Communication Systems Radar Signaling

Abstract

A method for reporting radar signal measurement capabilities includes determining, at a communications device, a capability of the communications device to measure a wireless radar signal having a frequency within a communications frequency range, and transmitting, from the communications device to a network entity, a capability indication of the communications device's capability to measure the wireless radar signal, the capability indication indicating a transmission power level of the wireless radar signal from a source of the wireless radar signal or a received power level of the wireless radar signal at the communications device.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS This application claims the benefit of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 17 / 195,097, filed Mar. 8, 2021, entitled “COMMUNICATION SYSTEM RADAR SIGNALING,” which is assigned to the assignee of this application and is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety for all purposes. [Background technology]

[0002] Wireless communication systems have evolved through various generations, including first generation analog wireless telephone service (1G), second generation (2G) digital wireless telephone service (including interim 2.5G and 2.75G networks), third generation (3G) high speed data, Internet-enabled wireless service, fourth generation (4G) service (e.g., Long Term Evolution (LTE), or WiMax), fifth generation (5G) service, and the like. Currently, many different types of wireless communication systems are in use, including cellular systems and personal communication service (PCS) systems. Examples of known cellular systems include Cellular Analog Advanced Mobile Phone System (AMPS), and digital cellular systems based on Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Global System for Mobile Access (GSM) variants of TDMA, and the like.

[0003] The fifth generation (5G) mobile standard calls for higher data transfer speeds, a larger number of connections, and better coverage, among other improvements. According to the Next Generation Mobile Network Alliance, the 5G standard is designed to provide data rates of tens of megabits per second to each of tens of thousands of users, providing one gigabit per second for each office floor where dozens of people work. To support large-scale sensor deployments, hundreds of thousands of simultaneous connections should be supported. Thus, the spectral efficiency of 5G mobile communications should be significantly increased compared to the current 4G standard. In addition, it should increase signaling efficiency and significantly reduce latency compared to the current standard. Summary of the Invention [Means for solving the problem]

[0004] An example communications device includes a transceiver, a memory, and a processor communicatively coupled to the transceiver and the memory, the processor being configured to: transfer, via the transceiver, a wireless data signal within a communications frequency range; determine a capability of the communications device to measure a wireless radar signal received via the transceiver, the wireless radar signal having a frequency within the communications frequency range; transmit, via the transceiver to a network entity, a first indication of the capability of the communications device to measure the wireless radar signal, the first indication indicating a transmit power level of the wireless radar signal from a source of the wireless radar signal or a receive power level of the wireless radar signal at the communications device; receive, via the transceiver, the wireless radar signal; determine a positioning measurement of the wireless radar signal; and transmit, via the transceiver to the network entity, a second indication of the positioning measurement.

[0005] Implementations of such a communications device may include one or more of the following features: the first indication indicates one or more received power levels including a sensitivity power level, or a saturation power level, or both a sensitivity power level and a saturation power level; the first indication indicates a received power level, the first indication being a relative power level; the first indication indicates a transmit power level, the first indication indicating successful processing of the wireless radar signal; the received power level is a first received power level of the wireless radar signal received as a reflected signal, the first indication indicating the first received power level relative to a second received power level of the wireless radar signal received as a leakage signal; the received power level is a first received power level of the wireless radar signal, the first indication indicating the first received power level relative to a second received power level of the wireless data signal; the processor is configured to determine the first indication in response to receiving a request for processing of the wireless radar signal from the network entity via the transceiver. The processor is configured to transmit the first instruction in response to a request from a network entity to process the wireless radar signal, or configured to transmit the first instruction periodically, or configured to transmit the first instruction semi-persistently, or any combination thereof.

[0006] Also or alternatively, implementations of such a communications device may include one or more of the following features: The processor is configured to: (1) a first frequency band within a communications frequency range for receiving a wireless radar signal, or (2) a first frequency band combination within a communications frequency range for receiving a wireless radar signal, or (3) a combination of a first frequency band and a second frequency band within a communications frequency range for transmitting a wireless data signal simultaneously with receiving the wireless radar signal, or (4) a combination of a first frequency band and a second frequency band combination within a communications frequency range for transmitting a wireless data signal simultaneously with receiving the wireless radar signal, or (5) a frequency gap between a first resource element of the wireless radar signal and a second resource element of the wireless data signal, or (6) a frequency gap between a first resource element of the wireless radar signal and a second resource element of the wireless data signal, or (7) a frequency gap between a first resource element of the wireless radar signal and a second resource element of the wireless data signal, or (8) a frequency gap between a first resource element of the wireless radar signal and a second resource element of the wireless data signal, or (9) a frequency gap between a first resource element of the wireless radar signal and a second resource element of the wireless data signal, or (10) a frequency gap between a first resource element of the wireless radar signal and a second resource element of the wireless data signal, or (11) a frequency gap between a first resource element of the wireless radar signal and a second resource element of the wireless data signal, or (12) a frequency gap between a second resource element of the wireless radar signal and a second resource element of the wireless data signal, or (13) a frequency gap between a second resource element of the wireless radar signal and a second resource element of the wireless data signal, or (14) a frequency gap between a second resource element of the wireless radar signal and a second resource element of the wireless data signal, or (15) a frequency gap between a second resource element of the wireless radar signal and a second resource element of the wireless data signal, or (16) a frequency gap between a first resource element of the wireless radar signal and a second resource element of the wireless data signal, or (17) a frequency gap between a second resource element of the wireless radar signal and a second resource element of the wireless data signal, The processor is configured to determine the first instruction based on (1) one or more components selected by the processor to receive the wireless radar signal, or (7) one or more components selectable to receive the wireless radar signal, or (8) an expected attenuation of the wireless radar signal, or (9) a transmit power of a transceiver used to transmit the wireless data signal, or (10) a pairing of one or more radio frequency transmitting components of the communication device with one or more radio frequency receiving components of the communication device, or (11) a resource set of the wireless radar signal, or a resource of the wireless radar signal, or a frequency layer of the wireless radar signal, or any combination of (1)-(11). The processor is configured to transmit the first instruction associated with one of (1)-(11) or a combination of two or more of (1)-(11).

[0007] Also or alternatively, implementations of such a communications device may include one or more of the following features: The first indication includes a device type of the communications device.

[0008] Another example communications device includes means for transferring wireless data signals within a communications frequency range, means for determining a capability of the communications device to measure wireless radar signals having frequencies within the communications frequency range, means for transmitting to a network entity a first indication of the capability of the communications device to measure the wireless radar signals, the first indication indicating a transmit power level of the wireless radar signal from a source of the wireless radar signal or a receive power level of the wireless radar signal at the communications device, means for receiving the wireless radar signal, means for determining a positioning measurement of the wireless radar signal, and means for transmitting to the network entity a second indication of the positioning measurement.

[0009] Implementations of such a communications device may include one or more of the following features: the first indication indicates one or more received power levels including a sensitivity power level, or a saturation power level, or both a sensitivity power level and a saturation power level; the first indication indicates a received power level, the first indication being a relative power level; the first indication indicates a transmit power level, the first indication indicating successful processing of the wireless radar signal; the received power level is a first received power level of the wireless radar signal received as a reflected signal, the first indication indicating the first received power level relative to a second received power level of the wireless radar signal received as a leakage signal; the received power level is a first received power level of the wireless radar signal, the first indication indicating the first received power level relative to a second received power level of the wireless data signal; the communications device includes means for determining the first indication in response to receiving a request for processing of the wireless radar signal from a network entity. The means for transmitting the first instruction includes means for transmitting the first instruction in response to a request from a network entity to process the wireless radar signal, or means for periodically transmitting the first instruction, or means for semi-persistently transmitting the first instruction, or any combination thereof.

[0010] Also or alternatively, implementations of such a communications device may include one or more of the following features: The communications device may include: (1) a first frequency band within a communications frequency range for receiving a wireless radar signal, or (2) a first frequency band combination within a communications frequency range for receiving a wireless radar signal, or (3) a combination of a first frequency band and a second frequency band within a communications frequency range for transmitting a wireless data signal simultaneously with receiving a wireless radar signal, or (4) a combination of a first frequency band and a second frequency band combination within a communications frequency range for transmitting a wireless data signal simultaneously with receiving a wireless radar signal, or (5) a frequency gap between a first resource element of the wireless radar signal and a second resource element of the wireless data signal, or (6) a frequency gap between a first resource element of the wireless radar signal and a second resource element of the wireless data signal. The means for transmitting the first instruction includes means for determining the first instruction based on (1) one or more components selected to receive the wireless radar signal, or (2) one or more components responsive to selection to receive the wireless radar signal, or (3) an expected attenuation of the wireless radar signal, or (4) a transmit power of the means for forwarding the wireless data signal, or (5) a pairing of one or more radio frequency transmitting components of the communication device with one or more radio frequency receiving components of the communication device, or (6) a resource set of the wireless radar signal, or a resource of the wireless radar signal, or a frequency layer of the wireless radar signal, or any combination of (1)-(11). The means for transmitting the first instruction includes means for transmitting the first instruction associated with one of (1)-(11) or a combination of two or more of (1)-(11).

[0011] Also or alternatively, implementations of such a communications device may include one or more of the following features: The first indication includes a device type of the communications device.

[0012] An example method for reporting radar signal measurement capabilities includes determining, at a communications device, a capability of the communications device to measure a wireless radar signal having a frequency within a communications frequency range, and transmitting, from the communications device to a network entity, a capability indication of the communications device's capability to measure the wireless radar signal, the capability indication indicating a transmit power level of the wireless radar signal from a source of the wireless radar signal or a receive power level of the wireless radar signal at the communications device.

[0013] Implementations of such a method may include one or more of the following features: The capability indication is indicative of one or more receive power levels including a sensitivity power level, or a saturation power level, or both a sensitivity power level and a saturation power level; The capability indication is indicative of a receive power level of the wireless radar signal, the capability indication being a relative power level; The capability indication is indicative of a transmit power level, the capability indication being indicative of successful processing of the wireless radar signal; The receive power level is a first receive power level of the wireless radar signal received as a reflected signal, and the capability indication is indicative of the first receive power level relative to a second receive power level of the wireless radar signal received as a leakage signal; The receive power level is a first receive power level of the wireless radar signal, and the capability indication is indicative of the first receive power level relative to a second receive power level of the wireless data signal. The method includes determining the capability indication in response to receiving a request for processing of the wireless radar signal from the network entity. Transmitting the capability indication includes transmitting the capability indication in response to a request from the network entity to process the wireless radar signal, or transmitting the capability indication periodically, or transmitting the capability indication semi-persistently, or any combination thereof.

[0014] Also or alternatively, implementations of such methods may include one or more of the following features: The method may include (1) a first frequency band within a communications frequency range for receiving a wireless radar signal, or (2) a first frequency band combination within a communications frequency range for receiving a wireless radar signal, or (3) a combination of a first frequency band and a second frequency band within a communications frequency range for transmitting a wireless data signal simultaneously with receiving the wireless radar signal, or (4) a combination of a first frequency band and a second frequency band combination within a communications frequency range for transmitting a wireless data signal simultaneously with receiving the wireless radar signal, or (5) a frequency gap between a first resource element of the wireless radar signal and a second resource element of the wireless data signal, or (6) a frequency gap between a first resource element of the wireless radar signal and a second resource element of the wireless data signal, or (7) a frequency gap between a first resource element of the wireless radar signal and a second resource element of the wireless data signal, or (8) a frequency gap between a first resource element of the wireless radar signal and a second resource element of the wireless data signal, or (9) a frequency gap between a first resource element of the wireless radar signal and a second resource element of the wireless data signal, or (10) a frequency gap between a first resource element of the wireless radar signal and a second resource element of the wireless data signal, or (11) a frequency gap between a first resource element of the wireless radar signal and a second resource element of the wireless data signal, or (12) a frequency gap between a first resource element of the wireless radar signal and a second resource element of the wireless data signal, or (13) a frequency gap between a second resource element of the wireless radar signal and a second resource element of the wireless data signal, or (14) a frequency gap between a second resource element of the wireless radar signal and a second resource element of the wireless data signal, or (15) a frequency gap between a first resource element of the wireless radar signal and a second resource element of the wireless data signal, or (16) a frequency gap between a first resource element of the wireless radar signal and a second resource element of the wireless data signal, or (17) a frequency gap between a first resource element of the wireless radar signal and a second resource element of the wireless data signal, or (18 The capability indication may include determining a capability indication based on (1) one or more components selected to receive a wireless radar signal, or (7) one or more components available for selection to receive a wireless radar signal, or (8) an expected attenuation of the wireless radar signal, or (9) a transmit power used to transmit a wireless data signal from the communications device, or (10) a pairing of one or more radio frequency transmitting components of the communications device with one or more radio frequency receiving components of the communications device, or (11) a resource set of the wireless radar signal, or a resource of the wireless radar signal, or a frequency layer of the wireless radar signal, or any combination of (1)-(11). Transmitting the capability indication may include transmitting a capability indication associated with one of (1)-(11) or a combination of two or more of (1)-(11).

[0015] Also or alternatively, implementations of such methods may include one or more of the following features: The capability indication includes a device type of the communication device.

[0016] An exemplary non-transitory processor-readable storage medium includes processor-readable instructions configured to cause a processor of a communications device to determine a capability of the communications device to measure wireless radar signals having frequencies within a communications frequency range, and to transmit to a network entity a capability indication of the communications device's capability to measure the wireless radar signals, the capability indication indicating a transmit power level of the wireless radar signal from a source of the wireless radar signal or a receive power level of the wireless radar signal at the communications device.

