Machining device and method for machining a workpiece

Abstract

The invention relates to a machining device (10) for machining a workpiece (11) that preferably consists, at least in some sections, of wood, wood-based materials, plastic or the like, and comprising at least one machining unit (13, 14) having a tool device (21) for machining the workpiece (11), and a sensor device (15) for contactlessly detecting a surface (16) of the workpiece (11) to be machined, wherein the tool device (21) can be controlled to carry out a machining operation on the basis of a detection result from the sensor device (15).

Description

[0001] MACHINING DEVICE AND METHOD FOR MACHINING A WORKPIECE

[0002] Technical area

[0003] The invention relates to a processing device and a method for processing a workpiece which preferably consists at least in sections of wood, wood materials, plastic or the like.

[0004] State of the art

[0005] Processing machines, in particular wood processing machines, can be designed as stationary processing machines or as through-feed machines, whereby in both variants a processing tool and a workpiece are moved relative to each other to carry out a processing operation.

[0006] In order to provide guidance of the machining tool during the machining process, a sensing device is assigned to the machining tool, which rests on the workpiece surface during the movement of the machining tool and / or the workpiece and in this way ensures a constant distance between the machining tool and the workpiece.

[0007] Particularly with sensitive workpiece surfaces, such as coating materials, contact between the sensing device and the workpiece can cause damage that can impair the quality of the workpiece. Furthermore, such a mechanical sensing device requires additional space in the processing machine. Description of the invention

[0008] The invention is based on the object of providing a machining device that has a simplified structure and enables lower costs. Furthermore, the invention is based on the object of proposing a method that enables high machining quality when machining workpieces.

[0009] This object is achieved by a machining device according to claim 1 and a method for machining a workpiece according to claim 11. The subclaims relate to specific embodiments.

[0010] The invention is based on the idea of ​​replacing the contact-based sensing devices previously required with contactless sensing. During a machining operation, i.e. during a relative movement between the tool device, in particular the multi-profile tool and / or the tool changing device, and the workpiece to be machined, the tool device, in particular the multi-profile tool and / or the tool changing device, can thus be controlled contactlessly on the basis of the detection result of the sensor device. A mechanical sensing device, for example sensing rollers or sensing shoes for mechanically guiding the machining unit during the machining operation, can therefore be omitted. This results in not only precise machining but also a simplified structure and a smaller space requirement.

[0011] By providing the sensor device, a positioning of the tool device, in particular of the multi-profile tool and / or the tool changing device, relative to the surface of the workpiece to be machined can be controlled in a contactless manner on the basis of the detection result in order to carry out the machining process.

[0012] The tool can, for example, be designed as a machining tool, in particular as a milling tool or cutting tool.

[0013] According to a preferred embodiment, it is provided that the tool has a multi-profile tool and / or a tool changing device.

[0014] The multi-profile tool can be configured, in particular, for machining a workpiece surface, a workpiece edge, and / or a narrow surface of the workpiece. Preferably, the multi-profile tool can enable multi-profile machining of a workpiece edge, for example, a peripheral workpiece edge, in particular a peripheral edge delimiting the narrow surface of a plate-shaped workpiece.

[0015] The tool changing device is preferably designed to accommodate various machining tools. Different machining operations, in particular for machining the workpiece surface, workpiece edge, and / or narrow surface of the workpiece, can be carried out using the respective machining tools. The machining tools that can be accommodated can preferably be milling tools, cutting tools such as scrapers and / or saws, etc.

[0016] In a further development of the processing unit, the sensor device can comprise at least one distance sensor, at least one camera and / or the like and can be configured to detect a distance to the surface and / or a contour of the surface of the workpiece. The detection result can be transmitted to the control device. The at least one distance sensor can, for example, be embodied by a laser device for distance measurement. Preferably, a plurality of distance sensors can be arranged in such a way that a spatial distance measurement to the surface of the workpiece is provided.

[0017] If the sensor device comprises at least one camera, the distance to the surface of the workpiece and / or the contour of the workpiece, i.e., a configuration of the workpiece surface, workpiece edge, and / or narrow surface to be machined, can be determined from the image information. Preferably, several cameras can be arranged in such a way that a spatial detection of the contour of the surface of the workpiece is provided.

