System, method, and high-voltage test signal device for multifunctional testing of a high-voltage device

Abstract

The invention relates to a test system (10) for multifunctional testing of a high-voltage device (30), said test system comprising a high-voltage test signal device (200), a measuring device (160), and a control device (180). The high-voltage test signal device (200) can, under the control of the control device (180), be operated in a loss factor mode for loss factor testing of the high-voltage device and in an insulation resistance mode for insulation resistance testing of the high-voltage device, meaning that both types of testing can be performed using the same test system.

Description

[0001] System and method as well as high-voltage test signal device for a multifunctional test of a high-voltage device

[0002] FIELD OF THE INVENTION

[0003] The invention is in the field of high-voltage measurement technology and relates in particular to a test system for a multifunctional test of a high-voltage device, a high-voltage test signal device therefor and a method therefor.

[0004] BACKGROUND

[0005] In electrical power grids, high-voltage equipment such as power transformers or switchgear—especially gas-insulated switchgear—is typically used to convert and distribute electrical energy. Other high-voltage equipment such as high-voltage converters or high-current converters—for example, circuit breakers and power generators—are also commonly used for measuring voltages and currents occurring in a power grid. Such high-voltage equipment or other high-voltage equipment such as electric (power) motors are also used in industrial environments. In the context of the present invention, "high voltage" refers to voltages on the order of at least 1 kV, so that "high-voltage equipment" is understood to mean a device operated at such a high voltage.

[0006] For the commissioning or maintenance of systems with such high-voltage equipment, it may be necessary to check their functions and properties. For example, an insulating material of a high-voltage device – such as a high-voltage current transformer, a high-voltage voltage transformer, or a circuit breaker – can be checked by measuring the DC resistance. A dissipation factor of a high-voltage device – such as a power transformer or a rotating machine, e.g., a generator or an electric motor – can also be measured, which can also provide information about the quality of existing insulating materials or insulating fluids. A partial discharge measurement can also be performed.Such measurements are particularly relevant because insulating materials – such as the oil in a transformer – can age and, consequently, regular inspection may be necessary to ensure the operational safety of the high-voltage equipment.

[0007] Such measurements are often conducted in the field—for example, outdoors or in an industrial environment. The equipment used should be lightweight, especially for field use, and robust for transport to the respective site.

[0008] SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0009] There is therefore a need to improve the testing of functions and properties of high-voltage equipment and, in particular, to simplify handling of a test system and a high-voltage test signal device therefor, to facilitate their transport and to make a method therefor more efficient and / or safer.

[0010] This object is achieved according to the invention by a test system having the features of claim 1, a high-voltage test signal device having the features of claim 10, and a test method having the features of claim 11. The dependent claims define preferred and / or advantageous embodiments of the invention.

[0011] The present invention makes it possible to combine both a loss factor test or tan / delta test and an insulation resistance test as high-voltage measurements in a single test system, so that both tests can be performed without rewiring. A first aspect of the invention relates in particular to a test system for a multifunctional test of a high-voltage device. Such a high-voltage device to be tested has a primary side with one or more primary terminals and a secondary side, electrically isolated from the primary side, with one or more secondary terminals. The test system has a high-voltage test signal device, a measuring device, and a control device.

[0012] The high-voltage test signal device comprises a high-voltage-capable signal source configured to generate an alternating voltage and a direct voltage with a correspondingly high voltage value. Within the context of the present invention, "high voltage" refers to voltages in the order of magnitude of at least 1 kV. Furthermore, the high-voltage test signal device comprises at least one high-voltage terminal for connecting the high-voltage device, a current sensor device for detecting an electrical current flowing through the at least one high-voltage terminal, and a high-voltage sensor device for detecting an electrical voltage present at the high-voltage terminal.

[0013] The high-voltage test signal device can be operated at least in a dissipation factor mode for a dissipation factor test of the high-voltage device and in an insulation resistance mode for an insulation resistance test of the high-voltage device. In dissipation factor mode, the high-voltage test signal device applies the alternating voltage to the at least one high-voltage terminal, while in insulation resistance mode, the high-voltage test signal device applies the direct voltage to the at least one high-voltage terminal. The control device is configured to operate the high-voltage test signal device in dissipation factor mode for the dissipation factor test and to determine a dissipation factor of the high-voltage device to be tested by means of the measuring device based on the current detected by the current sensor device.In addition, the control device is configured to operate the high-voltage test signal device in insulation resistance mode for the insulation resistance test and to determine a DC insulation resistance of the high-voltage device to be tested by means of the measuring device based on the current detected by the current sensor device and based on the voltage detected by the high-voltage sensor device.