[0017] Implementations of such a storage medium may include one or more of the following features: the capability indication is indicative of one or more receive power levels including a sensitivity power level, or a saturation power level, or both a sensitivity power level and a saturation power level; the capability indication is indicative of a receive power level of the wireless radar signal, the capability indication being a relative power level; the capability indication is indicative of a transmit power level, the capability indication being indicative of successful processing of the wireless radar signal; the receive power level is a first receive power level of the wireless radar signal received as a reflected signal, and the capability indication is indicative of the first receive power level relative to a second receive power level of the wireless radar signal received as a leakage signal; the receive power level is a first receive power level of the wireless radar signal, and the capability indication is indicative of the first receive power level relative to a second receive power level of the wireless data signal. The storage medium includes processor-readable instructions configured to cause a processor to determine the capability indication in response to receiving a request for processing of the wireless radar signal from a network entity. The processor readable instructions configured to cause a processor to transmit a capability indication include processor readable instructions configured to cause the processor to transmit the capability indication in response to a request from a network entity to process a wireless radar signal, or to transmit the capability indication periodically, or to transmit the capability indication semi-persistently, or any combination thereof.

[0018] Also or alternatively, implementations of such a storage medium may include one or more of the following features: The storage medium may be configured to, for example, provide a processor with: (1) a first frequency band within a communications frequency range for receiving a wireless radar signal, or (2) a first frequency band combination within a communications frequency range for receiving a wireless radar signal, or (3) a combination of a first frequency band and a second frequency band within a communications frequency range for transmitting a wireless data signal simultaneously with receiving the wireless radar signal, or (4) a combination of a first frequency band and a second frequency band combination within a communications frequency range for transmitting a wireless data signal simultaneously with receiving the wireless radar signal, or (5) a frequency gap between a first resource element of the wireless radar signal and a second resource element of the wireless data signal, or (6) a frequency gap between a first resource element of the wireless radar signal and a second resource element of the wireless data signal, or (7) a frequency gap between a first resource element of the wireless radar signal and a second resource element of the wireless data signal, or (8) a frequency gap between a first resource element of the wireless radar signal and a second resource element of the wireless data signal, or (9) a frequency gap between a first resource element of the wireless radar signal and a second resource element of the wireless data signal, or (10) a frequency gap between a first resource element of the wireless radar signal and a second resource element of the wireless data signal, or (11) a frequency gap between a first resource element of the wireless radar signal and a second resource element of the wireless data signal, or (12) a frequency gap between a second resource element of the wireless radar signal and a second resource element of the wireless data signal, or (13) a frequency gap between a second resource element of the wireless radar signal and a second resource element of the wireless data signal, or (14) a frequency gap between a second resource element of the wireless radar signal and a second resource element of the wireless data signal, or (15) a frequency gap between a first resource element of the wireless radar signal and a second resource element of the wireless data signal, or (16) a frequency gap between a second resource element of the wireless radar signal and a second resource element of the wireless data signal, or (17) a frequency gap between a second resource element of the wireless radar signal and The processor readable instructions configured to cause a processor to determine a capability indication based on (1) one or more components selected to receive a signal, or (7) one or more components available for selection to receive a wireless radar signal, or (8) an expected attenuation of the wireless radar signal, or (9) a transmit power used to transmit a wireless data signal from the communications device, or (10) a pairing of one or more radio frequency transmitting components of the communications device with one or more radio frequency receiving components of the communications device, or (11) a resource set of the wireless radar signal, or a resource of the wireless radar signal, or a frequency layer of the wireless radar signal, or any combination of (1)-(11). The processor readable instructions configured to cause a processor to transmit a capability indication include processor readable instructions configured to cause a processor to transmit a capability indication associated with one of (1)-(11) or a combination of two or more of (1)-(11).

[0019] Also or alternatively, implementations of such a storage medium may include one or more of the following features: The capability indication includes a device type of the communication device.

[0020] An exemplary radar server includes a transceiver, a memory, and a processor communicatively coupled to the transceiver and the memory, where the processor is configured to: receive from each of the plurality of first communications devices via the transceiver a first indication of a capability of a respective one of the plurality of first communications devices to measure a first wireless radar signal; determine at least a subset of the plurality of first communications devices to act as wireless radar signal receivers based on the first indication from each of the plurality of first communications devices; transmit second instructions to the plurality of second communications devices instructing them to transmit a second radar signal; and transmit third instructions to the at least the subset of the plurality of first communications devices instructing them to receive the second radar signal.

[0021] Such implementations of the radar server may include one or more of the following features: The processor is configured to transmit the second instructions along with each of at least one of the second instructions indicating a transmit power to be used by a respective communication device of the plurality of second communication devices; The processor is configured to transmit, via the transceiver, one or more fourth instructions to establish a respective training phase window to be used by one or more of the plurality of first communication devices in determining the first instruction; The processor is configured to transmit, via the transceiver, fifth instructions to each of at least a subset of the plurality of second communication devices instructing them to transmit a plurality of test wireless radar signals, each having a different transmit power; The processor is configured to receive, from a particular first communication device of the plurality of first communication devices, a sixth indication indicating which of the plurality of test wireless radar signals the particular first communication device successfully measured, and to transmit, based on the sixth indication, at least one of the second instructions indicating a transmit power to be used by the particular second communication device of the plurality of second communication devices.

[0022] Another example radar server includes means for receiving from each of the plurality of first communications devices a first indication of a capability of a respective one of the plurality of first communications devices to measure a first wireless radar signal; means for determining at least a subset of the plurality of first communications devices to act as wireless radar signal receivers based on the first indication from each of the plurality of first communications devices; means for transmitting second instructions to the plurality of second communications devices instructing them to transmit a second radar signal; and means for transmitting third instructions to at least the subset of the plurality of first communications devices instructing them to receive the second radar signal.

[0023] Such implementations of the radar server may include one or more of the following features: The means for transmitting the second instructions includes means for transmitting the second instructions with each of at least one of the second instructions indicating a transmit power to be used by a respective communication device of the plurality of second communication devices. The radar server includes means for transmitting one or more fourth instructions to establish a respective training phase window that one or more of the plurality of first communication devices should use to determine the first instruction. The radar server includes means for transmitting fifth instructions to each of at least a subset of the plurality of second communication devices instructing them to transmit a plurality of test wireless radar signals each having a different transmit power. The radar server includes means for receiving from a particular first communication device of the plurality of first communication devices a sixth indication indicating which of the plurality of test wireless radar signals the particular first communication device successfully measured, and the means for transmitting the second indications includes means for transmitting at least one of the second indications indicating a transmit power to be used by the particular second communication device of the plurality of second communication devices based on the sixth indication.

[0024] An example method of coordinating radar signaling by a server includes receiving, at the server, from each of a plurality of first communications devices, a first indication of a capability of a respective one of the plurality of first communications devices to measure a first wireless radar signal; determining, at the server, at least a subset of the plurality of first communications devices to act as wireless radar signal receivers based on the first indication from each of the plurality of first communications devices; transmitting, from the server, second instructions to the plurality of second communications devices instructing them to transmit a second radar signal; and transmitting, from the server, third instructions to at least the subset of the plurality of first communications devices instructing them to receive the second radar signal.

[0025] Implementations of such a method may include one or more of the following features: the transmitting the second indication includes transmitting the second indication together with each of at least one of the second indications indicating a transmit power to be used by the respective communication device of the plurality of second communication devices; the method includes transmitting one or more fourth indications for establishing a respective training phase window to be used by one or more of the plurality of first communication devices in determining the first indication; the method includes transmitting a fifth indication to each of at least a subset of the plurality of second communication devices instructing them to transmit a plurality of test wireless radar signals, each having a different transmit power; the method includes receiving a sixth indication from a particular first communication device of the plurality of first communication devices indicating which of the plurality of test wireless radar signals the particular first communication device successfully measured, and the transmitting the second indication includes transmitting at least one of the second indications indicating a transmit power to be used by the particular second communication device of the plurality of second communication devices based on the sixth indication.

[0026] Another exemplary non-transitory processor-readable storage medium includes processor-readable instructions configured to cause a processor of a server to receive, from each of a plurality of first communications devices, a first indication of a capability of a respective one of the plurality of first communications devices to measure a first wireless radar signal; determine at least a subset of the plurality of first communications devices to act as wireless radar signal receivers based on the first indication from each of the plurality of first communications devices; transmit second instructions to the plurality of second communications devices instructing them to transmit a second radar signal; and transmit third instructions to the at least the subset of the plurality of first communications devices instructing them to receive the second radar signal.

[0027] Implementations of such a storage medium may include one or more of the following features: The processor-readable instructions configured to cause a processor to transmit the second instructions include instructions configured to cause the processor to transmit the second instructions with each of at least one of the second instructions indicating a transmit power to be used by a respective communication device of the plurality of second communication devices. The storage medium includes processor-readable instructions configured to cause the processor to transmit one or more fourth instructions to establish respective training phase windows to be used by one or more of the plurality of first communication devices in determining the first instruction. The storage medium includes processor-readable instructions configured to cause the processor to transmit fifth instructions to each of at least a subset of the plurality of second communication devices instructing them to transmit a plurality of test wireless radar signals, each having a different transmit power. The storage medium includes processor readable instructions configured to cause the processor to receive from a particular first communications device of the plurality of first communications devices a sixth indication indicating which of the plurality of test wireless radar signals the particular first communications device successfully measured, and the processor readable instructions configured to cause the processor to transmit second indications include instructions configured to cause the processor to transmit at least one of the second indications indicating a transmit power to be used by the particular second communications device of the plurality of second communications devices based on the sixth indication. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0028] [Figure 1] 1 is a simplified diagram of an example wireless communication system. [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is a block diagram of components of the exemplary user equipment shown in FIG. 1. [Diagram 3] FIG. 2 is a block diagram of components of an exemplary transmit / receive point. [Figure 4] FIG. 2 is a block diagram of components of an exemplary server in which various embodiments are illustrated in FIG. [Diagram 5]FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a monostatic radar system. [Figure 6] FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a bistatic radar system. [Figure 7] FIG. 1 illustrates an example environment for radar signaling. [Figure 8] FIG. 2 is a block diagram of components of a communication device. [Figure 9] FIG. 1 illustrates an example capability message of a communications device capability to measure communications frequency radar signals based on a frequency band. [Figure 10] FIG. 13 illustrates an example capability message of a communications device capability to measure communications frequency radar signals based on frequency band combinations. [Figure 11] FIG. 1 illustrates an example capability message of a communications device capability to measure communications frequency radar signals based on a frequency band or band combination used for radar signaling and a frequency band or band combination used for data communications. [Figure 12] FIG. 1 illustrates an example capability message of a communications device capability to measure communications frequency radar signals based on transmit and receive pair signaling. [Figure 13] FIG. 9 is a block diagram of an antenna, an antenna panel, and a radio frequency chain of the communication device shown in FIG. 8. [Figure 14] A diagram showing an example capability message of a communications device capability to measure communications frequency radar signals based on radar signal resources, resource sets, and / or frequency layers. [Figure 15] FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the components of the radar server. [Figure 16] FIG. 1 illustrates a signaling and process flow for determining location information using communication frequency radar signaling. [Figure 17] FIG. 1 is a block flow diagram of a method for reporting radar signal measurement capabilities. [Figure 18] FIG. 1 is a block flow diagram for coordinating radar signaling. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0029] Techniques for managing radar signaling are discussed herein. For example, communication devices (e.g., one or more base stations and / or one or more UEs (user equipment)) report capability information regarding the capabilities of each of the devices to measure radar signals within a frequency range of wireless communication. The wireless communication frequency range may be for, for example, cellular communication, WiFi communication, and / or another type of wireless communication (e.g., in one or more licensed and / or unlicensed frequency bands). The capability information may include a sensitivity level and / or a saturation level of each device. The communication devices report the capability information to a radar server. The radar server uses the reported information to coordinate radar signaling, for example, determining which devices to use as radar signal transmitters and at what transmission power levels and which devices to use as radar signal receivers. Measurements of received radar signals are reported to the radar server, and the radar server, for example, a location server, determines location information of one or more reflectors based on the measurements. These are examples, and other examples may be implemented.

[0030] The items and / or techniques described herein may provide one or more of the following capabilities, as well as other capabilities not mentioned: The communication components may be used for communication and for radar positioning. Positioning and / or motion detection using communication frequency signals may be performed for objects that have been moved away from the communication device. Energy may be saved by avoiding transmitting signals that cannot be measured and / or attempting to measure signals that cannot be measured. Energy may be saved by transmitting radar signals efficiently, e.g., transmitting radar signals with sufficient transmit power to be measured without using excess transmit power. Other capabilities may be provided, and not every implementation according to the present disclosure must provide any, much less all, of the capabilities discussed.

[0031] Obtaining the location of a mobile device accessing a wireless network can be useful for many applications including, for example, emergency calling, personal navigation, consumer asset tracking, locating friends or family, etc. Existing positioning methods include methods based on measurements of radio signals transmitted from various devices or entities, including satellite vehicles (SVs) and terrestrial radio sources in the wireless network, such as base stations and access points. Standardization for 5G wireless networks is expected to include support for various positioning methods, which may use reference signals transmitted by base stations in a manner similar to how LTE wireless networks currently use positioning reference signals (PRS) and / or cell-specific reference signals (CRS) for position determination.

[0032] The description refers to sequences of actions to be performed by, for example, elements of a computing device. The various actions described herein may be performed by specific circuitry (e.g., an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC)), by program instructions executed by one or more processors, or by a combination of both. The sequences of actions described herein may be embodied in a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a corresponding set of computer instructions that, when executed, cause an associated processor to perform the functions described herein. Thus, the various aspects described herein may be embodied in a number of different forms, all of which are within the scope of this disclosure, including the claimed subject matter.

