Connection of a detonation tube and a lightweight instantaneous fuse for a residue-free explosive system of a non-electrical detonator

Description

Field of invention

[0001] The invention relates to a connection of detonation tube and lightweight instantaneous fuse for a residue-free explosive system of non-electric detonator used to initiate an industrial explosive in boreholes during underground (tunnelling) or surface (bench blasting) operations.Background of the Invention

[0002] Currently, the residues of detonation tubes, commercially produced non-electric detonators used in blasting operations for rock excavation contaminate the resulting excavated product, the so-called mine run. Subsequently, these detonation tube residues cause difficulties when treating the mine run in process equipment, such as crushers, where the excavation products are disintegrated, or classifiers, where the products are sorted to a desired fraction. As a result of the said contamination, i.e. entry of the detonation tube residues into the said equipment, there are frequent shutdowns of these machines due to the need to clean them from the given residues. In extreme cases, malfunctioning of the said machines may occur. The detonation tube residues that are removed from the mine run using various methods, are an environmental burden and must be disposed subsequently in an environmentally friendly manner. In some sites, the detonation tube residues are not possible to separate technologically nor manually, and, in an extreme case, they are left in the environment where they are often only washed into the sea.

[0003] Therefore, the detonation tube residues are needed to be removed from the excavated mine run, usually a rock, being carried out manually in many cases currently. This fact causes an increase in costs of the blasting work package with treatment of the excavated rock, which is a considerable disadvantage in technological processes involving the use of otherwise highly safe non-electric detonators provided with a low-energy detonation tube. This disadvantage currently limits expansion of usage of non-electric detonators with a detonation tube. On the other hand, some utility and technical parameters of these non-electric detonators have not been surpassed yet. Significant advantages of these detonators include the work-safety aspects especially and the possibility of variability in timing detonating net creation, as well as their high resistance to water and moisture. However, these advantages of the current non-electric detonators of the said type are overshadowed by the mine run contamination with the detonation tube residues. A connector of the known art is disclosed in US 3 306 201 A.Summary of the invention

[0004] The invention is a connection according to claim 1. The above-mentioned drawbacks are eliminated to a decisive extent by a connection of the detonation tube and the lightweight instantaneous fuse for a residue-free explosive system of non-electric detonator, where the non-electric detonator is created only partially by the detonation tube, wherein the detonation tube is connected to lightweight instantaneous fuse via the concerned connection. Summary of the invention is that the connection consists of a tube, in longitudinal opening of which at least one cylindrical seal having inner longitudinal opening arranged on one side of the connection to insert the detonation tube and on the other side of the connection to insert the lightweight instantaneous fuse is attached irremovably. The inserted ends of the detonation tube and the lightweight instantaneous fuse are attached in the said seal also irremovably.

[0005] For the proper functioning, the irremovable attachment of detonation tube and lightweight instantaneous fuse ends in the seal and the irremovable attachment of seal in the tube are carried out preferably via 1 to 4 rims on each side of the connection tube, or the irremovable attachment of detonation tube and lightweight instantaneous fuse ends in the seal and the irremovable attachment of seal in the tube are carried out by gluing.

[0006] In addition, the tube is preferably made of metal, wherein it may be made of aluminium, copper, or steel. However, it is possible to be made of plastic as well. Preferably, outside tube diameter is 4 to 10 mm, longitudinal opening diameter is 3 to 9 mm and tube length is 20 to 80 mm.

[0007] Watertightness of the connection is provided via a flexible seal, which may be preferably either rubber or plastic, wherein the seal is one-piece , according to the invention, or two-piece, not according to the invention, and the outer ends of the seal protruding from the tube are provided with either radius ending, which is safer in terms of potential jamming of the connection when inserting into borehole, or cylindrical ending. From the structural point of view, outer diameter of the seal is preferably 4 to 10 mm; diameter of its inner longitudinal opening is 2 to 9 mm and the seal length is 20 to 80 mm. For the two-piece seal, one or both pieces may have a continuous inner longitudinal opening, or this opening is located at the end (arranged to be placed in the tube); it is made narrower to diameter of 1.4 to 1.6 mm at the length of 1 to 3 mm as a stop.

