Road element for a road, corresponding device and assembly therefor

Abstract

This road maintenance element for a road maintenance device comprises a base body, a locking bar (16) movable between locking and unlocking positions of the base body, and actuating means for moving the locking bar between the locking and unlocking positions. Blocking means (40) oppose movement of the locking bar towards its unlocking position. The blocking means include a friction surface of the base body (42) and a friction surface of the locking bar (44). Elastic means (62), located on the side of the locking bar opposite the base body, exert stress on the friction surface of the base body and the friction surface of the locking bar against each other. The blocking means define a release torque from which the locking bar moves towards its unlocking position.

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a road element of the type comprising: a base body, such as a buffer or frame, a movable locking bar between a locking position of the base body and an unlocking position of the base body, suitable actuation means for moving the locking bar between its locking position and its unlocking position, and locking means for the locking bar opposing movement of the locking bar from its locking position to or into its unlocking position.

[0002] Document FR2997973A1 describes a roadway device, such as a manhole cover, comprising a cover and a frame. On the inside of the cover is a movable locking bar that rotates between a locked and an unlocked position. In the locked position, the locking bar extends below a lip of the frame, thus preventing the cover from being lifted. The locking bar is connected to the cover by a screw whose head is located on the outside of the cover. The screw head actuates the locking bar and moves it between the locked and unlocked positions.

[0003] Other roadworks devices are for example known from documents EP1215342A1 FR2872182A1 and FR2794789A1.

[0004] EP1215342A1 discloses a locking assembly for a roadside device comprising a lock and a locking / unlocking key. The lock is suitable for locking the cover against the access opening.

[0005] FR2872182A1 discloses a road maintenance device, specifically an inspection chamber, comprising a frame and a cover. The cover is fitted with a lock.

[0006] FR2794789A1 describes a locking device comprising a pivot which extends into a prismatic head extending along the pivot axis and having a straight, in particular polygonal, cross section.

[0007] The invention aims to provide a road element for a road device that has significant security against opening by an unauthorized person, and this with economical means.

[0008] To this end, the invention relates to a road element for a road device as indicated above, characterized in that the blocking means include a base body friction surface and a locking bar friction surface, the base body friction surface and the locking bar friction surface bearing against each other, and elastic means stressing the base body friction surface and the locking bar friction surface against each other, in that the elastic means are disposed on the side of the locking bar opposite the base body, and in that the locking means define a unlocking torque, which is the torque from which the locking bar moves from its locking position to or into its unlocking position.

[0009] Depending on the specific embodiment of the road element, it may include one or more of the following characteristics: the actuation means include an actuating head and an actuating rod, wherein the actuating head is adapted to cooperate with a coupling nut intended to be mounted on an actuating key, and wherein the actuating rod extends along an axis of rotation; the base body friction surface includes at least one partial base body friction surface and the locking bar friction surface includes at least one associated partial locking bar friction surface, and wherein each partial base body friction surface applies to the associated partial locking bar friction surface, and wherein each partial base body friction surface and the associated partial locking bar friction surface constitute a pair of partial friction surfaces;the base body friction surface and the locking bar friction surface are located radially with respect to the axis of rotation outside the actuating head; at least one partial base body friction surface and the associated partial locking bar friction surface(s) are located radially with respect to the axis of rotation entirely outside the actuating head;the base body friction surface includes at least one additional base body friction partial surface and the locking bar friction surface includes at least one associated additional locking bar friction partial surface, wherein the additional base body friction partial surface and the associated additional locking bar friction partial surface constitute a pair of additional friction partial surfaces and wherein at least the pair of friction partial surfaces and the pair of additional friction partial surfaces are arranged radially opposite each other with respect to the axis of rotation;The road element comprises a safety ring surrounding the actuating head and disposed between the actuating head and the base body, wherein the safety ring is free to rotate relative to the actuating head; the safety ring comprises a safety collar surrounding the actuating head and comprising an annular edge projecting from the actuating head; the actuating head comprises two actuating ports spaced apart from the axis of rotation by an angle less than 180°, in particular less than 90° and preferably less than 60°, and wherein the angle is greater than 5° and in particular greater than 10°; the actuating head comprises a central lug; and the elastic means comprise a spring, in particular the spring comprising one or more Belleville washers.