[0018] In this way, the control of the tool device, in particular the multi-profile tool and / or the tool changing device, can be carried out on the basis of the detection result of the sensor device, i.e. on the basis of the determined distance to the workpiece surface and / or the determined contour of the workpiece surface.

[0019] A further embodiment of the processing unit can provide that the sensor device is arranged in a processing direction upstream of the tool device, in particular the multi-profile tool and / or the tool changing device.

[0020] In this way, the distance and / or contour can be detected during the relative movement between the machining unit and the workpiece. This enables precise and direct control of the tool device, in particular the multi-profile tool and / or the tool changing device, preferably in real time, depending on the detection result of the sensor device.

[0021] In addition, it is also possible to provide a sensor device in a machining direction following the tool device, for example for quality monitoring.

[0022] Preferably, the processing unit can be provided with the tool device, in particular the multi-profile tool, having a processing tool with a first processing profile and at least one further processing profile.

[0023] Using such a tool device or such a multi-profile tool, the workpiece can be machined using various machining profiles, i.e., a defined machining profile, depending on the positioning of the tool device / multi-profile tool relative to the workpiece surface to be machined. The positioning of the defined machining profile of the tool device / multi-profile tool relative to the workpiece is performed, in particular, on the basis of the detection result of the sensor device.

[0024] The machining tool is in particular a cutting machining tool, preferably a milling tool with at least two different milling profiles, a scraper with at least two different cutting profiles or the like. The milling profiles of the milling tool or the cutting profiles of the scraper can be designed, for example, by different milling or cutting radii or milling or cutting chamfers for machining workpiece edges. In a further development of the machining unit, the tool device, in particular the multi-profile tool, can have a first machining tool with a first machining profile and at least one further machining tool with a further machining profile and preferably at least one of the machining tools can be movable between a working position and a rest position.

[0025] Using such a tool device or such a multi-profile tool, the workpiece, in particular workpiece edges, can be machined with different machining profiles, for example different radii or chamfers or projections. In particular, the machining tools are cutting machining tools, preferably milling tools with different milling profiles. Machining using the different machining profiles is achieved in that the at least one further machining tool can be moved axially relative to the first machining tool, so that the machining profile of the at least one further machining tool in the working position overlays the machining profile of the first machining tool for the machining process.

[0026] The positioning of the multi-profile tool and / or the control of the axial actuating movement of the at least one further machining tool relative to the first machining tool, i.e. the control of the axial actuating movement of the machining tool from the rest position to the working position, can be provided on the basis of the detection result of the sensor device.

[0027] A further embodiment of the processing unit can also provide that the tool changing unit is set up to receive at least two processing tools having different processing profiles simultaneously or alternately and to carry out the processing process using one of the processing tools in each case.

[0028] The tool change unit is particularly designed to accommodate various machining tools with different machining profiles, for example, various milling tools, cutting tools, or the like. For example, the tool change unit can have a simple changing unit or a turret device, by means of which the machining tools can be accommodated simultaneously or alternately. The tool change unit can also be designed to accommodate other machining tools, for example, drilling or sawing tools.

[0029] Advantageously, a control device can be provided in the processing unit, which is set up to transfer the tool device, in particular the multi-profile tool and / or the tool changing unit, into a desired position on the basis of the detection result of the sensor device and to control the processing process by means of the first processing profile or the at least one further processing profile.

[0030] The control device can comprise an electronic controller and / or an actuating device, wherein an actuating movement of the tool device, in particular of the multi-profile tool and / or the tool changing unit, in an X direction and / or Y direction and / or Z direction relative to the workpiece can be carried out by the actuating device and the actuating movement can be controlled by the electronic controller as a function of the detection result. The target position preferably forms a position of the tool device, in particular of the multi-profile tool and / or the tool changing unit, relative to the workpiece, in which position a machining of the workpiece by means of a defined machining profile at a defined distance is provided.

[0031] Particularly preferably, the control device of the processing unit can be set up to control the tool device, in particular the multi-profile tool and / or the tool changing unit in such a way that, depending on the detection result, a defined processing tool and / or processing profile is selected and transferred to the target position and / or the defined processing tool and / or processing profile is held at a target distance from the surface of the workpiece during the processing process.

