Atmospheric air exchange control device for a building or dwelling

Abstract

The invention relates to a device (1) for controlling the exchange of atmospheric air between two spaces (2,3) separated from each other by a vertical rigid wall (4) of an assembly (10) of rigid walls delimiting at least one, called the first space (3), of the two spaces (2,3), the control device (1) comprising: a rigid frame (5) delimiting an opening (6), a rigid panel (7) dimensioned to extend into the opening (6) and to be able to close this opening (6) in a position, called the closed position (8), relative to the rigid panel (7) with respect to the rigid frame (5), in which the control device (1) is substantially airtight, the rigid panel (7) being mounted freely in a tilting position relative to the rigid frame (5), along a horizontal tilting axis (9),the tilting axis (9) being positioned such that a difference in atmospheric air temperatures on either side of the control device (1) and of an absolute value greater than or equal to a predetermined non-zero threshold value causes the rigid panel (7) to tilt relative to the rigid frame (5) and allows a movement of hot air and a return movement of cold air, due to this tilting, and such that the rigid panel (7) is spontaneously returned to said closed position (8) when said temperature difference is less than said predetermined threshold value. Figure for the abbreviation: Fig. 1,

Description

Title of the invention: Device for controlling atmospheric air exchange in a building or dwelling. Technical field

[0001] The invention relates to a device for controlling the exchange of atmospheric air in a building or dwelling. In particular, the invention relates to such a device for controlling the intake of warm air into a room of a building or dwelling where the ambient air temperature is lower than the temperature of said warm air. The invention also relates to such a device for controlling the exhaust of warm air from a room of a building or dwelling where the ambient air temperature is higher than the temperature of the air outside said room. The invention further relates to such a control device intended to extend between a room to be heated and a glazed room, such as a conservatory, that is largely exposed to solar radiation and adjoining said room to be heated. The invention also extends to exterior joinery equipped with such an atmospheric air exchange control device. Previous technique

[0002] When a veranda adjoining a living room is separated from the living room by a door, French window, or window, it is known to manually open the door to allow the transfer of heated air from the veranda to the living room. This manual opening is performed when the temperature inside the veranda is considered higher than that of the living room. Conversely, the door is manually closed to stop the flow of warm air from the living room to the veranda when the temperature in the veranda is considered lower than that of the living room.

[0003] These operations require the presence of personnel to judge the difference in temperature between the veranda and the living room and to proceed with the opening or closing of the joinery, each time the temperature differential between the veranda and the living room reverses, for example at the beginning and end of sunny days, but also during variations in sunshine during the day.

[0004] The assessment of the temperature differential by personnel and their intervention do not in practice allow for the optimization of heat exchange between the veranda and the living room.

[0005] The invention aims to overcome this drawback.

[0006] French patent FR 2 963 088 also discloses a system allowing the transfer of hot air accumulating in a solar extension of a building to an internal space of this building. The FR 2 963 088 system includes means for looped air circulation between the solar extension and the internal space of the building to be heated. The circulation means include a hot air intake duct in the upper part of the solar extension, a motor-driven fan that receives hot air from the intake duct and supplies this hot air to a hot air supply duct in the upper part of an internal space of the building to be heated. The circulation means further include at least one air return opening from the internal space of the building to be heated into the solar extension, located at the lower part of both the solar extension and the internal space. The motor-driven fan of FR 2 963 088 requires an electrical power supply and consumes this energy for its operation. The motor-driven fan of FR 2 963 088 generates noise during its operation.The fan motor, its associated ductwork, and / or the duct inlets and outlets are likely to detract from the building's aesthetics. Furthermore, the fan motor and ductwork are bulky and require exterior installation, particularly above the solar extension and / or the building's interior space. This installation necessitates significant modifications to the solar extension and / or the building's interior space.

[0007] The invention aims to overcome all of these drawbacks.

[0008] The invention therefore aims to provide a device for controlling the exchange of atmospheric air in a dwelling, which does not require an electrical energy input for its operation.

[0009] The invention therefore aims to provide such a hot air exchange control device which does not require for its installation the making of modifications to the walls of the living room, other than the making, where appropriate, of an opening including the control device.

[0010] The invention therefore aims to provide such a hot air exchange control device which does not require the use of a temperature sensor to determine an air temperature differential between the living room and the outside of the room.

[0011] The invention also aims to provide such a control device whose operation is not affected by the operation of a controlled mechanical ventilation (CMV) system. Description of the invention

[0012] The invention relates to a device for controlling the exchange of atmospheric air between two spaces separated from each other by a vertical rigid wall of a set of rigid walls delimiting at least one, called the first space, of the two spaces, the control device comprising: - a rigid frame defining an opening, - a rigid panel sized to extend into the opening and to be able to close this opening in a position, called the closed position, relative to the rigid panel and the rigid frame, in which the control device is substantially airtight, the rigid panel being free to tilt relative to the rigid frame, along a horizontal tilting axis, the tilting axis being positioned so that a non-zero difference in atmospheric air temperatures on either side of the rigid panel causes the rigid panel to tilt relative to the rigid frame and allows a movement of hot air and a return movement of cold air, due to this tilting, and so that the rigid panel is spontaneously returned to said closed position when the temperature difference is less than a predetermined threshold value.

[0013] Throughout the text: - The term "substantially" and the expression "at least substantially" usually indicate that a structural or functional characteristic should not be taken as marking an abrupt discontinuity, which would have no physical meaning, but covers not only that structure or function, but also slight variations of that structure or function which produce, in the technical context considered, an effect of the same nature, if not of the same degree; - The terms "high," "upper," "superior," "low," "lower," "inferior," and "lower" are to be considered in relation to a control device according to the invention as operationally implemented in a building or dwelling; and The term "exterior joinery" commonly refers, in the building industry, to joinery designed to cover an opening or "bay" in a building, such as a door, French window, or window, and intended to provide watertightness and airtightness and / or sound and / or thermal insulation to the building. Exterior joinery comprises a frame intended to be fixed to a masonry, timber, or other material structure, such as a cladding wall, and a sash (or leaf) that moves relative to the frame. The sash can be hinged (pivoting around a vertical axis), sliding (moving along straight tracks), or tilt-and-turn (tilting around a horizontal axis or, alternatively, hinged by pivoting around a vertical axis).