[0033] As used herein, the terms "user equipment" (UE) and "base station" are not specific or otherwise limited to any particular radio access technology (RAT) unless otherwise stated. Generally, such a UE may be any wireless communication device (e.g., a mobile phone, a router, a tablet computer, a laptop computer, a consumer asset tracking device, an Internet of Things (IoT) device, etc.) used by a user to communicate over a wireless communication network. A UE may be mobile or may be stationary (e.g., at some times) and may communicate with a radio access network (RAN). As used herein, the term "UE" may be interchangeably referred to as an "access terminal" or "AT", "client device", "wireless device", "subscriber device", "subscriber terminal", "subscriber station", "user terminal" or UT, "mobile terminal", "mobile station", "mobile device", or variations thereof. Generally, a UE may communicate with a core network via a RAN, through which the UE may be connected to external networks such as the Internet and to other UEs. Of course, other mechanisms are possible for a UE to connect to the core network and / or the Internet, such as via a wired access network, a WiFi network (e.g., based on IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) 802.11, etc.), etc.

[0034] A base station may operate according to one of several RATs to communicate with UEs depending on the network in which it is deployed. Examples of base stations include an Access Point (AP), a network node, a Node B, an evolved Node B (eNB), or a general Node B (gNode B, gNB). Furthermore, in some systems the base station may provide purely edge node signaling functionality, while in other systems it may provide additional control and / or network management functionality.

[0035] A UE may be embodied by any of several types of devices including, but not limited to, a printed circuit (PC) card, a compact flash device, an external or internal modem, a wireless or wired phone, a smart phone, a tablet, a consumer asset tracking device, an asset tag, etc. A communication link through which a UE can send signals to a RAN is called an uplink channel (e.g., a reverse traffic channel, a reverse control channel, an access channel, etc.). A communication link through which a RAN can send signals to a UE is called a downlink channel or a forward link channel (e.g., a paging channel, a control channel, a broadcast channel, a forward traffic channel, etc.). As used herein, the term traffic channel (TCH) can refer to either an uplink / reverse traffic channel or a downlink / forward traffic channel.

[0036] The term "cell" or "sector" as used herein may correspond to one of multiple cells of a base station or to the base station itself, depending on the context. The term "cell" may refer to a logical communication entity used for communication with a base station (e.g., on a carrier) and may be associated with an identifier (e.g., physical cell identifier (PCID), virtual cell identifier (VCID)) to distinguish neighboring cells operating over the same or different carriers. In some examples, a carrier may support multiple cells, and different cells may be configured according to different protocol types (e.g., machine type communication (MTC), narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT), enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), or others) that may provide access for different types of devices. In some examples, the term "cell" may refer to a portion (e.g., sector) of a geographic coverage area over which a logical entity operates.

[0037] Referring to FIG. 1, an example of a communication system 100 includes a UE 105, a UE 106, a radio access network (RAN) 135, here a fifth generation (5G) next generation (NG) RAN (NG-RAN), and a 5G core network (5GC) 140. The UE 105 and / or the UE 106 may be, for example, an IoT device, a location tracker device, a cellular phone, a vehicle (e.g., a car, a truck, a bus, a boat, etc.), or other device. The 5G network may also be referred to as a new radio (NR) network, the NG-RAN 135 may also be referred to as a 5G RAN or as an NR RAN, and the 5GC 140 may also be referred to as an NG core network (NGC). Standardization of the NG-RAN and 5GC is underway in the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP®). Thus, the NG-RAN 135 and the 5GC 140 may comply with current or future standards for 5G support from the 3GPP®. The NG-RAN 135 may be another type of RAN, e.g., a 3G RAN, a 4G Long Term Evolution (LTE) RAN, etc. The UE 106 may be configured to send and / or receive signals to / from similar other entities in the system 100 and may be similarly coupled to the UE 105, although such signaling is not shown in FIG. 1 for ease of illustration. Similarly, this discussion focuses on the UE 105 for simplicity. The communication system 100 may use information from a constellation 185 of satellite vehicles (SVs) 190, 191, 192, 193 for a satellite positioning system (SPS) (e.g., a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)), such as the Global Positioning System (GPS), Global Navigation Satellite System (GLONASS), Galileo, or Beidou or some other local or regional SPS, such as the Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System (IRNSS), European Geostationary Navigation Overlay Service (EGNOS), or Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS). Additional components of the communication system 100 are described below. The communication system 100 may include additional or alternative components.

[0038] As shown in FIG. 1, the NG-RAN 135 includes NR Node Bs (gNBs) 110a, 110b, and Next Generation eNode Bs (ng-eNBs) 114, and the 5GC 140 includes an Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) 115, a Session Management Function (SMF) 117, a Location Management Function (LMF) 120, and a Gateway Mobile Location Center (GMLC) 125. The gNBs 110a, 110b, and the ng-eNB 114 are communicatively coupled to each other and each configured to wirelessly communicate bidirectionally with the UE 105, and each communicatively coupled to the AMF 115 and configured to communicate bidirectionally therewith. The gNBs 110a, 110b, and the ng-eNB 114 may be referred to as base stations (BSs). The AMF 115, the SMF 117, the LMF 120, and the GMLC 125 are communicatively coupled to each other, and the GMLC is communicatively coupled to the external client 130. The SMF 117 may act as an initial point of contact for a service control function (SCF) (not shown) to create, control, and delete media sessions. A base station, such as the gNBs 110a, 110b, and / or the ng-eNB 114, may be a macro cell (e.g., a high-power cellular base station), or a small cell (e.g., a low-power cellular base station), or an access point (e.g., a short-range base station configured to communicate with a short-range technology, such as WiFi, WiFi-Direct (WiFi-D), Bluetooth, Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE), Zigbee, etc.). One or more of the base stations, e.g., one or more of the gNBs 110a, 110b, and / or the ng-eNB 114, may be configured to communicate with the UE 105 over multiple carriers. Each of the gNBs 110a, 110b, and / or the ng-eNB 114 may provide communication coverage for a respective geographic area, e.g., a cell. Each cell may be partitioned into multiple sectors depending on the base station antennas.

[0039] FIG. 1 provides a generalized illustration of the various components, any or all of which may be used as desired, and each may be duplicated or omitted as desired. Specifically, while only one UE 105 is illustrated, many UEs (e.g., hundreds, thousands, millions, etc.) may be used in the communication system 100. Similarly, the communication system 100 may include a greater (or lesser) number of SVs (i.e., more or less than the four SVs 190-193 illustrated), gNBs 110a, 110b, ng-eNB 114, AMF 115, external client 130, and / or other components. The illustrated connections connecting the various components in the communication system 100 include data and signaling connections that may include additional (intermediary) components, direct or indirect physical and / or wireless connections, and / or additional networks. Additionally, the components may be rearranged, combined, separated, substituted, and / or omitted depending on the desired functionality.

[0040] 1 illustrates a 5G-based network, similar network implementations and configurations may be used for other communication technologies, such as 3G, Long Term Evolution (LTE), etc. Implementations described herein (whether for 5G technology and / or one or more other communication technologies and / or protocols) may be used to transmit (or broadcast) directional synchronization signals, receive and measure the directional signals at a UE (e.g., the UE 105), and / or provide location assistance to the UE 105 (via the GMLC 125 or other location server), and / or calculate a location for the UE 105 at a location enabled device, such as the UE 105, gNBs 110a, 110b, or LMF 120, based on measurements received at the UE 105 for such directionally transmitted signals. The Gateway Mobile Location Center (GMLC) 125, Location Management Function (LMF) 120, Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) 115, SMF 117, ng-eNB (eNodeB) 114 and gNBs (gNodeBs) 110a, 110b are examples and may be replaced by or include various other location server functionality and / or base station functionality, respectively, in various embodiments.

[0041] The system 100 is capable of wireless communication in that the components of the system 100 can communicate with each other (at least sometimes using wireless connections) directly or indirectly, e.g., via the gNBs 110a, 110b, ng-eNBs 114, and / or 5GCs 140 (and / or one or more other devices, not shown, such as one or more other base transceiver stations). For indirect communication, the communication may be altered during transmission from one entity to another, e.g., to change header information of the data packets, to change format, etc. The UE 105 may include multiple UEs and may be a mobile wireless communication device, but may communicate wirelessly and via wired connections. The UE 105 may be any of a variety of devices, e.g., a smartphone, a tablet computer, a vehicle-based device, etc., although these are examples and the UE 105 is not required to be any of these configurations and other configurations of UEs may be used. Other UEs may include wearable devices (e.g., smart watches, smart jewelry, smart glasses or headsets, etc.). Still other UEs, whether currently existing or developed in the future, may be used. Additionally, other wireless devices (whether mobile or not) may be implemented within the system 100 and may communicate with each other and / or with the UE 105, the gNBs 110a, 110b, the ng-eNB 114, the 5GC 140, and / or the external client 130. For example, such other devices may include Internet of Things (IoT) devices, medical devices, home entertainment and / or automation devices, etc. The 5GC 140 may communicate with the external client 130 (e.g., a computer system) to, for example, enable the external client 130 to request and / or receive location information regarding the UE 105 (e.g., via the GMLC 125).

[0042] The UE 105 or other devices may be configured to communicate in different networks and / or for different purposes and / or using different technologies (e.g., 5G, Wi-Fi communications, multiple frequencies of Wi-Fi communications, satellite positioning, one or more types of communications (e.g., Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM), Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Long Term Evolution (LTE), V2X (vehicle-to-vehicle, e.g., V2P (vehicle-to-pedestrian), V2I (vehicle-to-infrastructure), V2V (vehicle-to-vehicle), etc.), IEEE 802.11p, etc.). The V2X communications may be cellular (Cellular V2X (C-V2X)) and / or WiFi (e.g., DSRC (dedicated short-range connection)). The system 100 supports operation over multiple carriers (waveform signals of different frequencies). A multi-carrier transmitter can transmit modulated signals on multiple carriers simultaneously. Each modulated signal can be a Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) signal, a Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) signal, an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) signal, a Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) signal, etc. Each modulated signal may be sent on a different carrier and may carry pilot signals, overhead information, data, etc. The UEs 105, 106 can communicate with each other through UE-to-UE sidelink (SL) communications by transmitting over one or more sidelink channels, such as a Physical Sidelink Synchronization Channel (PSSCH), a Physical Sidelink Broadcast Channel (PSBCH), or a Physical Sidelink Control Channel (PSCCH).

[0043] The UE 105 may include and / or be referred to as a device, a mobile device, a wireless device, a mobile terminal, a terminal, a mobile station (MS), a secure user plane location (SUPL) enabled terminal (SET), or some other name. Moreover, the UE 105 may correspond to a cell phone, a smartphone, a laptop, a tablet, a PDA, a consumer asset tracking device, a navigation device, an Internet of Things (IoT) device, an asset tracker, a health monitor, a security system, a smart city sensor, a smart meter, a wearable tracker, or some other portable or movable device. Typically, but not necessarily, the UE 105 may support wireless communications using one or more radio access technologies (RATs), such as Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM), Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Wideband CDMA (WCDMA), LTE, High Rate Packet Data (HRPD), IEEE 802.11 WiFi (also referred to as Wi-Fi), Bluetooth (BT), Global Interoperable Microwave Access (WiMAX), 5G New Radio (NR) (e.g., with NG-RAN 135 and 5GC 140), etc. The UE 105 may support wireless communications using, for example, a Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN), which may connect to other networks (e.g., the Internet) using a Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) or packet cable. Using one or more of these RATs, the UE 105 may be able to communicate with the external client 130 (e.g., via elements of the 5GC 140, not shown in FIG. 1, or possibly via the GMLC 125) and / or the external client 130 may be able to receive location information regarding the UE 105 (e.g., via the GMLC 125).

[0044] The UE 105 may comprise a single entity or may comprise multiple entities, for example in a personal area network where the user may utilize audio, video and / or data I / O (input / output) devices and / or body sensors and a separate wireline or wireless modem. An estimate of the location of the UE 105 may be referred to as a location, location estimate, location fix, fix, position, position estimate, or position fix, and provides location coordinates (e.g., latitude and longitude) for the UE 105 that may or may not include an altitude component (e.g., elevation, height or depth above ground, floor, or basement). Alternatively, the location of the UE 105 may be expressed as a civic location (e.g., as an address or designation of a point or small area somewhere in a building, such as a particular room or floor). The location of the UE 105 may be expressed as an area or volume (defined either geographically or in the shape of a city) within which the UE 105 is expected to be located with some probability or confidence level (e.g., 67%, 95%, etc.). The location of the UE 105 may be expressed as a relative location, including, for example, distance and direction from a known location. The relative location may be expressed as relative coordinates (e.g., X, Y (and Z) coordinates) defined relative to some origin in the known location, which may be defined, for example, geographically, in terms of cities, or by reference to a point, area, or volume shown, for example, on a map, floor plan, or building plan. In the description contained herein, use of the term location may include any of these variants unless otherwise indicated. When calculating the location of a UE, it is common to determine values ​​for local x, y, and possibly z coordinates and then convert the local coordinates to absolute coordinates (e.g., for latitude, longitude, and altitude above or below mean sea level) if desired.

[0045] The UE 105 may be configured to communicate with other entities using one or more of a variety of technologies. The UE 105 may be configured to indirectly connect to one or more communication networks via one or more device-to-device (D2D) peer-to-peer (P2P) links. The D2D P2P links may be supported in any suitable D2D radio access technology (RAT), such as LTE Direct (LTE-D), WiFi Direct (WiFi-D), Bluetooth, etc. One or more of a group of UEs using D2D communication may be within a geographic coverage area of ​​a transmission / reception point (TRP), such as one or more of the gNBs 110a, 110b, and / or ng-eNB 114. Other UEs in such a group may be outside such geographic coverage area or may not otherwise be able to receive transmissions from the base station. A group of UEs communicating via D2D communication may use a one-to-many (1:M) system in which each UE may transmit to other UEs in the group. A TRP may facilitate scheduling of resources for D2D communication. In other cases, D2D communication may be practiced between UEs without the involvement of a TRP. One or more of a group of UEs using D2D communication may be within a geographic coverage area of ​​a TRP. Other UEs in such a group may be outside such geographic coverage area or may not otherwise be able to receive transmissions from a base station. A group of UEs communicating via D2D communication may use a one-to-many (1:M) system in which each UE may transmit to other UEs in the group. A TRP may facilitate scheduling of resources for D2D communication. In other cases, D2D communication may be practiced between UEs without the involvement of a TRP.