[0014] With the help of the invention, both a loss factor test or tan / delta test and an insulation resistance test in the form of corresponding high-voltage measurements can be performed in one and the same test system without rewiring, i.e., using the same connecting cables and at the same terminals. This increases the flexibility of the test system and reduces the cabling effort required to perform these different tests or measurements. The two tests can thus be performed more efficiently and / or reliably. Combining both tests in one test system also enables easier transport to a field application.

[0015] The test system is preferably designed as a portable test system or test device. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the test system comprises a portable main device and a portable auxiliary device that can be electrically coupled thereto. The portable main device comprises the measuring device, the control device, and a power amplifier device, while the portable auxiliary device comprises the high-voltage test signal device.

[0016] For the purposes of the invention, a "high-voltage device" is to be understood as at least one device - for example as part of a high-voltage system for supplying energy or as part of an electrically operated production plant - which is operated with a high electrical voltage or a high electrical current, controls, converts or measures such a voltage or current or can be exposed to a high electrical voltage for another reason and should be equipped for safe operation - for example by means of sufficient electrical insulation.In particular, such a high-voltage device can be a power transformer, a switchgear, a circuit breaker or circuit breaker, a rotating machine operated with or generating high voltage, such as a power electric motor or a power generator, a tap changer for a transformer or an instrument transformer, such as a high-voltage voltage instrument transformer (in short voltage transformer) or a high-current transformer.

[0017] As already mentioned, for the purposes of the invention, a "high voltage" or "high voltage" is understood to mean an electrical voltage of the order of magnitude of at least 1 kV. For an alternating voltage, this value can refer to the amplitude or the effective value of the alternating voltage; for a direct voltage, it can refer to the direct voltage component, and otherwise to the largest peak values ​​or effective values.

[0018] An embodiment of the invention with a rectifier device by means of which the alternating voltage is rectified and provided as the direct voltage can have the particular advantage that for both tests the high-voltage signal source can use a high-voltage transformer to generate high voltages for both the alternating voltage and the direct voltage, which in particular simplifies the structure of the test system and / or reduces its weight.

[0019] A second aspect of the invention relates to a high-voltage test signal device for a multifunctional test of a high-voltage device, wherein the high-voltage test signal device is designed as described above and is particularly suitable for use in a test system according to the invention of the type described above.

[0020] A third aspect of the invention relates to a method for a multifunctional test of a high-voltage device, the method comprising the following steps automatically performed by a test system:

[0021] - generating an alternating voltage by the test system and applying the alternating voltage to the high-voltage device,

[0022] - detecting an alternating electrical current flowing through the high-voltage device as a result of the alternating voltage,

[0023] - Determining a loss factor based on the measured alternating current, - Generating a direct voltage through the test system and applying the direct voltage to the high-voltage device,

[0024] - detecting a direct electrical current flowing through the high-voltage device as a result of the direct voltage, and

[0025] - Determining a DC insulation resistance of the high-voltage device based on the measured DC current and DC voltage.

[0026] To carry out the method, a test system according to one of the embodiments of the invention can preferably be used.

[0027] The possible advantages, embodiments, refinements, or variants of the respective preceding aspects of the invention already mentioned above also apply accordingly to the high-voltage test signal device according to the invention and to the method according to the invention. Further advantages, features, and possible applications will become apparent from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments and / or from the figure.

[0028] SHORT DESCRIPTION OF THE CHARACTERS

[0029] The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to a figure and advantageous embodiments.

[0030] Fig. 1 shows, partly schematically, a test system with a high-voltage test signal device according to one embodiment.

