Signaling information for custom beams
Patent Information
- Application Number
- EP2022840013
- Authority / Receiving Office
- EP · EP
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2022-12-09
- Publication Date
- 2025-10-15
Smart Images

Figure 1.1
Abstract
Description
SIGNALING INFORMATION FOR CUSTOM BEAMS
[0001] FIELD OF THE DISCLOSURE
[0002] Aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communication and to techniques and apparatuses for signaling information for custom beams.BACKGROUND
[0003] Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide various telecommunication services such as telephony, video, data, messaging, and broadcasts. Typical wireless communication systems may employ multiple-access technologies capable of supporting communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources (e.g., bandwidth, transmit power, or the like) . Examples of such multiple-access technologies include code division multiple access (CDMA) systems, time division multiple access (TDMA) systems, frequency division multiple access (FDMA) systems, orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) systems, single-carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) systems, time division synchronous code division multiple access (TD-SCDMA) systems, and Long Term Evolution (LTE) . LTE / LTE-Advanced is a set of enhancements to the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) mobile standard promulgated by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) .
[0004] A wireless network may include one or more network nodes that support communication for wireless communication devices, such as a user equipment (UE) or multiple UEs. A UE may communicate with a network node via downlink communications and uplink communications. “Downlink” (or “DL” ) refers to a communication link from the network node to the UE, and “uplink” (or “UL” ) refers to a communication link from the UE to the network node. Some wireless networks may support device-to-device communication, such as via a local link (e.g., a sidelink (SL) , a wireless local area network (WLAN) link, and / or a wireless personal area network (WPAN) link, among other examples) .
[0005] The above multiple access technologies have been adopted in various telecommunication standards to provide a common protocol that enables different UEs to communicate on a municipal, national, regional, and / or global level. New Radio (NR) , which may be referred to as 5G, is a set of enhancements to the LTE mobile standard promulgated by the 3GPP. NR is designed to better support mobile broadband internet access by improving spectral efficiency, lowering costs, improving services, making use of new spectrum, and better integrating with other open standards using orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) with a cyclic prefix (CP) (CP-OFDM) on the downlink, using CP-OFDM and / or single-carrier frequency division multiplexing (SC-FDM) (also known as discrete Fourier transform spread OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM) ) on the uplink, as well as supporting beamforming, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna technology, and carrier aggregation. As the demand for mobile broadband access continues to increase, further improvements in LTE, NR, and other radio access technologies remain useful.
[0006] SUMMARY
[0007] Some aspects described herein relate to a first device for wireless communication. The first device may include memory, one or more processors coupled to the memory, and instructions stored in the memory and executable by the one or more processors (e.g., directly, indirectly, after pre-processing, or without pre-processing) . The instructions may be executable by the one or more processors to cause the first device to receive, from a second device, a plurality of reference signals based at least in part on a plurality of beams. The instructions may be executable by the one or more processors to cause the first device to transmit, to the second device, an angle of departure (AoD) associated with a reference signal of the plurality of reference signals. The instructions may be executable by the one or more processors to cause the first device to receive, from the second device, a delta value that indicates a difference between the AoD and a beam pointing angle of a custom second device beam. The instructions may be executable by the one or more processors to cause the first device to receive, from the second device, data using a custom first device beam that is derived based at least in part on the delta value.
[0008] Some aspects described herein relate to a second device for wireless communication. The second device may include memory, one or more processors coupled to the memory, and instructions stored in the memory and executable by the one or more processors. The instructions may be executable by the one or more processors to cause the second device to transmit, to a first device, a plurality of reference signals based at least in part on a plurality of beams. The instructions may be executable by the one or more processors to cause the second device to receive, from the first device, an AoD associated with a reference signal of the plurality of reference signals. The instructions may be executable by the one or more processors to cause the second device to transmit, to the first device, a delta value that indicates a difference between the AoD and a beam pointing angle of a custom second device beam. The instructions may be executable by the one or more processors to cause the second device to transmit, to the first device, data using the custom second device beam.
[0009] Some aspects described herein relate to a method of wireless communication performed by an apparatus of a first device. The method may include receiving, from a second device, a plurality of reference signals based at least in part on a plurality of beams. The method may include transmitting, to the second device, an AoD associated with a reference signal of the plurality of reference signals. The method may include receiving, from the second device, a delta value that indicates a difference between the AoD and a beam pointing angle of a custom second device beam. The method may include receiving, from the second device, data using a custom first device beam that is derived based at least in part on the delta value.
[0010] Some aspects described herein relate to a method of wireless communication performed by an apparatus of a second device. The method may include transmitting, to a first device, a plurality of reference signals based at least in part on a plurality of beams. The method may include receiving, from the first device, an AoD associated with a reference signal of the plurality of reference signals. The method may include transmitting, to the first device, a delta value that indicates a difference between the AoD and a beam pointing angle of a custom second device beam. The method may include transmitting, to the first device, data using the custom second device beam.
[0011] Some aspects described herein relate to a non-transitory computer-readable medium that stores one or more instructions for wireless communication by a first device. The one or more instructions, when executed by one or more processors of the first device, may cause the first device to receive, from a second device, a plurality of reference signals based at least in part on a plurality of beams. The one or more instructions, when executed by one or more processors of the first device, may cause the first device to transmit, to the second device, an AoD associated with a reference signal of the plurality of reference signals. The one or more instructions, when executed by one or more processors of the first device, may cause the first device to receive, from the second device, a delta value that indicates a difference between the AoD and a beam pointing angle of a custom second device beam. The one or more instructions, when executed by one or more processors of the first device, may cause the first device to receive, from the second device, data using a custom first device beam that is derived based at least in part on the delta value.
[0012] Some aspects described herein relate to a non-transitory computer-readable medium that stores one or more instructions for wireless communication by a second device. The one or more instructions, when executed by one or more processors of the second device, may cause the second device to transmit, to a first device, a plurality of reference signals based at least in part on a plurality of beams. The one or more instructions, when executed by one or more processors of the second device, may cause the second device to receive, from the first device, an AoD associated with a reference signal of the plurality of reference signals. The one or more instructions, when executed by one or more processors of the second device, may cause the second device to transmit, to the first device, a delta value that indicates a difference between the AoD and a beam pointing angle of a custom second device beam. The one or more instructions, when executed by one or more processors of the second device, may cause the second device to transmit, to the first device, data using the custom second device beam.
[0013] Some aspects described herein relate to a first apparatus for wireless communication. The first apparatus may include means for receiving, from a second apparatus, a plurality of reference signals based at least in part on a plurality of beams. The first apparatus may include means for transmitting, to the second apparatus, an AoD associated with a reference signal of the plurality of reference signals. The first apparatus may include means for receiving, from the second apparatus, a delta value that indicates a difference between the AoD and a beam pointing angle of a custom second apparatus beam. The first apparatus may include means for receiving, from the second apparatus, data using a custom first apparatus beam that is derived based at least in part on the delta value.
[0014] Some aspects described herein relate to a second apparatus for wireless communication. The second apparatus may include means for transmitting, to a first apparatus, a plurality of reference signals based at least in part on a plurality of beams. The second apparatus may include means for receiving, from the first apparatus, an AoD associated with a reference signal of the plurality of reference signals. The second apparatus may include means for transmitting, to the first apparatus, a delta value that indicates a difference between the AoD and a beam pointing angle of a custom second apparatus beam. The second apparatus may include means for transmitting, to the first apparatus, data using the custom second apparatus beam.
[0015] Aspects generally include a method, apparatus, system, computer program product, non-transitory computer-readable medium, user equipment, base station, network entity, network node, wireless communication device, and / or processing system as substantially described herein with reference to and as illustrated by the drawings and specification.
[0016] The foregoing has outlined rather broadly the features and technical advantages of examples according to the disclosure in order that the detailed description that follows may be better understood. Additional features and advantages will be described hereinafter. The conception and specific examples disclosed may be readily utilized as a basis for modifying or designing other structures for carrying out the same purposes of the present disclosure. Such equivalent constructions do not depart from the scope of the appended claims. Characteristics of the concepts disclosed herein, both their organization and method of operation, together with associated advantages, will be better understood from the following description when considered in connection with the accompanying figures. Each of the figures is provided for the purposes of illustration and description, and not as a definition of the limits of the claims.
[0017] While aspects are described in the present disclosure by illustration to some examples, those skilled in the art will understand that such aspects may be implemented in many different arrangements and scenarios. Techniques described herein may be implemented using different platform types, devices, systems, shapes, sizes, and / or packaging arrangements. For example, some aspects may be implemented via integrated chip embodiments or other non-module-component based devices (e.g., end-user devices, vehicles, communication devices, computing devices, industrial equipment, retail / purchasing devices, medical devices, and / or artificial intelligence devices) . Aspects may be implemented in chip-level components, modular components, non-modular components, non-chip-level components, device-level components, and / or system-level components. Devices incorporating described aspects and features may include additional components and features for implementation and practice of claimed and described aspects. For example, transmission and reception of wireless signals may include one or more components for analog and digital purposes (e.g., hardware components including antennas, radio frequency (RF) chains, power amplifiers, modulators, buffers, processors, interleavers, adders, and / or summers) . It is intended that aspects described herein may be practiced in a wide variety of devices, components, systems, distributed arrangements, and / or end-user devices of varying size, shape, and constitution.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0018] So that the above-recited features of the present disclosure can be understood in detail, a more particular description, briefly summarized above, may be had by reference to aspects, some of which are illustrated in the appended drawings. It is to be noted, however, that the appended drawings illustrate only certain typical aspects of this disclosure and are therefore not to be considered limiting of its scope, for the description may admit to other equally effective aspects. The same reference numbers in different drawings may identify the same or similar elements.
[0019] Fig. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless network, in accordance with the present disclosure.
[0020] Fig. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of a network node in communication with a user equipment (UE) in a wireless network, in accordance with the present disclosure.
[0021] Fig. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example disaggregated base station architecture, in accordance with the present disclosure.
[0022] Fig. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of a hybrid beamforming input-output relationship per tone for a downlink, in accordance with the present disclosure.
[0023] Fig. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of a quantized representation of a channel in an angular space, in accordance with the present disclosure.
[0024] Fig. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of a sparse recovery formulation of a raw channel estimation, in accordance with the present disclosure.
[0025] Fig. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example of a sparse recovery formulation of a raw channel estimation, in accordance with the present disclosure.
[0026] Fig. 8 is a diagram illustrating an example of customer non-codebook-based beams, in accordance with the present disclosure.
[0027] Figs. 9-10 are diagrams illustrating examples associated with signaling information for custom beams, in accordance with the present disclosure.
[0028] Figs. 11-12 are diagrams illustrating example processes associated with signaling information for custom beams, in accordance with the present disclosure.
[0029] Figs. 13-14 are diagrams of example apparatuses for wireless communication, in accordance with the present disclosure.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0030] Various aspects of the disclosure are described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings. This disclosure may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to any specific structure or function presented throughout this disclosure. Rather, these aspects are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art. One skilled in the art should appreciate that the scope of the disclosure is intended to cover any aspect of the disclosure disclosed herein, whether implemented independently of or combined with any other aspect of the disclosure. For example, an apparatus may be implemented or a method may be practiced using any number of the aspects set forth herein. In addition, the scope of the disclosure is intended to cover such an apparatus or method which is practiced using other structure, functionality, or structure and functionality in addition to or other than the various aspects of the disclosure set forth herein. It should be understood that any aspect of the disclosure disclosed herein may be embodied by one or more elements of a claim.
