Damper for a fitting for the movable mounting of a rotating or removable element

Abstract

The invention relates to a damper (9) for an accessory (4) for the movable mounting of a pivoting element (3) or a removable element, in particular for the movable mounting of a furniture part (3a), a window, or a door, with respect to a fixed support (2), comprising: a damper housing (10), at least one fluid chamber (25) disposed in the damper housing (10), a damping fluid disposed in the fluid chamber (25), at least one piston (17) movably mounted in the fluid chamber (25), and at least one sealing element (18), preferably an annular sealing element, having at least a first section (18a) that rests or can rest against an inner wall (10a) of the fluid chamber (25), said at least one sealing element (18) having at least a second section (18b), preferably a substantially annular second section,which is disposed at a distance from the inner wall (10a) of the fluid chamber (25) and which can be moved, preferably pivoted, tilted and / or extended radially, in relation to the first section (18a) which rests or can rest against the inner wall (10a) of the fluid chamber (25) when a damping stroke is performed above a specified threshold of a pressure applied to the piston (17).

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a damper for a fitting for the movable mounting of a pivoting element or an extension element, in particular for the movable mounting of a furniture part, a window or a door, relative to a stationary support, comprising: a damper housing, at least one fluid chamber arranged in the damper housing, a damping fluid arranged in the fluid chamber, at least one piston slidably mounted in the fluid chamber, at least one, preferably ring-shaped, sealing element which at least with a first section abuts or can be abutted an inner wall of the fluid chamber.

[0002] Furthermore, the invention relates to a fitting with at least one damper of the type to be described, wherein the fitting is designed in particular as a hinge, as a furniture drive or as a drawer slide guide for moving a movable furniture part.

[0003] Such dampers are used, for example, to dampen the movement of pivoting or pull-out elements (such as drawers, doors, flaps or windows) or of movable furniture fittings, so that loud slamming and damage to the pivoting or pull-out elements are prevented.

[0004] The damping effect of a damper is generated by the flow resistance of a damping fluid located in a damper housing. When pressurized, the piston is moved within the fluid chamber, whereby the damping fluid flows from the high-pressure side to the low-pressure side through piston openings and / or through a gap formed between the piston and an inner wall of the fluid chamber and / or through at least one groove arranged on an inner wall of the fluid chamber.

[0005] If the piston is subjected to excessive pressure, for example due to misuse, a phenomenon known as damper bounce can occur. In such an overload situation, the damping fluid can no longer flow sufficiently through or around the piston. The increased pressure can then no longer be relieved by the damper, causing the piston and the attached piston rod to stop abruptly or rebound. In extreme cases, the damper housing can rupture due to the increased pressure, and the hydraulic damping fluid can escape from the damper housing.

[0006] AT 10 342 U1 discloses a furniture damper with a cylinder and a piston that is movable within the cylinder. The piston has at least one overload orifice for the passage of a damping fluid. Furthermore, a sealing element that is movable relative to the piston is provided, allowing the piston's overload orifice to be closed at the beginning of the damping stroke. Under normal operating conditions, the damping fluid can only flow through an annular gap formed between the piston and an inner wall of the cylinder. As the pressure increases, the sealing element expands radially, reducing the annular gap and thus increasing the flow resistance for the piston. In the event of an overload, the sealing element expands radially until the piston's overload orifice is released, resulting in rapid pressure release within the cylinder.

[0007] A disadvantage of the AT 10 342 U1 is that the annular sealing element has a material cross-section that defines both its expansion properties and its stiffness. If the sealing element material is too soft, it may still make sufficient contact with the inner wall of the cylinder, but the piston's overload port will open too quickly. Conversely, if the sealing element material is too hard, it will not make sufficient contact with the inner wall of the cylinder, resulting in the piston's overload port opening too late. Another disadvantage is that manufacturing tolerances on the inner wall of the cylinder and in the area of ​​the overload port cannot be adequately compensated for by the annular sealing element. Overall, the damper's range of applications is limited.

[0008] US 8 220 602 B2 reveals a damper for a furniture fitting.

[0009] The object of the present invention is therefore to provide a damper of the type mentioned at the outset, avoiding the disadvantages discussed above.

[0010] This is achieved according to the invention by the features of claim 1. Further advantageous embodiments of the present invention are defined in the dependent claims.

