Interrupter, power distribution device, and vehicle

Abstract

An interrupter, a power distribution device, and a vehicle are provided, and relate to the field of interrupter technologies. The interrupter includes: a base having an arc chute; a sealing cover, disposed at an opening of the arc chute, where a first channel that passes through the sealing cover exists in the sealing cover; a current-carrying copper busbar, where the current-carrying copper busbar is disposed in parallel with the sealing cover, the current-carrying copper busbar passes through the sealing cover in a direction perpendicular to the thickness direction of the sealing cover, the current-carrying copper busbar includes a thinned part, and a thickness of the thinned part is less than a thickness of another part of the current-carrying copper busbar; a piston, where the piston is at least partially accommodated in the first channel, a projection of the piston in a thickness direction of the sealing cover at least partially overlaps with the thinned part, a side wall of the arc chute surrounds the piston, an annular airway is formed between the side wall and the piston, and the annular airway surrounds a periphery of the piston along a circumference of the piston; and a first flame extinguishing structure, where the first flame extinguishing structure includes an internal channel, the internal channel is configured to communicate with the annular airway and external space of the first flame extinguishing structure, and the first flame extinguishing structure is located in the arc chute. The interrupter provided in this application can improve arc extinguishing efficiency.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] This application relates to the field of interrupter technologies, and in particular, to an interrupter, a power distribution device, and a vehicle.BACKGROUND

[0002] An interrupter is an electronic element configured to connect or disconnect currents in one or more circuits. When the circuit is overloaded or short-circuited or has another fault, the interrupter can automatically switch to a disconnected state to disconnect the current in the circuit, thereby playing a protection role. When the interrupter disconnects the current, an arc is generated accordingly, which prolongs disconnection time of the circuit, and is prone to endanger safe operation of a power system and cause casualties and great property losses due to its high temperature.

[0003] Therefore, when using the interrupter, arc extinguishing is required to be performed on the generated arc, to reduce hazards caused by the arc. However, the interrupter is still slow in arc extinguishing.SUMMARY

[0004] This application provides an interrupter, a power distribution device, and a vehicle, to improve arc extinguishing efficiency.

[0005] According to a first aspect, this application provides an interrupter, including: a base having an arc chute; a sealing cover, disposed at an opening of the arc chute, where a first channel that passes through the sealing cover exists in the sealing cover; a current-carrying copper busbar, where the current-carrying copper busbar is disposed in parallel with the sealing cover, the current-carrying copper busbar passes through the sealing cover in a direction perpendicular to the thickness direction of the sealing cover, the current-carrying copper busbar includes a thinned part, and a thickness of the thinned part is less than a thickness of another part of the current-carrying copper busbar; a piston, where the piston is at least partially accommodated in the first channel, a projection of the piston in a thickness direction of the sealing cover at least partially overlaps with the thinned part, a side wall of the arc chute surrounds the piston, an annular airway is formed between the side wall and the piston, and the annular airway surrounds a periphery of the piston along a circumference of the piston; and a first flame extinguishing structure, where the first flame extinguishing structure includes an internal channel, the internal channel is configured to communicate with the annular airway and external space of the first flame extinguishing structure, and the first flame extinguishing structure is located in the arc chute.

[0006] According to the interrupter provided in this application, the piston breaks the current-carrying copper busbar and then enters an arc chute. The current-carrying copper busbar is fractured, and an arc is generated. The piston may lead the arc into the arc chute, and the arc chute may independently extinguish the arc that enters the arc chute. After the piston enters the arc chute, there is an annular airway between an outer wall of the piston and the side wall of the arc chute, and the arc may enter the annular airway. A long annular airway can quickly increase arc pressure of the arc, to implement quick arc extinguishing. The first flame extinguishing structure can cushion the piston that enters the arc chute, to reduce damage caused by an impact force to another structure of the interrupter. In addition, the first flame extinguishing structure further has a capability of absorbing heat and adsorbing a charged particle, and can attract the arc and a high-temperature free gas to the annular airway of the arc chute, to increase a path of the arc. The arc can be quickly extinguished, and the high-temperature free gas can be cooled by the first flame extinguishing structure. Electrons and charged ions in the high-temperature free gas may also be adsorbed by the first flame extinguishing structure.

[0007] In a possible implementation, a side wall of the first flame extinguishing structure is fitted against the side wall of the arc chute, the piston includes one inclined end face in the thickness direction of the sealing cover, and the inclined end face is configured to be fitted against an end face that is of the first flame extinguishing structure and that faces the piston and is located between the side wall of the arc chute and the end face that is of the first flame extinguishing structure and that faces the piston. After the first flame extinguishing structure is impacted by the piston, the first flame extinguishing structure can expand and deform from the inside of the first flame extinguishing structure to an outer side. The end face that is of the first flame extinguishing structure and that faces the piston squeezes the inclined end face of the piston, to squeeze the piston between the side wall of the arc chute and a first end face, thereby preventing the piston from rebounding in a positive Z direction.

[0008] In a possible implementation, the base has a groove, a bottom wall of the groove is provided with a sleeve, the sleeve extends from the bottom wall of the groove to an opening direction of the groove, the sleeve encloses the arc chute, the annular airway is formed between an inner wall of the sleeve and the piston, an inner wall surface of the groove and an outer wall surface of the sleeve enclose a flame extinguishing cavity, and the flame extinguishing cavity is an annular cavity and surrounds a periphery of the arc chute. The sleeve and the groove may be of an integral structure, or may be of two independent structures. The flame extinguishing cavity is an annular cavity, the arc chute is disposed inside the flame extinguishing cavity, and the annular flame extinguishing cavity surrounds the periphery of the arc chute. The arc chute and the flame extinguishing cavity are designed to be of a nested structure, to improve space utilization efficiency and reduce a volume of the interrupter. A cavity volume of the flame extinguishing cavity is greater than a cavity volume of the arc chute, and the flame extinguishing cavity may provide a larger surface area or even provide more space for accommodating the flame extinguishing structure, so that the high-temperature free gas is quickly cooled in the flame extinguishing cavity. When the piston breaks the current-carrying copper busbar and enters the arc chute, the current-carrying copper busbar is fractured, and an arc is generated, accompanied by generation of the high-temperature free gas. When a gas in the arc chute enters the flame extinguishing cavity through a through hole, the sleeve is annular, and the flame extinguishing cavity is annular. Air may flow in the annular flame extinguishing cavity along the annular sleeve. Air flowing in different directions in the annular flame extinguishing cavity meets in the flame extinguishing cavity. Therefore, free electrons and ions in the air are neutralized, so that the air has no charge, thereby significantly reducing electric shock risks and other electric hazards.

[0009] In a possible implementation, the sleeve has a through hole that communicates with the arc chute and the flame extinguishing cavity, the through hole passes through a side wall of the sleeve, and the first flame extinguishing structure is located in the sleeve and covers the through hole. The first flame extinguishing structure may completely cover the through hole, or may partially cover the through hole. The internal channel of the first flame extinguishing structure may communicate with the through hole, so that the gas in the arc chute enters the flame extinguishing cavity. The through hole may communicate with an inner cavity of the sleeve and the outside of the sleeve. In other words, the through hole may communicate with the arc chute and the flame extinguishing cavity. After the sleeve is located in the groove, when the piston breaks the current-carrying copper busbar and enters the arc chute in the sleeve, the current-carrying copper busbar is fractured, and an arc is generated, accompanied by generation of the high-temperature free gas. A molecule in the air is ionized into free electrons and ions. The generated arc and the generated high-temperature free gas simultaneously enter the arc chute. The arc may be quickly extinguished by the arc chute, and the high-temperature free gas may enter the flame extinguishing cavity through the through hole. The flame extinguishing structure may be disposed in the flame extinguishing cavity. Therefore, air can be quickly cooled in the flame extinguishing cavity, and the free electrons and ions in the air may also be neutralized in the flame extinguishing cavity.

[0010] In a possible implementation, there are at least two through holes, the sleeve is annular, and the at least two through holes are spaced apart in a circumferential direction of the sleeve. The at least two through holes are spaced apart in the circumferential direction of the sleeve, so that air in the arc chute can quickly enter the flame extinguishing cavity from the arc chute. In addition, a plurality of cyclic convections can be formed in the flame extinguishing cavity, so that the flame extinguishing cavity quickly processes the high-temperature free gas, to avoid damaging the interrupter.

[0011] In a possible implementation, the interrupter includes a second flame extinguishing structure, the second flame extinguishing structure is located in the flame extinguishing cavity, the second flame extinguishing structure has an internal channel, and in a through direction of the through hole, a projection of at least one second flame extinguishing structure at least partially overlaps with a projection of the through hole. The second flame extinguishing structure has an internal channel, and the high-temperature free gas may pass through the second flame extinguishing structure through the flame extinguishing channel, and continue to flow in the annular flame extinguishing cavity after being cooled by the second flame extinguishing structure. When air flowing in different directions in the annular flame extinguishing cavity meets in the flame extinguishing cavity, free electrons and charged ions in the air are neutralized. In the through direction of the through hole, the projection of the at least one second flame extinguishing structure at least partially overlaps with the projection of the through hole, so that gas in the arc chute can get in contact with the second flame extinguishing structure more quickly after flowing out of the through hole, thereby improving a cooling and neutralization speed of the second flame extinguishing structure for the high-temperature free gas.

[0012] In a possible implementation, at least one second flame extinguishing structure is disposed on each of two opposite sides in a direction perpendicular to the through direction of the through hole. High-temperature free gases in the arc chute flow out of the through hole, and then flow away from each other in the direction perpendicular to the through direction of the through hole. The at least one second flame extinguishing structure is disposed on each of the two opposite sides in the direction perpendicular to the through direction of the through hole, so that it can be ensured that all high-temperature free gases flowing in different directions in the flame extinguishing cavity enter the second flame extinguishing structure and get in contact with the second flame extinguishing structure, to improve cooling efficiency and adsorption efficiency, and reduce costs. A position of the second flame extinguishing structure may be flexibly designed.

[0013] In a possible implementation, a distance between the side wall of the first flame extinguishing structure and a center line of the sleeve is less than a distance between a partial inner wall of the sleeve and the center line of the sleeve, and is greater than a distance between another partial inner wall of the sleeve and the center line of the sleeve, and in a radial direction of the sleeve, a projection of the partial inner wall of the sleeve covers the side wall of the first flame extinguishing structure. The inner wall of the sleeve is provided with a limiting groove whose groove opening faces the first flame extinguishing structure. When the first flame extinguishing structure is accommodated in the arc chute inside the sleeve, the side wall of the first flame extinguishing structure may be located in the limiting groove, so that the distance between the side wall of the first flame extinguishing structure and the center line of the sleeve is less than the distance between the partial inner wall of the sleeve and the center line of the sleeve, and is greater than the distance between the another partial inner wall of the sleeve and the center line of the sleeve. The limiting groove can limit a movement of the first flame extinguishing structure in the arc chute. Especially, after the piston impacts on the first flame extinguishing structure, the limiting groove can further prevent the first flame extinguishing structure from moving in the arc chute.

[0014] In a possible implementation, there are at least two protrusions at one end that is of the piston and that faces the first flame extinguishing structure, there is a groove between the at least two protrusions, and an outer circumferential surface of the protrusion is configured to be fitted against an inner wall surface of the sleeve. The protrusion is fitted against the inner wall surface of the sleeve, to avoid a case in which an inner wall surface of the first channel jams the piston in a process in which the piston moves in a Z direction, and avoid a case in which the piston is stuck or a moving speed decreases in a moving process and consequently, breaking the current-carrying copper busbar by the piston is affected. In addition, the protrusion is fitted against the inner wall surface of the sleeve, to play a guiding role, and ensure that the piston keeps a correct motion path in a moving process.