[0031] Several aspects of telecommunication systems will now be presented with reference to various apparatuses and techniques. These apparatuses and techniques will be described in the following detailed description and illustrated in the accompanying drawings by various blocks, modules, components, circuits, steps, processes, algorithms, or the like (collectively referred to as “elements” ) . These elements may be implemented using hardware, software, or combinations thereof. Whether such elements are implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the overall system.
[0032] While aspects may be described herein using terminology commonly associated with a 5G or New Radio (NR) radio access technology (RAT) , aspects of the present disclosure can be applied to other RATs, such as a 3G RAT, a 4G RAT, and / or a RAT subsequent to 5G (e.g., 6G) .
[0033] Fig. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless network 100, in accordance with the present disclosure. The wireless network 100 may be or may include elements of a 5G (e.g., NR) network and / or a 4G (e.g., Long Term Evolution (LTE) ) network, among other examples. The wireless network 100 may include one or more network nodes 110 (shown as a network node 110a, a network node 110b, a network node 110c, and a network node 110d) , a user equipment (UE) 120 or multiple UEs 120 (shown as a UE 120a, a UE 120b, a UE 120c, a UE 120d, and a UE 120e) , and / or other entities. A network node 110 is a network node that communicates with UEs 120. As shown, a network node 110 may include one or more network nodes. For example, a network node 110 may be an aggregated network node, meaning that the aggregated network node is configured to utilize a radio protocol stack that is physically or logically integrated within a single radio access network (RAN) node (e.g., within a single device or unit) . As another example, a network node 110 may be a disaggregated network node (sometimes referred to as a disaggregated base station) , meaning that the network node 110 is configured to utilize a protocol stack that is physically or logically distributed among two or more nodes (such as one or more central units (CUs) , one or more distributed units (DUs) , or one or more radio units (RUs) ) .
[0034] In some examples, a network node 110 is or includes a network node that communicates with UEs 120 via a radio access link, such as an RU. In some examples, a network node 110 is or includes a network node that communicates with other network nodes 110 via a fronthaul link or a midhaul link, such as a DU. In some examples, a network node 110 is or includes a network node that communicates with other network nodes 110 via a midhaul link or a core network via a backhaul link, such as a CU. In some examples, a network node 110 (such as an aggregated network node 110 or a disaggregated network node 110) may include multiple network nodes, such as one or more RUs, one or more CUs, and / or one or more DUs. A network node 110 may include, for example, an NR base station, an LTE base station, a Node B, an eNB (e.g., in 4G) , a gNB (e.g., in 5G) , an access point, a transmission reception point (TRP) , a DU, an RU, a CU, a mobility element of a network, a core network node, a network element, a network equipment, a RAN node, or a combination thereof. In some examples, the network nodes 110 may be interconnected to one another or to one or more other network nodes 110 in the wireless network 100 through various types of fronthaul, midhaul, and / or backhaul interfaces, such as a direct physical connection, an air interface, or a virtual network, using any suitable transport network.
[0035] In some examples, a network node 110 may provide communication coverage for a particular geographic area. In the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) , the term “cell” can refer to a coverage area of a network node 110 and / or a network node subsystem serving this coverage area, depending on the context in which the term is used. A network node 110 may provide communication coverage for a macro cell, a pico cell, a femto cell, and / or another type of cell. A macro cell may cover a relatively large geographic area (e.g., several kilometers in radius) and may allow unrestricted access by UEs 120 with service subscriptions. A pico cell may cover a relatively small geographic area and may allow unrestricted access by UEs 120 with service subscriptions. A femto cell may cover a relatively small geographic area (e.g., a home) and may allow restricted access by UEs 120 having association with the femto cell (e.g., UEs 120 in a closed subscriber group (CSG) ) . A network node 110 for a macro cell may be referred to as a macro network node. A network node 110 for a pico cell may be referred to as a pico network node. A network node 110 for a femto cell may be referred to as a femto network node or an in-home network node. In the example shown in Fig. 1, the network node 110a may be a macro network node for a macro cell 102a, the network node 110b may be a pico network node for a pico cell 102b, and the network node 110c may be a femto network node for a femto cell 102c. A network node may support one or multiple (e.g., three) cells. In some examples, a cell may not necessarily be stationary, and the geographic area of the cell may move according to the location of a network node 110 that is mobile (e.g., a mobile network node) .
[0036] In some aspects, the terms “base station” or “network node” may refer to an aggregated base station, a disaggregated base station, an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node, a relay node, or one or more components thereof. For example, in some aspects, “base station” or “network node” may refer to a CU, a DU, an RU, a Near-Real Time (Near-RT) RAN Intelligent Controller (RIC) , or a Non-Real Time (Non-RT) RIC, or a combination thereof. In some aspects, the terms “base station” or “network node” may refer to one device configured to perform one or more functions, such as those described herein in connection with the network node 110. In some aspects, the terms “base station” or “network node” may refer to a plurality of devices configured to perform the one or more functions. For example, in some distributed systems, each of a quantity of different devices (which may be located in the same geographic location or in different geographic locations) may be configured to perform at least a portion of a function, or to duplicate performance of at least a portion of the function, and the terms “base station” or “network node” may refer to any one or more of those different devices. In some aspects, the terms “base station” or “network node” may refer to one or more virtual base stations or one or more virtual base station functions. For example, in some aspects, two or more base station functions may be instantiated on a single device. In some aspects, the terms “base station” or “network node” may refer to one of the base station functions and not another. In this way, a single device may include more than one base station.
[0037] The wireless network 100 may include one or more relay stations. A relay station is a network node that can receive a transmission of data from an upstream node (e.g., a network node 110 or a UE 120) and send a transmission of the data to a downstream node (e.g., a UE 120 or a network node 110) . A relay station may be a UE 120 that can relay transmissions for other UEs 120. In the example shown in Fig. 1, the network node 110d (e.g., a relay network node) may communicate with the network node 110a (e.g., a macro network node) and the UE 120d in order to facilitate communication between the network node 110a and the UE 120d. A network node 110 that relays communications may be referred to as a relay station, a relay base station, a relay network node, a relay node, a relay, or the like.
[0038] The wireless network 100 may be a heterogeneous network that includes network nodes 110 of different types, such as macro network nodes, pico network nodes, femto network nodes, relay network nodes, or the like. These different types of network nodes 110 may have different transmit power levels, different coverage areas, and / or different impacts on interference in the wireless network 100. For example, macro network nodes may have a high transmit power level (e.g., 5 to 40 watts) whereas pico network nodes, femto network nodes, and relay network nodes may have lower transmit power levels (e.g., 0.1 to 2 watts) .
[0039] A network controller 130 may couple to or communicate with a set of network nodes 110 and may provide coordination and control for these network nodes 110. The network controller 130 may communicate with the network nodes 110 via a backhaul communication link or a midhaul communication link. The network nodes 110 may communicate with one another directly or indirectly via a wireless or wireline backhaul communication link. In some aspects, the network controller 130 may be a CU or a core network device, or may include a CU or a core network device.
[0040] The UEs 120 may be dispersed throughout the wireless network 100, and each UE 120 may be stationary or mobile. A UE 120 may include, for example, an access terminal, a terminal, a mobile station, and / or a subscriber unit. A UE 120 may be a cellular phone (e.g., a smart phone) , a personal digital assistant (PDA) , a wireless modem, a wireless communication device, a handheld device, a laptop computer, a cordless phone, a wireless local loop (WLL) station, a tablet, a camera, a gaming device, a netbook, a smartbook, an ultrabook, a medical device, a biometric device, a wearable device (e.g., a smart watch, smart clothing, smart glasses, a smart wristband, smart jewelry (e.g., a smart ring or a smart bracelet) ) , an entertainment device (e.g., a music device, a video device, and / or a satellite radio) , a vehicular component or sensor, a smart meter / sensor, industrial manufacturing equipment, a global positioning system device, a UE function of a network node, and / or any other suitable device that is configured to communicate via a wireless or wired medium.
[0041] Some UEs 120 may be considered machine-type communication (MTC) or evolved or enhanced machine-type communication (eMTC) UEs. An MTC UE and / or an eMTC UE may include, for example, a robot, a drone, a remote device, a sensor, a meter, a monitor, and / or a location tag, that may communicate with a network node, another device (e.g., a remote device) , or some other entity. Some UEs 120 may be considered Internet-of-Things (IoT) devices, and / or may be implemented as NB-IoT (narrowband IoT) devices. Some UEs 120 may be considered a Customer Premises Equipment. A UE 120 may be included inside a housing that houses components of the UE 120, such as processor components and / or memory components. In some examples, the processor components and the memory components may be coupled together. For example, the processor components (e.g., one or more processors) and the memory components (e.g., a memory) may be operatively coupled, communicatively coupled, electronically coupled, and / or electrically coupled.
[0042] In general, any number of wireless networks 100 may be deployed in a given geographic area. Each wireless network 100 may support a particular RAT and may operate on one or more frequencies. A RAT may be referred to as a radio technology, an air interface, or the like. A frequency may be referred to as a carrier, a frequency channel, or the like. Each frequency may support a single RAT in a given geographic area in order to avoid interference between wireless networks of different RATs. In some cases, NR or 5G RAT networks may be deployed.
[0043] In some examples, two or more UEs 120 (e.g., shown as UE 120a and UE 120e) may communicate directly using one or more sidelink channels (e.g., without using a network node 110 as an intermediary to communicate with one another) . For example, the UEs 120 may communicate using peer-to-peer (P2P) communications, device-to-device (D2D) communications, a vehicle-to-everything (V2X) protocol (e.g., which may include a vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) protocol, a vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) protocol, or a vehicle-to-pedestrian (V2P) protocol) , and / or a mesh network. In such examples, a UE 120 may perform scheduling operations, resource selection operations, and / or other operations described elsewhere herein as being performed by the network node 110.
[0044] Devices of the wireless network 100 may communicate using the electromagnetic spectrum, which may be subdivided by frequency or wavelength into various classes, bands, channels, or the like. For example, devices of the wireless network 100 may communicate using one or more operating bands. In 5G NR, two initial operating bands have been identified as frequency range designations FR1 (410 MHz –7.125 GHz) and FR2 (24.25 GHz –52.6 GHz) . It should be understood that although a portion of FR1 is greater than 6 GHz, FR1 is often referred to (interchangeably) as a “Sub-6 GHz” band in various documents and articles. A similar nomenclature issue sometimes occurs with regard to FR2, which is often referred to (interchangeably) as a “millimeter wave” band in documents and articles, despite being different from the extremely high frequency (EHF) band (30 GHz –300 GHz) which is identified by the International Telecommunications Union (ITU) as a “millimeter wave” band.
[0045] The frequencies between FR1 and FR2 are often referred to as mid-band frequencies. Recent 5G NR studies have identified an operating band for these mid-band frequencies as frequency range designation FR3 (7.125 GHz –24.25 GHz) . Frequency bands falling within FR3 may inherit FR1 characteristics and / or FR2 characteristics, and thus may effectively extend features of FR1 and / or FR2 into mid-band frequencies. In addition, higher frequency bands are currently being explored to extend 5G NR operation beyond 52.6 GHz. For example, three higher operating bands have been identified as frequency range designations FR4a or FR4-1 (52.6 GHz –71 GHz) , FR4 (52.6 GHz –114.25 GHz) , and FR5 (114.25 GHz –300 GHz) . Each of these higher frequency bands falls within the EHF band.
