Sensing task assignment to ue
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- EP · EP
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- LENOVO (BEIJING) LTD
- Filing Date
- 2023-07-31
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-10
Smart Images

Figure 1.1
Abstract
Description
SENSING TASK ASSIGNMENT TO UETECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present disclosure relates to wireless communications, and more specifically to apparatuses, methods, and computer readable medium for sensing task assignment to a user equipment (UE) .BACKGROUND
[0002] A wireless communications system may include one or multiple network communication devices, such as base stations, which may be otherwise known as an eNodeB (eNB) , a next-generation NodeB (gNB) , or other suitable terminology. Each network communication devices, such as a base station may support wireless communications for one or multiple user communication devices, which may be otherwise known as user equipment (UE) , or other suitable terminology. The wireless communications system may support wireless communications with one or multiple user communication devices by utilizing resources of the wireless communication system (e.g., time resources (e.g., symbols, slots, subframes, frames, or the like) or frequency resources (e.g., subcarriers, carriers) . Additionally, the wireless communications system may support wireless communications across various radio access technologies including third generation (3G) radio access technology, fourth generation (4G) radio access technology, fifth generation (5G) radio access technology, among other suitable radio access technologies beyond 5G (e.g., sixth generation (6G)) .
[0003] Wireless sensing technologies aim at acquiring information about a remote object or its environment and its characteristics without physically contacting it. There are some investigations and solutions about how communication technologies (e.g., long term evolution (LTE) , new radio (NR) , wireless local area network (WLAN) , and so on) can be utilized for sensing. Enhancing the cellular wireless communication systems by incorporating the wireless sensing technologies is discussed by third generation partnership project (3GPP) . However, how to improve the sensing task assignment to the UE still needs to be studied.SUMMARY
[0004] The present disclosure relates to apparatuses and methods for sensing task assignment to a UE. The apparatuses and methods may improve the sensing task assignment to the UE by taking into account of the sensing capability information associated with a connection status or an energy status of the UE.
[0005] Some implementations of a first apparatus described herein may include: at least one memory; and at least one processor coupled with the at least one memory and configured to cause the first apparatus to: obtain a first status of a user equipment (UE) , the first status of the UE comprising a connection status of the UE or an energy status of the UE; and determine, based at least on the first status of the UE, first sensing capability information of the UE for assignment of a sensing task to the UE.
[0006] In some implementations of the first apparatus, the first apparatus obtaining the first status of the UE includes: receiving a sensing message from a second apparatus; providing, based on the sensing message, a request for the first status to the second apparatus, a third apparatus or the UE; and obtaining, from the second apparatus, the third apparatus or the UE, a response comprising the first status.
[0007] In some implementations of the first apparatus, the request indicates whether a connection management (CM) state of the UE or a radio resource control (RRC) connection status of the UE is requested.
[0008] In some implementations of the first apparatus, the request indicates the second apparatus, the third apparatus or the UE to provide the updated first status based on update of the first status.
[0009] In some implementations of the first apparatus, the sensing message further comprises a first set of statuses of the UE and a second set of sensing capability information of the UE, each of the sensing capability information is associated with one of the statues, and the first set of statuses comprises a set of connection statuses of the UE or a set of energy statuses of the UE; and wherein the first apparatus determining the first sensing capability information includes: determining the first sensing capability information based on the first status, the first set of statuses and the second set of sensing capability information.
[0010] In some implementations of the first apparatus, the second set of sensing capability information comprises one of the following: at least one indicator, each of the at least one indicator indicating whether the UE supports sensing in one of the statuses, at least one sensing capability parameter, at least one index of at least one sensing capability parameter set, or at least one index of at least one sensing capability.
[0011] In some implementations of the first apparatus, the connection status of the UE comprises a connection management (CM) state of the UE or a radio resource control (RRC) connection status of the UE, and the energy status of the UE comprises a battery level of the UE or a power mode of the UE.
[0012] In some implementations of the first apparatus, the first apparatus comprises a sensing function (SF) , the second apparatus comprises an access and mobility management function (AMF) and the third apparatus comprises a network data analytics function (NWDAF) .
[0013] Some implementations of a second apparatus described herein may include: at least one memory; and at least one processor coupled with the at least one memory and configured to cause the second apparatus to: receive a first message; determine, based on the first message, to provide a first status of the UE to a first apparatus, the first status of the UE comprising a connection status of the UE or an energy status of the UE; and provide the first status of the UE to the first apparatus for assignment of a sensing task to the UE.
[0014] In some implementations of the second apparatus, the second apparatus receiving the first message includes: receiving a sensing message from the UE.
[0015] In some implementations of the second apparatus, the second apparatus receiving the first message includes: receiving a request for the first status from the first apparatus.
[0016] In some implementations of the second apparatus, the second apparatus receiving the first message includes: receiving an indication from the UE, the indication indicating the second apparatus to provide the first status of the UE to the first apparatus.
[0017] In some implementations of the second apparatus, the request indicates whether a connection management (CM) state of the UE or a radio resource control (RRC) connection status of the UE is requested.
[0018] In some implementations of the second apparatus, the request indicates the second apparatus to provide the first status based on update of the first status; and wherein the second apparatus providing the first status of the UE to the first apparatus includes: based on determining that the first status is updated, providing the updated first status to the first apparatus.
[0019] In some implementations of the second apparatus, the sensing message further comprises a first set of statuses of the UE and a second set of sensing capability information of the UE, each of the sensing capability information is associated with one of the statues, and the first set of statuses comprises a set of connection statuses of the UE or a set of energy statuses of the UE.
[0020] In some implementations of the second apparatus, the second set of sensing capability information comprises one of the following: at least one indicator, each of the at least one indicator indicating whether the UE supports sensing in one of the statuses, at least one sensing capability parameter, at least one index of the at least one sensing capability parameter, or at least one index of at least one sensing capability.
[0021] In some implementations of the second apparatus, the connection status of the UE comprises a connection management (CM) state of the UE or a radio resource control (RRC) connection status of the UE, and the energy status of the UE comprises a battery level of the UE or a power mode of the UE.
[0022] In some implementations of the second apparatus, the first apparatus comprises a sensing function (SF) and the second apparatus comprises an access and mobility management function (AMF) .
[0023] Some implementations of a method described herein may include: obtaining a first status of a user equipment (UE) , the first status of the UE comprising a connection status of the UE or an energy status of the UE; and determining, based at least on the first status of the UE, first sensing capability information of the UE for assignment of a sensing task to the UE.
[0024] Some implementations of a method described herein may include: receiving a first message; determining, based on the first message, to provide a first status of the UE to a first apparatus, the first status of the UE comprising a connection status of the UE or an energy status of the UE; and providing the first status of the UE to the first apparatus for assignment of a sensing task to the UE.
[0025] It is to be understood that the summary section is not intended to identify key or essential features of embodiments of the present disclosure, nor is it intended to be used to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Other features of the present disclosure will become easily comprehensible through the following description.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0026] Fig. 1A illustrates an example of a wireless communications system that supports sensing task assignment to a UE in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure;
[0027] Fig. 1B illustrates a schematic diagram of a wireless network architecture with sensing function in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure;
[0028] Fig. 2 illustrates a flowchart of a method that supports sensing task assignment to a UE in accordance with some aspects of the present disclosure;
[0029] Figs. 3A and 3B illustrate a signaling diagram illustrating an example process that supports sensing task assignment based on the UE connection status in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure, respectively;
[0030] Figs. 4A, 4B and 4C illustrate a signaling diagram illustrating an example process that supports sensing task assignment based on the UE connection status in accordance with other aspects of the present disclosure, respectively;
[0031] Figs. 5A, 5B, 5C, 5D, 5E and 5F illustrate a signaling diagram illustrating an example process that supports sensing task assignment based on the UE energy status in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure, respectively;
[0032] Figs. 6A and 6B illustrate a signaling diagram illustrating an example process that supports sensing task assignment based on the UE energy status in accordance with other aspects of the present disclosure, respectively;
[0033] Fig. 7 illustrates an example of a device that supports sensing task assignment to a UE in accordance with some aspects of the present disclosure;
[0034] Fig. 8 illustrates an example of a device that supports sensing task assignment to a UE in accordance with other aspects of the present disclosure; and
[0035] Fig. 9 illustrates a flowchart of a method that supports sensing task assignment to a UE in accordance with other aspects of the present disclosure.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0036] Principles of the present disclosure will now be described with reference to some embodiments. It is to be understood that these embodiments are described only for the purpose of illustration and help those skilled in the art to understand and implement the present disclosure, without suggesting any limitation as to the scope of the disclosure. The disclosure described herein may be implemented in various manners other than the ones described below.
[0037] In the following description and claims, unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skills in the art to which this disclosure belongs.
[0038] References in the present disclosure to “one embodiment, ” “an example embodiment, ” “an embodiment, ” “some embodiments, ” and the like indicate that the embodiment (s) described may include a particular feature, structure, or characteristic, but it is not necessary that every embodiment includes the particular feature, structure, or characteristic. Moreover, such phrases do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment (s) . Further, when a particular feature, structure, or characteristic is described in connection with an embodiment, it is submitted that it is within the knowledge of one skilled in the art to affect such feature, structure, or characteristic in connection with other embodiments whether or not explicitly described.
[0039] It shall be understood that although the terms “first” and “second” or the like may be used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another element. For example, a first element could also be termed as a second element, and similarly, a second element could also be termed as a first element, without departing from the scope of embodiments. As used herein, the term “and / or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the listed terms.
[0040] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments. As used herein, the singular forms “a” , “an” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms “comprises” , “comprising” , “has” , “having” , “includes” and / or “including” , when used herein, specify the presence of stated features, elements, and / or components etc., but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, elements, components and / or combinations thereof.
[0041] 3GPP is discussing about enhancing the cellular wireless communication systems by incorporating the wireless sensing technologies. A UE may have different sensing capabilities in different connection statuses or different energy statuses. Therefore, it is needed to study how to improve the sensing task assignment to a UE by taking into account of the sensing capability information.
[0042] In view of the above, the present disclosure provides a solution that supports sensing task assignment to a UE based on sensing capability information associated with the connection status or energy status of the UE. In this solution, a first apparatus (such as a sensing function (SF) ) obtains a first status of the UE, and the first status of the UE comprises a connection status of the UE or an energy status of the UE. In turn, based at least on the first status of the UE, the first apparatus determines first sensing capability information of the UE for assignment of a sensing task to the UE. In this way, the connection status or energy status of the UE could be taken into consideration when the first apparatus assigns a sensing task to the UE, ensuring the sensing task assignment more accurately and efficiently.
[0043] Aspects of the present disclosure are described in the context of a wireless communications system.
