System and method of heat recuperation from the waste water, mainly from the waste water from washing

Abstract

The drain of the washing device (4) is connected with the inlet of the first branch (2) of the heat exchanger (1). The outlet of the first branch (2) of the heat exchanger (1) is connected with the waste piping, for example, it can lead to the drain element (5), and the water supply to the washing device (4) runs through the second branch (3) of the heat exchanger (1) where the cold water is heated up in the direction opposite to the direction of the warm waste water. The outlet of the second branch (3) of the heat exchanger (1) is connected to the inlet of the heater (6) or it is connected to the mixing faucet of the washing device (4). The system includes filtration element (8) placed before the first branch (2) of the heat exchanger (1) and also a pump (7). The system has a first zone (9) for inflow of the waste water to the first branch (2) of the heat exchanger (1) and the second zone (10) for the inflow of the waste water to the waste pipe. The second zone (10) is separated from the first zone (9) by a partition to heighten the waste water level in the first zone (9).

Description

[0001] System and method of heat recuperation from the waste water, mainly from the waste water from washing

[0002] Field of technology

[0003] The invention concerns a system which gathers heat from waste water, mainly waste water from the drain in sink and / or bathtub and / or shower. The invention allows to warm up the water by heat gathered exactly from the outgoing water without the need for accumulation, and it can be use with already installed washing devices.

[0004] Prior state of the art

[0005] In order to recuperate (recover) the heat from the waste water or from domestic warm water (DWW), respectively, the solutions with accumulation of waste water in collectors (accumulators) are known, where the exchanger takes away a heat and warms up a clean water with it, whereby the water is accumulated for the later consumption. Such systems require relatively large and voluminous accumulators, retention vessels and complicated connections. When washing in home, the commonly polluted waste water goes out continuously into the sewage system, whereby it is relatively quickly cooled in spacious sewage pipes.

[0006] Publication DE 2931740A1 discloses central collection of the waste water from the whole house where in the retention vessel the heat is taken out from the waste water. Such solution requires costly and large installations and had not been put into practice. Systems pursuant to CN20314810, CN105910156 collect the waste water from multiple washing devices and subsequently transfer the heat into the cold water by means of a heat pump, which, however, increases the costs of installation and operation. System pursuant to DE3006119 uses accumulation element, which places, however, large demands on available space.

[0007] Similarly, the other known solutions and inventions, such as GB2060864, DE3348006, DE3301393, JP3632306, JP2002162112, DE3105387, WO2019140495, are complicated, require large space for installation and cannot be used with existing washing devices.

[0008] System pursuant to SE1750682 slows down the flow of waste water so that the heat exchange is possible without water accumulation, which partially solves some problems, but the solution has limited possibilities of use and low efficiency.

[0009] Publication WO2014036583A1 discloses a system with a pump which sucks up the waste water from the sink drain and pushes the waste water through the heat exchanger into the waste pipe. The pump allows to decrease the dimensions of multiple components of the system, mainly heat exchanger, but it increases the demands on filtration of the waste water. The system with a single drain where all the waste water flows through the heat exchanger, is not reliable. When the filter or heat exchanger is clogged, the waste water cannot flow out of the sink.

[0010] A simple system of recuperation is required and not known, which could be used in cooperation with existing sanitary objects and which could efficiently use the heat otherwise flow away with the water into the waste pipes. The system should work with the waste water before it is mixed with fecal water and should not require building of large reservoirs or other costly devices.

[0011] Essence of the invention

[0012] The abovementioned deficiencies are significantly remedied by the system of heat recuperation from the waste water, mainly from waste water from washing devices, which includes water distribution, heat exchanger with two opposite branches and a pump, where the drain of the washing device is connected with the first branch of the heat exchanger, the output of the first branch of heat exchanger is connected with the waste pipe and the water inlet to the washing device runs through the second branch of the heat exchanger, whereby the pump is connected in the first branch of the heat exchanger, according to this invention, whose essence lies in the fact that the drain of the washing device or the drain element, for example, a siphon or an entry neck of the siphon, has two zones, whereby the waste water flows, as a priority, to the first zone directly from washing, and into the second zone a waste water flows by height drop after the first zone is filled up. The height drop basically defines the level of the water in the first zone. The first and second zone are mutually arranged and hydraulically connected in such a way that the waste water firstly flows into the first zone and only after eventual filling up of the first zone the waste water flows into the second zone.