[0031] Elements and / or components shown in Fig. 1 are not necessarily shown to scale. Rather, the elements and / or components shown are reproduced in such a way that their function and / or purpose is understandable to a person skilled in the art. The connections and couplings shown between functional units and elements can also be implemented as indirect connections or couplings. In particular, data connections can be wired or wireless, i.e., in particular, as radio connections. Certain connections, such as electrical connections, for example, for power supply, may also be omitted for the sake of clarity.

[0032] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

[0033] Fig. 1 shows a test system 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention for a multifunctional test of a high-voltage device.

[0034] Fig. 1 also shows the high-voltage device 30 to be tested. For testing, the high-voltage device 30 is connected to the test system 10—in particular via cabling (represented by dashed lines). The high-voltage device 30 has a primary side with a first primary terminal 31 and a second primary terminal 33, as well as a secondary side electrically insulated therefrom with a first secondary terminal 32 and a second secondary terminal 34. In alternative variants, the high-voltage device 30 has only one primary terminal or only one secondary terminal, or even additional terminals. In the following, an extended transformation ratio test as a test of a voltage transformer as the high-voltage device 30 is first described for some variants of an exemplary embodiment.Such a voltage transformer is particularly designed to convert a high voltage on the primary side into a lower voltage on the secondary side and provide it as a measurement signal. Such an extended transformation ratio test can, in particular, be a so-called "power quality measurement," whereby a load-dependent and / or frequency-dependent transmission behavior of the voltage transformer is determined.

[0035] The test system is preferably designed in the form of a portable test device. In one embodiment, the test system 10 has a portable main unit 100 with a housing 140 and a portable additional unit with a separate housing 240. The portable additional unit is designed as a high-voltage test signal device 200 or has alternative variants thereof. The main unit 100 has a measuring device 160, a control device 180, and a power amplifier device 102, each of which is arranged within the housing 140. Furthermore, the main unit 100 has a connection arrangement 120 arranged on the housing. The additional unit 200 orThe high-voltage test signal device 200 comprises a high-voltage-capable signal source 270, a rectifier device 250, a high-voltage sensor device 260, a current sensor device 292, a further voltage sensor device 296, switching means 280 automatically controllable by the control device 180, and first to fourth nodes 271-274, each arranged within the housing 240. Furthermore, the additional device 200 or the high-voltage test signal device 200 comprises a connection arrangement 220, a first high-voltage connection 231, a second high-voltage connection 232, and a first measuring connection 236 and a second measuring connection 237, each arranged on the housing 240.The main device 100 and the additional device 200 can be connected to one another via their connection arrangements 120, 220 by means of a cable 20 or in another way, wherein the cable 20 is a component of the test system 10 in some variants and is not a component thereof in other variants.

[0036] In addition, in some variants, the portable main unit 100 is configured to generate a control signal for testing the high-voltage device under the control of the control device 180 and a corresponding power signal by means of the power amplifier device 102, as well as to transmit the control signal and the power signal via the connection arrangements 120, 220 and to receive a measurement signal representing or characterizing the detected currents and voltages from the high-voltage test signal device 200 therethrough.

[0037] In further alternative variants, the high-voltage test signal device 200 has the measuring device 160, the control device 180 and, if appropriate, the power amplifier device 102, while the connection arrangement 220 is not present, so that the high-voltage test signal device 200 can carry out the multifunctional test of the high-voltage device independently - that is to say in particular without the main device 100 - and is thus designed as a "stand-alone device".

[0038] The power amplifier device 102 is configured to generate power signals for the test under the control of the control device 180. The high-voltage signal source 270 comprises a high-voltage transformer and is configured to generate an alternating voltage from these power signals by means of the high-voltage transformer, which can have a higher effective voltage value than the power signal. The high-voltage signal source 270 is configured to generate the alternating voltage between the first node 271 and the second node 272. In alternative variants, the high-voltage signal source 270 is configured to generate such alternating voltages without a transformer or at least without the high-voltage transformer; in some variants, the power amplifier device 102 can be omitted.

[0039] The rectifier device 250 has a first input terminal 251 and a second input terminal 252. The high-voltage signal source 270 is also configured to rectify a voltage applied to the input terminals 251, 252—in particular, an alternating voltage—by means of the rectifier device 250 and to provide it as a direct voltage between the third node 273 and the fourth node 274. In some alternative variants, the high-voltage signal source 270 is also configured to provide or generate the direct voltage in a different manner—for example, by means of a high-voltage direct voltage source independent of the alternating voltage or the high-voltage transformer.