[0010] The invention also relates to a road device comprising a road element as defined above and a complementary base body, in particular wherein the base body is a buffer and the complementary base body is a frame adapted to receive the buffer.

[0011] Depending on specific implementations of the road system, it may include one or more of the following characteristics: in the case where the basic body is a cover and the complementary basic body is a frame adapted to receive the cover, the road element includes an auxiliary locking bar, the auxiliary locking bar having a free end which is adapted to extend on the side of the frame opposite the cover when the cover is disposed in the frame, and the auxiliary locking bar being adapted to oppose a rectilinear translational lifting of the cover out of the frame when the cover is disposed in the frame; and the road device includes a hinge connecting the cover to the frame.

[0012] The invention also relates to a road system comprising: a roadworks element for a roadworks device as defined above, a coupling nut, the coupling nut being adapted to cooperate with the actuating head, and the coupling nut being adapted to be mounted on an actuating key and to transmit the release torque to the actuating head.

[0013] The invention will be better understood upon reading the following description, given solely by way of example and made with reference to the attached drawings, in which: [ Fig 1 ] There Figure 1 shows in perspective a road device according to the invention, in this case a roadway manhole, in the open state, the auxiliary blocking bar being omitted; [ Fig 2 ] There Figure 2 shows in perspective, seen from below, the road network of the Figure 1 , the road device being in the closed and locked state; Fig 3 ] There Figure 3 shows a plan view from below of a portion of the road device according to the invention, the road device being in the closed and locked state; Fig 4 ] There Figure 4 is a view corresponding to that of the Figure 3 , the road device being in the closed and unlocked state; Fig 5 ] There Figure 5 is a partial cross-sectional view of part of the road network according to plan VV of the Figure 3 ; Fig 6 ] There Figure 6 is a view corresponding to that of the Figure 5 , the Belleville washers, the clamping ring and the nut being omitted; Fig 7 ] There Figure 7 is a perspective view from above of a portion of the roadworks device according to the invention, showing the safety ring and the actuating head; [ Fig 8 ] There Figure 8 shows in perspective a coupling nut to be mounted on an actuation key for a road assembly according to the invention; [ Fig 9 ] There Figure 9 is a perspective view from above of part of a road system according to the invention; and [ Fig 10 ] There Figure 10 shows a perspective view of a road system according to the invention, including the road system according to the invention.

[0014] On the Figure 1 A perspective view of a roadway device according to the invention, designated by general reference numeral 2, is shown. In this case, the roadway device is a roadway manhole. The roadway device 2 defines an exterior side E and an interior side 1.

[0015] The road system 2 generally extends around a central axis XX. In what follows, unless otherwise indicated, the terms "radially", "axially" and "circumferentially" will be used with respect to the central axis XX.

[0016] The road system comprises a basic body, in this case a cover 4, and a complementary basic body which is complementary to the basic body, in this case a frame 6. The frame 6 delimits an access opening 8, for example to an underground installation, and the frame 6 is adapted to receive the cover 4 in order to close the access opening 8. The frame 6 extends along a central frame axis coinciding with the central axis XX.

[0017] The road device 2 includes a hinge 10 which connects the cover 4 to the frame 6 between an open position ( Figure 1 ) and a closing position ( Figures 2 And 10 ) around an articulation axis AA. The hinge 10 is designed such that at least when the buffer 4 is in its closed position, the hinge 10 attaches the buffer 4 to the frame 6.

[0018] The road device 2 includes a road element 12 comprising the basic body, in this case the cover 4. The road element 12 is provided with a lock 14 adapted to lock the cover 4 relative to the frame 6 in the closed position.

