below the vacuum interrupters. The vacuum interrupters and switching contacts are arranged relatively far apart and do not form a structural unit. Wiring is implemented using long cables, sliding contacts, and rails.

[0004] The object of the invention is therefore to create a switching module for on-load tap-changers that is simple and compact in design while still ensuring reliable operation. This object is achieved with a switching module according to claim 1. The features of the subclaims constitute advantageous developments of the invention.

[0005] Another object of the invention is to provide an on-load tap-changer with a switching module which is simple and compact in design.

[0006] This object is achieved with an on-load tap-changer according to claim 7. The features of the subclaims constitute advantageous developments of the invention.

[0007] The invention proposes a switching module for on-load tap-changers, comprising: a plate having a first side and a second side opposite the first side, a vacuum interrupter, a bridge switch, where: the vacuum interrupter is arranged on the first side and the bridge switch, immediately behind the vacuum interrupter, is arranged on the second side.

[0008] This particularly compact design of the switching module saves both space and material. Since the vacuum interrupter is arranged in close proximity to the bridge switch, in particular one behind the other and separated by a plate, maximum use is made of available space. The fixed contacts, and in particular their free ends, are part of the bridge switch. The fixed contacts thus have two functions: current carrying and contact making. Despite the compact design, the respective potentials of the fixed contacts are reliably insulated from one another. This prevents voltage flashovers. The plate not only holds all parts of the switching element but also serves as an insulating medium between the potentials of the fixed contacts. The vacuum interrupter and the bridge switch are preferably arranged one behind the other with their axes parallel.

[0009] The plate can be designed in any desired manner and can be made of, for example, plastic, fiberglass, or another electrically insulating plastic. The bridge switch can be designed in any desired manner, for example, as a rotary switch, slide switch, or toggle switch.

[0010] According to the invention, it is provided that the vacuum interrupter has a first contact and a second contact, the first contact has a first fixed contact and the second contact has a second fixed contact, the first fixed contact and the second fixed contact are formed such that they extend from the first side to the second side through the plate.

[0011] According to the invention, it is provided that the bridge switch has a movable bridge contact, the movable bridge contact can assume at least three positions, the bridge contact contacts at least one free end of the first fixed contact and at least one free end of the second fixed contact, each individually or simultaneously, and connects them to the load derivation.

[0012] It can be provided that the first fixed contact and the second fixed contact are each formed from one or two electrically conductive wires or conductive copper pieces.

[0013] Each wire or copper piece can be designed as a single piece or in multiple pieces. The free ends of the fixed contacts can be arranged on the second side such that they are adjacent to the vacuum interrupter behind it. The first fixed contact is placed in the first third of the vacuum interrupter, and the second fixed contact is placed in the first, opposite third of the vacuum interrupter.

[0014] It may be provided that the bridge contact has a housing with at least one contact blade, at least one contact blade being electrically connected to the load conductor.

[0015] The contact blade can be designed in any way and, for example, consist of several self-sprung sheets or several spring-loaded contacts. Multiple contact blades can be provided.

[0016] According to a second aspect, the invention proposes an on-load tap-changer with a switching module, wherein a selector and a preselector are arranged on the plate of the switching module.

[0017] This on-load tap-changer is also particularly compact due to its particularly compact switching module and takes up little installation space, which results in a reduction in manufacturing costs and a saving in material.

[0018] It may be provided that a switching resistor or a connecting piece to a choke is arranged on the plate.

[0019] The on-load tap-changer can be designed in any way as required and can be designed, for example, as a resistance tap-changer or reactor tap-changer.

[0020] The invention and its advantages are described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. They show: Figure 1 shows a first side of a switching module; Figure 2 shows a second side of the switching module; Figure 3 shows a schematic sectional view of the switching module. Figure 4 shows an on-load tap-changer with a switching module.

[0021] Identical reference numerals are used for identical or equivalently functioning elements of the invention. Furthermore, for the sake of clarity, only those reference numerals are shown in the individual figures that are necessary for the description of the respective figure. The illustrated embodiments merely represent examples of how the switching module according to the invention can be designed; and thus do not represent a conclusive limitation of the invention.