[0013] This achieves the continuous flow of the waste water in the first branch of the heat exchanger, whereby the waste water freely flows into the waste pipe if for any reason the waste water does not flow through the first branch with the desired flow - that is, flow which corresponds to the flow of the water into the washing device drain. The produced increased level of the waste water in the first zone creates conditions for reliable supply of the waste water into the pump connected in the first zone. In the washing device, for example, at the bottom of the bath or at least in the drain element of the washing device (in siphon) a heightened level of waste water is produced, with the fall into the second zone and subsequently to the waste pipe. The term “washing device” or “washing object” discloses any sanitary or similar device, usually a sink, a bathtub, a show, and so on. An important feature of the proposed invention is the direct connection of the water flowing to the washing device into the branch of the heat exchanger. That means that the water currently led to the washing device is warmed by the heat taken from the outflowing waste water. A heat exchanger with any form of heating can be part of the system; it can be an electric direct-heating heater, electric storage heater, gas heater, and so on.

[0014] The “siphon” in this text denotes an element preventing the outflow of smell from the sewage pipe by means of a water level which forms a smell cap. Usually, the siphon is produced as a bent pipe which holds the water.

[0015] In case the heater is not reservoir heater, it is preferable if the water flowing to the washing device from the output of the branch of the heat exchanger enters the heater, whose performance is regulated pursuant to set output temperature. In such case the heater, for example electric heater, warms the incoming, already pre-warmed water to the desired temperature. Thanks to this connection the consumption of the heater decreases significantly, since after the first heating of the cold water at the beginning of the washing the heater warms the water pre-warmed in the heat exchanger.

[0016] In case the exchanger is reservoir-type, a connection can be used where the outflowing waste water heats the cold water flowing to the washing device. In such case the mixing faucet uses less warm water from the heater, since at the inlet of the cold water this water has a temperature that is higher than that of the cold water before the heat exchanger.

[0017] It is also preferable if the mixing battery from the washing device is equipped by thermostatic element for free regulation of the ratio of warm and cold water which adjusts the temperature of the water flowing out of the battery.

[0018] Preferably, a plate heat exchanger will be used as a heat exchanger, since this has sufficient heat performance even at relatively small dimensions. In order to prevent its clogging by the impurities from the waste water in the first branch, the drain of the washing device will be equipped by the filtration element such as strainer, filter insert, and so on. The use of the plate heat exchanger brings about the advantage of small dimensions with high transferred heat performance. The disadvantage of the plate exchangers is the relatively small cross-section of individual flow channels between the plates, but the connection of the pump in the first branch reliably compensates for this disadvantage. The plate exchanger is preferably placed in such a way that the flow channels are oriented basically horizontally, thanks to which the remaining water stays in them after the pump is stopped, and the water serves as a smell cap against undesired spread of the smell from the waste piping through the heat exchanger.

[0019] In order to direction the inflow of the waste water into the first zone of the drain, an arrangement can be used where there is a partition at the bottom of the washing device, which lifts the level of the waste water and this is subsequently directed for inflow into the first zone. The waste water penetrates the second zone only after overcoming the water level through the partition. Such arrangement can be combined with the creation of the second opening at the bottom of the washing device, or partition within the drain element.

[0020] The first zone can be equipped by a filtration element, preferably, for example, removable strainer. In case of clogging this filtration element the level in the first zone raises enough for the water to flow over the partition, through the height drop and outflows to the waste piping. It is preferable if the filtration element is placed in such a way that the water flowing from the first zone to the second zone carries impurities from the surface of the filtration element and this by itself cleans the filtration element. Preferably, this effect can be achieved in such a way that the filtration element is placed by the upper edge of the partition or just below the upper edge of the partition and the clogging of the filtration element causes the outflow of the waste water into the second zone, whereby the waste water during this movement will pull the impurities from the surface of the filtration element, too. In some arrangements, the filtration element can have a form of a cyclone impurities separator.

