A process for lightening keratin fibers using a peroxygenated salt, an osmolyte, and a hydroxylated polycarboxylic acid.

Abstract

A process for lightening keratin fibers using a peroxygenated salt, an osmolyte, and a hydroxylated polycarboxylic acid. The invention relates to a process for lightening keratin fibers, preferably human, particularly hair, in which said fibers are treated, in one or more steps, with one or more compositions containing, together or separately: (a) one or more peroxygenated salts; (b) one or more osmolytes; (c) one or more hydroxylated polycarboxylic acids, one of their salts or mixtures thereof; and (d) optionally, one or more additional oxidizing agent(s), different from the peroxygenated salts.

Description

Title of the invention: Process for lightening keratin fibers using a peroxygenated salt, an osmolyte and a hydroxylated polycarboxylic acid.

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for lightening keratin fibers, and in particular human keratin fibers such as hair, using one or more peroxygenated salts, one or more osmolytes and one or more hydroxylated polycarboxylic acids, one of their salts or mixtures thereof.

[0002] In the field of hair lightening, tone level is generally used to characterize the degree or level of lightening. The concept of "tone" is based on the classification of natural shades, with one tone separating each shade from the one immediately preceding or following it. This definition and the classification of natural shades are well known to hairdressing professionals and are published in the book "Sciences des traitements cheveux" by Charles ZVIAK, 1988, Ed. Masson, pp. 215 and 278.

[0003] The tone heights range from 1 (black) to 10 (light blonde), one unit corresponding to one tone; the higher the number, the lighter the shade.

[0004] Lightening thus makes it possible to bring a tone height lighter than the initial natural tone height of the hair.

[0005] The processes used to lighten hair generally consist of using an aqueous composition comprising at least one oxidizing agent, under alkaline pH conditions in the vast majority of cases.

[0006] This oxidizing agent's role is to degrade the melanin in the hair, which, depending on the nature of the oxidizing agent present, leads to a more or less pronounced lightening of the hair fibers. Thus, for relatively slight lightening, the oxidizing agent is generally hydrogen peroxide. When greater lightening is desired, particularly lightening of at least 5 shades, peroxygenated salts, such as persulfates, are usually used in the presence of hydrogen peroxide. These peroxygenated salts are contained in compositions which, at the time of use, are mixed with an aqueous composition containing hydrogen peroxide.

[0007] In order to adjust the pH of the compositions to an alkaline pH to allow the activation of the oxidizing agent, an alkaline agent is used. This alkaline agent also causes swelling of the keratin fiber, with an opening of the scales, which promotes the penetration of the oxidizing agent into the fiber, and thus increases the efficiency of the reaction.

[0008] However, the use of alkaline agents and peroxygenated salts can lead to a deterioration in hair quality. The main causes of this deterioration are a decrease in cosmetic properties, such as shine, and a degradation of mechanical properties, particularly a reduction in mechanical strength, which can also result in increased porosity. The hair is weakened and can become brittle during subsequent treatments such as blow-drying.

[0009] Lightening dark hair is therefore particularly delicate because it requires the use of a large amount of peroxygenated salts if one wishes to lighten them strongly, which can weaken them or even damage them and lead in particular to hair management problems.

[0010] Thus, one of the objectives of the present invention is to propose a method for lightening keratin fibers, preferably human keratin fibers such as hair, which does not have the disadvantages mentioned above, that is to say, which is capable of reducing hair damage while leading to very good lightening performance.

[0011] This goal and others are achieved by the present invention, which therefore relates to a process for lightening keratin fibers, preferably human, in particular hair, in which said fibers are treated, in one or more steps, by one or more compositions containing, together or separately: (a) one or more peroxygenated salts; (b) one or more osmolytes; (c) one or more hydroxylated polycarboxylic acids, one of their salts or mixtures thereof, and (d) possibly, one or more additional oxidizing agent(s), other than peroxygenated salts.

[0012] The invention also relates to a composition comprising: (a) one or more peroxygenated salts; (b) one or more osmolytes; (c) one or more hydroxylated polycarboxylic acids, one of their salts or mixtures thereof, and (d) possibly, one or more additional oxidizing agent(s), other than peroxygenated salts, and the use of this composition for lightening keratin fibers, and in particular hair.

[0013] The invention also relates to a device with at least two compartments for lightening keratin fibers, comprising at least a first compartment containing a composition comprising (a) one or more peroxygenated salts, (b) one or more osmolytes, and (c) one or more acids hydroxylated polycarboxylics, one of their salts or mixtures, and at least a second compartment containing an oxidizing composition comprising one or more additional oxidizing agent(s), different from peroxygenated salts.

[0014] The invention also relates to a device with at least two compartments, for lightening keratin fibers, comprising at least a first compartment containing a composition comprising (a) one or more peroxygenated salts, a second compartment comprising (b) one or more osmolytes and (c) one or more hydroxylated polycarboxylic acids, one of their salts or mixtures, and optionally at least a third compartment containing an oxidizing composition comprising one or more additional oxidizing agent(s), different from the peroxygenated salts.

[0015] The process according to the invention makes it possible to reduce hair damage without impacting lightening performance. In particular, it makes it possible to obtain a significant level of lightening, up to 9 shades, while reducing hair management problems.

[0016] Other objects, features, aspects and advantages of the invention will become even clearer upon reading the description and examples that follow and upon examination of the accompanying drawing, on which:

[0017] [Fig-1] represents the structure of some examples of osmolytes that can be used in the process according to the invention.

[0018] In what follows, and unless otherwise indicated, the bounds of a range of values ​​are included in that range, in particular in the expressions "between" and "ranging from ... to ...".

[0019] Furthermore, the expression "at least one" used in this description is equivalent to the expression "one or more".

[0020] The expressions "lightening" and "bleaching" are synonymous and can be used interchangeably. 1. Compounds #

[0021] The keratin fiber lightening process according to the invention uses the compounds (a), (b), (c) and possibly (d) described below. (a) Peroxygenated salts

[0022] The process according to the invention uses one or more peroxygenated salts.

[0023] Preferably, the peroxygenated salts are chosen from among persulfates; perborates; alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, or ammonium percarbonates; magnesium peroxide; and mixtures thereof.

[0024] More preferably, the process according to the invention includes the implementation of at least one persulfate.

[0025] Persulfates, also called peroxysulfates, correspond, in the sense of the invention, to the anions (SO52 peroxomonosulfate anion) or S2O82 (peroxodisulfate anion) or to compounds comprising at least one of these anions.

[0026] Preferably, the persulfates according to the invention are chosen from among the peroxodisulfates.

[0027] According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the process according to the invention comprises the use of at least one peroxygenated salt selected from the persulfates; preferably from alkali metal persulfates, alkaline earth metal persulfates, ammonium persulfates, and mixtures thereof; more preferably from (bis)tetrabutylammonium persulfate, barium persulfate, magnesium persulfate, calcium persulfate, sodium persulfate, potassium persulfate, ammonium persulfate, and mixtures thereof; more preferably still from sodium persulfate, potassium persulfate, ammonium persulfate, and mixtures thereof; even better from potassium persulfate, ammonium persulfate, and mixtures thereof.

[0028] According to the invention, the peroxygenated salt(s) used as a compound (a) in one or more useful composition(s) in the process according to the invention represents, preferably, from 1 to 70% by weight, more preferably from 5 to 65% by weight, more preferably still from 10 to 60% by weight, and even better from 20 to 55%, or even from 30 to 55% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition by weight of the total weight of the composition(s) containing them.

[0029] Preferably, the persulfate(s) used as compound (a) in one or more useful composition(s) in the process according to the invention represents preferably, from 1 to 70% by weight, more preferably from 5 to 65% by weight, more preferably still from 10 to 60% by weight, and even better from 20 to 55%, or even from 30 to 55% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition by weight of the total weight of the composition(s) containing them. (b) Osmolytes

[0030] The process according to the invention uses one or more osmolytes.

[0031] Osmolytes are organic molecules, generally of low molecular weight.

[0032] In the context of the present invention, the term "osmolyte" does not include carboxylic amino acids, sulfonic amino acids or their salts.

[0033] The osmolytes can be selected from: (i) carbohydrates, (ii) polyamines, and / or (iii) compounds of formula (I): (R1)(R2)(R3)m-A+-CR4R5-(X)nY(I) in which: - Rb R2 and R3, identical or different, represent an alkyl group in C1-C4, preferably an alkyl group in C1-C2, preferably the methyl; - A is N or S; - m is 0 or 1; - n is 0 or 1; - X is a divalent alkyl group, linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 4 carbon atoms, optionally substituted by one or more groups chosen from a hydroxyl (-OH), an amino (-NH2); and - Y is -COO or -OSO3; it being understood that, - when A is S, then m=0 and R4 and R5, identical or different, represent a hydrogen atom or a saturated, unsaturated, linear, branched and / or cyclic hydrocarbon chain, in C1-C10, preferably in C1-C6, more preferably in C1-C4; possibly interrupted by one or more heteroatoms or groups chosen from -S-, -N=, -NH- or -C(NH)- and / or possibly substituted by one or more groups chosen from a hydroxyl (-OH), an amino (-NH2), -SH, -COOH, or -CONH2; - when A is N and m = 0, then R4 represents a hydrogen atom or a saturated alkyl group, linear or branched in C1-C8, preferably an alkyl group in C1-C4; and R5 forms, with the nitrogen atom, a saturated heterocycle comprising 5 to 8 members, preferably 5 to 6 members, optionally substituted by one or more groups chosen from among the hydroxyl or alkyl groups in C1-C4; and - when A is N and m = 1, then R4 and R5, identical or different, represent a hydrogen atom or a saturated, unsaturated, linear, branched and / or cyclic hydrocarbon chain in C1-C10, preferably in C1-C6, more preferably in C1-C4; possibly interrupted by one or more heteroatoms or groups chosen from -S-, -N=, -NH- or -C(NH)- and / or possibly substituted by one or more groups chosen from a hydroxyl (-OH), an amino (-NH2), -SH, -COOH or -CONH2.

[0034] The carbohydrates that can be used in the process according to the invention include polyols and sugars.

[0035] By way of example, the polyols may be chosen from among C2-C16 polyols, such as C2-C12 or C2-C8 polyols. The useful polyols may optionally be chosen from among diols and triols, and may optionally be linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, and substituted or unsubstituted. Any Stereoisomers of polyols may be used. According to certain preferred embodiments, the polyols may be selected from glycols such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, butylene glycol, hexylene glycol, pentylene glycol, 1,3-propanediol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol, pentaethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, caprylyl glycol, glycerin, diglycerin, ethylhexylglycerin, or mixtures of two or more of these.According to other preferred embodiments, the polyols may be selected from propanediol, butanediol, pentanediol, hexanediol, heptanediol, octanediol, 1,2,6-hexanetriol, 1,2,4-butanetriol, trimethylolpropane, 2-butene-1,4-diol, 2-ethyl-1,3-hexanediol, 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol, caprylyl glycol, 1,2-hexanediol, 1,2-pentanediol, 2-ethyl-2-methyl-1,3-propanediol, 3,3-dimethyl-1,2-butanediol, 2,2-diethyl-1,3-propanediol, 2-methyl-2-propyl-1,3-propanediol, 2,4-Dimethyl-2, 4-Pentanediol, 2,5-Dimethyl-2,5-Hexanediol, 5-Hexene-1,2-Diol, 2-Ethyl-1,3-Hexanediol, 4-Methyl-1,2-Pentanediol, or mixtures of two or more of these elements.

[0036] Preferably, the polyols are chosen from glycerin, mannitol, xylitol, ribitol, pinitol, myoinositol, sorbitol and mixtures thereof.

[0037] By way of example, the sugars may be selected from C3-C6 monosaccharides, for example pentoses and / or their derivatives. For example, the sugars may optionally be selected from xylose, arabinose, ribose, 2-deoxyribose, ribulose, deoxyribulose, arabinose, xylulose, allose, altrose, glucose (including dextrose), glucosamine, mannose, gulose, idose, galactose, talose, sorbose, psicose, fructose, tagatose or combinations of two or more of these sugars. According to one embodiment, the sugars can be chosen from disaccharides, for example sucrose (also saccharose), maltose, lactose, cellobiose, trehalose, dextran, or from polysaccharides, for example maltotriose, starch, dextrins, cellulose, glycogen or combinations of two or more of them.