[0046] The base stations (BSs) in the NG-RAN 135 shown in FIG. 1 include NR Node Bs referred to as gNBs 110a and 110b. The pair of gNBs 110a, 110b in the NG-RAN 135 may be interconnected via one or more other gNBs. Access to the 5G network is provided to the UE 105 via wireless communication between the UE 105 and one or more of the gNBs 110a, 110b, which may provide wireless communication access to the 5G C 140 on behalf of the UE 105 using 5G. In FIG. 1, the serving gNB for the UE 105 is assumed to be gNB 110a, although another gNB (e.g., gNB 110b) may act as the serving gNB if the UE 105 moves to another location and may act as a secondary gNB to provide additional throughput and bandwidth to the UE 105.

[0047] 1 may include a ng-eNB 114, also referred to as a next generation evolved node B. The ng-eNB 114 may be connected to one or more of the gNBs 110a, 110b in the NG-RAN 135, possibly via one or more other gNBs and / or one or more other ng-eNBs. The ng-eNB 114 may provide LTE wireless access and / or evolved LTE (eLTE) wireless access to the UE 105. One or more of the gNBs 110a, 110b and / or ng-eNB 114 may be configured to function as a positioning-only beacon that may transmit signals to assist in determining a location of the UE 105, but may not receive signals from the UE 105 or from other UEs.

[0048] The gNBs 110a, 110b, and / or ng-eNBs 114 may each comprise one or more TRPs. For example, each sector in a cell of a BS may comprise a TRP, but the multiple TRPs may share one or more components (e.g., share a processor but have separate antennas). The system 100 may include only a macro TRP, or the system 100 may have different types of TRPs, such as macro, pico, and / or femto TRPs. A macro TRP may cover a relatively large geographic area (e.g., a radius of several kilometers) and may allow unrestricted access by terminals subscribing to the service. A pico TRP may cover a relatively small geographic area (e.g., a pico cell) and may allow unrestricted access by terminals subscribing to the service. A femto or home TRP may cover a relatively small geographic area (e.g., a femto cell) and may allow restricted access by terminals having an association with the femto cell (e.g., a terminal for a user in a home).

[0049] As noted, while FIG. 1 illustrates nodes configured to communicate according to a 5G communication protocol, nodes configured to communicate according to other communication protocols, such as, for example, an LTE protocol or an IEEE 802.11x protocol, may be used. For example, in an evolved packet system (EPS) providing LTE wireless access to the UE 105, the RAN may include an evolved universal mobile telecommunications system (UMTS) terrestrial radio access network (E-UTRAN), which may include base stations including evolved node Bs (eNBs). A core network for the EPS may include an evolved packet core (EPC). The EPS may include the E-UTRAN plus the EPC, where in FIG. 1, the E-UTRAN corresponds to the NG-RAN 135 and the EPC corresponds to the 5GC 140.

[0050] The gNBs 110a, 110b and ng-eNB 114 may communicate with the AMF 115, which for positioning functionality communicates with the LMF 120. The AMF 115 may support mobility of the UE 105, including cell changes and handovers, and may be responsible for supporting signaling connections to the UE 105 and potentially data and voice bearers for the UE 105. The LMF 120 may communicate with the UE 105 directly, e.g., through wireless communication, or directly with the gNBs 110a, 110b, and / or ng-eNB 114. The LMF 120 may support positioning of the UE 105 when the UE 105 accesses the NG-RAN 135 and may support position procedures / methods such as Assisted GNSS (A-GNSS), Observed Time Difference of Arrival (OTDOA) (e.g., downlink (DL) OTDOA or uplink (UL) OTDOA), Round Trip Time (RTT), Multi-cell RTT, Real Time Kinematic (RTK), Precise Point Positioning (PPP), Differential GNSS (DGNSS), Extended Cell ID (E-CID), Angle of Arrival (AoA), Angle of Departure (AoD), and / or other position methods. The LMF 120 may process location service requests for the UE 105, for example, received from the AMF 115 or from the GMLC 125. The LMF 120 may be connected to the AMF 115 and / or to the GMLC 125. The LMF 120 may be referred to by other names, such as a Location Manager (LM), Location Function (LF), Commercial LMF (CLMF), or Value Added LMF (VLMF). A node / system implementing the LMF 120 may additionally or alternatively implement other types of location support modules, such as an Enhanced Serving Mobile Location Center (E-SMLC) or a Secure User Plane Location (SUPL) Location Platform (SLP).At least a portion of the positioning functionality (including derivation of the location of the UE 105) may be implemented in the UE 105 (e.g., using signal measurements taken by the UE 105 on signals transmitted by wireless nodes by the gNBs 110a, 110b and / or ng-eNB 114 and / or assistance data provided to the UE 105, for example, by the LMF 120). The AMF 115 may act as a control node that handles signaling between the UE 105 and the 5GC 140 and may provide QoS (Quality of Service) flow and session management. The AMF 115 may support mobility of the UE 105, including cell changes and handovers, and may be responsible for supporting signaling connections to the UE 105.

[0051] The GMLC 125 may support location requests for the UE 105 received from the external client 130 and may forward such location requests to the AMF 115 for forwarding by the AMF 115 to the LMF 120 or may forward the location requests directly to the LMF 120. A location response (e.g., including a location estimate for the UE 105) from the LMF 120 may be returned either directly or via the AMF 115 to the GMLC 125, which may then return a location response (e.g., including the location estimate) to the external client 130. Although the GMLC 125 is shown connected to both the AMF 115 and the LMF 120, only one of these connections may be supported by the 5GC 140 in some implementations.

[0052] As further shown in FIG. 1, the LMF 120 can communicate with the gNBs 110a, 110b and / or the ng-eNB 114 using a New Radio Position Protocol A (which may be referred to as NPPa or NRPPa), which may be defined in 3GPP® Technical Specification (TS) 38.455. NRPPa may be the same as, similar to, or an extension of the LTE Positioning Protocol A (LPPa), which may be defined in 3GPP® TS 36.455, and NRPPa messages are transferred between the gNB 110a (or gNB 110b) and the LMF 120 and / or between the ng-eNB 114 and the LMF 120 via the AMF 115. As further shown in FIG. 1, the LMF 120 and the UE 105 can communicate using the LTE Positioning Protocol (LPP), which may be defined in 3GPP® TS 36.355. The LMF 120 and the UE 105 may also or instead communicate using a New Radio Positioning Protocol (which may be referred to as NPP or NRPP), which may be the same as, similar to, or an extension of LPP. Here, LPP and / or NPP messages may be transferred between the UE 105 and the LMF 120 via the AMF 115 and the serving gNB 110a, 110b or the serving ng-eNB 114 for the UE 105. For example, LPP and / or NPP messages may be transferred between the LMF 120 and the AMF 115 using a 5G Location Services Application Protocol (LCS AP), and between the AMF 115 and the UE 105 using a 5G Non-Access Stratum (NAS) protocol. The LPP and / or NPP protocols may be used to support positioning of the UE 105 using UE-assisted and / or UE-based location methods such as A-GNSS, RTK, OTDOA, and / or E-CID.The NRPPa protocol may be used to support positioning of the UE 105 using network-based location methods such as E-CID (e.g., when used in conjunction with measurements obtained by the gNBs 110a, 110b, or ng-eNB 114) and / or may be used by the LMF 120 to obtain location related information from the gNBs 110a, 110b, and / or ng-eNB 114, such as parameters defining directional SS (synchronization signal) or PRS transmissions from the gNBs 110a, 110b, and / or ng-eNB 114. The LMF 120 may be co-located or integrated with the gNBs or TRPs, or may be located remotely from the gNBs and / or TRPs, and may be configured to communicate directly or indirectly with the gNBs and / or TRPs.

[0053] Using the UE-assisted location method, the UE 105 can obtain location measurements and send the measurements to a location server (e.g., the LMF 120) for calculation of a location estimate for the UE 105. For example, the location measurements may include one or more of a received signal strength indication (RSSI), a round trip signal propagation time (RTT), a reference signal time difference (RSTD), a reference signal received power (RSRP), and / or a reference signal received quality (RSRQ) for the gNBs 110a, 110b, the ng-eNB 114, and / or the WLAN APs. The location measurements may additionally or instead include measurements of GNSS pseudorange, code phase, and / or carrier phase for the SV190-193.

[0054] Using the UE-based location method, the UE 105 can obtain location measurements (e.g., which may be the same as or similar to the location measurements for the UE-assisted location method) and can calculate the location of the UE 105 (e.g., with the help of assistance data received from a location server such as the LMF 120 or broadcast by the gNB 110a, 110b, ng-eNB 114, or other base station or AP).

[0055] With a network-based location method, one or more base stations (e.g., gNBs 110a, 110b, and / or ng-eNB 114) or APs may obtain location measurements (e.g., RSSI, RTT, RSRP, RSRQ, or Time of Arrival (ToA) measurements for signals transmitted by the UE 105) and / or receive measurements obtained by the UE 105. The one or more base stations or APs may send the measurements to a location server (e.g., LMF 120) for calculation of a location estimate for the UE 105.

[0056] The information provided to the LMF 120 by the gNBs 110a, 110b, and / or ng-eNB 114 using the NRPPa may include timing and configuration information for directional SS or PRS transmissions, and location coordinates. The LMF 120 may provide some or all of this information to the UE 105 via the NG-RAN 135 and the 5GC 140 as assistance data in LPP and / or NPP messages.

[0057] An LPP or NPP message sent from the LMF 120 to the UE 105 can instruct the UE 105 to do any of a variety of things depending on the desired functionality. For example, the LPP or NPP message may include instructions for the UE 105 to obtain measurements for GNSS (or A-GNSS), WLAN, E-CID, and / or OTDOA (or some other location method). In the case of E-CID, the LPP or NPP message may instruct the UE 105 to obtain one or more measurements (e.g., beam ID, beam width, average angle, RSRP, RSRQ measurements) of directional signals transmitted within a particular cell supported by one or more of the gNBs 110a, 110b, and / or ng-eNB 114 (or supported by some other type of base station, such as an eNB or WiFi AP). The UE 105 may send the measurement quantities back to the LMF 120 in an LPP or NPP message (e.g., in a 5G NAS message) via the serving gNB 110a (or serving ng-eNB 114) and the AMF 115.

[0058] As mentioned, although the communication system 100 is described in the context of 5G technology, the communication system 100 may be implemented to support other communication technologies (e.g., to implement voice, data, positioning, and other functionality), such as GSM, WCDMA, LTE, etc., used to support and interact with mobile devices, such as the UE 105. In some such embodiments, the 5GC 140 may be configured to control different air interfaces. For example, the 5GC 140 may be connected to a WLAN using a non-3GPP inter-networking function (N3IWF, not shown in FIG. 1 ) in the 5GC 140. For example, the WLAN may support IEEE 802.11 WiFi access for the UE 105 and may comprise one or more WiFi APs. Here, the N3IWF may connect to the WLAN and to other elements in the 5GC 140, such as the AMF 115. In some embodiments, both the NG-RAN 135 and the 5GC 140 may be replaced with one or more other RANs and one or more other core networks. For example, in an EPS, the NG-RAN 135 may be replaced with an E-UTRAN including eNBs, and the 5GC 140 may be replaced with an EPC including a mobility management entity (MME) instead of the AMF 115, an E-SMLC instead of the LMF 120, and a GMLC that may be similar to the GMLC 125. In such an EPS, the E-SMLC may use LPPa instead of NRPPa to send and receive location information to and from the eNBs in the E-UTRAN, and may use LPP to support positioning of the UE 105. In these other embodiments, positioning of the UE 105 using a directional PRS may be supported in a manner similar to that described herein for a 5G network, with the difference being that the functions and procedures described herein for the gNBs 110a, 110b, ng-eNB 114, AMF 115, and LMF 120 may apply instead to other network elements, such as eNBs, WiFi APs, MMEs, and E-SMLCs, in some cases.

[0059] As mentioned, in some embodiments, the positioning functionality may be implemented, at least in part, using directional SS or PRS beams sent by base stations (such as gNBs 110a, 110b, and / or ng-eNB 114) that are within range of a UE (e.g., UE 105 of FIG. 1) whose position is to be determined. The UE may, in some instances, use directional SS or PRS beams from multiple base stations (such as gNBs 110a, 110b, ng-eNB 114, etc.) to calculate the UE's position.

