LED modules and LED module assemblies

Abstract

The LED module comprises one or more LEDs and one or more biasing members 6a, 6b (e.g., leaf springs) connected to a support member (e.g., PCB 2a, 2b), and one or more protrusions 16a, 16b, 17a, 17b.

Description

This invention relates to LED modules and LED module assemblies for use in a housing of an electronic input / output device, for example of the type used for electronic video games. BACKGROUND Electronic shooting games such as electronic clay target shooting games have grown increasingly popular due to their ability to provide immersive and realistic gaming experiences. One method to enhance this realism is to use deactivated real-life firearms, such as shotguns, as input / output devices (I / O devixces). By integrating electronic components into these deactivated firearms, players can experience the tactile and visual feedback of handling an actual firearm while participatingin a virtual environment. There are various ways of setting up and operating an electronic shooting game system. One type of system uses cameras to track lights mounted onto an I / O device within a 3D space to thereby determine the orientation of the I / O device in said space. As and when a user activates the I / O device within the 3D space, the system can receive a signal from the I / O device and determine its orientation to determine, for example, the trajectory of digital shotgun shot relative to a screen displaying a virtual gaming environment. A key component of modifying firearms into I / O devices for use in such electronic shootinggames employingthe aforementioned type of tracking system is the use of lightemitting diodes (LEDs) to assist the camera system with tracking the movement and orientation of the I / O device in a 3D space. These LEDs emit signals that can be captured by tracking systems including cameras or other sensors capable of sensing light emitted from the LEDs, allowingthe game software to accurately register the I / O device’s position and direction. The tracking of the LEDs is crucial for creating a seamless interaction between the physical device and the virtual game world. However, modifying a real-life shotgun for this purpose while maintaining the authentic appearance of the gun presents significant challenges. One primary challenge is the integration of LEDs into a barrel (or two barrels e.g. if the shotgun is double-barrelled). To maintain the authentic appearance and feel of the I / O device as a firearm, it is advantageous to mount the LEDs from the inside of the barrel outward, and on different sides of the barrel e.g. substantially between the 10 and 2 O’clock positions around the circumference of the barrel taking 12 O’clock to be the top of the barrel where the rib of the shotgun is arranged (so that the LEDs emit light from upper portions of the barrel for an overhead camera system to see, although the LEDs could alternatively be mounted in substantially lower positions e.g. 4 and 7 O’clock positions if cameras are to be mounted at a low level facing upwards instead). Mounting from within the barrel in this way would allow the electronic components to be hidden, preserving the gun’s external aesthetics and ensuring that the LEDs protrude only slightly from the surface of the barrel through precisely drilled holes. The problem arises from the difficulty in installing these LEDs along the entire length of the shotgun barrel, and on different alternating sides of the barrel. The interior of the barrel is typically narrow and difficult to access by hand or with tools, making it challenging to align and then secure the LEDs within the drilled holes from within. Traditional methods of mounting LEDs externally, which is a far easier and more straightforward approach, result in a less authentic appearance which can interfere with the handling characteristics of the resulting I / O device and be susceptible to damage. Therefore, there is a need for an innovative solution that allows for the precise and secure insertion of LEDs into the barrel of a shotgun from the inside for use as an I / O device. This solution should aim to address or at least alleviate the challenge of accessing a narrow and long interior housing space and accurately positioning a series of LEDs in alignment with pre-drilled holes along the interior of the housing, preferably at the same time achieving a wide viewing angle for light emitted by the LEDs once inserted with minimal occlusion by the barrel, to ultimately enable more reliable tracking and maintain the I / O device's realistic appearance as a firearm. The present invention aims to solve these problems by providing a novel apparatus which aids and at least improves the installation process of inserting and securing LEDs into the barrel of a gun such as a deactivated shotgun for use as an I / O device, enhancing the realism and functionality of electronic shooting games without compromising the aesthetic and handling qualities of the I / O device. The present invention aims to provide an apparatus which can be applied to other I / O devices for use in electronic gaming or other fields where a similar problem of inserting LEDs into drilled openings of a tight housing space exists. SUMMARY OF INVENTION In a first aspect of the invention, there is provided an LED module for an electronic device housing, the housing (the electronic device housing) comprising one or more walls which define a cavity and one or more openings, the LED module comprising: one or more LEDs, a support member, one or more biasing members, and one or more protrusions. The one or more LEDs and the one or more biasing members are connected to the support member. Wherein, upon insertion of the LED module into the cavity in at least one orientation via one of the one or more openings: each of the one or more biasing members is configured to be compressed against a wall of the housing and, when compressed, exert and maintain a counterforce against the wall (against which the biasing member is compressed) and the support member in a direction opposed to the compression, said one or more biasing members being configured so that said counterforce: pushes the one or more LEDs and / or the support member against a wall of the housing, thereby arranging each of the one or more LEDs to a position suitable for emitting light via one of the one or more openings, and pushes each of the one or more protrusions at least partially into one of the one or more openings (which openings are configured to receive said one or more protrusions), thereby (from the counterforce pushing the LEDs and / or the support member against the wall of the housing combined with the counterforce pushing the protrusions at least partially into the openings) supporting and holding the LED module within the cavity. The term “LED module” is used to define a device that includes one or more LEDs along with associated features of said module. The LED module of the first aspect is configured to be inserted into, be supported within, and provide light emissions through designated one or more openings in the housing (which may be called ‘light emission openings’) which may be arranged (positioned) on the one or more walls of said housing to correspond to the arrangement (position) of the LEDs on the LED module. The housing with one or more walls defining a cavity and the one or more openings (which may be drilled or formed into the housing) do