[0022] Figure 1shows a switching module 1 according to the invention for an on-load tap-changer 2. The switching module 1 has a plate 3 made of a plastic, glass-fiber-reinforced plastic, or another electrically insulating material. A vacuum interrupter 10 is attached to a first side 3.1 of the plate 3. The vacuum interrupter 10 has a first contact 11 and a second contact 15. The first contact 11 is designed as a movable contact, and the second contact 15 as a fixed contact. The first contact 11 is movably mounted in a bearing block 30. The bearing block 30 is mechanically connected to the plate 3. Furthermore, a rocker arm 31 is fastened to the bearing block 30. A first end of the rocker arm 31 is mechanically connected to the first contact 11. The second end of the rocker arm 31, which is opposite the first end, has a roller 34.A cam disc 32, which is attached to a drive shaft 33, acts upon the roller 34 of the rocker arm 31 when rotating, resulting in a movement of the first contact 11. This opens or closes the vacuum interrupter 10. The bearing block 30 serves as a guide for the first contact 11 and as a bearing for the rocker arm 31. The cam disc 32 is arranged on a second side 3.2 of the plate 3.

[0023] Furthermore, a first fixed contact 12 is mechanically and electrically connected to the first contact 11. In the example shown here, this is designed in two parts and consists of two bent, conductive wires. The first fixed contact 12 is electrically connected to the first contact 11 at its ends, and its free ends 12.1, 12.2 protrude on the second side 3.2 of the plate 3. The two conductive wires of the first fixed contact 12 run laterally along the vacuum interrupter 10. In the first third of the vacuum interrupter, the wires bend and extend from the first side 3.1 of the plate 3 to the second side 3.2.

[0024] In a similar manner, a second fixed contact 16 is also electrically connected to the second contact 15 of the vacuum interrupter 10. The second fixed contact 16 also consists of two conductive wires, the ends of which are mechanically and electrically connected to the second contact 15, while the free ends 16.1, 16.2 protrude on the second side 3.2 of the plate 3 next to the vacuum interrupter 10. The electrical connection between the second contact 15 and the second fixed contact 16, in particular the two conductive wires, can be made directly or via a conductive bridge 19.

[0025] The first contact 11 is also electrically connected to a selector arm or a choke of the on-load tap-changer 2. The second contact 15 is electrically connected to a transfer resistor or a choke of the on-load tap-changer 2.

[0026] The fixed contacts 12, 16 are inserted through the plate 3 during assembly or are overmolded using the injection molding process.

[0027] Figure 2shows the second side 3.2 of plate 3 of the switching module 1. The vacuum interrupter 10 is arranged directly behind the bridge switch with a movable bridge contact 20. The movable bridge contact 20 of the bridge switch 40 is arranged between the free ends 12.1, 12.2, 16.1, 16.2 of the projecting fixed contacts 12, 16. The movable bridge contact 20 has a first and a second contact blade 21, 22, which are arranged in a bearing manner on a housing 26. When the movable bridge contact 20 is actuated, the contact blades 21, 22 contact only the free ends 12.1, 12.2 of the first fixed contact 12 in a first position A, the free ends 12.1, 12.2, 16.1, 16.2 of the first and second fixed contacts 12, 16 in a second position B and the free ends 16.1, 16.2 of the second fixed contact 16 in a third position C. The three positions A, B, C are traversed by a linear movement of the movable bridge contact 20.A connecting rod 23 generates the linear movement by means of a first and a second gear 24, 25 via the drive shaft 33. The contact blades 21, 22 are spring-mounted and electrically connected to a load conductor 35. The combination of the free ends 12.1, 12.2, 16.1, 16.2 of the fixed contacts 12, 16, the movable bridge contact 20 with the housing 26, and the contact blades 21, 22 forms the bridge switch 40.