[0060] 2, the UE 200 is an example of one of the UEs 105, 106 and comprises a computing platform including a processor 210, a memory 211 including software (SW) 212, one or more sensors 213, a transceiver interface 214 for a transceiver 215 (including a wireless transceiver 240 and / or a wired transceiver 250), a user interface 216, a satellite positioning system (SPS) receiver 217, a camera 218, and a position device (PD) 219. The processor 210, memory 211, sensors 213, transceiver interface 214, user interface 216, SPS receiver 217, camera 218, and position device 219 may be communicatively coupled to one another by a bus 220 (which may be configured for optical and / or electrical communications, for example). One or more of the illustrated devices (e.g., camera 218, position device 219, and / or one or more of sensors 213, etc.) may be omitted from UE 200. Processor 210 may include one or more intelligent hardware devices, e.g., a central processing unit (CPU), a microcontroller, an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), etc. Processor 210 may include multiple processors, including general purpose / application processor 230, digital signal processor (DSP) 231, modem processor 232, video processor 233, and / or sensor processor 234. One or more of processors 230-234 may include multiple devices (e.g., multiple processors). For example, sensor processor 234 may comprise a processor for, e.g., RF (radio frequency) sensing (where one or more (cellular) wireless signals are transmitted and reflections are used to identify, map, and / or track objects), and / or ultrasound, etc. The modem processor 232 can support dual SIM / dual connectivity (or even more SIMs).For example, a SIM (Subscriber Identity Module or Subscriber Identification Module) may be used by an original equipment manufacturer (OEM) and another SIM may be used by an end user of the UE 200 for connectivity. The memory 211 is a non-transitory storage medium that may include random access memory (RAM), flash memory, disk memory, and / or read-only memory (ROM), etc. The memory 211 may store software 212, which may be processor-readable processor-executable software code including instructions configured to cause the processor 210 to perform various functions described herein when executed. Alternatively, the software 212 may not be directly executable by the processor 210, but may be configured to cause the processor 210 to perform functions, for example, when compiled and executed. The description may refer to the processor 210 performing functions, but includes other implementations, such as the processor 210 executing software and / or firmware. The description may refer to the processor 210 performing a function as a shorthand for one or more of the processors 230-234 performing the function. The description may refer to the UE 200 performing a function as a shorthand for one or more of the suitable components of the UE 200 performing the function. The processor 210 may include memory with stored instructions in addition to and / or instead of the memory 211. The functionality of the processor 210 is discussed more fully below.

[0061] 2 is an example of the present disclosure, including the claims, and is not limiting, and other configurations may be used. For example, an exemplary configuration of a UE includes one or more of processors 230-234 of processor 210, memory 211, and wireless transceiver 240. Other exemplary configurations include one or more of processors 230-234 of processor 210, memory 211, wireless transceiver 240, one or more of sensors 213, user interface 216, SPS receiver 217, camera 218, PD 219, and / or wired transceiver 250.

[0062] The UE 200 may include a modem processor 232 that may be capable of performing baseband processing of signals received and downconverted by the transceiver 215 and / or the SPS receiver 217. The modem processor 232 can perform baseband processing of signals to be upconverted for transmission by the transceiver 215. Also or alternatively, the baseband processing may be performed by the general purpose / application processor 230 and / or the DSP 231, although other configurations may be used to perform the baseband processing.

[0063] The UE 200 may include sensors 213, which may include one or more of various types of sensors, such as, for example, one or more inertial sensors, one or more magnetometers, one or more environmental sensors, one or more optical sensors, one or more weight sensors, and / or one or more radio frequency (RF) sensors. An inertial measurement unit (IMU) may include, for example, one or more accelerometers (e.g., collectively responsive to acceleration of the UE 200 in three dimensions) and / or one or more gyroscopes (e.g., three-dimensional gyroscopes). The sensors 213 may include one or more magnetometers (e.g., three-dimensional magnetometers) for determining an orientation (e.g., relative to magnetic north and / or true north), which may be used for any of a variety of purposes, such as, for example, to support one or more compass applications. The environmental sensors may include, for example, one or more temperature sensors, one or more barometric pressure sensors, one or more ambient light sensors, one or more camera imagers, and / or one or more microphones, etc. The sensors 213 may generate analog and / or digital signal indications in support of one or more applications, such as, for example, applications directed to positioning and / or navigation operations, that may be stored in memory 211 and processed by the DSP 231 and / or general purpose / applications processor 230.

[0064] The sensors 213 can be used in relative location measurement, relative location determination, motion determination, etc. Information detected by the sensors 213 can be used for motion detection, relative movement, dead reckoning, sensor-based location determination, and / or sensor-assisted location determination. The sensors 213 can be useful in determining whether the UE 200 is fixed (stationary) or mobile and / or whether certain useful information regarding the mobility of the UE 200 should be reported to the LMF 120. For example, based on information acquired / measured by the sensors 213, the UE 200 may notify / report to the LMF 120 that the UE 200 has detected movement or that the UE 200 has moved, and report the relative movement / distance (e.g., via dead reckoning, or sensor-based location determination, or sensor-assisted location determination enabled by the sensors 213). In another example, for relative positioning information, the sensors / IMUs can be used to determine the angle and / or orientation of other devices relative to the UE 200, etc.

[0065] The IMU may be configured to provide measurements on the direction of motion and / or speed of motion of the UE 200, which may be used in the relative location determination. For example, one or more accelerometers and / or one or more gyroscopes of the IMU may detect the linear acceleration and speed of rotation of the UE 200, respectively. The linear acceleration and rotational speed measurements of the UE 200 may be integrated over time to determine the instantaneous direction of motion and movement of the UE 200. The instantaneous direction of motion and movement may be integrated to track the location of the UE 200. For example, a reference location of the UE 200 may be determined for a moment in time, e.g., using the SPS receiver 217 (and / or by some other means), and measurements from the accelerometers and gyroscopes taken after this moment in time may be used in dead reckoning to determine the current location of the UE 200 based on the motion (direction and distance) of the UE 200 relative to the reference location.

[0066] The magnetometer can determine magnetic field strength in different directions, which can be used to determine the orientation of the UE 200. For example, the orientation can be used to provide a digital compass for the UE 200. The magnetometer can include a two-dimensional magnetometer configured to detect and provide an indication of magnetic field strength in two orthogonal dimensions. Alternatively, the magnetometer can include a three-dimensional magnetometer configured to detect and provide an indication of magnetic field strength in three orthogonal dimensions. The magnetometer can provide a means for sensing the magnetic field and providing an indication of the magnetic field, for example, to the processor 210.

[0067] The transceiver 215 may include a wireless transceiver 240 and a wired transceiver 250 configured to communicate with other devices through wireless and wired connections, respectively. For example, the wireless transceiver 240 may include a wireless transmitter 242 and a wireless receiver 244 coupled to an antenna 246 to transmit (e.g., on one or more uplink channels and / or one or more sidelink channels) and / or receive (e.g., on one or more downlink channels and / or one or more sidelink channels) wireless signals 248 and convert signals from the wireless signals 248 to wired (e.g., electrical and / or optical) signals and from the wired (e.g., electrical and / or optical) signals to the wireless signals 248. The wireless transmitter 242 includes appropriate components (e.g., a power amplifier and a digital-to-analog converter). The wireless receiver 244 includes appropriate components (e.g., one or more amplifiers, one or more frequency filters, and an analog-to-digital converter). The wireless transmitter 242 may include multiple transmitters, which may be separate components or combined / integrated components, and / or the wireless receiver 244 may include multiple receivers, which may be separate components or combined / integrated components. The wireless transceiver 240 may be configured to communicate signals (e.g., with the TRP and / or one or more other devices) according to various radio access technologies (RATs), such as 5G New Radio (NR), GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications), UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunications System), AMPS (Advanced Mobile Phone System), CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access), WCDMA (Wideband CDMA), LTE (Long Term Evolution), LTE Direct (LTE-D), 3GPP LTE-V2X (PC5), IEEE 802.11 (including IEEE 802.11p), WiFi, WiFi Direct (WiFi-D), Bluetooth, Zigbee, etc. The new radio may use mm-wave and / or sub-6 GHz frequencies.The wired transceiver 250 may include a wired transmitter 252 and a wired receiver 254 configured for wired communication, e.g., a network interface that can be used to communicate with the NG-RAN 135 to send and receive communications to and from the NG-RAN 135. The wired transmitter 252 may include multiple transmitters, which may be separate components or combined / integrated components, and / or the wired receiver 254 may include multiple receivers, which may be separate components or combined / integrated components. The wired transceiver 250 may be configured for optical and / or electrical communication, for example. The transceiver 215 may be communicatively coupled to the transceiver interface 214, e.g., by optical and / or electrical connections. The transceiver interface 214 may be integrated, at least in part, with the transceiver 215. The wireless transmitter 242, the wireless receiver 244, and / or the antenna 246 may include multiple transmitters, multiple receivers, and / or multiple antennas, respectively, for sending and / or receiving appropriate signals, respectively.

[0068] The user interface 216 may include one or more of several devices, such as, for example, a speaker, a microphone, a display device, a vibrating device, a keyboard, a touch screen, and the like. The user interface 216 may include a plurality of any of these devices. The user interface 216 may be configured to allow a user to interact with one or more applications housed by the UE 200. For example, the user interface 216 may store indications of analog and / or digital signals in the memory 211 for processing by the DSP 231 and / or the general purpose / application processor 230 in response to an action from the user. Similarly, an application housed on the UE 200 may store indications of analog and / or digital signals in the memory 211 for presenting output signals to the user. The user interface 216 may include audio input / output (I / O) devices, including, for example, a speaker, a microphone, digital-to-analog circuitry, analog-to-digital circuitry, amplifiers and / or gain control circuitry (including a plurality of any of these devices). Other configurations of audio I / O devices may be used. Also or alternatively, the user interface 216 may include one or more touch sensors that respond to contact and / or pressure, for example, on a keyboard and / or a touch screen of the user interface 216 .

[0069] The SPS receiver 217 (e.g., a Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver) may be capable of receiving and acquiring the SPS signals 260 via the SPS antenna 262. The SPS antenna 262 is configured to convert the SPS signals 260 from wireless signals to wired signals, e.g., electrical or optical signals, and may be integrated with the antenna 246. The SPS receiver 217 may be configured to process the acquired SPS signals 260, in whole or in part, to estimate the location of the UE 200. For example, the SPS receiver 217 may be configured to use the SPS signals 260 to determine the location of the UE 200 by trilateration. The general purpose / application processor 230, the memory 211, the DSP 231, and / or one or more specialized processors (not shown), together with the SPS receiver 217, may be used to process the acquired SPS signals, in whole or in part, and / or to calculate the estimated location of the UE 200. The memory 211 may store indications (e.g., measurements) of the SPS signals 260 and / or other signals (e.g., signals acquired from the wireless transceiver 240) for use in performing positioning operations. The general purpose / application processor 230, the DSP 231, and / or one or more specialized processors, and / or the memory 211 may provide or support a location engine for use in processing the measurements to estimate the location of the UE 200.

[0070] The UE 200 may include a camera 218 for capturing still or video images. The camera 218 may comprise, for example, an imaging sensor (e.g., a charge-coupled device or a CMOS (complementary metal-oxide semiconductor) imager), a lens, analog-to-digital circuitry, a frame buffer, etc. Additional processing, conditioning, encoding, and / or compression of signals representing the captured images may be performed by the general-purpose / application processor 230 and / or the DSP 231. Also or alternatively, a video processor 233 may perform conditioning, encoding, compression, and / or manipulation of signals representing the captured images. The video processor 233 may decode / decompress stored image data, for example, for display on a display device (not shown) of the user interface 216.

[0071] The position device (PD) 219 may be configured to determine the location of the UE 200, the movement of the UE 200, and / or the relative location of the UE 200, and / or time. For example, the PD 219 may be in communication with and / or include a portion or all of the SPS receiver 217. The PD 219 may interface with the processor 210 and memory 211 as necessary to perform at least a portion of one or more positioning methods, but the description herein may refer to the PD 219 being configured to perform or performing according to a positioning method. The PD 219 may also or alternatively be configured to determine the location of the UE 200 using terrestrial-based signals (e.g., at least some of the wireless signals 248) for trilateration, to assist in acquiring and using the SPS signals 260, or both. The PD 219 may be configured to determine the location of the UE 200 based on another technique, such as a serving base station cell (e.g., cell center) and / or E-CID. The PD 219 may be configured to determine the location of the UE 200 using one or more images from the camera 218 and image recognition combined with known locations of landmarks (e.g., natural landmarks such as mountains and / or man-made landmarks such as buildings, bridges, roads, etc.). The PD 219 may be configured to use one or more other techniques to determine the location of the UE 200 (e.g., relying on the UE's self-reported location (e.g., as part of the UE's location beacon)) and may use a combination of techniques (e.g., SPS and terrestrial positioning signals) to determine the location of the UE 200. The PD 219 may include one or more of the sensors 213 (e.g., gyroscopes, accelerometers, magnetometers, etc.) that may sense the orientation and / or movement of the UE 200 and provide an indication thereof that the processor 210 (e.g., general purpose / application processor 230 and / or DSP 231) may be configured to use to determine the movement (e.g., velocity vector and / or acceleration vector) of the UE 200.The PD 219 may be configured to provide an indication of uncertainty and / or error in a determined position and / or movement. The functionality of the PD 219 may be provided in various manners and / or configurations, for example, by the general purpose / application processor 230, the transceiver 215, the SPS receiver 217, and / or another component of the UE 200, and may be provided by hardware, software, firmware, or various combinations thereof.

[0072] 3, an example of a TRP 300 of the gNB 110a, 110b and / or ng-eNB 114 comprises a computing platform including a processor 310, a memory 311 including software (SW) 312, and a transceiver 315. The processor 310, the memory 311, and the transceiver 315 may be communicatively coupled to each other by a bus 320 (e.g., may be configured for optical and / or electrical communication). One or more of the illustrated devices (e.g., a wireless transceiver) may be omitted from the TRP 300. The processor 310 may include one or more intelligent hardware devices, e.g., a central processing unit (CPU), a microcontroller, an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), etc. The processor 310 may include multiple processors (e.g., including a general purpose / application processor, a DSP, a modem processor, a video processor, and / or a sensor processor, as shown in FIG. 2). The memory 311 is a non-transitory storage medium that may include random access memory (RAM), flash memory, disk memory, and / or read-only memory (ROM), etc. The memory 311 may store software 312, which may be processor-readable processor-executable software code that includes instructions configured to cause the processor 310 to perform various functions described herein when executed. Alternatively, the software 312 may not be directly executable by the processor 310, but may be configured to cause the processor 310 to perform functions when compiled and executed, for example. The description may refer to the processor 310 performing functions, but includes other implementations, such as when the processor 310 executes software and / or firmware. The description may refer to the processor 310 performing functions as a shorthand for one or more of the processors included in the processor 310 performing functions.The description may refer to the TRP 300 performing a function as shorthand for one or more suitable components (e.g., the processor 310 and the memory 311) of the TRP 300 (and thus of one of the gNBs 110a, 110b, and / or ng-eNB 114) performing the function. The processor 310 may include memory with stored instructions in addition to and / or in place of the memory 311. The functionality of the processor 310 is discussed more fully below.