[0040] The high-voltage sensor device 260 has a current sensor 262 and a series-connected high-voltage capacitor 264 with a specific capacitance for detecting an alternating voltage present between the first and second high-voltage terminals 231, 232. The measuring device 160 or the high-voltage sensor device 260 is configured to determine and detect the applied alternating voltage based on the determined capacitance and a specific frequency of the alternating voltage or a specific frequency spectrum or specific frequency components of the alternating voltage, as well as based on an (alternating) current detected by the current sensor 262. Furthermore, the high-voltage sensor device 260 has a further current sensor 266 and a series-connected high-voltage resistor 268 with a specific resistance value for detecting a (direct) voltage present between the third and fourth nodes 273, 274.The measuring device 160 or the high-voltage sensor device 260 is configured to detect the applied (DC) voltage based on the determined resistance value and a (DC) current detected by the further current sensor 266. In this advantageous manner, the high voltages to be detected can be reduced to lower voltages and corresponding currents, which in particular can simplify and / or make their detection more reliable. In alternative variants, the applied AC voltage can also be detected by means of the further current sensor 266 and the high-voltage resistor 268. In yet further variants, the high-voltage sensor device 260 is configured to detect the applied AC voltage and / or the applied DC voltage in a different way - for example, by means of an opto-electrical effect.The current sensor device 292 is electrically connected to the second high-voltage terminal 232 and configured to detect an electrical current flowing therethrough. The further voltage sensor device 296 is electrically connected to the first measuring terminal 236 and the second measuring terminal 237 and configured to detect a voltage present therebetween.

[0041] The high-voltage test signal device 200 can be operated at least in a loss factor mode for a loss factor test of the high-voltage device 30, in an insulation resistance mode for an insulation resistance test of the high-voltage device 30, and in an extended transformation ratio mode for an extended transformation ratio test of the high-voltage device 30—that is, in particular for a "power quality measurement"—thus enabling, in particular, a multifunctional test of the high-voltage device. In some advantageous variants, the high-voltage test signal device 200 can also be operated in a magnetizing current mode to determine a magnetizing current of the high-voltage device.

[0042] For the extended transformation ratio test, the first primary connection 31 is to be connected to the first high-voltage connection 231 and the second primary connection 33 to the second high-voltage connection 232, as well as the first secondary connection 32 to the first measuring connection 236 and the second secondary connection 34 to the second measuring connection 237. The control device 180 is configured to operate the high-voltage test signal device 200 in the extended transformation ratio mode for the extended transformation ratio test and to generate a power signal by means of the power amplifier device 102 that causes the high-voltage-capable signal source 270, which is fed with the power signal, to generate an alternating voltage by means of the high-voltage transformer, which alternating voltage has at least two frequency components with different effective values. The control device 180 can also be configured to generate a so-called"Frequency sweep," i.e., performing a sequence of frequencies over a predetermined frequency range. In the extended transformation ratio mode, the high-voltage test signal device 200, as shown in Fig. 1, is configured, under the control of the control device 180, by means of the switching means 280 to electrically detachably connect the first node 271 to the first high-voltage terminal 231 and the second node 272 to the second high-voltage terminal 232, and—at least in some variants—to electrically disconnect the first and second input terminals 251, 252 from the first and second nodes 271, 272 and the third and fourth nodes 273, 274 from the first and second high-voltage terminals 231, 232.Furthermore, in the extended transmission ratio mode, the main device 100 and / or the control device 180 is configured to receive a measurement signal that characterizes the voltage detected by the high-voltage sensor device 260 and the voltage detected by the further voltage sensor device 296, and based thereon, to determine, by means of the measuring device 160, a characteristic map of transmission ratios between the primary-side and the secondary-side voltage as a function of the frequency components and their effective values.

[0043] While in the extended transmission ratio mode, in particular a transmission behavior and thus a transmission ratio is determined under simultaneous load with different frequencies and possibly different amplitudes, the high-voltage test signal device 200 can also be operated in a (simple) transmission ratio mode in some variants, wherein for a (simple) transmission ratio test, the transmission behavior and thus the transmission ratio is determined for one frequency in each case - and in some variants thereof successively over several frequencies, ie in particular as a so-called "frequency sweep".