[0021] The first zone of the waste element is designed to capture the warm waste water and to direction it to the first branch of the heat exchanger. This inflow of the water to the first branch of the heat exchanger can be free, that is, gravitational, propelled by the water level in the first zone of the drain element, but in solution according to this invention it is supplied by the pump which can be preferably equipped by the impurities shredder so that eventual impurities decrease in size to such a degree that they do not get stuck in the cavities of the heat exchanger. The pump can have its own float sensor or optical switch or contactless sensor to sense the level at the entry pipe or in the first zone, whereby the sensor or switch reacts to the filling of the pump with the inflowing waste water. After the washing is over and the flow of the waste water stops, the pump is automatically turned off. In some applications it can be preferable if the pump is propelled by safe electric voltage, for example by DC adapter of 12V or 24V, so that the safety of connection is increased without the need for its own surge protector. An accumulator propulsion of the pump can be used, too, for example when used

[0022] First zone can be equipped by retention vessel, which ensures inertia and continuity of the flow rate in the flow in the first branch of the heat exchanger during common deviations in the inflow of the waste water. The retention vessel can have a volume that is less than 1 liter. The size of the retention vessel will be suitably chosen pursuant to the flow rate in the pump and the speed of the reaction to the deviations in the flow rate of the inflowing waste water. A bottom of the washing device can be used for retention, too, in such a way that the partition which separates the second zone raises the level of the waste water at the bottom.

[0023] The outflow of the waste water from the first branch of the heat exchanger can lead into the second zone of the drain element, mainly below the waste water level in the first zone. Subsequently, the waste water can run through the siphon, the water cap, into the waste pipe. In another arrangement the outflow of the waste water from the first branch of the heat exchanger leads directly to the waste pipe or directly to the sewage pipe, which can produce larger difference in the levels between the first zone and the outlet of the first branch of the heat exchanger to the waste pipe. The leading of the outflow of the waste water from the first branch of the heat exchanger outside the drain element brings about such an advantage that the cooled waste water in the second zone no longer cools the warm waste water in the first zone through the walls of the drain element. In general, it will be possible to connect the outlet of the first branch of the heat exchanger to the drain element, preferably to the second zone of the drain element. The first zone of the drain element is designed to divert the waste water to the first zone of the heat exchanger; the second zone will be designed for typical way of the waste water through the water cap to the waste or sewage pipe, respectively.

[0024] The advantage of the proposed invention is the diversion of the waste water already in the place of outflow, that is, before the siphon or in the siphon. The solutions known in the prior art which remove the waste water beyond the siphon have a lower energy efficiency. The waste water beyond the siphon is already cooled; first, it is cooled by mixing with the waste water which creates the smell cap, and then it is cooled by the siphon’s sheath. The proposed invention removes the waste water before the siphon or within the siphon. It is also preferably of the flow cross-section from the drain element increases in size in the direction of the outflowing waste water, are at least it does not decrease in size. This diminishes the risk of clogging. Together, it is preferable if the flow cross-sections by which the waste water flows into the first zone, or, eventually from the first zone towards the waste pipe, too, gradually increase in size, or at least does not decrease, respectively. Then it is probable that the impurities which reach the beginning of the first zone or the second zone flow through all the subsequent parts of piping. It is also preferable if the surface of the filtration element is at least 1,5 times, especially preferably at least 3 times larger than the surface of the smallest flow cross-section of the first zone.

[0025] In one aspect of the invention the first and second zone are produced within a drain element and at the same time the height drop between the first and second zone is part of the siphon. The drain element in this arrangement includes a first zone, a second zone and also a smell cap (siphon), on the outflow to the second zone. It is preferable if the drain element is produced in such a way that the filtration element can be manually cleaned and eventually removed from above.

[0026] The risk of smell penetration after the connection of the first branch of the heat exchanger outside the siphon is low, since with sufficiently ventilated waste pipe the pressure loss in the first branch of the heat exchanger for the eventual backflow of gases is so large that there is no free penetration of smells. In order to prevent backflow in the first branch of the heat exchanger, a one-way shutter, a one-way valve or similar element can be connected in this branch.