[0014] In the context of the invention, the two spaces are disjoint and separated from each other by a set of rigid walls comprising a substantially vertical rigid wall, forming a wall or partition of a building or dwelling. According to certain embodiments, the set of rigid walls delimiting said first A space is a set of walls that are substantially thermally insulated. In some embodiments, this first space is an enclosed space in which atmospheric air exchange is controlled. In some embodiments, the set of rigid walls delimiting this first space forms a room in a building or dwelling. In some embodiments, the vertical rigid wall of the set of rigid walls delimiting this first space is a vertical rigid wall extending opposite a space, called the exterior space, which is distinct from this first space.

[0015] According to the invention, the rigid frame of the control device is dimensioned so that it can—and is intended to—be inserted vertically into the vertical rigid wall, substantially over the entire height of the vertical rigid wall. There is nothing preventing the rigid frame from being inserted vertically over only a portion of the height of the vertical rigid wall, thus forming a window. According to the invention, the rigid frame of the control device delimits and frames the opening of the rigid frame into which the rigid panel extends, particularly in the closed position of the control device.

[0016] According to the invention, the tilting axis being arranged so that a difference in atmospheric air temperatures on either side of the rigid panel which is non-zero and of absolute value greater than or equal to a predetermined threshold value, for example of the order of 1°C, causes the rigid panel to tilt relative to the rigid frame, the movement of hot air through and in the upper part of the opening and the movement of cold air back through and in the lower part of the opening, due to this tilting.

[0017] According to the invention, the tilting axis is arranged so that the rigid panel is returned to said closed position when the temperature difference is less than said predetermined threshold value.

[0018] The control device according to the invention allows for the transfer of hot air primarily in the upper part of the control device and the return transfer of cold air primarily in the lower part of the control device, between said first space and said external space, provided that the temperature difference of the atmospheric air on either side of the rigid panel is non-zero and of an absolute value greater than or equal to a predetermined threshold value. However, the control device according to the invention allows for these air transfers between said first space and said external space to be interrupted as soon as the temperature difference of the atmospheric air on either side of the rigid panel is of an absolute value less than a predetermined threshold value, in particular substantially zero, and the rigid panel is returned to said closed position.The tilting of the rigid panel relative to the rigid frame allows for the movement of hot air and movement. cold air returning between the two spaces and the return of the rigid panel to the said closed position are obtained without intervention from an occupant to open or close the control device without the use of a motor fan.

[0019] The control device may be made of any suitable material such as glass, wood, aluminum, PVC, or steel. The rigid frame may be formed from assembled profiles. The rigid panel may be made of any suitable material so that the rigid panel does not deform under its own weight or under stress applied to the rigid panel. In some embodiments, the rigid panel is a glazed panel, single-glazed or multi-glazed, in particular double-glazed or triple-glazed, or other. In some embodiments, the rigid panel is an unglazed panel. In some embodiments, the rigid panel is a panel made of a single panel of at least one rigid insulating material.

[0020] According to certain embodiments, said first space is a room in a dwelling. According to these embodiments, the rigid frame of the control device is integrated into the vertical rigid wall of the dwelling room, such that the opening delimited by the rigid frame forms an opening in the vertical rigid wall.

[0021] In certain embodiments, said outdoor space is an open space outside the building or dwelling. In these embodiments, the control device is preferably implemented outside of any episode of atmospheric turbulence, such as, for example, a gust of wind, a storm, or a rain event. In some of these embodiments, the control device is specifically adapted to control the exchange of warm air from said first space to said outdoor space, the air temperature of which is lower than the air temperature of said first space, and to lower the air temperature of said first space.

[0022] In some embodiments, said exterior space is a semi-enclosed space limited at least in part by glazed walls and exposed to solar radiation. In some of these embodiments, said exterior space is a space sheltered by an awning adjoining the room of the building or dwelling.

[0023] In certain embodiments, the vertical rigid wall of the set of rigid walls delimiting said first space is a vertical rigid wall extending opposite a space, called the exterior space, distinct from and facing said first space. This exterior space is an enclosed space, at least partially delimited by glazed walls and exposed to solar radiation. In certain embodiments, said exterior space is a space adjoining said first space. In certain embodiments, said exterior space is a glazed or partially glazed space adjoining said first space and sheltered from inclement weather, such as, for example, a gust of wind, a storm, or a period of rain. In certain embodiments, said exterior space is an enclosed internal space within an adjoining veranda. to the room of the building or dwelling. In certain embodiments, said exterior space is an enclosed internal space of an extension, at least partially glazed, in particular a glazed extension, of the room of the building or dwelling.

[0024] In certain embodiments, with the rigid panel in said closed position, the center of gravity of the rigid panel is shifted downwards with respect to a horizontal plane passing through the tilting axis. In these embodiments, the rigid panel is adapted so as to be able to be brought and held in at least one position, said open position, of the control device due to the difference in atmospheric air temperatures on either side of the control device—in particular due to such a temperature difference greater than or equal to said predetermined threshold value.However, the rigid panel of the control device is also designed to return spontaneously to its closed position if the temperature difference falls below a predetermined threshold. The control device is a self-pivoting control device for the rigid panel, triggered by temperature differences; that is, a control device free from any specific motorized means of driving the rigid panel to tilt relative to the rigid frame.

[0025] According to the invention, tilting the rigid panel into at least one position, called the opening position, in which the opening is not obstructed by the rigid panel due to - in particular solely due to - the difference in temperature allows a flow of hot air into the upper part of the control device and a return flow of cold air into the lower part of the control device.

[0026] According to certain embodiments, with the rigid panel in said closed position, the center of gravity of the rigid panel is laterally offset with respect to a vertical plane passing through the tilting axis.