[0011] According to the invention, the at least one sealing element has at least one, preferably substantially annular, second section which is spaced away from the inner wall of the fluid chamber and which, in the case of a damping stroke, is movable, preferably pivotable, tiltable and / or radially extendable, relative to the first section which is in contact with or can be in contact with the inner wall of the fluid chamber above a predetermined threshold of pressure being applied to the piston.

[0012] In other words, at least one sealing element has a first section, wherein the first section is located against an inner wall of the fluid chamber for sealing the fluid chamber, or, in the case of a damping stroke design, can be located against an inner wall of the fluid chamber.

[0013] The sealing element also has a second section which, above a predetermined pressure threshold on the piston, is movable, pivotable, tiltable and / or radially expandable relative to the first section.

[0014] According to the invention, the second section of the at least one sealing element is pivotable, tiltable, and / or radially extendable above the predetermined pressure threshold on the piston in the direction of the inner wall of the fluid chamber, wherein at least one overload channel, preferably arranged in the piston, is openable. When a damping stroke is implemented below the predetermined pressure threshold on the piston, the at least one overload channel, which is preferably arranged in the at least one piston, is covered by the second section of the at least one sealing element and at least partially released by the second section of the at least one sealing element above the predetermined pressure threshold on the piston.

[0015] Further details and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following description of the figures. Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of a piece of furniture with a pivoting element and fittings for the movable mounting of the pivoting element. Figs. 2a and 2b show perspective views of a fitting with a damper in a separate state and in a connected state. Figs. 3a-3c show an embodiment of a damper according to the invention in various views and in two different operating positions of the sealing element. Figs. 4a-4d show the damper in an exploded view and the piston arrangement in various views. Figs. 5a-5c show the damper in a cross-section and enlarged detail views with the sealing element in a normal state and in an overload state. Figs. 6a-6c show various embodiments of fittings with a damper.

[0016] Fig. 1 Figure 1 shows a perspective view of a piece of furniture 1 with a stationary support 2 (for example in the form of a furniture body 2a), a movable swivel element 3 or pull-out element (for example in the form of a movable furniture part 3a) and at least one fitting 4 (for example in the form of hinges 4a) for the movable mounting of the swivel element 3 or pull-out element relative to the stationary support 2.

[0017] In the illustrated embodiment, the fittings 4 have a first fitting part 5 for attachment to the stationary support 2 and a second fitting part 6 for attachment to the pivoting element 3 or extension element, wherein the first fitting part 5 and the second fitting part 6 are articulated together.

[0018] The fitting 4 has at least one damper 9 (not shown here) which dampens the relative movement of the two fitting parts 5, 6 to each other. The damper 9 dampens the closing and / or opening movement of the pivot element 3 or extension element up to the fully closed and / or fully open end position relative to the stationary support 2.

[0019] Fig. 2a Figure 4 shows the fitting 4 in the form of a hinge 4a for the movable mounting of the pivoting element 3 relative to the stationary support 2. The fitting 4 comprises a first fitting part 5 for attachment to the stationary support 2 and a second fitting part 6 for attachment to the pivoting element 3, wherein the two fitting parts 5, 6 are pivotably connected to each other via at least one hinge lever 7, preferably at least two hinge levers 7.

[0020] According to one embodiment, it can be provided that the first fitting part 5 has a hinge arm and / or that the second fitting part 6 has a hinge cup.

[0021] The fitting 4 has at least one damper 9, by which a relative movement of the two fitting parts 5, 6 relative to each other can be dampened. The at least one damper 9 comprises a damper housing 10, for example cylindrical, wherein a piston rod 12 is slidably mounted relative to the damper housing 10.

[0022] The second fitting part 6 has a hole 14, wherein the piston rod 12 of the damper 9 is passed through the hole 14 in an assembled state.

[0023] In the illustrated embodiment, the damper 9 can be arranged on an outer surface of the second fitting part 6 via at least one mounting point 13. In a mounted state, the damper 9 is arranged below a mounting flange 15 of the second fitting part 6, wherein the second fitting part 6 together with the damper 9 can be arranged partially within a single cylindrical bore of the pivoting element 3.

[0024] Fig. 2b shows the fitting 4 in the form of the hinge 4a according to Fig. 2a with the damper 9 in a mounted state.

[0025] Fig. 3a Figure 1 shows the damper 9 in a perspective cross-section. The damper 9 comprises a damper housing 10, at least one fluid chamber 25 arranged in the damper housing 10, a damping fluid arranged in the fluid chamber 25, at least one piston 17 slidably mounted in the fluid chamber 25, and at least one, preferably annular, sealing element 18, which bears or can bear against an inner wall 10a of the fluid chamber 25 with at least a first section 18a.