[0038] Preferably, the sugars are chosen from trehalose, glucose, sucrose, fructose, fructans, and mixtures thereof.

[0039] The polyamines that can be used in the process according to the invention can constitute primary and / or secondary and / or tertiary and / or quaternary amine functional groups. By way of example, the polyamines can be selected from diamines, triamines, tetramines, pentamines, and polymeric polyamines or polyimines, such as, for example, hexamethylenediamine, diethylenetramine, diethylenetriamine, polyethyleneimine (PEI), polyvinylamine, polyetheramine, polylysine, ethylenediamine, 1,3-diaminopropane, cadaverine, spermidine, spermine, putrescine, the tetraethylmethylenediamine, triethylenetetramine, or combinations of two or more of these elements.

[0040] Preferably, the polyamines are chosen from putrescine, spermidine, spermine and mixtures thereof.

[0041] Preferably, the process according to the invention uses at least one osmolyte selected from compounds of formula (I).

[0042] Preferably, the process according to the invention uses at least one osmolyte selected from compounds of formula (I) which are derivatives of zwitterionic amino acids bearing a quaternary ammonium group and comprising in total from 1 to 12 carbon atoms, better from 2 to 10 carbon atoms, better still from 3 to 8 carbon atoms.

[0043] Preferably, the process according to the invention uses at least one compound of formula (I) in which Ri and R2 are identical and represent a methyl.

[0044] Preferably, the process according to the invention uses at least one compound of formula (I) in which A is N.

[0045] Preferably, the process according to the invention uses at least one compound of formula (I) in which Y is -COO .

[0046] Preferably, the process according to the invention uses at least one compound of formula (I) in which Ri and R2 are identical and represent a methyl, A is N and Y is -COO.

[0047] Preferably, the process according to the invention uses at least one compound of formula (I) in which R3 is a methyl.

[0048] Preferably, X is a divalent alkyl group, linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 4 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 2 carbon atoms.

[0049] Preferably, the process according to the invention employs at least one compound of formula (I) in which X is a divalent alkyl group, linear or branched, preferably saturated, having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 4 carbon atoms, optionally substituted by a group selected from a hydroxyl or an amino.

[0050] In a particularly preferred manner, the process according to the invention employs at least one compound of formula (I) in which X is a divalent alkyl group, linear or branched, preferably saturated, having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 4 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 2 carbon atoms (unsubstituted), such as methylene or ethylene.

[0051] Preferably, the process according to the invention employs at least one compound of formula (I) in which R4 and R5, which may be identical or different, may be chosen from a hydrogen atom, a saturated alkyl group, linear or branched, in C1-C10, preferably in C1-C6, more preferably in C1-C4; a phenyl group; a benzyl group; an alkyl group substituted by a cyclic group (saturated or unsaturated, mono or bicyclic); a cyclic group (saturated or unsaturated, mono or bicyclic) substituted by an alkyl group; all these groups being possibly interrupted by one or more heteroatoms or groups chosen from -S-, -N=, -NH- or -C(NH)- and / or possibly substituted by one or more groups chosen from hydroxyl (-OH), amino (-NH2), -SH, -COOH, -CONH2.

[0052] Preferably, the process according to the invention employs at least one compound of formula (I) in which R4 and R5 can be selected from a hydrogen atom, a saturated alkyl, linear or branched in C1-C6, preferably in C1-C4; optionally substituted by a group selected from hydroxyl (-OH), amino (-NH2), -COOH or -CONH2.

[0053] In a particularly preferred manner, when A is N and m = 0, R5 forms, with the nitrogen atom, a saturated heterocycle comprising 5 to 8 links, preferably 5 to 6 links, possibly substituted by a hydroxyl group.

[0054] Preferably still, the process according to the invention employs at least one compound of formula (I) in which Ri = R2 = methyl, A is N, Y is COO, and X, if present, is a divalent alkyl group which may be linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, preferably from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, more preferably from 1 to 2 carbon atoms.

[0055] Preferably, the process according to the invention uses at least one compound of formula (I) in which R4 represents a hydrogen atom.

[0056] Preferably, the process according to the invention employs at least one compound of formula (I) in which R5 represents a hydrogen atom or a saturated hydrocarbon chain, linear or branched in C1-C6, preferably in C1-C4, optionally substituted by one or more groups selected from a hydroxyl (-OH), an amino (-NH2), -SH, -COOH or -CONH2.

[0057] Preferably, the process according to the invention employs at least one compound of formula (I) in which Ri = R2 = R3 = methyl; A is N; Y is COO; X is a divalent alkyl group, linear or branched, preferably saturated, having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, optionally substituted by a group selected from a hydroxyl or an amino, preferably 1 to 2 carbon atoms (unsubstituted), such as methylene or ethylene; R4 is hydrogen; and R5 forms, with the nitrogen atom, a saturated heterocycle comprising from 5 to 8 links, preferably 5 to 6 links, optionally substituted by a hydroxyl group.

[0058] Preferably, the compounds of formula (I) are chosen from one of the compounds indicated in [Fig.1].

[0059] Preferably, the compounds of formula (I) are selected from valine betaine, glutamic acid betaine, glutamine betaine, trimethyllysine, glycine betaine (trimethylglycine), histidine betaine, alanine betaine, choline sulfate, pipecolic acid betaine, proline betaine, hydroxyproline betaine, tyrosine betaine, phenylalanine betaine, tryptophan betaine, leucine betaine, isoleucine betaine, dimethylsulfoniopropionate and mixtures thereof.

[0060] In a particularly preferred manner, the process according to the invention uses trimethylglycine (also referred to herein as glycine betaine or "betaine"), optionally in combination with at least one additional osmolyte, for example at least one additional compound of formula (I), preferably chosen from the compounds indicated in [Fig.1].

[0061] According to the invention, the osmolyte(s) used as compound (b) in one or more useful composition(s) in the process according to the invention represents(s) preferably from 0.05 to 20% by weight, preferably from 0.1 to 10% by weight, more preferably from 0.5 to 8% by weight, more preferably still from 0.8 to 5% by weight, better from 1.0 to 3% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition(s) containing them.

[0062] Preferably, the trimethylglycine used as compound (b) in one or more useful composition(s) in the process according to the invention represents(s) preferably, from 0.05 to 20% by weight, preferably from 0.1 to 10% by weight, more preferably from 0.5 to 8% by weight, more preferably still from 0.8 to 5% by weight, better from 1.0 to 3% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition(s) containing them. (c) Hydroxylated polycarboxylic acids

[0063] The process according to the invention uses one or more hydroxylated polycarboxylic acids.

[0064] Preferably, the hydroxylated polycarboxylic acid(s) is / are chosen from among the hydroxylated polycarboxylic acids of the following formula (II):

[0065] Formula (II) wherein: - n is an integer between 1 and 5, better between 1 and 3, preferably n=1 or 2, preferably n=2; - A is a multivalent hydrocarbon group, saturated or unsaturated, linear, branched, cyclic, or even aromatic, comprising from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, preferably from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, substituted by one or more hydroxy (OH) groups.

[0066] Preferably, A is a multivalent (Cl-C6)alkylene, better (C2-C4)alkylene, or phenylene group, substituted by one or more hydroxy groups.

[0067] Preferably, the hydroxylated polycarboxylic acids of formula (II) are alpha-hydroxy acids, for which A is a (Cl-C6)alkylene group, better (C2-C4)alkylene, or phenylene, substituted by 1 or 2 hydroxy groups, preferably 1 hydroxy group; and n = 1 to 2.

[0068] In particular, hydroxylated polycarboxylic acids of formula (II) may be cited in which n = 1 or 2, and A is a di- or trivalent (Cl-C6)alkyl group, better (C2-C4)alkyl, substituted by one or more hydroxy groups, in particular 1 or 2 OH, preferably 1 OH.

[0069] Preferably, the hydroxylated polycarboxylic acids may be selected from: - citric acid (n=2 and trivalent A = -CH2-CHOH-CH2- ) ; - malic acid (n=l and A divalent = -CH2-CH(OH)-); and - tartaric acid (n=l and A divalent = -CH(OH)-CH(OH)-).

[0070] Even more preferably, hydroxylated polycarboxylic acid, one of its salts or mixtures thereof is chosen from citric acid, one of its salts and mixtures thereof.

[0071] According to the invention, the hydroxylated polycarboxylic acid(s), one of their salts or mixtures thereof used as compound (c) in one or more useful composition(s) in the process according to the invention represents(s) preferably, from 0.05 to 20% by weight, preferably from 0.1 to 10% by weight, more preferably from 0.5 to 8% by weight, more preferably still from 0.8 to 5% by weight, better from 1.0 to 3% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition(s) containing them.

[0072] Preferably, citric acid, one of its salts or mixtures thereof used as compound (c) in one or more useful composition(s) in the process according to the invention represents(s) from 0.05 to 20% by weight, preferably from 0.1 to 10% by weight, more preferably from 0.5 to 8% by weight, more preferably still from 0.8 to 5% by weight, better from 1.0 to 3% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition(s) containing them.

[0073] Preferably, the citric acid used as compound (c) in one or more useful composition(s) in the process according to the invention represents from 0.05 to 20% by weight, preferably from 0.1 to 10% by weight, more preferably from 0.5 to 8% by weight, more preferably still from 0.8 to 5% by weight, better from 1.0 to 3% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition(s) containing it. (d) Chemical oxidizing agents

[0074] According to the present invention, the process can employ one or more chemical oxidizing agents other than peroxygenated salts.

[0075] Preferably the process according to the invention uses one or more chemical oxidizing agents other than peroxygenated salts.

[0076] Preferably, the chemical oxidizing agent(s) are chosen from hydrogen peroxide, hydrogen peroxide generating systems other than peroxygenated salts and their mixtures.

[0077] Hydrogen peroxide generating systems other than peroxygenated salts can be chosen from urea peroxide, polymeric complexes capable of releasing hydrogen peroxide, oxidases and mixtures thereof.

[0078] As an example of polymeric complexes capable of releasing hydrogen peroxide, one can cite polyvinylpyrrolidone / H2O2 in particular, which is in powder form, and the other polymeric complexes described in US 5,008,093; US 3,376,110 and US 5,183,901.

[0079] Oxidases can produce hydrogen peroxide in the presence of a suitable substrate, such as glucose in the case of glucose oxidase or uric acid with uricase.

[0080] Preferably, the process uses hydrogen peroxide as a chemical oxidizing agent.

[0081] Furthermore, the composition or compositions comprising hydrogen peroxide or hydrogen peroxide generating system may also contain various adjuvants conventionally used in compositions for dyeing keratin fibers as defined below.

[0082] According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the chemical oxidizing agent(s) other than peroxygenated salts represent preferably from 0.01% to 30% by weight, preferably from 0.1% to 20% by weight, better from 1% to 15% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition or compositions containing them.

[0083] According to a particular embodiment of the invention, hydrogen peroxide represents preferably from 0.01% to 30% by weight, preferably from 0.1% to 20% by weight, better from 1% to 15% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition or compositions containing it or them.

[0084] The process according to the invention may also implement one or more of the following compounds. Amino acid compound(s)

[0085] The process according to the invention may optionally employ one or more amino acid-type compound(s).

[0086] For the purposes of this invention, an amino acid compound is defined as an organic compound comprising one or more carboxylic acid and / or sulfonic acid functions, and one or more amine functions, the amine function(s) being able to be intra-cyclic, possibly in the form of a salt.

[0087] Amino acid type compounds are different from the osmolytes described above.

[0088] Preferably, the amino acid compound(s) are chosen from among amino acid compounds comprising only one or more carboxylic acid functions (i.e., not comprising a sulfonic acid function) and / or their salts. These compounds are also called carboxylic amino acid compounds and are particularly preferred.

[0089] When the process according to the invention uses one or more amino acid type compounds, the process according to the invention preferably uses one or more amino acid type compounds chosen from the compounds corresponding to the formula (HD below and / or their salts.

[0090] Amino acid type compounds can therefore correspond to the formula (III): COOH (III) H — C — N(H)P R in which p is an integer equal to 1 or 2, it being understood that: - when p = 1, R forms with the nitrogen atom a saturated heterocycle comprising 5 to 8 links, preferably 5 links, this cycle being optionally substituted by one or more groups chosen from hydroxyl or (Cl-C4)alkyl; - when p = 2, R represents a hydrogen atom or a (Cl-C12)alkyl group, preferably (Cl-C4)alkyl, linear or branched, saturated, possibly interrupted by one or more heteroatoms or groups chosen from -S-, -NH- or -C(NH)- and / or possibly substituted by one or more groups chosen from hydroxyl (OH), amino (NH2), -SH, -COOH, -CONH2 or -NH-C(NH)-NH2.