not form part of the LED module of the first aspect, but optionally can do. A device comprising a housing and an at least one LED module in accordance with this disclosure is disclosed herein in relation to the third aspect. The housing for use with the LED modules and LED module assemblies disclosed herein could be any housing for an electronic device requiring insertion of LEDs for transmitting light through openings thereon, and generally comprises the one or more walls which define a cavity (an interior space) for housing at least one LED module / module assemblies. At least one of the one or more openings is dimensioned to allow the LED module (or LED module assemblies) to be inserted into the cavity and this at least one of the one or more openings may be referred to as an ‘insertion opening’. Optionally, the LED module is for an electronic I / O device or just an output device housing. The term "I / O device" refers to an electronic device that facilitates input and / or output operations, allowing the exchange of data between the device and external systems or users. Examples of I / O devices include, but are not limited to, keyboards, mice, displays, network interfaces, sensors, and game console controllers. I / O devices typically have a housing with a cavity that accommodates various internal components, including in some cases LED modules. The LED module described herein is for I / O devices which employ LED modules, and particularly suitable and useful for I / O devices where LEDs need to be inserted within a housing with narrow and long dimensions such as the barrel of a gun. The term "support member" refers to a structural component of the LED module that provides a mounting platform for the LEDs and biasing members. This support member, due to the structure it provides, ensures that the LEDs and biasing members are correctly positioned and securely attachable thereto. The one or more LEDs and the one or more biasing members are “connected” to the support member, and this means that they are at least mechanically connected to the support member and may optionally be electronically connected (in the case of the LEDs). While the LEDs require an electronic connection to at least a power source to operate, a power source / electronic connection does not need to be provided by the support member and could come from separate wires connected to a power source. The term “biasing members” refers to components within the LED module that are configured to exert a mechanical force directly on the housing and support member when the module is inserted into the device housing. The primary functions and advantages of the biasing members include: Compression and counterforce generation: The one or more biasing members are configured to compress upon insertion of the LED module into the housing when the LED module is in at least one orientation. This compression creates a counterforce against the internal surface of the housing and the support member, which helps to securely position the LED module within the housing by pushing it up against internal walls thereof. Positional adjustment and holding: By exerting the counterforce when the LED module is inserted into the housing, the biasing member(s) force the LEDs and / or support member towards an internal surface of the housing. This acts to stabilise / hold the LED module within the housing to at least some extent, preventing unwanted movement or dislodgement during operation of the device. This improves consistency of performance and reliability of the lighting provided by the LEDs. The term “counterforce” refers to the reactive force generated by the biasing members when they are compressed as they would duringthe insertion of the LED module into the device housing. This force acts in the opposite direction to the compression force applied to the biasing members (i.e. in the directions of the wall and the support member). Advantageously, the counterforce ensures a secure fit of the LED module within a housing once inserted, provides positional integrity (assists in holding the LEDs and support member in the correct position, ensuring that the LEDs can remain aligned with the openings in the housing for optimal light emission, and absorbs or at least dampens vibrations and shocks protecting the LEDs and the LED module from mechanical stresses that could affect performance and longevity, e.g. if the device is dropped and exposed to mechanical shock. The overall dimensions (sizing) of the LED module should be configured so that the one or more biasing members and other components of the LED module function as described herein. These dimensions will change, e.g. depending on the shape and size of the housing to which the LED module is to be inserted. That is, the LED module should be sized so that upon insertion of the LED module into a housing each of the one or more biasing members compresses and exerts a counterforce against an internal surface of the housing and the support member upon insertion of the LED module within the housing, thereby forcing at least one of the one or more LEDs and / or the support member towards and against an internal surface of the housing in a direction facing the support member which enables the positioning and holding of the one or more LEDs in a region of one or more openings in the housing, such that light emitted from the one or more LEDs escapes through the one or more openings when the LED module is inserted within the housing and when the LEDs are aligned with said openings. The arrangement of LEDs on the support member (i.e. the way they are positioned) should preferably correspond to the arrangement of the openings on the housing. Optionally, the support member may comprise first and second surfaces arranged on opposed sides thereof. In this case, the one or more LEDs are connected to the first surface, and the one or more biasing members are connected to the second surface, wherein upon insertion of the LED module into the cavity in the at least one orientation via one or the one or more openings: each of the one or more biasing members on the second surface are configured to be compressed against a wall of the housing and, when compressed, exert a counterforce against the wall and the support member in a direction opposed to the compression, said one or more biasing members being configured so that said counterforce: pushes the one or more LEDs on the first surface of the support member and / or the support member against a wall of the housing opposing the first surface of the support member, and arranging each of the one or more LEDs to a position suitable for emitting light via one of the one or more openings, and pushes each of the one or more protrusions at least partially into one of the one or more openings, thereby (from the counterforce pushing the LEDs and / or the support member against the wall of the housing opposing the first surface of the support member, combined with the counterforce pushing the protrusions at least partially into the openings) supporting and holding the LED module within the cavity. The terms “first surface” and “second surface” refer to two distinct planes or faces of the support member. The first surface is the plane to which the LEDs may be attached, while the second surface is the plane to which the biasing members may be attached. These surfaces, as part of the support member, provide a structural basis for the attachment