[0026] The damping fluid may contain a hydraulic damping fluid (for example, silicone oil) and possibly solid particles.

[0027] Furthermore, the sealing element 18 has at least one, preferably substantially annular, second section 18b, which in normal operation of the damper 9 (i.e. below a predetermined threshold of pressure on the piston 17) is separated from the inner wall 10a of the fluid chamber 25, preferably forming a gap 22 ( Fig. 3b ), is spaced apart.

[0028] The piston 17 has at least one overload channel 23, which is closed by the second section 18b of the sealing element 18 during normal operation of the damper 9 (i.e., below a predetermined threshold of pressure being applied to the piston 17). The overload channel 23 can have at least one passage 23a arranged in the piston 17, preferably several passages 23a.

[0029] The damper 9 has at least one return channel 24 which can be opened when the piston 17 moves in a direction opposite to the damping stroke. For example, it can be provided that the at least one sealing element 18 is movable relative to the at least one piston 17, wherein the at least one sealing element 18 closes the return channel 24 in a first relative position to the piston 17 and opens the return channel 24 in a second relative position to the piston 17, and / or the return channel 24 comprises at least one recess 24a arranged in the piston 17, preferably several recesses 24a, particularly preferably wherein the at least one recess 24a is arranged on a circumferential edge of the piston 17, and / or the return channel 24 has an axial gap 34 ( Fig. 5b ) between the at least one piston 17 and the at least one sealing element 18, preferably wherein the size of the axial gap (34) can be changed when the piston (17) moves in a direction opposite to the damping stroke.

[0030] The damper 9 further comprises a return spring 19 (for example, a compression spring designed as a coil spring) by which the piston 17 can be at least partially returned to its initial position after a damping stroke has taken place. The return spring 19 can be supported against an end surface 21 of the fluid chamber 25 and pushes the piston 17 in a direction opposite to the damping stroke.

[0031] Furthermore, the damper 9 has at least one volume compensation device 20, by which a volume of the damping fluid displaced by the piston rod 12 when immersing it in the fluid chamber 25 can be compensated.

[0032] The fluid chamber 25 can be closed by means of a closure element 16.

[0033] Fig. 3b shows damper 9 according to Fig. 3a in a cross-section, wherein the sealing element 18 is in a resting state. The sealing element 18 has a first section 18a, which abuts or can be abutted against the inner wall 10a of the fluid chamber 25. A second section 18b of the sealing element 18 is spaced apart from the inner wall 10a of the fluid chamber 25, forming a gap 22.

[0034] The first section 18a and the at least one second section 18b of the sealing element 18 are spaced apart from each other in a longitudinal direction (L) of the damper housing 10.

[0035] The first section 18a and the at least one second section 18b of the sealing element 18 form essentially a Z-shape in a longitudinal section and at least in a rest state of the damper 9.

[0036] The sealing element 18 can, for example, be made of a thermoplastic elastomer (TPE).

[0037] According to the invention, the first section 18a and the second section 18b of the sealing element 18 are formed in one piece and movably connected to each other, for example via a film hinge.

[0038] In principle, it would also be conceivable, but not according to the invention, that the two sections 18a, 18b of the sealing element 18 are designed as separate components, in particular also made of different materials.

[0039] The damper 9 has at least one flow channel 27, which is preferably arranged on the inner wall 10a of the fluid chamber 25, wherein the damping fluid flows through the flow channel 27 in one embodiment of a damping stroke.

[0040] According to preferred embodiments, it can be provided that the at least one volume compensation device 20 at least one seal 20a, through which the fluid chamber 25 can be sealed against the piston rod 12 and / or against an inner wall 10a of the damper housing 10, and / or at least one support element 20b, through which the at least one seal 20a can be guided in the damper housing 10, and / or at least one spring element 20c, through which the at least one seal 20a can be at least partially returned to an initial position after a damping stroke has taken place.

[0041] According to a preferred embodiment, it can be provided that the at least one spring element 20c is integrally combined with the at least one seal 20a and / or integrally combined with the at least one support element 20b to form a common compensation part 33.

