Transmission with back pressure protection

Abstract

The invention relates to a transmission (10) with a gear (28) rotatable about a gear axis (62) and a rack (26) movable from a first end position to a second end position. The rack (26) has at least one rack tooth (48) which, in the second end position, bears with the front face of its free end against the front face of the free end of a first gear tooth (44a). This contact preferably occurs offset relative to the gear axis (62) in the direction of movement of the rack (26) from the first end position to the second end position. The first gear tooth (44a) has a circumferential surface (52) whose first gear tooth center (54) is offset relative to the gear axis (62). Preferably, this overall offset (60) is provided at least partially in the direction of movement (68) of the rack (26) from the first end position to the second end position relative to the gear axis (62).The invention further relates to a window (32) or a door with such a transmission (10) and a method for operating such a window (32) or such a door.

Description

Background of the invention

[0001] The invention relates to a gear for moving a drive rod arrangement and / or a cable pull of a window or a door, wherein the gear has a gear which can be rotated by means of a handle about a gear axis of rotation and has a first gear tooth, and a rack which meshes at least partially with the gear and has a rack tooth, wherein the rack can be moved into a first end position by rotating the gear about its gear axis of rotation, which can correspond to an open position, and the rack can be moved into a second end position by rotating the gear about its gear axis of rotation, which can correspond to a closed position, wherein the rack tooth in the second end position bears at least partially against the end-side circumferential surface of the first gear tooth in order to prevent the rack from being moved into the first end position only by pulling on the rack without rotating the gear.

[0002] Such a generic gearbox is known from FR 2 861 116 B1. Other gearbox designs, in particular with backpressure protection, are known from GB 2 257 745 A, FR 2 821 381 A1, EP 2 808 466 B1, EP 2 784 248 B1, EP 2 692 969 B1, EP 2 581 531 B1, EP 0598 927 A1, DE 698 15 809 T2, DE 296 00 446 U1, DE 92 10 980 U1, and DE 39 37 817 A1.

[0003] However, known gearboxes often have the disadvantage that they are structurally complex despite offering high burglary protection, i.e. good back pressure protection. Object of the invention

[0004] It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a gear mechanism that is structurally simple yet offers reliable backpressure protection. It is also an object of the invention to provide a window or door with such a gear mechanism and a method for operating such a window or door. Description of the invention

[0005] This object is achieved according to the invention by a gear according to claim 1, a window or a door according to claim 14 and a method according to claim 15. The dependent claims represent preferred embodiments.

[0006] The object of the invention is thus achieved by a gear mechanism as described above, wherein the end-face circumferential surface of the first gear tooth is convexly curved to a first gear tooth center, which is offset by a total offset from the gear axis of rotation. As a result, in the second end position of the rack, a force acts on the gear, causing a torque to be applied to the second end position.

[0007] The invention enables increased burglary protection with a particularly simple design of the gearbox.

[0008] The direction of movement of the rack preferably corresponds to its longitudinal extension.

[0009] The gear mechanism is preferably designed such that, in the second end position, the rack would have to be moved partially perpendicular to its direction of movement in order to reach the first end position. However, the rack is preferably guided in the gear mechanism in such a way that this partially perpendicular movement of the rack is prevented, resulting in a blockage of the rack in the second end position.

[0010] In the second end position, the rack tooth can rest on the first gear tooth offset from the gear rotation axis, as seen in the direction of movement of the rack.

[0011] The total offset can be, in particular, 0.1 mm to 4 mm. The total offset is preferably between 0.2 mm and 3 mm, in particular between 0.5 mm and 2 mm.

[0012] Particularly preferably, the overall offset comprises, at least in part, a parallel offset parallel to the direction of movement of the rack. The parallel offset preferably extends from the gear rotation axis to the gear tooth when the rack is in the second end position. If the rack is in the second end position and an intruder attempts to move it to the first end position, the parallel offset causes the gear to torque in the opposite direction, thus providing a particularly reliable anti-reverse rotation or backpressure protection.

[0013] Alternatively or additionally, the total offset may at least partially comprise a vertical offset perpendicular to the direction of movement of the rack.