[0091] Preferably, when p = 1, R forms with the nitrogen atom a saturated heterocycle comprising 5 links, this cycle not being substituted.

[0092] Preferably, p=2.

[0093] Preferably, when p = 2, R represents a hydrogen atom or a linear or branched saturated (Cl-C4)alkyl group, optionally interrupted by an S- heteroatom and / or optionally substituted by one or two groups selected from hydroxyl, amino or -NH-C(NH)-NH2.

[0094] Preferably, p=2 and R represents a hydrogen atom.

[0095] Amino acid type compounds can also be a salt of compound of formula (III).

[0096] These salts include salts with organic or mineral bases, for example alkali metal salts, such as lithium, sodium, potassium salts; alkaline earth metal salts such as magnesium, calcium and zinc salts.

[0097] Amino acid type compounds may be in the form of an optical isomer of L, D or DL ​​configuration, preferably of L configuration.

[0098] By way of examples according to the present invention of compounds in the form of an optical isomer of configuration L, L-proline, L-methionine, L-serine, L-arginine and L-lysine may be cited.

[0099] Preferably, the amino acid type compound(s) according to the invention are chosen from glycine, proline, methionine, serine, arginine, lysine, their salts (in particular of alkali or alkaline earth metals, or zinc) and their mixtures.

[0100] Preferably, the amino acid type compound(s) according to the invention are chosen from glycine, proline, methionine, serine, arginine, their salts and mixtures thereof.

[0101] Even better, the amino acid type compound is chosen from glycine, arginine, their salts (in particular of alkali or alkaline earth metals, or zinc) and mixtures thereof.

[0102] Preferably, the amino acid-type compound is arginine.

[0103] When present, the amino acid compound(s), preferably of the carboxylic amino acid type, used in one or more useful composition(s) in the process according to the invention, represents preferably 0.01% to 20% by weight, preferably 0.05% to 10% by weight, preferably still 0.1% to 5% by weight, better 0.2% to 2% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition(s) containing them.

[0104] In particular, when present, the amino acid compound(s) selected from glycine, proline, methionine, serine, arginine, lysine, their salts and mixtures, used in one or more useful composition(s) in the process according to the invention, represent preferably from 0.01% to 20% by weight, preferably from 0.05% to 10% by weight, preferably still from 0.1% to 5% by weight, better from 0.2% to 2% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition(s) containing them. Alkaline agent

[0105] The process according to the invention can also employ one or more alkali, mineral, organic or hybrid agent(s).

[0106] The alkaline agents according to the invention are different from the osmolytes and amino acids previously described.

[0107] Preferably, the process according to the invention uses one or more alkaline agents.

[0108] For the purposes of the present invention, the terms "alkaline agent" and "alkalinizing agent" are used interchangeably.

[0109] The mineral alkalizing agent(s) are preferably chosen from ammonia, alkali carbonates or bicarbonates such as sodium (hydrogen)carbonate and potassium (hydrogen)carbonate, ammonium (hydrogen)carbonate, alkali or alkaline earth metal phosphates such as sodium phosphates or potassium phosphates, sodium or potassium hydroxides, alkali or alkaline earth metal silicates or metasilicates such as sodium silicate, sodium metasilicate and mixtures thereof.

[0110] The organic alkalizing agent(s) are preferably chosen from alkanolamines, organic amines other than alkanolamines, oxyethylenated and / or oxypropylenated ethylenediamines, 1,3-diaminopropane, spermine, spermidine and mixtures thereof.

[0111] Alkanolamine means an organic amine comprising a primary, secondary or tertiary amine function, and one or more linear or branched alkyl groups, in C1-C8 bearing one or more hydroxyl radicals.

[0112] Organic amines selected from among alkanolamines such as mono-, di- or tri-alkanolamines, comprising one to three hydroxyalkyl radicals, identical or not, in C1-C4, are particularly suitable for carrying out the invention.

[0113] In particular, the alkanolamine(s) are chosen from monoethanolamine (MEA), diethanolamine, triethanolamine, monoisopropanolamine, diisopropanolamine, N,N-dimethylethanolamine, 2-amino-2-methyl-l-propanol, triisopropanolamine, 2-amino-2-methyl-l,3-propanediol, 3-amino-l,2-propanediol, 3-dimethylamino-l,2-propanediol, tris-hydroxymethylamino-methane and mixtures thereof.

[0114] The organic amine can also be chosen from among heterocyclic organic amines. In particular, in addition to histidine already mentioned among amino acids, pyridine, piperidine, imidazole, triazole, tetrazole, and benzimidazole can be cited. The organic amine can also be chosen from amino acid dipeptides. Carnosine, anserine, and balenine are examples of amino acid dipeptides usable in the present invention. The organic amine can also be chosen from compounds containing a guanidine function. Amino acids of this type other than arginine usable in The present invention includes, in particular, creatine, creatinine, 1,1-dimethylguanidine, 1,1-diethylguanidine, glycocyamine, metformin, agmatine, n-amidinoalanine, 3-guanidinopropionic acid, 4-guanidinobutyric acid and 2-([amino(imino)methyl]amino)ethane-1-sulfonic acid.)

[0115] In particular, guanidine carbonate or monoethanolamine hydrochloride can be used as hybrid compounds.

[0116] The useful alkali agent(s) according to the invention is / are preferably chosen from alkanolamines such as monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine; ammonia, carbonates or bicarbonates such as sodium (hydrogen)carbonate, potassium (hydrogen)carbonate, ammonium (hydrogen)carbonate, alkali or alkaline earth metal silicates or metasilicates such as sodium silicate and metasilicate and mixtures thereof, more preferably from alkali or alkaline earth metal silicates or metasilicates such as sodium silicate and metasilicate, and carbonates or bicarbonates such as ammonium (hydrogen)carbonate, and mixtures thereof, better from alkali or alkaline earth metal silicates or metasilicates such as sodium silicate and metasilicate.

[0117] When present, the alkali agent(s) used in one or more useful composition(s) in the process according to the invention represent(s) preferably from 0.1 to 50% by weight, more preferably from 1 to 40% by weight, better from 5 to 35% by weight, better still from 10 to 30% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition(s) containing them.

[0118] When present, the alkali agent(s) chosen from among the silicates or metasilicates of alkali or alkaline-earth metals used in one or more useful composition(s) in the process according to the invention represent(s) preferably, from 0.1 to 50% by weight, more preferably from 1 to 40% by weight, better from 5 to 35% by weight, better still from 10 to 30% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition(s) containing them. Direct dyes

[0119] The process according to the invention may optionally employ one or more direct dye(s).

[0120] By "direct dyes," we mean natural and / or synthetic dyes, different from oxidation dyes. These are dyes that diffuse superficially onto the fiber. They can be ionic, for example cationic or anionic, or non-ionic.

[0121] Examples of suitable direct dyes that may be mentioned include azo direct dyes; (poly)methine dyes such as cyanines, hemicyanines and styryls; carbonyl dyes; dyes azines; nitro(hetero)aryl dyes; tri(hetero)arylmethane dyes; porphyrin dyes; phthalocyanine-based dyes and natural direct dyes, alone or in mixtures.

[0122] Direct dyes can be selected from cationic direct dyes.

[0123] Among cationic direct dyes, mention may be made of endocyclic azo and hydrazono cationic dyes, including: Basic Red 51, Basic Yellow 87 and Basic Orange 31 or their derivatives. Anthraquinone cationic direct dyes may also be mentioned, in particular HC Blue 16 and HC Blue 17.

[0124] Direct dyes can be selected from anionic direct dyes. Anionic direct dyes are commonly called "acid" direct dyes because of their affinity for alkali substances. Anionic direct dyes are defined as any direct dye comprising in its structure at least one CO2R or SO3R substituent, where R represents a hydrogen atom, a cation of a metal or amine, or an ammonium ion. Anionic dyes can be selected from acidic nitro direct dyes, acidic azo dyes, acidic azinic dyes, acidic triarylmethanic dyes, acidic indoamine dyes, acidic anthraquinone dyes, indigoids, and natural acid dyes.

[0125] By way of example, one can cite:

[0126] a) anionic azo dyes diaryl;

[0127] À titre d’exemple, on peut citer : Acid Red 1, Acid Red 4, Acid Red 13, Acid Red 14, Acid Red 18, Acid Red 27, Acid Red 28, Acid Red 32, Acid Red 33, Acid Red 35, Acid Red 37, Acid Red 40, Acid Red 41, Acid Red 42, Acid Red 44, Pigment Red 57, Acid Red 68, Acid Red 73, Acid Red 135, Acid Red 138, Acid Red 184, Food Red 1, Food Red 13, Acid Orange 6, Acid Orange 7, Acid Orange 10, Acid Orange 19, Acid Orange 20, Acid Orange 24, Acid Yellow 6, Acid Yellow 9, Acid Yellow 36, Acid Yellow 199, Food Yellow 3; Acid Violet 7, Acid Violet 14, Acid Blue 113, Acid Blue 117, Acid Black 1, Acid Brown 4, Acid Brown 20, Acid Black 26, Acid Black 52, Food Black 1, Food Black 2 ; Food Yellow 3 ou sunset yellow ; ou Acid Red 111, Acid Red 134, Acid yellow 38 ;

[0128] b) les colorants azoïques anioniques pyrrazolone, y compris : Acid Red 195, Acid yellow 23, Acid Yellow 27, Acid Yellow 76 ou Acid Yellow 17 ;

[0129] c) anthraquinone dyes, including: Acid Blue 25, Acid Blue 43, Acid Blue 62, Acid Blue 78, Acid Blue 129, Acid Blue 138, Acid Blue 140, Acid Blue 251, Acid Green 25, Acid Green 41, Acid Violet 42, Acid Violet 43, Mordant Red 3; EXT Violet No. 2; and Acid Black 48;

[0130] d) Nitro dyes, including: Acid Brown 13; Acid Orange 3; Acid Yellow 1, sodium salt of 2,4-dinitro-1-naphthol-7-sulfonic acid, 2-piperidino-5-nitrobenzene sulfonic acid, 2(4'-N,N(2''-hydroxyethyl)amino-2'-nitro)aniline ethane sulfonic acid, 4-[3-hydroxyethylamino-3-nitrobenzene sulfonic acid; EXT D&C Yellow 7;

[0131] e) triarylmethane dyes, including: Acid Blue 1; Acid Blue 3; Acid Blue 7, Acid Blue 9; Acid Violet 49; Acid Green 3; Acid Green 5; Acid Green 50; Tetrabromophenol Blue.

[0132] f) dyes derived from xanthene, including: Acid Yellow 73; Acid Red 51; Acid Red 52, Acid Red 87; Acid Red 92; Acid Red 95; Acid Violet 9;

[0133] g) indole-derived colorants, including: Acid Blue 74;

[0134] h) quinoline-derived dyes, including: Acid Yellow 2, Acid Yellow 3 and Acid Yellow 5.

[0135] Among the natural direct dyes used according to the invention are lawsone, juglone, alizarin, purpurin, carminic acid, kermesic acid, purpurogallin, protocatechaldehyde, indigo, isatin, curcumin, spinulosin, apigenin, and orceins. Extracts or decoctions containing these natural dyes may also be used, including poultices or extracts based on henna.

[0136] Preferably, the direct dyes are chosen from anionic direct dyes.

[0137] Preferably, the direct colorant(s) are chosen from among the blue or violet colorants such as Acid Violet 7, Acid Violet 14, Acid Blue 113, Acid Blue 117, Acid Blue 25, Acid Blue 43, Acid Blue 62, Acid Blue 78, Acid Blue 129, Acid Blue 138, Acid Blue 140, Acid Blue 251, Acid Violet 42, Acid Violet 43 (also called Violet EXT No. 2), Acid Blue 1; Acid Blue 3; Acid Blue 7; Acid Blue 9; Acid Violet 49, Acid Violet 9, Acid Blue 74, Basic Blue 6, Basic Blue 7, Basic Blue 9, Basic Blue 26, Basic Blue 41, Basic Blue 77 (or HC Blue 15), Basic Blue 99, Basic Violet 1, Basic Violet 2, Basic Violet 3, Basic Violet 10, Basic Violet 14, HC Blue 16, HC Blue 17.