[0046] With the above examples in mind, unless specifically stated otherwise, it should be understood that the term “sub-6 GHz” or the like, if used herein, may broadly represent frequencies that may be less than 6 GHz, may be within FR1, or may include mid-band frequencies. Further, unless specifically stated otherwise, it should be understood that the term “millimeter wave” or the like, if used herein, may broadly represent frequencies that may include mid-band frequencies, may be within FR2, FR4, FR4-a or FR4-1, and / or FR5, or may be within the EHF band. It is contemplated that the frequencies included in these operating bands (e.g., FR1, FR2, FR3, FR4, FR4-a, FR4-1, and / or FR5) may be modified, and techniques described herein are applicable to those modified frequency ranges.
[0047] In some aspects, a first device (e.g., UE 120 or network node 110) may include a communication manager 140. As described in more detail elsewhere herein, the communication manager 140 may receive, from a second device, a plurality of reference signals based at least in part on a plurality of beams; transmit, to the second device, an angle of departure (AoD) associated with a reference signal of the plurality of reference signals; receive, from the second device, a delta value that indicates a difference between the AoD and a beam pointing angle of a custom second device beam; and receive, from the second device, data using a custom first device beam that is derived based at least in part on the delta value. Additionally, or alternatively, the communication manager 140 may perform one or more other operations described herein.
[0048] In some aspects, a second device (e.g., network node 110 or UE 120) may include a communication manager 150. As described in more detail elsewhere herein, the communication manager 150 may transmit, to a first device, a plurality of reference signals based at least in part on a plurality of beams; receive, from the first device, an AoD associated with a reference signal of the plurality of reference signals; transmit, to the first device, a delta value that indicates a difference between the AoD and a beam pointing angle of a custom second device beam; and transmit, to the first device, data using the custom second device beam. Additionally, or alternatively, the communication manager 150 may perform one or more other operations described herein.
[0049] As indicated above, Fig. 1 is provided as an example. Other examples may differ from what is described with regard to Fig. 1.
[0050] Fig. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example 200 of a network node 110 in communication with a UE 120 in a wireless network 100, in accordance with the present disclosure. The network node 110 may be equipped with a set of antennas 234a through 234t, such as T antennas (T ≥ 1) . The UE 120 may be equipped with a set of antennas 252a through 252r, such as R antennas (R ≥ 1) . The network node 110 of example 200 includes one or more radio frequency components, such as antennas 234 and a modem 254. In some examples, a network node 110 may include an interface, a communication component, or another component that facilitates communication with the UE 120 or another network node. Some network nodes 110 may not include radio frequency components that facilitate direct communication with the UE 120, such as one or more CUs, or one or more DUs.
[0051] At the network node 110, a transmit processor 220 may receive data, from a data source 212, intended for the UE 120 (or a set of UEs 120) . The transmit processor 220 may select one or more modulation and coding schemes (MCSs) for the UE 120 based at least in part on one or more channel quality indicators (CQIs) received from that UE 120. The network node 110 may process (e.g., encode and modulate) the data for the UE 120 based at least in part on the MCS (s) selected for the UE 120 and may provide data symbols for the UE 120. The transmit processor 220 may process system information (e.g., for semi-static resource partitioning information (SRPI) ) and control information (e.g., CQI requests, grants, and / or upper layer signaling) and provide overhead symbols and control symbols. The transmit processor 220 may generate reference symbols for reference signals (e.g., a cell-specific reference signal (CRS) or a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) ) and synchronization signals (e.g., a primary synchronization signal (PSS) or a secondary synchronization signal (SSS) ) . A transmit (TX) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) processor 230 may perform spatial processing (e.g., precoding) on the data symbols, the control symbols, the overhead symbols, and / or the reference symbols, if applicable, and may provide a set of output symbol streams (e.g., T output symbol streams) to a corresponding set of modems 232 (e.g., T modems) , shown as modems 232a through 232t. For example, each output symbol stream may be provided to a modulator component (shown as MOD) of a modem 232. Each modem 232 may use a respective modulator component to process a respective output symbol stream (e.g., for OFDM) to obtain an output sample stream. Each modem 232 may further use a respective modulator component to process (e.g., convert to analog, amplify, filter, and / or upconvert) the output sample stream to obtain a downlink signal. The modems 232a through 232t may transmit a set of downlink signals (e.g., T downlink signals) via a corresponding set of antennas 234 (e.g., T antennas) , shown as antennas 234a through 234t.
[0052] At the UE 120, a set of antennas 252 (shown as antennas 252a through 252r) may receive the downlink signals from the network node 110 and / or other network nodes 110 and may provide a set of received signals (e.g., R received signals) to a set of modems 254 (e.g., R modems) , shown as modems 254a through 254r. For example, each received signal may be provided to a demodulator component (shown as DEMOD) of a modem 254. Each modem 254 may use a respective demodulator component to condition (e.g., filter, amplify, downconvert, and / or digitize) a received signal to obtain input samples. Each modem 254 may use a demodulator component to further process the input samples (e.g., for OFDM) to obtain received symbols. A MIMO detector 256 may obtain received symbols from the modems 254, may perform MIMO detection on the received symbols if applicable, and may provide detected symbols. A receive processor 258 may process (e.g., demodulate and decode) the detected symbols, may provide decoded data for the UE 120 to a data sink 260, and may provide decoded control information and system information to a controller / processor 280. The term “controller / processor” may refer to one or more controllers, one or more processors, or a combination thereof. A channel processor may determine a reference signal received power (RSRP) parameter, a received signal strength indicator (RSSI) parameter, a reference signal received quality (RSRQ) parameter, and / or a CQI parameter, among other examples. In some examples, one or more components of the UE 120 may be included in a housing 284.
[0053] The network controller 130 may include a communication unit 294, a controller / processor 290, and a memory 292. The network controller 130 may include, for example, one or more devices in a core network. The network controller 130 may communicate with the network node 110 via the communication unit 294.
[0054] One or more antennas (e.g., antennas 234a through 234t and / or antennas 252a through 252r) may include, or may be included within, one or more antenna panels, one or more antenna groups, one or more sets of antenna elements, and / or one or more antenna arrays, among other examples. An antenna panel, an antenna group, a set of antenna elements, and / or an antenna array may include one or more antenna elements (within a single housing or multiple housings) , a set of coplanar antenna elements, a set of non-coplanar antenna elements, and / or one or more antenna elements coupled to one or more transmission and / or reception components, such as one or more components of Fig. 2.
[0055] On the uplink, at the UE 120, a transmit processor 264 may receive and process data from a data source 262 and control information (e.g., for reports that include RSRP, RSSI, RSRQ, and / or CQI) from the controller / processor 280. The transmit processor 264 may generate reference symbols for one or more reference signals. The symbols from the transmit processor 264 may be precoded by a TX MIMO processor 266 if applicable, further processed by the modems 254 (e.g., for DFT-s-OFDM or CP-OFDM) , and transmitted to the network node 110. In some examples, the modem 254 of the UE 120 may include a modulator and a demodulator. In some examples, the UE 120 includes a transceiver. The transceiver may include any combination of the antenna (s) 252, the modem (s) 254, the MIMO detector 256, the receive processor 258, the transmit processor 264, and / or the TX MIMO processor 266. The transceiver may be used by a processor (e.g., the controller / processor 280) and the memory 282 to perform aspects of any of the methods described herein (e.g., with reference to Figs. 9-14) .
[0056] At the network node 110, the uplink signals from UE 120 and / or other UEs may be received by the antennas 234, processed by the modem 232 (e.g., a demodulator component, shown as DEMOD, of the modem 232) , detected by a MIMO detector 236 if applicable, and further processed by a receive processor 238 to obtain decoded data and control information sent by the UE 120. The receive processor 238 may provide the decoded data to a data sink 239 and provide the decoded control information to the controller / processor 240. The network node 110 may include a communication unit 244 and may communicate with the network controller 130 via the communication unit 244. The network node 110 may include a scheduler 246 to schedule one or more UEs 120 for downlink and / or uplink communications. In some examples, the modem 232 of the network node 110 may include a modulator and a demodulator. In some examples, the network node 110 includes a transceiver. The transceiver may include any combination of the antenna (s) 234, the modem (s) 232, the MIMO detector 236, the receive processor 238, the transmit processor 220, and / or the TX MIMO processor 230. The transceiver may be used by a processor (e.g., the controller / processor 240) and the memory 242 to perform aspects of any of the methods described herein (e.g., with reference to Figs. 9-14) .
[0057] The controller / processor 240 of the network node 110, the controller / processor 280 of the UE 120, and / or any other component (s) of Fig. 2 may perform one or more techniques associated with signaling information for custom beams, as described in more detail elsewhere herein. In some aspects, the first device or the second device described herein is the network node 110, is included in the network node 110, or includes one or more components of the network node 110 shown in Fig. 2. In some aspects, the first device or the second device described herein is the UE 120, is included in the UE 120, or includes one or more components of the UE 120 shown in Fig. 2. For example, the controller / processor 240 of the network node 110, the controller / processor 280 of the UE 120, and / or any other component (s) of Fig. 2 may perform or direct operations of, for example, process 1100 of Fig. 11, process 1200 of Fig. 12, and / or other processes as described herein. The memory 242 and the memory 282 may store data and program codes for the network node 110 and the UE 120, respectively. In some examples, the memory 242 and / or the memory 282 may include a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing one or more instructions (e.g., code and / or program code) for wireless communication. For example, the one or more instructions, when executed (e.g., directly, or after compiling, converting, and / or interpreting) by one or more processors of the network node 110 and / or the UE 120, may cause the one or more processors, the UE 120, and / or the network node 110 to perform or direct operations of, for example, process 1100 of Fig. 11, process 1200 of Fig. 12, and / or other processes as described herein. In some examples, executing instructions may include running the instructions, converting the instructions, compiling the instructions, and / or interpreting the instructions, among other examples.
[0058] In some aspects, a first device (e.g., UE 120 or network node 110) includes means for receiving, from a second device, a plurality of reference signals based at least in part on a plurality of beams; means for transmitting, to the second device, an AoD associated with a reference signal of the plurality of reference signals; means for receiving, from the second device, a delta value that indicates a difference between the AoD and a beam pointing angle of a custom second device beam; and / or means for receiving, from the second device, data using a custom first device beam that is derived based at least in part on the delta value. In some aspects, the means for the first device to perform operations described herein may include, for example, one or more of communication manager 150, transmit processor 220, TX MIMO processor 230, modem 232, antenna 234, MIMO detector 236, receive processor 238, controller / processor 240, memory 242, or scheduler 246. In some aspects, the means for the first device to perform operations described herein may include, for example, one or more of communication manager 140, antenna 252, modem 254, MIMO detector 256, receive processor 258, transmit processor 264, TX MIMO processor 266, controller / processor 280, or memory 282.
[0059] In some aspects, a second device (e.g., network node 110 or UE 120) includes means for transmitting, to a first device, a plurality of reference signals based at least in part on a plurality of beams; means for receiving, from the first device, an AoD associated with a reference signal of the plurality of reference signals; means for transmitting, to the first device, a delta value that indicates a difference between the AoD and a beam pointing angle of a custom second device beam; and / or means for transmitting, to the first device, data using the custom second device beam. In some aspects, the means for the second device to perform operations described herein may include, for example, one or more of communication manager 150, transmit processor 220, TX MIMO processor 230, modem 232, antenna 234, MIMO detector 236, receive processor 238, controller / processor 240, memory 242, or scheduler 246. In some aspects, the means for the second device to perform operations described herein may include, for example, one or more of communication manager 140, antenna 252, modem 254, MIMO detector 256, receive processor 258, transmit processor 264, TX MIMO processor 266, controller / processor 280, or memory 282.