[0014] To achieve favorable leverage ratios, the parallel offset is preferably greater than the vertical offset. The parallel offset can be at least 1.5 times, in particular at least 1.7 times, and preferably at least 2.0 times as large as the vertical offset.

[0015] In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the convexly curved circumferential surface is arcuate, in particular circular, toward the first gear tooth center. This significantly simplifies the design and manufacture of the gear.

[0016] More preferably, the radius between the circumferential surface of the first gear tooth and the first gear tooth center can be 5 mm to 35 mm. The radius is preferably 10 mm to 20 mm, in particular 13 mm to 17 mm.

[0017] The distance between the first end position and the second end position, i.e., the stroke of the rack, is preferably more than 10 mm, in particular more than 13 mm, particularly preferably more than 16 mm. Further preferably, the distance between the first end position and the second end position is a maximum of 100 mm.

[0018] The gear may have a second gear tooth. Between the first gear tooth and the second gear tooth, one or more additional gear teeth may be provided. Preferably, the first gear tooth is provided directly adjacent to the second gear tooth.

[0019] The circumferential surface of the second gear tooth can be convexly curved, in particular arc-shaped, preferably circular-arc-shaped, to a second gear tooth center, wherein a rack tooth in the first end position bears at least partially against the circumferential surface of the second gear tooth. This prevents the rack from moving into the second end position by pulling the rack - without rotating the gear. Thus, the transmission is also secured in the first end position against reverse rotation by simply pulling on the rack. Accidental movement from the first end position is avoided. The second gear tooth preferably bears against the same rack tooth in the first end position of the rack as the first gear tooth in the second end position of the rack.

[0020] Further preferably, the outer shape of the second gear tooth is formed identically to the outer shape of the first gear tooth and / or the gear is formed symmetrically to a virtual plane intersecting the gear axis of rotation.

[0021] The identical or symmetrical design of the gear teeth facilitates the manufacture and assembly of the gear.

[0022] The rack can have multiple rack teeth. Several rack teeth can be identical. However, the design of the gear is further simplified if the rack has only a single rack tooth.

[0023] The rack tooth can have two straight side flanks and tapered end faces.

[0024] The side flanks preferably run parallel to each other. The rack tooth can be formed symmetrically to an axis perpendicular to the direction of movement of the rack.

[0025] The gear may have more than two gear teeth. Preferably, the gear has exactly two gear teeth.

[0026] The rack may have a first recess for the first gear tooth and a second recess for the second gear tooth. The two recesses may be formed symmetrically to an axis running perpendicular to the direction of movement of the rack. Particularly preferably, both the two recesses and the rack tooth are formed mirror-symmetrically to this axis running perpendicular to the direction of movement of the rack.

[0027] Preferably, the gear mechanism has a first stop for the position of the gear wheel in which the rack is in the first end position and / or a second stop for the position of the gear wheel in which the rack is in the second end position.

[0028] The gear can be rotated between the first stop and the second stop through an angle of rotation. The angle of rotation can be between 45° and 225°, in particular between 60° and 190°, preferably between 80° and 100°.

[0029] The transmission may have a housing in which the gear and the rack are at least partially, in particular completely, accommodated. The first stop and / or the second stop is / are preferably formed in the housing. The housing may have two housing parts. The housing preferably consists of two housing parts.

[0030] The gear mechanism may comprise a drive rod arrangement connected directly or indirectly to the rack and / or a cable pull connected directly or indirectly to the rack.

[0031] The drive rod arrangement and / or the cable pull can have at least one locking pin, in particular several locking pins.

[0032] The gear mechanism preferably has a faceplate with a slotted hole for guiding a locking pin or several slots, each of which houses a locking pin. Alternatively or additionally, the gear mechanism may have a handle.

[0033] The connecting rod assembly comprises a first connecting rod that is directly or indirectly connected to the rack. Additionally, the connecting rod assembly may comprise a second connecting rod that is directly or indirectly connected to the rack.

[0034] The gear may comprise a reversing gear arranged between the rack and the second drive rod to translate the movement of the first drive rod into a movement of the second drive rod in the opposite direction.

[0035] The object of the invention is further achieved by a window or a door with a fixed frame, a sash and a gear mechanism as described here.