[0008] In the terms of the operation reliability of this residue-free non-electric detonator when initiating the industrial explosive, the initiation power of the lightweight instantaneous fuse should not be higher than 5 g / m of penthrite or cyclonite.

[0009] By combining the detonation tube and the lightweight instantaneous fuse with the connection in question, a unified whole of a non-electric detonator is formed, ensuring that no plastic waste is generated during the operation, which represents a negative impact of the existing blasting operations, since, in this case, the detonation tube adjusted with the connection in a borehole is completely destroyed in contact with the activated industrial explosive, and the lightweight instantaneous fuse, which is outside of the industrial explosive action, is completely destroyed by its own explosive transformation.

[0010] Thus, the present invention eliminates the existing substantial disadvantage of the need for manual separation of waste residues, wherein minimizing environmental contamination and reducing the risk of clogging or damaging the mine run processing equipment. At the same time, such formed residue-free non-electric detonator meets all the requirements for resistance to mechanical damage when handling (mechanical strength, abrasion and cut resistance), wherein it meets the requirement for electric non-conductivity, while maintaining its original advantage, such as high work safety and potential variability in timing detonating net creation with high water and moisture resistance.Overview of drawings

[0011] The invention will be described in detail using drawings, wherein Fig. 1 shows a non-electric detonator assembly. Fig. 2 shows two connections provided with rims and two-piece seals differing in the diameters of their longitudinal openings for detonation tubes and lightweight instantaneous fuses. Fig. 3 shows two connections with rims and two-piece seals arranged with a higher axial distance of detonation tubes and lightweight instantaneous fuses as compared to Fig. 2. Fig. 4 shows two connections with rims fitted with one-piece seals differing in axial distances of detonation tubes and lightweight instantaneous fuses. Fig. 5 shows a two-piece seal connection provided with a single-row rim at both ends. Fig. 6 shows the connection without rim, where the two-piece seal is glued in the longitudinal opening of the tube, wherein the detonation tube is glued in one inner longitudinal opening of the two-piece seal and the lightweight instantaneous fuse is glued in the other inner hole. One piece of the two-piece seal, the outer end of which is provided with a radius ending and the end of the inner longitudinal opening is provided with a shoulder, is shown in Fig. 7, wherein a similar piece of the two-piece seal having smaller diameter of the inner longitudinal opening with end shoulder is shown in Fig. 8. Similarly, one piece of the two-piece seal having end shoulder of its inner longitudinal opening, which is, however, provided with a cylindrical ending at the outer end, is shown in Fig. 9, wherein Fig. 10 shows a similar piece of the two-piece seal with cylindrical ending and having smaller diameter of the inner longitudinal opening with shoulder.Example embodiments of the invention

[0012] Connection 1 of detonation tube 5 and lightweight instantaneous fuse 6 for residue-free explosive system of non-electric detonator, as shown in Fig. 2, consists of the tube 2, in longitudinal opening of which at least one cylindrical seal 3, 3', 4 having inner longitudinal opening arranged on one side of the connection 1 to insert the detonation tube 5 and on the other side of the connection 1 to insert the lightweight instantaneous fuse 6 is attached irremovably, wherein the inserted ends of the detonation tube 5 and the lightweight instantaneous fuse 6 are attached in the seal 3, 3', 4 also irremovably. Therefore, the seal 3, 3', 4 must be of outside diameter slightly smaller than the diameter of the longitudinal opening of the tube 2 and, at the same time, the diameters of the inner longitudinal opening so that the detonation tube 5 and lightweight instantaneous fuse 6 can be inserted into them. The irremovable attachment of detonation tube 5 and lightweight instantaneous fuse 6 ends in the seal 3, 3', 4, and the seal 3, 3', 4 itself in the tube 2 is carried out either via 1 to 4 rims on each side of the connection 1 tube 2, see Figures 2, 3, 4, and 5, or the irremovable attachment of detonation tube 5 and lightweight instantaneous fuse 6 ends in the seal 3, 3', 4 of the connection 1 is carried out by gluing 8', see Fig. 6.