[0044] Fig. 1A illustrates an example of a wireless communications system 100A that supports sensing task assignment to a UE in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The wireless communications system 100A may include one or more network entities 102 (also referred to as network equipment (NE) ) , one or more terminal devices or UEs 104, a core network 106, and a packet data network 108. The wireless communications system 100A may support various radio access technologies. In some implementations, the wireless communications system 100A may be a 4G network, such as an LTE network or an LTE-advanced (LTE-A) network. In some other implementations, the wireless communications system 100A may be a 5G network, such as an NR network. In other implementations, the wireless communications system 100A may be a combination of a 4G network and a 5G network, or other suitable radio access technology including institute of electrical and electronics engineers (IEEE) 802.11 (Wi-Fi) , IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX) , IEEE 802.20. The wireless communications system 100A may support radio access technologies beyond 5G. Additionally, the wireless communications system 100A may support technologies, such as time division multiple access (TDMA) , frequency division multiple access (FDMA) , or code division multiple access (CDMA) , etc.
[0045] The network entities 102 may be dispersed throughout a geographic region to form the wireless communications system 100A. One or more of the network entities 102 described herein may be or include or may be referred to as a network node, a base station, a network element, a radio access network (RAN) node, a base transceiver station, an access point, a NodeB, an eNodeB (eNB) , a next-generation NodeB (gNB) , or other suitable terminology. A network entity 102 and a UE 104 may communicate via a communication link 110, which may be a wireless or wired connection. For example, a network entity 102 and a UE 104 may perform wireless communication (e.g., receive signaling, transmit signaling) over a Uu interface.
[0046] A network entity 102 may provide a geographic coverage area 112 for which the network entity 102 may support services (e.g., voice, video, packet data, messaging, broadcast, etc. ) for one or more UEs 104 within the geographic coverage area 112. For example, a network entity 102 and a UE 104 may support wireless communication of signals related to services (e.g., voice, video, packet data, messaging, broadcast, etc. ) according to one or multiple radio access technologies. In some implementations, a network entity 102 may be moveable, for example, a satellite associated with a non-terrestrial network. In some implementations, different geographic coverage areas 112 associated with the same or different radio access technologies may overlap, but the different geographic coverage areas 112 may be associated with different network entities 102. Information and signals described herein may be represented using any of a variety of different technologies and techniques. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips that may be referenced throughout the description may be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or particles, optical fields or particles, or any combination thereof.
[0047] The one or more UEs 104 may be dispersed throughout a geographic region of the wireless communications system 100A. A UE 104 may include or may be referred to as a mobile device, a wireless device, a remote device, a remote unit, a handheld device, or a subscriber device, or some other suitable terminology. In some implementations, the UE 104 may be referred to as a unit, a station, a terminal, or a client, among other examples. Additionally, or alternatively, the UE 104 may be referred to as an internet-of-things (IoT) device, an internet-of-everything (IoE) device, or machine-type communication (MTC) device, among other examples. In some implementations, a UE 104 may be stationary in the wireless communications system 100A. In some other implementations, a UE 104 may be mobile in the wireless communications system 100A.
[0048] The one or more UEs 104 may be devices in different forms or having different capabilities. Some examples of UEs 104 are illustrated in Fig. 1A. A UE 104 may be capable of communicating with various types of devices, such as the network entities 102, other UEs 104, or network equipment (e.g., the core network 106, the packet data network 108, a relay device, an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node, or another network equipment) , as shown in Fig. 1A. Additionally, or alternatively, a UE 104 may support communication with other network entities 102 or UEs 104, which may act as relays in the wireless communications system 100A.
[0049] A UE 104 may also be able to support wireless communication directly with other UEs 104 over a communication link 114. For example, a UE 104 may support wireless communication directly with another UE 104 over a device-to-device (D2D) communication link. In some implementations, such as vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) deployments, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) deployments, or cellular-V2X deployments, the communication link 114 may be referred to as a sidelink. For example, a UE 104 may support wireless communication directly with another UE 104 over a PC5 interface.
[0050] A network entity 102 may support communications with the core network 106, or with another network entity 102, or both. For example, a network entity 102 may interface with the core network 106 through one or more backhaul links 116 (e.g., via an S1, N2, N2, or another network interface) . The network entities 102 may communicate with each other over the backhaul links 116 (e.g., via an X2, Xn, or another network interface) . In some implementations, the network entities 102 may communicate with each other directly (e.g., between the network entities 102) . In some other implementations, the network entities 102 may communicate with each other or indirectly (e.g., via the core network 106) . In some implementations, one or more network entities 102 may include subcomponents, such as an access network entity, which may be an example of an access node controller (ANC) . An ANC may communicate with the one or more UEs 104 through one or more other access network transmission entities, which may be referred to as a radio heads, smart radio heads, or transmission-reception points (TRPs) .
[0051] In some implementations, a network entity 102 may be configured in a disaggregated architecture, which may be configured to utilize a protocol stack physically or logically distributed among two or more network entities 102, such as an integrated access backhaul (IAB) network, an open radio access network (O-RAN) (e.g., a network configuration sponsored by the O-RAN Alliance) , or a virtualized RAN (vRAN) (e.g., a cloud RAN (C-RAN) ) . For example, a network entity 102 may include one or more of a central unit (CU) , a distributed unit (DU) , a radio unit (RU) , a RAN intelligent controller (RIC) (e.g., a near-real time RIC (Near-RT RIC) , a non-real time RIC (Non-RT RIC)) , a service management and orchestration (SMO) system, or any combination thereof.
[0052] An RU may also be referred to as a radio head, a smart radio head, a remote radio head (RRH) , a remote radio unit (RRU) , or a transmission reception point (TRP) . One or more components of the network entities 102 in a disaggregated RAN architecture may be co-located, or one or more components of the network entities 102 may be located in distributed locations (e.g., separate physical locations) . In some implementations, one or more network entities 102 of a disaggregated RAN architecture may be implemented as virtual units (e.g., a virtual CU (VCU) , a virtual DU (VDU) , a virtual RU (VRU)) .
[0053] Split of functionality between a CU, a DU, and an RU may be flexible and may support different functionalities depending upon which functions (e.g., network layer functions, protocol layer functions, baseband functions, radio frequency functions, and any combinations thereof) are performed at a CU, a DU, or an RU. For example, a functional split of a protocol stack may be employed between a CU and a DU such that the CU may support one or more layers of the protocol stack and the DU may support one or more different layers of the protocol stack. In some implementations, the CU may host upper protocol layer (e.g., a layer 3 (L3) , a layer 2 (L2) ) functionality and signaling (e.g., radio resource control (RRC) , service data adaption protocol (SDAP) , packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) ) . The CU may be connected to one or more DUs or RUs, and the one or more DUs or RUs may host lower protocol layers, such as a layer 1 (L1) (e.g., physical (PHY) layer) or an L2 (e.g., radio link control (RLC) layer, medium access control (MAC) layer) functionality and signaling, and may each be at least partially controlled by the CU.
[0054] Additionally, or alternatively, a functional split of the protocol stack may be employed between a DU and an RU such that the DU may support one or more layers of the protocol stack and the RU may support one or more different layers of the protocol stack. The DU may support one or multiple different cells (e.g., via one or more RUs) . In some implementations, a functional split between a CU and a DU, or between a DU and an RU may be within a protocol layer (e.g., some functions for a protocol layer may be performed by one of a CU, a DU, or an RU, while other functions of the protocol layer are performed by a different one of the CU, the DU, or the RU) .
[0055] A CU may be functionally split further into CU control plane (CU-CP) and CU user plane (CU-UP) functions. A CU may be connected to one or more DUs via a midhaul communication link (e.g., F1, F1-c, F1-u) , and a DU may be connected to one or more RUs via a fronthaul communication link (e.g., open fronthaul (FH) interface) . In some implementations, a midhaul communication link or a fronthaul communication link may be implemented in accordance with an interface (e.g., a channel) between layers of a protocol stack supported by respective network entities 102 that are in communication via such communication links.
[0056] The core network 106 may support user authentication, access authorization, tracking, connectivity, and other access, routing, or mobility functions. The core network 106 may be an evolved packet core (EPC) , or a 5G core (5GC) , which may include a control plane entity that manages access and mobility (e.g., a mobility management entity (MME) , an access and mobility management functions (AMF) ) and a user plane entity that routes packets or interconnects to external networks (e.g., a serving gateway (S-GW) , a packet data network (PDN) gateway (P-GW) , or a user plane function (UPF) ) . In some implementations, the control plane entity may manage non-access stratum (NAS) functions, such as mobility, authentication, and bearer management (e.g., data bearers, signal bearers, etc. ) for the one or more UEs 104 served by the one or more network entities 102 associated with the core network 106.
[0057] The core network 106 may communicate with the packet data network 108 over one or more backhaul links 116 (e.g., via an S1, N2, N2, or another network interface) . The packet data network 108 may include an application server 118. In some implementations, one or more UEs 104 may communicate with the application server 118. A UE 104 may establish a session (e.g., a protocol data unit (PDU) session, or the like) with the core network 106 via a network entity 102. The core network 106 may route traffic (e.g., control information, data, and the like) between the UE 104 and the application server 118 using the established session (e.g., the established PDU session) . The PDU session may be an example of a logical connection between the UE 104 and the core network 106 (e.g., one or more network functions of the core network 106) .
[0058] In the wireless communications system 100A, the network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may use resources of the wireless communications system 100A (e.g., time resources (e.g., symbols, slots, subframes, frames, or the like) or frequency resources (e.g., subcarriers, carriers) ) to perform various operations (e.g., wireless communications) . In some implementations, the network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may support different resource structures. For example, the network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may support different frame structures. In some implementations, such as in 4G, the network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may support a single frame structure. In some other implementations, such as in 5G and among other suitable radio access technologies, the network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may support various frame structures (i.e., multiple frame structures) . The network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may support various frame structures based on one or more numerologies.
[0059] One or more numerologies may be supported in the wireless communications system 100A, and a numerology may include a subcarrier spacing and a cyclic prefix. A first numerology (e.g., μ=0) may be associated with a first subcarrier spacing (e.g., 15 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix. In some implementations, the first numerology (e.g., μ=0) associated with the first subcarrier spacing (e.g., 15 kHz) may utilize one slot per subframe. A second numerology (e.g., μ=1) may be associated with a second subcarrier spacing (e.g., 30 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix. A third numerology (e.g., μ=2) may be associated with a third subcarrier spacing (e.g., 60 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix or an extended cyclic prefix. A fourth numerology (e.g., μ=3) may be associated with a fourth subcarrier spacing (e.g., 120 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix. A fifth numerology (e.g., μ=4) may be associated with a fifth subcarrier spacing (e.g., 240 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix.
[0060] A time interval of a resource (e.g., a communication resource) may be organized according to frames (also referred to as radio frames) . Each frame may have a duration, for example, a 10 millisecond (ms) duration. In some implementations, each frame may include multiple subframes. For example, each frame may include 10 subframes, and each subframe may have a duration, for example, a 1 ms duration. In some implementations, each frame may have the same duration. In some implementations, each subframe of a frame may have the same duration.