[0032] Such a control system allows the machining process to be controlled, in particular in an automated manner, using the various machining tools and / or various machining profiles. Since the control is based on the detection result, precise positioning of the respective machining tool or machining profile relative to the workpiece surface to be machined can be achieved.

[0033] According to the previously described embodiments, the tool can be designed as a multi-profile tool and / or as a tool changing device. However, according to further modifications, it is possible for the tool to have a pressing device (such as a pressure roller), an adhesive application device (for example, a glue roller), a post-processing tool, in particular a scraper, and / or a milling tool, in particular for contour milling or form milling.

[0034] The machining device according to the invention can be designed, for example, as a stationary machine tool in which the workpiece is held in a stationary manner and the machining unit can be moved relative to the workpiece by the conveying device, in particular a multi-axis actuating device, in order to carry out a machining operation. The machining device can be designed as a CNC-controlled machining machine or a CNC-controlled machining center. Likewise, the machining device can be designed as a through-feed machine in which the workpiece is moved relative to the machining unit by the conveying device in a conveying direction.

[0035] Furthermore, the object is achieved by a method for machining a workpiece, which preferably consists at least in sections of wood, wood materials, plastic or the like, according to claim 11.

[0036] By means of such a machining method, a high machining quality can be achieved when machining workpieces using the tool device, in particular the multi-profile tool and / or the tool changing device. By controlling the tool device, in particular the multi-profile tool and / or the tool changing unit, on the basis of the detection result of the sensor device, these can be kept at a defined target distance from the workpiece surface to be machined during the machining process. Damage to the surface of the workpiece, for example of a sensitive workpiece material or a surface coating, which can be caused by contact between a mechanical scanning device and the workpiece surface, can be avoided due to the contactless detection of the surface of the workpiece by the sensor device.

[0037] By detecting the actual position of the surface of the workpiece and controlling the workpiece and / or the processing unit into the target position, precise control of the processing process can be achieved, whereby a high processing quality can be achieved.

[0038] In addition, the control of the tool device, in particular of the multi-profile tool and / or the tool changing unit, of the machining unit on the basis of the detection result enables a defined machining profile of the tool device, in particular of the multi-profile tool and / or the tool changing unit, to be selected and positioned relative to the workpiece surface to be machined in order to carry out the machining process using this defined machining profile.

[0039] Short description of the drawings

[0040] Further features and advantages of a device, a use and / or a method will become apparent from the following description of embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. These drawings show:

[0041] Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of an embodiment of a processing device according to the disclosure;

[0042] Fig. 2 is a schematic view of an example of a multi-profile tool;

[0043] Fig. 3 is a schematic view of an alternative example of a multi-profile tool;

[0044] Fig. 4 is a schematic perspective view of a second embodiment of a processing device according to the disclosure.

[0045] Description of embodiments The same reference symbols used in different figures designate identical, corresponding, or functionally similar elements.

[0046] Fig. 1 shows an embodiment of a machining device 10 according to the invention for machining workpieces 11 in a schematic perspective view.

[0047] The processing device 10 is in particular a continuous machine in which a workpiece is moved relative to one or more processing units.

[0048] The processing device 10 comprises a conveyor device

[0049] 12, which according to Fig. 1 is designed as a continuous conveyor device, for example a conveyor belt, a conveyor chain, a conveyor belt or the like. The workpiece 11 to be machined is positioned on the conveyor device 12 and is moved in a conveying direction F relative to one or more processing units 13, 14. The workpiece 11 can be moved in the conveying direction F by the one or more processing units 13, 14 during a machining operation.

[0050] In an alternative embodiment of the processing device 10, it can also be provided that the workpiece 11 rests stationary on a workpiece support and the one or more processing units

[0051] 13, 14 are moved relative to the workpiece 11 by the conveying device 12, in particular by an adjusting device.

[0052] Mixed forms of these two concepts are also possible, with the conveyor device 12 having the task of bringing about a relative movement between the workpiece 11 and the one or more processing units 13, 14. The processing device 10 can therefore be designed both as a continuous-feed machine and as a stationary processing machine.