and enable proper alignment of the LEDs and biasing members within the LED module, especially the LEDs with the one or more openings for letting light emitted from the LEDs to pass through. This configuration ensures that the LEDs and biasing members are positioned in a manner that allows the biasing members to exert force through the support member effectively. Optionally, the one or more biasing members are configured so that the counterforce exerted by the biasing member against the support member when compressed is in a direction towards and perpendicular to the first surface. Optionally, the LED module comprises two or more LEDs, for example the LED module comprises 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11,12,13,14,15 etc. LEDs. Optionally, each of the one or more LEDs connected on the first surface are substantially opposite to at least one biasing member of the one or more biasing members on the second surface, thereby causing the at least one biasing member to exert the counterforce against the support member at the area where the one or more LEDs are positioned on the first side. The term "substantially opposite" means that the positions of the LEDs on the first surface align closely with the positions of the biasing members on the second surface of the support member. This alignment is such that the LEDs and the biasing members are located at corresponding points on either side of the support member. While exact alignment is not required, the positioning should be close enough to ensure that the biasing members effectively exert counterforce at the locations where the LEDs are attached, providing the necessary mechanical interaction for stability and proper functioning of the LED module. Optionally, the support member comprises one or more notches and one or more arranged along one edge, configured to allow the support member to castellate with a second LED module with corresponding notches and projections. The terms “notches” and “projections” (which could alternatively be referred to as protrusions) refer to alternating indentations (notches) and extensions (projections) along an edge of the support member. These features advantageously allow a first LED module to interlock with the corresponding notches and projections of a second LED module, enabling a castellated configuration. The term “castellate” means to interlock or fit together like the battlements of a castle. In this context, it refers to the interlocking arrangement of the notches and projections on the support member with those on a second LED module, ensuring a secure and stable connection. Optionally, the one or more notches comprise an angled edge configured so that when the support member castellates with a second LED module with at least the same features (and optionally with any additional optional features described herein), the two LED modules castellate together at an angle corresponding to the angle of said angled edge. Optionally, the one or more notches are larger than the one or more projections thereby enabling an extent of interplay between the two (a first and second) LED modules when castellated together. Advantageously, such a configuration enables precise positioning of the one or more LEDs on each of the LED modules with respect to openings in the housing. Optionally, the one or more LEDs and one or more biasing members are arranged on the one or more projections. Optionally, the one or more biasing members comprise a spring or a resilient material. A resilient material as used herein (including in relation to the optional secondary spring disclosed below) is meant to cover any material which can deform under pressure and return to substantially the same original shape once the pressure is removed. Examples of possible resilient materials include foam, rubber, or other elastomeric materials. Optionally, each of the at least one or more biasing members is a spring such as a leaf spring. The term “leaf spring” refers to a flat, elongated spring that is typically made from a strip of metal but can also be made from polymeric materials. Optionally, the leaf spring is a dual leaf spring assembly comprising a first leaf spring and a second leaf spring mounted in opposition, for example to form the shape of an oval or an eye. By mounting two leaf springs in opposition the flexing movements of the springs oppose each other, providing a balanced and stable force. Optionally, a secondary spring such as a coil spring or a resilient member such as foam is arranged within the leaf spring, such that the secondary spring is compressed when the leaf spring is compressed, providing additional spring action to the leaf spring. Optionally, the secondary spring is mounted within the leaf spring on one or two projections. Optionally, at least one of the projections is integral to the leaf spring, and wherein if two projections are provided then one of the projections may be integral to the one or more LEDs or to the support member. If a dual leaf spring is provided then one projection may be integral to each leaf spring. Optionally, the leaf spring is 3D printed, preferably 3D printed using a polymeric or metallic material. Optionally, the LED module further comprises one or more LED covers (which may alternatively be called a Tight pipe’ or Tight guide’) attached to the support member and covering the one or more LEDs, wherein said one or more LED covers comprise the one or more protrusions and are configured to transmit light emitted by said one or more LEDs, for example to the outside of the housing via one or more openings on said housing when the LED module is inserted within the housing and the LEDs and LED covers are aligned with said openings (in the at least one orientation). Optionally, one LED cover is provided per LED. Optionally, the one or more LED covers each comprising one or the one or more protrusions configured (dimensioned) to fit into one of the one or more openings in the housing are configured to protrude from said opening. The spacing / arrangement of the one or more LED covers and protrusions on the support member may be configured to match the arrangement of the one or more openings configured to receive the protrusions in the housing when the LED module is inserted therein in the at least one orientation, thereby allowing the said protrusions to fit securely within said openings in the housing (e.g. drilled or formed holes) at the same time. Preferably, the dimensions of the one or more protrusions are configured to fit securely within said openings in the housing and also to protrude therefrom to the outside of the housing (i.e. to protrude out from the opening(s) via the side opposite to the side from which they entered via the inside of the housing), thereby enabling light transmitted from the LED to be emitted out of the housing with a wide viewing angle and minimalocclusion by the barrel. Optionally, if more than one LED covers are provided each comprising the protrusion portions then the dimensions of each of the protrusion portions may be different from each other to ensure each of said protrusion portions protrudes from said openings. This is advantageous for circumstances where walls of the housing through which the openings may be formed (e.g. drilled or formed) may be of varying thickness (e.g. as can be the case with the barrel of a shotgun which can be tapered) thereby enabling the protrusion portions to protrude from the