[0015] In a possible implementation, the sealing cover has a raised eave that protrudes toward the base, the raised eave encloses an accommodation groove, one end of the sleeve is accommodated in the accommodation groove, and an inner wall of the groove, the raised eave, and the sleeve are arranged in sequence in the radial direction of the sleeve. The accommodation groove may further limit and fasten the sleeve, to prevent a position of the sleeve from changing due to an impact force of the piston when the piston enters the sleeve, thereby ensuring that the position of the sleeve always keeps stable in an arc extinguishing process, and improving reliability and safety of the interrupter. When the sealing cover covers the base, the raised eave may be completely located in the groove, and an outer wall of the raised eave is hermetically connected to the inner wall of the groove, to avoid leakage of a high-temperature free gas in the base. The raised eave further ensures that the sealing cover does not deviate from a position when being mounted with the base. The sleeve and the raised eave are located in the groove. The outer wall of the sleeve and the inner wall of the groove are hermetically connected by using the raised eave. The outer wall of the sleeve and the inner wall of the groove are hermetically connected by using the raised eave, so that the flame extinguishing cavity is a sealed cavity, to avoid leakage of the high-temperature free gas in the base.

[0016] In a possible implementation, the sleeve and a groove bottom of the groove are of an integral structure. The sleeve and the groove bottom of the groove are of the integral structure, to improve stability between the groove and the sleeve, and avoid a position change of the sleeve and the arc chute relative to the groove, thereby improving stability of arc extinguishing performance and further improving performance stability of the interrupter.

[0017] In a possible implementation, the base has a third channel, and the third channel communicates with the flame extinguishing cavity and external space of the base. A gas in the base may be discharged out of the flame extinguishing cavity through the third channel, to improve an air discharge speed of the interrupter, and avoid a case in which atmospheric pressure in the base is excessively high and consequently, the arc and the high-temperature free gas cannot enter the arc chute.

[0018] In a possible implementation, there is at least one layer of filter in the third channel, and the filter has a porous structure. When the air in the flame extinguishing cavity is discharged out of the flame extinguishing cavity through the third channel, the filter may filter impurities in the air, and may further divide the air into a plurality of small airflows, to evenly discharge the air to external space of the interrupter.

[0019] In a possible implementation, the interrupter has a third flame extinguishing structure; and the third flame extinguishing structure is located in the third channel, and / or the third flame extinguishing structure is located in the flame extinguishing cavity and covers a port that is of the third channel and that faces the flame extinguishing cavity. The third flame extinguishing structure may cool a high-temperature free gas that passes through the third flame extinguishing structure, and adsorb electrons and charged ions in the high-temperature free gas, to avoid discharging the high-temperature free gas to the external space of the base. The third flame extinguishing structure is disposed at an opening that is of the third channel and that communicates with the flame extinguishing cavity. The high-temperature free gas discharged from the flame extinguishing cavity to the external space of the base first passes through the third flame extinguishing structure, and then is discharged to the external space of the base after being cooled and adsorbed by the third flame extinguishing structure.

[0020] In a possible implementation, there are at least two arc chutes, the at least two arc chutes are spaced apart, there are at least two first channels, which communicate with the arc chutes in a one-to-one matching manner, and there are at least two pistons, which are accommodated in the first channels in a one-to-one matching manner. The pistons match the first channels in a one-to-one manner, the first channels match the arc chutes in a one-to-one manner, and one piston may enter one arc chute through one first channel, to implement quick arc extinguishing in the arc chute. There are at least two pistons, at least two first channels, and at least two arc chutes, and a quantity of pistons, a quantity of first channels, and a quantity of arc chutes are equal. All the arc chutes can perform arc extinguishing, and each arc chute can independently perform arc extinguishing, thereby improving arc extinguishing efficiency.

[0021] In a possible implementation, a material of the first flame extinguishing structure includes a metal material. The first flame extinguishing structure may be made of the metal material, the first flame extinguishing structure is electromagnetic, there is a flame extinguishing channel inside the first flame extinguishing structure, and the first flame extinguishing structure may absorb the arc. When the piston breaks the current-carrying copper busbar, the current-carrying copper busbar is fractured, and an arc is generated. When the piston does not get in contact with the first flame extinguishing structure, the first flame extinguishing structure may attract the arc to move toward the first flame extinguishing structure, and attract the arc to the annular airway of the arc chute. The annular airway has a longer length, arc pressure of an arc that enters the annular airway is higher, and the arc is more easily extinguished. When the piston is in contact with the first flame extinguishing structure, there is a channel inside the first flame extinguishing structure to attract the arc into the first flame extinguishing structure, to prevent the arc from reversely flowing into the current-carrying copper busbar.

[0022] In a possible implementation, a spacing between annular airways is less than or equal to 1 mm. The spacing between annular airways is designed to be less than or equal to 1 millimeter, to ensure that an arc in the arc chute is quickly extinguished, thereby reducing heat accumulation in the arc chute, reducing an arc reignition possibility, and improving arc extinguishing reliability.

[0023] According to a second aspect, this application provides a power distribution device, including a connector and the interrupter according to any implementation of the first aspect. The connector is configured to be electrically connected to a power supply, and the interrupter is electrically connected between the connector and the power supply.

[0024] According to a third aspect, this application provides a vehicle, including a power supply and the power distribution device according to the second aspect. The power supply is electrically connected to the power distribution device, and the interrupter is electrically connected between the connector and the power supply.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0025] FIG. 1 is a diagram of a photovoltaic energy storage system according to an implementation of this application; FIG. 2 is a diagram of an energy storage system according to an implementation of this application; FIG. 3 is a diagram of a vehicle energy storage system according to an implementation of this application; FIG. 4 is an exploded diagram of a structure of an interrupter according to an implementation of this application; FIG. 5 is a diagram of a structure of an interrupter according to an implementation of this application; FIG. 6 is a diagram of a top view of an interrupter according to an implementation of this application; FIG. 7 is a sectional view of a part A-A in FIG. 6; FIG. 8 is a diagram of a structure of an interrupter according to another implementation of this application; FIG. 9 is an exploded diagram of a structure of an interrupter according to another implementation of this application; FIG. 10 is an exploded diagram of a structure of an interrupter according to another implementation of this application; FIG. 11 is a sectional view of a part A-A in FIG. 6; FIG. 12 is a diagram of a sectional view of a partial structure of an interrupter; FIG. 13 is a diagram of a structure in which a first end face is an inclined face according to an implementation of this application; FIG. 14 is a diagram of a structure in which a first end face is an arc face according to an implementation of this application; FIG. 15 is a diagram of a structure in which a first end face is an arc face according to an implementation of this application; FIG. 16 is a diagram of a structure of a sleeve according to an implementation of this application; FIG. 17 is a diagram of a structure of a sleeve and a piston according to an implementation of this application; FIG. 18 is a diagram of an airflow flowing direction in a flame extinguishing cavity according to an implementation of this application; FIG. 19 is a diagram of a structure in which a second flame extinguishing structure is disposed in a flame extinguishing cavity according to an implementation of this application; FIG. 20 is a diagram of a structure in which a second flame extinguishing structure is disposed in a flame extinguishing cavity according to another implementation of this application; FIG. 21 is a diagram of an airflow flowing direction in a flame extinguishing cavity after two through holes are disposed on a sleeve according to an implementation of this application; FIG. 22 is a diagram of a top view of an interrupter according to an implementation of this application; FIG. 23 is a sectional view of a part B-B in FIG. 22; FIG. 24 is a sectional view of a part A-A in FIG. 6; FIG. 25 is a sectional view of a partial structure of an interrupter; FIG. 26 is a diagram of a structure in which a limiting groove is disposed on a sleeve according to an implementation of this application; FIG. 27 is a diagram of a position relationship between a sleeve and a first flame extinguishing structure according to an implementation of this application; FIG. 28 is a diagram of a position relationship between a piston and a current-carrying copper busbar according to an implementation of this application; FIG. 29 is a diagram of a structure in which a third channel is disposed on a base according to an implementation of this application; FIG. 30 is a diagram of a structure in which a filter is disposed in a third channel according to an implementation of this application; and FIG. 31 is a diagram of a structure of a vehicle according to an implementation of this application. DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

[0026] The following describes embodiments of this application with reference to the accompanying drawings in embodiments of this application.

[0027] For ease of understanding, the following first explains and describes English abbreviations and related technical terms used in embodiments of this application.

[0028] It should be noted that the described embodiments are merely some but not all of embodiments of this application. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on embodiments of this application without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of this application.

[0029] The terms used in the embodiments of this application are merely for the purpose of illustrating specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit this application. The terms "a", "said" and "the" of singular forms used in embodiments and the appended claims of this application are also intended to include plural forms, unless otherwise specified in the context clearly.

[0030] It should be understood that the term "and / or" used in this specification describes only a same field for describing associated objects and indicates that three relationships may exist. For example, A and / or B may indicate the following three cases: Only A exists, both A and B exist, and only B exists. In addition, the character " / " in this specification generally indicates an "or" relationship between the associated objects.

[0031] It should be understood that "first", "second", and the like used in this application are merely used for distinguishing and description, but should not be understood as an indication or implication of relative importance or an indication or implication of a sequence.

[0032] In descriptions of this application, orientations or position relationships indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like are based on orientations or position relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are merely intended for ease of describing this application and simplifying descriptions, instead of indicating or implying that a specified apparatus or element needs to have a specific orientation, and be constructed and operated in the specific orientation. Therefore, this cannot be understood as a limitation on this application.

[0033] In this application, "within a range of ..." is used, except when it is separately specified that no end value is included, end values at both ends of the range are included by default. For example, within a range from 1 to 5, two values 1 and 5 are included.

[0034] In descriptions of this application, it should be noted that unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, terms "installation", "interconnection", and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, may be a fastened connection, a detachable connection, a pressing connection, or an integral connection. A person of ordinary skill in the art may understand specific meanings of the foregoing terms in this application based on specific cases.

[0035] An interrupter is an electronic element configured to connect or disconnect a current in one or more circuits. The interrupter can be used in a power system, to protect safe operation of the power system. When the circuit is overloaded or short-circuited or has another fault, the interrupter can automatically switch to a disconnected state to disconnect the current in the circuit, thereby playing a protection role. A piston is disposed in the interrupter. When the current is abnormal, a high-speed movement of the piston is triggered, so that the piston breaks a current-carrying copper busbar to disconnect the circuit. After the current-carrying copper busbar is fractured, an arc is generated at a fracture part. The arc is a gas discharge phenomenon, and occurs when the current passes through air or another insulation medium. After the current-carrying copper busbar is fractured, the circuit is disconnected, and electric field strength between current-carrying copper busbars obtained through fracture may be strong enough, so that a molecule in the air is ionized into free electrons and ions to form a conductive path, thereby generating the arc.

[0036] Disconnection time of the circuit is prolonged due to generation of the arc. If a circuit of the power system is faulty and the interrupter needs to be disconnected, the interrupter cannot be disconnected in a timely manner due to generation of the arc, thereby causing greater damage to the power system. In addition, the interrupter easily explodes due to a high temperature of the arc, causing accidents such as burns of a person. In addition, strong light of the arc may damage human eyes. Further, conductivity of the arc easily causes a short circuit of another device, thereby endangering safe operation of the power system, and causing casualties and great property losses.

[0037] Therefore, when using the interrupter, arc extinguishing is required to be performed on the generated arc, to reduce hazards caused by the arc. However, the interrupter is still slow in arc extinguishing.

[0038] To resolve the foregoing problem, this application provides an interrupter, to quickly extinguish a generated arc, so that the interrupter can quickly disconnect a circuit, to protect safe operation of a power system.

[0039] An interrupter 10 in this application may be applied to a power system. The power system may include a power supply and a load. One terminal of the interrupter is connected to the power supply, and the other terminal is connected to the load.

[0040] For example, the power system may include a photovoltaic inverter system. FIG. 1 is a diagram of a photovoltaic energy storage system according to an implementation of this application. As shown in FIG. 1, the photovoltaic inverter system includes a photovoltaic (photovoltaic, PV) panel and a photovoltaic inverter. The photovoltaic panel converts solar energy into electric energy. Because the photovoltaic panel generates a direct current, the photovoltaic inverter needs to convert the direct current into an alternating current, to facilitate power transmission and utilization.

[0041] The photovoltaic inverter includes a direct current to alternating current (direct current to alternating current, DC / AC) converter, and the DC / AC converter is configured to convert the direct current into the alternating current.