[0027] According to certain embodiments, with the rigid panel in the closed position, the center of gravity of the rigid panel is laterally offset opposite the first gap with respect to a vertical plane passing through the tilting axis. In these embodiments, when the temperature difference is less than the predetermined threshold value, the rigid panel of the control device is maintained in the closed position due to the laterally offset, opposite the first gap, of the center of gravity of the rigid panel with respect to a vertical plane passing through the tilting axis.In this embodiment, a difference in atmospheric air temperature on either side of the control device and of an absolute value greater than or equal to the predetermined threshold value, the atmospheric air temperature of said first space being less than the atmospheric air temperature of a space, called the outside space, distinct from said first space and opposite said first space, causes the panel to tilt. rigid relative to the rigid frame, and allows the movement of warm air from the external space into the first space and the movement of cold air back from the first space into the external space, due to this tilting. In this embodiment, the tilting of the rigid panel occurs in a direction of rotation such that the upper part of the rigid panel is moved towards the first space and the lower part of the rigid panel is moved towards the external space. In these embodiments, the temperature of the atmospheric air in the first space increases as long as the temperature difference of the atmospheric air on either side of the control device is greater than or equal to the predetermined threshold value. The first space heats up due to this temperature difference.In these embodiments, when the temperature difference of the atmospheric air on either side of the control device is less than the predetermined threshold value, the control device returns to its closed position, thus maintaining the temperature of the first space. In these embodiments, the control device according to the invention allows the atmospheric air of the first space to be heated by utilizing solar energy captured by the external space.

[0028] According to certain embodiments, with the rigid panel in the closed position, the center of gravity of the rigid panel is shifted laterally towards the first space relative to a vertical plane passing through the tilting axis. In these embodiments, when the temperature difference is less than the predetermined threshold value, the rigid panel of the control device is maintained in the closed position due to the lateral shift of the rigid panel's center of gravity towards the first space relative to a vertical plane passing through the tilting axis.In this embodiment, a temperature difference in the atmospheric air on either side of the control device, with an absolute value greater than or equal to the predetermined threshold value, where the atmospheric air temperature in the first space is higher than the atmospheric air temperature in a separate space, referred to as the exterior space, located opposite the first space, causes the rigid panel to tilt relative to the rigid frame. This tilt allows warm air to move from the first space into the exterior space and cold air to move back from the exterior space into the first space. In this embodiment, the rigid panel tilts in a direction of rotation such that the upper part of the rigid panel is moved towards the exterior space and the lower part of the rigid panel is moved towards the first space.In these embodiments, the temperature of the atmospheric air of said first space decreases, as long as the temperature difference of . The atmospheric air temperature on either side of the control device is greater than or equal to the predetermined threshold value. The first space cools down due to this temperature difference. In these embodiments, when the temperature difference of the atmospheric air on either side of the control device is less than the predetermined threshold value, the control device returns to its closed position, and the temperature of the first space is thus maintained. In these embodiments, the control device according to the invention cools the atmospheric air of the first space by taking advantage of the nighttime coolness of the outside space.

[0029] According to certain embodiments, the control device is exclusively passive, meaning that it is free from any motorized means of pivoting the rigid panel relative to the rigid frame. In particular, the system is self-contained, meaning that it does not require any connection to a power source, especially an electrical power source. It does not require the use of temperature sensors to determine a temperature difference between the atmospheric air in each of the two spaces.

[0030] According to certain other embodiments, the control device may include motorized means for returning the rigid panel to said closed position. Such motorized means for returning the rigid panel to said closed position are limited in their use to the emergency closure of the rigid panel in the event of a weather alert (rain, wind, storm), regardless of the value of the difference in atmospheric air temperatures on either side of the rigid panel and the control device.

[0031] According to certain embodiments, at least one of the rigid frame and the rigid panel forms a support shoulder by overlapping the rigid frame and the rigid panel—in particular, a support shoulder by overlapping the rigid panel on the rigid frame—in said closed position. According to these embodiments, the support shoulder is formed substantially continuously around the entire periphery of the rigid panel in said closed position. According to some of these embodiments, the rigid panel forms the support shoulder.In these embodiments, the support shoulder extends over a first main face of the rigid panel and its upper part, and over a second main face of the rigid panel, opposite the first main face, and its lower part, the upper and lower parts of the rigid panel being defined with respect to a horizontal plane passing through the pivot axis of the rigid panel. According to some other embodiments, the rigid frame forms the support shoulder. In these embodiments, the support shoulder extends over a first main face of the rigid frame and its upper part. rigid frame and on a second main face of the rigid frame, opposite the first main face, and in the lower part of the rigid frame. However, nothing prevents the shoulder from extending over a first main face of the rigid panel and in the upper part of the rigid panel, and over the same main face of the rigid frame, in the lower part of the rigid frame, the upper and lower parts of the rigid panel being defined with respect to a horizontal plane passing through the pivot axis of the rigid panel.

[0032] In some embodiments, the control device includes at least one airtight seal for an interface formed between the rigid frame and the rigid panel in the closed position of the control device. In some embodiments, at least one seal is mounted on the rigid panel. In some embodiments, at least one seal is mounted on the rigid frame. In some embodiments, at least one seal is mounted on the rigid panel and at least one seal is mounted on the rigid frame, the seal mounted on the rigid panel and the seal mounted on the rigid frame being offset from each other and parallel to each other in the closed position. The seal mounted on the rigid panel and the seal mounted on the rigid frame have a cumulative effect.According to certain advantageous embodiments, the interface formed between the rigid frame and the rigid panel in said closed position includes a bearing shoulder and at least one sealing gasket is disposed on this bearing shoulder and / or opposite this bearing shoulder.

[0033] In some embodiments, the control device comprises two cylindrical extensions of revolution about the tilting axis of the rigid panel, each adapted to cooperate with a coaxial bearing and to guide the rigid panel in tilting relative to the rigid frame along the tilting axis. In some embodiments, the cylindrical extensions of revolution are fixed to the rigid panel in tilting motion, and the bearings are fixed to the rigid frame. In these embodiments, the cylindrical extensions are arranged approximately at mid-height of the rigid panel and the bearings are arranged approximately at mid-height of the rigid frame, depending on the position of the rigid panel's center of gravity. However, nothing prevents each cylindrical extension of revolution from being fixed to the rigid frame and the bearings from being fixed to the rigid panel in tilting motion.According to these embodiments, the cylindrical extensions are arranged approximately at mid-height of the rigid frame and the bearings are arranged approximately at mid-height of the rigid panel, depending on the position of the center of gravity of the rigid panel.

[0034] Nothing prevents the rigid panel from being mounted detachably from the rigid frame, according to certain embodiments. According to these embodiments, the bearings are: - substantially hemispherical bearings of the rigid frame on which the cylindrical extensions of the rigid panel rest, or - substantially hemicylindrical bearings of the rigid panel resting on the cylindrical extensions of the rigid frame.