[0042] Fig. 3c Figure 1 shows the damper 9 in an overload situation, i.e., a damping stroke with pressure applied to the piston 17 above a predetermined threshold value. In such an overload situation, the second section 18b of the sealing element 18 is bendable, tiltable, and / or radially expandable relative to the first section 18a in a direction towards the inner wall 10a of the fluid chamber 25. In this way, the gap 22 formed between the sealing element 18 and the inner wall 10a can be reduced, and the overload channel 23 of the piston 17 can be at least partially opened. This allows a larger quantity of the damping fluid to flow from the high-pressure side to the low-pressure side of the damper 9, thus reducing the increased pressure of the damping fluid in the overload situation.

[0043] Fig. 4a Figure 9 shows an exploded view of the damper 9. The damper housing 10 has at least one fluid chamber 25 for the slidable mounting of the piston 17. After a damping stroke, the piston 17 is at least partially returned to its initial position by a force from the return spring 19.

[0044] A limiting element 26 is to be attached to the piston 17, wherein the sealing element 18 is mounted so as to be displaceably limited between the limiting element 26 and the piston 17 in an assembled state. This ensures that the sealing element 18 can be positioned at a greater distance from the recesses 24a of the piston 17 when the return spring 19 moves it back. This allows a larger quantity of damping fluid to flow from the high-pressure side to the low-pressure side when the piston rod 12 is retracted, thus enabling a rapid return of the piston rod 12 to its initial position.

[0045] The sealing element 18 can be rotationally symmetrical, with the first section 18a having a larger diameter than the second section 18b.

[0046] Fig. 4b Figure 1 shows the damper 9, with the damper housing 10 omitted for clarity. The sealing element 18, comprising the first section 18a and the second section 18b, is axially displaceable between the piston 17 and the limiting element 26.

[0047] The piston 17 has at least one return channel 24 with at least one recess 24a, preferably with several recesses 24a. According to one embodiment, the at least one recess 24 can be arranged on a circumferential edge of the piston 17.

[0048] Fig. 4c shows damper 9 according to Fig. 4b The sealing element 18 is not shown for the sake of clarity. The overload channels 23 of the piston 17 are clearly visible in this figure, wherein the overload channels 23 comprise at least one passage 23a arranged in the piston 17, preferably several passages 23a. For example, it can be provided that the at least one passage 23a is arranged at a circumferential edge of the piston 17.

[0049] Fig. 4d Figure 1 shows a partial view of the piston 17. The piston 17 has at least one axial channel 36, preferably several axial channels 36, for the passage of the damping fluid. The axial channels 36 form part of the return channel 24, through which a larger quantity of damping fluid can flow from a first side of the piston 17 to a second side during the return stroke.

[0050] The at least one axial channel 36 can run parallel, conically, or radially to the longitudinal direction (L) of the damper housing 10. For example, the piston 17 can be provided with several axial channels 36, which are arranged on a circumferential edge of the piston 17, preferably symmetrically.

[0051] In the illustrated embodiment, the piston 17 has several passages 23a, which can be arranged symmetrically on a circumferential edge of the piston 17. In a damping stroke configuration, the passages 23a can be covered by the second section 18b of the sealing element 18 when the pressure on the piston 17 is below a predetermined threshold, and can be opened by the second section 18b of the sealing element 18 when the pressure on the piston 17 is above the predetermined threshold.

[0052] Particularly preferred are exactly three passages 23a provided, which are arranged offset by 120° at the circumferential edge of the piston 17.

[0053] In the illustrated embodiment, the piston 17 has at least one disk element 35 on which the at least one sealing element 18 can be supported, at least in one embodiment of the damping stroke.

[0054] Fig. 5a Figure 1 shows a cross-section of the damper 9, in which the sealing element 18 with its two sections 18a and 18b is visible. The first section 18a of the sealing element 18 rests against the inner wall 10a of the fluid chamber 25 or can be pressed against the inner wall 10a of the fluid chamber during the execution of a damping stroke. The second section 18b of the sealing element 18 is spaced away from the inner wall 10a during normal operation, forming a gap 22.

[0055] The damper 9 has at least one flow channel 27, which is preferably arranged on the inner wall 10a of the fluid chamber 25, wherein the damping fluid flows through the flow channel 27 in one embodiment of a damping stroke. Two or more flow channels 27 arranged on the inner wall 10a can also be provided.

[0056] The at least one flow channel 27 can be configured as an elongated groove. According to one embodiment, the cross-section of the at least one flow channel 27 can be configured to change in the direction of the damping stroke, preferably by continuously decreasing in size.