[0028] As shown in a schematic sectional view in Figure 3As shown, the movable bridge contact 20 of the bridge switch 40 is located directly behind the vacuum interrupter 10, or the vacuum interrupter 10 is located directly behind the movable bridge contact 20 of the bridge switch 40. The central axis 13 of the vacuum interrupter 10 is parallel to the central axis 18 of the movable bridge contact 20. Despite the compact design of the bridge switch 40 and in particular the arrangement of the free ends 12.1, 12.2, 16.1, 16.2 of the fixed contacts 12, 16, the potentials of these fixed contacts 12, 16 are sufficiently separated from one another. The plate 3 serves for fixing and dielectric separation between the fixed contacts 12, 16.

[0029] Figure 4shows an on-load tap-changer 2 with three switching modules 1. These are each mounted on a plate 3 of a switching module 1. Furthermore, in addition to a switching module 1, each plate 3 also houses a selector, a preselector, and a switching resistor. The drive is provided by a motor that actuates the drive shaft 33. List of reference symbols

[0030] 1 Switching module 2 On-load tap-changer 3 Plate 3.1 First side 3.2 Second side 10 Vacuum interrupter 11 First contact 12 First fixed contact 12.1 First free end 12.2 Second free end 13 Central axis 15 Second contact 16 Second fixed contact 16.1 First free end 16.2 Second free end 18 Central axis 19 Conductive bridge 20 Movable bridge contact 21 First contact plate 22 Second contact plate 23 Connecting rod 24 First gear 25 Second gear 26 Housing 30 Bearing block 31 Rocker arm 32 Cam disc 33 Drive shaft 34 Roller 35 Load transfer 40 Bridge switch

Claims

1. A switching module (1) for on-load tap-changers (2), comprising: - a plate (3) having a first side (3.1) and a second side (3.2) opposite the first side (3.1), - a vacuum interrupter (10) having a first contact (11) and a second contact (15), characterized by - a bridge circuit (40) with a movable bridge contact (20), wherein: - the first contact (11) has a first fixed contact (12) and the second contact (15) has a second fixed contact (16), - the first fixed contact (12) and the second fixed contact (16) are designed in such a way that they extend from the first side (3.1) to the second side (3.2) through the plate (3), - the movable bridge contact (20) can be moved into at least three positions (A, B, C), - the bridge contact (20) contacts at least one free end (12.1, 12.2) of the first fixed contact (12) and at least one free end (16.1, 16.2) of the second fixed contact (16) in each case individually or simultaneously and connects these to a load dissipation (35), - the vacuum interrupter (10) is arranged on the first side (3.1) and the bridge circuit (40) is arranged directly behind the vacuum interrupter (10) on the second side (3.2).

2. Switching module (1) for on-load tap-changers (2) according to claim 1, wherein - the first fixed contact (12) and the second fixed contact (16) are each formed from two electrically conductive wires, - the fixed ends of the fixed contacts (12, 16) are mechanically and electrically conductively connected to the first contact (11) and the second contact (15), - the free ends (12.1, 12.2, 16.1, 16.2) of the fixed contacts (12, 16) are arranged on the second side (3.2) in such a way that they surround the vacuum interrupter (10).

3. Switching module (1) for on-load tap-changers (2) according to claim 1 to 2, wherein - the bridge contact (20) has a housing (26) with at least one contact blade (21, 22), - the at least one contact blade (21, 22) is electrically conductively connected to the load dissipation (35).

4. Switching module (1) for on-load tap-changers (2) according to claim 1 to 3, wherein - the bridge contact (20) with the housing (26) and the contact blades (21, 22) and the free ends (12.1, 12.2, 16.1, 16.2) of the fixed contacts (12, 16) form the bridge circuit breaker (40).

5. Switching module (1) for on-load tap-changers (2) according to claim 1 to 4, wherein - a bearing block (30) is provided which serves as a guide for the first contact (11) and as a bearing for a toggle lever (31).

6. Switching module (1) for on-load tap-changers (2) according to claim 1 to 5, wherein - the vacuum interrupter (10) and the bridge circuit (40) are actuated via a common drive shaft (33).

7. On-load tap-changer (2) with a switching module (1) according to claims 1 to 6, wherein - a selector and a change-over selector are arranged on the plate (3).

8. On-load tap-changer (2) according to claim 7, wherein - a transition resistance or a connecting piece to a choke is arranged on the plate (3).