[0044] For both the loss factor test and the insulation resistance test, the primary terminals 31, 33 are to be connected to the first high-voltage terminal 231 and the secondary terminals 32, 34 are to be connected to the second high-voltage terminal 232 (not shown in Fig. 1 for the sake of clarity).

[0045] The control device 180 is configured to operate the high-voltage test signal device 200 in the loss factor mode for the loss factor test, so that the electrical connections established / disconnected by means of the switching means 280 correspond to those relating to the extended transformation ratio mode, and to generate such a power signal by means of the power amplifier device 102, which causes the high-voltage signal source 270, fed with this power signal, to generate the desired AC voltage by means of the high-voltage transformer.Furthermore, in the loss factor mode, the main device 100 and / or the control device 180 is configured to receive a measurement signal that characterizes the alternating current detected by the current sensor device 292 and possibly an alternating voltage detected by the high-voltage sensor device 260 or a phase position of the detected alternating current with respect to the applied or detected alternating voltage, and to determine a loss factor of the high-voltage device 30 based thereon by means of the measuring device 160.

[0046] The control device 180 is configured to operate the high-voltage test signal device 200 in the insulation resistance mode for the insulation resistance test, in which mode it is configured, controlled by the control device 180, by means of the switching means 280 to electrically separate the first and second nodes 271, 272 from the first and second high-voltage terminals 231, 232, respectively, and to electrically detachably connect the first input terminal 251 to the first node 271 and the second input terminal 252 to the second node 272, and to electrically detachably connect the third node 273 to the first high-voltage terminal 231 and the fourth node 274 to the second high-voltage terminal 232.In addition, the main device 100 and / or the control device 180 is configured in the insulation resistance mode to generate such a power signal by means of the power amplifier device 102, which causes the high-voltage signal source 270 fed with the power signal to first generate an alternating voltage by means of the high-voltage transformer, to rectify this voltage by means of the rectifier device 250 and thus to provide it as the direct voltage, for example corresponding to the effective value of the alternating voltage in the loss factor mode or in the extended transmission method mode.Furthermore, in the insulation resistance mode, the main device 100 and / or the control device 180 is configured to receive a measurement signal that characterizes the current detected by the current sensor device 292 and the voltage detected by the high-voltage sensor device 260, and based thereon to determine a DC insulation resistance of the high-voltage device 30 by means of the measuring device 160.

[0047] The high-voltage test signal device 200 can further be configured such that it can be operated in a magnetizing current mode for a magnetizing current test. In this mode, the high-voltage test signal device applies the alternating voltage to the two high-voltage terminals 231, 232 and thus to an inductance of the high-voltage device 30, which inductance has a magnetizable core. The control device 180 controls the high-voltage test signal device 200 to operate it in the magnetizing current mode and, by means of the measuring device 160, to determine a magnetizing current for the detected voltage based on the current detected by the current sensor device 292 and the voltage detected by the high-voltage sensor device 260.

[0048] In some advantageous variants for a multi-phase high-voltage device, the high-voltage test signal device 200 has additional channels with additional high-voltage connections and / or additional measuring connections for the multiple phases of the high-voltage device, so that a multi-phase test - for example of the insulation resistance and the dissipation factor - can be carried out without changing the wiring and thus more efficiently and / or safely.

[0049] While embodiments have been described in detail, particularly with reference to the figure, it should be noted that the exemplary embodiments are merely examples that are not intended to limit the scope of protection, application, or structure in any way. Rather, the preceding description provides the person skilled in the art with a guide for implementing at least one embodiment, whereby various modifications, in particular alternative or additional features and / or modifications of the function and / or arrangements of the described components, can be made as desired by the person skilled in the art without deviating from the subject matter defined in the appended claims and their legal equivalents and / or departing from their scope.