[0019] The lock 14 is equipped with a locking bar 16 which is movable between a locking position of the base body (see Figures 2 And 3 ) relative to the complementary base body and a base body unlocking position (see Figure 4 ) relative to the complementary base body. In its locked position, the locking bar 16 prevents the opening of the road device 2. In the unlocked position, the locking bar 16 allows the opening of the road device 2. In this case, between its locked and unlocked positions, the locking bar 16 is mobile in rotation around an axis of rotation YY.

[0020] The locking bar 16 is arranged on the base body, in this case the buffer 4. The locking bar 16 is carried by the base body, in this case the buffer 4. Also, in the unlocked position, the locking bar 16 is carried by the base body and / or is arranged on the base body, in this case the buffer 4.

[0021] The buffer 4 includes a buffer skirt 20. This buffer skirt 20 has a substantially cylindrical shape. The frame 6 includes a frame skirt 22 (or frame rebate) and a frame flange 24 extending radially inward from the frame skirt 22. In its locked position, the locking bar 16 extends radially outward from the buffer skirt 20 and is adapted to engage or engage below the frame flange 24.

[0022] In its unlocked position, the locking bar 16 is entirely located radially inside the buffer skirt 20 and outside the frame rim profile 24.

[0023] The road element 12 further includes actuation means 30 adapted to move the locking bar 16 between its locked and unlocked positions. In this case, the actuation means 30 comprise an actuation head 32 and an actuation rod 34 integral with each other, in this case as a single unit or piece.

[0024] The actuating rod 34 extends along an axis of rotation, which is identical to the axis of rotation YY.

[0025] The actuation means 30 also include an actuation opening 36 formed in the locking bar 16. The actuation opening 36 is traversed by the actuating rod 34. The actuating rod 34 and the actuation opening 36 have complementary non-circular cross-sections, such that the actuating rod 34 and the locking bar 16 are rotationally fixed about the axis of rotation YY. However, the locking bar 16 is axially movable relative to the actuating rod 34 along the axis of rotation YY. In this case, the actuating rod 34 and the actuation opening 36 have a circular cross-section with flats.

[0026] More generally, a rotation of the actuating head 32 therefore causes a rotation of the locking bar 16 around the axis of rotation YY.

[0027] The actuating head 32 is adapted to cooperate with a coupling nut 100 intended to be mounted on an actuating key (see below), in order to rotate the locking bar 16.

[0028] The road element 12 also includes blocking means 40 for the locking bar 16 which prevent the locking bar from moving from its locked position to or into its unlocked position ( Figure 5 More generally, the locking means 40 prevent the locking bar 16 from moving between its locked and unlocked positions. The locking means define a release torque, which is the torque at which the locking bar 16 moves from its locked position to or into its unlocked position. The release torque is, for example, greater than 50 Nm and advantageously greater than 75 Nm.

[0029] The locking means 40 include a base body friction surface 42, carried by the base body, and a locking bar friction surface 44, carried by the locking bar 16. The base body friction surface 42 and the locking bar friction surface 44 apply to each other.

[0030] In the present case, the base body friction surface 42 comprises a first partial base body friction surface 46 and the locking bar friction surface 44 comprises a first partial locking bar friction surface 47. The first partial base body friction surface 46 applies to the first partial locking bar friction surface 47.

[0031] In the present case, the base body friction surface 42 comprises a second partial base body friction surface 48 and the locking bar friction surface 44 comprises a second partial locking bar friction surface 49. The second partial base body friction surface 48 applies to the second partial locking bar friction surface 49.

[0032] Furthermore, the base body friction surface 42 includes a third partial base body friction surface 50 and the locking bar friction surface 44 includes a third partial locking bar friction surface 51. The third partial base body friction surface 50 applies to the third partial locking bar friction surface 51.

[0033] Furthermore, the base body friction surface 42 includes a fourth partial base body friction surface 52 and the locking bar friction surface 44 includes a fourth partial locking bar friction surface 53. The fourth partial base body friction surface 52 applies to the fourth partial locking bar friction surface 53.