[0060] While blocks in Fig. 2 are illustrated as distinct components, the functions described above with respect to the blocks may be implemented in a single hardware, software, or combination component or in various combinations of components. For example, the functions described with respect to the transmit processor 264, the receive processor 258, and / or the TX MIMO processor 266 may be performed by or under the control of the controller / processor 280.
[0061] As indicated above, Fig. 2 is provided as an example. Other examples may differ from what is described with regard to Fig. 2.
[0062] Deployment of communication systems, such as 5G NR systems, may be arranged in multiple manners with various components or constituent parts. In a 5G NR system, or network, a network node, a network entity, a mobility element of a network, a RAN node, a core network node, a network element, a base station, or a network equipment may be implemented in an aggregated or disaggregated architecture. For example, a base station (such as a Node B (NB) , an evolved NB (eNB) , an NR BS, a 5G NB, an access point (AP) , a TRP, or a cell, among other examples) , or one or more units (or one or more components) performing base station functionality, may be implemented as an aggregated base station (also known as a standalone base station or a monolithic base station) or a disaggregated base station. “Network entity” or “network node” may refer to a disaggregated base station, or to one or more units of a disaggregated base station (such as one or more CUs, one or more DUs, one or more RUs, or a combination thereof) .
[0063] An aggregated base station (e.g., an aggregated network node) may be configured to utilize a radio protocol stack that is physically or logically integrated within a single RAN node (e.g., within a single device or unit) . A disaggregated base station (e.g., a disaggregated network node) may be configured to utilize a protocol stack that is physically or logically distributed among two or more units (such as one or more CUs, one or more DUs, or one or more RUs) . In some examples, a CU may be implemented within a network node, and one or more DUs may be co-located with the CU, or alternatively, may be geographically or virtually distributed throughout one or multiple other network nodes. The DUs may be implemented to communicate with one or more RUs. Each of the CU, DU, and RU also can be implemented as virtual units, such as a virtual central unit (VCU) , a virtual distributed unit (VDU) , or a virtual radio unit (VRU) , among other examples.
[0064] Base station-type operation or network design may consider aggregation characteristics of base station functionality. For example, disaggregated base stations may be utilized in an IAB network, an open radio access network (O-RAN (such as the network configuration sponsored by the O-RAN Alliance) ) , or a virtualized radio access network (vRAN, also known as a cloud radio access network (C-RAN) ) to facilitate scaling of communication systems by separating base station functionality into one or more units that can be individually deployed. A disaggregated base station may include functionality implemented across two or more units at various physical locations, as well as functionality implemented for at least one unit virtually, which can enable flexibility in network design. The various units of the disaggregated base station can be configured for wired or wireless communication with at least one other unit of the disaggregated base station.
[0065] Fig. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example disaggregated base station architecture 300, in accordance with the present disclosure. The disaggregated base station architecture 300 may include a CU 310 that can communicate directly with a core network 320 via a backhaul link, or indirectly with the core network 320 through one or more disaggregated control units (such as a Near-RT RIC 325 via an E2 link, or a Non-RT RIC 315 associated with a Service Management and Orchestration (SMO) Framework 305, or both) . A CU 310 may communicate with one or more DUs 330 via respective midhaul links, such as through F1 interfaces. Each of the DUs 330 may communicate with one or more RUs 340 via respective fronthaul links. Each of the RUs 340 may communicate with one or more UEs 120 via respective radio frequency (RF) access links. In some implementations, a UE 120 may be simultaneously served by multiple RUs 340.
[0066] Each of the units, including the CUs 310, the DUs 330, the RUs 340, as well as the Near-RT RICs 325, the Non-RT RICs 315, and the SMO Framework 305, may include one or more interfaces or be coupled with one or more interfaces configured to receive or transmit signals, data, or information (collectively, signals) via a wired or wireless transmission medium. Each of the units, or an associated processor or controller providing instructions to one or multiple communication interfaces of the respective unit, can be configured to communicate with one or more of the other units via the transmission medium. In some examples, each of the units can include a wired interface, configured to receive or transmit signals over a wired transmission medium to one or more of the other units, and a wireless interface, which may include a receiver, a transmitter or transceiver (such as an RF transceiver) , configured to receive or transmit signals, or both, over a wireless transmission medium to one or more of the other units.
[0067] In some aspects, the CU 310 may host one or more higher layer control functions. Such control functions can include radio resource control (RRC) functions, packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) functions, or service data adaptation protocol (SDAP) functions, among other examples. Each control function can be implemented with an interface configured to communicate signals with other control functions hosted by the CU 310. The CU 310 may be configured to handle user plane functionality (for example, Central Unit –User Plane (CU-UP) functionality) , control plane functionality (for example, Central Unit –Control Plane (CU-CP) functionality) , or a combination thereof. In some implementations, the CU 310 can be logically split into one or more CU-UP units and one or more CU-CP units. A CU-UP unit can communicate bidirectionally with a CU-CP unit via an interface, such as the E1 interface when implemented in an O-RAN configuration. The CU 310 can be implemented to communicate with a DU 330, as necessary, for network control and signaling.
[0068] Each DU 330 may correspond to a logical unit that includes one or more base station functions to control the operation of one or more RUs 340. In some aspects, the DU 330 may host one or more of a radio link control (RLC) layer, a MAC layer, and one or more high physical (PHY) layers depending, at least in part, on a functional split, such as a functional split defined by the 3GPP. In some aspects, the one or more high PHY layers may be implemented by one or more modules for forward error correction (FEC) encoding and decoding, scrambling, and modulation and demodulation, among other examples. In some aspects, the DU 330 may further host one or more low PHY layers, such as implemented by one or more modules for a fast Fourier transform (FFT) , an inverse FFT (iFFT) , digital beamforming, or physical random access channel (PRACH) extraction and filtering, among other examples. Each layer (which also may be referred to as a module) can be implemented with an interface configured to communicate signals with other layers (and modules) hosted by the DU 330, or with the control functions hosted by the CU 310.
[0069] Each RU 340 may implement lower-layer functionality. In some deployments, an RU 340, controlled by a DU 330, may correspond to a logical node that hosts RF processing functions or low-PHY layer functions, such as performing an FFT, performing an iFFT, digital beamforming, or PRACH extraction and filtering, among other examples, based on a functional split (for example, a functional split defined by the 3GPP) , such as a lower layer functional split. In such an architecture, each RU 340 can be operated to handle over the air (OTA) communication with one or more UEs 120. In some implementations, real-time and non-real-time aspects of control and user plane communication with the RU (s) 340 can be controlled by the corresponding DU 330. In some scenarios, this configuration can enable each DU 330 and the CU 310 to be implemented in a cloud-based RAN architecture, such as a vRAN architecture.
[0070] The SMO Framework 305 may be configured to support RAN deployment and provisioning of non-virtualized and virtualized network elements. For non-virtualized network elements, the SMO Framework 305 may be configured to support the deployment of dedicated physical resources for RAN coverage requirements, which may be managed via an operations and maintenance interface (such as an O1 interface) . For virtualized network elements, the SMO Framework 305 may be configured to interact with a cloud computing platform (such as an open cloud (O-Cloud) platform 390) to perform network element life cycle management (such as to instantiate virtualized network elements) via a cloud computing platform interface (such as an O2 interface) . Such virtualized network elements can include, but are not limited to, CUs 310, DUs 330, RUs 340, non-RT RICs 315, and Near-RT RICs 325. In some implementations, the SMO Framework 305 can communicate with a hardware aspect of a 4G RAN, such as an open eNB (O-eNB) 311, via an O1 interface. Additionally, in some implementations, the SMO Framework 305 can communicate directly with each of one or more RUs 340 via a respective O1 interface. The SMO Framework 305 also may include a Non-RT RIC 315 configured to support functionality of the SMO Framework 305.
[0071] The Non-RT RIC 315 may be configured to include a logical function that enables non-real-time control and optimization of RAN elements and resources, Artificial Intelligence / Machine Learning (AI / ML) workflows including model training and updates, or policy-based guidance of applications / features in the Near-RT RIC 325. The Non-RT RIC 315 may be coupled to or communicate with (such as via an A1 interface) the Near-RT RIC 325. The Near-RT RIC 325 may be configured to include a logical function that enables near-real-time control and optimization of RAN elements and resources via data collection and actions over an interface (such as via an E2 interface) connecting one or more CUs 310, one or more DUs 330, or both, as well as an O-eNB, with the Near-RT RIC 325.
[0072] In some implementations, to generate AI / ML models to be deployed in the Near-RT RIC 325, the Non-RT RIC 315 may receive parameters or external enrichment information from external servers. Such information may be utilized by the Near-RT RIC 325 and may be received at the SMO Framework 305 or the Non-RT RIC 315 from non-network data sources or from network functions. In some examples, the Non-RT RIC 315 or the Near-RT RIC 325 may be configured to tune RAN behavior or performance. For example, the Non-RT RIC 315 may monitor long-term trends and patterns for performance and employ AI / ML models to perform corrective actions through the SMO Framework 305 (such as reconfiguration via an O1 interface) or via creation of RAN management policies (such as A1 interface policies) .
[0073] As indicated above, Fig. 3 is provided as an example. Other examples may differ from what is described with regard to Fig. 3.
[0074] Analog beamforming at mmWave frequencies may be improved by acquiring information regarding an underlying raw channel using compressed sensing / machine learning tools. A hybrid beamforming input-output relationship per tone for a downlink (y) may be defined in accordance with y = AHBPx+n. Here, H indicates a raw channel matrix, which may be represented by NRx× NTx. H may be a function of core parameters, such as a number of clusters and per-cluster angle of arrival (AoA) , angle of departure (AoD) , zenith angle of arrival (ZoA) , zenith angle of departure (ZoD) , delays, and / or powers. Further, A may indicate a receive (Rx) (analog) beamforming matrix, which may be represented by NRP×NRx. Further, B may indicate a Tx (analog) beamforming matrix, which may be represented by NTx×NTP. Further, x may indicate the transmit signal vector, and n may indicate additive white Gaussian noise. Further, P may indicate a Tx (digital) precoding matrix, which may be represented by NTP×NSS. Multiple Tx and Rx beamformed measurements (AiHBj) may be used to infer some information regarding the raw channel H. The information may be associated with a channel AoA / AoD estimation. The information acquired about the raw channel H may be leveraged for dynamic codebook adaptation and for creating custom non-codebook-based analog beams, which may result in a capacity improvement. Further, the information acquired about the raw channel H may be leveraged for predicting an oversampled codebook index through non-oversampled codebook measurement, which may result in an overhead reduction.
[0075] Fig. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example 400 of a hybrid beamforming input-output relationship per tone for a downlink, in accordance with the present disclosure.
[0076] As shown in Fig. 4, a receiver (e.g., a UE) may include a digital beamformer, which may be associated with an analog beamformer of the receiver. The analog beamformer of the receiver may be associated with an Rx (analog) beamforming matrix (A) . The receiver may be associated with a plurality of Rx beams (e.g., A1 to AN) . The plurality of Rx beams may be associated with a plurality of pointing directions and a plurality of predefined codebooks, respectively. The plurality of Rx beams may be associated with a plurality of codebook-based beams. A transmitter (e.g., a network node) may include a digital precoder (P) , which may be associated with an analog beamformer of the transmitter. The analog beamformer of the transmitter may be associated with a Tx (analog) beamforming matrix (B) . The transmitter may be associated with a plurality of Tx beams (e.g., B1 to BM) . The plurality of Tx beams may be associated with a plurality of pointing directions and a plurality of predefined codebooks, respectively. The plurality of Tx beams may be associated with a plurality of codebook-based beams. A channel (H) may exist between the receiver and the transmitter.