[0027] The system functions even without the connection of the heater in the system on condition that at the beginning of washing warm water is used, for example, heated up from another source - a kettle and so on. Subsequently, the difference in temperatures in the first and second zone of the heat exchanger leads to heating of freshly incoming water. It follows from this that the system according to this invention requires heating of the water basically only at the beginning of the process of washing, later the heat is obtained mainly from the leaving waste water and this heat is continuously returned into the process of washing. If the temperature of the warm water entering the washing is less than 38°C, it is warmed up by the bodily heat which is also made use of in the system according to this invention, since the later added heat is subsequently in the heat exchanger transferred to the cold water entering the second branch of the heat exchanger.

[0028] In order to simplify the installation, the drain element, the heat exchanger and preferably the pump, too, are integrated into a single whole. The installation to the existing washing device in such case will consists of change of original drain element (siphon) for the new one, and connection of the inlet and outlet of the second branch.

[0029] The system will be applied in construction and installation of new washing devices such as sinks, showers and so on, where it can be suitably and covertly placed below the bath in the shower, or into the screen, and so on. The system can be installed to already mounted washing devices, too, for example below the sink, and so on. A set which includes the drain element with the partition to separate the first and second zone, the heat exchanger, respective pipage and electric pump - preferably with safe voltage, so that the installation will not require review check of the connection -, will be preferably used.

[0030] During the operation of the system with a heavily polluted waste water, for example in hair salon, a connection proved preferable which includes a mean for backflow of the waste water through filtration element. The use of the filtration element decreases the risk of clogging of the pump and the heat exchanger, but the filtration element itself can be clogged, whereby the waste water then flows to the second zone. The impurities can be carried to the second zone by means of the waste water flowing onto the surface of the filtration element from the side of the sanitary device’s drain, but a backflow of the waste water or flow of other water through the filtration element can be preferably used to clean the filtration element. The waste water can for a short time flow in the direction from the pump to the first zone, which washes away the impurities from the filtration element to the second zone, and from there the impurities flow to the waste piping.

[0031] In another arrangement the waste water can flow in the backflow by means of pressure reservoir from which the pump firstly pushes the waste water during its pumping to the heat exchanger, and after the pump stops the waste water from the pressure reservoir returns to the filtration element which ensures the cleaning of said element.

[0032] In another arrangement the system can be equipped by connection of the first branch with the water inlet, which allows to inject the clean water to the first zone in a direction opposite to the inflow of the waste water to the heat exchanger. The connection can include, for example, push button valve, which after its activation allows to flow the set amount of clean water to the first zone, preferable directly to the chamber with the filtration element.

[0033] The mean for waste water backflow and / or water backflow can be controlled in such a way that cleaning takes place after each washing cycle, or it can be controlled manually by personnel. The mean for backflow, that is, for example, reversible pump or pressurized cold- water inflow, can be used to wash the cyclone separator, too, if it is the part of the filtration element.

[0034] The advantage of the system is its simple construction, whose return is low and which can be applied to various washing devices. The thermal energy saving is more than 75%, depending on the regime and length of washing.

[0035] The abovementioned deficiencies in the prior art are significantly remedied by the method of recuperation of the heat from the waste water, too, mainly waste water form washing, where the waste water flows through the heat exchanger in which it transmits heat opposite to the directed cold water, according to this invention, whose essence lies in the fact that the waste water is gathered in the first zone by the bottom of the washing device, it flows through the heat exchanger and enters the drain element or directly the waste piping, whereby in the heat exchanger the cold water is warmed, it subsequently proceeds to the mixing faucet and flows into the washing device. The method is characterized by the fact that the flow of the waste water in the heat exchanger is propelled by the pump. One of the steps in this invention can be the cleaning of the filtration element by a backflow of the waste water or by inflow of the pressurized cold water. The method according to this invention is simple and direct, with small heat losses. The main advantage is its energy efficiency with long-term reliability.

[0036] Description of drawings

[0037] The invention is further disclosed by means of drawings 1 to 7. The depicted shape and size of the washing devices as well as the depicted shape of the drain element are for illustration purposes only and cannot be interpreted as limiting the scope of protection. The lightning-shaped arrow denotes electric voltage supply, for example single-phase voltage 220-240V. The water level is denoted with a triangle on figures 1 to 4.