[0034] Each time, one of the aforementioned partial friction surfaces of the base body and the partial friction surface of the locking bar associated with the partial friction surface of the base body form a pair of partial friction surfaces. For example, the first partial friction surface of the base body 46 and the first partial friction surface of the locking bar 47 form such a pair of partial friction surfaces.

[0035] Preferably, at least two of the pairs of partial friction surfaces are arranged radially opposite each other with respect to the axis of rotation YY. In order to distinguish these two pairs of partial friction surfaces, one of these surface pairs can be designated as the "additional pair of partial friction surfaces".

[0036] In the present case, the first partial friction surface of the base body 46 and the first partial friction surface of the locking bar 47 are arranged radially opposite the second partial friction surface of the base body 48 and the second partial friction surface of the locking bar 49 with respect to the axis of rotation YY. Also, for example, the first partial friction surface of the base body 46 and the first partial friction surface of the locking bar 47 are arranged radially opposite the fourth partial friction surface of the base body 52 and the fourth partial friction surface of the locking bar 53 with respect to the axis of rotation YY.

[0037] Similarly, the third partial friction surface of the base body 50 and the third partial friction surface of the locking bar 51 are arranged radially opposite the second partial friction surface of the base body 48 and the second partial friction surface of the locking bar 49 with respect to the axis of rotation YY. Also, for example, the third partial friction surface of the base body 50 and the third partial friction surface of the locking bar 51 are arranged radially opposite the fourth partial friction surface of the base body 52 and the fourth partial friction surface of the locking bar 53 with respect to the axis of rotation YY.

[0038] In the present case, also, the third partial friction surface of the base body 50 and the third partial friction surface of the locking bar 51 are arranged radially with respect to the axis of rotation YY between, on the one hand, the first partial friction surface of the base body 46 and the first partial friction surface of the locking bar 47 and, on the other hand, the axis of rotation YY.

[0039] In the present case, similarly, the second partial friction surface of the base body 48 and the second partial friction surface of the locking bar 49 are arranged radially with respect to the axis of rotation YY between, on the one hand, the fourth partial friction surface of the base body 52 and the fourth partial friction surface of the locking bar 53 and, on the other hand, the axis of rotation YY.

[0040] In this case, the locking bar 16 comprises a locking arm 56, a central core 58 and a support arm 60. In the locking position of the locking bar 16, the locking arm 56 is engaged below the rim 24 of frame 6.

[0041] In this case, the first partial friction surface of the locking bar 47 is carried by the support arm 60. Advantageously, the first partial friction surface of the locking bar 47 is formed by a free end of this support arm 60. This support arm 60 extends, for example, substantially parallel to the axis of rotation YY.

[0042] In this case, the second partial friction surface of the locking bar 49 is arranged on the central web 58. For example, the second partial friction surface of the locking bar 49 is formed by a projection of the central web 58.

[0043] In this case, the third partial friction surface of the locking bar 51 is disposed on the central web 58. For example, the third partial friction surface of the locking bar 51 is formed by a projection of the central web 58.

[0044] In this case, the fourth partial friction surface of the locking bar 53 is arranged on the locking arm 56.

[0045] In this case, the fourth partial friction surface of the basic body 52 is arranged on the buffer skirt 20.

[0046] In the unrepresented variant, one, two, or three of the aforementioned pairs of partial friction surfaces, each pair of which consists of one of the basic body partial friction surfaces and the associated locking bar partial friction surface, is or are omitted.

[0047] The locking means 40 include elastic means 62 applying friction between the base body friction surface 42 and the locking bar friction surface 44.

[0048] The elastic means 62 are arranged on the side of the locking bar 16 opposite the base body, in this case opposite the buffer 4. Preferably, the elastic means 62 include a spring. In this case, the spring comprises one or more overlapping Belleville washers 64, for example, four groups of three Belleville washers, for a total of 12 Belleville washers.

[0049] The locking means 40 also include in this case a nut 66 and a clamping ring 68 forming a stop surface for the Belleville washers 64. The nut 66 is screwed onto a thread 70 of the actuating rod 34. The unlocking torque is thus adjustable via the nut 66 and the thread 70.