[0073] The transceiver 315 may include a wireless transceiver 340 and / or a wired transceiver 350 configured to communicate with other devices over wireless and wired connections, respectively. For example, the wireless transceiver 340 may include a wireless transmitter 342 and a wireless receiver 344 coupled to one or more antennas 346 to transmit (e.g., on one or more uplink channels and / or one or more downlink channels) and / or receive (e.g., on one or more downlink channels and / or one or more uplink channels) wireless signals 348 and convert signals from the wireless signals 348 to wired (e.g., electrical and / or optical) signals and from the wired (e.g., electrical and / or optical) signals to the wireless signals 348. Thus, the wireless transmitter 342 may include multiple transmitters, which may be separate or combined / integrated components, and / or the wireless receiver 344 may include multiple receivers, which may be separate or combined / integrated components. The wireless transceiver 340 may be configured to communicate signals (e.g., with the UE 200, one or more other UEs, and / or one or more other devices) in accordance with various radio access technologies (RATs), such as 5G New Radio (NR), GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications), UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunications System), AMPS (Advanced Mobile Phone System), CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access), WCDMA (Wideband CDMA), LTE (Long Term Evolution), LTE Direct (LTE-D), 3GPP LTE-V2X (PC5), IEEE 802.11 (including IEEE 802.11p), WiFi, WiFi Direct (WiFi-D), Bluetooth, Zigbee, and so on.The wired transceiver 350 may include a wired transmitter 352 and a wired receiver 354 configured for wired communications, e.g., a network interface, and / or one or more other network entities that may be used to communicate with the NG-RAN 135 to send communications to and receive communications from the LMF 120. The wired transmitter 352 may include multiple transmitters, which may be separate components or combined / integrated components, and / or the wired receiver 354 may include multiple receivers, which may be separate components or combined / integrated components. The wired transceiver 350 may be configured for optical and / or electrical communications, for example.

[0074] 3 is an example of the present disclosure, including the claims, and is not limiting, and other configurations may be used. For example, the description herein discusses that the TRP 300 is configured to or performs certain functions, but one or more of these functions may be performed by the LMF 120 and / or the UE 200 (i.e., the LMF 120 and / or the UE 200 may be configured to perform one or more of these functions).

[0075] 4, a server 400, of which the LMF 120 is an example, comprises a computing platform including a processor 410, a memory 411 including software (SW) 412, and a transceiver 415. The processor 410, the memory 411, and the transceiver 415 may be communicatively coupled to each other by a bus 420 (which may be configured for optical and / or electrical communication, for example). One or more of the illustrated devices (e.g., a wireless transceiver) may be omitted from the server 400. The processor 410 may include one or more intelligent hardware devices, such as a central processing unit (CPU), a microcontroller, an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), etc. The processor 410 may include multiple processors (e.g., including a general purpose / application processor, a DSP, a modem processor, a video processor, and / or a sensor processor, as shown in FIG. 2). The memory 411 is a non-transitory storage medium that may include a random access memory (RAM), a flash memory, a disk memory, and / or a read-only memory (ROM), etc. The memory 411 can store software 412, which may be processor-readable processor-executable software code that includes instructions that, when executed, are configured to cause the processor 410 to perform various functions described herein. Alternatively, the software 412 may not be directly executable by the processor 410, but may be configured, for example, when compiled and executed, to cause the processor 410 to perform a function. The description may refer to the processor 410 performing a function, but includes other implementations, such as the processor 410 executing software and / or firmware. The description may refer to the processor 410 performing a function as a shorthand for one or more of the processors included in the processor 410 performing the function. The description may refer to the server 400 performing a function as a shorthand for one or more of the appropriate components of the server 400 performing the function.The processor 410 may include memory with stored instructions in addition to and / or in place of the memory 411. The functionality of the processor 410 is discussed more fully below.

[0076] The transceiver 415 may include a wireless transceiver 440 and / or a wired transceiver 450 configured to communicate with other devices over wireless and wired connections, respectively. For example, the wireless transceiver 440 may include a wireless transmitter 442 and a wireless receiver 444 coupled to one or more antennas 446 to transmit (e.g., on one or more downlink channels) and / or receive (e.g., on one or more uplink channels) wireless signals 448 and convert signals from the wireless signals 448 to wired (e.g., electrical and / or optical) signals and from the wired (e.g., electrical and / or optical) signals to the wireless signals 448. Thus, the wireless transmitter 442 may include multiple transmitters, which may be separate or combined / integrated components, and / or the wireless receiver 444 may include multiple receivers, which may be separate or combined / integrated components. The wireless transceiver 440 may be configured to communicate signals (e.g., with the UE 200, one or more other UEs, and / or one or more other devices) in accordance with various radio access technologies (RATs), such as 5G New Radio (NR), GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications), UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunications System), AMPS (Advanced Mobile Phone System), CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access), WCDMA (Wideband CDMA), LTE (Long Term Evolution), LTE Direct (LTE-D), 3GPP LTE-V2X (PC5), IEEE 802.11 (including IEEE 802.11p), WiFi, WiFi Direct (WiFi-D), Bluetooth, Zigbee, and so on. The wired transceiver 450 may include a wired transmitter 452 and a wired receiver 454 configured for wired communications, e.g., a network interface, and / or one or more other entities that may be used to communicate with the NG-RAN 135 to send communications to and receive communications from the TRP 300.The wired transmitter 452 may include multiple transmitters, which may be separate components or combined / integrated components, and / or the wired receiver 454 may include multiple receivers, which may be separate components or combined / integrated components. The wired transceiver 450 may be configured for optical and / or electrical communications, for example.

[0077] The description herein may refer to the processor 410 performing a function, but includes other implementations, such as the processor 410 executing software (stored in memory 411) and / or firmware. The description herein may refer to the server 400 performing a function as shorthand for one or more of the suitable components of the server 400 (e.g., the processor 410 and the memory 411) performing the function.

[0078] The configuration of the server 400 shown in FIG. 4 is an example and not a limitation of the present disclosure including the claims, and other configurations may be used. For example, the wireless transceiver 440 may be omitted. Also or alternatively, the description herein discusses the server 400 being configured to or performing certain functions, but one or more of these functions may be performed by the TRP 300 and / or the UE 200 (i.e., the TRP 300 and / or the UE 200 may be configured to perform one or more of these functions).

[0079] Positioning Technique For terrestrial positioning of UEs in cellular networks, techniques such as Advanced Forward Link Trilateration (AFLT) and Observed Time Difference of Arrival (OTDOA) often operate in a "UE-assisted" mode, in which measurements of reference signals (e.g., PRS, CRS, etc.) transmitted by base stations are taken by the UE and then provided to a location server. The location server then calculates the UE's position based on the measurements and the known locations of the base stations. Because these techniques use a location server, rather than the UE itself, to calculate the UE's position, these positioning techniques are not frequently used in applications such as car or cell phone navigation, which instead typically rely on satellite-based positioning.

[0080] UEs can use Satellite Positioning Systems (SPS) (Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS)) for high-precision positioning using Precise Point Positioning (PPP) or Real Time Kinematic (RTK) techniques. These techniques use assistance data, such as measurements from ground stations. With LTE Release 15, the data is encrypted so that only UEs that have subscribed to the service can read the information. Such assistance data changes over time. Thus, UEs that have subscribed to the service cannot easily "break the encryption" for other UEs by passing the data to other UEs that have not paid for the subscription. This passing must be repeated every time the assistance data changes.

[0081] In UE-assisted positioning, the UE sends measurements (e.g., TDOA, Angle of Arrival (AoA), etc.) to a positioning server (e.g., LMF / eSMLC). The positioning server has a Base Station Almanac (BSA) that contains multiple "entries" or "records", one record for each cell, each record including the geographic cell location but may also include other data. An identifier for a "record" among the multiple "records" in the BSA may be referenced. The measurements from the BSA and the UE may be used to calculate the position of the UE.

[0082] In traditional UE-based positioning, the UE calculates its own position and thus avoids sending measurements to the network (e.g., a location server), which improves latency and scalability. The UE uses relevant BSA record information from the network (e.g., the location of the gNB (or more broadly, base station)). The BSA information may be encrypted. However, since the BSA information changes much less frequently than, for example, the previously described PPP or RTK assistance data, it may be easier to make the BSA information available (compared to PPP or RTK information) to UEs that have not subscribed and paid for a decryption key. The transmission of reference signals by the gNBs makes the BSA information potentially accessible for crowdsourcing or wardriving, essentially allowing the BSA information to be generated based on local and / or over-the-top observations.

[0083] Positioning techniques may be characterized and / or evaluated based on one or more criteria, such as position determination accuracy and / or latency. Latency is the time elapsed between an event that triggers the determination of location-related data and the data being available at a positioning system interface, e.g., the interface of the LMF 120. At the initialization of the positioning system, the latency for location-related data to become available is called the time-to-first-fix (TTFF) and is greater than the latency after the TTFF. The inverse of the time elapsed between two successive location-related data availability states is called the update rate, i.e., the rate at which location-related data is generated after the first fix. Latency may depend, for example, on the processing capabilities of the UE. For example, the UE may report its processing capabilities as the duration of DL PRS symbols in time (e.g., milliseconds) that the UE can process per amount of time T (e.g., T ms) assuming a 272 PRB (Physical Resource Block) allocation. Other examples of capabilities that may affect latency are the number of TRPs from which the UE can process PRSs, the number of PRSs the UE can process, and the bandwidth of the UE.

[0084] One or more of many different positioning techniques (also referred to as positioning methods) may be used to determine the location of an entity, such as one of the UEs 105, 106. For example, known position determination techniques include RTT, multi-RTT, OTDOA (also referred to as TDOA, including UL-TDOA and DL-TDOA), Extended Cell Identification (E-CID), DL-AoD, UL-AoA, etc. RTT uses the time for a signal to travel from one entity to another and vice versa to determine the range between the two entities. The range, as well as the known location of a first one of the entities and the angle (e.g., azimuth) between the two entities may be used to determine the location of a second one of the entities. In multi-RTT (also referred to as multi-cell RTT), multiple ranges from one entity (e.g., UE) to another entity (e.g., TRP) and the known location of the other entity may be used to determine the location of an entity. In TDOA techniques, the difference in travel time between one entity and another may be used to determine the relative range from the other entity, and combined with the known location of the other entity may be used to determine the location of the one entity. The angles of arrival and / or departure may be used to help determine the location of the entities. For example, the angle of arrival or departure of a signal (determined using the signal, e.g., the travel time of the signal, the received power of the signal, etc.) combined with the range between the devices and the known location of one of the devices may be used to determine the location of the other device. The angle of arrival or departure may be an azimuth angle relative to a reference direction such as due north. The angle of arrival or departure may be a zenith angle directly upward from the entity (i.e., radiating outward from the center of the Earth).E-CID uses the identity of the serving cell, the timing advance (i.e., the difference between the receive time and transmit time at the UE), the estimated timing and power of detected neighbor cell signals, and possibly the angle of arrival (e.g., of the signal at the UE from the base station, or vice versa) to determine the location of the UE. In TDOA, the difference in the arrival times at a receiving device of signals from different sources, along with the known locations of the sources and known offsets in the transmit times from the sources, are used to determine the location of the receiving device.

[0085] In network-centric RTT estimation, the serving base station instructs the UE to scan / receive RTT measurement signals (e.g., PRS) on serving cells of two or more neighboring base stations (and typically the serving base station, since at least three base stations are required). One or more base stations transmit the RTT measurement signals on low reuse resources (e.g., resources used by the base station to transmit system information) allocated by the network (e.g., a location server such as the LMF 120). The UE records the arrival time (also called receive time, reception time, time of reception, or ToA) of each RTT measurement signal relative to the UE's current downlink timing (e.g., derived by the UE from the DL signal received from its serving base station), transmits a common or individual RTT response message (e.g., SRS (Sounding Reference Signal) for positioning, i.e., UL-PRS) to one or more base stations (e.g., when commanded by its serving base station), and records the time difference T between the ToA of the RTT measurement signal and the transmission time of the RTT response message. Rx→Tx (i.e., UE T Rx-Tx or UE Rx-Tx ) in the payload of each RTT response message. The RTT response message will contain a reference signal from which the base station can infer the ToA of the RTT response. The difference T between the transmission time of the RTT measurement signal from the base station and the ToA of the RTT response at the base stationTx→Rx The time difference T Rx→Tx By comparing it with , the base station can infer the propagation time between the base station and the UE, from which the base station can determine the distance between the UE and the base station by assuming the speed of light during this propagation time.

[0086] The UE-centric RTT estimation is similar to the network-based method, except that the UE transmits an uplink RTT measurement signal (e.g., when instructed by the serving base station), which is received by multiple base stations in the vicinity of the UE. Each participating base station responds with a downlink RTT response message, which may include in the RTT response message payload the time difference between the ToA of the RTT measurement signal at the base station and the transmission time of the RTT response message from the base station.

[0087] For both network-centric and UE-centric procedures, the party performing the RTT calculation (network or UE) typically (but not always) sends a first message or signal (e.g., an RTT measurement signal) and the other side responds with one or more RTT response messages or signals that may include the difference between the ToA of the first message or signal and the transmission time of the RTT response message or signal.