openings to the same extent through each opening no matter the housing thickness. Optionally, the protrusion is dome shaped. Preferably, when the LED module is inserted in the housing and the one or more LEDs are aligned with the one or more openings and the one or more protrusions are secured within the one or more openings, the domed shaped protrusions are configured to protrude out from each of the one or more openings. Optionally, the LED module further comprises one or more support surfaces configured to push up against and engage with a wall of the housing when the LED module is inserted into the cavity and the counterforce is exerted. Such support surfaces provide further support to the LED module within the housing. Optionally, the one or more support surfaces are arranged on the one or more LEDs, the one or more LED covers (if provided), and / or the support member. Optionally, the one or more LED covers each comprise a support surface, said support surface being shaped to match the profile of the wall of the housing it is configured to be pushed up against. Optionally, the support member is a printed circuit board (PCB) and wherein the connection between the support member and the one or more LEDs is an electronic and mechanical attachment connection. In a second aspect of the invention, there is provided an LED module assembly for an electronic device housing (e.g. the housing of an I / O device), comprising two LED modules in accordance with the first aspect (with or without the optional features defined in relation to it), wherein the support member on each LED module comprises one or more notches and one or more projections arranged along one edge, the notches and projections of one LED module configured to interlock with the projections and notches respectively of the other LED module, thereby configuring the two LED modules to interlock. In a third aspect of the invention, there is provided an electronic device (e.g. an I / O device such as a shotgun I / O device for use with electronic gaming) comprising a housing comprising one or more walls which define a cavity and one or more openings; and at least one LED module in accordance with the first aspect. The housing which is part of the electronic device of the third aspect being the housing referred to in relation to the first aspect. Optionally, the electronic device is limited to having two LED modules each one being in accordance with the first aspect (with or without the optional features defined in relation to it, in any combination). Optionally, the electronic device according to any preceding aspect, wherein the housing is cylindrical. Optionally, the housing is a barrel of a shotgun and wherein the one or more openings through which light may be emitted from the one or more LEDs may be holes drilled into the barrel. Optionally, the opening of the housing that the LED module is configured to be inserted is the end of the barrel. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS The above and other aspects of the invention will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 shows a drawing of an example LED module assembly (viewed from above) in accordance with this disclosure. Figure 2 shows a zoomed in view of a section of the example LED module assembly shown in Figure 1. Figure 3 shows a zoomed in view of a section of the example LED module shown in Figures 1 and 2. Figure 4 shows a drawing of an example LED module assembly (viewed from below) in accordance with this disclosure. Figure 5 shows a cross-sectional view of the example LED module in accordance with this disclosure as inserted into a housing correspondingto the barrel of a shotgun. Figures 6a to 6f show an insertion sequence of an example LED module assembly in accordance with this disclosure being inserted into a housing correspondingto the barrel of a shotgun. DETAILED DESCRIPTION The present disclosure relates to LED modules and LED module assemblies both for use within the housing of an electronic device such as an I / O device or an output only device. The following detailed description relates to an example LED module assembly in accordance with this disclosure, in the context of being used within an electronic I / O device in the form of a shotgun adapted for an electronic shooting game where the housing is the barrel which forms an interior space. The LED modules and LED module assemblies disclosed herein address the problems defined above. That is, the LED modules and LED module assemblies allow for precise, secure, and straightforward insertion of LEDs into the barrel of the shotgun from the inside, and address the challenges discussed herein in relation to inserting LEDs into the depths of a narrow interior space such as that of a gun barrel to accurately position and hold one or a constellation of LEDs (more than one LEDs in a specific special arrangement with respect to each other) in alignment with, and optionally within, predrilled holes in the barrel to ensure reliable tracking. While the following example is given in relation to the use of an example LED module assembly in accordance with this disclosure within a shotgun electronic I / O device, the LED modules and LED module assemblies in accordance with this disclosure are not limited only to use within the barrel of a shotgun electronic I / O device and could alternatively be used for other electronic device housings where similar problems are faced, e.g. I / O devices in the form of magic wands, bats such as cricket or baseball bats, rackets such as tennis rackets, and the like. An LED module assembly as described herein refers to an assembly comprising more than one of the LED modules described herein, e.g. 2, 3,4, 5, 6 etc LED modules. An example LED module assembly comprising two LED modules (50a,50b) in accordance with this disclosure is shown in Figures 1 to 3 generally at item (100). Figures 1 to 3 show substantially the same LED module assembly (100) but from different perspectives. Hereafter, when describing Figures 1 to 3 (and Figure 4) a letter ‘a’ will be used in relation to reference numbers denotingfeatures of LED module (50a), and a letter ‘b’ will be used in relation to reference numbers denoting features of LED module (50b). Figures 6a to 6f show an example use of a single LED module (50) within an under and over shotgun. LED module (50) shown in Figures 6a to 6f substantially corresponds to the LED modules (50a,50b) with the same features, and therefore for these figures the letters ‘a’ and ‘b’ are not used but the same numbering convention is used to denote corresponding features, for example the PCB (2a,2b) of LED modules (50a,50b) is referred to as PCB (2) for LED module (50), and so on for all other features of LED module (50). The example LED modules (50a,50b) each comprise a support member which in this example is a PCB (2a,2b), a series of LEDs, a biasing member which in this example is a spring (6a,6b), and LED covers (4a,4b). The printed circuit board (2a,2b) forms a support structure (which may also be referred to as a ‘support member’) for other features / components of the LED modules (50a,50b). Printed circuit boardswill hereafter be referred to as ‘PCB’ or‘PCBs’. The support member (2a,2b) ensures that once the various components are attached thereto they remain in substantially constant relative positions to each other when in normal use and when being inserted into the housing, which is especially important