[0050] Advantageously, the base body friction surface 42 and the locking bar friction surface 44 are located radially with respect to the rotation axis YY outside the actuating head 32. Preferably, at least one of the aforementioned pairs of partial friction surfaces is located radially with respect to the rotation axis YY entirely outside the actuating head 32. In this case, the pair of partial friction surfaces formed by the first base body partial friction surface 46 and the first locking bar partial friction surface 47 is located radially with respect to the rotation axis YY entirely outside the actuating head 32.Similarly, in this case the pair of partial friction surfaces formed by the fourth partial friction surface of the base body 52 and the fourth partial friction surface of the locking bar 53 is located radially with respect to the axis of rotation YY entirely outside the actuation head 32.

[0051] The road element 12 includes a safety ring 72 that surrounds the actuating head 32 and is positioned between the actuating head 32 and the base body, in this case the cover 4. The safety ring 72 is free to rotate relative to the actuating head 32. The safety ring 72 requires only a very low rotational torque to rotate around the actuating head 32, the torque being essentially limited to the rotational torque due to the friction force generated by gravity. This rotational torque is notably much lower than the aforementioned release torque.

[0052] The safety ring 72 comprises an inner flange 74 which engages below an outer flange 76 of the actuating head 32. These two flanges axially retain the safety ring relative to the actuating head. These two flanges define a positive clearance between the safety ring 72 and the actuating head 32, resulting in the free rotation of the safety ring 72.

[0053] The safety ring 72 has a frustoconical outer surface, and the base body, in this case the buffer 4, has a frustoconical inner surface that complements the frustoconical outer surface of the safety ring 72. These two surfaces also bear against each other with a positive clearance, resulting in the rotational freedom of the safety ring 72. Thus, the rotation of the safety ring 72 alone is not sufficient to drive the actuating head 32 around the axis YY. These frustoconical outer and inner surfaces flare outwards from the actuating rod 34, i.e., outwards E. The opening angle of the frustoconical surfaces is chosen so that the safety ring 72 is essentially free to rotate around the actuating head 32.

[0054] Furthermore (see Figure 7 ), the safety ring 72 includes a safety collar 78 which surrounds the actuating head 32 and which includes an annular edge 80 which projects axially from the actuating head 32 relative to the axis of rotation YY.

[0055] The basic body, therefore in this case the buffer 4, advantageously includes a basic body collar 82 which surrounds the safety ring 72. Advantageously, the annular edge 80 is axially flush with the basic body collar 82 relative to the axis of rotation YY.

[0056] The actuation head 32 comprises two actuation ports 84 which are separated from each other with respect to the axis of rotation YY by an angle α which is less than 180°, in particular less than 90° and preferably equal to or less than 60°. The angle α is greater than 5° and in particular greater than 10°. The actuation ports 84 are eccentric with respect to the axis of rotation YY.

[0057] Advantageously, the actuating head 32 includes a central lug 86 (see Figure 7 ). The central lug 86 extends coaxially with respect to the axis of rotation YY and preferably has a cylindrical shape with a circular cross-section.

[0058] The special shape of the actuating head 32 allows the unlocking torque to be transmitted and, combined with the safety ring 72, makes the application of this unlocking torque difficult or even impossible with common tools, such as pliers, screwdrivers, metal rods or bars, or even with a chisel and hammer.

[0059] In order to apply the release torque to the actuating head 32, the invention also includes a coupling nut 100 for mounting on an actuating key (not shown) and adapted to cooperate with the actuating head 32. The coupling nut 100 is a coupling element and is shown in perspective on the Figure 8 The coupling nut 100 extends along a central axis of the coupling nut ZZ. The coupling nut 100 has a shape complementary to the shape of the actuating head 32. Consequently, in this case, the coupling nut 100 comprises two actuating lugs 102 that are adapted to engage in the actuating ports 84. The actuating lugs 102 are offset from each other relative to the central axis of the coupling nut ZZ by an angle β that is identical to the angle α. The actuating lugs 102 are eccentric with respect to the central axis of the coupling nut ZZ.