[0042] The photovoltaic inverter further includes a maximum power point tracking (maximum power point tracking, MPPT) module. An MPPT apparatus is configured to track maximum voltage and current values, so that a power generation system outputs a current at a maximum power. The MPPT apparatus and a DC / AC module in the photovoltaic inverter may be disposed in a same packaged device, or may be disposed in different packaged devices.

[0043] The MPPT apparatus may include a direct current to direct current (direct current to direct g current, DC / DC) converter. The DC / DC converter is configured to perform voltage regulation processing (or voltage conversion processing) on a direct current generated by a PV module. A direct current obtained through voltage regulation may be output to an electric energy storage system. One terminal A of the DC / AC converter is connected to the MPPT apparatus and the energy storage system, and the other terminal B is configured to be connected to an alternating current power grid or an alternating current load. In this case, the DC / AC converter converts a direct current output by the MPPT apparatus or the energy storage system into an alternating current, and provides the alternating current for the alternating current load or the alternating current power grid.

[0044] In addition, the other terminal B of the DC / AC converter may be further connected to another energy storage system through an inverter (namely, a DC / AC converter). The inverter is configured to convert the alternating current from the photovoltaic inverter into a direct current, and store the direct current in the energy storage system. In addition, the direct current from the energy storage system may be converted into an alternating current, and the alternating current is provided to the alternating current load or the alternating current power grid.

[0045] As shown in FIG. 1, in an implementation, the interrupter provided in this application may be disposed in a circuit between the DC / AC converter and both the MPPT and the energy storage system. To be specific, one terminal of a current-carrying busbar of the interrupter is connected to the MPPT and the energy storage system, and one terminal of the current-carrying busbar of the interrupter is connected to the DC / AC converter. In this case, the interrupter operates in a direct current circuit. The interrupter may be configured to disconnect an electrical connection between the MPPT and the DC / AC converter, and the interrupter may be configured to disconnect an electrical connection between the energy storage system and the DC / AC converter.

[0046] In another implementation, the interrupter provided in this application may be disposed between the DC / AC converter and an output interface of a photovoltaic system. To be specific, the interrupter may disconnect an electrical connection between the DC / AC converter and the alternating current load or the alternating current power grid. In other words, one terminal of a current-carrying busbar of the interrupter is connected to the DC / AC converter, and one terminal of the current-carrying busbar of the interrupter is connected to the power grid or the load. In this case, the interrupter operates in an alternating current circuit. The interrupter may be configured to disconnect an electrical connection between the photovoltaic system and the alternating current load or the alternating current power grid.

[0047] The interrupter provided in this application may be further disposed in the photovoltaic inverter. In this case, the photovoltaic inverter includes the DC / AC converter, the MPPT apparatus, a detection circuit, the interrupter, and a controller.

[0048] An input terminal of the MPPT apparatus is configured to be connected to the photovoltaic module, and an output terminal of the MPPT apparatus is configured to be directly or indirectly connected to an input terminal of the DC / AC converter.

[0049] For example, the interrupter is connected between the output terminal of the MPPT apparatus and the input terminal of the DC / AC converter.

[0050] Alternatively, the interrupter is connected between an output terminal of the direct current to alternating current DC / AC converter and an external power grid or the load.

[0051] The detection circuit is configured to detect an electrical parameter of the DC / AC converter. For example, the electrical parameter includes at least one of an input terminal voltage of the DC / AC converter, an input terminal current of the DC / AC converter, an output terminal voltage of the DC / AC converter, and an output terminal current of the DC / AC converter.

[0052] The controller is configured to: when the electrical parameter of the DC / AC converter exceeds a preset threshold, control a power mechanism of the interrupter to drive a piston to move, so that a first insulation part cuts off the current-carrying busbar, to disconnect an electrical connection between the output terminal of the MPPT apparatus and the input terminal of the direct current to alternating current DC / AC converter, or disconnect an electrical connection between the output terminal of the direct current to alternating current DC / AC converter and the external power grid or the load. Subsequently, a structure of the interrupter and actions of parts after the interrupter is started are described in detail.

[0053] For example, the power system may include an energy storage system. FIG. 2 is a diagram of an energy storage system according to an implementation of this application. As shown in FIG. 2, the energy storage system includes one or more battery clusters, each battery cluster includes one or more battery packs, and the battery cluster includes an input / output interface. The input / output interface is configured to output a direct current to a load or a photovoltaic inverter system, and the input / output interface is configured for input of a direct current output by the photovoltaic inverter system. The energy storage system further includes the interrupter provided in this application. The interrupter may be disposed between the input / output interface (or an output bus of the battery cluster) and both the photovoltaic system and the load. In this case, the interrupter operates in the direct current circuit. The interrupter may be configured to disconnect an electrical connection between the energy storage system and a direct current load or the photovoltaic inverter system.

[0054] In addition, although not shown, the energy storage system may further include one or more DC / DC converters, and one or more battery management systems (battery management system, BMS). Each battery pack corresponds to one BMS. The BMS is usually configured to implement functions such as dynamic monitoring of battery charge / discharge, battery equalization, and evaluation of a state of charge of a battery. The DC / DC converter is configured for power conversion of the battery pack.

[0055] The battery pack may be a single battery, or may be a battery cluster including a plurality of batteries. Specifically, the battery may alternatively be one or a combination of a lead-carbon battery, a lithium iron phosphate battery, a ternary lithium battery, a sodium-sulfur battery, and a flow battery.

[0056] For example, the power system may include a power system in an electric vehicle. FIG. 3 is a diagram of a vehicle energy storage system according to an implementation of this application, and is specifically a diagram of a structure of an example of a power system of an electric vehicle that has an interrupter provided in this application. As shown in FIG. 3, the electric vehicle includes a power battery and an electric drive system, the power battery includes a battery cluster, and the battery cluster includes one or more battery packs connected in series. The electric drive system includes an inverter circuit and a motor. An output port of the battery cluster provides a direct current for the inverter circuit, and the inverter circuit converts the direct current into a three-phase alternating current and transmits the three-phase alternating current to the motor, to drive the motor.

[0057] In an implementation, the interrupter provided in this application may be disposed in a circuit between the battery cluster and the inverter circuit. To be specific, one terminal of the current-carrying busbar of the interrupter is connected to the battery cluster, and one terminal of the current-carrying busbar of the interrupter is connected to a direct current bus of the inverter circuit. In this case, the interrupter operates in the direct current circuit. The interrupter may be configured to disconnect an electrical connection between the battery cluster and the electric drive system.

[0058] In another implementation, the interrupter provided in this application may be disposed in a circuit between the inverter circuit and the motor. To be specific, the interrupter may disconnect an electrical connection between the inverter circuit and the motor. In other words, one terminal of the current-carrying busbar of the interrupter is connected to an alternating current bus of the inverter circuit, and one terminal of the current-carrying busbar of the interrupter is connected to the motor. In this case, the interrupter operates in an alternating current circuit. The interrupter may be configured to disconnect the electrical connection between the inverter circuit and the motor.

[0059] The following provides detailed descriptions of a structure of an interrupter provided in this application.

[0060] This application provides an interrupter 10. As shown in FIG. 4, FIG. 5, FIG. 6, and FIG. 7, the interrupter 10 includes a base 110, a sealing cover 120, a current-carrying copper busbar 130, and a piston 140. The base 110 has an arc chute 111, and the arc chute 111 can extinguish an arc. After the current-carrying copper busbar 130 is fractured, an arc is generated. The arc is led by the piston into the arc chute 111 and is extinguished by the arc chute 111.

[0061] The arc chute 111 has an opening in a positive Z direction, the sealing cover 120 is disposed on a side of the opening of the arc chute 111 in the positive Z direction, the sealing cover 120 is fastened to the base 110, and the sealing cover 120 may be fastened to the base 110 by using a bolt. For example, as shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5, a mounting hole 118 is disposed on each of the sealing cover 120 and the base 110, and the bolt passes through a mounting hole 118 located on the sealing cover 120 and a mounting hole 118 located on the base 110, to fasten the sealing cover 120 and the base 110. After the sealing cover 120 is fastened to the base 110, the sealing cover 120 is hermetically connected to the base 110 at a contact surface between the sealing cover 120 and the base 110, to avoid leakage of a high-temperature free gas in the arc chute 111. The sealing cover 120 may be made of an insulation material. The sealing cover 120 has a first channel 121 that passes through a thickness direction of the sealing cover 120. As shown in FIG. 4, the thickness direction of the sealing cover 120 is a second direction. The second direction is a Z direction. The first channel 121 extends in the Z direction and passes through the sealing cover 120, and one end of the first channel 121 in a negative Z direction communicates with the opening of the arc chute 111. The current-carrying copper busbar 130 passes through the first channel 121 and is partially accommodated in the first channel 121. A second channel 122 that passes through the sealing cover 120 is further disposed in the sealing cover 120, and the second channel 122 crosses the first channel 121. The first channel 121 extends in the Z direction and passes through the sealing cover 120, the second channel 122 extends in an X direction and passes through the sealing cover 120, and the first channel 121 and the second channel 122 communicate at an intersection in an extension direction, so that a part of the current-carrying copper busbar 130 is accommodated in the first channel 121 and is accommodated at a communicating part between the first channel 121 and the second channel 122. It may be understood that the second channel 122 is configured to accommodate the current-carrying copper busbar 130, and the current-carrying copper busbar 130 accommodated in the second channel 122 completely occupies internal space of the second channel 122. When the current-carrying copper busbar 130 is taken out from the second channel 122, a second channel 122 that passes through the sealing cover 120 in the X direction may be displayed on the sealing cover 120.

[0062] The current-carrying copper busbar 130 is disposed in parallel with the base 110, and the current-carrying copper busbar 130 may be partially located in the sealing cover 120 and penetrate into the sealing cover 120 in the X direction. Two sides of the current-carrying copper busbar 130 in the X direction are located outside the sealing cover 120. The current-carrying copper busbar 130 is configured to be electrically connected a circuit, and can transmit a current. One terminal that is of the current-carrying copper busbar 130 and that is located outside the sealing cover 120 is electrically connected to a power supply, and the other terminal is electrically connected to a load. The interrupter 10 is connected to a used circuit by using the current-carrying copper busbar 130.

[0063] A sealed structure in which a boss 1251 and a clamping slot 1311 are matched is formed between the sealing cover 120 and the current-carrying copper busbar 130. The boss 1251 may be disposed on the sealing cover 120, and the clamping slot 1311 may be disposed on the current-carrying copper busbar 130; or the clamping slot 1311 may be disposed on the sealing cover 120, and the boss 1251 may be disposed on the current-carrying copper busbar 130. Specifically, the sealing cover 120 has a first contact surface 125 that is hermetically attached to the current-carrying copper busbar 130, and the current-carrying copper busbar 130 has a second contact surface 131 that is hermetically attached to the sealing cover 120. The first contact surface 125 may be located on a side of the current-carrying copper busbar 130 in the positive Z direction, and the first contact surface 125 may also be located on a side of the current-carrying copper busbar 130 in the negative Z direction. The second contact surface 131 may be a surface of the side of the current-carrying copper busbar 130 in the positive Z direction, or the second contact surface 131 may be a surface of the side of the current-carrying copper busbar 130 in the negative Z direction. When the first contact surface 125 is located on the side of the current-carrying copper busbar 130 in the positive Z direction, the second contact surface 131 is a surface of the side of the current-carrying copper busbar 130 in the positive Z direction. When the first contact surface 125 is located on the side of the current-carrying copper busbar 130 in the negative Z direction, the second contact surface 131 is a surface of the side of the current-carrying copper busbar 130 in the negative Z direction. The first contact surface 125 is hermetically attached to the second contact surface 131, and the first contact surface 125 may be directly in contact with the second contact surface 131 for hermetic attaching; or the first contact surface 125 and the second contact surface 131 may be indirectly in contact, provided that sealing between the current-carrying copper busbar 130 and the sealing cover 120 is ensured. In this application, the first contact surface 125 is located on the side of the current-carrying copper busbar 130 in the positive Z direction, the second contact surface 131 is a surface of the side of the current-carrying copper busbar 130 in the positive Z direction, and the first contact surface 125 is directly in contact with the second contact surface 131.