[0077] As indicated above, Fig. 4 is provided as an example. Other examples may differ from what is described with regard to Fig. 4.
[0078] A quantized representation of a channel in an angular space may be derived, where the channel may be between a receiver (e.g., a UE) and a transmitter (e.g., a network node) . The angular space may be divided at the receiver and the transmitter to grids of sizes and respectively, where “azi” indicates an azimuth and “elev” indication an elevation. Grid size values may be and A quantity of antennas at the receiver may be represented by NUEant, and a quantity of antennas at the transmitter may be represented by NNBant. A dth delay tap of a quantized channel model (Hd) may be denoted by where PR may indicate a function of location vector of receiver antenna elements, may indicate channel gains across quantized transmit and receive angles and may be associated with a receiver and a transmitter element response, and PT may indicate a function of location vector of transmitter antenna elements. Further, PR may be represented by may be represented by and may be represented by For example, PR may be [8× [16×16] ] , may be [ [16×16] × [64×32] ] , and may be : [ [64×32] ×64] . The channel may be rewritten in a vectorized format in accordance with where may be associated with a channel sparsifying dictionary (Ψ) .
[0079] Fig. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example 500 of a quantized representation of a channel in an angular space, in accordance with the present disclosure.
[0080] As shown in Fig. 5, a receiver (e.g., a UE) may include a digital beamformer, which may be associated with an analog beamformer of the receiver. The analog beamformer of the receiver may be associated with an Rx (analog) beamforming matrix (A) . A transmitter (e.g., a network node) may include a digital precoder (P) , which may be associated with an analog beamformer of the transmitter. The analog beamformer of the transmitter may be associated with a Tx (analog) beamforming matrix (B) . A channel (H) may exist between the receiver and the transmitter. An AoD / ZoD may be quantized to one of four adjacent two-dimensional (2D) grid points, where the 2D grid points may be based at least in part on an angular space at the receiver and the transmitter being divided into grids of certain sizes.
[0081] As indicated above, Fig. 5 is provided as an example. Other examples may differ from what is described with regard to Fig. 5.
[0082] Fig. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example 600 of a sparse recovery formulation of a raw channel estimation, in accordance with the present disclosure.
[0083] As shown by reference number 602, a receiver (e.g., a UE) may be associated with a plurality of Rx beams (e.g., A1 to A4) , which may include Rx beam Ai. A transmitter (e.g., a network node) may be associated with a plurality of Tx beams (e.g., B1 to BN) , which may include Tx beam Bi. As shown by reference number 604, a channel impulse response (CIR) for (Ai, Bi) may be defined. A dth delay tap of the CIR for an ith Tx and an ith Rx beam may be defined as yd, i, where where (sparsifying dictionary) , and Φi may be a function of Tx and Rx analog beamforming matrices used for the ith measurement. As shown by reference number 606, a receiver (e.g., a UE) may be associated with a plurality of Rx beams (e.g., A1 to A4) , which may include Rx beam Aj. A transmitter (e.g., a network node) may be associated with a plurality of Tx beams (e.g., B1 to BN) , which may include Tx beam Bj. A dth delay tap of the CIR for a jth Tx and a jth Rx beam may be defined as yd, j. As shown by reference number 608, a CIR for (Aj, Bj) may be defined. With respect to the CIR for (Ai, Bi) and the CIR for (Aj, Bj) ,
[0084] When considering CIRs corresponding to M different beam pairs, multiple equations may be stacked to obtain the following:
[0085]
[0086] where may be a sparse representation of a channel vector. Given yd and measurement matrix ΦΨ, orthogonal matching pursuit (OMP) may be used to recover and hence Hd.
[0087] Fig. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example 700 of a sparse recovery formulation of a raw channel estimation, in accordance with the present disclosure.
[0088] As shown in Fig. 7, a receiver (e.g., a UE) may include a digital beamformer, which may be associated with an analog beamformer of the receiver. The analog beamformer of the receiver may be associated with an Rx (analog) beamforming matrix (A) . A transmitter (e.g., a network node) may include a digital precoder (P) , which may be associated with an analog beamformer of the transmitter. The analog beamformer of the transmitter may be associated with a Tx (analog) beamforming matrix (B) . A channel (H) may exist between the receiver and the transmitter. The channel, which may be represented by Hd, may be derived based at least in part on M different beam pairs. The M different beam pairs may correspond to Rx-Tx beam pairs between the receiver and the transmitter. Given yd, which may be based at least in part on the M different beam pairs, and measurement matrix ΦΨ, OMP may be used to recover and hence Hd.
[0089] As indicated above, Fig. 7 is provided as an example. Other examples may differ from what is described with regard to Fig. 7.
[0090] A receiver (e.g., a UE) may determine some information regarding a transmitter (e.g., a network node) in order to perform an OMP process for sparse recovery. For each transmit antenna s, the receiver may determine (location vector of Tx antenna element s) , such that the receiver may compute a dot product and then compute where may be computed at the quantized set of angles θn, m, ZoD and φn, m, AoD. The receiver may compute for a plurality of Tx antennas s and a quantized set of angles in the grid (θn, m, ZoD and φn, m, AoD) , and then the receiver may accumulate the results in The UE may determine Bi (a transmitter array response) for transmitter codebook beams so that the UE is able to compute
[0091] The receiver may run an OMP process for sparse recovery. The receiver may run the OMP for tap d, and the receiver may run the OMP process per-tap. By leveraging a sparsity of a mmWave channel in a tap domain, the OMP process may be run for a few dominant taps. For each tap, in each iteration of the OMP process, most likely AoA, AoD, ZoA, and / or ZoD may be identified. Through an iterative process, a contribution of identified angles may be subtracted from an observation vector and a residual may be computed. The OMP process may be iterated up to a point where a certain criterion is satisfied (e.g., a mean squared error (MSE) of the residual is less than a threshold) or for a fixed quantity of iterations.
[0092] The receiver may, via the OMP process, obtain an input of yd, Φ, and Ψ. The receiver may, via the OMP process, perform an initialization, such that y′d=yd. The receiver may, via the OMP process, set The receiver may, via the OMP process, determine where the ith index may correspond to an AoA, AoD, ZoA, and / or ZoD quadruple from a sparsifying dictionary. The receiver may, via the OMP process, extract where and aR is associated with a receiver (UE) antenna element response vector and aT is associated with a transmitter (network node) antenna element response vector. The receiver may, via the OMP process, compute The receiver may, via the OMP process, determine and a residual according to The receiver may, via the OMP process, determine an output of and xd.
[0093] Fig. 8 is a diagram illustrating an example 800 of customer non-codebook-based beams, in accordance with the present disclosure.
[0094] As shown in Fig. 8, custom non-codebook-based beams may be created at a receiver (e.g., a UE) and at a transmitter (e.g., a network node) , where the custom non-codebook-based beams may be tailored to an underlying raw channel between the receiver and the transmitter using OMP. The custom non-codebook-based beams may be based at least in part on a strongest channel path between the receiver and the transmitter. In some cases, the receiver and the network node may point their beams at a strongest cluster direction. The receiver may transmit, to the network node, feedback regarding estimated AoD (s) , and the network node may use the feedback to create a custom non-codebook-based Tx beam that is tailored to the underlying channel. Custom non-codebook-based beams may provide better metrics (e.g., a better spectral efficiency) as compared to DFT (codebook-based) beams.
[0095] As indicated above, Fig. 8 is provided as an example. Other examples may differ from what is described with regard to Fig. 8.
[0096] Codebook beams may be associated with predefined directions and may not be tailored to a channel. For example, a first device and a second device may communicate with each other using codebook beams, but such codebook beams may not be specifically tailored to the channel between the first device and the second device. Non-codebook-based beams may be created to be tailored to the channel between the first device and the second device. The first device and / or the second device may signal indications of beam boresight directions, which may aid in the creation of the non-codebook-based beams. However, inefficiencies in signaling the indications of beam boresight directions may increase a signaling overhead between the first device and the second device.
[0097] In various aspects of techniques and apparatuses described herein, a first device (e.g., a UE) may receive, from a second device (e.g., a network node) , a plurality of reference signals based at least in part on a plurality of beams. The first device may transmit, to the second device, an AoD associated with a reference signal of the plurality of reference signals. The first device may receive, from the second device, a delta value that indicates a difference between the AoD and a beam pointing angle of a custom second device beam. The delta value may be a differential value. The first device may receive, from the second device, data using a custom first device beam that is derived based at least in part on the delta value. The first device may determine the custom first device beam based at least in part on the delta value, where the delta value may be based at least in part on the AoD reported by the first device. The first device may determine a beam boresight direction associated with the custom first device beam based at least in part on the delta value. The second device may transmit the data using the custom second device beam. The custom second device beam may be associated with a beam boresight direction. The custom first device beam and the custom second device beam may correspond to a custom transmit-receive beam pair, as opposed to a transmit-receive beam pair based at least in part on a predefined codebook, which may improve a data rate over a channel due to a strongest channel path being used between the first device and the second device.
[0098] In some aspects, differential beam boresight direction angles may be indicated. In a first option, a second device may create a predefined two-dimensional grid and index the grid points. The second device may compute an angular difference with respect to the nearest grid point on the two-dimensional grid. In a second option, the second device may signal boresight directions of second device codebook beams to the first device. The second device may compute an angular difference with respect to the nearest beam of the second device codebook beams. However, the disadvantage with these options is that a differential value (e.g., the angular difference) may need to be accompanied by an index of a grid point so that the first device may identify a direction. In other words, the second device may also need to indicate the index of the grid point, which may increase a signaling overhead. Reducing signaling overhead may be important when dynamic signaling is employed for the purpose of codebook adaptation.
[0099] In some aspects, the delta value (or differential value) may be computed with respect to a value that is already estimated and known by the first UE (e.g., the AoD) , so the second device may only need to indicate the delta value and not a reference point (e.g., the index of the grid point) , thereby reducing an amount of signaling between the first device and the second device.
[0100] Fig. 9 is a diagram illustrating an example 900 associated with signaling information for custom beams, in accordance with the present disclosure. As shown in Fig. 9, example 900 includes communication between a first device (e.g., UE 120 or network node 110) and a second device (e.g., network node 110 or UE 120) . In some aspects, the first device and the second device may be included in a wireless network, such as wireless network 100.
[0101] In some aspects, the first device may be a UE and the second device may be a network node. Alternatively, the first device may be a network node and the second device may be a UE.
[0102] As shown by reference number 902, the first device may receive, from the second device, a plurality of reference signals. The second device may transmit the plurality of reference signals based at least in part on a plurality of Tx beams (e.g., B1 to BN) . The first device may receive the plurality of reference signals based at least in part on a plurality of Rx beams (e.g., A1 to A4) . In some aspects, when the first device is the UE and the second device is the network node, the plurality of reference signals may be downlink reference signals. In some aspects, when the first device is the network node and the second device is the UE, the plurality of reference signals may be uplink reference signals.
[0103] As shown by reference number 904, the first device may transmit, to the second device, an AoD associated with a reference signal of the plurality of reference signals. The first device may determine the AoD associated with the reference signal of the plurality of reference signals. The first device may estimate channel AoD (s) based at least in part on the plurality of reference signals received from the second device. Additionally, or alternatively, the first device may determine an AoA associated with the reference signal of the plurality of reference signals. The first device may estimate channel AoA (s) based at least in part on the plurality of reference signals received from the second device. The first device may transmit, to the second device, the AoD and / or the AoA associated with the reference signal of the plurality of reference signals. In some aspects, the first device may transmit, to the second device, an indication of a confidence level associated with the AoD and / or the AoA, where the confidence level may be used by the second device for a custom beam selection. Thus, the first device may estimate the AoD and / or the AoA, and the first device may report the estimated AoD and / or AoA to the second device.