[0061] Additionally, or alternatively, a time interval of a resource (e.g., a communication resource) may be organized according to slots. For example, a subframe may include a number (e.g., quantity) of slots. The number of slots in each subframe may also depend on the one or more numerologies supported in the wireless communications system 100A. For instance, the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth numerologies (i.e., μ=0, μ=1, μ=2, μ=3, μ=4) associated with respective subcarrier spacings of 15 kHz, 30 kHz, 60 kHz, 120 kHz, and 240 kHz may utilize a single slot per subframe, two slots per subframe, four slots per subframe, eight slots per subframe, and 16 slots per subframe, respectively. Each slot may include a number (e.g., quantity) of symbols (e.g., OFDM symbols) . In some implementations, the number (e.g., quantity) of slots for a subframe may depend on a numerology. For a normal cyclic prefix, a slot may include 14 symbols. For an extended cyclic prefix (e.g., applicable for 60 kHz subcarrier spacing) , a slot may include 12 symbols. The relationship between the number of symbols per slot, the number of slots per subframe, and the number of slots per frame for a normal cyclic prefix and an extended cyclic prefix may depend on a numerology. It should be understood that reference to a first numerology (e.g., μ=0) associated with a first subcarrier spacing (e.g., 15 kHz) may be used interchangeably between subframes and slots.
[0062] In the wireless communications system 100A, an electromagnetic (EM) spectrum may be split, based on frequency or wavelength, into various classes, frequency bands, frequency channels, etc. By way of example, the wireless communications system 100A may support one or multiple operating frequency bands, such as frequency range designations FR1 (410 MHz –7.125 GHz) , FR2 (24.25 GHz –52.6 GHz) , FR3 (7.125 GHz –24.25 GHz) , FR4 (52.6 GHz –114.25 GHz) , FR4a or FR4-1 (52.6 GHz –71 GHz) , and FR5 (114.25 GHz –300 GHz) . In some implementations, the network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may perform wireless communications over one or more of the operating frequency bands. In some implementations, FR1 may be used by the network entities 102 and the UEs 104, among other equipment or devices for cellular communications traffic (e.g., control information, data) . In some implementations, FR2 may be used by the network entities 102 and the UEs 104, among other equipment or devices for short-range, high data rate capabilities.
[0063] FR1 may be associated with one or multiple numerologies (e.g., at least three numerologies) . For example, FR1 may be associated with a first numerology (e.g., μ=0) , which includes 15 kHz subcarrier spacing; a second numerology (e.g., μ=1) , which includes 30 kHz subcarrier spacing; and a third numerology (e.g., μ=2) , which includes 60 kHz subcarrier spacing. FR2 may be associated with one or multiple numerologies (e.g., at least 2 numerologies) . For example, FR2 may be associated with a third numerology (e.g., μ=2) , which includes 60 kHz subcarrier spacing; and a fourth numerology (e.g., μ=3) , which includes 120 kHz subcarrier spacing.
[0064] Details of the core network 106 will be described with reference to Fig. 1B.
[0065] Fig. 1B illustrates a schematic diagram of a wireless network architecture with sensing function in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. Specifically, Fig. 1B illustrates network entities or network functions (NFs) in the core network 106 as shown in Fig. 1A.
[0066] The core network 106 may comprise at least one control plane (CP) entity that manage access and mobility. In some implementations, the at least one control plane entity may manage non-access stratum (NAS) functions, such as mobility, authentication, and bearer management (e.g., data bearers, signal bearers, etc. ) for the one or more UEs 104 served by the one or more network entities 102 associated with the core network 106. For example, as shown in Fig. 1B, the at least one control plane entity may comprise an access and mobility management function (AMF) 120 or a mobility management entity (MME) which is not shown. The AMF 120 may communicate with the UE 104 and the RAN node 102 via N1 interface and N2 interface, respectively. The AMF 120 may communicate with an SF 122 via NS1 interface.
[0067] The core network 106 may comprise at least one network entity that routes packets or interconnects to external networks. For example, the at least one network entity may comprise an SF 122 which enables sensing in a 5G network. The SF 122 may be a standalone 5GC NF or co-located with the existing 5GC NF, e.g., Location Management Function (LMF) . The SF 122 may communicate with the AMF 120 via NS1 interface. The SF 122 may be composed of SF control (SF-C) part and SF user (SF-U) part.
[0068] For another example, the at least one network entity may comprise a network data analytics function (NWDAF) 124.5GC network function (NF) can be the service consumer, which may subscribe data analytics from the NWDAF 124. The NWDAF 124 may collect data from other 5GC NFs and provide data statistics or predications to the service consumer. The SF 122 may communicate with the NWDAF 124 via NS4 interface.
[0069] Fig. 2 illustrates a flowchart of a method 200 that supports sensing task assignment to a UE in accordance with some aspects of the present disclosure. The method 200 may be implemented at a first apparatus. In some implementations, the first apparatus may perform the SF 122 in Fig. 1B. In other implementations, the first apparatus may perform other NF than the SF 122. The scope of the present disclosure is not limited in this regard. For the purpose of discussion, the method 200 will be described from the perspective of the SF 122 with reference to Fig. 1B.
[0070] At block 210, the SF 122 obtain a first status of a UE 104. The first status of the UE 104 comprises a connection status of the UE 104 or an energy status of the UE 104.
[0071] At block 220, the SF 122 determines, based at least on the first status of the UE 104, first sensing capability information of the UE 104 for assignment of a sensing task to the UE 104.
[0072] With the method 200, an SF associated with a sensing UE may obtain a connection status or an energy status of the UE. In turn, when assigning a sensing task to the UE, the SF may take into consideration of sensing capability information associated with the connection status or the energy status of the UE.
[0073] In some implementations, the second apparatus receives a first message. In turn, the second apparatus determines, based on the first message, to provide the first status of the UE 104 to the SF 122. In turn, the second apparatus provides the first status of the UE 104 to the SF 122 for assignment of a sensing task to the UE 104. Accordingly, the SF 122 obtains the first status of the UE 104 from the second apparatus.
[0074] In some implementations, the second apparatus may perform the AMF 120 in Fig. 1B. In other implementations, the second apparatus may perform other NF than the AMF 120. The scope of the present disclosure is not limited in this regard. Hereinafter, some implementations of the present disclosure will be described by taking the AMF 120 as an example of the second apparatus.
[0075] In some implementations, the first message may comprise a sensing message. For example, the sensing message may comprise a sensing registration request message. The AMF 120 may receive the sensing message from the UE 104. This will be described with reference to Fig. 3A.
[0076] Fig. 3A illustrates a signaling diagram illustrating an example process 300A that supports sensing task assignment based on a connection status of a UE in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The example process 300A may be considered as an example implementation of the method 200. For the purpose of discussion, the process 300A will be described with reference to Fig. 1B. The process 300A may involve the UE 104, the RAN node 102, the AMF 120 and the SF 122.
[0077] Generally, in the process 300A, the SF 122 may obtain the first status of the UE 104 from the AMF 120. The first status of the UE 104 comprises the connection status of the UE 104.
[0078] Specifically, the UE 104 may perform a sensing registration procedure towards the SF 122 via the AMF 120. The UE 104 may trigger the sensing registration procedure by sending an uplink non-access stratum (NAS) message 310 towards the AMF 120. The uplink NAS message may contain an identity (ID) of the UE 104 and a sensing message, such as a sensing registration request message.
[0079] For example, the ID of the UE 104 may be one of the following: subscription permanent identifier (SUPI) , generic public subscription identifier (GPSI) , 5G globally unique temporary UE identity (5G-GUTI) or 5G system architecture evolution temporary mobile station identifier (5G-S-TMSI) or other type of IDs.
[0080] In some implementations, a new payload container type, such as a sensing message container, may be defined for the uplink NAS message. The sensing registration request message may be contained in the sensing message container. The sensing registration request message may comprise an ID of the UE 104, such as SUPI of the UE 104.
[0081] In some implementations, the sensing registration request message may comprise sensing capability information of the UE 104. For example, the sensing capability information may comprise at least one of the following: a supported sensing mode, a supported accuracy of sensing, a confidence level, a sensing resolution, a false alarm probability, a missed detection probability, a refreshing rate, a maximum sensing service latency, a user plane connection supported indicator (or CP / UP support indicator) , transmitter (Tx) / receiver (Rx) support indicator, non-3GPP sensing support indicator. The Tx / Rx support indicator indicates whether the UE 104 can work as a sensing Tx, or a sensing Rx, or both a sensing Tx and a sensing Rx. The CP / UP support indicator indicates whether the UE 104 supports CP based sensing measurement report or UP based sensing measurement report or both.
[0082] Upon receiving the uplink NAS message, the AMF 120 may determine that the container contains the sensing message based on the payload container type. In turn, the AMF 120 may perform SF selection based on at least one of the UE location or the SF load. The AMF 120 may be configured, by an open application model (OAM) or a public land mobile network (PLMN) , with SF information. For example, the SF information comprises at least one of the following: SF ID, IP address of SF, fully qualified domain name (FQDN) of SF, or the serving area of SF.
[0083] Alternatively, the SF 122 may be registered at a network repository function (NRF) by providing the SF information to the NRF. The AMF 120 may request for the SF information from the NRF. In turn, the NRF may check the serving area of the AMF 120 and find the corresponding SF 122. In turn, the NRF may provide the AMF 120 with the SF information.
[0084] The AMF 120 may send the sensing registration request message towards the SF 122. In this way, the SF 122 is able to know the sensing UE 104 located in its serving area. In some implementations, there could be an NS1 interface between the AMF 120 and the SF 122. The AMF 120 may assign an AMF UE NS1 AP ID for the UE 104 in order to enable identifying the UE 104 via the NS1 interface. The AMF 120 may send both the AMF UE NS1 AP ID and the sensing registration request message to the SF 122. In turn, the SF 122 may obtain the UE ID (e.g., SUPI) from the sensing registration request message.
[0085] After receiving the sensing registration request message from the AMF 120, the SF 122 may send a sensing registration response message to the AMF 120. Upon receiving the AMF UE NS1 AP ID from the AMF 120, the SF 122 may assign an SF UE NS1 AP ID for the UE 104. That is, the SF 122 may provide both the AMF UE NS1 AP ID and the SF UE NS1 AP ID (optional) together with the sensing registration response message to the AMF 120.
[0086] After receiving the sensing registration response message from the SF 122, the AMF 120 may forward the sensing registration response message towards the UE 104 based on the AMF UE NS1 AP ID. In particular, the AMF 120 may send the sensing registration response message to the serving RAN node 102 of the UE 104, and the serving RAN node 102 may forward the sensing registration response message towards the UE 104.
[0087] It may be understood that after the UE 104 has registered with the SF 122, the SF 122 is associated with the UE 104. Thus, the SF 122 is also referred to as an SF associated with the UE 104.