[0064] As shown in FIG. 7, the first contact surface 125 is located on the side of the current-carrying copper busbar 130 in the positive Z direction, there is the boss 1251 on the first contact surface 125, the boss 1251 and the first contact surface 125 are of an integral structure, and a part of the first contact surface 125 protrudes in the negative Z direction to form the boss 1251. The first channel 121 passes through the sealing cover 120 in the Z direction, the current-carrying copper busbar 130 passes through the sealing cover 120 in the Z direction, and a partial structure of the current-carrying copper busbar 130 is located in the first channel 121. A part that is of the current-carrying copper busbar 130 and that is located in the first channel 121 includes a thinned part 134, and a thickness of the thinned part 134 is less than a thickness of another part of the current-carrying copper busbar 130. The surface of the side of the current-carrying copper busbar 130 in the positive Z direction is the second contact surface 131, the second contact surface 131 includes a surface of the thinned part 134 in the positive Z direction and a surface of the another part that is of the current-carrying copper busbar 130 and that is different from the thinned part 134 in the positive Z direction, and the surface of the thinned part 134 in the positive Z direction is located on a side, in the negative Z direction, of the surface of the another part that is of the current-carrying copper busbar 130 and that is different from the thinned part 134 in the positive Z direction. The surface of the thinned part 134 in the negative Z direction is flush with the surface, in the negative Z direction, of the another part that is of the current-carrying copper busbar 130 and that is different from the thinned part 134, so that the thinned part 134 and the another part of the current-carrying copper busbar 130 form the clamping slot 1311.

[0065] The boss 1251 is located in the clamping slot 1311, and is hermetically connected to an inner wall surface of the clamping slot 1311. Through matching and a hermetic connection between the boss 1251 and the clamping slot 1311, a contact area between the sealing cover 120 and the current-carrying copper busbar 130 may be increased, and a gas flow path is prolonged and becomes complex, to form better sealing between the current-carrying copper busbar 130 and the sealing cover 120, thereby effectively preventing a gas from being leaked from a contact part between the current-carrying copper busbar 130 and the sealing cover 120, and ensuring gas tightness between the current-carrying copper busbar 130 and the sealing cover 120. In addition, through matching between the boss 1251 and the clamping slot 1311, the current-carrying copper busbar 130 and the sealing cover 120 may be limited, to prevent the current-carrying copper busbar 130 from moving relative to the sealing cover 120.

[0066] At least a part of the piston 140 is accommodated in the first channel 121, and in the thickness direction (Z direction) of the sealing cover 120, a projection of the piston 140 at least partially overlap with the thinned part 134. In the Z direction, the projection of the piston 140 may partially overlap with or completely overlap with the thinned part 134. The piston 140 can move in the first channel 121 to break the current-carrying copper busbar 130 and enter the arc chute 111. When the piston 140 does not move, one end of the piston 140 in the negative Z direction is accommodated in the first channel 121. When the piston 140 moves, the piston 140 breaks the thinned part 134 of the current-carrying copper busbar 130 and enters the arc chute 111, and one end of the piston 140 in the positive Z direction is accommodated in the first channel 121. The piston 140 may be driven by a power mechanism, so that the piston 140 can move in the first channel 121 to break the thinned part 134 of the current-carrying copper busbar 130 and enter the arc chute 111.

[0067] In an embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7, the power mechanism (not shown in the figure) is disposed on a side that is of the piston 140 and that faces away from the base 110, and the power mechanism is disposed on a side of the piston 140 in the positive Z direction. There are at least two power mechanisms, which are connected to the piston 140 in a one-to-one matching manner. Each piston 140 has a dedicated power mechanism to drive the piston 140 to move. A side of the power mechanism in the negative Z direction may be directly in contact with the side of the piston 140 in the positive Z direction, and the side of the power mechanism in the negative Z direction may also be spaced from the side of the piston 140 in the positive Z direction. The power mechanism may receive a control signal, and generate, based on the control signal, a pushing force that drives the piston 140 to move. In an embodiment, a controller may be integrated in the interrupter 10, and the controller sends the control signal to the power mechanism. In an embodiment, the controller may alternatively be disposed independently of the interrupter 10. The power mechanism may generate, through an explosion, or the like, a pushing force that drives the piston 140 to move. In an embodiment, the power mechanism may be an ignition device. The ignition device ignites and explodes when receiving an ignition signal sent by the controller, and an impact force generated by the explosion drives the piston 140 to move. The interrupter 10 may be a pyrotechnic interrupter.

[0068] When the power mechanism does not operate, the piston 140 is located on a side of the arc chute 111 in the positive Z direction. When the power mechanism operates, as shown in FIG. 11 and FIG. 12, the power mechanism drives the piston 140 to break the current-carrying copper busbar 130, and enters the arc chute 111 corresponding to the piston 140 in the negative Z direction from an upper part of the arc chute 111. The arc is formed after the current-carrying copper busbar 130 is fractured. After the piston 140 enters the arc chute 111, there is an annular airway 101 between an outer wall of the piston 140 and a side wall of the arc chute 111, and the annular airway 101 surrounds an outer side of the piston 140. It may be understood that a shape of the opening of the arc chute 111 may be the same as a shape of a part that is of the piston 140 and that is located in the arc chute 111, and a size of the opening of the arc chute 111 is greater than a size of the part that is of the piston 140 and that is located in the arc chute 111, so that the annular airway 101 is formed between the outer wall of the piston 140 and the side wall of the arc chute 111. An annular airway 101 may be formed between the arc chute 111 and each of two side walls of the piston 140 in the X direction, so that a length of the annular airway 101 is long. The annular airway 101 surrounds a periphery of the piston 140 along a circumference of the piston 140. A long annular airway 101 can extend the arc, to quickly increase a voltage of the arc, and implement quick arc extinguishing.

[0069] As shown in FIG. 11, the interrupter 10 further includes a first flame extinguishing structure 170, the first flame extinguishing structure 170 is located in the arc chute 111, and the first flame extinguishing structure 170 has an internal channel. The internal channel is configured to communicate with the annular airway 101 and external space of the first flame extinguishing structure 170. A high-temperature free gas in the annular airway 101 can be absorbed by the first flame extinguishing structure 170 through the internal channel, so that the first flame extinguishing structure 170 can quickly cool the high-temperature free gas and adsorb a charged particle.

[0070] The first flame extinguishing structure 170 may be disposed in the arc chute 111, the first flame extinguishing structure 170 is located on a side that is of the piston 140 and that faces the arc chute 111, and the first flame extinguishing structure 170 is connected to a bottom wall of the base 110 in the arc chute 111. It may be understood that a height of the first flame extinguishing structure 170 in the Z direction is less than a height of the arc chute 111 in the Z direction, so that when the piston 140 breaks the current-carrying copper busbar 130 and enters the arc chute 111, the arc chute 111 has space for accommodating the piston 140. The first flame extinguishing structure 170 is located on a side of the piston 140 in the negative Z direction. When the piston 140 breaks the current-carrying copper busbar 130 and enters the arc chute 111, the piston 140 impacts on the first flame extinguishing structure 170, and the first flame extinguishing structure 170 is configured to deform when being in contact with the piston 140. The first flame extinguishing structure 170 can cushion the piston 140, to reduce damage caused by the impact force to another structure of the interrupter 10. It may be understood that the first flame extinguishing structure 170 may be located right below the piston 140, to better cushion the piston 140. An area of an end face of the first flame extinguishing structure 170 in the positive Z direction may alternatively be greater than or equal to an area of an end face of the piston 140 in the negative Z direction. When the piston 140 moves in the negative Z direction and is in contact with the first flame extinguishing structure 170, a large contact area may ensure full contact between the piston 140 and the first flame extinguishing structure 170. In this way, an impact force can be distributed more evenly, and local stress concentration can be reduced, thereby providing more effective cushioning effect.

[0071] In addition, the first flame extinguishing structure 170 further has a capability of absorbing heat and adsorbing a charged particle. When the piston 140 breaks the current-carrying copper busbar 130 and enters the arc chute 111, the current-carrying copper busbar 130 is fractured, and an arc is generated, accompanied by generation of the high-temperature free gas. The first flame extinguishing structure 170 has an internal channel, and the arc and a high-temperature free gas are attracted to the annular airway 101 of the arc chute 111, to increase a path of the arc. The arc can be quickly extinguished by the arc chute 111, and the high-temperature free gas can be cooled by the first flame extinguishing structure 170. Electrons and charged ions in the high-temperature free gas may also be adsorbed by the first flame extinguishing structure 170, to prevent the high-temperature free gas from flowing back in the positive Z direction. The first flame extinguishing structure 170 has an internal channel. The high-temperature free gas may pass through the first flame extinguishing structure 170 through a flame extinguishing channel, enter the flame extinguishing cavity 112 through a through hole 114 after being processed by the first flame extinguishing structure 170, and continue to flow in the flame extinguishing cavity 112.

[0072] According to the interrupter 10 provided in this application, the piston 140 breaks the current-carrying copper busbar 130 and then enters an arc chute 111. The current-carrying copper busbar 130 is fractured, and an arc is generated. The piston 140 may lead the arc into the arc chute 111, and the arc chute 111 may independently extinguish the arc that enters the arc chute 111. After the piston 140 enters the arc chute 111, there is the annular airway 101 between the outer wall of the piston 140 and the side wall of the arc chute 111, and the arc may enter the annular airway 101. A long annular airway 101 can quickly increase arc pressure of the arc, to implement quick arc extinguishing. The first flame extinguishing structure 170 can cushion the piston 140 that enters the arc chute 111, to reduce damage caused by an impact force to another structure of the interrupter 10. In addition, the first flame extinguishing structure 170 further has a capability of absorbing heat and adsorbing a charged particle, and can attract the arc and a high-temperature free gas to the annular airway 101 of the arc chute 111, to increase a path of the arc. The arc can be quickly extinguished, and the high-temperature free gas can be cooled by the first flame extinguishing structure 170. The electrons and the charged ions in the high-temperature free gas may also be adsorbed by the first flame extinguishing structure 170.

[0073] In a possible implementation, as shown in FIG. 8, FIG. 9, and FIG. 10, the sealing cover 120 includes a sealing upper cover 126 and a sealing lower cover 127, the sealing upper cover 126 is located on a side of the sealing lower cover 127 in the positive Z direction, and the sealing upper cover 126, the sealing lower cover 127, and the base 110 are connected in sequence in the negative Z direction. A connecting groove 1261 is disposed between the sealing upper cover 126 and the sealing lower cover 127. The connecting groove 1261 may be disposed on the sealing upper cover 126, or the connecting groove 1261 may also be disposed on the sealing lower cover 127, or the connecting groove 1261 may be disposed on both the sealing upper cover 126 and the sealing lower cover 127. The sealing upper cover 126 and the sealing lower cover 127 cover the connecting groove 1261, to enclose the current-carrying copper busbar 130. The connecting groove 1261 may be configured to accommodate a part of the current-carrying copper busbar 130. When the sealing upper cover 126 and the sealing lower cover 127 are closed, the current-carrying copper busbar 130 is located between the sealing upper cover 126 and the sealing lower cover 127, and the part of the current-carrying copper busbar 130 is located in the connecting groove 1261. In this case, the sealing upper cover 126 and the sealing lower cover 127 can enclose the current-carrying copper busbar 130, and the current-carrying copper busbar 130 is fastened in the sealing cover 120.

[0074] In an embodiment, as shown in FIG. 9 and FIG. 10, the connecting groove 1261 is disposed on each of the sealing upper cover 126 and the sealing lower cover 127. When the sealing upper cover 126 and the sealing lower cover 127 are closed, a connecting groove 1261 on the sealing upper cover 126 and a connecting groove 1261 on the sealing lower cover 127 enclose a second channel 122, so that the current-carrying copper busbar 130 can be sandwiched between the sealing upper cover 126 and the sealing lower cover 127 by closing the sealing upper cover 126 and the sealing lower cover 127. The connecting groove 1261 is located on two sides of the current-carrying copper busbar 130 in the Z direction. An inner wall surface of the connecting groove 1261 is fitted against surfaces of the current-carrying copper busbars 130 on the two sides of the current-carrying copper busbar 130 in the Z direction. The current-carrying copper busbar 130 is hermetically fitted against the sealing upper cover 126 and the sealing lower cover 127 separately at a contact part.