[0038] Figure 1 schematically depicts connection where the shower has independent first and second zone, and both have their own openings on the bottom of the shower bath.

[0039] Figure 2 schematically depicts a solution where the water retention takes place on the bottom of the shower bath and the drain element includes first and second zone in a single whole.

[0040] Figure 3 depicts a scheme of additionally placed system, where the pump sucks up the waste water from the heightened water level at the bottom of the washing device.

[0041] Figure 4 is a shower equipped with a drain element in which there is an internal partition for separation of the first and the second zone.

[0042] The horizontal arrows on the right on the figures 1 to 4 depict the inflow of the cold water. The dashed vertical arrows on figures 1 to 4 depict the outflow of the waste water to the waste or sewage pipe, respectively.

[0043] Figure 5 depicts the group of sinks in a shopping center, where the first sink on the left has the original connection and remaining two sinks use system according to this invention.

[0044] Figure 6 depicts the system with the pump which ensures the flow of the waste water in both directions, that is, to the heat exchanger after recuperation and towards the filtration element in the cleaning phase.

[0045] Figure 7 discloses a system in which the supply of cold water is connected with the first zone in the drain element. A control unit into which the data from the setting of the mixing faucet enter is used to control the valve, the heater and the pump. The dotted lines denote control and data connection. Examples of realization

[0046] Example 1

[0047] System according to figure 1 is used in a newly installed shower, where the bottom of the bath of the shower has two openings. One opening is designed for standard drain element 5 with water cap to prevent the spread of smells from sewage. The edge of the drain element 5 is heightened compared to the bottom of the bath so that the waste water level is heightened, thanks to which it flows, as a priority, to the first zone 9 which has an independent opening at the bottom of the shower’s bath. A removable filtration element 8 is placed directly in the opening of the first zone 9; in this example, the filtration element 8 is formed by two circles with openings placed one after another. The first zone 9 is connected by a hose to the pump 7 which sucks the waste water and pushes it to the opening of the first branch 2 of the heat exchanger 1 which is placed below the shower’s bath. The outlet from the first branch 2 of the heat exchanger 1 is led by a hose to the drain element 5, whereby the outlet of the hose is equipped by a reverse valve.

[0048] The drain element 5 forms the second zone 10. The upper edge of the drain element 5 forms a partition through which the waste water flows in case of clogging of the filtration element 8 or in case the inflow of the water is higher than the flow through the pump 7 and the first branch 2 of the heat exchanger. In such case, the waste water penetrates the second zone 10 and enters the waste pipe.

[0049] A supply of cold water is connected to the second branch 3; the outlet of the second branch 3 is connected to the electric flow heater 6. The output from the heater 6 is connected to the hot side of the mixing faucet. When showering begins, the heater 6 heats the cold water with temperature, for example, 16°C, up to the temperature of 40°C of the hot water, which is sat as output regulated temperature of the heater 6. In the mixing faucet the hot water is mixed with cold in order to reach the resulting temperature, for example 34°C. Such hot waste water flows into the first zone 9 and in the heat exchanger 1 it transmits the heat to the cold water, with temperature gradient 34°C - 18°C I 16°C - 32°C. A water with temperature of 32°C flows out of the second branch 3 and enters the heater 6, where it is heated up to 40°C. The energy savings is ca. 66%.

[0050] Example 2

[0051] In this example according to figure 2, a connection is used in the same way as in the previous example, except that the bottom of the shower’s bath has a single opening and inside it is the drain element 5 which creates the heightened water level on the bottom of the bath and separates the first zone 9 from the second zone 10. The second zone 10 has a small vessel with the filtration element 8 by the bottom of the vessel, from which the waste water is sucked into the pump 7. The other connections are similar compared to previous example.

[0052] Example 3

[0053] In this example according to figure 3 the system is additionally mounted in the existing shower. The pump 7 sucks the waste water upwards from the heightened water level by the end of the bath through the filtration element 8. at the outlet of the first branch 2 of the heat exchanger 1, the waste water is returned by a hose directly from above to the drain element 5. This example of realization allows to use the system without an intervention to the installed washing device 4. A conical ring is inserted into the drain element 5 from above, which lifts the edge through which the water flows into the drain element 5, which lifts the waste water level in the bath so that the sucking of the waste water into the second branch 2 is possible.