[0035] According to certain embodiments, each bearing is a bearing selected from a plain bearing, a ball bearing, and a needle bearing. The frictional and resistance forces between each cylindrical extension and each bearing are minimized, and the tilting of the rigid panel relative to the rigid frame under the effect of temperature difference is not hindered. Furthermore, the return of the rigid panel to the closed position when the temperature difference is below the predetermined threshold value is also not hindered.

[0036] According to certain embodiments: - the rigid panel has at least one rotation stop - in particular two radially opposed rotation stops - and - the rigid frame has at least one rotation stop - in particular two rotation stops - complementary to the rotation stops of the rigid panel, each rotation stop and each complementary rotation stop being arranged to be able to limit the tilting stroke of the rigid panel relative to the rigid frame.

[0037] According to certain embodiments, the rotation stop(s) and the complementary rotation stop(s) are dimensioned to allow a tilting angle of no more than 30° (ji / 6), in particular no more than 20° (jt / 9), thus limiting the size of the control device in the open position and the risk of collision with the control device in the open position, without significantly impacting the hot and cold air flow rates exchanged through the control device. Advantageously, the rotation stop(s) and the complementary rotation stop(s) do not resist the tilting of the rigid panel during its tilting stroke.

[0038] Advantageously, a device for limiting the tilting stroke of the rigid panel relative to the rigid frame, comprising at least one rotation stop—in particular two rotation stops—and at least one additional rotation stop—in particular two additional rotation stops—extends radially through the thickness of the rigid frame and / or through the thickness of the rigid panel. The aesthetic appearance of the control device is preserved.

[0039] According to certain embodiments, the rotation stop(s) and the complementary rotation stop(s) extend radially outside the bearing and / or the bearing relative to the tilting axis.

[0040] According to some embodiments, the control device includes reversible locking means for the rigid panel in said closed position.

[0041] According to certain embodiments, a post of the rigid frame carries a pivoting handle for moving a rod along a longitudinal axis of the rod, the rod extending over an edge of internal thickness of the rigid frame and opposite the opening, the handle being mounted integrally to a main face of the rigid panel, the rod having at least one locking element, in particular a roller or cleat, adapted to be able to cooperate with a strike plate integral to the rigid panel and to be able to maintain the control device in said closed position, in at least one position of the pivoting handle and the rod.

[0042] The invention also extends to an exterior joinery comprising a frame intended to be fixed to a construction - in particular to a structural element of a building or dwelling - and an opening movable relative to the frame, characterized in that the opening includes a device for controlling an exchange of atmospheric air according to the invention.

[0043] According to some embodiments, the opening is a hinged opening by pivoting the hinged opening relative to the fixed part around a vertical pivot axis.

[0044] According to some embodiments, the opening is a sliding opening.

[0045] According to certain embodiments, the air exchange control device atmospheric forming the opening, the exterior joinery includes reversible locking means for the rigid panel in said closed position, the locking means comprising a handle integral with the rigid frame and pivoting between: - a first position of the handle in which the rigid panel is locked in said closed position and the opening is locked relative to the frame in a closed position of the exterior joinery, - a second position of the handle in which the rigid panel is locked in said closed position and the opening is not locked relative to the frame, and - a third handle position in which the rigid panel is not locked in said closed position and the opening is locked relative to the frame in a closed position of the exterior joinery. Brief description of the drawings

[0046] Other features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description. This description is purely illustrative and should be read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0047] [Fig-1] [Fig.1] is a schematic view representative of the context of implementation operation of a device according to the invention for controlling an exchange of atmospheric air,

[0048] [Fig.2] [Fig.2] is a perspective representation of an embodiment a particular device according to the invention for controlling an exchange of atmospheric air,

[0049] [Fig.3] [Fig.3] is a schematic cross-sectional representation along a plane orthogonal to the tilting axis of a rigid panel of a particular embodiment of a control device according to the invention,

[0050] [Fig.4] [Fig.4] is a perspective view of an exploded detail of a device control according to the invention, in said closed position,

[0051] [Fig. 5] [Fig. 5] is a perspective view of an assembled detail of a device control according to the invention, in said closed position,

[0052] [Fig.6] [Fig.6] is a cross-sectional view in a plane orthogonal to the axis of tilting of a device limiting the tilting stroke of the rigid panel relative to the rigid frame of a particular embodiment of a control device according to the invention,

[0053] [Fig.7] [Fig.7] is a cross-sectional view in a plane passing through the tilting axis, of a device for limiting the tilting stroke of the rigid panel relative to the rigid frame of a particular embodiment of a control device according to the invention, Figure 7a corresponding to an exploded view and Figure 7b corresponding to an assembled view,

[0054] [Fig.8] [Fig.8] includes a front view (Figure 8b) of an exterior joinery according to the invention in a first position of the locking means and a side view (Figure 8a) extending opposite the frame of the exterior joinery according to the invention in the same first position of the locking means,

[0055] [Fig.9] [Fig.9] includes a front view (Figure 9b) of an exterior joinery according to the invention in a second position of the locking means and a side view (Figure 9a) extending opposite the frame of the exterior joinery according to the invention in the same second position of the locking means, and

[0056] [Fig. 10] [Fig. 10] includes a front view (Figure 10c) of an exterior joinery according to the invention in a third position of the locking means and side views (Figures 10a and 10b) extending opposite the frame of the exterior joinery according to the invention in the same third position of the locking means. Description of the implementation methods