[0075] In a possible implementation, as shown in FIG. 13, a side wall of the first flame extinguishing structure 170 is fitted against the side wall of the arc chute 111, to be fastened in the arc chute 111. In the thickness direction (Z direction) of the sealing cover, the piston 140 includes one inclined end face, and an end face that is of the first flame extinguishing structure 170 and that faces the piston 140 is configured to be fitted against the inclined end face and is located between the inclined end face and the side wall of the arc chute 111. The end face that is of the first flame extinguishing structure 170 and that faces the piston 140 is denoted as a first end face 171. The first end face 171 is located on a side of the first flame extinguishing structure 170 in the positive Z direction. The inclined end face is denoted as a second end face 142, the second end face 142 is located on a side of the piston 140 in the negative Z direction, and the second end face 142 is disposed in an inclined manner in an extension direction of the piston 140. After entering the arc chute 111, the piston 140 is in contact with the first flame extinguishing structure 170. The first end face 171 of the first flame extinguishing structure 170 is fitted against the second end face 142 of the piston 140, and the second end face 142 is located between the first end face 171 and the side wall of the arc chute 111. After the first flame extinguishing structure 170 is impacted by the piston 140, the first flame extinguishing structure 170 can expand and deform from the inside of the first flame extinguishing structure 170 to an outer side. The first end face 171 of the first flame extinguishing structure 170 squeezes the second end face 142 of the piston 140, to squeeze the piston 140 between the side wall of the arc chute 111 and a first end face 171, thereby preventing the piston 140 from rebounding in the positive Z direction.

[0076] In an embodiment, as shown in FIG. 13, the first end face 171 and the second end face 142 each are an inclined face. The first end face 171 may be disposed on each of two sides of the first flame extinguishing structure 170 in a positive X direction and a negative X direction, the first end face 171 inclines toward the positive Z direction in the negative Z direction, and the first end face 171 inclines to the inside of the first flame extinguishing structure 170. An inclining direction of the second end face 142 is opposite to an inclining direction of the first end face 171, and the second end face 142 is parallel to the first end face 171, so that the second end face 142 can be fitted against the first end face 171 when the second end face 142 is in contact with the first end face 171. After the first flame extinguishing structure 170 expands due to impact, the first end face 171 may squeeze the second end face 142.

[0077] In an embodiment, as shown in FIG. 14, the first end face 171 and the second end face 142 each are an arc face, and the first end face 171 may be disposed on each of the two sides of the first flame extinguishing structure 170 in the positive X direction and the negative X direction. The first end face 171 may protrude toward the outside of the first flame extinguishing structure 170 along the inside of the first flame extinguishing structure 170 to form an arc face, and the second end face 142 may protrude toward the outside of the piston 140 along the inside of the piston 140 to form an arc face. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 15, the first end face 171 may be recessed toward the inside of the first flame extinguishing structure 170 along the outside of the first flame extinguishing structure 170 to form an arc face, and the second end face 142 may be recessed toward the inside of the first flame extinguishing structure 170 along the outside of the piston 140 to form an arc face. After the piston 140 impacts on the first flame extinguishing structure 170, the second end face 142 may match each other and be fitted against the first end face 171. After the first flame extinguishing structure 170 expands when being subject to impact, the first end face 171 may squeeze the second end face 142.

[0078] In a possible implementation, a material of the first flame extinguishing structure 170 includes a metal material. The first flame extinguishing structure 170 may be made of the metal material, the first flame extinguishing structure 170 is electromagnetic, there is a flame extinguishing channel inside the first flame extinguishing structure 170, and the first flame extinguishing structure 170 may absorb the arc. When the piston 140 breaks the current-carrying copper busbar 130, the current-carrying copper busbar 130 is fractured, and an arc is generated. When the piston 140 does not get in contact with the first flame extinguishing structure 170, the first flame extinguishing structure 170 may attract the arc to move toward the first flame extinguishing structure 170, and attract the arc to the annular airway 101 of the arc chute 111. The annular airway 101 has a longer length, arc pressure of an arc that enters the annular airway 101 is higher, and the arc is more easily extinguished. When the piston 140 is in contact with the first flame extinguishing structure 170, there is a channel inside the first flame extinguishing structure 170 to attract the arc into the first flame extinguishing structure 170, to prevent the arc from reversely flowing into the current-carrying copper busbar 130.

[0079] The first flame extinguishing structure 170 may include at least one of a flame extinguishing net, a foamed copper, and a multi-layer chute plate. In an embodiment, the first flame extinguishing structure 170 is a flame extinguishing net, and the flame extinguishing net may be a mesh structure formed by weaving a metal wire. The first flame extinguishing structure 170 may include a single-layer flame extinguishing net, or may include at least two layers of flame extinguishing nets, and there may be an irregular channel in the flame extinguishing net. In an embodiment, the first flame extinguishing structure 170 is a foamed copper. The foamed copper is a material of a porous structure, and may be made of a copper or a copper alloy. In an embodiment, the first flame extinguishing structure 170 is a multi-layer chute plate. The multi-layer chute plate includes a plurality of layers of metal sheets, and there is a specific gap between layers. There is hole structure inside each of the flame extinguishing net, the foamed copper, and the multi-layer chute plate, and the hole structure can enable the first flame extinguishing structure 170 to expand after being impacted by the piston 140. The expanded first flame extinguishing structure 170 squeezes the side wall of the arc chute 111, so that the piston 140 can be squeezed, to prevent the piston 140 from rebounding in the positive Z direction.

[0080] In a possible implementation, as shown in FIG. 10, FIG. 11, FIG. 13, FIG. 16, and FIG. 17, the base 110 includes a body 115 and a sleeve 117. A groove 102 is disposed in the body 115, the sleeve 117 is disposed on a bottom wall of the groove 102, and the sleeve 117 and the groove 102 may be of an integral structure or may be two independent structures. The sleeve 117 extends from the bottom wall of the groove 102 to an opening direction (the positive Z direction) of the groove 102. The sleeve 117 encloses the arc chute 111, and an inner cavity of the sleeve 117 is the arc chute 111. The annular airway 101 is formed between an inner wall of the sleeve 117 and the piston 140, the sleeve 117 is located in the groove 102, a partial outer wall of the sleeve 117 is hermetically connected to a partial inner wall of the groove 102, and an inner wall surface of the groove 102 and an outer wall surface of the sleeve 117 enclose the flame extinguishing cavity 112.

[0081] The body 115 and the sleeve 117 may be two mutually independent structures. The body 115 may include a bottom wall and the side wall of the base 110. The groove 102 is disposed on the body 115, and the groove 102 is specifically disposed on the bottom wall of the base 110. The sleeve 117 may be fastened to the groove 102, or may be detachably connected to the groove 102. The sleeve 117 may be located in the groove 102, and an end face of one end of the sleeve 117 may be fitted against the bottom wall of the groove 102, so that a partial outer wall of the sleeve 117 is hermetically connected to a partial inner wall of the groove 102. The inner wall surface of the groove 102 and the outer wall surface of the sleeve 117 enclose the flame extinguishing cavity 112, and an inner cavity of the sleeve 117 is the arc chute 111. The sleeve 117 and the body 115 are mutually independent. The sleeve 117 may be replaced with sleeves 117 of different sizes according to different arc extinguishing requirements, and the interrupter 10 is designed more flexibly.

[0082] The flame extinguishing cavity 112 is an annular cavity and surrounds a periphery of the arc chute 111, and the sleeve 117 is annular and surrounds the periphery of the arc chute 111. The arc chute 111 may be internal space of the sleeve 117. As shown in FIG. 10, FIG. 11, and FIG. 12, the sleeve 117 is annular, the sleeve 117 has an annular side wall, and the annular side wall encloses the annular arc chute 111. The arc chute 111 and the flame extinguishing cavity 112 are separated by the side wall of the sleeve 117. The flame extinguishing cavity 112 is an annular cavity, the flame extinguishing cavity 112 is an annular cavity, the arc chute 111 is disposed inside the flame extinguishing cavity 112, and the annular flame extinguishing cavity 112 surrounds the periphery of the arc chute 111. The arc chute 111 and the flame extinguishing cavity 112 are designed to be of a nested structure, to improve space utilization efficiency and reduce a volume of the interrupter 10. A cavity volume of the flame extinguishing cavity 112 is greater than a cavity volume of the arc chute 111, and the flame extinguishing cavity 112 may provide a larger surface area or even provide more space for accommodating the flame extinguishing structure, so that the high-temperature free gas is quickly cooled in the flame extinguishing cavity 112. The arc chute 111 communicates with the flame extinguishing cavity 112 through the through hole 114. When the piston 140 enters the arc chute 111, the annular airway 101 is formed between the inner wall of the sleeve 117 and the piston 140. The sleeve 117 is provided with the through hole 114, the through hole 114 passes through the side wall of the sleeve 117, and the through hole 114 may communicate with the arc chute 111 and the flame extinguishing cavity 112. When the piston 140 breaks the current-carrying copper busbar 130 and enters the arc chute 111, the current-carrying copper busbar 130 is fractured, and an arc is generated, accompanied by generation of the high-temperature free gas. When a gas in the arc chute 111 enters the flame extinguishing cavity 112 through the through hole, the sleeve 117 is annular, the flame extinguishing cavity 112 is annular, air may flow in the annular flame extinguishing cavity 112 along the annular sleeve 117, and a gas flow path is shown by a dashed arrow direction in FIG. 18. Air flowing in different directions in the annular flame extinguishing cavity 112 meets in the flame extinguishing cavity 112. Therefore, free electrons and ions in the air are neutralized, so that the air has no charge, thereby significantly reducing electric shock risks and other electric hazards.

[0083] In an embodiment, a fastening groove 1172 may be further disposed on the body 115. As shown in FIG. 23, FIG. 24, and FIG. 25, the fastening groove 1172 is located in the groove 102, and the fastening groove 1172 is specifically disposed on the bottom wall of the base 110. The sleeve 117 is disposed in the fastening groove 1172, and an end face of one end of the sleeve 117 in the negative Z direction is fitted against the bottom wall of the fastening groove 1172. A side wall that is of the sleeve 117 and that is located in the fastening groove 1172 is fitted against and hermetically connected to an inner wall of the fastening groove 1172, so that the gas in the arc chute 111 can be prevented from being leaked from a position between the base 110 and the sleeve 117, to ensure gas tightness of the interrupter 10. The fastening groove 1172 can limit and fasten the sleeve 117, to prevent a position of the sleeve 117 from changing due to an impact force of the piston 140 when the piston 140 enters the sleeve 117, thereby ensuring that the position of the sleeve 117 always keeps stable in an arc extinguishing process, and improving reliability and safety of the interrupter 10.

[0084] In a possible implementation, as shown in FIG. 24, the sleeve 117 has the through hole 114 that communicates with the arc chute 111 and the flame extinguishing cavity 112. The through hole 114 is located on the sleeve 117 and passes through the sleeve 117. The sleeve 117 is located in the groove 102 and is hermetically connected to the inner wall of the groove 102. The inner cavity of the sleeve 117 is the arc chute 111, and the inner wall surface of the groove 102 and the outer wall surface of the sleeve 117 enclose the flame extinguishing cavity 112. The flame extinguishing cavity 112 and the arc chute 111 are separated by the side wall of the sleeve 117, the through hole 114 may be disposed on the side wall of the sleeve 117, and the through hole 114 passes through the side wall of the sleeve 117. The sleeve 117 may be provided with one through hole 114, or may be provided with two through holes 114, or may be provided with three through holes 114, or the like.