[0104] As shown by reference number 906, the first device may receive, from the second device, a delta value that indicates a difference between the AoD and a beam pointing angle of a custom second device beam. The first device may receive the delta value via a differential signaling. The delta value may indicate a difference in an azimuth angle between the AoD and the beam pointing angle of the custom second device beam. The delta value may indicate a difference in an elevation angle between the AoD and the beam pointing angle of the custom second device beam. Thus, the delta value (Δ) may indicate the azimuth and elevation angles associated with the custom second device beam in relation to the AoD and / or the AoA reported by the first device.
[0105] In some aspects, the second device may select the custom second device beam based at least in part on the AoD and / or the AoA indicated by the first device. For example, the second device may select the custom second device beam having a beam pointing angle that is the closest to the AoD and / or the AoA indicated by the first device, as compared to other custom second device beams having other respective beam pointing angles. Due to second device hardware constraints, the second device may not be able to point a custom beam exactly at the AoD and / or the AoA estimated by the first device, but the second device may attempt to create the custom second device beam to be relatively close to the AoD and / or the AoA estimated by the first device. The second device may calculate the delta value after selecting the custom second device beam having the beam pointing angle that is the closest to the AoD and / or the AoA indicated by the first device. In some aspects, the delta value may indicate a difference between the estimated AoD and / or AoA by the first device, and a beam pointing angle associated with a beam boresight direction of the custom second device beam.
[0106] In some aspects, the first device may receive the delta value from the second device via downlink control information (DCI) . Alternatively, the first device may receive the delta value from the second device via a medium access control control element (MAC-CE) .
[0107] As shown by reference number 908, the first device may receive, from the second device, data using a custom first device beam that is derived based at least in part on the delta value. The second device may transmit, to the first device, the data using the custom second device beam. The custom second device beam may be associated with a beam boresight direction, which may correspond to the beam boresight direction associated with the custom first device beam. The first device may derive the custom first device beam based at least in part on the delta value, which may be based at least in part on the delta value being in relation to the AoD and / or the AoA reported by the first device. The custom second device beam and the custom first device beam may be custom non-codebook-based analog beams. The custom second device beam may be a custom non-codebook-based analog Rx beam, and the custom first device beam may be a custom non-codebook-based analog Tx beam.
[0108] In some aspects, the first device may be a UE, the second device may be a gNB, the custom second device beam may be a custom gNB beam, and the custom first device beam may be a custom UE beam. In this case, the AoD and / or the AoA reported by the UE may be based at least in part on downlink reference signals. In some aspects, the first device may be a gNB, the second device may be a UE, the custom second device beam may be a custom UE beam, and the custom first device beam may be a custom gNB beam. In this case, the AoD and / or the AoA reported by the gNB may be based at least in part on uplink reference signals.
[0109] In some aspects, the first device may not receive the delta value from the second device. Rather, the first device may receive, from the second device, an acknowledgement (ACK) that the custom second device beam is sufficiently aligned with the AoD based at least in part on the delta value satisfying a threshold. In this case, the first device may determine the custom first device beam based at least in part on the AoD and / or the AoA reported by the first device, instead of determining the custom first device beam based at least in part on the delta value.
[0110] In some aspects, the second device may be unable to create the custom second device beam to be relatively close to the AoD and / or the AoA estimated by the first device (e.g., the second device cannot create a custom beam along the estimated AoD) , or the AoD and / or the AoA estimated by the first device is closer than a threshold to a codebook-based beam, and the second device may select a beam from an existing codebook that is closest to the AoD and / or the AoA estimated by the first device. In other words, in some cases, the beam from the existing codebook may be closer to the estimated AoD and / or the estimated AoA as compared to any custom beam that may be created by the second device.
[0111] In some aspects, when the first device indicates the AoD and / or the AoA to the second device, the first device may also indicate the confidence level associated with the AoD and / or the AoA. The second device may determine whether to create the custom second device beam based at least in part on the confidence level. For example, the second device may create the custom second device beam based at least in part on a high confidence level. As another example, the second device may fall back to an existing behavior and use its codebook beams based at least in part on a low confidence level.
[0112] In some aspects, the second device (e.g., the network node) may signal the differential boresight direction to the first device (e.g., the UE) for downlink communications from the second device to the first device. In some aspects, the first (e.g., the UE) device may signal the differential boresight direction to the second device (e.g., the network node) for uplink communications from the first device to the second device.
[0113] As indicated above, Fig. 9 is provided as an example. Other examples may differ from what is described with regard to Fig. 9.
[0114] Fig. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example 1000 associated with signaling information for custom beams, in accordance with the present disclosure.
[0115] As shown in Fig. 10, an angular space between a first device (e.g., a UE) and a second device (e.g., a network node) may be divided to form a two-dimensional grid. The first device may report, to the second device, an AoD associated with a reference signal. The second device may determine a beam point angle for a custom second device beam. The second device may select the custom second device beam based at least in part on the AoD reported by the first device. For example, the second device may select the custom second device beam that is within a certain distance and / or angle from the AoD reported by the first device. The custom second device beam may not be one of the 32 codebook-based beams associated with the second device, which are shown in relation to the two-dimensional grid. The second device may determine a delta value (Δ) between the AoD reported by the first device and the beam pointing angle for the custom second device beam. The delta value may include a delta in an azimuth angle (Δφ) with respect to the AoD reported by the first device, and the delta value may include a delta in an elevation angle (Δθ) with respect to the AoD reported by the first device. In other words, for a second-device-side custom beam for a transmission (e.g., a downlink transmission) , the second device may signal the delta value in azimuth and elevation angles with respect to AoD (s) reported by the first device. A differential signaling (e.g., signaling the delta value) for custom non- codebook-based beams may lead to lower overhead and better precision, as compared to signaling absolute values for beam pointing angles.
[0116] In some aspects, a sign of the delta value may be based at least in part on a direction with respect to a second device panel. For example, going to the left with respect to the reported AoD may amount to a positive azimuth difference and vice versa (Δφ>0) . Further, in this example, going up with respect to the reported AoD may amount to a positive elevation angle gain and vice versa (Δθ>0) . In some aspects, when the delta value satisfies a threshold (e.g., the delta value is less than the threshold) , the second device may transmit a low-overhead ACK, which may indicate that a custom second device beam (e.g., a custom Tx beam) is sufficiently aligned with a channel AoD. In this case, the second device may not transmit an exact delta value (or exact differential value) to the first device, and instead, may only transmit the ACK to the first device.
[0117] As indicated above, Fig. 10 is provided as an example. Other examples may differ from what is described with regard to Fig. 10.
[0118] Fig. 11 is a diagram illustrating an example process 1100 performed, for example, by a first device, in accordance with the present disclosure. Example process 1100 is an example where the first device (e.g., UE 120 or network node 110) performs operations associated with signaling information for custom beams.
[0119] As shown in Fig. 11, in some aspects, process 1100 may include receiving, from a second device, a plurality of reference signals based at least in part on a plurality of beams (block 1110) . For example, the first device (e.g., using reception component 1302, depicted in Fig. 13) may receive, from a second device, a plurality of reference signals based at least in part on a plurality of beams, as described above.
[0120] As further shown in Fig. 11, in some aspects, process 1100 may include transmitting, to the second device, an AoD associated with a reference signal of the plurality of reference signals (block 1120) . For example, the first device (e.g., using transmission component 1304, depicted in Fig. 13) may transmit, to the second device, an AoD associated with a reference signal of the plurality of reference signals, as described above.
[0121] As further shown in Fig. 11, in some aspects, process 1100 may include receiving, from the second device, a delta value that indicates a difference between the AoD and a beam pointing angle of a custom second device beam (block 1130) . For example, the first device (e.g., using reception component 1302, depicted in Fig. 13) may receive, from the second device, a delta value that indicates a difference between the AoD and a beam pointing angle of a custom second device beam, as described above.
[0122] As further shown in Fig. 11, in some aspects, process 1100 may include receiving, from the second device, data using a custom first device beam that is derived based at least in part on the delta value (block 1140) . For example, the first device (e.g., using reception component 1302, depicted in Fig. 13) may receive, from the second device, data using a custom first device beam that is derived based at least in part on the delta value, as described above.
[0123] Process 1100 may include additional aspects, such as any single aspect or any combination of aspects described below and / or in connection with one or more other processes described elsewhere herein.
[0124] In a first aspect, the delta value indicates a difference in an azimuth angle between the AoD and the beam pointing angle of the custom second device beam.
[0125] In a second aspect, alone or in combination with the first aspect, the delta value indicates a difference in an elevation angle between the AoD and the beam pointing angle of the custom second device beam.
[0126] In a third aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first and second aspects, the delta value is received from the second device via DCI.
[0127] In a fourth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through third aspects, the delta value is received from the second device via a MAC-CE.
[0128] In a fifth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through fourth aspects, process 1100 includes transmitting, to the second device, an indication of a confidence level associated with the AoD, wherein the custom second device beam is selected based at least in part on the confidence level.
[0129] In a sixth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through fifth aspects, process 1100 includes receiving, from the second device, an acknowledgement that the custom second device beam is sufficiently aligned with the AoD based at least in part on the delta value satisfying a threshold.
[0130] In a seventh aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through sixth aspects, the custom second device beam and the custom first device beam are custom non-codebook-based analog beams.
[0131] In an eighth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through seventh aspects, the first device is a UE and the second device is a network node, and the plurality of reference signals comprise downlink reference signals, or the first device is the network node and the second device is the UE, and the plurality of reference signals comprise uplink reference signals.
[0132] Although Fig. 11 shows example blocks of process 1100, in some aspects, process 1100 may include additional blocks, fewer blocks, different blocks, or differently arranged blocks than those depicted in Fig. 11. Additionally, or alternatively, two or more of the blocks of process 1100 may be performed in parallel.
[0133] Fig. 12 is a diagram illustrating an example process 1200 performed, for example, by a second device, in accordance with the present disclosure. Example process 1200 is an example where the second device (e.g., network node 110 or UE 120) performs operations associated with signaling information for custom beams.
[0134] As shown in Fig. 12, in some aspects, process 1200 may include transmitting, to a first device, a plurality of reference signals based at least in part on a plurality of beams (block 1210) . For example, the second device (e.g., using transmission component 1404, depicted in Fig. 14) may transmit, to a first device, a plurality of reference signals based at least in part on a plurality of beams, as described above.
[0135] As further shown in Fig. 12, in some aspects, process 1200 may include receiving, from the first device, an AoD associated with a reference signal of the plurality of reference signals (block 1220) . For example, the second device (e.g., using reception component 1402, depicted in Fig. 14) may receive, from the first device, an AoD associated with a reference signal of the plurality of reference signals, as described above.
[0136] As further shown in Fig. 12, in some aspects, process 1200 may include transmitting, to the first device, a delta value that indicates a difference between the AoD and a beam pointing angle of a custom second device beam (block 1230) . For example, the second device (e.g., using transmission component 1404, depicted in Fig. 14) may transmit, to the first device, a delta value that indicates a difference between the AoD and a beam pointing angle of a custom second device beam, as described above.
[0137] As further shown in Fig. 12, in some aspects, process 1200 may include transmitting, to the first device, data using the custom second device beam (block 1240) . For example, the second device (e.g., using transmission component 1404, depicted in Fig. 14) may transmit, to the first device, data using the custom second device beam, as described above.
[0138] Process 1200 may include additional aspects, such as any single aspect or any combination of aspects described below and / or in connection with one or more other processes described elsewhere herein.