[0057] Figure 1 illustrates the implementation context of a device according to the invention for controlling atmospheric air exchange. The control device 1 is integrated into a rigid wall 4 of a set of walls 10 delimiting an enclosed space, referred to as the first space 3. This first space 3 may be a living space in a building or dwelling. The rigid wall 4 is substantially vertical and forms a facade of the building or dwelling. The set of walls 10 and the rigid wall 4 delimit a space, referred to as the exterior space 2, distinct from the first space and extending from an exterior face of the rigid wall 4. This exterior space 2 may be an open or semi-open exterior space or an enclosed exterior space 2. This exterior space 2 may be a space open to the outside of the building or dwelling.According to these embodiments, the control device 1 is preferably integrated into a rigid wall 4 that is moderately exposed to the elements and / or installed outside of any weather conditions, such as, for example, a gust of wind, a storm, or a period of rain. This exterior space 2 may be a space partially open to the outside of the building or dwelling. This partially open exterior space 2 may be a partially open space, delimited by a canopy with glazed walls exposed to solar radiation, said canopy being adjoining a room 11 of the building or dwelling. Advantageously, according to other embodiments, this exterior space 2 is a substantially enclosed space, delimited by glazed walls or by both glazed and unglazed walls.According to these advantageous embodiments, said substantially enclosed exterior space 2 can be a veranda exposed to solar radiation and adjoining room 11 of the building or dwelling. Due to the exposure of the glazed walls to solar radiation, the temperature of the atmospheric air in said exterior space 2 increases faster than the temperature of the external atmospheric air in said exterior space 2 and faster than the temperature of the atmospheric air in room 11 delimiting said first space 3. In certain embodiments, the control device 1 according to the invention makes it possible to take full advantage of the heating by solar radiation of the atmospheric air in said exterior space 2 to heat the atmospheric air in said first space 3, without requiring human intervention or the use of specific means such as a motor-fan.

[0058] In the embodiment shown in [Fig. 1], the control device 1 comprises a rigid frame 5 forming and surrounding an opening 6. The rigid frame 5 is integrated into a structural element 52 forming the vertical rigid wall 4. In the embodiment shown in [Fig. 1], the rigid frame 5 is fixedly mounted relative to the rigid wall 4. The control device 1 also comprises a panel 7 made of at least A rigid material mounted so as to be able to pivot freely relative to the rigid frame 5 along a horizontal tilting axis 9, and so as to allow, with the rigid frame 5, an air passage 13 in the upper part 25 of the opening 6 of the control device 1 and an air passage 14 in the lower part of the opening 6 of the control device 1, when the temperature difference between the atmospheric air of said external space 2 and the atmospheric air of said first space 3 exceeds a predetermined threshold value, the temperature of the atmospheric air of said external space 2 being higher than the temperature of the atmospheric air of said first space 3. In some embodiments, the rigid panel 7 is made substantially symmetrical about the tilting axis 9. The rigid frame 5 is also made substantially symmetrical about the tilting axis 9.In the embodiment shown, the air passage 13 in the upper part of the opening 6 forms a passage for a flow of atmospheric air heated in said external space 2 and flowing from said external space 2 into said first space 3. In the embodiment shown, the air passage 14 in the lower part of the opening 6 forms a passage for a return flow of atmospheric air flowing from said first space 3 into said external space 2.The inventor discovered that it is sufficient to plan the rigid panel 7 to be made so that its center of gravity extends close to its tilting axis 9 relative to the rigid frame 5 for a temperature difference of the atmospheric air of the spaces extending on either side of the control device 1 which is greater than or equal to a predetermined threshold value for this relative position of the center of gravity and the tilting axis 9 to cause such a tilting of the rigid panel 7 and the flows of a flow of hot air in the upper part of the control device 1 and a return flow, of less hot air in the lower part of the control device 1.

[0059] A particular embodiment of a control device 1 according to the invention is shown in [Fig. 2]. The control device 1 shown in [Fig. 2] is an exterior window 50 that is not integrated into a structural element of a rigid wall 4. The control device 1 shown in [Fig. 2] comprises a rigid frame 5 forming a hinged opening 53, movable by pivoting relative to a fixed frame (not shown in [Fig. 2]) about a vertical pivot axis 54, in the position for which the control device 1 is engaged. The rigid frame 5 has a plurality of hinge elements 16 arranged on an outer edge of one of its vertical stiles, and a handle 12 arranged on the opposite vertical stile. The handle 12 is a multifunctional handle with cremone bolt elements (not shown), which allows: - that the rigid panel is locked in a closed position of the control device and that the movable sash is locked relative to the frame in a closing position of the exterior joinery, in the first position of the handle, - that the rigid panel is locked in a closed position of the control device and that the movable opening is not locked relative to the frame, in a second handle position, and - that the rigid panel 7 is not locked in the closed position and can be moved to the open position 17, and that the movable sash 53 is locked relative to the frame in a closed position of the exterior joinery 50. In the embodiment shown in [Fig. 2], the rigid panel 7 moved to the open position 17 allows a flow 18 of hot air through the opening 13 in the upper part of the control device 1 and allows in return a flow 19 of less hot air through the opening 14 in the lower part of the control device 1.

[0060] A diagram of a control device 1 according to the invention, seen in cross-section along a plane orthogonal to the tilting axis 9 and passing through the center of gravity 15 of the rigid panel 7, is shown in [Fig. 3]. In [Fig. 3], the dimensions, proportions, and / or positions of the elements shown are not necessarily to scale, for the sake of clarity. The control device 1 is shown in a closed position 8 in which the rigid panel 7 cooperates with the rigid frame 5 in a substantially airtight formation. In the embodiment shown, the rigid frame 5 is integrated into the structural elements 52 forming the vertical rigid wall 4. The rigid frame 5 forms a shoulder 20 on which the rigid panel 7 is supported in its upper part extending above a horizontal plane passing through the tilting axis 9.The rigid frame 5 also forms a shoulder 21 on which the rigid panel 7 is supported in its lower part, extending below a horizontal plane passing through the tilting axis 9. In the embodiment shown, the position of the tilting axis 9 of the rigid panel 7 is defined by the position of two cylindrical extensions (not shown), formed coaxially with the tilting axis 9 and adapted to guide the rigid panel 7 in tilting relative to the rigid frame 5. The position of the center of gravity 15 of the rigid panel 7, on which the resultant of the gravitational forces (weight) and / or the center of mass of the rigid panel 7 is applied, can be determined by construction and / or adjusted after construction, for example by adding balancing masses.In the embodiment shown, the center of gravity 15 of the rigid panel 7 is offset downwards with respect to a horizontal plane passing through the tilting axis 9. Furthermore, the center of gravity 15 of the rigid panel 7 is offset laterally with respect to a vertical plane passing through the tilting axis 9. In the embodiment shown, the center of gravity 15 of the rigid panel 7 is offset with respect to the vertical plane. passing through the tilting axis 9 so as to extend into a half-space limited by this vertical plane and extending opposite said external space 2. In the embodiment shown, the offset established between the center 15 of gravity of the rigid panel 7 and the tilting axis 9 is sufficient to allow a spontaneous return 60 of the rigid panel 7 to said closed position 8, in which the rigid panel 7 is supported on the shoulders 20,21, when the temperature difference of the atmospheric air of said first space 3 and the atmospheric air of said external space 2 is less than the predetermined threshold value.However, the offset established between the center 15 of gravity of the rigid panel 7 and the tilting axis 9 is sufficiently limited to allow that a temperature difference between the atmospheric air of said first space 3 and the atmospheric air of said external space 2, greater than or equal to the predetermined threshold value, the temperature of the atmospheric air of said external space 2 being greater than the temperature of the atmospheric air of said first space 3, opposes the spontaneous return of the rigid panel 7 to said closed position 8 and causes the rigid panel 7 to tilt into the open position 17.