[0053] The workpiece 11 to be machined is, in particular, a workpiece that is at least partially made of wood, wood-based material, plastic, or the like. The workpiece 11 can be a plate-shaped workpiece. Preferably, it can be different workpieces 11, for example, solid wood or chipboard, lightweight panels, sandwich panels, profiles, or the like. However, the present invention is not limited to such workpieces 11.

[0054] According to Fig. 1, the machining device 10 comprises two machining units 13 and 14, each of which performs a machining operation on the workpiece 11. Likewise, the machining device 10 may also comprise only one machining unit 13 or 14 or more than two machining units.

[0055] In addition, the processing device 10 comprises a sensor device 15 for contactless detection of a surface 16 of the workpiece 11 to be processed.

[0056] The sensor device 15 can preferably be provided separately from the processing units 13, 14 in the processing device 10. Likewise, the sensor device 15 can be arranged on one or both processing units 13, 14 or can be formed integrally with the processing units 13 and / or 14.

[0057] The sensor device 15 comprises two distance sensors 17, 18, which are designed, for example, as laser sensors or line sensors for distance measurement. Additionally or alternatively, the sensor device 15 can comprise one or more cameras to optically detect a distance to the surface 16 and / or to detect a contour of the surface 16 of the workpiece 11, for example, a workpiece edge, a narrow surface of the workpiece, or the like.

[0058] In this way, the sensor device 15 can carry out a spatial distance measurement to the surface 16 of the workpiece 11 and / or determine a configuration of the surface 16 to be machined, i.e. the workpiece edge, the narrow surface or the like, from the distance and / or image information.

[0059] The sensor device 15 forms a contactless sensing device for the processing units 13, 14. Based on a detection result of the sensor device 15, an actual position of the surface 16 of the workpiece 11 to be machined can be determined.

[0060] The data detected by the sensor device 15 relating to the surface 16 of the workpiece 11 to be machined, i.e. the detection result of the sensor device 15, are transmitted to a control device 19 which controls the processing units 13, 14 to carry out the machining process on the basis of the detection result.

[0061] The control device 19 can comprise an electronic controller and an actuating device 20. By means of the actuating device 20, an actuating movement of the processing units 13, 14 in an X-direction, Y-direction and / or Z-direction can be carried out. The actuating movement can be controlled by the electronic controller of the control device 19 as a function of the detection result of the sensor device 15. By means of the control device 19, the processing units 13, 14 can be controlled between an actual position and a target position for processing the surface 15 of the workpiece 11. In the target position, the processing units 13, 14 are positioned during the processing process, in particular at a defined target distance from the surface 16 of the workpiece 11.

[0062] The processing units 13, 14 each comprise an aggregate base body which can be coupled to the processing device 10, for example to a drive device of the processing device 10, via an interface device not shown in detail.

[0063] A machining unit 13, 14 comprises a tool device, here in particular a multi-profile tool 21 or a tool changing device, for performing a machining operation on the workpiece 11. The two machining units 13, 14 can each have different multi-profile tools 21 or tool changing devices. It can also be provided that one machining unit 13 has a multi-profile tool 21 and the other machining unit 14 has a tool changing device.

[0064] Fig. 2 shows a first embodiment of a multi-profile tool 21 in a schematic view.

[0065] This multi-profile tool 21 is formed by a machining tool 22 which has a plurality of machining profiles 23 for machining the workpiece 11.

[0066] Preferably, the machining profiles 23 are designed for machining the workpiece edge of the workpiece 11. In particular, the machining tool 21 is a milling tool that has different milling radii or milling chamfers for machining the workpiece 11, in particular for machining the workpiece edge of the workpiece 11. The

[0067] Machining tool 21 can form a rotationally symmetrical body and rotate about a rotation axis R .

[0068] The multi-profile tool 21 can be coupled to a drive shaft (not shown in detail) of the machining device 10 via the interface device, so that a torque can be transmitted to the machining tool 22.

[0069] Likewise, the machining tool 21 can be designed as a cutting tool or a scraper having different cutting radii or cutting bevels for machining the workpiece 11, in particular for machining the workpiece edge of the workpiece 11.

[0070] Fig. 3 shows an alternative embodiment of a multi-profile tool 21.