[0139] In a first aspect, the delta value indicates one or more of a difference in an azimuth angle between the AoD and the beam pointing angle of the custom second device beam, or a difference in an elevation angle between the AoD and the beam pointing angle of the custom second device beam.
[0140] In a second aspect, alone or in combination with the first aspect, the delta value is transmitted to the first device via DCI or via a MAC-CE.
[0141] In a third aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first and second aspects, process 1200 includes receiving, from the first device, an indication of a confidence level associated with the AoD, wherein the custom second device beam is selected based at least in part on the confidence level.
[0142] In a fourth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through third aspects, process 1200 includes transmitting, to the first device, an acknowledgement that the custom second device beam is sufficiently aligned with the AoD based at least in part on the delta value satisfying a threshold.
[0143] In a fifth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through fourth aspects, the first device is a UE and the second device is a network node, and the plurality of reference signals comprise downlink reference signals, or the first device is the network node and the second device is the UE, and the plurality of reference signals comprise uplink reference signals.
[0144] Although Fig. 12 shows example blocks of process 1200, in some aspects, process 1200 may include additional blocks, fewer blocks, different blocks, or differently arranged blocks than those depicted in Fig. 12. Additionally, or alternatively, two or more of the blocks of process 1200 may be performed in parallel.
[0145] Fig. 13 is a diagram of an example apparatus 1300 for wireless communication, in accordance with the present disclosure. The apparatus 1300 may be a first device, or a first device may include the apparatus 1300. In some aspects, the apparatus 1300 includes a reception component 1302 and a transmission component 1304, which may be in communication with one another (for example, via one or more buses and / or one or more other components) . As shown, the apparatus 1300 may communicate with another apparatus 1306 (such as a UE, a base station, or another wireless communication device) using the reception component 1302 and the transmission component 1304.
[0146] In some aspects, the apparatus 1300 may be configured to perform one or more operations described herein in connection with Figs. 9-10. Additionally, or alternatively, the apparatus 1300 may be configured to perform one or more processes described herein, such as process 1100 of Fig. 11. In some aspects, the apparatus 1300 and / or one or more components shown in Fig. 13 may include one or more components of the first device described in connection with Fig. 2. Additionally, or alternatively, one or more components shown in Fig. 13 may be implemented within one or more components described in connection with Fig. 2. Additionally, or alternatively, one or more components of the set of components may be implemented at least in part as software stored in a memory. For example, a component (or a portion of a component) may be implemented as instructions or code stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium and executable by a controller or a processor to perform the functions or operations of the component.
[0147] The reception component 1302 may receive communications, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or a combination thereof, from the apparatus 1306. The reception component 1302 may provide received communications to one or more other components of the apparatus 1300. In some aspects, the reception component 1302 may perform signal processing on the received communications (such as filtering, amplification, demodulation, analog-to-digital conversion, demultiplexing, deinterleaving, de-mapping, equalization, interference cancellation, or decoding, among other examples) , and may provide the processed signals to the one or more other components of the apparatus 1300. In some aspects, the reception component 1302 may include one or more antennas, a modem, a demodulator, a MIMO detector, a receive processor, a controller / processor, a memory, or a combination thereof, of the first device described in connection with Fig. 2.
[0148] The transmission component 1304 may transmit communications, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or a combination thereof, to the apparatus 1306. In some aspects, one or more other components of the apparatus 1300 may generate communications and may provide the generated communications to the transmission component 1304 for transmission to the apparatus 1306. In some aspects, the transmission component 1304 may perform signal processing on the generated communications (such as filtering, amplification, modulation, digital-to- analog conversion, multiplexing, interleaving, mapping, or encoding, among other examples) , and may transmit the processed signals to the apparatus 1306. In some aspects, the transmission component 1304 may include one or more antennas, a modem, a modulator, a transmit MIMO processor, a transmit processor, a controller / processor, a memory, or a combination thereof, of the first device described in connection with Fig. 2. In some aspects, the transmission component 1304 may be co-located with the reception component 1302 in a transceiver.
[0149] The reception component 1302 may receive, from a second device, a plurality of reference signals based at least in part on a plurality of beams. The transmission component 1304 may transmit, to the second device, an AoD associated with a reference signal of the plurality of reference signals. The reception component 1302 may receive, from the second device, a delta value that indicates a difference between the AoD and a beam pointing angle of a custom second device beam. The reception component 1302 may receive, from the second device, data using a custom first device beam that is derived based at least in part on the delta value.
[0150] The transmission component 1304 may transmit, to the second device, an indication of a confidence level associated with the AoD, wherein the custom second device beam is selected based at least in part on the confidence level. The reception component 1302 may receive, from the second device, an acknowledgement that the custom second device beam is sufficiently aligned with the AoD based at least in part on the delta value satisfying a threshold.
[0151] The number and arrangement of components shown in Fig. 13 are provided as an example. In practice, there may be additional components, fewer components, different components, or differently arranged components than those shown in Fig. 13. Furthermore, two or more components shown in Fig. 13 may be implemented within a single component, or a single component shown in Fig. 13 may be implemented as multiple, distributed components. Additionally, or alternatively, a set of (one or more) components shown in Fig. 13 may perform one or more functions described as being performed by another set of components shown in Fig. 13.
[0152] Fig. 14 is a diagram of an example apparatus 1400 for wireless communication, in accordance with the present disclosure. The apparatus 1400 may be a second device, or a second device may include the apparatus 1400. In some aspects, the apparatus 1400 includes a reception component 1402 and a transmission component 1404, which may be in communication with one another (for example, via one or more buses and / or one or more other components) . As shown, the apparatus 1400 may communicate with another apparatus 1406 (such as a UE, a base station, or another wireless communication device) using the reception component 1402 and the transmission component 1404.
[0153] In some aspects, the apparatus 1400 may be configured to perform one or more operations described herein in connection with Figs. 9-10. Additionally, or alternatively, the apparatus 1400 may be configured to perform one or more processes described herein, such as process 1200 of Fig. 12. In some aspects, the apparatus 1400 and / or one or more components shown in Fig. 14 may include one or more components of the second device described in connection with Fig. 2. Additionally, or alternatively, one or more components shown in Fig. 14 may be implemented within one or more components described in connection with Fig. 2. Additionally, or alternatively, one or more components of the set of components may be implemented at least in part as software stored in a memory. For example, a component (or a portion of a component) may be implemented as instructions or code stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium and executable by a controller or a processor to perform the functions or operations of the component.
[0154] The reception component 1402 may receive communications, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or a combination thereof, from the apparatus 1406. The reception component 1402 may provide received communications to one or more other components of the apparatus 1400. In some aspects, the reception component 1402 may perform signal processing on the received communications (such as filtering, amplification, demodulation, analog-to-digital conversion, demultiplexing, deinterleaving, de-mapping, equalization, interference cancellation, or decoding, among other examples) , and may provide the processed signals to the one or more other components of the apparatus 1400. In some aspects, the reception component 1402 may include one or more antennas, a modem, a demodulator, a MIMO detector, a receive processor, a controller / processor, a memory, or a combination thereof, of the second device described in connection with Fig. 2.
[0155] The transmission component 1404 may transmit communications, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or a combination thereof, to the apparatus 1406. In some aspects, one or more other components of the apparatus 1400 may generate communications and may provide the generated communications to the transmission component 1404 for transmission to the apparatus 1406. In some aspects, the transmission component 1404 may perform signal processing on the generated communications (such as filtering, amplification, modulation, digital-to-analog conversion, multiplexing, interleaving, mapping, or encoding, among other examples) , and may transmit the processed signals to the apparatus 1406. In some aspects, the transmission component 1404 may include one or more antennas, a modem, a modulator, a transmit MIMO processor, a transmit processor, a controller / processor, a memory, or a combination thereof, of the second device described in connection with Fig. 2. In some aspects, the transmission component 1404 may be co-located with the reception component 1402 in a transceiver.
[0156] The transmission component 1404 may transmit, to a first device, a plurality of reference signals based at least in part on a plurality of beams. The reception component 1402 may receive, from the first device, an AoD associated with a reference signal of the plurality of reference signals. The transmission component 1404 may transmit, to the first device, a delta value that indicates a difference between the AoD and a beam pointing angle of a custom second device beam. The transmission component 1404 may transmit, to the first device, data using the custom second device beam.
[0157] The reception component 1402 may receive, from the first device, an indication of a confidence level associated with the AoD, wherein the custom second device beam is selected based at least in part on the confidence level. The transmission component 1404 may transmit, to the first device, an acknowledgement that the custom second device beam is sufficiently aligned with the AoD based at least in part on the delta value satisfying a threshold.
[0158] The number and arrangement of components shown in Fig. 14 are provided as an example. In practice, there may be additional components, fewer components, different components, or differently arranged components than those shown in Fig. 14. Furthermore, two or more components shown in Fig. 14 may be implemented within a single component, or a single component shown in Fig. 14 may be implemented as multiple, distributed components. Additionally, or alternatively, a set of (one or more) components shown in Fig. 14 may perform one or more functions described as being performed by another set of components shown in Fig. 14.
[0159] The following provides an overview of some Aspects of the present disclosure:
[0160] Aspect 1: A method of wireless communication performed by an apparatus of a first device, comprising: receiving, from a second device, a plurality of reference signals based at least in part on a plurality of beams; transmitting, to the second device, an angle of departure (AoD) associated with a reference signal of the plurality of reference signals; receiving, from the second device, a delta value that indicates a difference between the AoD and a beam pointing angle of a custom second device beam; and receiving, from the second device, data using a custom first device beam that is derived based at least in part on the delta value.
[0161] Aspect 2: The method of Aspect 1, wherein the delta value indicates a difference in an azimuth angle between the AoD and the beam pointing angle of the custom second device beam.
[0162] Aspect 3: The method of any of Aspects 1 through 2, wherein the delta value indicates a difference in an elevation angle between the AoD and the beam pointing angle of the custom second device beam.
[0163] Aspect 4: The method of any of Aspects 1 through 3, wherein the delta value is received from the second device via downlink control information.
[0164] Aspect 5: The method of any of Aspects 1 through 4, wherein the delta value is received from the second device via a medium access control control element (MAC-CE) .
[0165] Aspect 6: The method of any of Aspects 1 through 5, further comprising: transmitting, to the second device, an indication of a confidence level associated with the AoD, wherein the custom second device beam is selected based at least in part on the confidence level.
[0166] Aspect 7: The method of any of Aspects 1 through 6, further comprising: receiving, from the second device, an acknowledgement that the custom second device beam is sufficiently aligned with the AoD based at least in part on the delta value satisfying a threshold.
[0167] Aspect 8: The method of any of Aspects 1 through 7, wherein the custom second device beam and the custom first device beam are custom non-codebook-based analog beams.
[0168] Aspect 9: The method of any of Aspects 1 through 8, wherein: the first device is a user equipment (UE) and the second device is a network node, and the plurality of reference signals comprise downlink reference signals; or the first device is the network node and the second device is the UE, and the plurality of reference signals comprise uplink reference signals.
[0169] Aspect 10: A method of wireless communication performed by an apparatus of a second device, comprising: transmitting, to a first device, a plurality of reference signals based at least in part on a plurality of beams; receiving, from the first device, an angle of departure (AoD) associated with a reference signal of the plurality of reference signals; transmitting, to the first device, a delta value that indicates a difference between the AoD and a beam pointing angle of a custom second device beam; and transmitting, to the first device, data using the custom second device beam.