[0085] The through hole 114 may communicate with the inner cavity of the sleeve 117 and the outside of the sleeve 117. In other words, the through hole 114 may communicate with the arc chute 111 and the flame extinguishing cavity 112. The first flame extinguishing structure 170 is located in the sleeve 117 and covers the through hole 114. The first flame extinguishing structure 170 may completely cover the through hole 114, or may partially cover the through hole 114. The internal channel of the first flame extinguishing structure 170 may communicate with the through hole 114, so that the gas in the arc chute 111 enters the flame extinguishing cavity 112. After the sleeve 117 is located in the groove 102, when the piston 140 breaks the current-carrying copper busbar 130 and enters the arc chute 111 in the sleeve 117, the current-carrying copper busbar 130 is fractured, and an arc is generated, accompanied by generation of the high-temperature free gas. A molecule in the air is ionized into free electrons and ions. The generated arc and the generated high-temperature free gas simultaneously enter the arc chute 111. The arc may be quickly extinguished by the arc chute 111, and the high-temperature free gas may enter the flame extinguishing cavity 112 through the through hole 114. The flame extinguishing structure may be disposed in the flame extinguishing cavity 112. Therefore, air can be quickly cooled in the flame extinguishing cavity 112, and the free electrons and ions in the air may also be neutralized in the flame extinguishing cavity 112.

[0086] In an embodiment, a through hole 114 may be disposed on the sleeve 117, and the through hole 114 is located on a side wall of the sleeve 117 in the positive X direction. The through hole 114 is located on a side of the sleeve 117 in the negative Z direction. After high-temperature free gases in the arc chute 111 flow out of the through hole 114, the high-temperature free gases flow in opposite directions on an outer side of the sleeve 117. In this embodiment, after flowing out of the through hole 114, the high-temperature free gases first flow in a positive Y direction and a negative Y direction, to form cyclic air convections in the flame extinguishing cavity 112. When the high-temperature free gases flowing out meet in the flame extinguishing cavity 112, charged ions can be quickly neutralized.

[0087] In a possible implementation, as shown in FIG. 11 and FIG. 18, the interrupter 10 includes a second flame extinguishing structure 160, the second flame extinguishing structure 160 is located in the flame extinguishing cavity 112, and the second flame extinguishing structure 160 is disposed on the outer side of the sleeve 117. The second flame extinguishing structure 160 may be disposed at any position between the flame extinguishing cavity 112 and the sleeve 117. The second flame extinguishing structure 160 has a capability of absorbing heat and adsorbing a charged particle. The second flame extinguishing structure 160 can cool the high-temperature free gas that enters the flame extinguishing cavity 112, or can adsorb electrons and charged ions in the high-temperature free gas. For example, the second flame extinguishing structure 160 may be metal. The second flame extinguishing structure 160 has an internal channel, and the high-temperature free gas may pass through the second flame extinguishing structure 160 through the flame extinguishing channel, and continue to flow in the annular flame extinguishing cavity 112 after being cooled by the second flame extinguishing structure 160. When air flowing in different directions in the annular flame extinguishing cavity 112 meets in the flame extinguishing cavity 112, free electrons and charged ions in the air are neutralized. A shape of the second flame extinguishing structure 160 is not limited in this application. A person skilled in the art may adaptively design the second flame extinguishing structure 160 based on a flame extinguishing requirement of the interrupter 10, a shape of the flame extinguishing cavity 112, or the like.

[0088] In a possible implementation, the second flame extinguishing structure 160 includes at least one of a flame extinguishing net, a foamed copper, and a multi-layer chute plate. The second flame extinguishing structure 160 may be made of a metal material. The second flame extinguishing structure 160 can quickly cool the high-temperature free gas and adsorb the charged particle.

[0089] In an embodiment, the second flame extinguishing structure 160 is a flame extinguishing net, and the flame extinguishing net may be a mesh structure formed by weaving a metal wire. The second flame extinguishing structure 160 may include a single-layer flame extinguishing net, or may include at least two layers of flame extinguishing nets, and there may be an irregular channel in the flame extinguishing net. When the high-temperature free gas passes through the flame extinguishing net, a speed of the gas is hindered, increasing a contact area and time between the gas and the flame extinguishing net. This helps quickly cool the gas and promotes adsorption of the free electrons and ions.

[0090] In an embodiment, the second flame extinguishing structure 160 is a foamed copper. The foamed copper is a material of a porous structure, and may be made of a copper or a copper alloy. The foamed copper has a large specific surface area, and can effectively absorb and diffuse high-temperature free gases, thereby accelerating a cooling process of the high-temperature free gas. The porous structure of the foamed copper also helps adsorb the free electrons and the charged ions in the gas.

[0091] In an embodiment, the second flame extinguishing structure 160 is a multi-layer chute plate. The multi-layer chute plate includes a plurality of layers of metal sheets, and there is a specific gap between layers. The gap helps quickly reduce a temperature of air.

[0092] The second flame extinguishing structure 160 is disposed in the flame extinguishing cavity 112. In a through direction of the through hole 114, a projection of at least one second flame extinguishing structure 160 at least partially overlaps with a projection of the through hole 114, so that the gas in the arc chute 111 can get in contact with the second flame extinguishing structure 160 more quickly after flowing out of the through hole 114, thereby improving a cooling and neutralization speed of the second flame extinguishing structure 160 for the high-temperature free gas.

[0093] In an embodiment, as shown in FIG. 11 and FIG. 18, the second flame extinguishing structure 160 is disposed in the flame extinguishing cavity 112, and the second flame extinguishing structure 160 is disposed on the outer side of the sleeve 117. A wall surface that is of the second flame extinguishing structure 160 and that faces the through hole 114 (a wall surface of the second flame extinguishing structure 160 in the negative X direction) may be fitted against the outer wall surface of the sleeve 117, or may not be fitted against the outer wall of the sleeve 117. The through hole 114 is disposed on the side wall of the sleeve 117 in the positive X direction. In this embodiment, the through direction of the through hole 114 is the X direction, and the second flame extinguishing structure 160 is located on a side of the through hole 114 in the positive X direction. A recess 161 may be disposed on the wall surface of the second flame extinguishing structure 160 in the negative X direction, and the recess 161 is concave in the positive X direction along the wall surface of the second flame extinguishing structure 160 in the negative X direction. The recess 161 directly faces the through hole 114, and the projection of the through hole 114 in the X direction is completely located inside a projection of the recess 161 in the X direction. The recess 161 is designed to prevent the second flame extinguishing structure 160 from blocking the through hole 114. Air flowing out of the arc chute 111 flows out of the arc chute 111 through the through hole 114, and then enters the inside of the second flame extinguishing structure 160 through an internal channel of the recess 161. The air may be cooled by the second flame extinguishing structure 160, and electrons and charged ions in the high-temperature free gas may also be adsorbed by the second flame extinguishing structure 160. The second flame extinguishing structure 160 has a large volume, and can improve air cooling efficiency in the flame extinguishing cavity 112 and efficiency of neutralizing or removing free electrons and charged ions in the air.

[0094] In a possible implementation, at least one second flame extinguishing structure 160 is disposed on each of two opposite sides in a direction perpendicular to the through direction of the through hole 114. There are at least two second flame extinguishing structures 160, and there may be two, three, or four second flame extinguishing structures 160, or the like. The at least two second flame extinguishing structures 160 are located in the flame extinguishing cavity 112, the at least two second flame extinguishing structures 160 are located in the flame extinguishing cavity 112, and the at least two second flame extinguishing structures 160 are spaced apart in an extension direction of the flame extinguishing cavity 112. The second flame extinguishing structure 160 is disposed between the flame extinguishing cavity 112 and the sleeve 117. Second flame extinguishing structures 160 are spaced apart around a periphery of the sleeve 117. At least one second flame extinguishing structure 160 is disposed on the two opposite sides in the direction perpendicular to the through direction of the through hole 114. In this embodiment, the through direction of the through hole 114 is the X direction, and a Y direction is perpendicular to the through direction of the through hole 114. At least one second flame extinguishing structure 160 may be disposed on two sides in the Y direction. High-temperature free gases in the arc chute 111 flow out of the through hole 114, and then flow away from each other in the direction perpendicular to the through direction of the through hole 114. The at least one second flame extinguishing structure 160 is disposed on each of the two opposite sides in the direction perpendicular to the through direction of the through hole 114, so that it can be ensured that all high-temperature free gases flowing in different directions in the flame extinguishing cavity 112 enter the second flame extinguishing structure 160 and get in contact with the second flame extinguishing structure 160, to improve cooling efficiency and adsorption efficiency, and reduce costs. A position of the second flame extinguishing structure 160 may be flexibly designed.

[0095] In an embodiment, as shown in FIG. 11 and FIG. 19, there are two second flame extinguishing structures 160. The two second flame extinguishing structures 160 are spaced apart on a side of the sleeve 117 in the positive X direction. The through hole 114 is further disposed on the side wall of the sleeve 117 in the positive X direction, and the two second flame extinguishing structures 160 are spaced apart on two sides of the through hole 114 in the Y direction. Air flowing out of the through hole 114 may separately flow in a positive Y direction and in a negative Y direction. The two second flame extinguishing structures 160 are respectively disposed on the two sides of the through hole 114 in the Y direction, and air flowing out of the through hole 114 may be in contact with the second flame extinguishing structure 160, to increase a contact area between the air and the second flame extinguishing structure 160, thereby improving cooling efficiency and adsorption efficiency. Air may pass through the second flame extinguishing structure 160 through an internal channel of the second flame extinguishing structure 160, and meet on a side of the sleeve 117 in the negative X direction, so that electrons and charged ions in the high-temperature free gas can be neutralized.

[0096] In an embodiment, as shown in FIG. 11 and FIG. 20, there are three second flame extinguishing structures 160. The three second flame extinguishing structures 160 are spaced apart on the outer side of the sleeve 117 in a circumferential direction of the annular sleeve 117. The through hole 114 is disposed on the side wall of the sleeve 117 in the positive X direction, the through hole 114 passes through the sleeve 117 in the X direction, and the Y direction is perpendicular to the through direction of the through hole 114. The three second flame extinguishing structures 160 may be respectively disposed on an outer side of a side wall of the sleeve 117 in the positive X direction, the outer side of the side wall of the sleeve 117 in the positive Y direction, and an outer side of a side wall of the sleeve 117 in the negative Y direction. A projection, in the X direction, of the second flame extinguishing structure 160 located on the outer side of the side wall of the sleeve 117 in the positive X direction overlaps with a projection of the through hole 114 in the X direction. In this design, not only a contact area between the air and the second flame extinguishing structure 160 can be increased, but also cooling efficiency and adsorption efficiency can be improved. It can be further ensured that the high-temperature free gas flowing out of the through hole 114 can enter the second flame extinguishing structure 160 from a plurality of directions, thereby implementing all-round cooling effect and adsorption effect.

[0097] In a possible implementation, there are at least two through holes 114, the sleeve 117 is annular, and the at least two through holes 114 are spaced apart in a circumferential direction of the sleeve 117. There may be at least two through holes 114. For example, there are two, three, or four through holes 114. The sleeve 117 is annular, and the at least two through holes 114 are spaced apart on the sleeve 117 in the circumferential direction of the sleeve 117. For example, the at least two second flame extinguishing structures 160 may be disposed on a same side of the sleeve 117. Alternatively, the at least two second flame extinguishing structures 160 may be separately disposed on different sides of the sleeve 117. At least two through holes 114 are spaced apart on the sleeve 117, so that air in the arc chute 111 can quickly enter the flame extinguishing cavity 112 from the arc chute 111. In addition, a plurality of cyclic convections can be formed in the flame extinguishing cavity 112, so that the flame extinguishing cavity 112 quickly processes the high-temperature free gas, to avoid damaging the interrupter 10. It may be understood that the through hole 114 may be disposed on the side of the sleeve 117 in the negative Z direction, so that the high-temperature free gas in the arc chute 111 flows out.

[0098] In an embodiment, as shown in FIG. 17 and FIG. 21, there are two through holes 114, and the two through holes 114 are respectively disposed on the two sides of the sleeve 117 in the X direction. The high-temperature free gas in the arc chute 111 may enter the flame extinguishing cavity 112 through the two through holes 114. A flow path of the high-temperature free gas in the flame extinguishing cavity 112 is shown by a dashed line arrow in FIG. 21. After the high-temperature free gas flows out of the through hole 114, the gas separately flows in the positive Y direction and the negative Y direction, to form cyclic air convections. When the high-temperature free gases flowing out meet in the flame extinguishing cavity 112, charged ions can be quickly neutralized.