[0036] The gear is preferably provided to lock or unlock the sash to the fixed frame. For this purpose, a drive rod arrangement and / or a cable of the gear can have a locking pin and / or locking hook, in particular a plurality of locking pins and / or locking hooks, in order to lock and unlock the sash to a counterpart (striker) or multiple counterparts (strikers). The gear is preferably mounted on the sash. The counterpart(s) is / are preferably mounted on the fixed frame.

[0037] The object of the invention is finally achieved by a method for operating a window or door described herein, wherein the gear is rotated about the gear axis of rotation, so that the rack moves from the first end position to the second end position. In the second end position, the first gear tooth rests on the end face of the rack tooth, so that the gear, in the unactuated state, blocks movement of the rack back to the first end position.

[0038] The described method is preferably used for locking the window or door described here, wherein the gear has the drive rod arrangement and / or the cable pull, which are connected to the at least one locking pin and / or locking hook, wherein the locking pin and / or locking hook engages in the counterpart to lock the window or door.

[0039] Further advantages of the invention will become apparent from the description and the drawing. Detailed description of the invention and drawing

[0040] Fig. 1a shows a perspective view of a gear in a first end position. Fig. 1b shows the gear from Fig. 1a in a second end position. Fig. 2 shows the gear from the Figs. 1a, b in an exploded view. Fig. 3a shows schematically a window with the gearbox from Fig. 1a in the first end position in a sectional view. Fig. 3b shows the partially actuated gear from Fig. 3a in a sectional view. Fig. 3c shows the further operated gear from Fig. 3b in a sectional view. Fig. 3d shows schematically the window from Fig. 3a with the gear in the second end position in a sectional view. Fig. 4 shows an enlarged sectional partial view of the gear from Fig. 3d . Fig. 5 shows a further enlarged sectional view of the gearbox from Fig. 4 .

[0041] Fig. 1a shows a gearbox 10 with a housing 12, a first drive rod 14a and a second drive rod 14b. The drive rods 14a, b represent a drive rod arrangement 16 and are in Fig. 1a through a faceplate 18 The first drive rod 14a is provided with a first locking pin 20a, the second drive rod 14b with a second locking pin 20b tied together. Fig. 1a shows the locking pins 20a, b in a first end position, which corresponds to the opening position, ie the unlocked position.

[0042] Fig. 1b shows the gear 10 with the locking pins 20a, b in a second end position, which corresponds to the closed position, ie the locked position.

[0043] Fig. 2 shows the individual parts of the gear 10 with the faceplate 18, which has a first slot 22afor guiding the first locking pin 20a and a second slot 22b for guiding the second locking pin 20b. Fig. 2 further shows the first drive rod 14a, the second drive rod 14b and the housing 12, which consists of a first housing part 24a and a second housing part 24b The faceplate 18 is firmly held on the housing 12. The drive rods 14a, b are each movably guided on the housing 12.

[0044] The first drive rod 14a is equipped with a rack 26 connected by a gear 28 can be operated.

[0045] The movement of the rack 26 is controlled by a reversing gear 30 in the opposite direction. The reversing gear 30 actuates the second drive rod 14b, so that the drive rods 14a, b move in opposite directions when the gear 28 is actuated, as for example from the Figs. 1a, b and the following described Figs. 3a-dis evident.

[0046] Fig. 3a shows a window 32 with a fixed frame 34 and a grand piano 36. The gear 10 is mounted on the wing 36. It has a handle 38 to operate the gear 28. The handle 38 can be turned into a polygon socket 40, here in the form of a square socket, the gear 28 can be inserted.

[0047] The rack 26 is in the first end position. In this first end position, the locking pins 20a, b are disengaged from a first counterpart 42a and a second counterpart 42b of the fixed frame 34. The window 32 is in the open position.

[0048] If the rack 26, as in Fig. 1a shown, is in the first end position, a first gear tooth strikes 44a preferably at a first stop 46aof the gear 10, here the housing 12. A second gear tooth 44b lies on the front side of a rack tooth 48 This prevents unintentional displacement of the rack 26 from the first end position.

[0049] Fig. 3b shows the gear 10, with the rack 26 in an intermediate position between the two end positions. The rack tooth 48 meshes with the gear teeth 44a, b.