[0013] In this case, the irremovable attachment of the seal 3, 3', 4 in the tube 2 is carried out also by gluing 8. The tube 2 of the connection 1 may be made of metal, specifically aluminium, copper, or steel, or plastic. The outside diameter of the tube 2 is 4 to 10 mm, preferably 7.5 mm. The internal diameter of the longitudinal opening ranges from 3 to 9 mm, preferably 6.4 mm; its length is 20 to 80 mm, preferably 45 mm. The seal 3, 3', 4 is made of rubber or plastic, wherein it is made as a one-piece seal 3', see for example Fig. 4, or, more often, as a two-piece seal 3, see Figures 2, 3, 5, and 6, largely with outer end protruding from the tube 2 that is provided with a radius ending. However, it is also possible to use the seal 4 having cylindrical ending of the ends protruding from the tube 2, see Figures 9 and 10. The outside diameter of one-piece and two-piece seal 3', 3, 4 is 4 to 10 mm, preferably 6.3 mm, at the diameter of the longitudinal opening of 2 to 9 mm, preferably 3 to 4.5 mm, and at the seal 3', 3, 4 length of 20 to 80 mm, preferably 45 mm. Initiation power of the lightweight instantaneous fuse 6 is 1 to 5 g / m of penthrite or cyclonite, wherein the value of upper limit should not be exceeded.

[0014] As shown in Fig. 1, assembly of the non-electric detonator 9 provides the detonation tube 5 ended with a terminal of the non-electric detonator 9 with explosive filler and seal 10 of the detonator 9. The other end of the detonation tube 5 leads into the connection 1, where the detonation tube 5 is connected to the lightweight instantaneous fuse 6. The connection 1 must be able to provide transfer the detonation from the lightweight instantaneous fuse 6 to the detonation tube 5 that, subsequently, initiates the explosive filler in the non-electric detonator 9 and, then, this initiates the industrial explosive in the borehole. Length of the detonation tube 5 and length of the lightweight instantaneous fuse 6 are chosen so that the whole detonation tube 5 including the connection 1 is inserted into the borehole with industrial explosive and the lightweight instantaneous fuse 6 protrudes from the borehole in a length sufficient to create detonating net in required number of adjusted boreholes by connecting these lightweight instantaneous fuses 6. In this way, as mentioned above, the detonation tube 5 adjusted with the connection 1 in the borehole is completely destroyed by the activated industrial explosive and the lightweight instantaneous fuse 6 placed outside of the industrial explosive action is completely destroyed by its own explosive transformation. In order to provide transfer of detonation from the lightweight instantaneous fuse 6 to the detonation tube 5, it is necessary to ensure the minimum axial distance of both ends of these components does not exceed 20 mm. For reliable detonation transfer, the distance of both the ends is as short as possible preferably, in contact ideally.

[0015] In the sense of the above description, an exemplary connection of the detonation tube 5 of the non-electric detonator 9 with penthrite lightweight instantaneous fuse 6 having explosive filler of 3.2 g / m was performed using the connection 1, the tube 2 of which was made of copper having the outside diameter of 7.5 mm, longitudinal opening diameter of 6.4 mm, and length of 45 mm. The rubber seal 3 consisted of two pieces of outside diameter of 6.3 mm and inner longitudinal opening diameters of 3.15 mm and 4 mm for the detonation tube 5 and the lightweight instantaneous fuse 6, respectively, wherein length of both pieces of the seal 3 was 22 mm coincidently, and both the pieces of the seal 3 was fitted with an inner opening of length of 1.5 mm and diameter of 1.4 mm as a stop on the end, where they come into contact in the connection 1.

[0016] Referring to Fig. 10, this represents a possibility for the seal 4, into which the lightweight instantaneous fuse 6 is adjusted, to be seal off using a thin barrier from 0.1 mm to 1 mm at its end (i.e. It is not pass-through).