[0088] In some implementations, based on the sensing message from the UE 104, the AMF 120 may determine that the UE 104 is a sensing UE. In turn, the AMF 120 may determine 320 to provide the connection status of the UE 104 to the SF 122.
[0089] In some implementations, the connection status of the UE 104 may comprise a connection management (CM) state of the UE 104 or a radio resource control (RRC) state of the UE 104. In some implementations, the CM state may comprise a CM-idle state or a CM-Connected state, and the RRC state may comprise an RRC-idle state, an RRC-inactive state or an RRC-connected state.
[0090] In some implementations, if the UE 104 is in the CM-idle state, the corresponding RRC state may be the RRC-idle state. While if the UE 104 is in the CM-Connected state, the corresponding RRC state may be the RRC-inactive state or the RRC-connected state.
[0091] In some implementations, the AMF 120 may provide the CM state or RRC state based on predefinition.
[0092] In some implementations, if the AMF 120 determines that the connection status of the UE 104 is updated, the AMF 120 may determine to provide the updated connection status of the UE 104 to the SF 122.
[0093] In some implementations, if the RRC state of the UE 104 is required to be provided, the AMF 120 may trigger a N2 notification procedure to request the RAN node 102 to provide the RRC state of the UE 104. The N2 notification procedure may be used to acquire the exact RRC state (e.g., the RRC-inactive state or the RRC connected state) of the UE 104 when the UE 104 is in the CM-Connected state. When the UE 104 is in the CM-idle state, the corresponding RRC state is the RRC-idle state, thus the AMF 120 could know the RRC state of the UE 104 by itself.
[0094] In the N2 notification procedure, the AMF 120 may send 325 a UE connection state transition notification request to the serving RAN node 102 of the UE 104. In some implementations, the AMF 120 may include a UE ID in the UE connection status transition notification request. For example, the UE ID may be one of the following: AMF UE next generation application protocol (NGAP) ID, SUPI, GPSI, 5G-GUTI or 5G-S-TMSI. The AMF UE NGAP ID may be allocated by the AMF 120 to identify the UE 104 over the NG interface between the AMF 120 and the RAN node 102. Alternatively, the RAN UE NGAP ID may be used instead of or together with the AMF UE NGAP ID. The RAN UE NGAP ID may be allocated by the RAN node 102 to identify the UE 104 over the NG interface.
[0095] In some implementations, if the RRC state of the UE 104 changes, e.g., switches between the RRC-inactive state and the RRC-connected state, the serving RAN node 102 of the UE 104 may send 330 a UE notification message to the AMF 120 which includes the current RRC state of the UE 104.
[0096] Afterwards, the AMF 120 may send 335 the connection status of the UE 104 to the SF 122. In some implementations, the AMF 120 may send both the UE ID (e.g., SUPI, GPSI, 5G-GUTI, 5G-S-TMSI, AMF UE NS1 AP ID, SF UE NS1 AP ID) and the connection status of the UE 104 to the SF 122. The AMF UE NS1 AP ID or the SF UE NS1 AP ID may be allocated by the AMF 120 or the SF 122 to identify the UE 104 over the NS1 interface between the AMF 120 and the SF 122, respectively. In some implementations, the connection status of the UE 104 may comprise the current CM state (e.g., CM-idle state or CM-Connected state) , or the current RRC state (e.g., RRC-idle state, RRC-inactive state, RRC-connected state) .
[0097] After obtaining the connection status of the UE 104, the SF 122 may determine 340 the sensing capability information of the UE 104 based at least on the connection status.
[0098] In some implementations, association or mapping between the connection status of the UE 104 and the sensing capability information of the UE 104 may be predefined. In such implementations, the SF 122 may determine the sensing capability information based on the connection status and the predefined association or mapping.
[0099] In turn, the SF 122 may assign the sensing task to the UE 104 based on the sensing capability information.
[0100] In some implementations, the SF 122 may assign the sensing task to the UE 104 in the RRC-connected state or the CM-Connected state only. Alternatively, the SF 122 may assign the sensing task to the UE 104 in both the RRC-inactive state and the RRC-connected state.
[0101] Alternatively, or additionally, if the CM state is required to be provided, the actions 325 and 330 (i.e., the N2 notification procedure) could be omitted since the AMF 120 knows the CM state of the UE 104 by itself.
[0102] Alternatively, or additionally, the UE 104 may provide the connection status of the UE 104 to the SF 122 in the sensing message via the AMF 120.
[0103] In some implementations, the first message may comprise a request for the connection status. In such implementations, in order to obtain the connection status of the UE 104, the SF 122 may provide, based on the sensing message from the UE 104, a request for the connection status to the AMF 120. For example, the request for the connection status may comprise a UE connection status subscription message or a UE connection status request message. The AMF 120 may determine, based on the request, to provide the connection status to the SF 122. This will be described with reference to Fig. 3B.
[0104] Fig. 3B illustrates a signalling diagram illustrating an example process 300B that supports sensing task assignment based on the UE connection status in accordance with other aspects of the present disclosure. The example process 300B may also be considered as an example implementation of the method 200. For the purpose of discussion, the process 300B will be described with reference to Fig. 1B. The process 300A may involve the UE 104, the RAN node 102, the AMF 120 and the SF 122.
[0105] Generally, the process 300B differs from the process 300A mainly in that an additional action 315 between the actions 310 and 320 is performed.
[0106] Specifically, in the process 300B, after receiving the sensing registration message, the SF 122 may send 315 a request for the connection status of the UE 104 to the AMF 120. In turn, based on the request, the AMF 120 may determine 320 to provide the connection status of the UE 104 to the SF 122 associated with the sensing UE 104. The actions 310, 320, 325, 330, 335 and 340 are the same as those in Fig. 3A. Details of these actions are omitted for brevity.
[0107] In some implementations, the SF 122 may provide a UE ID (e.g., SUPI, GPSI, 5G-GUTI, or 5G-S-TMSI) together with the request for the connection status to the AMF 120. Alternatively, the UE ID may be included in the request for the connection status.
[0108] In some implementations, the SF 122 may indicate whether the CM state or the RRC state is requested in the request for the connection status. For example, the request for the connection status may comprise a connection status indication indicating whether the CM state of the UE 104 or the RRC state of the UE 104 is requested. The connection status indication may indicate different connection statuses by different values. In some implementations, the connection status indication indicates the CM state is required by value 0 and indicates the RRC state is required by value 1.
[0109] Alternatively, it may be pre-defined that the request for the connection status is used for request the CM state or the RRC state of the UE 104.
[0110] In some implementations, the request for the connection status may indicate the AMF 120 to provide the current connection status (e.g., the current CM state or RRC state) of the UE 104. For example, the request for the connection status may indicate a single RRC connected state report.
[0111] Alternatively, in some implementations, the request for the connection status may indicate the AMF 120 to provide the connection status based on update of the connection status. In such implementations, if the AMF 120 determines that the connection status is updated, the AMF 120 may provide the updated connection status to the SF 122. In some implementations, the request for the connection status may indicate subsequent reports from the AMF 120 as long as the connection status changes. For example, if the connection status changes from the CM-idle state to the CM-Connected state, the AMF 120 may provide the subsequent connection status (i.e., the CM-Connected state) to the SF 122. For another example, if the connection status changes from the RRC-inactive state to the RRC-connected state, the AMF 120 may provide the subsequent connection status (i.e., the RRC-connected state) to the SF 122.
[0112] In some implementations, the UE 104 may indicate association or mapping between the connection status of the UE 104 and the sensing capability information of the UE 104. In such implementations, the SF 122 may determine the sensing capability information based on the connection status and the indicated association or mapping. This will be described with reference to Figs. 4A, 4B and 4C.
[0113] Fig. 4A illustrates a signaling diagram illustrating an example process 400A that supports sensing task assignment based on the UE connection status in accordance with other aspects of the present disclosure. The example process 400A may be considered as an example implementation of the method 200. For the purpose of discussion, the process 400A will be described with reference to Fig. 1B. The process 400A may involve the UE 104, the RAN node 102, the AMF 120 and the SF 122.
[0114] Generally, in the process 400A, in order to obtain the connection status of the UE 104, the SF 122 may provide, based on the sensing message from the UE 104, a request for the connection status to the AMF 120. The AMF 120 may determine, based on the request, to provide the connection status to the SF 122.
[0115] Specifically, similar to the processes 300A and 300B, the UE 104 may perform a sensing registration procedure towards the SF 122 via the AMF 120. The UE 104 may trigger the sensing registration procedure by sending an uplink NAS message 410 towards the AMF 120. The uplink NAS message may contain an ID of the UE 104 and a sensing message, such as a sensing registration request message.
[0116] Considering that the UE 104 may have different sensing capabilities in different connection statuses, the UE 104 may provide, in the sensing registration procedure, association or mapping between the connection status of the UE 104 and the sensing capability information of the UE 104. For example, the UE 104 may provide the association or mapping in a sensing message, such as the sensing registration request message or other type of sensing message. In addition, the UE 104 may provide the UE ID (e.g., SUPI, GPSI, 5G-GUTI, 5G-S-TMSI) in the sensing message.
[0117] In some implementations, the UE 104 may or may not support sensing in different connection statuses. In some implementations, the sensing capability information may comprise at least one indicator. Each of the at least one indicator indicates whether the UE 104 supports sensing in one of the connection statuses. For example, the sensing capability information may comprise one of the following: RRC connected mode only indicator, CM-Connected state only indicator, all connection statuses indicator, or non-3GPP sensing support indicator. The RRC connected mode only indicator may indicate that the UE 104 supports sensing only in the RRC connected state. The CM-Connected state only indicator may indicate that the UE 104 supports sensing in the CM-Connected state, i.e., supports sensing in both the RRC-inactive state and the RRC-connected state. The all connection statuses indicator may indicate that the UE 104 supports sensing in all the connection statuses. The non-3GPP sensing support indicator may indicate that the UE 104 supports non-3GPP sensing, e.g., the radar, camera, LIDAR or Wi-Fi sensing.
[0118] Alternatively, in some implementations, the UE 104 may support different sensing capability parameters in different connection statuses. In such implementations, the sensing capability information may comprise at least one sensing capability parameter or at least one index of at least one sensing capability parameter set.
[0119] In some implementations, the sensing capability parameters comprise at least one of the following: supported sensing mode, supported sensing bandwidth, supported accuracy of sensing, confidence level, sensing resolution, false alarm probability, missed detection probability, refreshing rate, max sensing service latency, user plane connection supported indicator, CP / UP support indicator, or Tx / Rx support indicator. The Tx / Rx support indicator may indicate whether the UE 104 can work as a sensing Tx device, or a sensing Rx device, or both a sensing Tx and sensing Rx device. The CP / UP support indicator may indicate whether the UE 104 supports CP based sensing measurement report or UP based sensing measurement report or both.