Claims

CLAIMS 1. Test system (10) for a multifunctional test of a high-voltage device (30) which has a primary side and a secondary side electrically insulated therefrom, wherein the test system (10) has a high-voltage test signal device (200), a measuring device (160) and a control device (180), wherein the high-voltage test signal device (200) has: a high-voltage-capable signal source (270) which is designed to generate an alternating voltage and a direct voltage, a high-voltage connection (231; 232) for connecting the high-voltage device (30), a current sensor device (292) which is designed to detect an electrical current flowing via the high-voltage connection (231; 232), and a high-voltage sensor device (260) which is designed to measure a voltage applied to the high-voltage connection (231;232), wherein the high-voltage test signal device (200) is operable in a loss factor mode for a loss factor test of the high-voltage device and in an insulation resistance mode for an insulation resistance test of the high-voltage device, wherein the high-voltage test signal device (200) is configured to apply the AC voltage to the high-voltage terminal in the loss factor mode and the DC voltage to the high-voltage terminal in the insulation resistance mode, and wherein the control device (180) is configured to: - for the loss factor test, to operate the high-voltage test signal device in loss factor mode and to determine a loss factor of the high-voltage device (30) by means of the measuring device (160) on the basis of the current detected by the current sensor device (292), and - for the insulation resistance test, to operate the high-voltage test signal device in insulation resistance mode and to use the measuring device (160) to measure the insulation resistance using the current sensor device and to determine a DC insulation resistance of the high-voltage device (30) based on the voltage detected by the high-voltage sensor device (260).

2. Test system (10) according to claim 1, wherein the high-voltage signal source (270) comprises a high-voltage transformer for generating the alternating voltage.

3. Test system (10) according to claim 2, wherein the high-voltage test signal device (200) has switching means (280) that can be automatically controlled by the control device, and a rectifier device (250) with a first (251) and a second (252) input terminal, wherein the high-voltage signal source (270) is configured to generate the AC voltage between a first and a second node (271, 272) and / or to rectify the AC voltage by means of the rectifier device (250) and to provide it as the DC voltage between a third (273) and a fourth node (274), and wherein the control device (180) is configured: - for the loss factor test, by means of the controllable switching means (280), to electrically detachably connect the first node (271) to a first high-voltage terminal (231) of the test system and the second node (272) to a second high-voltage terminal (232) of the test system (10) and to electrically separate the first and second input terminals of the rectifier device (250) from the first and second nodes (271, 272) and to electrically separate the third and fourth nodes (273, 274) from the first and second high-voltage terminals (231, 232), and - for the insulation resistance test, by means of the controllable switching means (280) to electrically separate the first and second nodes (271, 272) from the first and second high-voltage terminals (231, 232) respectively, and to connect the first input terminal of the rectifier device (250) to the first node (271) and the second input terminal of the to electrically detachably connect the rectifier device (250) to the second node (272) and to electrically detachably connect the third node (273) to the first high-voltage terminal (231) and the fourth node (274) to the second high-voltage terminal (232).

4. Test system (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the high-voltage sensor device (260) for detecting an alternating voltage applied to the high-voltage terminal (231, 232) comprises a current sensor (262) and a series-connected high-voltage capacitor (264) having a specific capacitance.

5. Test system (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the high voltage test signal device (200) comprises a Measuring connection (236, 237) and a further voltage sensor device (296) which is configured to detect an electrical voltage applied to the measuring connection (236, 237), wherein the high-voltage test signal device (200) is operable in a transformation ratio mode for a transformation ratio test of the high-voltage device (30), for which the primary side of the high-voltage device (30) is to be connected to the high-voltage connection (231, 232) and the secondary side of the high-voltage device (30) is to be connected to the measuring connection (236, 237), wherein the high-voltage test signal device (200) is configured to generate the alternating voltage by means of the high-voltage-capable signal source (270) in the transformation ratio mode and to apply it to the high-voltage connection (231, 232), and wherein the control device (180) is configured,for the transformation ratio test, to operate the high-voltage test signal device (200) in the transformation ratio mode and by means of the measuring device (160) on the basis of the voltage detected by the high-voltage sensor device (260) and on the basis of the voltage detected by the further voltage sensor device (296), which voltage is present on the secondary side of the high-voltage device (30) and thus on the secondary side of the high-voltage device (30) as a result of the alternating voltage applied to the primary side of the high-voltage device (30), Measuring connection to determine a transformation ratio of the high-voltage device (30).