[0088] Multi-RTT techniques may be used to determine location. For example, a first entity (e.g., a UE) may send out one or more signals (e.g., unicast, multicast, or broadcast from a base station), and multiple second entities (e.g., other TSPs, such as base stations and / or UEs) may receive signals from the first entity and respond to the received signals. The first entity receives responses from the multiple second entities. The first entity (or another entity, such as an LMF) may use the responses from the second entities to determine a range to the second entity, and may use the multiple ranges and the known location of the second entities to determine the location of the first entity by trilateration.

[0089] In some examples, additional information may be obtained in the form of a linear direction (e.g., which may be in the horizontal plane or in three dimensions), or possibly an angle of arrival (AoA) or angle of departure (AoD), which defines a range of directions (e.g., from the base station's position to the UE). The intersection of the two directions may provide another estimate of the location for the UE.

[0090] For positioning techniques using PRS (positioning reference signal) signals (e.g., TDOA and RTT), PRS signals sent by multiple TRPs are measured, and the arrival time of the signal, the known time of transmission, and the known location of the TRPs are used to determine the range from the UE to the TRP. For example, a reference signal time difference (RSTD) may be determined for PRS signals received from multiple TRPs and used in TDOA techniques to determine the location of the UE. This positioning reference signal may be referred to as a PRS or a PRS signal. PRS signals are typically sent using the same power, and PRS signals with the same signal characteristics (e.g., the same frequency shift) may interfere with each other, such that a PRS signal from a more distant TRP may be overwhelmed by a PRS signal from a closer TRP, such that the signal from the more distant TRP cannot be detected. PRS muting may be used to help reduce interference by muting some PRS signals (reducing the power of the PRS signal, e.g., to zero, and thus not transmitting the PRS signal). In this way, weaker PRS signals (at the UE) may be more easily detected by the UE without stronger PRS signals interfering with the weaker PRS signals. The term RS, and its variants (e.g., PRS, SRS, CSI-RS (Channel State Information-Reference Signal)), may refer to one reference signal or multiple reference signals.

[0091] Positioning reference signals (PRS) include downlink PRS (DL PRS, often simply referred to as PRS) and uplink PRS (UL PRS), which may be referred to as SRS (Sounding Reference Signal) for positioning. The PRS may include a PN code (pseudorandom code) or may be generated using a PN code (e.g., by modulating a carrier signal with the PN code) so that the source of the PRS may act as a pseudolite. The PN code may be unique for the PRS source (at least within a designated area so that identical PRS from different PRS sources do not overlap). The PRS may include PRS resources and / or PRS resource sets of a frequency layer. A DL PRS positioning frequency layer (or simply frequency layer) is a collection of DL PRS resource sets from one or more TRPs with PRS resources having common parameters configured by higher layer parameters DL-PRS-PositioningFrequencyLayer, DL-PRS-ResourceSet, and DL-PRS-Resource. Each frequency layer has a DL PRS resource set in the frequency layer and a DL PRS subcarrier spacing (SCS) for the DL PRS resources. Each frequency layer has a DL PRS resource set in the frequency layer and a DL PRS cyclic prefix (CP) for the DL PRS resources. In 5G, a resource block occupies 12 consecutive subcarriers and a specified number of symbols. A common resource block is a set of resource blocks that occupy a channel bandwidth. A bandwidth part (BWP) is a set of consecutive common resource blocks, which may include all common resource blocks in the channel bandwidth or a subset of common resource blocks. Also, a DL PRS point A parameter defines the frequency of the reference resource block (and the lowest subcarrier of the resource block), and the DL PRS resources belong to the same DL PRS resource set with the same point A, and all DL PRS resource sets belong to the same frequency layer with the same point A.The frequency layers also have the same DL PRS bandwidth, the same starting PRB (and center frequency), and the same value of comb size (i.e., the frequency of PRS resource elements per symbol, such that for comb N, every Nth resource element is a PRS resource element). A PRS resource set is identified by a PRS resource set ID and may be associated with a particular TRP (identified by a cell ID) transmitted by an antenna panel of a base station. A PRS resource ID in a PRS resource set may be associated with an omnidirectional signal and / or a single beam (and / or beam ID) transmitted from a single base station (a base station may transmit one or multiple beams). Each PRS resource in a PRS resource set may be transmitted on a different beam, and thus a "PRS resource", or simply a "resource", may also be referred to as a "beam". This does not have any implication on whether the base station and the beam on which the PRS is transmitted are known to the UE.

[0092] The TRP may be configured to send the DL PRS per schedule, for example, by instructions received from a server and / or by software in the TRP. According to the schedule, the TRP may send the DL PRS intermittently, for example, periodically at regular intervals from the initial transmission. The TRP may be configured to send one or more PRS resource sets. A resource set is a collection of PRS resources across one TRP, where the resources have the same periodicity, common muting pattern configuration (if any), and the same repetition factor across a slot. Each of the PRS resource sets includes multiple PRS resources, and each PRS resource includes multiple OFDM (orthogonal frequency division multiplexing) resource elements (REs) that may be within multiple resource blocks (RBs) within N (one or more) consecutive symbols in a slot. PRS resources (or reference signal (RS) resources in general) may be referred to as OFDM PRS resources (or OFDM RS resources). An RB is a collection of REs over an amount of one or more consecutive symbols in the time domain and an amount of consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain (12 for 5G RBs). Each PRS resource is configured with an RE offset, a slot offset, a symbol offset within the slot, and a number of consecutive symbols that the PRS resource may occupy within the slot. The RE offset defines the starting RE offset of the first symbol in the DL PRS resource in frequency. The relative RE offsets of the remaining symbols in the DL PRS resource are defined based on the initial offset. The slot offset is the starting slot of the DL PRS resource relative to the corresponding resource set slot offset. The symbol offset determines the starting symbol of the DL PRS resource within the starting slot. The transmitted RE may be repeated across the slot, and each transmission is called a repetition, such that there may be multiple repetitions in the PRS resource. The DL PRS resources in a DL PRS resource set are associated with the same TRP, and each DL PRS resource has a DL PRS resource ID.A DL PRS resource ID in a DL PRS resource set is associated with a single beam transmitted from a single TRP (although a TRP may transmit one or multiple beams).

[0093] The PRS resources may also be defined by quasi-co-location and start PRB parameters. The quasi-co-location (QCL) parameter may define any quasi-co-location information of DL PRS resources with other reference signals. The DL PRS may be configured to be QCL type D with DL PRS or SS / PBCH (synchronization signal / physical broadcast channel) blocks from a serving or non-serving cell. The DL PRS may be configured to be QCL type C with SS / PBCH blocks from a serving or non-serving cell. The start PRB parameter defines the start PRB index of the DL PRS resources relative to reference point A. The start PRB index has a granularity of one PRB and may have a minimum value of 0 and a maximum value of 2176 PRBs.

[0094] A PRS resource set is a collection of PRS resources with the same periodicity, the same muting pattern configuration (if any), and the same repetition factor across slots. Any time when all repetitions of all PRS resources of a PRS resource set are configured to be transmitted is called an "instance." Thus, an "instance" of a PRS resource set is a specified number of repetitions for each PRS resource, and a specified number of PRS resources in a PRS resource set, such that an instance is complete when a specified number of repetitions for each of the specified number of PRS resources have been transmitted. An instance may also be referred to as an "opportunity." A DL PRS configuration, including a DL PRS transmission schedule, may be provided to the UE to facilitate (or even enable) the UE to measure the DL PRS.

[0095] Multiple frequency layers of a PRS may be aggregated to provide an effective bandwidth larger than any of the layer bandwidths individually. Multiple frequency layers that meet criteria such as component carriers (which may be contiguous and / or distinct) and quasi-colocated (QCL) and have the same antenna ports may be stitched to provide a larger effective PRS bandwidth (for DL ​​and UL PRS), increasing time-of-arrival measurement accuracy. Stitching involves combining PRS measurements across individual bandwidth fragments such that the stitched PRS can be treated as if taken from a single measurement. When QCL'd, the different frequency layers behave similarly, allowing stitching of PRSs to provide a larger effective bandwidth. The larger effective bandwidth may be referred to as the aggregate PRS bandwidth or the aggregate PRS frequency bandwidth, and provides better time-domain resolution (e.g., of TDOA). An aggregated PRS includes a collection of PRS resources, where each PRS resource of the aggregated PRS may be referred to as a PRS component, and each PRS component may be transmitted on a different component carrier, band, or frequency layer, or on a different portion of the same band.

[0096] RTT positioning is an active positioning technique in that the RTT uses positioning signals sent by the TRP to the UE and by the UE (involved in RTT positioning) to the TRP. The TRP can send DL-PRS signals that are received by the UE, and the UE can send SRS (sounding reference signal) signals that are received by multiple TRPs. The sounding reference signal may be called SRS or SRS signal. In 5G multi-RTT, cooperative positioning may be used with the UE sending a single UL-SRS for positioning that is received by multiple TRPs, rather than sending a separate UL-SRS for positioning for each TRP. A TRP involved in multi-RTT typically searches for UEs currently camped on that TRP (served UEs, where the TRP is the serving TRP) and UEs camped on nearby TRPs (neighbor UEs). The neighbor TRPs may be TRPs of a single BTS (base transceiver station) (e.g., gNB), or a TRP of one BTS and a TRP of a separate BTS. For RTT positioning, including multi-RTT positioning, the DL-PRS signal and the UL-SRS signal in the positioning PRS / SRS signal pair used to determine the RTT (and thus the range between the UE and the TRP) may occur close in time to each other such that errors due to UE movement and / or UE clock drift and / or TRP clock drift are within acceptable limits. For example, the signals in the positioning PRS / SRS signal pair may be transmitted within about 10 ms of each other from the TRP and the UE, respectively. Because the positioning SRS is sent by the UE, and because the positioning PRS and SRS are conveyed close in time to each other, it has been found that radio frequency (RF) signal congestion (which may cause excessive noise, etc.) may occur, especially if many UEs are attempting positioning simultaneously, and / or computational congestion may occur at the TRP attempting to measure many UEs simultaneously.

[0097] RTT positioning may be UE-based or UE-assisted. In UE-based RTT, the UE 200 determines the RTT and corresponding range to each of the TRPs 300 and the location of the UE 200 based on the range to the TRPs 300 and the known location of the TRPs 300. In UE-assisted RTT, the UE 200 measures positioning signals and provides the measurement information to the TRPs 300, which determines the RTT and range. The TRPs 300 provide ranges to a location server, e.g., server 400, which determines the location of the UE 200, e.g., based on the range to the different TRPs 300. The RTT and / or range may be determined by the TRP 300 receiving the signal from the UE 200, by a combination of the TRP 300 and one or more other devices, e.g., one or more other TRPs 300 and / or server 400, or by one or more devices other than the TRP 300 receiving the signal from the UE 200.

[0098] Various positioning techniques are supported in 5G NR. NR-specific positioning methods supported in 5G NR include DL-only, UL-only, and DL+UL positioning methods. Downlink-based positioning methods include DL-TDOA and DL-AoD. Uplink-based positioning methods include UL-TDOA and UL-AoA. Combined DL+UL-based positioning methods include RTT with one base station and RTT with multiple base stations (multi-RTT).

[0099] A position estimate (e.g., for a UE) may be called by other names such as a location estimate, location, position, position fix, fix, etc. A position estimate may be geodetic and include coordinates (latitude, longitude, and possibly altitude) or may be city-related and include a street address, postal address, or some other verbal description of the location. A position estimate may further be defined relative to some other known location or in absolute terms (e.g., using latitude, longitude, and possibly altitude). A position estimate may include an expected error or uncertainty (e.g., by including an area or volume that is expected to include the location with some specified or default confidence).

[0100] WiFi and Communication Device RF Detection WiFi signaling can be used for channel capture-based RF sensing. For example, referring to FIG. 5, in a monostatic WiFi RF sensing system 500, a WiFi device 510 transmits a transmit WiFi RF signal 520 from a transmit antenna 512. The transmit signal 520 is incident on a target device 530 and reflects as a reflected signal 540 that is received by a receive antenna 514 of the WiFi device 510. In addition to the reflected signal 540 received by the receive antenna 514 of the WiFi device, a leakage signal 550 travels directly from the transmit antenna 512 to the receive antenna 514. Although the leakage signal 550 typically travels a lesser distance than the transmit signal 520 and the reflected signal 540, it may be a strong signal when received by the receive antenna 514 and overwhelm the reflected signal 540, saturating the WiFi device 510. The leakage between the transmitter and the receiver can be reduced by using a bistatic or multistatic radar system. 6, a bistatic radar system 600 has a transmitter 610 and a receiver 620 that are displaced from each other by a distance 640 that is comparable to the expected distance 650 from the transmitter 610 to a target 630. In a multistatic radar system, multiple transmitters and / or multiple receivers are included in the system.

[0101] Communication Device Radar Capability Reporting and Radar Coordination Referring to FIG. 7, a communication device radar system 700 includes a radar server 710, base stations 720, 730, 740, UEs 750, 760, and reflectors 770, 780. In this example, the reflector 770 is a UE and the reflector 780 is a vehicle. The base stations 720, 730, 740 (e.g., an example of a TRP 300) transmit signals that are reflected by the reflectors 770, 780, and the reflections are received by the UEs 750, 760 and the base stations 730, 740. The base stations 730 and the reflectors 780 form a monostatic radar system, and the base stations 740 and the reflectors 780 form a monostatic radar system. The base stations 720, the reflectors 770, and the UEs 750, 760 form a multistatic radar system, and the UEs 750, 760 that are near the reflectors 770 measure the reflections for crowdsourcing purposes. Base station 720, reflector 780, and base station 730 form a bistatic radar system, as do base station 740, reflector 780, and base station 730. Radar server 710 coordinates which entities in system 700 transmit radar signals and which entities are used to measure the radar signals and report corresponding measurements and / or other information (e.g., results of processing the measurements).