[0120] In some implementations, the association or mapping may comprise a first set of connection statuses and a second set of sensing capability information associated with the first set of connection statuses. Each of the sensing capability information in the second set is associated with one of the connection statuses in the first set. In such implementations, the association or mapping may comprise at least one pair of the connection status in the first set and the associated sensing support indicator in the second set. Alternatively, the association or mapping may comprise at least one pair of the connection status in the first set and the associated sensing capability parameters in the second set.
[0121] For example, the first set of connection statuses may comprise the CM-idle state, and the second set of sensing capability information may comprise the non-support indicator indicating the UE 104 does not support sensing in the CM-idle state. Thus, the association or mapping may comprise a pair of (CM-idle, non-support indicator) .
[0122] For another example, the first set of connection statuses may comprise the CM-Connected state, and the second set of sensing capability information may comprise the support indicator indicating the UE 104 supports sensing in the CM-Connected state. Thus, the association or mapping may comprise a pair of (CM-Connected, support indicator) .
[0123] For further examples, the association or mapping may comprise a pair of (RRC-idle, non-support indicator) , a pair of (RRC-inactive, support indicator) and a pair of (RRC-connected, support indicator) . Still for another example, the association or mapping may comprise a pair of (all connection statuses, support indicator) .
[0124] In some implementations, the association or mapping may comprise at least one pair of the connection status in the first set and the associated sensing capability parameters in the second set. For example, the association or mapping may comprise a pair of (CM-idle, non-support indicator) and a pair of (CM-Connected, sensing capability parameters#1) . For another example, the association or mapping may comprise a pair of (CM-idle, sensing capability parameters#2) and a pair of (CM-Connected, sensing capability parameters#3) . Still for another example, the association or mapping may comprise a pair of (RRC-idle, non-support indicator) , a pair of (RRC-inactive, sensing capability parameters#4) and a pair of (RRC-connected, sensing capability parameters#5) . Still for another example, the association or mapping may comprise a pair of (3GPP, sensing capability parameters#6) and a pair of (non-3GPP, sensing capability parameters#7) .
[0125] Alternatively, in some implementations, the sensing capability information may comprise at least one index of at least one sensing capability. In such implementations, the UE 104 may support different indexes of sensing capabilities in different connection statuses.
[0126] In some implementations, the association or mapping may comprise a first set of connection statuses and a second set of indexes of sensing capabilities. Each of the indexes is associated with one of the connection statues. For example, the association or mapping may comprise a pair of (CM-Connected, sensing capability index#1) . For another example, the association or mapping may comprise a pair of (CM-idle, sensing capability index#2) and a pair of (CM-Connected, sensing capability index#3) . Still for another example, the association or mapping may comprise a pair of (RRC-inactive, sensing capability index#4) and (RRC-connected, sensing capability index#5) . Still for another example, the association or mapping may comprise a pair of (3GPP, sensing capability index#6) and (non-3GPP, sensing capability index#7) .
[0127] Alternatively, in some implementations, the sensing capability information may comprise at least one index of at least one sensing capability. In such implementations, the UE 104 may support different indexes of sensing capabilities in different connection statuses.
[0128] In some implementations, the association or mapping between the sensing capabilities and connection statues of the UE 104 may be pre-defined or pre-configured by an operator in the SF 122 and the UE 104. For example, the association or mapping may be pre-defined or pre-configured as a sensing capability parameters set table. For example, in the sensing capability parameters set table, value “1” may indicate supporting sensing capability parameters#1 for CM-Connected state. As such, if the SF 122 obtains value “1” from the UE 104, the SF 122 may determine that the UE 104 supports sensing capability parameters#1 for CM-Connected state.
[0129] Actions 415a, 420, 425, 430 and 435 in the process 400A are similar to the actions 315, 320, 325, 330 and 335 in the process 300B, respectively. Details of these actions are omitted for brevity.
[0130] Upon obtaining the connection status of the UE 104, the SF 122 may determine 440 the sensing capability information based on the obtained connection status of the UE 104. The SF 122 may take the sensing capability information (e.g., sensing support indicator, sensing capability parameters, index of the sensing capability parameter set, or index of the sensing capability) based on the connection status of the UE 104 into consideration when assigning a sensing task to the UE 104.
[0131] Alternatively, in some implementations, the UE 104 may provide the connection status of the UE 104 to the SF 122 in the sensing message via the AMF 120. Alternatively, the UE 104 may provide the current sensing capability information (e.g., sensing support indicator, sensing capability parameters, index of the sensing capability parameter set, or index of the sensing capability) to the SF 122 in the sensing message via the AMF 120.
[0132] Fig. 4B illustrates a signaling diagram illustrating an example process 400B that supports sensing task assignment based on the UE connection status in accordance with other aspects of the present disclosure. The example process 400B may also be considered as an example implementation of the method 200. For the purpose of discussion, the process 400B will be described with reference to Fig. 1B. The process 400B may involve the UE 104, the RAN node 102, the AMF 120 and the SF 122.
[0133] Generally, in the process 400B, the AMF 120 may receive an indication from the UE 104. The indication indicates the AMF 120 to provide the connection status of the UE 104 to the SF 122. In turn, the AMF 120 may determine, based on the indication, to provide the connection status to the SF 122. In such implementations, the first message may comprise the indication from the UE 104. The process 400B differs from the process 400A mainly in that the action 415a of the process 400A is replaced by an action 415b.
[0134] Specifically, in the process 400B, after the UE 104 sending 410 the sensing message towards the SF 122, the UE 104 may send 415b a UE connection status report indicator to the AMF 120. The indicator indicates the AMF 120 to provide the connection status of the UE 104 to the SF 122.
[0135] In some implementations, the UE 104 may also indicate that the CM state or the RRC state is required. For example, the UE 104 may provide to the AMF 120 a CM state report indicator or an RRC state report indicator. For another example, an UE connection status indicator may be defined. The UE connection status indicator which is equal to 0 means the CM state is required and the UE connection status indicator which is equal to 1 means the RRC state is required.
[0136] Alternatively, or additionally, the UE 104 may indicate the AMF 120 it supports different sensing capability information in different connection statuses, which also implies the AMF 120 to provide the connection status of the UE 104 to the SF 122.
[0137] Alternatively, the UE 104 may provide the sensing capability information associated with different connection statuses of the UE 104 to the AMF 120 directly. The sensing capability information may be the same as described above with respect to the action 410.
[0138] In some implementations, if the AMF 120 knows that the UE 104 supports sensing in all UE statuses, the AMF 120 may determine not to provide the connection status of the UE 104 to the SF 122 associated with the UE 104.
[0139] Alternatively, if the AMF 120 knows that the UE 104 supports sensing only in the RRC-connected state, the AMF 120 may determine to provide the RRC state to the SF 122 associated with the UE 104. In this case, the AMF 122 may provide only two RRC states, e.g., the RRC connected state and the non-RRC connected state. The non-RRC connected state comprises the RRC-idle state or the RRC-inactive state.
[0140] Alternatively, if the AMF 122 knows that the UE 104 supports different sensing capability information in the RRC-inactive state and the RRC-connected state, the AMF 120 may determine to provide the RRC state of the UE 104 to the SF 122 associated with the UE 104. In this case, the AMF 122 may provide only two RRC-connected states, e.g., the RRC-inactive state and the RRC-connected state.
[0141] The actions 410, 420, 425, 430, 435 and 440 are the same as those in Fig. 4A. Details of these actions are omitted for brevity.
[0142] Fig. 4C illustrates a signaling diagram illustrating an example process 400C that supports sensing task assignment based on the UE connection status in accordance with still other aspects of the present disclosure. The example process 400C may also be considered as an example implementation of the method 200. For the purpose of discussion, the process 400C will be described with reference to Fig. 1B. The process 400C may involve the UE 104, the RAN node 102, the AMF 120 and the SF 122.
[0143] Generally, the process 400C differs from the processes 400A and 400B mainly in that the action 415a in the process 400A and the action 415b in the process 400B are omitted. Similar to the action 320 in the process 300A, in the process 400C, the AMF 120 may determine 420 to provide the connection status of the UE 104 to the SF 122 based on the sensing message from the UE 104 towards the SF 122 in the action 410. The actions 410, 425, 430, 435 and 440 are the same as those in Fig. 4A. Details of these actions are omitted for brevity.
[0144] In some implementations, the SF 122 may provide a sensing task with sensing requirement to the AMF 120. The AMF 120 may select the sensing UE 104 or the sensing RAN node 102 to assign the sensing task. In such implementations, the AMF 120 does not provide the connection status of the UE 104 to the SF 122, and the AMF 120 may take the connection status of the UE 104 into consideration when assigning a sensing task to the UE 104.
[0145] In some implementations, the UE 104 may indicate association or mapping between the energy status of the UE 104 and the sensing capability information of the UE 104. In such implementations, the SF 122 may determine the sensing capability information based on the energy status and the indicated association or mapping. This will be described with reference to Figs. 5A, 5B, 5C, 5D, 5E and 5F.
[0146] Fig. 5A illustrate a signaling diagram illustrating an example process 500A that supports sensing task assignment based on the UE energy status in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The example process 500A may be considered as an example implementation of the method 200. For the purpose of discussion, the process 500A will be described with reference to Fig. 1B. The process 500A may involve the UE 104, the RAN node 102, the AMF 120 and the SF 122.
[0147] Generally, in the process 500A, in order to obtain the energy status of the UE 104, the SF 122 may provide, based on the sensing message from the UE 104, a request for the energy status to the AMF 120. The AMF 120 may determine, based on the request, to provide the energy status to the SF 122.
[0148] Specifically, similar to the processes 300A and 300B, the UE 104 may perform a sensing registration procedure towards the SF 122 via the AMF 120. The UE 104 may trigger the sensing registration procedure by sending an uplink NAS message 510 towards the AMF 120. The uplink NAS message may contain an ID of the UE 104 and a sensing message, such as a sensing registration request message.
[0149] Considering that the UE 104 may have different sensing capabilities in different energy statuses, the UE 104 may provide, in the sensing registration procedure, association or mapping between the energy status of the UE 104 and the sensing capability information of the UE 104. For example, the UE 104 may provide the association or mapping in a sensing message, such as the sensing registration request message or other type of sensing message.
[0150] In addition, the UE 104 may provide the UE ID (e.g., SUPI, GPSI, 5G-GUTI, 5G-S-TMSI) in the sensing message.
[0151] In some implementations, the energy status of the UE 104 may comprise a battery level or a power mode of the UE 104.
[0152] In some implementations, the UE 104 may or may not support sensing in different energy statuses. In such implementations, the sensing capability information may comprise at least one indicator. Each of the at least one indicator indicates whether the UE 104 supports sensing in one of the energy statuses. For example, the sensing capability information may comprise one of the following: a non-energy saving mode only indicator, or a threshold of battery level for sensing. The non-energy saving mode only indicator may indicate that the UE 104 supports sensing only when it is not in the energy saving mode. The threshold of battery level for sensing may indicate that the UE 104 supports sensing only when its battery level is higher than the threshold, e.g., 60%.