6. Test system (10) according to claim 5, wherein the high-voltage device (30) is a voltage converter, wherein the high-voltage test signal device (200) is further operable in an extended transmission ratio mode, and wherein the control device (180) is configured to operate the high-voltage test signal device (200) in the extended transmission ratio mode for an extended transmission ratio test in order to cause the high-voltage test signal device (200) to generate an alternating voltage by means of the high-voltage signal source (270), which has at least two frequency components with different effective values,and to determine a characteristic map of transformation ratios of the high-voltage device (30) as a function of the frequency components and their effective values ​​by means of the measuring device (160) on the basis of the voltage detected by the high-voltage sensor device (260) and on the basis of the voltage detected by the further voltage sensor device (296).

7. Test system (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the high-voltage device (30) has an inductance with a magnetizable core, wherein the high-voltage test signal device (200) is further operable in a magnetizing current mode for a magnetizing current test, wherein the high-voltage test signal device (200) is configured to apply the alternating voltage to the high-voltage terminal (231, 232) and thus to the inductance of the high-voltage device (30) in the magnetizing current mode, and wherein the control device (180) is configured to operate the high-voltage test signal device (200) in the magnetizing current mode for the magnetizing current test and to determine a magnetizing current for the detected voltage by means of the measuring device (160) on the basis of the current detected by the current sensor device (292) and on the basis of the voltage detected by the high-voltage sensor device (260).

8. Test system (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the test system (10) with the high-voltage test signal device (200), the measuring device (160) and the control device (180) is designed in the form of a portable test device.

9. Test system (10) according to one of the preceding claims, comprising: a portable main unit (100) with a housing (140) and a connection arrangement (120) arranged thereon, and a portable additional unit with a separate housing (240) and a connection arrangement (220) arranged thereon, wherein the portable main unit (100) has the measuring device (160), the control device (180) and a power amplifier device (102) for generating a power signal, wherein the portable additional unit has the high-voltage test signal device (200) and the portable main unit (100) and the portable additional unit are connectable to one another via their connection arrangements (120, 220), and wherein the portable main unit (100) is configured,to generate, under the control of the control device (180), a control signal for testing the high-voltage device (30) and, by means of the power amplifier device, a corresponding power signal and to transmit it via the connection arrangements (120, 220) and to receive a measurement signal, which indicates the detected currents and voltages, from the high-voltage test signal device (200) via the connection arrangements (120, 220).

10. High-voltage test signal device (200) for a multifunctional test of a high-voltage device (30) which has a primary side and a secondary side electrically insulated therefrom, wherein the high-voltage test signal device (200) comprises: a high-voltage signal source (270) which is designed to generate an alternating voltage and a direct voltage, a high-voltage connection (231; 232) for connecting the high-voltage device (30), a current sensor device (292) which is configured to detect an electrical current flowing via the high-voltage terminal (231; 232), and a high-voltage sensor device (260) which is configured to detect an electrical voltage applied to the high-voltage terminal (231; 232), wherein the high-voltage test signal device (200) is operable in a loss factor mode for a loss factor test of the high-voltage device and in an insulation resistance mode for an insulation resistance test of the high-voltage device, and wherein the high-voltage test signal device (200) is configured to apply the AC voltage to the high-voltage terminal in the loss factor mode and the DC voltage to the high-voltage terminal in the insulation resistance mode.

11. A method for a multifunctional test of a high-voltage device (30) using a test system (10), wherein the high-voltage device (30) has a primary side and a secondary side electrically insulated therefrom, and the high-voltage device (30) is connected to the test system (10) to carry out the test, and wherein the method comprises the following steps automatically performed by the test system (10): - generating an alternating voltage by the test system (10) and applying the alternating voltage to the high-voltage device (30), - detecting an alternating electrical current flowing through the high-voltage device (30) as a result of the alternating voltage, - Determining a loss factor based on the measured alternating current, - generating a direct voltage by the test system (10) and applying the direct voltage to the high-voltage device (30), - detecting an electrical direct current flowing through the high-voltage device (30) as a result of the direct voltage, and - Determining a DC insulation resistance of the high-voltage device (30) based on the detected DC current and the DC voltage.

12. The method according to claim 11, wherein the method is carried out with the test system (10) according to one of claims 1-10.

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