[0138] The preferred direct dyes are Violet EXT No. 2, Acid Blue 62, Acid Blue 9, Basic Violet 2, HC Blue 16, HC Blue 17 and Tetrabromophenol Blue, more preferably Violet EXT No. 2, Acid Blue 62, Acid Blue 9, HC Blue 16, HC Blue 17 and Tetrabromophenol Blue.

[0139] When present, the direct colorant(s) used in one or more useful composition(s) in the process according to the invention represents, preferably, from 0.001 to 10% by weight, preferably from 0.005 to 5% by weight, preferably even from 0.001% to 3% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition(s) containing them. Surfactants

[0140] The process according to the invention can also employ one or more surfactants.

[0141] These may preferably be chosen from anionic surfactants, amphoteric surfactants, non-ionic surfactants, cationic surfactants and / or mixtures thereof.

[0142] Preferably, the process according to the invention uses one or more surfactants.

[0143] Preferably, the process according to the invention uses one or more anionic surfactants.

[0144] The term "anionic surfactant" means a surfactant comprising only anionic groups as ionic or ionizable groups. These anionic groups are preferably chosen from among the following groups: CO2H, CO2, SO3H, SO3, OSO3H, OSO3, H2PO3, HPO3, PO32, H2PO2, HPO2, PO22, POH and PO.

[0145] By way of examples of anionic surfactants usable in the process according to the invention, mention may be made of alkyl sulfates, alkyl ether sulfates, alkylamidoethersulfates, alkylarylpolyethersulfates, monoglyceride sulfates, alkylsulfonates, alkylamide sulfonates, alkylarylsulfonates, alpha-olefin sulfonates, paraffin sulfonates, alkylsulfosuccinates, alkylethersulfosuccinates, alkylamide sulfosuccinates, alkylsulfoacetates, acylsarcosinates, acylglutamates, alkylsulfosuccinamates, acylisethionates and N-alkyl(Cl-C4)-N-acyltaurates, salts of alkyl monoesters and polyglycoside-polycarboxylic acids, acylactylates, D-galactoside-uronic acid salts, alkyl ether-carboxylic acid salts, alkyl aryl ether-carboxylic acid salts, alkyl amidoether-carboxylic acid salts; and the corresponding non-salted forms of all these compounds;The alkyl and acyl groups of all these compounds (unless otherwise stated) generally consist of 6 to 24 carbon atoms, and the aryl group generally designates a phenyl group.

[0146] Among anionic surfactants, we can also mention fatty acid salts, especially in C8-C24, preferably in C12-C20, different from the (poly)carboxylic acids previously described.

[0147] These compounds can be oxyethylated and then preferably comprise from 1 to 50 ethylene oxide motifs.

[0148] C6-C24 alkyl monoester salts and polyglycoside-polycarboxylic acids can be selected from C6-alkyl polyglycoside citrates C24, C6-C24 alkyl polyglycosides-tartrates and C6-C24 alkyl polyglycoside-sulfosuccinates.

[0149] When the anionic surfactant(s) are in salt form, they can be chosen from alkali metal salts such as sodium or potassium salt and preferably sodium salt, ammonium salts, amine salts and in particular amino alcohols or alkaline earth metal salts such as magnesium salt.

[0150] Examples of amino alcohol salts include mono-, di- and triethanolamine salts, mono-, di- or tri-isopropanol-amine salts, 2-amino 2-methyl 1-propanol salts, 2-amino 2-methyl 1,3-propanediol and tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane salts.

[0151] Salts of alkali or alkaline earth metals are preferably used, and in particular salts of sodium or magnesium.

[0152] Any anionic surfactants present may be mild anionic surfactants, i.e. without sulfate function.

[0153] With regard to mild anionic surfactants, particular examples may be given to the following compounds and their salts, as well as mixtures thereof: polyoxyalkylenated alkyl ether carboxylic acids; polyoxyalkylenated alkylaryl ether carboxylic acids; polyoxyalkylenated alkylamido ether carboxylic acids, in particular those comprising 2 to 50 ethylene oxide groups; uronic alkyl D galactoside acids; acylsarcosinates, acylglutamates; and alkyl polyglycosides carboxylic esters.

[0154] In particular, polyoxyalkylened alkyl ether carboxylic acids can be used, such as lauryl ether carboxylic acid (4,5 OE) marketed for example under the name AKYPO RLM 45 CA from KAO.

[0155] Among the anionic surfactants mentioned above, sulfated surfactants such as alkylsulfates or alkyl ether sulfates, and acylglutamates, C12-C20 fatty acid salts, more preferably alkylsulfates and C12-C20 fatty acid salts, are used.

[0156] According to a preferred embodiment, the process according to the invention uses one or more surfactants chosen from among the alkylsulfates.

[0157] When present, the surfactant(s), preferably anionic, used in one or more useful composition(s) in the process according to the invention represents(s) preferably from 0.01 to 15% by weight, more preferably from 0.1 to 10% by weight, better from 0.3 to 5% by weight, and better still from 0.5 to 3% by weight of the composition(s) containing them. Fatty body

[0158] The process according to the invention can also use one or more fatty substances.

[0159] Preferably, the process according to the invention uses one or more fats.

[0160] For the purposes of this invention, "fat" means an organic compound insoluble in water at ordinary room temperature (20-25°C) and atmospheric pressure (760 mm Hg, or 1.013 x 10⁵ Pa), having a solubility in water of less than 5%, preferably less than 1%, and even more preferably less than 0.1%. Fats generally have a hydrocarbon chain in their structure comprising at least 6 carbon atoms. Furthermore, fats are generally soluble in organic solvents under the same temperature and pressure conditions, such as chloroform, ethanol, benzene, petrolatum, or decamethylcyclopentasiloxane.

[0161] The fats are also non-(poly)oxyalkylated and non-(poly)glycerolated. In other words, the fats do not contain in their structure a (poly)ethylene oxide, (poly)glycerol, or (poly)propylene glycol motif.

[0162] The fat or fats may be chosen from solid fats and / or liquid fats (also called "oil"), and mixtures thereof.

[0163] The term "oil" refers to a "fatty substance" that is liquid, i.e., capable of flowing under its own weight at ambient temperature (25 °C) and atmospheric pressure (760 mm Hg, or 1.013 x 10⁵ Pa). Preferably, the viscosity of the oil at 25 °C and a shear rate of 1 s⁻¹ is between 10⁻³ Pa·s and 2 Pa·s. It can be measured with a Thermo Haake RS600 rheometer with a flat cone geometry or an equivalent instrument.

[0164] For the purposes of this invention, "solid fat" means a non-liquid fat at room temperature (20-25°C) and atmospheric pressure (760 mm Hg, i.e., 1.013.105 Pa), in particular a solid compound or a compound having a viscosity greater than 2 Pa.s at a shear rate of 1 s-1 under the conditions mentioned above.

[0165] Preferably, the fat or fats are chosen from among liquid fats.

[0166] Advantageously, liquid fats are selected from: - fatty alcohols that are liquid at room temperature with a branched and / or unsaturated carbon chain having 12 to 26 carbon atoms such as cetanol, octyl dodecanol, linoleic or linolenic alcohol, isostearyl alcohol, oleic alcohol, 2-hexyldecanol, 2-butyloctanol, 2-undecylpentadecanol; - C6-C16 hydrocarbons; - hydrocarbons containing more than 16 carbon atoms; - silicones and their mixtures.

[0167] Preferably, the fat or fats are chosen from hydrocarbons comprising more than 16 carbon atoms.

[0168] Preferably, the process according to the invention uses one or more fats, preferably chosen from liquid fats, better from hydrocarbons comprising more than 16 carbon atoms.

[0169] When present, the fat(s), preferably liquid, used in one or more useful compositions in the process according to the invention, preferably represents from 0.01 to 20% by weight, preferably from 0.1 to 15% by weight, and preferably from 0.2 to 5% by weight of the composition(s) containing them. Associative polymers

[0170] The process according to the present invention can also employ one or more associative polymers.

[0171] Preferably, the process according to the invention uses one or more associative polymers.

[0172] It is recalled that "associative polymers" are polymers capable, in an aqueous medium, of reversibly associating with each other or with other molecules.

[0173] Their chemical structure includes more particularly at least one hydrophilic zone and at least one hydrophobic zone.

[0174] By "hydrophobic group" is meant a hydrocarbon chain radical or polymer, saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, comprising at least 10 carbon atoms, preferably from 10 to 30 carbon atoms, in particular from 12 to 30 carbon atoms and more preferably from 18 to 30 carbon atoms.

[0175] Preferably, the hydrocarbon group is derived from a monofunctional compound. For example, the hydrophobic group may be derived from a fatty alcohol such as stearyl alcohol, dodecyl alcohol, or decyl alcohol. It may also refer to a hydrocarbon polymer such as, for example, polybutadiene.

[0176] The associative polymer can be anionic, cationic, amphoteric or non-ionic.

[0177] Among the anionic-type associative polymers, we can mention:

[0178] - (a) those comprising at least one hydrophilic motif, and at least one ether motif of fatty chain allyl, more particularly those whose hydrophilic motif is made up of an unsaturated ethylenic anionic monomer, more particularly still of a vinylic carboxylic acid and especially of an acrylic acid or a methacrylic acid or mixtures thereof.

[0179] Among these anionic associative polymers, polymers formed from 20 to 60% by weight of acrylic acid and / or methacrylic acid, 5 to 60% by weight of lower alkyl (meth)acrylates, 2 to 50% by weight of fatty-chain allyl ether, and 0 to 1% by weight of a crosslinking agent that is a readily copolymerizable unsaturated polyethylene monomer known as diallyl phthalate, allyl (meth)acrylate, divinylbenzene, (poly)ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, and methylene-bis-acrylamide.

[0180] Among these, crosslinked terpolymers of methacrylic acid, ethyl acrylate, polyethylene glycol (10 OE) stearyl alcohol ether (Steareth 10) are particularly preferred, especially those sold by the company CIBA under the names SALCARE SC80® and SALCARE SC90® which are aqueous emulsions at 30% of a crosslinked terpolymer of methacrylic acid, ethyl acrylate and steareth-10-allyl ether (40 / 50 / 10).

[0181] - (b) those comprising i) at least one hydrophilic motif of the carboxylic acid type unsaturated olefinic, and ii) at least one hydrophobic motif of the alkyl (C10-C30) ester type of unsaturated carboxylic acid.

[0182] Alkyl (C10-C30) esters of unsaturated carboxylic acids useful to the invention include, for example, lauryl acrylate, stearyl acrylate, decyl acrylate, isodecyl acrylate, dodecyl acrylate, and the corresponding methacrylates, lauryl methacrylate, stearyl methacrylate, decyl methacrylate, isodecyl methacrylate, and dodecyl methacrylate.

[0183] Anionic polymers of this type are described and prepared, for example, according to US patents 3,915,921 and 4,509,949.

[0184] Among this type of anionic associative polymers, more particularly those made up of 95 to 60% by weight of acrylic acid (hydrophilic motif), 4 to 40% by weight of C10-C30 alkyl acrylate (hydrophobic motif), and 0 to 6% by weight of polymerizable crosslinking monomer will be used, or those made up of 98 to 96% by weight of acrylic acid (hydrophilic motif), 1 to 4% by weight of C10-C30 alkyl acrylate (hydrophobic motif), and 0.1 to 0.6% by weight of polymerizable crosslinking monomer such as those described above.

[0185] Among the above-mentioned polymers, the products sold by GOODRICH under the trade names PEMULEN TRI®, PEMULEN TR2®, CARBOPOL 1382®, the product sold by LUBRIZOL under the trade name CARBOPOL ETD 2020 POLYMER® (INCI name: ACRYLATES / C10-30 ALKYL ACRYLATE CROSSPOLYMER), the product sold by SEPC under the name COATEX SX®, and even more preferably CARBOPOL ETD 2020 POLYMER®, are particularly preferred according to the present invention.

[0186] We can also mention the acrylic acid / lauryl methacrylate / vinylpyrrolidone terpolymer marketed under the name Acrylidone LM by the ISP Company.

[0187] - (c) maleic anhydride / α-olefin terpolymers in C30-C38 / alkyl maleate such as the product (maleic anhydride / C30-C38 α-olefin / maleate copolymer) isopropyl) sold under the name PERFORMA V 1608® by the company NEWPHASE TECHNOLOGIES.