for the process of inserting the assembly (100) into a housing. To provide this supporting function the support members (2a,2b) should be of a suitable rigidity to enable the LED modules (50a,50b) to be inserted into a housing whilst being held by a user from one end, and also to withstand mechanical stresses exerted by the biasing members (6a,6b), while substantially avoiding any crumpling of deformation. The LEDs on each of the LED modules (50a,50b) are not directly shown in the Figures 1 to 3 as they are covered and obscured from view in the figures by the LED covers (4a,4b) or the biasing members (6a,6b) and PCB (2a,2b). The LEDs, LED covers (4a,4b) and biasing members (6a,6b) are all attached to the PCB (2a,2b), and the configuration of their attachment will be described below. The PCBs (2a,2b) do not need to be PCBs and may alternatively be other support members made from any suitable material such as polymeric material, metal, or composite material, without a printed circuit board aspect to provide an electrical connection to the LEDs. If the support members (2a,2b) are not PCBs then the LEDs may be connected to an electronic circuit and a power source by wired connection. As above, the support members (2a,2b) may be fabricated from various materials, including metal, plastic, or composite materials. The shape of the PCBs (2a,2b) are substantially strip like. That is, PCBs (2a,2b) are strips in that they are narrow, thin, and elongated sections of PCB configured to accommodate and support the various components of the PCB modules (50a,50b). A strip shape is suitable for use where the housingthe assembly (100) is to be inserted is longand narrow (e.g. the barrel of a gun) however the shape / dimensions of the PCB are not limited to only being strip like and may be other dimensions, e.g. rectangular or circular, depending on the shape of the housing the assembly (100) is to be used within. For example, if the housingthe assembly (100 and all other embodiments) is to be used within is cylindrical (or any other shape for that matter) then the dimensions of the PCB (2a,2b) should be selected to enable the LEDs / LED covers (6a,6b) to be aligned with (and optionally inserted into) the drilled holes (i.e. the dimensions of the PCB should not prevent the LEDs / LED covers (6a,6b) from being aligned with (and optionally inserted into) the holes drilled into the housing). PCB (2a) comprises 5 notches (8a) and 6 projections (10a), which castellate (interlock) with 6 projections (10b) and 5 notches (8b) respectively of PCB (2b). The castellation of the PCBs (2a,2b) within the PCB module assembly (100) means that the LEDs from module (50a) can be mounted at different angles with respect to LEDs from module (50b). The castellation of the PCBs (2a,2b) shown in Figures 1 to 3 enables the LEDs on PCB (2a) to sit at 90 degrees with respect to the LEDs on PCB (2b) while the PCBs (2a,2b) are castellated together. A castellated (interlocked) relationship between the two PCBs (2a,2b) means that when the modules (50a,50b) are castellated together and inserted into a housing the LEDs are kept in substantially the same position with respect to each other. This is important so that all of the LEDs become aligned with the openings of the housing simultaneously. The notches (8a,8b) may optionally be longer than the projections (10a,10b) as shown in Figures 1 to 3 and this enables the PCBs (2a,2b) to slide to some extent with respect to each other, advantageously enabling the assembly to have tolerance for imprecisions in the positioning of the openings of the housing, or for the same LED module assembly to be used with housings of variations in arrangements of the holes. The castellated relationship between the two PCBs (2a,2b) also means that when the LEDs are aligned with the openings of the housing simultaneously and are pushed into said openings by the biasing means (6a,6b), the castellations enable the PCBs (2a,2b) freedom of movement with respect to each other to move apart in order to allow the LEDs / LED covers (4a,4b) to be pushed into said openings. Optionally, the side surfaces of the notches (8a,8b) shown at item (14a,14b) and which may also be called ‘castellation contact surfaces’ may be angled so as to preferentially cause the two LED modules (2a,2b) to be at a specific angle with respect to each other when castellated together and pushed up against each other (note, the castellation contact surfaces (14a,14b) are not angled in the accompanyingfigures). For small housings such as the substantially cylindrical barrel of a shotgun, the castellated relationship advantageously allows the two LED modules to fit within the housing with the LEDs on each of the LED modules angled with respectto each other(e.g. at 90 degrees to each other) when without the castellations it would not be possible to do so given in order for each of the LED modules to be inserted properly the planes of each would need to intersect. The castellations (the notches (8a,8b) and projections (10a,10b)) allow the PCBs (2a,2b) to pass through each other so that the PCB modules (50a,50b) can work together even in small and confined housings. The castellation of the PCBs (2a, 2b), provided by the notches (8a,8b) and projections (10a,10b), allows forflexible and precise positioning of the LED modules (50a,50b) within a narrow and long housing. As mentioned above, this interlocking mechanism, or castellation, allows the PCBs to be arranged at various angles relative to each other while being interlocked. This flexibility is particularly advantageous in applications such as mounting LEDs within a cylindrical housing, like a gun barrel, where space is tight and LEDs need to emit light from holes / openings of a housing at different angles, but could also be used effectively in housings of other shapes such as rectangular housings. A significant advantage of this castellated configuration for gun barrels is that it allows the LEDs to emit light through drilled holes on either side of the barrel. Furthermore, the castellation feature enhances the stability and structural integrity of the LED module assembly (100). The way the PCBs castellate can be configured to form a customised assembly for various housing shapes and sizes, and desired directions for LEDs, making it a versatile solution for different types of electronic I / O devices. In summary, the castellated design of the PCBs (2a,2b) allows for adjustable angling of the LED modules (50a,50b) with respect to each other, enabling precise positioning of the LEDs within housings (e.g. cylindrical housing) to assist with inserting an LED assembly therein. The LED modules (50a,50b) each comprise 6 LEDs which are each arranged on the notches (8a,8b) and evenly spaced out along the length of the PCBs (2a,2b). Each notch (8a,8b) has one LED mounted thereto. The relative sizes of the notches (8a,8b) and / orthe spacings between the LEDs on said notches may be adjusted and configured so that the LEDs arranged on the notches (8a,8b) alongthe length of the PCBs (2a,2b) are in a spaced apart arrangement with some LEDs being closer to neighbouring LEDs than others - an example of this is shown in the example LED assembly (200) embodiment in Figure 4 which is substantially the same as the LED module assembly (100) shown in Figures 1-3 apart from havingtwo regions on each of the LED modules where LEDs / biasing members (6a,6b) are more densely arranged (i.e. they