[0050] Fig. 3c shows the gear 10 with the gear 28 in a further rotated position. Fig. 3c It can be seen that the rack tooth 48 is arranged symmetrically between a first recess 50a and a second recess 50b the rack 26, wherein the first recess 50a is designed to receive the first gear tooth 44a and the second recess 50b is designed to receive the second gear tooth 44b.

[0051] Fig. 3dshows window 32 according to Fig. 3a , with the rack 26 in the second end position. The locking pins 20a, b are in engagement with the counterparts 42a, b, so that the window 32 is in the closed position. The second gear tooth 44b lies against a second stop. 46b of the gear 10, here the housing 12. Furthermore, the first gear tooth 44a rests on the front side against the rack tooth 48 in order to provide a burglar-proof reverse rotation lock of the gear 10. This system is described in detail in Fig. 4 shown.

[0052] Fig. 4 shows the gear 10 with the gear 28. From Fig. 4 It can be seen that the circumferential surface 52 of the first gear tooth 44a in a circular arc to a first gear tooth center 54 The peripheral surface 56 of the second gear tooth 44b can be circularly arcuate to a second gear tooth center 57 (see Fig. 5). In particular, the gear teeth 44a, b can have the same radius 58 (see also Fig. 5 ).

[0053] The anti-reverse lock is particularly effective when pulling the rack 26, which is in the second end position, into the first end position results in a torque on the gear 28 in the opposite direction. This is achieved by shifting the first gear tooth center 54 by a total offset 60 offset from the gear axis of rotation 62 The total offset 60 is designed, in particular, offset from the gear wheel rotation axis 62, counter to the direction of movement of the rack 26 in the first end position.

[0054] The total offset 60 can result from a parallel offset 64 and a vertical offset 66 The parallel offset 64 is measured parallel to the direction of movement 68of the rack 26, the vertical offset 66 is measured perpendicular to the direction of movement 68 of the rack 26. The parallel offset 64 preferably points from the gear rotation axis 62 toward the rack tooth 48 when the rack 26 is in the second end position. This creates a lever arm between the gear rotation axis 62 and the first gear tooth center 54, which reliably inhibits the transmission 10 through the force vector to the first gear tooth center 54.

[0055] Fig. 5 shows the gear 10 with the first gear tooth center 54 and the second gear tooth center 57. From Fig. 5 It can be seen that the first gear tooth center 54 is symmetrical about a plane 70 to the second gear tooth center 57. Alternatively or - preferably - additionally, the first gear tooth 44a can be formed symmetrically about the plane 70 to the second gear tooth 44b.

[0056] Taking a summary of all the figures in the drawing, the invention relates to a transmission 10 with a gear 28 rotatable about a gear axis of rotation 62 and a rack 26 movable from a first end position to a second end position. The rack 26 has at least one rack tooth 48 which, in the second end position, rests with the front side of its free end against the front side of the free end of a first gear tooth 44a. Contact preferably occurs in the direction of movement of the rack 26 from the first end position to the second end position, offset from the gear axis of rotation 62. The first gear tooth 44a has a circumferential surface 52 whose first gear tooth center 54 is offset from the gear axis of rotation 62. This overall offset 60 is preferably provided at least partially offset from the gear axis of rotation 62 in the direction of movement 68 of the rack 26 from the first end position to the second end position.The invention further relates to a window 32 or a door with such a gear 10 and to a method for operating such a window 32 or such a door. List of reference symbols

[0057] 10 Gear 12 Housing 14a First connecting rod 14b Second connecting rod 16 Connecting rod arrangement 18 Faceplate 20a First locking pin 20b Second locking pin 22a First slot 22b Second slot 24a First housing part 24b Second housing part 26 Rack 28 Gear 30 Reversing gear 32 Window 34 Fixed frame 36 Sash 38 Handle 40 Internal polygon 42a First counterpart 42b Second counterpart 44a First gear tooth 44b Second gear tooth 46a First stop 46b Second stop 48 Rack tooth 50a First recess 50b Second recess 52 Circumferential surface of the first gear tooth 44a 54 First gear tooth center 56Circumferential surface of the second gear tooth 44b 57Second gear tooth center 58Radius 60Total offset 62Gear rotation axis 64Parallel offset 66Perpendicular offset 68Direction of movement of the rack 26 70Plane (plane of symmetry)