[0188] - (d) acrylic terpolymers comprising: i) about 20 to 70% by weight of an unsaturated α,[3-monoethylenic [α], ii) about 20 to 80% by weight of a non-surfactant α,[3-monoethylenic] unsaturated monomer other than [α], iii) approximately 0.5 to 60% by weight of a non-ionic monourethane which is the reaction product of a monohydric surfactant with a monoethylenically unsaturated monoisocyanate, such as those described in patent application EP-A-0173109 and more particularly that described in Example 3, namely, a methacrylic acid / methyl acrylate / dimethyl metaisopropenyl benzyl isocyanate terpolymer of ethoxylated behenyl alcohol (40OE) in 25% aqueous dispersion.

[0189] - (e) copolymers comprising among their monomers a carboxylic acid unsaturation α,[3-monoethylenic and an ester of carboxylic acid with unsaturation α,[3-monoethylenic and an oxyalkylated fatty alcohol.

[0190] Preferably these compounds also comprise as a monomer an ester of α,[3-monoethylenic unsaturation carboxylic acid and C1-C4 alcohol.

[0191] Examples of this type of compound include ACULYN 22® sold by ROHM and HAAS, which is an oxyalkylated methacrylic acid / ethyl acrylate / stearyl methacrylate terpolymer, as well as ACULYN 88 also sold by ROHM and HAAS, or ACULYN 28® sold by ROHM and HAAS, which is an oxyalkylated methacrylic acid / ethyl acrylate / behenyl methacrylate terpolymer (INCI name Acrylates / Beheneth-25 Methacrylate Copolymer), and NOVETHIX L-10 POLYMER® sold by Lubrizol.

[0192] - (f) Amphiphilic polymers comprising at least one unsaturated monomer ethylenic with a sulfonic group, in free form or partially or totally neutralized and comprising at least one hydrophobic portion. These polymers may be crosslinked or non-crosslinked. They are preferably crosslinked.

[0193] Monomers with ethylenic unsaturation and a sulfonic group are selected in particular from vinylsulfonic acid, styrenesulfonic acid, (meth)acrylamido(Cl-C22)alkylsulfonic acids, N-(C1-C22)alkyl(meth)acrylamido-(Cl-C22)alkylsulfonic acids such as undecyl-acrylamido-methane-sulfonic acid and their partially or totally neutralized forms.

[0194] More preferably, alkylsulfonic (meth)acrylamido(Cl-C22) acids will be used, such as, for example, acrylamido-methane-sulfonic acid, acid acrylamido-ethane-sulfonic acid, acrylamido-propane-sulfonic acid, 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane-sulfonic acid, methacrylamido-2-methylpropane-sulfonic acid, 2-acrylamido-n-butane-sulfonic acid, 2-acrylamido-2,4,4-trimethylpentane-sulfonic acid, 2-methacrylamido-dodecyl-sulfonic acid, 2-acrylamido-2,6-dimethyl-3-heptane-sulfonic acid and their partially or totally neutralized forms.

[0195] In particular, 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid (AMPS) and its partially or totally neutralized forms will be used.

[0196] Polymers of this family may in particular be selected from statistical amphiphilic AMPS polymers modified by reaction with a C6-C22 n-monoalkylamine or di-n-alkylamine, and such as those described in patent application WO 00 / 31154 (forming an integral part of the content of the description). These polymers may also contain other ethylenically unsaturated hydrophilic monomers selected, for example, from (meth)acrylic acids, their [3]-substituted alkyl derivatives or their esters obtained with monoalcohols or mono- or poly-alkylene glycols, (meth)acrylamides, vinylpyrrolidone, maleic anhydride, itaconic acid or maleic acid or mixtures of these compounds.

[0197] Preferred polymers of this family are chosen from among amphiphilic copolymers of AMPS and at least one hydrophobic monomer with ethylenic unsaturation.

[0198] These same copolymers may further contain one or more ethylenically unsaturated monomers without a fatty chain such as (meth)acrylic acids, their [3]-substituted alkyl derivatives or their esters obtained with monoalcohols or mono- or poly-alkylene glycols, (meth)acrylamides, vinylpyrrolidone, maleic anhydride, itaconic acid or maleic acid or mixtures of these compounds.

[0199] These copolymers are described in particular in patent application EP-A-750899, US patent 5089578 and in the following publications by Yotaro Morishima: - “Self-assembling amphiphilic polyelectrolytes and their nanostructures - Chinese Journal of Polymer Science Vol. 18, No. 40, (2000), 323-336.”; - « Miscelle formation of random copolymers of sodium 2-(acrylamido)-2-methylpropanesulfonate and a non-ionic surfactant macromonomer in water as studied by fluorescence and dynamic light scattering - Macromolecules, Vol. 33, N° 10 (2000), 3694-3704 » ; - « Solution properties of miscelle networks formed by non-ionic moieties covalently bound to an polyelectrolyte : sait effects on rheological behavior - Langmuir,, Vol. 16, N°12, (2000) 5324-5332» ; - « Stimuli responsive amphiphilic copolymers of sodium 2-(acrylamido)-2-methylpropanesulfonate and associative macromonomers - Polym. Preprint, Div. Polym. Chem., 40(2), (1999), 220-221».

[0200] Parmi ces polymères, on peut citer : - crosslinked or non-crosslinked copolymers, neutralized or not, comprising 15 to 60% by weight of AMPS motifs and 40 to 85% by weight of (C8-C16)alkyl(meth)acrylamide or (C8-C16)alkyl(meth)acrylate motifs relative to the polymer, such as those described in application EP-A750 899; - terpolymers comprising 10 to 90 mole percent of acrylamide motifs, 0.1 to 10 mole percent of AMPS motifs and 5 to 80 mole percent of n-(C6-C18)alkylacrylamide motifs, such as those described in US patent 5089578.

[0201] We can also mention copolymers of totally neutralized AMPS and dodecyl methacrylate as well as copolymers of uncrosslinked and crosslinked AMPS and n-dodecylmethacrylamide, such as those described in the articles by Morishima cited above.

[0202] Among the anionic associative polymers according to the invention, preferred are polymers comprising i) at least one hydrophilic motif of the type of olefinic unsaturated carboxylic acid, and ii) at least one hydrophobic motif of the type of alkyl (C10-C30) ester of unsaturated carboxylic acid (family b)), and copolymers comprising among their monomers an α,[3-monoethylenic unsaturation carboxylic acid and an ester of an α,[3-monoethylenic unsaturation carboxylic acid and an oxyalkylated fatty alcohol (family e)).

[0203] Examples of cationic associative polymers include:

[0204] (a) cationic associative polyurethanes;

[0205] (b) the compound marketed by NOVEON under the name AQUA CC and which corresponds to the INCI name POLYACRYLATE-1 CROSSPOLYMER.

[0206] POLYACRYLATE-1 CROSSPOLYMER is the product of the polymerization of a mixture of monomers comprising: a di(C1-C4)amino(C1-C6) methacrylate, one or more C1-C30 alkyl esters and (meth)acrylic acid, a polyethoxylated C10-C30 alkyl methacrylate (20-25 moles of ethylene oxide motif), a 30 / 5 polyethylene glycol / polypropylene glycol allyl ether, a C2-C6 hydroxy(alkyl) methacrylate, and an ethylene glycol dimethacrylate.

[0207] (c) (poly)hydroxyethylcelluloses modified by quaternized groups comprising at least one fatty chain, such as alkyl, arylalkyl groups, Alkylaryl radicals comprising at least 8 carbon atoms, or mixtures thereof. The alkyl radicals present in the quaternized celluloses or hydroxyethylcelluloses described above preferably comprise from 8 to 30 carbon atoms. The aryl radicals preferably designate phenyl, benzyl, naphthyl, or anthryl groups. Examples of quaternized alkylhydroxyethylcelluloses with C8-C30 fatty chains include QUATRISOFT LM 200®, QUATRISOFT LM-X 529-18-A®, QUATRISOFT LM-X 529-18-B® (C12 alkyl) and QUATRISOFT LM-X 529-8® (C18 alkyl) sold by AQUALON, CRODACEL QM®, CRODACEL QL® (C12 alkyl) and CRODACEL QS® (Cl8 alkyl) sold by CRODA, and SOFTCAT SL 100® sold by AQUALON.

[0208] (d) cationic polyvinyllactam polymers.

[0209] Such polymers are described for example in patent application WO-00 / 68282.

[0210] As cationic poly(vinyllactam) polymers according to the invention, the following are used in particular: vinylpyrrolidone / dimethylaminopropylmethacrylamide / dodecyldimethylmethacrylamide tosylate terpolymers, vinylpyrrolidone / dimethylaminopropylmethacrylamide / cocoyldimethyl-methacrylamide tosylate terpolymers, vinylpyrrolidone / dimethylamino-propylmethacrylamide / lauryldimethylmethacrylamide tosylate or lauryldimethylmethacrylamide chloride terpolymers.

[0211] Amphoteric associative polymers are preferably chosen from those comprising at least one non-cyclic cationic motif. More particularly, those prepared from or comprising 1 to 20 moles % of monomer having a fatty chain, and preferably 1.5 to 15 moles % and more particularly 1.5 to 6 moles %, relative to the total number of moles of monomers, are preferred.

[0212] Amphoteric associative polymers that can be implemented in the invention are for example described and prepared in patent application WO 9844012.

[0213] Among amphoteric associative polymers, acrylic acid / (meth)acrylamidopropyl trimethyl ammonium / stearyl methacrylate terpolymers are preferred.

[0214] The non-ionic associative polymers usable according to the invention are preferably chosen from:

[0215] (a) copolymers of vinyl pyrrolidone and hydrophobic chain monomers fat, of which we can cite as an example: - ANTARON V216® or GANEX V216® products (vinylpyrrolidone / hexadecene copolymer) sold by the company ISP - ANTARON V220® or GANEX V220® products (vinylpyrrolidone / eicosene copolymer) sold by the company ISP

[0216] (b) copolymers of C1-C6 alkyl methacrylates or acrylates and Amphiphilic monomers containing at least one fatty chain, such as, for example, the methyl acrylate / oxyethylenated stearyl acrylate copolymer sold by GOLDSCHMIDT under the name ANTIL 208®. Or the copolymer with the INCI name "acrylates / beheneth-25 methacrylate copolymer", such as the product Novethix L-10 polymer from Lubrizol.

[0217] (c) copolymers of methacrylates or hydrophilic acrylates and monomers hydrophobics comprising at least one fatty chain such as, for example, polyethylene glycol methacrylate / lauryl methacrylate copolymer.

[0218] (d) polyether polyurethanes comprising in their chain both sequences hydrophilic, most often of a polyoxyethylenated nature, and hydrophobic sequences which can be aliphatic chains alone and / or cycloaliphatic and / or aromatic chains.

[0219] (e) ether aminoplast backbone polymers having at least one chain oily, such as the PURE THIX® compounds offered by the company SUD-CHEMIE.

[0220] (f) celluloses or their derivatives, modified by groups comprising at minus a fatty chain such as alkyl, arylalkyl, alkylaryl groups or mixtures thereof where the alkyl groups are in C8- and in particular: * Non-ionic alkylhydroxyethylcelluloses such as NATROSOL PLUS GRADE 330 CS and POLYSURF 67 (alkyl Cl6) products sold by AQUALON * non-ionic nonoxynylhydroxyethylcelluloses such as the AMERCELL HM-1500 product sold by the company AMERCHOL; * non-ionic alkylcelluloses such as the product BERMOCOLL EHM 100 sold by the company BEROL NOBEL;

[0221] (g) associative guar derivatives such as hydroxypropyl guars modified by a fat chain such as the product ESAFLOR HM 22 (modified by an alkyl chain in C22) sold by the company LAMBERTI; the product MIRACARE XC 95-3 (modified by an alkyl chain in Cl4) and the product RE 205-146 (modified by an alkyl chain in C20) sold by RHODIA CHIMIE.

[0222] Preferably, the polyurethane polyethers comprise at least two lipophilic hydrocarbon chains, having from 6 to 30 carbon atoms, separated by a hydrophilic sequence. The hydrocarbon chains may be dangling chains or end chains of a hydrophilic sequence. In particular, one or more dangling chains may be provided. Furthermore, the polymer may comprise a hydrocarbon chain at one or both ends of a hydrophilic sequence.