[0054] The system according to this example can be used in case of the washing device 4 without the standard drain element 5, too, whereby the pumped waste water is released to the waste pump or to the collecting vessel.

[0055] Example 4

[0056] In this example according to figure 4, the system is used in connection with a common shower (or shower cabinet), where on the bath of the shower the common drain element is changed for the drain element 5 according to this invention. The drain element 5 has two zones which are arranged concentrically in this example. The outer circular part is the first zone 9 into which the just used warm waste water flows on its circumference; the waste water has higher temperature than the supply of the cold water. A perforated ring is in the first zone 9; the ring forms a filtration element 8 whereby it is placed just below the drop of the water from the first zone 9 to the second zone 10. The drop is formed by longitudinal openings in the central socket, whereby the upper part of the socket is closed by a removable bonnet which diverts the waste water to the first zone 9 in case this does not flow only by the edges of the first zone 9, but pours or gushes onto the middle of the drain element 5, too.

[0057] The first zone 9 includes a retention vessel with volume ca. 0,25 liters, where the flowing waste water temporarily accumulates. A hose leads the waste water from the retention vessel through the pump 7 to the inlet of the first branch 2 of the plate heat exchanger 1. The outlet of the first branch 2 of the heat exchanger 1 in this example leads into the socket in the second zone 10 through a one-way valve and subsequently the waste water follows through the water cap into the waste pipe in the standard way. In another arrangement, the outlet of the second branch 3 can lead significantly more below the waste pipe which forms a height drop which ensures the gravitational movement of the waste water without the need to use the pump 7.

[0058] Example 5

[0059] In this example according to figure 5, the system is subsequently mounted to the sinks in the shopping center. A heat exchanger 1 with a pump 7 propelled by a 24 V adapter are mounted below the second and third sink. The pump 7 is inserted into the drain element 5 and it directly sucks the waste water from the first zone 9. The entry to the first branch 2 of the heat exchanger 1 is formed directly by the outlet from the pump 7. At the inlet of the pump 7 there is a float switch, and after being filled up with water the pump 7 is automatically turned on. The float also forms a valve against the spread of smell in the direction from the waste pipe through the heat exchanger 1 upwards to the washing device 4.

[0060] The mouth of the outlet of the first branch 2 is produced in a plastic body of the drain element 5. The cold-water supply is connected to the inlet of the second branch 3. The outlet of the second branch 3 is led to the mixing faucet of the washing device 4, in this example in form of a common sink. The outlet of the second branch 3 is led to the cold side of the mixing faucet, which simplifies the installation of the device 4 to the existing structure. A hot water from the reservoir heater 6 - which is central for all the washing devices 4 of the shopping center - is led to the hot side of the mixing faucet by the existing connection.

[0061] In another arrangement the system can include one control unit 12 which controls the recuperation (mainly pumps 7) with several sinks in a single building. The control unit 12 also sends data concerning the energy saving to the supervising system of the building control.

[0062] Example 6

[0063] The drain element 5 according to the figure 6 produces a first zone 9 and a second zone 10 in a single body. The height drop between the first zone 9 and the second zone 10 have a form of the cylindrical aperture and together with the conical shed they create a water smell cap (siphon). A filtration element 8 is in the circular sheath of the first zone 9.

[0064] The pump 7 in this example is reversible. During recuperation of the heat during washing, the pump 7 sucks the water from the first zone 9 which got rid of thick impurities on the filtration element 8 and it pushes the waste water to the heat exchanger 1. From there the waste water flows into the waste pipe beyond the drain element 5. In the scheme in this example, a one-way valve is depicted, which serves as further obstacle to the transition of the smell through the first branch 2. In the scheme, an accumulation vessel to ensure the sufficient amount of water for backflow used to clean the filtration element 8 is depicted. This accumulation vessel can be formed by the piping itself and inner volume of the pump 7. For the purposes of efficient cleaning of the filtration element 8 after each washing cycle, it suffices to use less than 0,5 I of the waste water. The purpose of the reverse washing is to wash the freshly collected impurities into the second zone 10, from which the impurities leave into the sewage.