[0071] This multi-profile tool 21 comprises a base body 24 with a first machining tool 25 and a second machining tool 26. The two machining tools 25, 26 are arranged coaxially to one another and rotatable about a common axis of rotation R.

[0072] The multi-profile tool 21 can be coupled to the drive shaft of the machining device 10 via the interface device, so that a torque can be transmitted to the first machining tool 25 and / or the second machining tool 26.

[0073] The second machining tool 26 is provided on an outer circumference of the first machining tool 25 so as to be axially displaceable relative to the first machining tool 25, such that the second machining tool 26 is axially displaceable between a rest position and a working position. The first machining tool 25 forms a first machining profile 27 on an end face of the multi-profile tool 21. In the working position, the second machining tool 26 forms a second machining profile 28 on the end face. As a result of the axial displacement of the second machining tool 26 relative to the first machining tool 25, the second machining profile 28 of the second machining tool 26 superimposes the first machining profile 27 of the first machining tool 25, such that the multi-profile tool 21 provides two different machining profiles 27, 28 for machining the workpiece 11.

[0074] In particular, the first and second machining tools 25, 26 are each milling tools with different milling radii or milling chamfers for machining the workpiece edge of the workpiece 11.

[0075] As already described above, the control device 19 is configured to transfer the processing units 13, 14 from the actual position and the target position for processing the surface 15 of the workpiece 11 on the basis of the detection result of the sensor device 15.

[0076] The control device 19 is in particular designed to move the respective machining tool 22, 25, 26, with which the machining operation is to be carried out, in the desired position during the machining operation at a constant distance from the surface 16 of the workpiece 11 to be machined.

[0077] In addition, the control device 19 is preferably configured to position the respective machining tool 22, 25, 26 in the desired position relative to the surface 16 of the workpiece 11 to be machined in such a way that the machining process can be carried out with a defined machining profile 23, 27, 28. The control device 19 can also be configured, depending on the detection result of the sensor device

[0078] 15 to select a defined machining profile 23 , 27 , 28 and to move the machining tool 22 , 25 , 26 with this defined machining profile 23 , 27 , 28 to the surface

[0079] 16 of the workpiece 11 in order to carry out the machining operation.

[0080] If the machining unit 13, 14 has a tool changing device, the control device 19 can be set up to control the tool changing unit in such a way that, depending on the detection result, a defined machining tool is selected, for example, is inserted by the tool changing device, and this is transferred to the desired position in order to carry out the machining process.

[0081] By such control by the control device 19, an automated control of the machining process by the various machining profiles 23, 27, 28 and / or machining tools can be provided on the basis of the detection result.

[0082] Fig. 4 shows a second embodiment of a processing device 10 according to the disclosure for processing workpieces 11.

[0083] The second embodiment differs from the first embodiment described with reference to Figure 1 primarily in that a further surface of a workpiece 11 can be scanned and machined. In order to avoid repetition of the second embodiment, reference is therefore made to the description of the first embodiment in order to avoid repetition, in particular also to the previously described modifications of certain features. As in the first embodiment, the processing device 10 comprises a conveyor device 12. The workpiece 11 to be machined is positioned on the conveyor device 12 and is moved in a conveying direction F relative to one or more processing units 13, 14.

[0084] The processing device 10 has two processing units 13 and 14 on a right side (in the direction of travel) and two processing units 13 and 14 on a left side (in the direction of travel).

[0085] In addition, the processing device 10 comprises two sensor devices 15 (one sensor device 15 arranged on the left and one sensor device 15 arranged on the right in the direction of travel) for contactless detection of a surface 16 of the workpiece 11 to be processed. The sensor devices 15 can be provided separately from the processing units 13, 14 in the processing device 10. Likewise, the sensor devices 15 can be arranged on one or both processing units 13, 14 or can be formed integrally with the processing units 13 and / or 14.

[0086] Each of the sensor devices 15 comprises two distance sensors 17, 18, which are designed, for example, as laser sensors or line sensors for distance measurement. Additionally or alternatively, the sensor devices 15 can comprise one or more cameras to optically detect a distance to the surface 16 and / or to detect a contour of the surface 16 of the workpiece 11, for example, a workpiece edge, a narrow surface of the workpiece, or the like.