[0223] Polyurethane polyethers can be multi-sequenced, particularly in triblock form. The hydrophobic sequences can be at each end of the chain (e.g., a triblock copolymer with a hydrophilic central sequence) or distributed both at the ends and throughout the chain (e.g., a multi-sequenced copolymer). These same polymers can also be in graft or star form.

[0224] Nonionic fatty-chain polyurethane polyethers can be triblock copolymers in which the hydrophilic sequence is a polyoxyethylenated chain comprising 50 to 1000 oxyethylenated groups. Nonionic polyurethane polyethers have a urethane bond between the hydrophilic sequences, hence the origin of the name.

[0225] By extension, non-ionic fatty chain polyurethane polyethers also include those whose hydrophilic sequences are linked to lipophilic sequences by other chemical bonds.

[0226] As examples of non-ionic fat chain polyurethane polyethers usable in the invention, Rhéolate 205® with urea function sold by the company RHEOX or Rhéolates® 208, 204 or 212, as well as Acrysol RM 184®, can also be used.

[0227] We can also mention the ELFACOS T210® product with a C12-14 alkyl chain and the ELFACOS T212® product with a C18 alkyl chain from AKZO.

[0228] The product DW 1206B® from ROHM & HAAS with a C20 alkyl chain and urethane bond, offered at 20% dry matter in water, can also be used.

[0229] Solutions or dispersions of these polymers can also be used, particularly in water or in hydroalcoholic media. For example, RHEOLATE® 255, RHEOLATE® 278, and RHEOLATE® 244, sold by RHEOX, are examples of such polymers. DW 1206F and DW 1206J, offered by ROHM & HAAS, can also be used.

[0230] Polyurethane polyethers usable according to the invention are in particular those described in the article by G. Fonnum, J. Bakke and Fk. Hansen - Colloid Polym. Sci 271, 380-389 (1993).

[0231] More particularly, a polyurethane polyether is preferred, which can be obtained by polycondensation of at least three compounds comprising (i) at least one polyethylene glycol comprising 150 to 180 moles of ethylene oxide, (ii) stearyl alcohol or decyl alcohol and (iii) at least one diisocyanate.

[0232] Such polyether polyurethanes are sold, in particular, by the company ROHM & HAAS under the names ACULYN 46® and ACULYN 44® [ACULYN 46® is a polyethylene glycol polycondensate with 150 or 180 moles of ethylene oxide, stearyl alcohol and methylene bis(4-cyclohexyl-isocyanate) (SMDI), at 15% in weight in a matrix of maltodextrin (4%) and water (81%); ACULYN 44® is a polyethylene glycol polycondensate with 150 or 180 moles of ethylene oxide, decyl alcohol and methylene bis(4-cyclohexylisocyanate) (SMDI), at 35% by weight in a mixture of propylene glycol (39%) and water (26%)].

[0233] Preferably, the associative polymer(s) are chosen from anionic associative polymers.

[0234] Preferably, the associative polymer(s) are chosen from among the homopolymers or copolymers of acrylic or methacrylic acid.

[0235] Preferably, the associative polymer(s) are chosen from polymers comprising i) at least one hydrophilic motif of the type of olefinic unsaturated carboxylic acid, and ii) at least one hydrophobic motif of the type of alkyl (C10-C30) ester of unsaturated carboxylic acid, copolymers comprising among their monomers an α,[3-monoethylenic unsaturation carboxylic acid and an ester of an α,[3-monoethylenic unsaturation carboxylic acid and an oxyalkylated fatty alcohol, and mixtures thereof.

[0236] Preferably, the process according to the invention uses one or more associative polymer(s), preferably chosen from anionic associative polymers, preferably from homopolymers or copolymers of acrylic or methacrylic acid.

[0237] When present, the associative polymer(s), used in one or more useful composition(s) in the process according to the invention, preferably represent 0.05 to 10% by weight, better 0.1 to 8% by weight, even better 0.2 to 5% by weight of the composition(s) containing them. Non-associative polysaccharides

[0238] The process according to the present invention can also implement one or more non-associative polysaccharides, which are therefore different from the associative polymers above.

[0239] Preferably, the process according to the invention uses one or more non-associative polysaccharides.

[0240] In the present invention, "polysaccharide" means a polymer consisting of sugar units. "Sugar unit" means an oxygenated hydrocarbon compound having several alcohol functional groups, with or without aldehyde or ketone functional groups, and comprising at least four carbon atoms. The sugar units may optionally be modified by substitution, and / or by oxidation, and / or by dehydration.

[0241] The sugar units that may be included in the composition of the polysaccharides of the invention are preferably derived from the following sugars: glucose; galactose; arabinose; rhamnose; mannose; xylose; fucose; anhydrogalactose; acid galacturonic acid; glucuronic acid; mannuronic acid; galactose sulfate; anhydrogalactose sulfate and fructose.

[0242] The following polymers, alone or in mixtures, may be cited in particular as examples of non-associative polysaccharides: a) exudates from trees or shrubs, including: - gum arabic (branched polymer of galactose, arabinose, rhamnose and glucuronic acid); - Ghatti gum (polymer derived from arabinose, galactose, mannose, xylose and glucuronic acid); - karaya gum (polymer derived from galacturonic acid, galactose, rhamnose and glucuronic acid); - tragacanth gum (or tragacanth) (polymer of galacturonic acid, galactose, fucose, xylose and arabinose); b) gums derived from algae, including: - agar (polymer derived from galactose and anhydrogalactose); - alginates (polymers of mannuronic acid and glucuronic acid); - carrageenans and furcelleranes (galactose sulfate polymers and (anhydrogalactose sulfate); c) gums from seeds or tubers, including: - guar gum (polymer of mannose and galactose); - carob gum (polymer of mannose and galactose); - fenugreek gum (polymer of mannose and galactose); - tamarind gum (polymer of galactose, xylose and glucose); - konjac gum (polymer of glucose and mannose); d) microbial gums, including: - xanthan gum (polymer of glucose, mannose acetate, mannose / pyruvic acid and glucuronic acid); - gellan gum (polymer of partially acylated glucose, rhamnose and glucuronic acid); - scleroglucan gum (glucose polymer); e) polymers extracted from plants, including: - celluloses (polymers of glucose); - starches (polymers of glucose) and - inulin.

[0243] These polymers can be modified physically or chemically. Physical treatments include, in particular, heat treatment. Chemical treatments include esterification and etherification reactions. of amidation, of oxidation. These treatments lead to polymers which can be non-ionic, anionic or amphoteric.

[0244] In particular, guar gums, locust bean gums, starches and celluloses can be modified / treated.

[0245] The guar gums usable according to the invention can be modified by C1-C6 (poly)hydroxylakyl groups. Examples of C1-C6 (poly)hydroxyalkyl groups include hydroxymethyl, hydroxyethyl, hydroxypropyl, and hydroxybutyl groups. These guar gums are well known in the prior art and can, for example, be prepared by reacting corresponding alkene oxides, such as propylene oxides, with guar gum to obtain guar gum modified by hydroxypropyl groups. The degree of hydroxyalkylation preferably ranges from 0.4 to 1.2 and corresponds to the number of alkylene oxide molecules consumed per number of free hydroxyl groups present on the guar gum.

[0246] Such guar gums possibly modified by hydroxyalkyl groups are for example sold under the trade names JAGUAR HP8, JAGUAR HP60 and JAGUAR HP120 by the company RHODIA CHIMIE.

[0247] The starches usable in the present invention may be of botanical origin from cereals or tubers. Thus, the starches are chosen, for example, from corn, rice, oat, cassava, barley, potato, wheat, sorghum, pea, and tapioca starches. Hydrolysates of the starches mentioned above may also be used. The starch is preferably derived from potato.

[0248] Preferably, starch phosphates will be used, in particular distarch phosphates or compounds rich in distarch phosphate such as the product offered under the references PREJEL VA-70-T AGGL (gelatinized hydroxypropyl cassava distarch phosphate) or PREJEL TK1 (gelatinized cassava distarch phosphate) or PREJEL 200 (gelatinized acetylated cassava distarch phosphate) by the AVEBE Company or STRUCTURE ZEA of NATIONAL STARCH (gelatinized maize distarch phosphate).

[0249] According to the invention, amphoteric starches can also be used; these amphoteric starches comprise one or more anionic groups and one or more cationic groups. The anionic and cationic groups may be linked to the same reactive site of the starch molecule or to different reactive sites; preferably, they are linked to the same reactive site. The anionic groups may be of the carboxylic, phosphate, or sulfate type, and preferably carboxylic. The cationic groups may be of the primary, secondary, tertiary, or quaternary amine type.

[0250] The polysaccharides that can be used according to the invention can be cellulosic polymers.

[0251] By "cellulosic" polymer, according to the invention, any polysaccharide compound having in its structure chains of glucose residues joined by [3-1,4] bonds; in addition to unsubstituted celluloses, cellulose derivatives can be anionic, cationic, amphoteric or non-ionic.

[0252] Cellulosic polymers are also called celluloses.

[0253] Thus, the cellulosic polymers usable according to the invention can be chosen from unsubstituted celluloses including in microcrystalline form and cellulose ethers.

[0254] Among these cellulosic polymers, we distinguish cellulose ethers, cellulose esters and cellulose ether esters.

[0255] Among cellulose esters are inorganic cellulose esters (cellulose nitrates, sulfates, or phosphates...), organic cellulose esters (cellulose monoacetates, triacetates, amidopropionates, acetatebutyrates, acetatepropionates, or acetatetrimellitates), and mixed organic / inorganic cellulose esters such as cellulose acetatebutyrates and acetatepropionate sulfates. Examples of cellulose ether esters include hydroxypropylmethylcellulose phthalates and ethylcellulose sulfates.

[0256] Among the cellulose ethers, we may mention (Cl-C4)alkylcelluloses such as methylcelluloses and ethylcelluloses (for example Ethocel standard 100 Premium from DOW CHEMICAL); (poly)hydroxy(Cl-C4)alkylcelluloses such as hydroxymethylcelluloses, hydroxyethylcelluloses (for example Natrosol 250 HHR offered by ASHLAND) and hydroxypropylcelluloses (for example Klucel EF from AQUALON); mixed celluloses (poly)hydroxy(Cl-C4)alkyl-(Cl-C4)alkylcelluloses such as hydroxypropyl-methylcelluloses (for example Methocel E4M from DOW CHEMICAL), hydroxyethyl-methylcelluloses, hydroxyethyl-ethylcelluloses (for example Bermocoll E 481 FQ from AKZO NOBEL) and hydroxybutyl-methylcelluloses.

[0257] Among the anionic cellulose ethers, mention may be made of (poly)carboxy(Cl-C4)alkylcelluloses and their salts. By way of example, mention may be made of carboxymethylcelluloses, carboxymethylmethylcelluloses (for example Blanose 7M from the company AQUALON) and carboxymethylhydroxyethylcelluloses and their sodium salts.

[0258] Among cationic cellulose ethers, one may mention cationic cellulose derivatives such as cellulose copolymers or cellulose derivatives grafted with a water-soluble quaternary ammonium monomer, and described in particular in US patent 4,131,576, such as (poly)hydroxy(Cl-C4)alkyl celluloses, as Hydroxymethyl-, hydroxyethyl-, or hydroxypropyl celluloses grafted, in particular, with a salt of methacryloylethyl trimethylammonium, methacrylmidopropyl trimethylammonium, or dimethyl-diallylammonium. The marketed products meeting this definition are, more specifically, those sold under the names "Celquat® L 200" and "Celquat® H 100" by Société National Starch.

[0259] Preferably, the non-associative polysaccharide(s) are chosen from, alone or in mixture, celluloses, guar gums, starches, preferably from celluloses.

[0260] Better still, the non-associative polysaccharides are chosen from, alone or in mixture, cellulose ethers, cellulose esters, cellulose ether esters and guar gums, and preferably from cellulose ethers.

[0261] In a particularly preferred manner, the non-associative polysaccharide(s) are selected from (Cl-C4)alkylcelluloses such as methylcelluloses and ethylcelluloses; (poly)hydroxy(Cl-C4)alkylcelluloses such as hydroxymethylcelluloses, hydroxyethylcelluloses and hydroxypropylcelluloses; mixed (poly)hydroxy(Cl-C4)alkyl-(Cl-C4)alkylcelluloses such as hydroxypropyl-methylcelluloses, hydroxyethyl-methylcelluloses, hydroxyethyl-ethylcelluloses and hydroxybutyl-methylcelluloses.