[0065] Example 7

[0066] At the inlet of the cold water, before its entry to the heater 6, there is a branch and a valve 11 which has manual and electric control. The water is led to the first zone 9 from this branch through the valve 11. The control unit opens the valve 11 in the set intervals and pursuant to the expected level of pollution of the filtration element 8 and releases the water to the first zone 9. The water is led to the filtration element 8 in such a way that it flows oppositely as in the case of flow of the waste water to the heat exchanger 1. The water rips the impurities from the filtration element 8 and carries them to the second zone 10 and subsequently to the waste pipe.

[0067] The level of pollution of the filtration element 8 can be indirectly determined from the course of pump 7 load, or other sensor can be used. The control unit 12 controls simultaneously the pump 7 and the electric heater 6. The data from the temperature and pressure sensors enter the control unit 12. Control unit 12 can count the amount of the energy savings on the basis of these operational parameters. In another arrangement, the heater 6 can be part of a single whole with the heat exchanger 1 , pump 7 and filtration element 8. The control unit 12 has a single display visible from the outside on the outer body, which signals the water consumption and other statistical data.

[0068] In this example according to figure 7, the valve 11 can be controlled manually, too, so that the personnel could freely start the filtration element 8 cleaning regime during operation. The control of the heater 6 based on the recuperation effect and the control’s position on the water faucet brings about a synergic effect of increased efficiency.

[0069] Industrial applicability

[0070] The industrial applicability is obvious. According to this invention it is possible to repeatedly produce and use the system of heat recuperation from the waste water, mainly from the waste water from washing, which various washing devices. List of symbols

[0071] 1 - heat exchanger

[0072] 2 - first branch

[0073] 3 - second branch 4 - washing device

[0074] 5 - drain element

[0075] 6 - heater

[0076] 7 - pump

[0077] 8 - filtration element 9 - first zone

[0078] 10 - second zone

[0079] 11 - valve

[0080] 12 - control unit M - engine

Claims

PA TE N T C LA I M S1. A system for a recuperation of a heat from a waste water, mainly the waste water from washing, which includes a water piping and it includes a heat exchanger (1) which has a first branch (2) and an oppositely oriented second branch (3), where a drain of a washing device (4) is connected with an inlet of the first branch (2) of the heat exchanger (1); the outlet of the first branch (2) of the heat exchanger (1) is connected with a waste pipe and a water supply to the washing device (4) runs through the second branch (3) of the heat exchanger (1), and where the system includes a pump (7) for flowing of the waste water through the first branch (2) of the heat exchanger (1), is characterized by the fact, that the washing device (4) or a drain element (5) includes a first zone (9) for an inflow of the waste water to the first branch (2) of the heat exchanger (1) and it includes a second zone (10) for the inflow of the waste water to the waste pipe, whereby the first zone (9) and the second zone (10) are mutually arranged for inflow of the waste water firstly into the first zone (9); between the first zone (9) and the second zone (10) there is a height drop for overflowing of the waste water into the second zone (10) after the first zone (9) is filled up.

2. The system for the recuperation of the heat from the waste water, mainly from the waste water from the washing, according to the claim 1 is characterized by the fact, that it includes a filtration element (8) placed before the first branch (2) of the heat exchanger (1); preferably the filtration element (8) is in the first zone (9).

3. The system for the recuperation of the heat from the waste water, mainly from the waste water from the washing, according to the claim 2 is characterized by the fact, that it includes a mean for a backflow of the waste water through the filtration element (8), preferably the pump (7) is reversible.

4. The system for the recuperation of the heat from the waste water, mainly from the waste water from the washing, according to the claim 2 or 3 is characterized by the fact, that it includes a valve (11) for the inflow of the water to the filtration element (8) in a direction opposite to the direction in which the waste water flows form the first zone (9) to the heat exchanger (1).

5. The system for the recuperation of the heat from the waste water, mainly from the waste water from the washing, according any of the claims 1 to4 is characterized by the fact, that the washing device (4) is a sink and / or a shower and / or a bathtub.