[0060] The coupling nut 100 includes a central orifice 104. This central orifice 104 extends coaxially with respect to the central axis of the coupling nut ZZ and preferably has a cylindrical shape with a circular cross-section. The central orifice 104 is complementary to the central lug 86.

[0061] The external dimensions of the coupling nut 100 are such that the coupling nut 100 can engage in the safety ring 72.

[0062] The invention defines a road assembly 200 comprising the road element 12 and the coupling nut 100 (see Figure 9 ).

[0063] The road element 12 also includes an auxiliary blocking bar 300. This auxiliary blocking bar 300 is shown on the Figure 2 , but omitted on the Figure 1The auxiliary locking bar 300 is fixed to the manhole cover 4. The auxiliary locking bar 300 has a free end 302 that is adapted to extend on the side of the frame 6 opposite the manhole cover 4 when the manhole cover is positioned within the frame, i.e., when the roadworks device 2 is closed. More specifically, in this configuration, the free end 302 extends below the frame rim 24. The auxiliary locking bar 300 is thus adapted to resist, or prevents, the manhole cover 4 from being lifted out of the frame 6 when the manhole cover is positioned within the frame. The lifting movement that the locking bar 300 resists is a vertical movement in the installed state of the roadworks device 2, namely a rectilinear translational movement about the central axis XX.

[0064] Thus, when the hinge 10 is destroyed or disabled, for example during an attempted break-in, while the locking bar 16 is in its locked position, the auxiliary locking bar 300 prevents the pad 4 from being lifted out of the frame. The free end 302 includes at least one hooking surface 304 that engages against the frame 6. Advantageously, the free end 302 is located, relative to the central axis XX, substantially opposite the locking bar 16. Similarly, and advantageously, the free end 302 is circumferentially aligned with the hinge 10 with respect to the central axis XX. The auxiliary locking bar 300, and more particularly its free end 302, allows the pad to rotate relative to the frame 6 around the pivot axis of the hinge 10.

[0065] The auxiliary locking bar 300 can be provided independently of the locking bar 16, the actuation means 30, and the locking means 40 described previously. The auxiliary locking bar 300 can, for example, be mounted on a road maintenance device equipped with a known lock suitable for locking the cover to the frame.

[0066] In an alternative not shown, the road device is an access hatch to underground installations, in particular an access hatch to telecommunications installations.

[0067] In an unrepresented variant, the basic body and the complementary basic body are reversed, i.e. the basic body is the frame 6 and the complementary basic body is the buffer 4. As a result, according to this variant, the locking bar 16 is arranged on the frame 6, and in the locking position, the locking bar cooperates with the buffer 4.

[0068] Alternatively, the Belleville 64 washers are replaced by other springs, such as helical springs.

[0069] The arrangement of the elements described above leads to a relatively uniform distribution of locking forces and a locking torque large enough for given clamping forces by elastic means.

[0070] The device according to the invention has a high level of safety and is economical to manufacture.

[0071] The preceding description contains technical features of the invention. These technical features, although presented in a technical context and possibly in combination with other technical features, can each time be used individually, without the other technical features, insofar as this is technically possible.

Claims

1. Roadway element for a roadway device, of the type comprising: - a basic body, such as a cover (4) or a frame (6), - a locking bar (16) movable between a locking position of the basic body and an unlocking position of the basic body, - actuation means (30) adapted to move the locking bar (16) between its locking position and its unlocking position, and - blocking means (40) of the locking bar (16) opposing a movement of the locking bar from its locking position to or into its unlocking position, characterized in thatthe locking means (40) comprise - a base body friction surface (42) and a locking bar friction surface (44), the base body friction surface and the locking bar friction surface bearing against each other, and - elastic means (62) applying stress to the base body friction surface and the locking bar friction surface against each other, in that the elastic means (62) are arranged on the side of the locking bar opposite the base body, and in that the locking means (40) define a unlocking torque, which is the torque from which the locking bar moves from its locking position to or into its unlocking position.