[0262] Preferably, the process according to the invention uses one or more non-associative polysaccharides, preferably chosen from celluloses, guar gums, starches, and mixtures thereof.

[0263] When present, the non-associative polysaccharide(s) used in one or more useful composition(s) in the process according to the invention represent(s) preferably from 0.05 to 10% by weight, better from 0.1 to 8% by weight, even better from 0.2 to 5% by weight of the composition(s) containing them. Additives

[0264] The composition or compositions of the lightening process according to the invention may also include one or more additives, among which we may mention mineral thickening agents, anti-dandruff agents, anti-seborrheic agents, anti-hair loss and / or regrowth agents, vitamins and pro-vitamins including panthenol, sun filters, mineral or organic pigments, plasticizing agents, solubilizing agents, opacifying or pearlescent agents, antioxidant agents, sequestering agents, perfumes, preservatives.

[0265] Of course, a person skilled in the art will take care to choose this or these possible complementary compounds in such a way that the advantageous properties attached intrinsically to the composition(s) of the process according to the invention are not, or substantially not, altered by the envisaged addition(s).

[0266] The above additives may generally be present in quantities of between 0 and 20% by weight of each of them, relative to the total weight of the composition(s) containing them. 2. Process

[0267] According to the lightening process of the invention, keratin fibers can be treated with the compounds described above in one or more application steps.

[0268] According to the process of the invention, keratin fibers can be treated with one or more compositions which contain, together or separately, the compounds described above.

[0269] According to a preferred embodiment, compounds (b) and (c), i.e., osmolyte(s) (b) and hydroxylated polycarboxylic acid(s), one of their salts or mixtures thereof (c), are applied together to the keratin fibers. Preferably, compounds (b) and (c) are contained in the same composition.

[0270] According to a preferred embodiment, the keratin fibers are treated in one application step, all compounds (a), (b) and (c) being applied together to the fibers.

[0271] According to this embodiment, the process includes a step of applying to the keratin fibers a composition (C) comprising the compounds (a), (b), (c), and possibly (d) as defined above.

[0272] The process according to the invention may include, before the step of applying composition (C), a step of mixing a composition (Cl) comprising compounds (a), (b) and (c), and an oxidizing composition (O) comprising compound(s) (d).

[0273] This mixing step is preferably carried out at the time of use, just before applying the composition (C) from the mixture to the hair.

[0274] Preferably, the compositions (Cl) and (O) are mixed in a weight ratio (Cl) / (O) of 0.1 to 2, preferably 0.3 to 1.5, better 0.5 to 1.

[0275] Alternatively, the process according to the invention may include, before the step of applying composition (C), a step of mixing compounds (b) and (c) with a composition (C2) comprising compound(s) (a), and optionally with an oxidizing composition (O) comprising compound(s) (d).

[0276] Preferably, composition (C) can be applied to dry or moist keratin fibers.

[0277] It is left in place on the fibers for a period of time generally ranging from 1 minute to 1 hour, preferably from 5 minutes to 55 minutes.

[0278] The temperature during the lightening process typically varies from ambient temperature (between 15 to 25 °C) to 80 °C, preferably from ambient temperature to 60 °C.

[0279] At the end of the treatment, the keratin fibers are possibly rinsed with water, possibly undergo washing with shampoo followed by rinsing with water, before being dried or left to dry.

[0280] According to another preferred embodiment, the keratin fibers are treated in several application steps, the process implementing the compounds (a), (b), (c) and possibly (d) described above from at least two compositions applied separately to the keratin fibers.

[0281] According to this embodiment, the process of the invention may comprise: (i) the application to keratin fibers of a composition (C3) comprising compounds (a), and optionally (d), and (ii) the application to keratin fibers of a composition (C4) comprising compounds (b) and (c).

[0282] According to this embodiment, step (ii) can be carried out before or after step (i). Preferably, step (ii) is carried out after step (i).

[0283] Step (ii) of applying composition (C4) can be repeated several times, with or without rinsing between applications.

[0284] Preferably, the process includes, before step (i), a mixing step of a composition (C2) comprising compound(s) (a) with an oxidizing composition (O) comprising compound(s) (d).

[0285] Preferably, compositions (C3) and (C4) can be applied to dry or moist keratin fibers.

[0286] The composition (C3) is left in place on the fibers for a period generally ranging from 1 minute to 1 hour, preferably from 5 minutes to 55 minutes.

[0287] The composition (C4) is left in place on the fibers for a period of time generally from 1 minute to 30 minutes, better from 5 to 15 minutes.

[0288] Composition (C4) can be applied before or after composition (C3).

[0289] Preferably, the process includes a step of rinsing the keratin fibers between steps (i) and (ii).

[0290] The temperature during the lightening process typically varies from ambient temperature (between 15 to 25 °C) to 80 °C, preferably from ambient temperature to 60 °C.

[0291] At the end of the treatment, the keratin fibers are possibly rinsed with water, possibly undergo washing with shampoo followed by rinsing with water, before being dried or left to dry. 3 Compositions

[0292] Another object of the invention is a composition (C) comprising the compounds (a), (b), (c), and possibly (d) as defined above.

[0293] As stated previously, according to a first preferred embodiment of the invention, the process can implement the compounds (a), (b), (c) and possibly (d) described above in a single step of applying a composition (C) to the keratin fibers.

[0294] Preferably, composition (C) comprises one or more additional oxidizing agent(s) (d), different from peroxygenated salts, composition (C) then being a ready-to-use composition.

[0295] Preferably, composition (C) is aqueous. Preferably, the pH of composition (C), when aqueous, ranges from 8 to 13, preferably from 9 to 12.

[0296] Preferably, composition (C) is obtained from the mixture of a composition (Cl) comprising (a), (b) and (c) and an oxidizing composition (O) which comprises a chemical oxidizing agent (d) other than the peroxygenated salts (a).

[0297] Preferably, the composition (Cl) comprises one or more alkali agent(s) as described above.

[0298] Preferably, the composition (Cl) comprises one or more surfactant(s) as described above.

[0299] Preferably, the composition (Cl) comprises one or more fats as described above.

[0300] Preferably, the composition (Cl) comprises one or more thickening polymer(s) as described above.

[0301] The composition (Cl) may optionally include one or more amino acid-type compound(s) described above.

[0302] The composition (Cl) may optionally include one or more direct dye(s) described above.

[0303] Preferably, the composition (Cl) is anhydrous. An anhydrous composition is understood to be a composition that contains little or no water, in particular less than 0.5% water, preferably less than 0.1% water, and even better less than 0.05%, relative to the total weight of the composition. In particular, the composition (Cl) does not include any water added during its preparation; any water that may be present could be supplied by the raw materials used during its preparation.

[0304] Preferably, the composition (Cl) is a powder composition.

[0305] According to a particular embodiment, the composition (Cl) can be derived from the mixture of compounds (b) and (c) with a composition (C2) comprising the other compounds of composition (Cl) described above.

[0306] According to this embodiment, the composition (C2) is preferably anhydrous, and is preferably a powder composition.

[0307] The oxidizing composition (O), which comprises a chemical oxidizing agent (d) other than peroxygenated salts (a), is preferably an aqueous composition. In particular, it comprises more than 10% by weight of water, preferably more than 30% by weight of water, and even more advantageously more than 50% by weight of water relative to the total weight of the oxidizing composition (O). Preferably, the oxidizing composition (O) comprises water in a content ranging from 10% to 95% by weight, preferably from 30% to 90% by weight, and more preferably from 50% to 80% by weight relative to the total weight of the oxidizing composition (O).

[0308] The pH of the oxidizing composition (O), when aqueous, is preferably less than 7, preferably between 1 and 5, preferably between 1.5 and 4.5. This pH can be adjusted to the desired value by the use of one or more acidifying agents, which can in particular be chosen from those described above.

[0309] As stated previously, according to a second preferred embodiment of the invention, the process can implement the compounds (a), (b), (c) and optionally (d) described above from two compositions (C3) and (C4) applied separately to the keratin fibers.

[0310] According to this embodiment, the composition (C3) comprises one or more compound(s) (a) and optionally one or more additional oxidizing agent(s) (d), different from peroxygenated salts.

[0311] Preferably, the composition (C3) comprises one or more additional oxidizing agent(s) (d), different from peroxygenated salts, the composition (C3) then being a ready-to-use composition.

[0312] Preferably, composition (C3) is aqueous. Preferably, the pH of composition (C3), when aqueous, ranges from 8 to 13, preferably from 9 to 12.

[0313] Preferably, composition (C3) is obtained from the mixture of a composition (C2) comprising compound(s) (a) and an oxidizing composition (O) as defined above.

[0314] Preferably, the composition (C2) comprises one or more alkali agent(s) as described above.

[0315] Preferably, the composition (C2) comprises one or more surfactant(s) as described above.

[0316] Preferably, the composition (C2) comprises one or more fats as described above.

[0317] Preferably, the composition (C2) comprises one or more thickening polymer(s) as described above.

[0318] Composition (C2) may optionally include one or more amino acid-type compound(s) described above.

[0319] Composition (C2) may optionally include one or more direct dye(s) described above.

[0320] Preferably, the composition (C2) is anhydrous in the sense defined above.

[0321] Composition (C4) comprises compounds (b) and (c) as described above.

[0322] Preferably, the composition (C4) comprises one or more surfactant(s) as described above.

[0323] Preferably, the composition (C4) comprises one or more fats as described above.

[0324] Preferably, the composition (C4) comprises one or more thickening polymer(s) as described above, and in particular one or more polysaccharide(s), preferably one or more cationic polysaccharide(s).

[0325] Composition (C4) may optionally include one or more amino acid-type compound(s) described above.

[0326] Composition (C4) may optionally include one or more direct dye(s) described above.

[0327] Preferably, the composition (C4) is aqueous.

[0328] The invention also relates to the use of a composition comprising compounds (a), (b), (c), and possibly (d) as defined above, for the lightening of keratin fibers, and in particular hair. 4 Kit / multi-compartment device

[0329] Another object of the invention is a device with at least two compartments, for the lightening of keratin fibers, comprising at least a first compartment containing a composition (Cl) comprising compounds (a), (b) and (c) as described above, and at least a second compartment containing an oxidizing composition (O) comprising one or more compounds (d) as described above.

[0330] Another object of the invention is a device with at least two compartments, for the lightening of keratin fibers, comprising at least a first compartment containing a composition (C2) comprising the compound(s) (a) as described above, at least a second compartment containing a composition (C4) comprising the compounds (b) and (c) as described above, and optionally at least a third compartment containing an oxidizing composition (O) comprising one or more compounds (d) as described above.

[0331] The compositions of the device according to the invention are packaged in separate compartments, accompanied, optionally, by suitable application means, identical or different, such as brushes, sponges or brushes.

[0332] The device mentioned above can also be equipped with a means for delivering the desired mixture onto the hair, for example such as the devices described in patent FR 2586913.

[0333] The following examples serve to illustrate the invention without, however, being limiting in nature. Examples

[0334] In the following examples, all quantities are given as mass percentage of active material (AM) relative to the total weight of the composition (unless otherwise stated).

[0335] Compositions

[0336] Compositions A, Al and A2 were prepared from the compounds whose contents are indicated in the table below:

[0337] [Tables 1] A Al A2 POTASSIUM PERSULFATE 41.6 41.6 41.6 AMMONIUM PERSULFATE 11.5 11.5 11.5 SODIUM SILICATE 28 28 16.7 SODIUM METASILICATE - - 5.6 HYDROXYETHYLCELLULOSE 0.7 0.7 0.7 ACRYLATES / C10-30 ALKYL ACRYLA TE CROSSPOLYMER 0.7 0.7 0.7 SODIUM LAURYL SULFATE 1.0 1.0 1.0 MINERAL OIL / PARAFFINUM LIQUID UM 2.0 0.7 2.0 ULTRAMARINES 0.6 0.6 0.5 BETAINE (trimethylglycine) - 2.5 2.5 CITRIC ACID - 2.5 2.5 Sequestrant(s), load(s) QS 100 QS 100 QS 100

[0338] We then added:

[0339] - 0.1g of trimethylglycine (glycine betaine) and 0.1g of citric acid to 4g of composition A to obtain composition A', and

[0340] - 0.1g of trimethylglycine (glycine betaine) to 4g of composition A to obtain a Composition A”.