[0061] The inventor has discovered that for a rigid rectangular panel of a length (or height) of 200 cm and a width of 50 cm in which the center of gravity is offset downwards with respect to a horizontal plane passing through the axis of tilting of the rigid panel in the closed position, a moment of force of value of the order of 0.01 Nm exerted on the rigid panel and measured when the rigid panel is in the open position with an angle value of the order of 30° degrees with respect to the rigid frame, makes it possible to return the rigid panel to the closed position.

[0062] He also discovered that for such a rigid panel in which the center of gravity is laterally offset with respect to a vertical plane passing through the tilting axis when the rigid panel is in the closed position, a moment of force of the order of 0.01 Nm exerted in reality on the rigid frame allows the rigid panel to be held in the closed position.

[0063] He also discovered that such a rigid panel in which the center of gravity and the tilting axis are offset so as to exert a moment of force of the order of 0.01 Nm, the rigid panel being in said closed position, can in fact tilt into said open position when the temperature difference between the air of said first space and the air of said outside space is greater than or equal to a predetermined threshold value, for example of the order of 1°C, the rigid panel being returned to the closed position when this temperature difference is less than the predetermined threshold value.

[0064] A detail of a control device 1 according to a particular embodiment is shown in exploded view in [Fig. 4] and in assembled view in [Fig. 5]. In this embodiment In this embodiment, the rigid frame 5 forms a shoulder 20 extending opposite the outer space 2 in the upper part of the rigid frame 5 and a shoulder 21 extending opposite the first space 3 in the lower part of the rigid frame 5, relative to the horizontal plane passing through the pivoting axis 9. The rigid frame 5 is provided with a sealing gasket 24, extending around the perimeter of the rigid frame 5 and fixed to the shoulder 20 in the upper part of the rigid frame 5 and fixed to the shoulder 21 in the lower part of the rigid frame 5. In this embodiment, the sealing gasket 24 supported by the rigid frame 5 is arranged to cooperate with a notched face 27 of the rigid panel 7 in the closed position 8.In the embodiment shown, the rigid panel 7 is provided with a sealing gasket 23, extending around the perimeter of the rigid panel 7 and mounted integrally to a shoulder 28 at the top of the rigid panel 7 and integrally to a shoulder (not shown) at the bottom of the rigid panel 7. In this embodiment, the sealing gasket 23 supported by the rigid panel 7 is arranged to cooperate with a main face of the rigid frame 5 extending opposite the first space 3, in the closed position 8. The sealing gaskets 23, 24 cooperate to ensure satisfactory airtightness for the control device 1, with the control device 1 and the rigid panel 7 in the closed position 8.The sealing gaskets 23,24 are also adapted to ensure that the control device 1 has a substantially perfect seal against atmospheric air, the control device 1 and the rigid panel 7 being in a locked position, in which the rigid panel 7 and the rigid frame 5 are held in said closed position 8 by reversible locking means 29 of the control device 1 in said closed position 8.

[0065] In the embodiments shown in [Fig. 4] and [Fig. 5], finishing strips 21 are arranged on the rigid frame 5 so as to provide a uniform aesthetic appearance on each of the two main faces of the control device 1, in particular a uniform aesthetic appearance of the upper and lower parts of the rigid panel 7 and the rigid frame 5 on the same main face, and, where applicable, a uniform aesthetic appearance on both main faces of the rigid panel 7 and the rigid frame 5. The ends of the finishing strips 21 of the rigid frame 5 extending near the tilting axis 9 are chamfered, in particular with an angle of approximately 30 degrees, so as not to impede the tilting of the rigid panel 7.

[0066] Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view in a plane orthogonal to the tilting axis 9, of a bearing cage 34 and rotation stop(s) allowing the tilting of a rigid panel 7 relative to the rigid frame 5 of a control device 1 according to the invention. The bearing cage 34 and rotation stop(s) shown in Figure 6 The cage 34 comprises two radially opposed rotation stops 31, fixed to the rigid panel 7. The cage 34 also comprises two radially opposed rotation stops 32, fixed to the rigid frame 5 and complementary to the rotation stops 31 of the rigid panel 7. The rotation stops 31 and the complementary rotation stops 32 limit the tilting stroke 35 of the rigid panel 7 relative to the rigid frame 5 of the control device 1, in particular to a stroke with an angle value of at most 30° (jr / 6). In the embodiment shown, the bearing and rotation stop cage 34 comprises a ball or needle bearing 33 forming a drive bearing for the rigid panel 7 in tilting relative to the rigid frame 5. In some embodiments, the bearing and rotation stop cage extends over the entire thickness of the rigid frame 5.In these embodiments, the continuity of the sealing provided by the seals 23, 24 is ensured, and the mechanical efficiency of the stroke limitation is improved, as is the mechanical resistance. The bearing cage 34 has an external wall 59 adapted to ensure, in continuity with the seals 23, 24, the airtightness of the control device 1.

[0067] Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view in a plane passing through the tilting axis 9 of a particular embodiment of a bearing cage 34 and stop(s) of a control device 1 according to the invention, in exploded view (Figure 7a) and in assembled view (Figure 7b). The bearing cage 34 and stop(s) shown in Figure 7 comprises a single angular stop 31 fixed to the rigid panel 7. The cage 34 also comprises a single angular stop 32 fixed to the rigid frame 5 and complementary to the angular stop 31 of the rigid panel 7. The cage 34 includes a ball or needle bearing 33 forming a drive bearing for the rigid panel 7 when tilting relative to the rigid frame 5.