[0153] Alternatively, in some implementations, the UE 104 may support different sensing capability parameters in different energy statuses. In such implementations, the sensing capability information may comprise at least one sensing capability parameter or at least one index of at least one sensing capability parameter set.
[0154] In some implementations, the association or mapping may comprise a first set of energy statuses and a second set of sensing capability information associated with the first set of energy statuses. Each of the sensing capability information in the second set is associated with one of the energy statuses in the first set. In such implementations, the association or mapping may comprise at least one pair of the energy status in the first set and the associated sensing support indicator in the second set. Alternatively, the association or mapping may comprise at least one pair of the energy status in the first set and the associated sensing capability parameters in the second set.
[0155] For example, the first set of energy statuses may comprise the non-energy saving mode, and the second set of sensing capability information may comprise the support indicator indicating the UE 104 supports sensing in the non-energy saving mode. Thus, the association or mapping may comprise a pair of (non-energy saving mode, support indicator) .
[0156] For example, the first set of energy statuses may comprise the threshold of battery level, and the second set of sensing capability information may comprise the support indicator indicating the UE 104 supports sensing when the battery level of the UE 104 is higher than the threshold of battery level. Thus, the association or mapping may comprise a pair of (threshold of battery level, support indicator) .
[0157] For example, the association or mapping may comprise a pair of (energy saving mode, sensing capability parameters#1) and a pair of (non-energy saving mode, sensing capability parameters#2) . For another example, the association or mapping may comprise a pair of (battery level lower than threshold#1, non-support indicator) and a pair of (battery level larger than threshold#2, sensing capability parameters#3) . Still for another example, the association or mapping may comprise a pair of (battery level lower than threshold#1, sensing capability parameters#4) , a pair of (battery level larger than threshold#2 and lower than threshold#3, sensing capability parameters#5) and a pair of (battery level larger than threshold#3, sensing capability parameters#6) .
[0158] Alternatively, in some implementations, the sensing capability information may comprise at least one index of at least one sensing capability. In such implementations, the UE 104 may support different indexes of sensing capabilities in different energy statuses.
[0159] In some implementations, the association or mapping may comprise a first set of energy statuses and a second set of indexes of sensing capabilities. Each of the indexes is associated with one of the energy statues. For example, the association or mapping may comprise a pair of (energy saving mode, sensing capability index#1) and a pair of (non-energy saving mode, sensing capability index#2) . For another example, the association or mapping may comprise a pair of (battery level larger than threshold#2, sensing capability index#3) . Still for another example, the association or mapping may comprise a pair of (battery level lower than threshold#1, sensing capability index#4) , a pair of (battery level higher than threshold#2 and lower than threshold#3, sensing capability index#5) and a pair of (battery level higher than threshold#3, sensing capability index#6) .
[0160] With continued reference to Fig. 5A, upon receiving the sensing message from the UE 104, the SF 122 may send 515a a request for the energy status of the UE 104 to the AMF 120.
[0161] In some implementations, the request for the energy status may indicate the AMF 120 to provide the current energy status (e.g., the current battery level or the current power mode) of the UE 104. For example, the request for the energy status may indicate a single energy status report.
[0162] Alternatively, in some implementations, the request for the energy status may indicate the AMF 120 to provide the connection status based on update of the connection status. For example, the request for the energy status may indicate subsequent reports from the AMF 120 as long as the energy status changes. In such implementations, if the AMF 120 determines that the energy status is updated or changes, the AMF 120 may provide the updated energy status or subsequent energy status to the SF 122.
[0163] Upon receiving the request from the SF 122, the AMF 120 may determine 520, based on the request, to provide the energy status of the UE 104 to the SF 122.
[0164] In turn, the AMF 120 may send 525a an energy status transition notification request to the serving RAN node 102 of the UE 104. In such implementations, the energy status transition notification request may be a message defined for NG interface between the AMF 120 and the RAN node 102.
[0165] Upon receiving the energy status transition notification request from the AMF 120, the serving RAN node 102 of the UE 104 may send 530a the UE ID and the current energy status of the UE 104 to the AMF 120. For example, the UE ID may be one of the following: AMF UE NGAP ID, RAN UE NGAP ID, SUPI, GPSI, 5G-GUTI, or 5G-S-TMSI. If the energy status of the UE 104 changes, e.g., switches between the energy saving mode and the non-energy saving mode, or the battery level of the UE 104 changes from low to high (e.g., higher than a given threshold) , the serving RAN node 102 may trigger action 530a. In some implementations, the UE 104 may report the energy status to the RAN node 102 via an RRC message upon a request or when the energy status of the UE 104 changes.
[0166] In turn, the AMF 120 may send 535 the energy status of the UE 104 to the SF 122. In some implementations, the AMF 120 may send both the UE ID (e.g., AMF UE XAP ID, SF UE XAP ID, SUPI, GPSI, 5G-GUTI, 5G-S-TMSI) and the energy status to the SF 122.
[0167] After obtaining the energy status of the UE 104, the SF 122 may determine 540 the sensing capability information of the UE 104 based on the energy status. In turn, the SF 122 may assign the sensing task to the UE 104 based on the sensing capability information associated with the energy status. In some implementations, the SF 122 may assign the sensing task to the UE 104 if the UE 104 supports sensing in current energy status. Alternatively, the SF 122 may first determine whether the sensing capability information is qualified to perform the sensing task. If the sensing capability information is qualified to perform the sensing task, the SF 122 may assign the sensing task to the UE 104.
[0168] Generally, the process 500A is similar to the process 400A. Therefore, details of some implementations which have been described with respect to the process 400A may also apply to the process 500A.
[0169] Fig. 5B illustrate a signaling diagram illustrating an example process 500B that supports sensing task assignment based on the UE energy status in accordance with other aspects of the present disclosure. The example process 500B may also be considered as an example implementation of the method 200. For the purpose of discussion, the process 500B will be described with reference to Fig. 1B. The process 500B may involve the UE 104, the RAN node 102, the AMF 120 and the SF 122.
[0170] Generally, in the process 500B, the AMF 120 may receive an indication from the UE 104. The indication indicates the AMF 120 to provide the energy status of the UE 104 to the SF 122. In turn, the AMF 120 may determine, based on the indication, to provide the energy status to the SF 122. In such implementations, the first message may comprise the indication from the UE 104.
[0171] The process 500B differs from the process 500A mainly in that the action 515a of the process 500A is replaced by an action 515b.
[0172] Specifically, in the process 500B, after the UE 104 sending 510 the sensing message towards the SF 122, the UE 104 may send 515b a UE energy status report indicator to the AMF 120. The indicator indicates the AMF 120 to provide the energy status of the UE 104 to the SF 122.
[0173] The actions 510, 520, 525a, 530a, 535 and 540 are the same as those in Fig. 5A. Details of these actions are omitted for brevity.
[0174] Generally, the process 500B is similar to the process 400B. Therefore, details of some implementations which have been described with respect to the process 400B may also apply to the process 500B.
[0175] Fig. 5C illustrate a signaling diagram illustrating an example process 500C that supports sensing task assignment based on the UE energy status in accordance with still other aspects of the present disclosure. The example process 500C may also be considered as an example implementation of the method 200. For the purpose of discussion, the process 500C will be described with reference to Fig. 1B. The process 500C may involve the UE 104, the RAN node 102, the AMF 120 and the SF 122.
[0176] Generally, the process 500C differs from the processes 500A and 500B mainly in that the action 515a in the process 500A and the action 515b in the process 500B are omitted. Similar to the action 320 in the process 300A, in the process 500C, the AMF 120 may determine 520 to provide the energy status of the UE 104 to the SF 122 based on the sensing message from the UE 104 towards the SF 122 in the action 510. The actions 510, 525a, 530a, 535 and 540 are the same as those in Fig. 5A. Details of these actions are omitted for brevity.
[0177] Generally, the process 500C is similar as the process 400C. Therefore, details of some implementations which have been described with respect to the process 400C may also apply to the process 500C.
[0178] Figs. 5D, 5E and 5F illustrate a signaling diagram illustrating an example process 500D, 500E and 500F that supports sensing task assignment based on the UE energy status in accordance with still other aspects of the present disclosure, respectively. The example processes 500D, 500E and 500F may also be considered as example implementations of the method 200. For the purpose of discussion, the processes 500D, 500E and 500F will be described with reference to Fig. 1B. The processes 500D, 500E and 500F may involve the UE 104, the RAN node 102, the AMF 120 and the SF 122.
[0179] Generally, the processes 500D, 500E and 500F differ from the processes 500A, 500B and 500C mainly in that the actions 525a and 530a in processes 500A, 500B and 500C are replaced by actions 525b and 530b.
[0180] Specifically, in the processes 500D, 500E and 500F, after the AMF 120 determining 520 to provide the energy status of the UE 104 to the SF 122, the AMF 120 may send 525b a UE energy state transition notification request to the UE 104. The UE energy state transition notification request may indicate the UE 104 to provide the energy status to the AMF 120. In some implementations, the UE energy state transition notification request may be a type of downlink NAS message. In turn, the UE 104 may provide 530b the energy status to the AMF 120 if the energy status changes.
[0181] The actions 510, 515a, 515b, 520, 535 and 540 are the same as those in Figs. 5A, 5B and 5C. Details of these actions are omitted for brevity.
[0182] Generally, the processes 500D, 500E and 500F are similar to the processes 500A, 500B and 500C. Therefore, details of some implementations which have been described with respect to the processes 500A, 500B and 500C may also apply to the processes 500D, 500E and 500F.
[0183] In some implementations, the SF 122 may provide a sensing task with sensing requirement to the AMF 120. The AMF 120 may select the sensing UE 104 or the sensing RAN node 102 to assign the sensing task. In such implementations, the AMF 120 does not provide the energy status of the UE 104 to the SF 122, and the AMF 120 may take the energy status of the UE 104 into consideration when assigning a sensing task to the UE 104.
[0184] Fig. 6A illustrate a signaling diagram illustrating an example process 600A that supports sensing task assignment based on the UE energy status in accordance with other aspects of the present disclosure. The example process 600A may be considered as an example implementation of the method 200. For the purpose of discussion, the process 600A will be described with reference to Fig. 1B. The process 600A may involve the UE 104, the RAN node 102, the AMF 120 and the SF 122.
[0185] Generally, in the process 600A, in order to obtain the energy status of the UE 104, the SF 122 may provide, based on the sensing message from the UE 104, a request for the energy status to the UE 104. Upon receiving the request from the SF 122, the UE 104 may provide the energy status to the SF 122.
[0186] Specifically, similar to the processes 300A and 300B, the UE 104 may perform a sensing registration procedure towards the SF 122 via the AMF 120. Considering that the UE 104 may have different sensing capabilities in different energy statuses, the UE 104 may provide, in the sensing registration procedure, association or mapping between the energy status of the UE 104 and the sensing capability information of the UE 104.