[0341] At the time of use, compositions A' and A” were respectively mixed with an oxidizing composition O comprising 9% hydrogen peroxide in the weight ratio 1+1.5.

[0342] Each of the mixtures A'+O and A' '+O was then applied to a strand of natural brown hair (tone height 4) at a rate of 10g of mixture for 1g of hair strand.

[0343] After a setting time of 50 min at 33°C under an occlusive system of the foil type in aluminium, the wicks were rinsed, then washed and dried at 60°C in an oven.

[0344] Calorimetric evaluation

[0345] Hair lightening was evaluated in the L*a*b* system, with a KONICA MINOLTA CM-3600A spectro-colorimeter (illuminant D65, angle 10°, specular component included) in the CIELab system.

[0346] In this system, L* represents the intensity of the color, a* represents the red / green axis and b* the yellow / blue axis. The higher the value of L*, the lighter the color.

[0347] Hair condition assessment

[0348] Hair integrity was assessed with regard to several parameters:

[0349] - tensile strength: the strength of the hair which can be measured by the test at tensile strength. This measurement to determine the tensile mechanical properties of the hair is carried out using a commercial tool, the MTT600 (mini Tensile Tester) from the company Dia Stron. The modulus of elasticity and the breaking strength of the hair are measured: the higher their values, the stronger the hair;

[0350] - the quantitative evaluation of cysteic acid and free proteins on the surface of the Hair: These compounds are released during hair oxidation; the higher the content of cysteic acid and free proteins, the more damaged the hair is.

[0351] The determination of cysteic acid present in hair is carried out using a Hitachi L8900 amino acid analyzer. 20 mg of finely cut hair are transferred into a culture tube (DURAN). 2.5 mL of 9N hydrochloric acid are added to the tube under magnetic stirring and nitrogen for 1 min at 2 bar.

[0352] The solution is heated in the tube in an oil bath at 110°C for 16 hours. The pH is adjusted to between 1.6 and 1.8, and diluted with ultrapure water to 50 mL. The solution is then filtered and analyzed using an autoanalyzer.

[0353] Quantitative analysis of labile proteins (i.e. free proteins) is carried out with the same apparatus as for the determination of cysteic acid.

[0354] 20 mg of finely cut hair are transferred into a 1.5 ml Eppendorf tube. 400 µl of 0.2 M Tris (hydroxymethyl)aminomethane base “TRIZMA base” and 400 µl of 0.2 M 2-mercaptoethanol are added to the tube and shaken in a thermomixer set at 37°C for 16 hours at 700 rev / min. After 16 hours of extraction, the residual contents are transferred into a DURAN tube using a Liquipette and concentrated under compressed air for 4 hours until complete evaporation of the solvent.

[0355] 1 ml of 9N hydrochloric acid is added to each tube and then heated for 16 hours at 110°C. The hydrolyzed solution is concentrated under compressed air for 12 hours until complete evaporation, 1 ml of pH2 buffer is added, then passed through a vortex, then filtered and analyzed on the Hitachi autoanalyzer. Results

[0356] [Tables2] L*(D65) Elastic modulus (MPa) Tensile strength (MPa) Cystic acid (g / 100g amino acids) Labial proteins (g / 100g hair) Hair treated with A' + 0 69.9 737 114 10.7 14.5 Hair treated with A” + 0 70.7 607 90 11.8 18.1

[0357] The results show that a composition according to the invention allows, with equivalent lightening performance, for better hair integrity (significant increase in the modulus of elasticity and resistance to breakage and lower quantities of cysteic acid and labile proteins) compared to the comparative composition.

Claims

Demands

1. A process for lightening keratin fibers, preferably human, in particular hair, wherein said fibers are treated, in one or more steps, with one or more compositions containing, together or separately: (a) one or more peroxygenated salts; (b) one or more osmolytes selected from carbohydrates, polyamines, and compounds of formula (I): (R1)(R2)(R3)m-A+-CR4R5-(X)nY (I) in which: - Ri, R2, and R3, identical or different, represent a C1-C4 alkyl group, preferably a C1-C2 alkyl group, preferably methyl; - A is N or S; - m is 0 or 1; - n is 0 or 1; - X is a divalent alkyl group, linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 4 carbon atoms, optionally substituted by one or more groups chosen from a hydroxyl (-OH), an amino (-NH2); and - Y is -COO or -OSO3;it being understood that, - when A is S, then m=0 and R4 and R5, identical or different, represent a hydrogen atom or a saturated, unsaturated, linear, branched and / or cyclic hydrocarbon chain, in Cl-ClO, preferably in C1-C6, more preferably in C1-C4; possibly interrupted by one or more heteroatoms or groups chosen from -S-, -N=, -NH- or -C(NH)- and / or possibly substituted by one or more groups chosen from a hydroxyl (-OH), an amino (-NH2), -SH, -COOH, or -CONH2; - when A is N and m = 0, then R4 represents a hydrogen atom or a saturated, linear or branched alkyl group in C1-C8, preferably an alkyl group in C1-C4; and R5 forms, with the nitrogen atom, a saturated heterocycle comprising 5 to 8 links, preferably 5 to 6 links, optionally substituted by one or more groups chosen from among the hydroxyl or alkyl groups in Cl-C4; and; - when A is N and m = 1, then R4 and R5, identical or different, represent a hydrogen atom or a saturated, unsaturated, linear, branched and / or cyclic hydrocarbon chain in Cl-ClO, preferably in C1-C6, more preferably in C1-C4; possibly interrupted by one or more heteroatoms or groups chosen from -S-, -N=, -NH- or -C(NH)- and / or possibly substituted by one or more groups chosen from a hydroxyl (-OH), an amino (-NH2), -SH, -COOH or -CONH2; (c) one or more hydroxylated polycarboxylic acids, one of their salts or mixtures, and (d) possibly, one or more additional oxidizing agent(s), different from peroxygenated salts.

2. A process according to the preceding claim wherein the peroxygenated salt(s) (a) are selected from alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, or ammonium persulfates, perborates, percarbonates, magnesium peroxide and mixtures thereof, preferably from alkali metal persulfates, alkaline earth metal persulfates, ammonium persulfates, and mixtures thereof; more preferably from (bis)tetrabutylammonium persulfate, barium persulfate, magnesium persulfate, calcium persulfate, sodium persulfate, potassium persulfate, ammonium persulfate, and mixtures thereof; more preferably still from sodium persulfate, potassium persulfate, ammonium persulfate, and mixtures thereof; even better from potassium persulfate, ammonium persulfate, and mixtures thereof.

3. A method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the osmolyte(s) (b) are selected from compounds of formula (I), preferably from compounds of formula (I) in which Riet R2 are identical and represent a methyl, A is N, Y is -COO”, and X, when present, is a divalent alkyl group, linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 4 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 2 carbon atoms.

4. A method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein R4 represents a hydrogen atom and R5 represents a hydrogen atom or a saturated, linear hydrocarbon chain or branched in C1-C6, preferably in C1-C4, possibly substituted by one or more groups chosen from a hydroxyl (-OH), an amino (-NH2), -SH, -COOH or -CONH2.

5. A method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the osmolyte(s) (b) are selected from valine betaine, glutamic acid betaine, glutamine betaine, trimethyllysine, glycine betaine (trimethylglycine), histidine betaine, alanine betaine, choline sulfate, pipecolic acid betaine, proline betaine, hydroxyproline betaine, tyrosine betaine, phenylalanine betaine, tryptophan betaine, leucine betaine, isoleucine betaine, dimethylsulfoniopropionate and mixtures thereof, preferably glycine betaine (trimethylglycine).

6. A process according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the hydroxylated polycarboxylic acid(s), one of their salts or mixtures thereof (c) are selected from the compounds corresponding to the formula (II) below: (II) O OH ~ A— HQ J?? O in which: - n is an integer from 1 to 5, preferably from 1 to 3, preferably n=1 or 2, preferably n=2; - A is a multivalent hydrocarbon group, saturated or unsaturated, linear, branched, cyclic, or even aromatic, comprising from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, preferably from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, substituted by one or more hydroxy (OH) groups; preferably, A being a multivalent (Cl-C6)alkylene, preferably (C2-C4)alkylene, or phenylene group, substituted by one or more hydroxy groups.

7. A method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the hydroxylated polycarboxylic acid(s), one of their salts or mixtures thereof (c) are selected from compounds corresponding to formula (II) in which A is a (Cl-C6)alkylene, preferably (C2-C4)alkylene, or phenylene group, substituted by 1 or 2 hydroxy groups, preferably 1 hydroxy group; and n = 1 or 2; preferably chosen from compounds corresponding to formula (II) in which n = 1 or 2, and A is a di- or trivalent (Cl-C6)alkyl group, better (C2-C4)alkyl, substituted by one or more hydroxy groups, in particular 1 or 2 OH, preferably 1 OH; better, chosen from citric acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, their salts and mixtures thereof; more preferably, chosen from citric acid, its salts and mixtures thereof, better citric acid.

8. A process according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the lightening process employs one or more additional oxidizing agent(s) (d), other than peroxygenated salts, preferably selected from hydrogen peroxide, hydrogen peroxide generating systems other than peroxygenated salts and mixtures thereof, preferably hydrogen peroxide.

9. A process according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the lightening process employs one or more direct dye(s), preferably selected from non-ionic direct dyes, anionic direct dyes, cationic direct dyes and mixtures thereof, preferably from azo direct dyes; (poly)methine dyes such as cyanines, hemicyanines and styryls; carbonyl dyes; azine dyes; nitro(hetero)aryl dyes; tri(hetero)arylmethane dyes; porphyrin dyes; phthalocyanine-based dyes and natural direct dyes, alone or in mixtures.

10. A process according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the brightening process employs one or more alkali agent(s), preferably selected from ammonia, alkali carbonates or bicarbonates such as sodium (hydrogen)carbonate and potassium (hydrogen)carbonate, ammonium (hydrogen)carbonate, alkali or alkaline earth metal phosphates such as sodium phosphates or potassium phosphates, sodium or potassium hydroxides, alkali or alkaline earth metal silicates or metasilicates such as sodium metasilicate and sodium silicate, and mixtures thereof, preferably from alkali or alkaline earth metal silicates or metasilicates, such as sodium silicate and metasilicate, and carbonates or bicarbonates and mixtures thereof, better among the silicates or metasilicates of alkali or alkaline earth metals, such as sodium silicate and metasilicate, and mixtures thereof.

11. A method according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising a step of applying to keratin fibers a composition (C) comprising compounds (a), (b) and (c), and optionally (d) as defined in any one of the preceding claims, preferably a composition (C) comprising compounds (a), (b), (c) and (d).

12. A process according to claim 11 comprising, before the step of applying composition (C), a mixing step - of a composition (Cl) comprising compounds (a), (b) and (c), and - of an oxidizing composition (0) comprising compound(s) (d).

13. A process according to claim 11 comprising, before the step of applying composition (C), a step of mixing compounds (b) and (c) with a composition (C2) comprising compound(s) (a), and optionally with an oxidizing composition (0) comprising compound(s) (d).

14. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, comprising: (i) applying to the keratin fibers a composition (C3) comprising compound(s) (a), and optionally (d), preferably a composition (C3) comprising compounds (a) and (d), (ii) applying to the keratin fibers a composition (C4) comprising compounds (b) and (c), step (ii) being carried out before or after step (i), preferably after.

15. A process according to the preceding claim comprising, prior to step (i), a mixing step of a composition (C2) comprising compound(s) (a) with an oxidizing composition (0) comprising compound(s) (d).

16. Composition comprising compounds (a), (b), (c), and optionally (d) as defined in any one of claims 1 to 10, preferably compounds (a), (b), (c) and (d).

17. Use of a composition (C) as defined in the preceding claim, for lightening keratin fibers, and in particular hair.

18. Device with at least two compartments, for lightening keratin fibers, comprising at least a first compartment containing a composition (Cl) comprising compounds (a), (b), (c) as defined in any one of claims 1 to 10, and at least a second compartment containing an oxidizing composition (0) comprising one or more compounds (d) as defined in claim 9.

19. Device with at least two compartments, for lightening keratin fibers, comprising at least a first compartment containing a composition (C2) comprising the compound(s) (a) as defined in any one of claims 1 to 10, at least a second compartment containing a composition (C4) comprising the compounds (b) and (c) as defined in any one of claims 1 to 10, and optionally at least a third compartment containing an oxidizing composition (0) comprising one or more compounds (d) as defined in claim 8.