[0057] Fig. 5b shows the in Fig. 5a The circled area is shown in an enlarged view. When the piston 17 is moved below a predetermined threshold, the overload channel 23 with the passage 23a is closed by the second section 18b of the sealing element 18. In such normal operation, the damping fluid flows, preferably exclusively, through the at least one flow channel 27.

[0058] An axial gap 34 is visible between the piston 17 and the limiting element 26a, through which the sealing element 18 is movably mounted relative to the piston 17. When the piston 17 moves in a direction opposite to the damping stroke, the sealing element 18 can be pressed against the limiting element 26a, whereby the size of the gap 34 can be changed, and thus a larger quantity of damping fluid can flow from one side of the piston 17 to the other side when the piston rod 12 returns to its resting position.

[0059] Fig. 5c Figure 1 shows the overload situation, where the piston 17 is moved under pressure above a predetermined threshold. By bending or tilting the second section 18b relative to the first section 18a, the radial gap 22 formed between the piston 17 and the inner wall 10a can be reduced, thereby opening the overload channel 23 with the passage 23a through the second section 18b of the sealing element 18. In the case of overload, the damping fluid can therefore flow from the high-pressure side to the low-pressure side along the arrow shown.

[0060] Fig. 6a-6c show various fittings 4 for the movable mounting of a movable furniture part 3a.

[0061] Fig. 6a Figure 1 shows a fitting 4 in the form of a hinge 4a, which has a first fitting part 5 for attachment to the stationary support 2 and a second fitting part 6 for attachment to the movable furniture part 3a. The first fitting part 5 and the second fitting part 6 are pivotably connected to each other by at least one hinge lever 7, preferably at least two hinge levers 7. In the illustrated embodiment, the damper 9 with the damper housing 10 is mounted on the first fitting part 5, wherein the damper housing 10 is pressed in by the second fitting part 6 relative to the stationary piston rod 12 towards the end of the closing movement of the hinge 4a, thus damping the closing movement of the hinge 4a.

[0062] Fig. 6b Figure 1 shows a fitting 4 in the form of a furniture drive 4b for moving a movable furniture part 3a. The furniture drive 4b comprises a base body 28 for attachment to the stationary support 2 (for example, the furniture carcass 2a), an actuating arm assembly 29 arranged on the base body 28 and connectable to the movable furniture part 3a for moving the movable furniture part 3a, and a force storage device 30 for applying force to the actuating arm assembly 29. Towards the end of the closing movement, the damper housing 10 of the damper 9 can be pressed in relative to the stationary piston rod 12 by a pivoting actuating arm 29a of the actuating arm assembly 29, whereby the closing movement of the actuating arm assembly 29 is dampable.

[0063] Fig. 6cFigure 1 shows a fitting 4 in the form of a drawer slide 4c for moving a drawer relative to the furniture body 2. The drawer slide 4c comprises at least two guide rails 31, 32 that are movable relative to each other, wherein a movement of one guide rail 31, 32 towards the end of the closing movement can be damped by the damper 9 with the damper housing 10.

Claims

1. A damper (9) for a fitting (4) for movably supporting a pivoting element (3) or a pull-out element, in particular for movably supporting a furniture part (3a), a window or a door, relative to a stationary carrier (2), the damper (9) comprising: - a damper housing (10), - at least one fluid chamber (25) arranged in the damper housing (10), - a damping fluid arranged in the fluid chamber (25), - at least one piston (17) displaceably supported in the fluid chamber (25), - at least one, preferably ring-shaped, sealing element (18) having at least a first section (18a) which bears against or which is configured to bear against an inner wall (10a) of the fluid chamber (25), - wherein the at least one sealing element (18) includes at least one, preferably substantially ring-shaped, second section (18b), the second section (18b) being spaced apart from the inner wall (10a) of the fluid chamber (25) and being configured to be moved, preferably pivoted, tilted and / or radially widened, above a predetermined threshold value of a pressure application to the piston (17), relative to the first section (18a) which bears against or which is configured to bear against the inner wall (10a) of the fluid chamber (25), wherein - at least one streaming channel (27) is provided, preferably wherein the at least one streaming channel (27) is arranged on the inner wall (10a) of the fluid chamber (25), wherein the damping fluid streams through the streaming channel (27) when a damping stroke is performed during normal operation of the damper (9) below the predetermined threshold value of a pressure application to the piston (17), - wherein the piston (17) includes at least one overload channel (23) which, during normal operation of the damper (9), is closed by the second section (18b) of the sealing element (18), characterized in that - the second section (18b) of the at least one sealing element (18), in an overload case above the predetermined threshold value of a pressure application to the piston (17), is pivotable, tiltable and / or can be radially widened in a direction towards the inner wall (10a) of the fluid chamber (25), and - that the first section (18a) and the at least one second section (18b) of the sealing element (18) are formed together so as to have an integral one-piece configuration.