Claims

1. A transmission (10) for moving a drive rod arrangement (16) and / or a cable pull of a window (32) or door, the transmission (10) comprising: a) a gear (28) with a first gear tooth (44a), which gear can be rotated by means of a handle (38) about a gear axis of rotation (62); b) a rack (26) with a rack tooth (48), which rack meshes at least in sections with the gear (28); wherein the rack (26) can be moved into a first end position by rotating the gear (28) about its gear axis of rotation (62), which first end position can correspond to an open position, and into a second end position which can correspond to a closed position; wherein the rack tooth (48) in the second end position rests at least in sections against the end-face circumferential surface (52) of the first gear tooth (44a) in order to prevent the rack (26) from being moved into the first end position only by pulling on the rack (26) but without rotating actuation of the gear (28); characterized in that the end-face circumferential surface (52) of the first gear tooth (44a) is designed to be convexly curved toward a first gear tooth center (54) which is offset by a total offset (60) from the gear axis of rotation (62), so that in the second end position of the rack (26) a force acts on the gear (28) which causes a torque into the second end position.

2. The transmission according to claim 1, wherein the total offset (60) is 0.1 mm to 4 mm.

3. The transmission according to either claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the total offset (60) has at least partially a parallel offset (64) parallel to the direction of movement (68) of the rack (26).

4. The transmission according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the total offset (60) has at least partially a perpendicular offset (66) perpendicular to the direction of movement (68) of the rack (26).

5. The transmission according to claim 4 in conjunction with claim 3, wherein the parallel offset (64) is greater than the vertical offset (66).

6. The transmission according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the circumferential surface (52) is formed in the shape of a circular arc relative to the first gear tooth center (54) and the radius (58) between the circumferential surface (52) and the first gear tooth center (54) is in particular 5 mm to 35 mm.

7. The transmission according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the gear (28) has a second gear tooth (44b).

8. The transmission according to claim 7, wherein the circumferential surface (56) of the second gear tooth (44b) is formed in the shape of a circular arc relative to a second gear tooth center (57), wherein the rack tooth (48) in the first end position rests at least in sections against the circumferential surface (56) of the second gear tooth (44b) in order to prevent the rack (26) from being moved into the second end position by pulling on the rack (26) but without rotating the gear (28).

9. The transmission according to either claim 7 or claim 8, wherein the outer shape of the second gear tooth (44b) is designed identically to the outer shape of the first gear tooth (44a) and / or the gear (28) is formed symmetrically to a plane (70) intersecting the gear axis of rotation (62).

10. The transmission according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the transmission (10) has a first stop (46a) for the gear (28), wherein the rack (26) is in the first end position when the gear (28) stops at the first stop (46a); and / or the transmission (10) has a second stop (46b) for the gear (28), wherein the rack (26) is in the second end position when the gear (28) stops at the second stop.

11. The transmission according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the transmission (10) has a drive rod arrangement (16) and / or a cable pull connected to the rack (26).

12. The transmission according to claim 11, wherein the transmission (10) has a first drive rod (14a) of the drive rod arrangement (16) and a second drive rod (14b) of the drive rod arrangement (16), which are directly or indirectly connected to the rack (26).

13. The transmission according to claim 12, wherein the transmission (10) has a reversing gear (30) arranged between the rack (26) and the second drive rod (14b) and meshes with both the rack (26) and the second drive rod (14b) in order to translate the movement of the rack (26) in the opposite direction, so that the two drive rods (14a, b) can be moved in opposite directions by rotating the gear (28).

14. A window (32) or door having a fixed frame (34), a wing (36) and a transmission (10) according to any of the preceding claims.

15. A method for operating a window (32) or door according to claim 14 using a window (32) or door according to claim 14, wherein the gear (28) is rotated about its gear axis of rotation (62) so that the rack (26) moves from the first end position to the second end position, wherein the first gear tooth (44a) in the second end position rests against the end face of the rack tooth (48) so that the non-actuated gear (28) blocks the rack (26) from moving back to the first end position.

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