[0099] In an embodiment, there are three through holes 114, and the three through holes 114 may be respectively disposed on the side wall of the sleeve 117 in the positive Y direction, the side wall of the sleeve 117 in the positive X direction, and the side wall of the sleeve 117 in the negative X direction. The high-temperature free gas in the arc chute 111 may enter the flame extinguishing cavity 112 through the three through holes 114. After the high-temperature free gas flows out of the through hole 114, the gas flows in opposite directions in the flame extinguishing cavity 112, to form cyclic air convections. When the high-temperature free gases flowing out meet in the flame extinguishing cavity 112, charged ions can be quickly neutralized.

[0100] In a possible implementation, as shown in FIG. 13, FIG. 23, FIG. 26, and FIG. 27, the first flame extinguishing structure 170 is accommodated inside the sleeve 117, a limiting groove 1171 is disposed on the inner wall of the sleeve 117, and a groove opening of the limiting groove 1171 faces the first flame extinguishing structure 170. The limiting groove 1171 may extend to a bottom wall of the sleeve 117 in the negative Z direction. The limiting groove 1171 may be located on an inner wall of the sleeve 117 in the X direction (as shown in FIG. 26), or may be located on an inner wall of the sleeve 117 in the Y direction (as shown in FIG. 27), or may be located on an inner wall of the sleeve 117 in the X direction and an inner wall of the sleeve 117 in the Y direction. When the first flame extinguishing structure 170 is accommodated in the sleeve 117, and inner wall of the sleeve 117 is fitted against the side wall of the first flame extinguishing structure 170, a distance L1 between the side wall of the first flame extinguishing structure 170 and a center line of the sleeve 117 is less than a distance L2 between a partial inner wall of the sleeve 117 and the center line of the sleeve, and is greater than a distance L3 between another partial inner wall of the sleeve 117 and the center line of the sleeve 117. A limiting groove 1171 is disposed on the sleeve 117, and the distance L2 between the partial inner wall of the sleeve 117 and the center line of the sleeve is a distance between the inner wall of the limiting groove 1171 in the Y direction and the center line of the sleeve. When the first flame extinguishing structure 170 is accommodated in the arc chute 111 inside the sleeve 117, the side wall of the first flame extinguishing structure 170 may be located in the limiting groove 1171 and is fitted against the inner wall of the limiting groove 1171. However, due to reasons such as assembly precision and manufacturing tolerance, there is a gap between the side wall of the first flame extinguishing structure 170 and an inner wall of the limiting groove 1171, so that L1 is less than L2. The distance L3 between the another partial inner wall of the sleeve 117 and the center line of the sleeve 117 is a distance between an inner wall that is of the sleeve 117 and on which the limiting groove 1171 is not disposed and the center line of the sleeve 117. L1 is greater than L3. In a radial direction of the sleeve 117, a projection of the partial inner wall (the inner wall of the limiting groove 1171) of the sleeve 117 covers the side wall of the first flame extinguishing structure 170, and the side wall of the first flame extinguishing structure 170 is completely located in the limiting groove 1171. The limiting groove 1171 can limit a movement of the first flame extinguishing structure 170 in the arc chute 111. Especially, after the piston 140 impacts on the first flame extinguishing structure 170, the limiting groove 1171 can further prevent the first flame extinguishing structure 170 from moving in the arc chute 111. There may be at least one limiting groove 1171. The sleeve 117 and the groove 102 may be of an integral structure, or may be of two independent structures. It may be understood that, when the sleeve 117 and the groove 102 are two independent structures, in an assembly process, the first flame extinguishing structure 170 may be placed in the groove 102, and then the sleeve 117 is sleeved on an outer side of the first flame extinguishing structure 170.

[0101] In a possible implementation, as shown in FIG. 13 and FIG. 28, there are at least two protrusions 143 at one end that is of the piston 140 and that faces the first flame extinguishing structure 170, the protrusions 143 are located at one end of the piston 140 in the negative Z direction, and the second end face 142 is located on the protrusions 143. There may be two, three, four protrusions 143, or the like. A groove 144 is disposed between the at least two protrusions 143, and an opening of the groove 144 faces the first flame extinguishing structure 170. A bottom wall of the groove 144 is configured to be in contact with the current-carrying copper busbar 130 and break the current-carrying copper busbar 130, and an outer circumferential surface of the protrusion 143 is fitted against an inner wall surface of the sleeve 117. The piston 140 can move in the negative Z direction, break the current-carrying copper busbar 130, and enter the arc chute 111 inside the sleeve 117. As shown in FIG. 28, when the bottom wall of the groove 144 of the piston 140 is in contact with a surface of the current-carrying copper busbar 130 in the positive Z direction, the protrusion 143 may be partially located inside the sleeve 117, and an outer circumferential surface of the protrusion 143 located inside the sleeve 117 is fitted against the inner wall surface of the sleeve 117. The protrusion 143 is fitted against the inner wall surface of the sleeve 117, to avoid a case in which the inner wall surface of the first channel 121 jams the piston 140 in a process in which the piston 140 moves in the Z direction, and avoid a case in which the piston 140 is stuck or a moving speed decreases in a moving process and consequently, breaking the current-carrying copper busbar 130 by the piston 140 is affected. In addition, the protrusion 143 is fitted against the inner wall surface of the sleeve 117, to play a guiding role, and ensure that the piston 140 keeps a correct motion path in a moving process.

[0102] In a possible implementation, as shown in FIG. 22, FIG. 23, FIG. 24, and FIG. 25, the sealing cover 120 has a raised eave 123 that protrudes toward the base 110, the raised eave 123 encloses an accommodation groove 124, one end of the sleeve 117 is accommodated in the accommodation groove 124 and is hermetically connected to an inner wall of the accommodation groove 124, and the raised eave 123 is located in the groove 102 and is hermetically connected to the inner wall of the groove 102, the outer wall of the sleeve 117 and the inner wall of the groove 102 are hermetically connected by using the raised eave 123.

[0103] The raised eave 123 is disposed on a side (the side of the sealing cover 120 in the negative Z direction) that is of the sealing cover 120 and that faces the base 110. The base 110 is located on the side of the sealing cover 120 in the negative Z direction. The raised eave 123 extends in the negative Z direction, so that the raised eave 123 protrudes toward the base 110. The raised eave 123 and the side wall of the sealing cover 120 in the negative Z direction enclose a first cavity 1231, and the accommodation groove 124 is located in the first cavity 1231. It may be understood that a side wall that encloses the accommodation groove 124 is also the raised eave 123. In an embodiment, a partial side wall of the accommodation groove 124 may be integrated with a partial side wall of the first cavity 1231. Alternatively, in an embodiment, the side wall of the accommodation groove 124 and the side wall of the first cavity 1231 are mutually independent, and the side wall of the accommodation groove 124 is spaced from the side wall of the first cavity 1231. In this embodiment of this application, as shown in FIG. 9, FIG. 23, and FIG. 25, the side wall of the accommodation groove 124 in the Y direction is spaced from the side wall of the first cavity 1231 in the Y direction, to enclose a larger flame extinguishing cavity 112 with the groove 102 for accommodating more second flame extinguishing structures 160. A side wall of the accommodation groove 124 in the negative X direction is integrated with a side wall of the first cavity 1231 in the negative X direction, so that stability of the side wall of the accommodation groove 124 can be enhanced. An opening of the accommodation groove 124 faces the base 110, and the accommodation groove 124 may be configured to accommodate the sleeve 117.

[0104] When the sealing cover 120 covers the base 110, the inner wall of the groove 102, the raised eave 123, and the sleeve 117 are arranged in sequence in the radial direction of the sleeve 117. One end of the sleeve 117 in the positive Z direction may be accommodated in the accommodation groove 124, and an outer wall that is of the sleeve 117 and that is located in the accommodation groove 124 is hermetically connected to the inner wall of the accommodation groove 124. The accommodation groove 124 may further limit and fasten the sleeve 117, to prevent a position of the sleeve 117 from changing due to an impact force of the piston 140 when the piston 140 enters the sleeve 117, thereby ensuring that the position of the sleeve 117 always keeps stable in an arc extinguishing process, and improving reliability and safety of the interrupter 10. When the sealing cover 120 covers the base 110, the raised eave 123 may be completely located in the groove 102, and an outer wall of the raised eave 123 is hermetically connected to the inner wall of the groove 102, to avoid leakage of a high-temperature free gas in the base 110. The raised eave 123 further ensures that the sealing cover 120 does not deviate from a position when being mounted with the base 110. The sleeve 117 and the raised eave 123 are located in the groove 102. The outer wall of the sleeve 117 and the inner wall of the groove 102 are hermetically connected by using the raised eave 123. The outer wall of the sleeve 117 and the inner wall of the groove 102 are hermetically connected by using the raised eave 123, so that the flame extinguishing cavity 112 is a sealed cavity, to avoid leakage of the high-temperature free gas in the base 110.

[0105] In a possible implementation, the sleeve 117 and the groove bottom of the groove 102 is of an integral structure. As shown in FIG. 11, the sleeve 117 and the groove 102 are of an integral structure. It may be understood that the sleeve 117 and the groove 102 may be formed on the body 115 through stamping, or the like. The sleeve 117 is located in the groove 102. The sleeve 117 and the groove 102 share a bottom wall, and are of an integral structure with the groove bottom of the groove 102. The sleeve 117 and the groove bottom of the groove 102 are of the integral structure, to improve stability between the groove 102 and the sleeve 117, and avoid a position change of the sleeve 117 and the arc chute 111 relative to the groove 102, thereby improving stability of arc extinguishing performance and further improving performance stability of the interrupter 10.

[0106] In a possible implementation, the flame extinguishing cavity 112 is disposed in the base 110, a third channel 113 is disposed on the base 110, and the third channel 113 communicates with the flame extinguishing cavity 112 and external space of the base 110.

[0107] As shown in FIG. 29, the base 110 may include a bottom wall and a side wall, the third channel 113 is disposed on the base 110, and the third channel 113 may be disposed on the side wall of the base 110 or may be disposed on the bottom wall of the base 110. The third channel 113 may communicate with the flame extinguishing cavity 112 and the external space of the base 110, a gas in the base 110 may be discharged out of the flame extinguishing cavity 112 through the third channel 113, to improve an air discharge speed of the interrupter, and avoid a case in which atmospheric pressure in the base 110 is excessively high and consequently, the arc and the high-temperature free gas cannot enter the arc chute 111.

[0108] The third channel 113 may match the flame extinguishing cavity 112 in a one-to-one manner. A quantity of third channels 113 may be the same as a quantity of flame extinguishing cavities 112, and a gas in each flame extinguishing cavity 112 may be discharged to the external space of the base 110 through the third channel 113.

[0109] In a possible implementation, at least one layer of filter 103 is disposed in the third channel 113, and the filter 103 has a porous structure. As shown in FIG. 29 and FIG. 30, for ease of understanding, FIG. 30 merely shows structures of the third channel 113 and the filter 103, and the structures of the third channel 113 and the filter 103 shown in FIG. 30 are merely examples. The porous structure of the filter 103 passes through the filter 103 in an extension direction of the third channel 113. When the air in the flame extinguishing cavity 112 is discharged out of the flame extinguishing cavity 112 through the third channel 113, the filter 103 may filter impurities in the air, and may further divide the air into a plurality of small airflows, to evenly discharge the air to external space of the interrupter 10. When there are at least two filters 103 in the third channel 113, porous structures of different filters 103 may communicate in a one-to-one manner, or may not communicate in a one-to-one manner.

[0110] In a possible implementation, as shown in FIG. 29, the interrupter 10 has a third flame extinguishing structure 180; and the third flame extinguishing structure 180 is located in the third channel 113, and / or the third flame extinguishing structure 180 is located in the flame extinguishing cavity 112 and covers a port that is of the third channel 113 and that faces the flame extinguishing cavity 112. The third flame extinguishing structure 180 may be located in the third channel 113, or the third flame extinguishing structure 180 is located in the flame extinguishing cavity 112 and covers the port that is of the third channel 113 and that faces the flame extinguishing cavity 112. Alternatively, the third flame extinguishing structure 180 is disposed in the third channel 113, and the third flame extinguishing structure 180 is also disposed in the flame extinguishing cavity 112. The third flame extinguishing structure 180 in the flame extinguishing cavity 112 covers the port that is of the third channel 113 and that faces the flame extinguishing cavity 112.