[0187] Upon receiving 610 the sensing message from the UE 104, the SF 122 may provide 615a a UE energy state transition notification request to the UE 104. The UE energy state transition notification request indicates the UE 104 to provide the energy state to the SF 122. The UE energy state transition notification request may be defined as a sensing message between the UE 104 and the SF 122.
[0188] In some implementations, the SF 122 may send a UE ID#1 (e.g., SUPI, GPSI, 5G-GUTI, 5G-S-TMSI) and the sensing message (e.g., the UE energy state transition notification request) to the AMF 120. The AMF 120 may identify the UE 104 based on the UE ID#1, and may translate the UE ID#1 into a UE ID#2 (e.g., AMF UE NGAP ID or RAN UE NGAP ID) . In turn, the AMF 120 may forward the UE ID#2 and the sensing message towards the serving RAN node 102 of the UE 104. Afterwards, the RAN node 102 may identify the UE 104 based on the UE ID#2 and may send the sensing message to the UE 104 via an air interface. In some implementations, the sensing message may be contained in an RRC message. In some implementations, the UE ID (e.g., SUPI, GPSI, 5G-GUTI, 5G-S-TMSI) may also be included in the sensing message.
[0189] Upon receiving the UE energy state transition notification request from the SF 122, the UE 104 may provide 620a the energy status of the UE 104 to the SF 122 via the RAN node 102 and the AMF 120 if the energy status changes. For example, the UE 104 may provide the energy status in an uplink sensing message.
[0190] Actions 610 and 625 in the process 600A are same as the actions 510 and 540 in Figs. 5A-5F. Details of these actions are omitted for brevity.
[0191] Fig. 6B illustrate a signaling diagram illustrating an example process 600B that supports sensing task assignment based on the UE energy status in accordance with other aspects of the present disclosure. The example process 600B may be considered as an example implementation of the method 200. For the purpose of discussion, the process 600B will be described with reference to Fig. 1B. The process 600B may involve the UE 104, the RAN node 102, the AMF 120, the SF 122 and the NWDAF 124.
[0192] Generally, in the process 600B, in order to obtain the energy status of the UE 104, the SF 122 may provide, based on the sensing message from the UE 104, a request for the energy status to the NWDAF 124. Upon receiving the request from the SF 122, the NWDAF 124 may provide the energy status of the UE 104 to the SF 122.
[0193] Specifically, similar to the processes 300A and 300B, the UE 104 may perform a sensing registration procedure towards the SF 122 via the AMF 120. Considering that the UE 104 may have different sensing capabilities in different energy statuses, the UE 104 may provide, in the sensing registration procedure, association or mapping between the energy status of the UE 104 and the sensing capability information of the UE 104.
[0194] Upon receiving 610 the sensing message from the UE 104, the SF 122 may provide 615b a UE energy state transition notification request to the NWDAF 124. The UE energy state transition notification request indicates the NWDAF 124 to provide the energy state of the UE 104 to the SF 122. The UE energy state transition notification request may be defined as a message between the SF 122 and the NWDAF 124.
[0195] In some implementations, the SF 122 may send a UE ID (SUPI, GPSI, 5G-GUTI, 5G-S-TMSI) and the UE energy state transition request message to the NWDAF 124. In some implementations, the UE ID may be contained in the UE energy state transition request message from the SF 122 to the NWDAF 124.
[0196] Upon receiving the UE energy state transition notification request from the SF 122, the NWDAF 124 may provide 620b the energy status of the UE 104 to the SF 122. In some implementations, the NWDAF 124 may send both the UE ID (e.g., SUPI, GPSI, 5G-GUTI, 5G-S-TMSI) and energy status of the UE 104 to the SF 122.
[0197] Actions 610 and 625 in the process 600A are same as actions 510 and 540 in Figs. 5A-5F. Details of these actions are omitted for brevity.
[0198] Fig. 7 illustrates an example of a device 700 that supports sensing task assignment to a UE 104 in accordance with some aspects of the present disclosure. The device 700 may be an example of the first apparatus (i.e., the SF 122) as described herein. The device 700 may support wireless communication with one or more network entities 102, UEs 104, or any combination thereof. The device 700 may include components for bi-directional communications including components for transmitting and receiving communications, such as a processor 702, a memory 704, a transceiver 706, and, optionally, an I / O controller 708. These components may be in electronic communication or otherwise coupled (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more interfaces (e.g., buses) .
[0199] The processor 702, the memory 704, the transceiver 706, or various combinations thereof or various components thereof may be examples of means for performing various aspects of the present disclosure as described herein. For example, the processor 702, the memory 704, the transceiver 706, or various combinations or components thereof may support a method for performing one or more of the operations described herein.
[0200] In some implementations, the processor 702, the memory 704, the transceiver 706, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in hardware (e.g., in communications management circuitry) . The hardware may include a processor, a digital signal processor (DSP) , an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) , a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof configured as or otherwise supporting a means for performing the functions described in the present disclosure. In some implementations, the processor 702 and the memory 704 coupled with the processor 702 may be configured to perform one or more of the functions described herein (e.g., executing, by the processor 702, instructions stored in the memory 704) .
[0201] For example, the processor 702 may support wireless communication at the device 700 in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The processor 702 may be configured to operable to support a means for the following: obtaining a first status of a user equipment (UE) , the first status of the UE comprising a connection status of the UE or an energy status of the UE; and determining, based at least on the first status of the UE, first sensing capability information of the UE for assignment of a sensing task to the UE.
[0202] The processor 702 may include an intelligent hardware device (e.g., a general-purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, a microcontroller, an ASIC, an FPGA, a programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic component, a discrete hardware component, or any combination thereof) . In some implementations, the processor 702 may be configured to operate a memory array using a memory controller. In some other implementations, a memory controller may be integrated into the processor 702. The processor 702 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in a memory (e.g., the memory 704) to cause the device 700 to perform various functions of the present disclosure.
[0203] The memory 704 may include random access memory (RAM) and read-only memory (ROM) . The memory 704 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code including instructions that, when executed by the processor 702 cause the device 700 to perform various functions described herein. The code may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as system memory or another type of memory. In some implementations, the code may not be directly executable by the processor 702 but may cause a computer (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform functions described herein. In some implementations, the memory 704 may include, among other things, a basic I / O system (BIOS) which may control basic hardware or software operation such as the interaction with peripheral components or devices.
[0204] The I / O controller 708 may manage input and output signals for the device 700. The I / O controller 708 may also manage peripherals not integrated into the device M02. In some implementations, the I / O controller 708 may represent a physical connection or port to an external peripheral. In some implementations, the I / O controller 708 may utilize an operating system such as or another known operating system. In some implementations, the I / O controller 708 may be implemented as part of a processor, such as the processor 706. In some implementations, a user may interact with the device 700 via the I / O controller 708 or via hardware components controlled by the I / O controller 708.
[0205] In some implementations, the device 700 may include a single antenna 710. However, in some other implementations, the device 700 may have more than one antenna 710 (i.e., multiple antennas) , including multiple antenna panels or antenna arrays, which may be capable of concurrently transmitting or receiving multiple wireless transmissions. The transceiver 706 may communicate bi-directionally, via the one or more antennas 710, wired, or wireless links as described herein. For example, the transceiver 706 may represent a wireless transceiver and may communicate bi-directionally with another wireless transceiver. The transceiver 706 may also include a modem to modulate the packets, to provide the modulated packets to one or more antennas 710 for transmission, and to demodulate packets received from the one or more antennas 710. The transceiver 706 may include one or more transmit chains, one or more receive chains, or a combination thereof.
[0206] A transmit chain may be configured to generate and transmit signals (e.g., control information, data, packets) . The transmit chain may include at least one modulator for modulating data onto a carrier signal, preparing the signal for transmission over a wireless medium. The at least one modulator may be configured to support one or more techniques such as amplitude modulation (AM) , frequency modulation (FM) , or digital modulation schemes like phase-shift keying (PSK) or quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) . The transmit chain may also include at least one power amplifier configured to amplify the modulated signal to an appropriate power level suitable for transmission over the wireless medium. The transmit chain may also include one or more antennas 710 for transmitting the amplified signal into the air or wireless medium.
[0207] A receive chain may be configured to receive signals (e.g., control information, data, packets) over a wireless medium. For example, the receive chain may include one or more antennas 710 for receive the signal over the air or wireless medium. The receive chain may include at least one amplifier (e.g., a low-noise amplifier (LNA) ) configured to amplify the received signal. The receive chain may include at least one demodulator configured to demodulate the receive signal and obtain the transmitted data by reversing the modulation technique applied during transmission of the signal. The receive chain may include at least one decoder for decoding the processing the demodulated signal to receive the transmitted data.
[0208] Fig. 8 illustrates an example of a device 800 that supports sensing task assignment to a UE 104 in accordance with other aspects of the present disclosure. The device 800 may be an example of the second apparatus (i.e., the AMF 120) as described herein. The device 800 may support wireless communication with one or more network entities 102, UEs 104, or any combination thereof. The device 800 may include components for bi-directional communications including components for transmitting and receiving communications, such as a processor 802, a memory 804, a transceiver 806, and, optionally, an I / O controller 808. These components may be in electronic communication or otherwise coupled (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more interfaces (e.g., buses) .
[0209] The processor 802, the memory 804, the transceiver 806, or various combinations thereof or various components thereof may be examples of means for performing various aspects of the present disclosure as described herein. For example, the processor 802, the memory 804, the transceiver 806, or various combinations or components thereof may support a method for performing one or more of the operations described herein.
[0210] In some implementations, the processor 802, the memory 804, the transceiver 806, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in hardware (e.g., in communications management circuitry) . The hardware may include a processor, a digital signal processor (DSP) , an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) , a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof configured as or otherwise supporting a means for performing the functions described in the present disclosure. In some implementations, the processor 802 and the memory 804 coupled with the processor 802 may be configured to perform one or more of the functions described herein (e.g., executing, by the processor 802, instructions stored in the memory 804) .
[0211] For example, the processor 802 may support wireless communication at the device 800 in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The processor 802 may be configured to operable to support a means for the following: receiving a first message; determining, based on the first message, to provide a first status of the UE to a first apparatus, the first status of the UE comprising a connection status of the UE or an energy status of the UE; and providing the first status of the UE to the first apparatus for assignment of a sensing task to the UE.
[0212] The processor 802 may include an intelligent hardware device (e.g., a general-purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, a microcontroller, an ASIC, an FPGA, a programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic component, a discrete hardware component, or any combination thereof) . In some implementations, the processor 802 may be configured to operate a memory array using a memory controller. In some other implementations, a memory controller may be integrated into the processor 802. The processor 802 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in a memory (e.g., the memory 804) to cause the device 800 to perform various functions of the present disclosure.
[0213] The memory 804 may include random access memory (RAM) and read-only memory (ROM) . The memory 804 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code including instructions that, when executed by the processor 802 cause the device 800 to perform various functions described herein. The code may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as system memory or another type of memory. In some implementations, the code may not be directly executable by the processor 802 but may cause a computer (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform functions described herein. In some implementations, the memory 804 may include, among other things, a basic I / O system (BIOS) which may control basic hardware or software operation such as the interaction with peripheral components or devices.