[0087] In this way, the respective sensor device 15 can carry out a spatial distance measurement to the surface 16 of the workpiece 11 and / or a configuration of the surface 16 to be machined, i.e. the workpiece edge, the narrow surface or the like, can be determined from the distance and / or image information.

[0088] The sensor devices 15 each form a contactless sensing device for the processing units 13, 14. Based on a detection result of the sensor device 15, an actual position of the surface 16 of the workpiece 11 to be machined can be determined.

[0089] The data detected by the sensor devices 15 relating to the surface 16 of the workpiece 11 to be machined, i.e. the detection result of the sensor device 15, are transmitted to a control device 19 which controls the processing units 13, 14 to carry out the machining process on the basis of the detection result.

[0090] In Fig. 4, the control device 19 is clearly shown as two separate areas. However, instead of a control device 19, separate control devices can also be provided.

[0091] For further aspects, reference is made to the explanations of the first embodiment. The same applies to the details of the tool device 21, wherein, according to the second embodiment, several tool devices 21 are or can be provided.

[0092] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that individual features described in different embodiments may also be implemented in a single embodiment, provided they are not structurally incompatible. Likewise, various features described in a single embodiment may also be provided in multiple embodiments, individually or in any suitable subcombination.

Claims

CLAIMS Machining device (10) for machining a workpiece (11), which preferably consists at least partially of wood, wood-based materials, plastic, or the like, comprising: at least one machining unit (13, 14) with a tool device (21) for machining the workpiece (11), a sensor device (15) for contactlessly detecting a surface (16) of the workpiece (11) to be machined, wherein the tool device (21) is controllable to carry out a machining operation on the basis of a detection result of the sensor device (15). Machining device according to claim 1, wherein the tool device has a multi-profile tool (21) and / or a tool changing device.Machining device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the sensor device (15) is configured to detect a distance to the surface (16) and / or a contour of the surface (16) of the workpiece (11) and preferably comprises at least one distance sensor (17, 18) and / or at least one camera. Machining device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the sensor device (15) is arranged upstream of the tool device in a machining direction. Machining device according to one of the preceding claims, in which the tool device (21) has a machining tool (22) with a first machining profile (23) and at least one further machining profile (23). Machining device according to one of claims 1 to 3, in which the tool device (21) has a first machining tool (25) with a first machining profile (27) and at least one further machining tool (26) with a further machining profile (28), and preferably at least one of the machining tools (25, 26) is movable between a working position and a rest position. Machining device according to one of claims 2-6, in which the tool changing unit is configured to accommodate at least two machining tools having different machining profiles simultaneously or alternately and to carry out the machining process using one of the machining tools in each case.Machining device according to one of claims 5-7, wherein a control device (19) is further provided, which is configured to transfer the tool (21) into a desired position on the basis of the detection result of the sensor device (15) and to control the machining process by the first machining profile (23, 27) or the at least one further machining profile (23, 28). Machining device according to claim 8, wherein the control device (19) is configured to control the tool device (21) such that, depending on the detection result, a defined A machining tool (22, 25, 26) and / or machining profile (23, 27, 28) is selected and transferred to the desired position, and / or the defined machining tool (22, 25, 26) and / or machining profile (23, 27, 28) is held at a desired distance from the surface (16) of the workpiece (11) during the machining process. Machining device according to one of the preceding claims 1, wherein the tool device comprises a pressing device, an adhesive application device, a scraper, and / or a milling tool, in particular for contour milling or form milling. Method for machining a workpiece (11), which preferably consists at least in sections of wood, wood materials, plastic or the like, in particular using a machining device (10) according to one of claims 1 to 10, comprising the steps of: contactless detection of a surface (16) of the workpiece (11) by a sensor device (15), Determining an actual position of the surface (16) of the workpiece (11) on the basis of a detection result of the sensor device (15), and Controlling the workpiece (11) and / or the processing unit (13, 14) into a desired position in order to carry out a machining operation on the workpiece (11), wherein a tool device (21) is controlled on the basis of the detection result in such a way that the machining operation is carried out by a first machining profile (23, 27) or by at least one further Machining profile (23, 28) of the tool device (21) is executed.

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