2. The damper (9) according to claim 1, wherein the at least one overload channel (23), which is arranged in the at least one piston (17), is covered by the second section (18b) of the at least one sealing element (18) when a damping stroke is performed below the predetermined threshold value of a pressure application to the piston (17), and is at least partially open above the predetermined threshold value of a pressure application to the piston (17).

3. The damper (9) according to claim 2, wherein the overload channel (23) includes at least one passage (23a), preferably a plurality of passages (23a), arranged in the piston (17), preferably wherein the at least one passage (23a) is arranged on a peripheral edge of the piston (17).

4. The damper (9) according to one of the claims 1 to 3, wherein the first section (18a) and the at least one second section (18b) of the sealing element (18) are spaced apart from each other in a longitudinal direction (L) of the damper housing (10).

5. The damper (9) according to one of the claims 1 to 4, wherein the at least one sealing element (18) is axially displaceably supported on the at least one piston (17), preferably in a limited manner.

6. The damper (9) according to one of the claims 1 to 5, wherein at least one return channel (24) is provided, the at least one return channel (24) being configured to be opened upon a movement of the piston (17) in a direction opposite the damping stroke.

7. The damper (9) according to claim 6, wherein - the at least one sealing element (18) is movable relative to the at least one piston (17), wherein the at least one sealing element (18) closes the return channel (24) in a first relative position to the piston (17), and opens the return channel (24) in a second relative position to the piston (17), and / or - the return channel (24) includes at least one recess (24a), preferably a plurality of recesses (24a), arranged in the piston (17), wherein it is particularly preferable that the at least one recess (24a) is arranged on a peripheral edge of the piston (17), and / or - the return channel (24) includes an axial gap (34) arranged between the at least one piston (17) and the at least one sealing element (18), preferably wherein a size of the axial gap (34) can be varied upon a movement of the piston (17) in a direction opposite the damping stroke.

8. The damper (9) according to one of the claims 1 to 7, wherein the at least one piston (17) includes at least one axial channel (36), preferably a plurality of axial channels (36), for the passage of the damping fluid.

9. The damper (9) according to one of the claims 1 to 8, wherein the at least one piston (17) includes at least one disc element (35) on which the at least one sealing element (18) can be supported at least when a damping stroke is performed.

10. The damper (9) according to one of the claims 1 to 9, wherein the first section (18a) and the at least one second section (18b) of the sealing element (18), in a longitudinal cross-section and at least in a resting condition of the damper (9), form substantially a Z-shape.

11. The damper (9) according to one of the claims 1 to 10, wherein the damper (9) includes a volume compensating device (20) configured to compensate for a displaceable volume of the damping fluid when the piston rod (12) is immersed into the fluid chamber (25), preferably wherein the volume compensating device (20) - includes at least one seal (20a) configured to seal the fluid chamber (25) relative to the piston rod (12) and / or relative to an inner wall (10a) of the damper housing (10), and / or - includes at least one support element (20b) configured to guide the at least one seal (20a) in the damper housing (10), and / or - includes at least one spring element (20c) configured to return the at least one seal (20a) at least partially in a direction of an initial position after a performed damping stroke.

12. The damper (9) according to claim 11, wherein the at least one spring element (20c) and the at least one seal (20a) and / or the at least one spring element (20c) and the at least one support element (20b) are formed together to a common compensating member (33) so as to have an integral one-piece configuration, preferably wherein the sealing element (18), the piston (17) and the compensating member (33) are arranged in an axial direction on a piston rod (12) connected to the piston (17).

13. The damper (9) according to one of the claims 1 to 12, wherein the damper (9) includes a return spring (19) configured to return the at least one piston (17), preferably wherein the return spring (19) can be supported on an end face (21) of the fluid chamber (25).

14. A fitting (4) for movably supporting a pivoting element (3) or a pull-out element, in particular for movably supporting a furniture part (3a), a window or a door, relative to a stationary carrier (2), wherein the damper (9) includes at least one damper (9) according to one of the claims 1 to 13, preferably wherein the fitting (4) is configured as a hinge (4a), as a furniture drive (4b) or as a drawer pull-out guide (4c) for moving a movable furniture part (3a).

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