[0068] Figure 8 illustrates a detail of an exterior window or door assembly 50 comprising a fixed frame 51 attached to a structural element 52 of a building or dwelling and a movable sash 53 relative to the fixed frame 51 and formed by a device 1 for controlling atmospheric air exchange according to the invention, comprising a rigid frame 5 and a rigid panel 7. Figure 8a is a view of the cross-section of the rigid frame 5, referred to as cross-section 36 of the fixed frame, of the movable sash 53, extending opposite the free cross-section 37 of the fixed frame 51. This cross-section 36 of the fixed frame is provided with a groove receiving a rod, referred to as the rod 38 of the fixed frame, which slides in the groove of the rigid frame 5. In the embodiment shown, a rod cover for said rod 38 of the frame is not shown solely for the sake of simplicity. Said rod 38 of the frame is fitted with a pin 39 or roller fixed to said rod 38 of the frame.The pin 39 is adapted to be able to cooperate with a first strike plate 40 formed in the frame. 51 and to lock the movable sash 53 relative to the fixed frame 51, in a first position 56 of said rod 38 of the fixed frame, the pin 39 and the handle 12 of the locking means 55. In the embodiment shown in Figure 8b, the edge of the rigid frame 5, referred to as edge 41 of the panel, of the movable sash 53, extending opposite the rigid panel 7, is provided with a groove receiving a rod, referred to as rod 42 of the panel, mounted to slide in this groove. In the embodiment shown, a rod cover for said rod 42 of the panel is not shown solely for the sake of simplicity. Said rod 42 of the panel is provided with a pin 43 integral with said rod 42 of the panel. The pawl 43 cooperates with a second latch 44 formed in the rigid panel 7 and locks the rigid panel 7 relative to the rigid frame 5, in a first position of said rod 42 of the panel, of the pawl 43 and of the handle 12 of the locking means 55.In this first position 56, the handle 12 extends vertically and downwards from the exterior joinery 50. In the embodiment shown, the pins 39, 43 are joined together by a roller 49 passing through the rigid frame 5, so that the movements of said rod 38 of the frame and said rod 42 of the panel due to a pivoting of the handle 12 are linked. However, nothing prevents the rigid frame 5 of the control device 1 from being exempt from such a connecting roller for the pins 39, 43, the synchronism of the movement of said pins being ensured by a synchronization of the movements of said rod 38 of the frame and said rod 42 of the panel by the handle 12. Any other means allowing a transfer of sliding movement is possible. In the embodiment shown in [Fig.[8] The rod 38 of the frame has a longitudinal groove 45 for receiving a flat end 46 of a shaft 47 that rigidly extends the cylindrical extension 30 of the rigid panel 7, along the pivoting axis 9. In the first position of the rod 38 of the frame, in which the flat end 46 of the cylindrical extension 30 is prevented from rotating about the pivoting axis 9, the rigid panel 7 is held in the closed position 8, due to this and to the locking by the pin 43 and the second strike plate 44. In the embodiment shown in Figures 8, 9 and 10, the rod 42 of the panel does not extend longitudinally to the bearing and stop cage 34. The mechanical strength of the connection between the bearing and stop cage 34 and the rigid frame 5 is thus preserved.

[0069] Figure 9 is an illustration of a detail of an exterior joinery 50 as shown in Figure 8, but in a second position 57 of said rod 38 of the frame, pin 39, said rod 42 of the panel, pin 43 and handle 12 of the locking means 55. In this second position 57, the handle 12 extends substantially horizontally. Between the first position 56 and the second In position 57 of the handle 12, the rod 38 of the frame and its associated pin 39, the rod 42 of the panel and its associated pin 43, are moved upwards so that the pin 39 of the rod 38 of the frame is released from the first strike plate 40. In this second position 57, the sash 53, including the control device 1, is free to pivot relative to the frame 51, and the exterior joinery 50 can be opened. However, in this second position, the pin 43 of the rod 42 of the panel is engaged in the second strike plate 44 and locks the rigid panel 7 relative to the rigid frame 5 in the closed position 8. In the second position of the rod 42 of the panel, the pin 43, and the handle 12, the locking means 55 are engaged.In the second position of said rod 38 of the frame and pin 39, the flat end 46 of the cylindrical extension 30 is blocked from rotation in the longitudinal groove 45 and the rigid panel 7 is held by this and by the locking action of the rollers 43 and the strike plate 44 in said closed position 8. In this second position 57 of the handle 12 of the locking means 55 of the exterior joinery 50, the sash 53 including the control device 1 is free to pivot relative to the frame 51 and the exterior joinery 50 can be opened, and the rigid panel 7 of the control device 1 is locked onto the rigid frame 5 in the closed position 8.

[0070] Figure 10c is an illustration of a detail of an exterior joinery 50 as shown in Figures 8 and 9, but in a third position 58 of said rod 38 of the frame, pin 39, said rod 42 of the panel, pin 43, the flat end 46 of the shaft 47 and the handle 12 of the locking means 55. In this third position 58, the handle 12 extends substantially vertically, opposite to the first position 56. Between the second position 57 and the third position 58 of the handle 12, said rod 38 of the frame and the associated pin 39, said rod 42 of the panel and the associated pin 43, are moved upwards so that the pin 39 of said rod 38 of the frame is locked by the first strike plate 40.In this third position 58, the opening 53, including the control device 1, is locked in a position where the movable opening 53 cannot pivot relative to the fixed frame 51 and the outer window 50 is closed. However, in this third position 58, the pin 43 of the rod 42 of the panel is released from the second strike plate 44 so that the rigid panel 7 is free to pivot relative to the rigid frame 5 when the temperature difference of the atmospheric air on either side of the outer window 50 exceeds the predetermined threshold value, and the control device 1 is configured so that the upper and lower parts of the rigid panel 7 are free to be moved by the combined hot and cold airflows. In the third position 58 of said rod 38 of the sleeper and pin 39, the end 46 with flats of the cylindrical extension 30 extends into a widening. 48 of the longitudinal groove 45, so that the cylindrical extension 30 and the rigid panel 7 are not blocked from tilting along the tilting axis 9 (Figures 10a and 10b). In this third position 58, only the control device 1 is unlocked and atmospheric air exchange is perfectly controlled. In the third vertical position 58, the handle 12 can only be brought back from its third vertical position 58 into the second horizontal unlocking position 57 of the opening 53 and the frame 51 if the rigid panel 7 is in the closing position 8, the flat end 46 of the cylindrical extension 30 being brought back so as to extend parallel to the longitudinal groove 45 of the rod 38 of the frame and allowing the flat end 46 to slide in the longitudinal groove 45 of the rod 38 of the frame 51.Collisions of the rigid panel 7 in said opening position 17 are thus avoided during the opening of the movable sash 53. In a preferred embodiment, the exterior joinery 50 includes means of error protection adapted to prevent the handle 12 from tilting and locking means 55 in the third position 58, only on the condition that the movable sash 53 cooperates with the frame 51 in such a way that the movable sash 53 obstructs the frame 51 of the exterior joinery 50.