are closer together). This enables the LED modules (50a,50b) to provide constellations of different LED patterns / shapes instead of the spacings being uniform between all LEDs along the length of the PCB (2a,2b). The LED covers (4a,4b) comprise a protrusion portion (12a,12b) which may alternatively be referred to as a ‘domed portion’. The LED cover (4a,4b) is configured to act as a light pipe (which may alternatively be referred to as a lightguide) for the LED which is arranged underneath the LED cover (4a,4b) and transmits light emitted from the LED. The protrusion portion (12a,12b) also acts to fit securely within the openings (e.g. drilled holes) of a housing into which the LED module (50a,50b) is inserted when pushed into the openings under the force of the biasing members (springs 6a,6b). The height of the protrusion portion (12a,12b) if provided is preferably such that once the LED module assembly is inserted within the housing and the LEDs are aligned with the openings, and the protrusion portions (12a, 12b) fitted securely within the openings of the housing under the force of the biasing members, they protrude subtly from the openings. Preferably the protrusion portion (12a,12b) is a curved dome type shape which protrudes from the openings thereby distributing light emitted from the LEDs effectively. The LED module (50a,50b) comprises one LED cover (4a,4b) for each LED. The one or more openings on the housing could be drilled holes that are countersunk as shown in Figures 6d, 6e and 6f at (502) in the context of an LED module (100) being used within the upper barrel of an over-and-under shotgun, each countersink having sloped sides defining a mouth on an outer surface of the housing and a bottom where the sloped sides meetthe drilled hole, and in this case the domed shaped protrusions (shown at (12) in Figures 6d, 6e and 6f)) may be configured to protrude between the mouth and the bottom of each countersink. This arrangement allows the LED cover (4) / protrusion (12) to protrude from the housing to an extent which provides an effective light projection angle from the LED while avoiding any protrusions from the overall profile of the housing (a shotgun barrel) which would work against the authentic feel of the shotgun. Each LED cover (4a,4b) is preferably configured to protrude through corresponding openings in the housing, ensuring that light emitted from the LEDs is effectively directed outward. The height of the protrusions (12a, 12b) on the LED covers (4a,4b) should be selected to match the depth of the openings, allowing them to sit flush with or slightly protrude from the external surface of the housing (or within a countersunk section of the openings) in a domed shape for effective light emission and light emission angles as discussed above. Each LED cover (4a,4b) is attached to the PCB (2a,2b) by protrusions (not shown in the drawings) either side of the LED, each of the two protrusions fitting into receiving holes drilled into the PCB (2a,2b) shown at items (18a,18b) on Figure 4 which has been amended to remove some of the biasing members (6a,6b) for illustrative purposes so that the receiving holes (18a, 18b) are visible. In this arrangement the two protrusions on each LED cover (4a,4b) may be slightly larger in diameter than the diameter of the receiving holes (18a,18b) drilled into the PCB (2a,2b), thereby when mated with the PCB (2a,2b) forming an interference fit therebetween whereby a fastening connection is formed between the two mating parts by friction holding them together. The protrusions may alternatively or in addition be bonded into the drilled holes in the PCB (2a,2b) with adhesive. The biasing members (6a,6b) are arranged on the notches (8a,8b) on the opposite side of the PCB (2a,2b) to the LEDs and LED covers (4a,4b). The exemplified LED module assembly (100) embodiment comprises one biasing member (6a,6b) per LED / LED cover (4a,4b) / notch (8a,8b), although this is not essential and instead it would be feasible for a different number of biasing members to be provided, e.g. a biasing member (6a,6b) every other LED / LED cover (4a,4b) along the length of the PCBs (2a,2b). A biasing member (6a,6b) for each LED / LED cover (4a,4b) is preferred since this secures and holds the protrusions (12a,12b) of each LED cover (4a,4b) within the openings of the housings effectively. The biasing members (6a,6b) comprise two leaf springs (dual leaf springs) which are mounted in opposition to each other as shown in the figures for example Figures 3 and 4. The shape of the two leaf springs when mounted together in opposition is oval (or an eye shape). The ends of each of the two leaf springs are connected together thereby forming a continuous loop. The biasing members (6a,6b) are attached to the PCBs (2a,2b) with adhesive but may alternatively be attached in other ways such as an interference attachment formed between pegs on the biasing members (6a,6b) attached within holes drilled into the PCB (2a,2b) or could be integrated if the support members (2a,2b) are not PCBs and if the support members (2a,2b) and biasing members (6a,6b) are 3D printed as a single piece. Each of the two leaf springs comprise an integrated protrusion (16a,16b,17a,17b), each protrusion (16a,16b,17a,17b) facing each other and onto which a coil spring can be mounted (not shown in the figures). That is, a secondary spring can be mounted between the two leaf springs mounted in opposition. The result of this configuration is that the secondary spring (the coil spring) is compressed when the dual leaf springs are compressed together, thereby providing additional spring action to the leaf springs. The secondary spring is not limited to a coil spring and could alternatively be any other suitable sort of spring or a resilient material such as foam or rubber. The dual leaf springs and integrated protrusions (16a,16b,17a,17b) are 3D printed as a single piece from sintered nylon. The biasing members (6a,6b) are not limited to only being 3D printed and may be made via any other processes and from other suitable materials which could be other polymeric materials, metallic materials, or composite materials. The biasing members (6a,6b) are not limited to only being two leaf springs mounted in opposition as shown in the figures and could alternatively be other forms of springs or a type of resilient material such as foam or rubber. The dimensions of each LED module (50a,50b) used within the assembly (100) are configured so that when the LED modules (50a,50b) are castellated together to form the assembly (100), the assembly (100) may be inserted into a housing and the height and width dimensions of the assembly (100) when the biasing members (6a,6b) are in an uncompressed state are largerthan the height and width dimensions of the housing. Said dimensions of the assembly (100) should be larger than those of the housing to a degree where the assembly (100) can be inserted and the biasing members such as the springs (6a,6b) compress to the extent where they apply a counterforce sufficient to push the PCBs (2a,2b) towards the opposed internal wall of the housing, and to also push the LED cover protrusions (12a,12b) into corresponding housing openings once the assembly (100) is fully inserted into said housing and the LED cover protrusions (12a,12b) are aligned with said openings. The dimensions of the LED modules (50a, 50b) and the overall LED module assembly (100) are configured to, in