6. The system for the recuperation of the heat from the waste water, mainly from the waste water from the washing, according any of the claims 1 to5 is characterized by the fact, that it includes a heater (6).

7. The system for the recuperation of the heat from the waste water, mainly from the waste water from the washing, according to the claim 6 is characterized by the fact, that the outlet of the second branch (3) of the heat exchanger (1) is connected to the inlet of the heater (6).

8. The system for the recuperation of the heat from the waste water, mainly from the waste water from the washing, according any of the claims 1 to6 is characterized by the fact, that the outlet of the second branch (3) of the heat exchanger (1) is connected to a mixing faucet of the washing device (4), preferably to a cold side of the mixing faucet.

9. The system for the recuperation of the heat from the waste water, mainly from the waste water from the washing, according any of the claims 1 to8 is characterized by the fact, that the heater (6) has a regulation for a control of a temperature of the outflowing water.

10. The system for the recuperation of the heat from the waste water, mainly from the waste water from the washing, according any of the claims 1 to9 is characterized by the fact, that the heat exchanger (1) is a plate heat exchanger.

11. The system for the recuperation of the heat from the waste water, mainly from the waste water from the washing, according any of the claims 1 to 10 is characterized by the fact, that the pump (7) has an automatic switch to active the pump (7) when it is filled with the water.

12. The system for the recuperation of the heat from the waste water, mainly from the waste water from the washing, according any of the claims 1 to 11 is characterized by the fact, that the second zone (10) is separated from the first zone (9) by a partition to raise a waste water level in the first zone (9).

13. The system for the recuperation of the heat from the waste water, mainly from the waste water from the washing, according any of the claims 1 to12 is characterized by the fact, that the outlet of the waste water from the second branch (3) of the heat exchanger (1) is equipped by a one-way valve.

14. The system for the recuperation of the heat from the waste water, mainly from the waste water from the washing, according any of the claims 1 to 13 is characterized by the fact, that it includes the drain element (5) which has the first zone (9), thesecond zone (10) and a water smell cap, preferably it has the filtration element (8), too, which is removably placed in the first zone (9.)15. The system for the recuperation of the heat from the waste water, mainly from the waste water from the washing, according any of the claims 1 to 14 is characterized by the fact, that the drain element (5) is connected with the pump (7) and the heat exchanger (1) to a single whole.

16. The system for the recuperation of the heat from the waste water, mainly from the waste water from the washing, according any of the claims 1 to 15 is characterized by the fact, that it includes a control unit (12) connected with at least one sensor; preferably the control unit (12) is connected with the heater (6) and the pump (7).

17. The system for the recuperation of the heat from the waste water, mainly from the waste water from the washing, according to the claim 16 is characterized by the fact, that the control unit (12) is connected with a display element.

18. The system for the recuperation of the heat from the waste water, mainly from the waste water from the washing, according to the claim 16 or 17 is characterized by the fact, that the single control unit (12) is designed for control of multiple pumps (7) connected with multiple heat exchangers (1).

19. A method of the recuperation of the heat from the waste water, mainly from the waste water from the washing, where the waste water flows through the heat exchanger (1) in which the heat is transmitted to the cold water flowing in the opposite direction, in the system according to any of the claims 1 to 16, is characterized by the fact, that the waste water is gathered in the first zone (9) by a bottom of the washing device (4), it flows with a help of the pump (7) through the heat exchanger (1) and enters the drain element (5), or it flows directly into the waste pipe, whereby the cold water is heated up in the heat exchanger (1) and subsequently continuous to the mixing faucet and flows out into the washing device (4).

20. The method of the recuperation of the heat from the waste water, mainly from the waste water from the washing, according to the claim 19 is characterized by the fact, that at least in some washing cycle the filtration element (8) is cleaned by means of the waste water which flows in the direction opposite to the direction of the waste water’s flow into the heat exchanger (1).

21. The method of the recuperation of the heat from the waste water, mainly from the waste water from the washing, according to the claim 19 or 20 is characterized by the fact, that at least in some washing cycle the filtration element (8) is cleaned by means of the cold water released through the valve (11) to the filtration element (8).

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