[0071] According to certain embodiments not shown, nothing prevents providing that at least one of said rod 38 of the frame and / said rod 42 of the panel is provided with at least one angle return, so as to extend the means of locking the rigid panel in relation to the rigid frame and / or of locking the movable sash in relation to the frame, to the lower and / or upper edges of the rigid frame and to a post of the rigid frame, opposite the post of the rigid frame supporting the handle, according to the dimensions of the exterior joinery.

[0072] The invention also relates to a device for controlling atmospheric air exchange between two spaces and exterior joinery equipped with such a control device, characterized, in combination or not, by all or part of the features mentioned above or below. Regardless of the formal presentation given, unless explicitly stated otherwise, the various features mentioned above or below should not be considered as closely or inextricably linked to each other; the invention may relate to only one of these structural or functional features, or only part of these structural or functional features, or only part of one of these structural or functional features, or any grouping, combination or juxtaposition of all or part of these structural or functional features.

Claims

Demands

1. Device (1) for controlling the exchange of atmospheric air between two spaces (2,3) separated from each other by a vertical rigid wall (4) of a set (10) of rigid walls delimiting at least one, called the first space (3), of the two spaces (2,3), the control device (1) comprising: - a rigid frame (5) delimiting an opening (6), - a rigid panel (7) dimensioned to extend into the opening (6) and to be able to close this opening (6) in a position, called the closed position (8), relative to the rigid panel (7) with respect to the rigid frame (5), in which the control device (1) is substantially airtight, the rigid panel (7) being mounted freely in a tilting position relative to the rigid frame (5), along a horizontal tilting axis (9),the tilting axis (9) being positioned such that a difference in atmospheric air temperatures on either side of the control device (1) and of an absolute value greater than or equal to a predetermined non-zero threshold value causes the rigid panel (7) to tilt relative to the rigid frame (5) and allows a movement of hot air and a return movement of cold air, due to this tilting, and such that the rigid panel (7) is spontaneously returned to said closed position (8) when said temperature difference is less than said predetermined threshold value.

2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the vertical rigid wall (4) of the assembly (10) of rigid walls delimiting said first space (3) being a vertical rigid wall extending in relation to a space, said exterior space (2), distinct from said first space (3) and opposite said first space (3), said exterior space (2) is an enclosed space, at least partly limited by glazed walls, and exposed to solar radiation.

3. Device according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the rigid panel (7) being in said closed position (8), the center (15) of gravity of the rigid panel (7) is offset downwards with respect to a horizontal plane passing through the tilting axis (9).

4. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the rigid panel (7) being in said closed position (8), the center (15) of gravity of the rigid panel (7) is laterally offset with respect to a vertical plane passing through the tilting axis (9).

5. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it is exclusively passive.

6. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that at least one of the rigid frame (5) and the rigid panel (7) form(s) a peripheral cover shoulder and support of the rigid frame (5) and the rigid panel (7) on each other -in particular support of the rigid panel (7) on the rigid frame (5) - in said closed position (8).

7. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it comprises at least one airtight seal (23,24) of an interface formed between the rigid frame (5) and the rigid panel (7) in said closed position (8).

8. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the rigid panel (7) comprises two cylindrical extensions (30) of revolution about the tilting axis (9) of the rigid panel (7) and adapted to cooperate each with a coaxial bearing (33), and to guide the rigid panel (7) in tilting relative to the rigid frame (5) about the tilting axis (9).

9. Device according to claim 8, characterized in that each bearing (33) is a bearing selected from a plain bearing, a ball bearing and a needle bearing.

10. Device according to any one of claims 8 or 9, characterized in that: - the rigid panel (7) has at least one rotation stop (31), and - the rigid frame (5) has at least one rotation stop (32) complementary to the rotation stop (31) of the rigid panel (7), each rotation stop (31) and each complementary rotation stop (32) being arranged to be able to limit the tilting stroke of the rigid panel (7) relative to the rigid frame (5).

11. Device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that it comprises means (29) for reversibly locking the rigid panel (7) in said closed position (8).

12. Exterior joinery (50) comprising a fixed frame (51) intended to be fixed to a structure (52) of a building or dwelling and a movable opening (53) relative to the fixed frame (51), characterized in that the movable opening (53) is formed by a device (1) for controlling atmospheric air exchange according to any one of claims 1 to 11

13. 1 1. Joinery (50) according to claim 12, characterized in that the movable opening (53) is a hinged opening by pivoting of the hinged opening relative to the fixed part (51) around a vertical pivot axis (54).

14. Joinery (50) according to claim 12, characterized in that the movable opening (53) is a sliding opening.

15. Joinery (50) according to any one of claims 12 to 14, characterized in that the device (1) for controlling an atmospheric air exchange forming the movable opening (53) comprises means (55) for reversibly locking the rigid panel (7) in said closed position (8), the locking means (55) comprising a handle (12) integral with the rigid frame (5) and pivoting between: - a first position (56) of the handle (12) in which the rigid panel (7) is locked in said closed position (8) and the movable opening (53) is locked relative to the fixed frame (51) in a closed position of the external joinery (50), - a second position (57) of the handle (12) in which the rigid panel (7) is locked in said closed position (8) and the movable opening (53) is not locked relative to the fixed frame (51),and - a third position (58) of the handle (12) in which the rigid panel (7) is not locked in said closed position (8) and the movable sash (53) is locked relative to the frame (51) in a closed position of the exterior joinery (50).

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