combination with the biasing members’ (6a,6b) dimensions and spring characteristics, ensure proper functionality and secure fitting within the housing of an electronic I / O device, such as a shotgun barrel intended for use as an I / O device for use in an electronic shooting game. Moreover, the biasing members (6a,6b) are dimensioned and have spring characteristics configured to exert sufficient force based on the dimensions of the housing and module (50a,50b) or assembly (100) to hold the LED modules (50a,50b) in place without causing deformation or excessive wear to the housing while also allowing a user to perform the insertion by hand. The overall assembly, including the castellated interlocking features of the PCBs, ensures that the modules can be securely and easily installed into housings with varying lengths and diameters, maintaining the desired positional integrity and stability of the LEDs. In summary, the dimensions of the LED modules and their components are configured to fit within the specified housing dimensions, ensuring that the biasing members (6a,6b) provide the necessary counterforce for secure placement. The LED modules (50a,50b) are configured to fit within a housing of an electronic I / O device which requires the implementation of one or more LEDs for functional purposes. An example of an electronic I / O device to which the LED modules (50a,50b) could be employed includes the barrel of a shotgun for use with an electronic shooting game. The following is a description of the example LED modules (50a,50b) described herein in use within the barrel of a shotgun for use with an electronic shooting game. Figure 5 shows an LED module assembly in accordance with this disclosure corresponding to LED module assembly (100) inserted into the barrel (500) of a shotgun comprising holes (502) drilled therein. An example step-by-step guide for installing an LED module (50) into the barrel (500) of a shotgun for use in an electronic game could be as follows, referring to the example sequence shown in Figures 6a to 6f. While the following example step-by-step guide is given in relation to the LED module (50) the substantially the same step-by-step guide could be used for installing an LED module assembly (100) such as that shown in Figures 1-3. Preparation: Pre-drill holes (502) in the barrel corresponding to the arrangement of LEDs and protrusions (12a,12b) on the LED covers (4a,4b) of LED module (50) (or LED module assembly (100)). Insertion: Slide the LED module (50) (or LED module assembly (100)) into the barrel (500). Figure 6a shows the LED module (50) before insertion, Figure 6b shows the LED module (50) partially inserted, and Figure 6c shows the LED module (50) fully inserted). Upon insertion, the biasing members (6) compress, exerting a counterforce against the PCB (2) that push the PCB (2) towards the internal barrel wall and pushes the LED cover protrusions (12) into the internal barrel wall, making alignment and insertion of the LED cover protrusions (12) with / into the pre-drilled holes (502) possible. Alignment: During insertion, purposely misalign the LED covers (and therefore the LED cover protrusions (12)) with the barrel holes (502) as shown in Figure 6d to prevent incorrect alignment. Once fully inserted, rotate the LED module (50) to align the protrusions (12) with the holes. Once aligned, the LED cover protrusions (12) will simultaneously be forced / will pop into the pre-drilled holes (502) in the barrel (500) by the counterforce from the biasing member (6) as shown in Figures 6e and 6f thereby securing the LED module (50) into position. Securing: The counterforce provided by the biasing members (6) maintains the LED cover protrusions (12) into the drilled holes (502), securing the LED module (50) within the barrel (500). The counterforce maintains the LED cover protrusions (12) within the drilled holes, ensuring stable and consistent light emission. The LED modules (50a,50b) could be used on their own as shown in Figures 6a-6f or used in combination to form an LED module assembly (100), and in either way are designed to address issues such as the narrow interior space of the barreland precise alignment with pre-drilled holes. The springs (6a,6b) and secondary springs (not shown in the figures) enhance stability and resistance to mechanical stresses, ensuring consistent LED performance. The LED module assembly’s castellated configuration allows for secure fitting within various housings, not limited to firearms, and can be adapted for other electronic I / O devices with similar requirements. The LED modules and assemblies described herein provide a robust solution for integrating LEDs into electronic I / O devices with narrow and elongated housings, ensuring precise alignment, stability, and protection, thereby enhancing the overall functionality and user experience. In another embodiment (not shown in the figures), an LED module assembly can be configured to include three or four (or more) LED modules, each capable of interlocking or castellating with adjacent modules. This arrangement is particularly advantageous for applications requiring a high degree of redundancy and flexibility, such as in the barrel of a shotgun used in electronic shooting games. Each LED module in this assembly is designed similarly to the previously described modules (50a,50b) but modified to allow for seamless integration in a larger, castellated assembly. Not all LED modules in this assembly need to be active at all times. For instance, while two of the modules may align with pre-drilled holes in the barrel to emit light necessary for game tracking, one or two modules may remain inactive, serving as backups. The inactive modules are strategically designed without corresponding drilled holes in the gun barrel when initially installed. These modules can be activated by simply rotating the entire LED module assembly within the barrel. This rotation feature is advantageous if one of the active modules fails during gameplay. Throughout the description and claims of this specification, the words “comprise” and “contain” and variations of the words, for example “comprising” and “comprises”, mean “including but not limited to”, and are not intended to (and do not) exclude other components. It will be appreciated that variations to the foregoing embodiments of the invention can be made while still falling within the scope of the invention. Each feature disclosed in this specification, unless stated otherwise, may be replaced by alternative features serving the same, equivalent or similar purpose. Thus, unless stated otherwise, each feature disclosed is one example only of a generic series of equivalent features. All of the features disclosed in this specification may be combined in any combination, expect combinations where at least some of such features and / or steps are mutually exclusive. In particular, the preferred features of the invention are applicable to all aspects of the invention and may be used in any combination. Likewise, features described in non-essential combinations may be used separately (not in combination). It will be appreciated that many of the features described above, particularly of the preferred embodiments, are inventive in their own right and not just as part of an embodiment of the present invention. Independent protection may be sought for these features in addition to or alternative to any invention presently claimed.