2. A road element for a road device, according to claim 1, wherein the actuation means (30) comprise an actuation head (32) and an actuation rod (34), wherein the actuation head (32) is adapted to cooperate with a coupling nut (100) intended to be mounted on an actuation key, and wherein the actuation rod (34) extends along an axis of rotation (YY).

3. A road element for a road device, according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the friction surface of the base body (42) comprises at least one partial friction surface of the base body (46, 48, 50, 52) and the friction surface of the locking bar (44) comprises at least one associated partial friction surface of the locking bar (47, 49, 51, 53), and wherein the or each partial friction surface of the base body (46, 48, 50, 52) applies to the associated partial friction surface of the locking bar (47, 49, 51, 53), and wherein each time a partial friction surface of the base body and the associated partial friction surface of the locking bar constitute a pair of partial friction surfaces.

4. Road element for road device, according to claim 2 or claims 2 and 3 taken together, wherein the friction surface of base body (42) and the friction surface of locking bar (44) are located radially with respect to the axis of rotation (YY) outside the actuating head (32).

5. Road element for road device, according to claim 4 or claims 3 and 4 taken together, wherein at least one partial friction surface of base body (46, 48, 50, 52) and the associated partial friction surface(s) of locking bar (47, 49, 51, 53) are located radially with respect to the axis of rotation entirely outside the actuating head (32).

6. Road element for road device, according to at least claim 3, wherein the base body friction surface (42) comprises at least one additional base body partial friction surface (46, 48, 50, 52) and the locking bar friction surface (44) comprises at least one associated additional locking bar partial friction surface (47, 49, 51, 53), wherein the additional base body partial friction surface (46, 48, 50, 52) and the associated additional locking bar partial friction surface (47, 49, 51, 53) constitute a pair of additional partial friction surfaces and wherein at least the pair of partial friction surfaces and the pair of additional partial friction surfaces are arranged radially opposite each other with respect to the axis of rotation (YY).

7. Road element for road device according to claim 2 or any one of claims 3 to 6 taken in dependence thereof from claim 2, wherein the road element comprises a safety ring (72) which surrounds the actuating head (32) and which is disposed between the actuating head and the base body, and wherein the safety ring (72) is free to rotate relative to the actuating head (32).

8. Road element for road device according to claim 7, in which the safety ring (72) includes a safety collar (78) which surrounds the actuating head and which includes an annular edge (80) projecting from the actuating head (32).

9. Road element for road device according to at least claim 2, wherein the actuation head comprises two actuation ports (84) which are separated from each other with respect to the axis of rotation (YY) by an angle (α) which is less than 180°, in particular less than 90° and preferably less than 60°, and in which the angle (α) is greater than 5° and in particular greater than 10°.

10. Road element for road device according to at least claim 2, wherein the actuation head comprises a central lug (86).

11. Road element for road device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the elastic means (62) comprise a spring, in particular the spring comprising one or more Belleville washers (64).

12. Roadway device (2) comprising a roadway element (12) according to any one of the preceding claims and a complementary base body, in particular wherein the base body is a manhole cover (4) and the complementary base body is a frame (6) adapted to receive the manhole cover.

13. A road device according to claim 12, wherein, where the basic body is a manhole cover (4) and the complementary basic body is a frame (6) adapted to receive the manhole cover, the road element (12) comprises an auxiliary locking bar (300), the auxiliary locking bar having a free end (302) which is adapted to extend from the side of the frame (6) opposite the manhole cover (4) when the manhole cover is disposed in the frame, and the auxiliary locking bar (300) being adapted to oppose a rectilinear translational lifting of the manhole cover out of the frame when the manhole cover is disposed in the frame.

14. Road device according to claim 13, wherein the road device comprises a hinge (10) connecting the cover to the frame.

15. Road assembly (200) comprising: - a road element (12) for a road device according to at least claim 2, - a coupling nut (100), the coupling nut being adapted to cooperate with the actuating head (32), and - the coupling nut being adapted to be mounted on an actuating key and to transmit the release torque to the actuating head (32).

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