[0111] The third flame extinguishing structure 180 may include at least one of a flame extinguishing net, a foamed copper, and a multi-layer chute plate. The third flame extinguishing structure 180 may cool a high-temperature free gas that passes through the third flame extinguishing structure 180, and adsorb electrons and charged ions in the high-temperature free gas, to avoid discharging the high-temperature free gas to the external space of the base 110. A function of the third flame extinguishing structure 180 is the same as a function of the second flame extinguishing structure 160. Details are not described herein again.

[0112] In an embodiment, as shown in FIG. 29, the third flame extinguishing structure 180 is located in the flame extinguishing cavity 112 and covers the port that is of the third channel 113 and that faces the flame extinguishing cavity 112. The third flame extinguishing structure 180 is disposed at an opening that is of the third channel 113 and that communicates with the flame extinguishing cavity 112. The high-temperature free gas discharged from the flame extinguishing cavity 112 to the external space of the base 110 first passes through the third flame extinguishing structure 180, and then is discharged to the external space of the base 110 after being cooled and adsorbed by the third flame extinguishing structure 180.

[0113] In a possible implementation, there are at least two arc chutes 111, and the at least two arc chutes 111 are spaced apart. The arc chutes 111 are disposed independently of each other. There may be two, three, or four arc chutes 111, or the like. There are at least two first channels 121, which communicate with the arc chutes 111 in a one-to-one matching manner. The first channel 121 is located on the side of the arc chute 111 in the positive Z direction. That the first channels 121 communicate with the arc chutes 111 in a one-to-one matching manner means that a quantity of first channels 121 is equal to a quantity of arc chutes 111, each first channel 121 communicates with each arc chute 111 in a one-to-one manner, and each arc chute 111 communicates with only one first channel 121. There may be two, three, or four arc chutes 111, or the like. There are at least two pistons 140, which are accommodated in the first channels 121 in a one-to-one matching manner. That the pistons 140 are accommodated in the first channels 121 in a one-to-one matching manner means that the quantity of first channels 121 is equal to a quantity of pistons 140, and each first channel 121 may accommodate one piston 140. The pistons 140 may be partially accommodated in the first channel 121, or may be completely accommodated in the first channel 121. There may be two, three, or four pistons 140, or the like. For example, two pistons 140 and two first channels 121 are shown in FIG. 11. The pistons 140 match the first channels 121 in a one-to-one manner, the first channels 121 match the arc chutes 111 in a one-to-one manner, and one piston 140 may enter one arc chute 111 through one first channel 121, to implement quick arc extinguishing in the arc chute 111. There are at least two pistons 140, at least two first channels 121, and at least two arc chutes 111, and a quantity of pistons 140, a quantity of first channels 121, and a quantity of arc chutes 111 are equal. All the arc chutes 111 can perform arc extinguishing, and each arc chute 111 can independently perform arc extinguishing, thereby improving arc extinguishing efficiency. There are at least two flame extinguishing cavities 112 and at least two sleeves 117, to match the arc chutes 111 in a one-to-one manner, and a quantity of flame extinguishing cavities 112 and a quantity of sleeves 117 are equal. One sleeve 117 is disposed in each flame extinguishing cavity 112, the arc chute 111 is inside the sleeve 117, and the flame extinguishing cavity 112 is outside the sleeve 117. Each flame extinguishing cavity 112 has one arc chute 111, and a projection of the arc chute 111 in the Z direction is located in a projection of the flame extinguishing cavity 112 in the Z direction. There may be two flame extinguishing cavities 112 and two sleeves 117, or there may be three flame extinguishing cavities 112 and three sleeves 117, or there may be four flame extinguishing cavities 112 and four sleeves 117, or the like. Each sleeve 117 is provided with a through hole 114, and the through hole 114 on each sleeve 117 is configured to transmit air in the arc chute 111 to the flame extinguishing cavity 112, to cool and neutralize the air in the flame extinguishing cavity 112, thereby improving safety of the interrupter 10 and preventing a safety accident.

[0114] In a possible implementation, a spacing between annular airways 101 is less than or equal to 1 mm. The spacing between the annular airways 101 may be 0.3 millimeter, 0.5 millimeter, or 1 millimeter. The spacing between the annular airways 101 is a spacing between the side wall of the arc chute 111 and the outer wall of the piston 140 after the piston 140 breaks the current-carrying copper busbar 130 and enters the arc chute 111. The arc can enter the annular airway 101, and the spacing between the annular airways 101 is designed to be less than or equal to 1 millimeter, to ensure that an arc in the arc chute 111 is quickly extinguished, thereby reducing heat accumulation in the arc chute 111, reducing an arc reignition possibility, and improving arc extinguishing reliability.

[0115] In a possible implementation, as shown in FIG. 16, FIG. 23, and FIG. 26, an accommodation groove 1173 is further disposed on a side of the sleeve 117 in the positive Z direction. After the piston 140 breaks the current-carrying copper busbar 130, the side wall of the piston 140 squeezes the current-carrying copper busbar 130, and the current-carrying copper busbar 130 is bent when being squeezed, so that the current-carrying copper busbar 130 is fractured. The bent current-carrying copper busbar 130 may be accommodated in the accommodation groove 1173, so that the bent current-carrying copper busbar 130 hinders a movement of the piston 140, and the piston 140 can break the current-carrying copper busbar 130 more quickly. It may be understood that, in a case of the sleeve 117, the accommodation groove 1173 may also be disposed at an end of the sleeve 117 in the positive Z direction, and the accommodation groove 1173 may be configured to accommodate the bent current-carrying copper busbar.

[0116] This application further provides a power distribution device, including a connector and the interrupter 10 described in any one of the foregoing implementations. The connector is configured to be electrically connected to a power supply, and the connector is electrically connected between the interrupter 10 and the power supply.

[0117] An embodiment of this application further provides a power distribution device. The power distribution device is configured to implement circuit deployment and distribution, and may be used in a power distribution system of a wireless high-power 5G (5th generation mobile communication technology, 5G for short) base station, or may be used in a power distribution system of a home circuit. An application field of the power distribution device is not limited in this embodiment, and may be applied to a line connection in any field.

[0118] The power distribution device may include a connector and an interrupter 10. The connector is electrically connected to the interrupter 10 as an intermediate transition connecting piece, the connector is electrically connected to a power supply, the interrupter 10 is electrically connected between the connector and the power supply, and a connection hole may be disposed on the current-carrying copper busbar 130 of the interrupter 10 to be connected to the connector. The connector can enable each interrupter 10 to be connected to the power supply. The power supply may be a mains supply, a generator, a battery, or the like.

[0119] This application further provides a vehicle 30. As shown in FIG. 31, the vehicle 30 includes a power supply 300 and the power distribution device described in the foregoing implementations. The interrupter 10 is electrically connected between the connector 200 and the power supply 300. The vehicle 30 provided in this application includes but is not limited to an electric vehicle, a motorcycle, a bus, or the like. The electric vehicle is used as an example. The electric vehicle includes a power supply 300 and a connector 200. The power supply 300 may be a battery pack in the electric vehicle. The interrupter 10 is electrically connected between the connector 200 and the power supply 300. When a circuit system in the electric vehicle is faulty, the interrupter 10 is disconnected to disconnect a current.

[0120] The foregoing embodiments are merely intended for describing the technical solutions of this application, but not for limiting this application. Although this application is described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, a person of ordinary skill in the art should understand that modifications may still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or equivalent replacements may be made to some technical features thereof, without departing from the scope of the technical solutions of embodiments of this application, and these modifications and replacements shall fall within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. An interrupter, comprising: a base having an arc chute; a sealing cover, disposed at an opening of the arc chute, wherein a first channel that passes through the sealing cover exists in the sealing cover; a current-carrying busbar, wherein the current-carrying busbar is disposed in parallel with the sealing cover, the current-carrying busbar passes through the sealing cover in a direction perpendicular to the thickness direction of the sealing cover, the current-carrying busbar comprises a thinned part, and a thickness of the thinned part is less than a thickness of another part of the current-carrying busbar; a piston, wherein the piston is at least partially accommodated in the first channel, a projection of the piston in a thickness direction of the sealing cover at least partially overlaps with the thinned part, a side wall of the arc chute surrounds the piston, an annular airway is formed between the side wall and the piston, and the annular airway surrounds a periphery of the piston along a circumference of the piston; and a first flame extinguishing structure, wherein the first flame extinguishing structure comprises an internal channel, the internal channel is configured to communicate with the annular airway and external space of the first flame extinguishing structure, and the first flame extinguishing structure is located in the arc chute.

2. The interrupter according to claim 1, wherein a side wall of the first flame extinguishing structure is fitted against the side wall of the arc chute, the piston comprises one inclined end face in the thickness direction of the sealing cover, and the inclined end face is configured to be fitted against an end face that is of the first flame extinguishing structure and that faces the piston and is located between the side wall of the arc chute and the end face that is of the first flame extinguishing structure and that faces the piston.

3. The interrupter according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the base has a groove, a bottom wall of the groove is provided with a sleeve, the sleeve extends from the bottom wall of the groove to an opening direction of the groove, the sleeve encloses the arc chute, the annular airway is formed between an inner wall of the sleeve and the piston, an inner wall surface of the groove and an outer wall surface of the sleeve enclose a flame extinguishing cavity, and the flame extinguishing cavity is an annular cavity and surrounds a periphery of the arc chute.

4. The interrupter according to claim 3, wherein the sleeve has a through hole that communicates with the arc chute and the flame extinguishing cavity, the through hole passes through a side wall of the sleeve, and the first flame extinguishing structure is located in the sleeve and covers the through hole.

5. The interrupter according to claim 4, wherein the interrupter comprises a second flame extinguishing structure, the second flame extinguishing structure is located in the flame extinguishing cavity, the second flame extinguishing structure has an internal channel, and in a through direction of the through hole, a projection of at least one second flame extinguishing structure at least partially overlaps with a projection of the through hole.

6. The interrupter according to claim 5, wherein at least one second flame extinguishing structure is disposed on each of two opposite sides in a direction perpendicular to the through direction of the through hole.

7. The interrupter according to any one of claims 3 to 6, wherein a distance between the side wall of the first flame extinguishing structure and a center line of the sleeve is less than a distance between a partial inner wall of the sleeve and the center line of the sleeve, and is greater than a distance between another partial inner wall of the sleeve and the center line of the sleeve, and in a radial direction of the sleeve, a projection of the partial inner wall of the sleeve covers the side wall of the first flame extinguishing structure.

8. The interrupter according to any one of claims 3 to 7, wherein there are at least two protrusions at one end that is of the piston and that faces the first flame extinguishing structure, there is a groove between the at least two protrusions, and an outer circumferential surface of the protrusion is configured to be fitted against an inner wall surface of the sleeve.

9. The interrupter according to any one of claims 3 to 8, wherein the sealing cover has a raised eave that protrudes toward the base, the raised eave encloses an accommodation groove, one end of the sleeve is accommodated in the accommodation groove, and an inner wall of the groove, the raised eave, and the sleeve are arranged in sequence in the radial direction of the sleeve.

10. The interrupter according to any one of claims 3 to 9, wherein the base has a third channel, and the third channel communicates with the flame extinguishing cavity and external space of the base.

11. The interrupter according to claim 10, wherein there is at least one layer of filter in the third channel, and the filter has a porous structure.

12. The interrupter according to claim 10 or 11, wherein the interrupter has a third flame extinguishing structure; and the third flame extinguishing structure is located in the third channel, and / or the third flame extinguishing structure is located in the flame extinguishing cavity and covers a port that is of the third channel and that faces the flame extinguishing cavity.

13. The interrupter according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein there are at least two arc chutes, the at least two arc chutes are spaced apart, there are at least two first channels, which communicate with the arc chutes in a one-to-one matching manner, and there are at least two pistons, which are accommodated in the first channels in a one-to-one matching manner.

14. A power distribution device, comprising a connector and the interrupter according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the connector is configured to be electrically connected to a power supply, and the interrupter is electrically connected between the connector and the power supply.

15. A vehicle, comprising a power supply and the power distribution device according to claim 14, wherein the power supply is electrically connected to the power distribution device, and the interrupter is electrically connected between the connector and the power supply.

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