[0017] The concerned non-electric detonator 9, shown in an assembly in Fig. 1, was tested, passed the test for abrasion and cut stress and met requirements for non-conductivity according to applicable technical standards.Industrial Applicability

[0018] The detonation tube and lightweight instantaneous fuse for a residue-free explosive system of non-electric detonator with the connection of the invention are applicable industrially to initiate an industrial explosive in boreholes during underground (tunnelling) or surface (bench blasting) operations.

Claims

1. Connection of detonation tube and lightweight instantaneous fuse for a residue-free explosive system of non-electric detonator, wherein it consists of the tube (2), in longitudinal opening of which one one-piece cylindrical seal (3, 3', 4) having inner longitudinal opening arranged on one side of the connection (1) to insert the detonation tube (5) and on the other side of the connection (1) to insert the lightweight instantaneous fuse (6) is attached irremovably, wherein the inserted ends of the detonation tube (5) and the lightweight instantaneous fuse (6) are attached in the seal (3, 3 ', 4) also irremovably.

2. Connection of detonation tube and lightweight instantaneous fuse for a residue-free explosive system of non-electric detonator of claim 1, characterized in that the irremovable attachment of the ends of the detonation tube (5) and the lightweight instantaneous fuse (6) in the seal (3, 3', 4) and of the seal (3, 3', 4) in the tube (2) is carried out via 1 to 4 rims on each sides of the tube (2) of the connection (1).

3. Connection of detonation tube and lightweight instantaneous fuse for a residue-free explosive system of non-electric detonator of claim 1, characterized in that the irremovable attachment of the ends of the detonation tube (5) and the lightweight instantaneous fuse (6) in the seal (3, 3', 4) and of the seal (3, 3', 4) in the tube (2) is carried out by gluing (8, 8').

4. Connection of detonation tube and lightweight instantaneous fuse for a residue-free explosive system of non-electric detonator of claims 1, 2, and 3, characterized in that the tube (2) is made of metal.

5. Connection of detonation tube and lightweight instantaneous fuse for a residue-free explosive system of non-electric detonator of claims 1, 2, 3, and 4, characterized in that the tube (2) is made of aluminium or copper or steel.

6. Connection of detonation tube and lightweight instantaneous fuse for a residue-free explosive system of non-electric detonator of claims 1, 2, and 3, characterized in that the tube (2) is made of plastic.

7. Connection of detonation tube and lightweight instantaneous fuse for a residue-free explosive system of non-electric detonator of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the outside diameter of the tube (2) is 4 to 10 mm, internal diameter of the longitudinal opening is 3 to 9 mm, and its length is 20 to 80 mm.

8. Connection of detonation tube and lightweight instantaneous fuse for a residue-free explosive system of non-electric detonator of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the seal (3, 3', 4) is made of rubber or plastic.

9. Connection of detonation tube and lightweight instantaneous fuse for a residue-free explosive system of non-electric detonator of claims 1 to 3 and 8 to 9, characterized in that the outer ends of the seal (3, 3', 4) protruding from the tube (2) are provided with a radius ending.

10. Connection of detonation tube and lightweight instantaneous fuse for a residue-free explosive system of non-electric detonator of claims 1 to 3 and 8, characterized in that the outer ends of the seal (3, 3', 4) protruding from the tube (2) are provided with a cylindrical ending.

11. Connection of detonation tube and lightweight instantaneous fuse for a residue-free explosive system of non-electric detonator of claims 1 to 3 and 8 to 10, characterized in that the outside diameter of the seal (3, 3', 4) is 4 to 10 mm, the diameter of the inner longitudinal opening is 2 to 9 mm, and the length of the seal (3, 3', 4) is 20 to 80 mm.

12. Connection of detonation tube and lightweight instantaneous fuse for a residue-free explosive system of non-electric detonator of claims 1 to 3 and 8 to 11, characterized in that, for the two-piece seal (3, 4), one or both pieces show the continuous inner longitudinal opening, or this opening is provided at the end arranged to be placed in the tube (2) at the length of 1 to 3 mm to diameter of 1.4 to 1.6 mm.

13. Connection of detonation tube and lightweight instantaneous fuse for a residue-free explosive system of non-electric detonator of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the initiation power of the lightweight instantaneous fuse (6) is 1 to 5 g / m of penthrite or cyclonite.