[0214] The I / O controller 808 may manage input and output signals for the device 800. The I / O controller 808 may also manage peripherals not integrated into the device M02. In some implementations, the I / O controller 808 may represent a physical connection or port to an external peripheral. In some implementations, the I / O controller 808 may utilize an operating system such as or another known operating system. In some implementations, the I / O controller 808 may be implemented as part of a processor, such as the processor 806. In some implementations, a user may interact with the device 800 via the I / O controller 808 or via hardware components controlled by the I / O controller 808.
[0215] In some implementations, the device 800 may include a single antenna 810. However, in some other implementations, the device 800 may have more than one antenna 810 (i.e., multiple antennas) , including multiple antenna panels or antenna arrays, which may be capable of concurrently transmitting or receiving multiple wireless transmissions. The transceiver 806 may communicate bi-directionally, via the one or more antennas 810, wired, or wireless links as described herein. For example, the transceiver 806 may represent a wireless transceiver and may communicate bi-directionally with another wireless transceiver. The transceiver 806 may also include a modem to modulate the packets, to provide the modulated packets to one or more antennas 810 for transmission, and to demodulate packets received from the one or more antennas 810. The transceiver 806 may include one or more transmit chains, one or more receive chains, or a combination thereof.
[0216] A transmit chain may be configured to generate and transmit signals (e.g., control information, data, packets) . The transmit chain may include at least one modulator for modulating data onto a carrier signal, preparing the signal for transmission over a wireless medium. The at least one modulator may be configured to support one or more techniques such as amplitude modulation (AM) , frequency modulation (FM) , or digital modulation schemes like phase-shift keying (PSK) or quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) . The transmit chain may also include at least one power amplifier configured to amplify the modulated signal to an appropriate power level suitable for transmission over the wireless medium. The transmit chain may also include one or more antennas 810 for transmitting the amplified signal into the air or wireless medium.
[0217] A receive chain may be configured to receive signals (e.g., control information, data, packets) over a wireless medium. For example, the receive chain may include one or more antennas 810 for receive the signal over the air or wireless medium. The receive chain may include at least one amplifier (e.g., a low-noise amplifier (LNA) ) configured to amplify the received signal. The receive chain may include at least one demodulator configured to demodulate the receive signal and obtain the transmitted data by reversing the modulation technique applied during transmission of the signal. The receive chain may include at least one decoder for decoding the processing the demodulated signal to receive the transmitted data.
[0218] Fig. 9 illustrates a flowchart of a method 900 that supports sensing task assignment to a UE in accordance with other aspects of the present disclosure. The method 900 may be implemented at a second apparatus. The operations of the method 900 may be implemented by a device or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 900 may be performed by the AMF 120 as described herein. In some implementations, the device may execute a set of instructions to control the function elements of the device to perform the described functions. Additionally, or alternatively, the device may perform aspects of the described functions using special-purpose hardware.
[0219] At 910, the method may include receiving a first message. The operation of 910 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operation of 910 may be performed by a device as described with reference to Fig. 1A.
[0220] At 920, the method may include determining, based on the first message, to provide a first status of the UE to a first apparatus, the first status of the UE comprising a connection status of the UE or an energy status of the UE. The operation of 920 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operation of 920 may be performed by a device as described with reference to Fig. 1A.
[0221] At 930, the method may include providing the first status of the UE to the first apparatus for assignment of a sensing task to the UE. The operation of 930 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operation of 930 may be performed by a device as described with reference to Fig. 1A.
[0222] It should be noted that the implementations of the present disclosure which have been described with reference to Figs. 2A to 6B are also applied to the method 800. Details of the implementations are omitted for brevity.
[0223] It should be noted that the methods described herein describes possible implementations, and that the operations and the steps may be rearranged or otherwise modified and that other implementations are possible. Further, aspects from two or more of the methods may be combined.
[0224] The various illustrative blocks and components described in connection with the disclosure herein may be implemented or performed with a general-purpose processor, a DSP, an ASIC, a CPU, an FPGA or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but in the alternative, the processor may be any processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. A processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices (e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other such configuration.
[0225] The functions described herein may be implemented in hardware, software executed by a processor, firmware, or any combination thereof. If implemented in software executed by a processor, the functions may be stored on or transmitted over as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium. Other examples and implementations are within the scope of the disclosure and appended claims. For example, due to the nature of software, functions described herein may be implemented using software executed by a processor, hardware, firmware, hardwiring, or combinations of any of these. Features implementing functions may also be physically located at various positions, including being distributed such that portions of functions are implemented at different physical locations.
[0226] Computer-readable media includes both non-transitory computer storage media and communication media including any medium that facilitates transfer of a computer program from one place to another. A non-transitory storage medium may be any available medium that may be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer. By way of example, non-transitory computer-readable media may include RAM, ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM) , flash memory, compact disk (CD) ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transitory medium that may be used to carry or store desired program code means in the form of instructions or data structures and that may be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer, or a general-purpose or special-purpose processor.
[0227] As used herein, including in the claims, an article “a” before an element is unrestricted and understood to refer to “at least one” of those elements or “one or more” of those elements. The terms “a, ” “at least one, ” “one or more, ” and “at least one of one or more” may be interchangeable. As used herein, including in the claims, “or” as used in a list of items (e.g., a list of items prefaced by a phrase such as “at least one of” or “one or more of” or “one or both of” ) indicates an inclusive list such that, for example, a list of at least one of A, B, or C means A or B or C or AB or AC or BC or ABC (i.e., A and B and C) . Also, as used herein, the phrase “based on” shall not be construed as a reference to a closed set of conditions. For example, an example step that is described as “based on condition A” may be based on both a condition A and a condition B without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. In other words, as used herein, the phrase “based on” shall be construed in the same manner as the phrase “based at least in part on. Further, as used herein, including in the claims, a “set” may include one or more elements.
[0228] The description herein is provided to enable a person having ordinary skill in the art to make or use the disclosure. Various modifications to the disclosure will be apparent to a person having ordinary skill in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other variations without departing from the scope of the disclosure. Thus, the disclosure is not limited to the examples and designs described herein but is to be accorded the broadest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims
1.A first apparatus, comprising:at least one memory; andat least one processor coupled with the at least one memory and configured to cause the first apparatus to:obtain a first status of a user equipment (UE) , the first status of the UE comprising a connection status of the UE or an energy status of the UE; anddetermine, based at least on the first status of the UE, first sensing capability information of the UE for assignment of a sensing task to the UE.2.The first apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first apparatus obtaining the first status of the UE includes:receiving a sensing message from a second apparatus;providing, based on the sensing message, a request for the first status to the second apparatus, a third apparatus or the UE; andobtaining, from the second apparatus, the third apparatus or the UE, a response comprising the first status.3.The first apparatus of claim 2, wherein the request indicates whether a connection management (CM) state of the UE or a radio resource control (RRC) state of the UE is requested.4.The first apparatus of claim 2, wherein the request indicates the second apparatus, the third apparatus or the UE to provide the updated first status based on update of the first status.5.The first apparatus of claim 2, wherein the sensing message further comprises a first set of statuses of the UE and a second set of sensing capability information of the UE, each of the sensing capability information is associated with one of the statues, and the first set of statuses comprises a set of connection statuses of the UE or a set of energy statuses of the UE; andwherein the first apparatus determining the first sensing capability information includes:determining the first sensing capability information based on the first status, the first set of statuses and the second set of sensing capability information.6.The first apparatus of claim 5, wherein the second set of sensing capability information comprises one of the following:at least one indicator, each of the at least one indicator indicating whether the UE supports sensing in one of the statuses,at least one sensing capability parameter,at least one index of at least one sensing capability parameter set, orat least one index of at least one sensing capability.7.The first apparatus of claim 1, wherein the connection status of the UE comprises a connection management (CM) state of the UE or a radio resource control (RRC) state of the UE, and the energy status of the UE comprises a battery level of the UE or a power mode of the UE.8.The first apparatus of any of claims 1-7, wherein the first apparatus comprises a sensing function (SF) , the second apparatus comprises an access and mobility management function (AMF) and the third apparatus comprises a network data analytics function (NWDAF) .9.A second apparatus, comprising:at least one memory; andat least one processor coupled with the at least one memory and configured to cause the second apparatus to:receive a first message;determine, based on the first message, to provide a first status of the UE to a first apparatus, the first status of the UE comprising a connection status of the UE or an energy status of the UE; andprovide the first status of the UE to the first apparatus for assignment of a sensing task to the UE.10.The second apparatus of claim 9, wherein the second apparatus receiving the first message includes:receiving a sensing message from the UE.11.The second apparatus of claim 9, wherein the second apparatus receiving the first message includes:receiving a request for the first status from the first apparatus.12.The second apparatus of claim 9, wherein the second apparatus receiving the first message includes:receiving an indication from the UE, the indication indicating the second apparatus to provide the first status of the UE to the first apparatus.13.The second apparatus of claim 11, wherein the request indicates whether a connection management (CM) state of the UE or a radio resource control (RRC) state of the UE is requested.14.The second apparatus of claim 11, wherein the request indicates the second apparatus to provide the first status based on update of the first status; andwherein the second apparatus providing the first status of the UE to the first apparatus includes:based on determining that the first status is updated, providing the updated first status to the first apparatus.15.The second apparatus of claim 10, wherein the sensing message further comprises a first set of statuses of the UE and a second set of sensing capability information of the UE, each of the sensing capability information is associated with one of the statues, and the first set of statuses comprises a set of connection statuses of the UE or a set of energy statuses of the UE.16.The second apparatus of claim 15, wherein the second set of sensing capability information comprises one of the following:at least one indicator, each of the at least one indicator indicating whether the UE supports sensing in one of the statuses,at least one sensing capability parameter,at least one index of the at least one sensing capability parameter, orat least one index of at least one sensing capability.17.The second apparatus of claim 9, wherein the connection status of the UE comprises a connection management (CM) state of the UE or a radio resource control (RRC) state of the UE, and the energy status of the UE comprises a battery level of the UE or a power mode of the UE.18.The second apparatus of any of claims 9-17, wherein the first apparatus comprises a sensing function (SF) and the second apparatus comprises an access and mobility management function (AMF) .19.A method performed by a first apparatus, the method comprising:obtaining a first status of a user equipment (UE) , the first status of the UE comprising a connection status of the UE or an energy status of the UE; anddetermining, based at least on the first status of the UE, first sensing capability information of the UE for assignment of a sensing task to the UE.20.A method performed by a second apparatus, the method comprising:receiving a first message;determining, based on the first message, to provide a first status of the UE to a first apparatus, the first status of the UE comprising a connection status of the UE or an energy status of the UE; andproviding the first status of the UE to the first apparatus for assignment of a sensing task to the UE.