Claims

1. An LED module for an electronic device housing,the housing comprising one or more walls which define a cavity and one or more openings,the LED module comprising: one or more LEDs, a support member, one or more biasing members, and one or more protrusions; whereinthe one or more LEDs and the one or more biasing members are connected to the support member; and whereinupon insertion of the LED module into the cavity in at least one orientation via one of the one or more openings:each of the one or more biasing members is configured to be compressed against a wall of the housing and, when compressed, exert and maintain a counterforce against the wall and the support member in a direction opposed to the compression, said one or more biasing members being configured so that said counterforce:pushes the one or more LEDs and / orthe support member against a wall of the housing, thereby arranging each of the one or more LEDs to a position for emitting light via one of the one or more openings, andpushes each of the one or more protrusions at least partially into one of the one or more openings, thereby supporting and holding the LED module within the cavity.

2. The LED module according to claim 1, wherein the support member comprises first and second surfaces arranged on opposed sides thereof, whereinthe one or more LEDs are connected to the first surface, and the one or more biasing members are connected to the second surface, whereinupon insertion of the LED module into the cavity in the at least one orientation via one or the one or more openings:each of the one or more biasing members on the second surface are configured to be compressed against a wall of the housing and, when compressed, exert a counterforce against the wall and the support member in adirection opposed to the compression, said one or more biasing members being configured so that said counterforce:pushes the one or more LEDs on the first surface of the support member and / or the support member against a wall of the housing opposing the first surface of the support member, and arranging each of the one or more LEDs to a position suitable for emitting light via one of the one or more openings, andpushes each of the one or more protrusions at least partially into one of the one or more openings,thereby supporting and holding the LED module within the cavity.

3. The LED module according to claim 2, wherein the one or more biasing members are configured so that the counterforce exerted by each of the one or more biasing members against the support member when compressed is in a direction towards and perpendicular to the first surface.

4. The LED module accordingto claim 2 or claim 3, wherein each of the one or more LEDs connected on the first surface are substantially directly opposite to at least one biasing member of the one or more biasing members on the second surface, thereby causingthe at least one biasing memberto exert the counterforce against the support member at the area where the one or more LEDs are connected on the first surface.

5. The LED module according to any preceding claim, wherein the support member comprises one or more notches and one or more projections arranged along one edge, configured to allow the support member to castellate with a second LED module in accordance with claim 5.

6. The LED module accordingto claim 5, wherein the one or more notches comprise an angled edge configured so that when the support member castellates with a second LED module in accordance with claim 5 or claim 6, the two LED modules castellate together at an angle corresponding to the angle of said angled edge.

7. The LED module accordingto claim 5 or claim 6, wherein the one or more notches are larger than the one or more projections.

8. The LED module accordingto one of claims 5 to 7, wherein the one or more LEDs and one or more biasing members are arranged on the one or more projections.

9. The LED module according to any preceding claim, wherein the one or more biasing members comprise a spring or a resilient material such as foam.

10. The LED module according to any preceding claim, wherein each of the at least one or more biasing members comprises a spring such as a leaf spring.

11. The LED module accordingto claim 10, wherein the leaf spring is a dual leaf spring assembly comprising a first leaf spring and a second leaf spring mounted in opposition to the first leaf spring, for example to form an oval shape.

12. The LED module according to claim 10 or claim 11, wherein a secondary spring such as a coil spring or a resilient member such as foam is arranged within the leaf spring, such that the secondary spring is compressed when the leaf spring is compressed, providing additional spring action to the leaf spring.

13. The LED module accordingto claim 12, wherein the secondary spring is mounted within the leaf spring on one or two projections.

14. The LED module according to claim 13, wherein at least one of the projections is integral to the leaf spring, and wherein if two projections are provided then one of the projections may be integral to the one or more LEDs or to the support member.15.The LED module accordingto any one of claims 10 to 14, wherein the leaf spring is 3D printed, preferably 3D printed using a polymeric or metallic material.

16. The LED module according to any preceding claim, further comprising one or more LED covers attached to the support member and covering the one or more LEDs, whereinsaid one or more LED covers comprise the one or more protrusions and are configured to transmit light emitted by said one or more LEDs.

17. The LED module according to any preceding claim, wherein one LED cover is provided per LED.

18. The LED module according to claim 16 or claim 17, wherein the one or more LED covers each comprising one of the one or more protrusions configured to fit into one or the one or more openings in the housing are configured to protrude from said openings.19.The LED module accordingto claim 18, wherein the protrusion is dome shaped.

20. The LED module according to any preceding claim, further comprising one or more support surfaces configured to push up against and engage with a wall of the housing when the LED module is inserted into the cavity and the counterforce is exerted.21 .The LED module accordingto claim 20, wherein the one or more support surfaces are arranged on the one or more LEDs, the one or more LED covers (if provided), and / or the support member.

22. The LED module accordingto claim 20 when dependent on one of claims 16 to 18, wherein the one or more LED covers each comprise a support surface, said support surface being shaped to match the profile of the wall of the housing it is configured to be pushed up against.

23. The LED module according to any preceding claim, wherein the support member is a printed circuit board (PCB) and wherein the connection between the support member and the one or more LEDs is an electronic and mechanical attachment connection.

24. An LED module assembly for an electronic device housing, comprising:two LED modules in accordance with any one of claims 1 to 23;wherein the support member on each LED module comprises one or more notches and one or more projections arranged along one edge, the notches and projections of one LED module configured to interlock with the projections and notches respectively from the other LED module, thereby configuring the two LED modules to interlock.

25. An electronic device comprising:a housing comprising one or more walls which define a cavity and one or more openings; andat least one LED module in accordance with any one of claims 1 to 23 or an LED module assembly in accordance with claim 24.

26. The electronic device according to claim 25, comprising two LED modules each one in accordance with one of claims 1 to 23.

27. The electronic device according to claim 25 or claim 26, wherein the housing is cylindrical, and preferably the housing is a barrel of a shotgun.

28. The electronic device according to any one of claims 25 to 27, further comprising a power source located within the housing.s

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