[0170] Aspect 11: The method of Aspect 10, wherein the delta value indicates one or more of: a difference in an azimuth angle between the AoD and the beam pointing angle of the custom second device beam; or a difference in an elevation angle between the AoD and the beam pointing angle of the custom second device beam.
[0171] Aspect 12: The method of any of Aspects 10 through 11, wherein the delta value is transmitted to the first device via downlink control information or via a medium access control control element (MAC-CE) .
[0172] Aspect 13: The method of any of Aspects 10 through 12, further comprising: receiving, from the first device, an indication of a confidence level associated with the AoD, wherein the custom second device beam is selected based at least in part on the confidence level.
[0173] Aspect 14: The method of any of Aspects 10 through 13, further comprising: transmitting, to the first device, an acknowledgement that the custom second device beam is sufficiently aligned with the AoD based at least in part on the delta value satisfying a threshold.
[0174] Aspect 15: The method of any of Aspects 10 through 14, wherein: the first device is a user equipment (UE) and the second device is a network node, and the plurality of reference signals comprise downlink reference signals; or the first device is the network node and the second device is the UE, and the plurality of reference signals comprise uplink reference signals.
[0175] Aspect 16: An apparatus for wireless communication at a device, comprising a processor; memory coupled with the processor; and instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to perform the method of one or more of Aspects 1-9.
[0176] Aspect 17: A device for wireless communication, comprising a memory and one or more processors coupled to the memory, the one or more processors configured to perform the method of one or more of Aspects 1-9.
[0177] Aspect 18: An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising at least one means for performing the method of one or more of Aspects 1-9.
[0178] Aspect 19: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication, the code comprising instructions executable by a processor to perform the method of one or more of Aspects 1-9.
[0179] Aspect 20: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions for wireless communication, the set of instructions comprising one or more instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of a device, cause the device to perform the method of one or more of Aspects 1-9.
[0180] Aspect 21: An apparatus for wireless communication at a device, comprising a processor; memory coupled with the processor; and instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to perform the method of one or more of Aspects 10-15.
[0181] Aspect 22: A device for wireless communication, comprising a memory and one or more processors coupled to the memory, the one or more processors configured to perform the method of one or more of Aspects 10-15.
[0182] Aspect 23: An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising at least one means for performing the method of one or more of Aspects 10-15.
[0183] Aspect 24: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication, the code comprising instructions executable by a processor to perform the method of one or more of Aspects 10-15.
[0184] Aspect 25: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions for wireless communication, the set of instructions comprising one or more instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of a device, cause the device to perform the method of one or more of Aspects 10-15.
[0185] The foregoing disclosure provides illustration and description but is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the aspects to the precise forms disclosed. Modifications and variations may be made in light of the above disclosure or may be acquired from practice of the aspects.
[0186] As used herein, the term “component” is intended to be broadly construed as hardware and / or a combination of hardware and software. “Software” shall be construed broadly to mean instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subprograms, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executables, threads of execution, procedures, and / or functions, among other examples, whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or otherwise. As used herein, a “processor” is implemented in hardware and / or a combination of hardware and software. It will be apparent that systems and / or methods described herein may be implemented in different forms of hardware and / or a combination of hardware and software. The actual specialized control hardware or software code used to implement these systems and / or methods is not limiting of the aspects. Thus, the operation and behavior of the systems and / or methods are described herein without reference to specific software code, since those skilled in the art will understand that software and hardware can be designed to implement the systems and / or methods based, at least in part, on the description herein.
[0187] As used herein, “satisfying a threshold” may, depending on the context, refer to a value being greater than the threshold, greater than or equal to the threshold, less than the threshold, less than or equal to the threshold, equal to the threshold, not equal to the threshold, or the like.
[0188] Even though particular combinations of features are recited in the claims and / or disclosed in the specification, these combinations are not intended to limit the disclosure of various aspects. Many of these features may be combined in ways not specifically recited in the claims and / or disclosed in the specification. The disclosure of various aspects includes each dependent claim in combination with every other claim in the claim set. As used herein, a phrase referring to “at least one of” a list of items refers to any combination of those items, including single members. As an example, “at least one of: a, b, or c” is intended to cover a, b, c, a + b, a + c, b + c, and a + b + c, as well as any combination with multiples of the same element (e.g., a + a, a + a + a, a + a + b, a +a + c, a + b + b, a + c + c, b + b, b + b + b, b + b + c, c + c, and c + c + c, or any other ordering of a, b, and c) .
[0189] No element, act, or instruction used herein should be construed as critical or essential unless explicitly described as such. Also, as used herein, the articles “a” and “an” are intended to include one or more items and may be used interchangeably with “one or more. ” Further, as used herein, the article “the” is intended to include one or more items referenced in connection with the article “the” and may be used interchangeably with “the one or more. ” Furthermore, as used herein, the terms “set” and “group” are intended to include one or more items and may be used interchangeably with “one or more. ” Where only one item is intended, the phrase “only one” or similar language is used. Also, as used herein, the terms “has, ” “have, ” “having, ” or the like are intended to be open-ended terms that do not limit an element that they modify (e.g., an element “having” A may also have B) . Further, the phrase “based on” is intended to mean “based, at least in part, on” unless explicitly stated otherwise. Also, as used herein, the term “or” is intended to be inclusive when used in a series and may be used interchangeably with “and / or, ” unless explicitly stated otherwise (e.g., if used in combination with “either” or “only one of” ) .
Claims
1.A first device for wireless communication, comprising:memory; andone or more processors coupled to the memory, the memory comprising instructions executable by the one or more processors to cause the first device to:receive, from a second device, a plurality of reference signals based at least in part on a plurality of beams;transmit, to the second device, an angle of departure (AoD) associated with a reference signal of the plurality of reference signals;receive, from the second device, a delta value that indicates a difference between the AoD and a beam pointing angle of a custom second device beam; andreceive, from the second device, data using a custom first device beam that is derived based at least in part on the delta value.2.The first device of claim 1, wherein the delta value indicates a difference in an azimuth angle between the AoD and the beam pointing angle of the custom second device beam.3.The first device of claim 1, wherein the delta value indicates a difference in an elevation angle between the AoD and the beam pointing angle of the custom second device beam.4.The first device of claim 1, wherein the instructions are further executable by the one or more processors to cause the first device to:receive the delta value from the second device via downlink control information.5.The first device of claim 1, wherein the instructions are further executable by the one or more processors to cause the first device to:receive the delta value from the second device via a medium access control control element (MAC-CE) .6.The first device of claim 1, wherein the instructions are further executable by the one or more processors to cause the first device to:transmit, to the second device, an indication of a confidence level associated with the AoD, wherein the custom second device beam is selected based at least in part on the confidence level.7.The first device of claim 1, wherein the instructions are further executable by the one or more processors to cause the first device to:receive, from the second device, an acknowledgement that the custom second device beam is sufficiently aligned with the AoD based at least in part on the delta value satisfying a threshold.8.The first device of claim 1, wherein the custom second device beam and the custom first device beam are custom non-codebook-based analog beams.9.The first device of claim 1, wherein:the first device is a user equipment (UE) and the second device is a network node, and the plurality of reference signals comprise downlink reference signals; orthe first device is the network node and the second device is the UE, and the plurality of reference signals comprise uplink reference signals.10.A second device for wireless communication, comprisingmemory; andone or more processors coupled to the memory, the memory comprising instructions executable by the one or more processors to cause the second device to:transmit, to a first device, a plurality of reference signals based at least in part on a plurality of beams;receive, from the first device, an angle of departure (AoD) associated with a reference signal of the plurality of reference signals;transmit, to the first device, a delta value that indicates a difference between the AoD and a beam pointing angle of a custom second device beam; andtransmit, to the first device, data using the custom second device beam.11.The second device of claim 10, wherein the delta value indicates one or more of:a difference in an azimuth angle between the AoD and the beam pointing angle of the custom second device beam; ora difference in an elevation angle between the AoD and the beam pointing angle of the custom second device beam.12.The second device of claim 10, wherein the instructions are further executable by the one or more processors to cause the second device to:transmit the delta value to the first device via downlink control information or via a medium access control control element (MAC-CE) .13.The second device of claim 10, wherein the instructions are further executable by the one or more processors to cause the second device to:receive, from the first device, an indication of a confidence level associated with the AoD, wherein the custom second device beam is selected based at least in part on the confidence level.14.The second device of claim 10, wherein the instructions are further executable by the one or more processors to cause the second device to:transmit, to the first device, an acknowledgement that the custom second device beam is sufficiently aligned with the AoD based at least in part on the delta value satisfying a threshold.15.The second device of claim 10, wherein:the first device is a user equipment (UE) and the second device is a network node, and the plurality of reference signals comprise downlink reference signals; orthe first device is the network node and the second device is the UE, and the plurality of reference signals comprise uplink reference signals.16.A method of wireless communication performed by an apparatus of a first device, comprising:receiving, from a second device, a plurality of reference signals based at least in part on a plurality of beams;transmitting, to the second device, an angle of departure (AoD) associated with a reference signal of the plurality of reference signals;receiving, from the second device, a delta value that indicates a difference between the AoD and a beam pointing angle of a custom second device beam; andreceiving, from the second device, data using a custom first device beam that is derived based at least in part on the delta value.17.The method of claim 16, wherein the delta value indicates a difference in an azimuth angle between the AoD and the beam pointing angle of the custom second device beam.18.The method of claim 16, wherein the delta value indicates a difference in an elevation angle between the AoD and the beam pointing angle of the custom second device beam.19.The method of claim 16, wherein the delta value is received from the second device via downlink control information.20.The method of claim 16, wherein the delta value is received from the second device via a medium access control control element (MAC-CE) .21.The method of claim 16, further comprising:transmitting, to the second device, an indication of a confidence level associated with the AoD, wherein the custom second device beam is selected based at least in part on the confidence level.22.The method of claim 16, further comprising:receiving, from the second device, an acknowledgement that the custom second device beam is sufficiently aligned with the AoD based at least in part on the delta value satisfying a threshold.23.The method of claim 16, wherein the custom second device beam and the custom first device beam are custom non-codebook-based analog beams.24.The method of claim 16, wherein:the first device is a user equipment (UE) and the second device is a network node, and the plurality of reference signals comprise downlink reference signals; orthe first device is the network node and the second device is the UE, and the plurality of reference signals comprise uplink reference signals.25.A method of wireless communication performed by an apparatus of a second device, comprising:transmitting, to a first device, a plurality of reference signals based at least in part on a plurality of beams;receiving, from the first device, an angle of departure (AoD) associated with a reference signal of the plurality of reference signals;transmitting, to the first device, a delta value that indicates a difference between the AoD and a beam pointing angle of a custom second device beam; andtransmitting, to the first device, data using the custom second device beam.26.The method of claim 25, wherein the delta value indicates one or more of:a difference in an azimuth angle between the AoD and the beam pointing angle of the custom second device beam; ora difference in an elevation angle between the AoD and the beam pointing angle of the custom second device beam.27.The method of claim 25, wherein the delta value is transmitted to the first device via downlink control information or via a medium access control control element (MAC-CE) .28.The method of claim 25, further comprising:receiving, from the first device, an indication of a confidence level associated with the AoD, wherein the custom second device beam is selected based at least in part on the confidence level.29.The method of claim 25, further comprising:transmitting, to the first device, an acknowledgement that the custom second device beam is sufficiently aligned with the AoD based at least in part on the delta value satisfying a threshold.30.The method of claim 25, wherein:the first device is a user equipment (UE) and the second device is a network node, and the plurality of reference signals comprise downlink reference signals; orthe first device is the network node and the second device is the UE, and the plurality of reference signals comprise uplink reference signals.