[0102] Various signal properties may be considered for a reference signal for a radar in a communication device radar system. For example, the spacing of resource elements (REs) sounded in a reference signal in both time and frequency, as well as the total duration and bandwidth spanned by the REs, may affect the performance of the radar system. For example, spacing the sounded REs uniformly in frequency may facilitate robust and efficient time-domain based processing for ToA detection, as well as PRS. Spacing the sounded REs uniformly in time may facilitate Doppler-domain based processing for Doppler shift detection. A long duration spanned by the sounded REs may help provide coverage extension and high Doppler resolution, and a small time separation between the sounded REs helps provide a large maximum resolvable Doppler. A large bandwidth helps provide good time resolution, and a small frequency separation between the sounded REs (e.g., small comb number or fully-staggered signal) helps provide a large maximum resolvable delay. The minimum delay resolution is a function of the total bandwidth spanned by the sounded REs (e.g., minimum delay resolution = 1 / (4 * total bandwidth)), and the maximum resolvable delay is a function of the frequency interval of the sounded REs (e.g., maximum resolvable delay = 1 / (4 * frequency interval)). The minimum Doppler resolution is a function of the total time spanned by the sounded REs (e.g., minimum Doppler resolution = 1000 / (4 * total duration)), and the maximum resolvable Doppler is a function of the time interval of the sounded REs (e.g., maximum resolvable Doppler = 1000 / (4 * time interval)). Two example sets of reference signal parameters are given in Table 1 below, along with the corresponding minimum velocity resolution, maximum velocity, minimum range resolution, and maximum range.

[0103] [Table 1]

[0104] Various techniques may be implemented to facilitate communication device radar. Entities capable of processing communication frequency radar signals (which may include dual purpose signals, e.g., data signals used for radar purposes) may report their capabilities for measuring radar signals. This capability may include the saturation level and / or sensitivity level of each entity. A radar server (which may be a location server) may use the capabilities of the entities to coordinate radar signaling by determining which entities to use to receive radar signals as well as which entities to use to transmit radar signals and potentially at what transmit power. The radar server may select entities to use for radar signal reception and entities to use for radar signal transmission beyond those entities that have reported their radar capabilities.

[0105] With reference to FIG. 8 and further with reference to FIGS. 1-7, the communication device 800 includes a processor 810, a transceiver 820, and a memory 830 communicatively coupled to each other by a bus 840. The communication device 800 may be a UE, a TRP, or another entity capable of communication and radar signaling using communication frequencies, e.g., cellular communication frequencies and / or other communication frequencies, whether licensed or unlicensed. Thus, the communication device 800 may be a cellular communication device. The communication device 800 may include the components shown in FIG. 5 and may include one or more other components, such as any of those shown in FIG. 2, such that the UE 200 may be an example of the communication device 800. For example, the processor 810 may include one or more of the components of the processor 210. The transceiver 820 may include one or more of the components of the transceiver 215, such as the wireless transmitter 242 and antenna 246, or the wireless receiver 244 and antenna 246, or the wireless transmitter 242, the wireless receiver 244, and the antenna 246. Also or alternatively, the transceiver 820 may include the wired transmitter 252 and / or the wired receiver 254. The memory 830 may be configured similarly to the memory 211, for example, including software with processor-readable instructions configured to cause the processor 810 to perform functions. The communication device 800 may include any of the components shown in FIG. 3, such that the TRP 300 may be an example of a communication device 800.

[0106] The description herein may refer to the processor 810 performing functions, but also includes other implementations, such as the processor 810 executing software (stored in memory 830) and / or firmware. The description herein may refer to the communications device 800 performing functions as shorthand for one or more of the appropriate components of the communications device 800 (e.g., the processor 810 and memory 830) performing functions. The processor 810 (possibly along with the memory 830, and optionally the transceiver 820) includes a radar capabilities determination unit 850 and a radar capabilities reporting unit 860. The radar capabilities determination unit 850 and the radar capabilities reporting unit 860 are discussed further below, but the description may refer to the processor 810 generally, or the communications device 800 generally, as performing any of the functions of the determination unit 850 and / or the radar capabilities reporting unit 860, and the communications device is configured to perform those functions.

[0107] The radar capability determination unit 850 is configured to determine one or more parameters indicative of the capability of the communication device 800 to measure radar signals. The reflected signal may be received by the transceiver 820 (e.g., of a gNB or UE) with very high attenuation. The sensitivity level at which the device 800 is able to measure the reflected signal (e.g., receive the reflected signal and distinguish it from noise) and / or the saturation level at which the device 800 is able to measure the reflected signal and accurately represent the measurement (e.g., without clipping) may depend on several measurement capability factors. Such factors may include the frequency band or frequency band combination used to receive the reflected signal, the frequency band or frequency band combination used by the device 800 for communication (e.g., data) at the same time as the frequency band or frequency band combination used to receive the reflected signal, the frequency domain gap between the resources used to measure the reflected signal and the resources used to receive or transmit other signals, the functionality of the receive chain, receive panel, and antenna elements used to receive the reflected signal by the device 800, signal blockage, and / or one or more device components (e.g., RF components, filters, ADC (analog-to-digital converter) bit length). While some leakage between separate REs typically occurs, as the frequency gap becomes smaller, leakage between analog filters for radar and non-radar signals may increase, causing the noise floor to become higher. The radar capability determination unit 850 may be configured to determine the capability of the device 800 to measure radar signals (e.g., determine sensitivity and / or saturation levels) by analyzing one or more of these factors. The factors may be static, fixed by the configuration of the device 800 (e.g., design and assembly of the components of the device 800), or dynamic, changing over time (e.g., which components are currently used and / or currently received signal levels). Dynamic factors include bands / band combinations used (for radar and / or other signaling), Rx chains / Rx panels / antenna elements used, and / or jamming.An example of a static factor is the ADC bit depth. The saturation level can absolutely vary because it may be a fixed value relative to the strongest signal received, and the magnitude of the strongest received signal can vary over time.

[0108] The sensitivity level may be an absolute or relative value. For example, the sensitivity level of the device 800 may be a dBm value or a relative value relative to a noise floor, such as, for example, 10 dB above the thermal noise floor. The saturation level may be, for example, a relative value relative to the strongest received signal, since the saturation level may be a function of the dynamic range of the ADC that processes the received signal. For example, the saturation level may be 40 dB or 50 dB relative to the strongest received signal, i.e., so that signals over a 40 dB or 50 dB range may be simultaneously received and measured and the strength of the signal may be accurately represented. The saturation level may be the maximum difference between signals that can be accurately measured and processed in light of the current value of the SINR (signal to interference and noise ratio). For example, the saturation level may be the relative difference (e.g., the ratio) between the received reflected radar signal (e.g., the reflected signal 540) and the received leakage radar signal (e.g., the leakage signal 550). As another example, the saturation level may be the relative difference (e.g., the ratio) between a received reflected radar signal (e.g., reflected signal 540) and a received wireless data signal (e.g., leakage signal 550 or a data signal from another device).

[0109] The radar capability reporting unit 860 is configured to report the capability of the device 800 to measure a communication device radar signal, for example, as determined by the radar capability determination unit 850 by static or dynamic factors. The radar capability reporting unit 860 may be configured to support dynamic (ad-hoc, on-demand), semi-persistent, periodic, and / or capability type signaling of the capability of the device 800 to measure a radar signal, as indicated by one or more measurement capability parameters, such as, for example, a sensitivity level and / or a saturation level. Semi-persistent reporting includes periods of periodic reporting that are aperiodic, for example, triggered in an on-demand ad-hoc manner. Capability type reporting may not depend on a request for the measurement capability of the device 800 and may be static rather than responsive to a request. Dynamic reporting is responsive to a request (e.g., from the server 710) for the current measurement capability of the device 800, possibly in view of one or more parameters (e.g., specified by the server 710). Reporting of measurement capability may be associated with any of the measurement capability factors discussed above, or with a combination of two or more of the measurement capability factors. Thus, measurement capability may be conditional, and specified capabilities may be for one or more specified factors and / or factor values.

[0110] The radar capabilities reporting unit 860 may be configured to report the measurement capabilities of the device 800 in one or more of a variety of ways, as desired. For example, and referring also to FIG. 9 , the radar capabilities reporting unit 860 may report the measurement capabilities per radar frequency band, with an example report 900 including a radar frequency band 910, a sensitivity 920 corresponding to the radar frequency band 910, and a saturation 930 corresponding to the radar frequency band 910. The report 900 is an example and not a limitation of the present disclosure. For example, only one of the sensitivity 920 or the saturation 930 may be provided, or another indication of the measurement prowess of the device 800 may be provided. In the report 900, the sensitivity 920 is provided as a relative value, e.g., 15 dB relative to the noise floor, and the saturation 930 is provided as a relative value, e.g., 40 dB from the strongest received signal power. 10, the radar capabilities reporting unit 860 may report measurement capabilities for each radar frequency band combination, where an example report 1000 includes radar frequency band combination 1010, sensitivity 1020, and saturation 1030. As another example, and referring also to FIG. 11, the radar capabilities reporting unit 860 may report measurement capabilities for each radar frequency band combination or band combination and for each non-radar frequency band or band combination, where an example report 1100 includes radar frequency band or band combination 1110, non-radar frequency band or band combination 1120, sensitivity 1130, and saturation 1140. The report 1100 in this example includes three entries 1150, 1160, 1170. One or more of the entries 1150, 1160, 1170 may omit the sensitivity 1130 or saturation 1140 (or both if another measurement capability indicator is provided), and any particular entry may include radar bands or band combinations and non-radar bands or band combinations. Report 1100 is an example, and report 1100 may include more or fewer entries (e.g., a single entry).12 and 13, as another example, the radar capabilities reporting unit 860 may report the measurement capabilities for each receive antenna, receive panel (including multiple antenna elements), and / or receive chain, or (for monostatic systems) receive antenna, receive panel, and / or receive chain used to receive radar signals, and each transmit antenna, transmit panel, and / or transmit chain pairing used to transmit radar signals. The report 1200 includes a transmit field 1210, a receive field 1220, a sensitivity field 1230, and a saturation field 1240. However, fields 1210, 1220 may be omitted, and the sensitivity field 1230 and / or the saturation field 1240, depending on the transmit and receive components used, are reported without explicitly indicating the transmit or receive components used. The transmit field 1210 indicates the transmit antenna, transmit panel, and / or transmit chain used to transmit radar signals, and the receive field 1220 indicates the receive antenna, receive panel, and / or receive chain used to receive radar signals. As shown in FIG. 13, the transmit chain 1310 includes one or more processors 1312, a digital-to-analog converter (DAC) 1314, and a power amplifier 1316, although other components (e.g., one or more filters) may be included in the transmit chain 1310. The receive chain 1320 includes bandpass filters 1321, 1323, a low noise amplifier (LNA) 1322, a receiver 1324, an ADC 1325, and one or more processors 1326. As another example, and referring also to FIG. 14, the radar capabilities reporting unit 860 may report measurement capabilities per radar signal resource, per radar signal resource set, and / or per radar signal frequency layer, with an example report 1400 including the radar signal resource, resource set, and / or frequency layer 1410, sensitivity 1420, and saturation 1430. The reports 900, 1000, 1100, 1200, 1400 are examples and other configurations of reports may be used.For example, one or more measurement capability indications (e.g., sensitivity and / or saturation) may be provided without an associated qualification indication (e.g., frequency band, band combination, Tx / Rx pairing, etc.). The capability indication may be, for example, the lowest corresponding level for the device 800 to accurately measure radar signals regardless of other factors. As another example, a device type of the device 800 may be provided, which corresponds to one or more radar signal measurement capability values. For example, an industry standard (e.g., issued by 3GPP) may specify one or more capabilities (e.g., sensitivity level and / or saturation) corresponding to the device type such that reporting of the device type ensures the corresponding capabilities. For example, sensitivity may be specified for each of one or more frequency gaps such that sensitivity need not be reported by the device 800 for one or more frequency gaps.

[0111] As shown in FIG. 5, in a monostatic radar, a transmit signal 520 causes a leakage signal 550 that causes some interference to a signal received by the same device, e.g., a reflected signal 540. For a monostatic communication device radar system, the radar capabilities reporting unit 860 may be configured to report one or more indications of the amount of leakage in one or more of a variety of formats. For example, the radar capabilities reporting unit 860 may report a saturation level or an amount of leakage in the form of a device capabilities report, configuration, or type. The caused saturation, leakage, and / or interference may be reported as a function of the transmit power used by the transceiver 820. The radar capabilities reporting unit 860 may be configured to report one or more indications per band, per band combination, per band in a band combination (i.e., each band in a band combination), per Tx / Rx pair signaling (e.g., as shown in FIG. 12), or per radar signal resource, radar signal resource set, and / or radar signal frequency layer (e.g., as shown in FIG. 14).

[0112] 15 and further with reference to FIGS. 1-4, server 1500 includes processor 1510, transceiver 1520, and memory 1530 communicatively coupled to each other by bus 1540. Server 1500 may include the components shown in FIG. 4, such that server 400 may be an example of server 1500. Transceiver 1520 may include one or more of the components of transceiver 415, such as wireless transmitter 442 and antenna 446, or wireless receiver 444 and antenna 446, or wireless transmitter 442, wireless receiver 444, and antenna 446. Also or alternatively, transceiver 1520 may include wired transmitter 452 and / or wired receiver 454. Memory 1530 may be configured similarly to memory 411, and includes, for example, software with processor-readable instructions configured to cause processor 1510 to perform functions.

[0113] The description herein may refer to the processor 1510 performing functions, but includes other implementations, such as the processor 1510 executing software (stored in memory 1530) and / or firmware. The description herein may refer to the server 1500 performing functions as shorthand for one or more of the appropriate components of the server 1500 (e.g., the processor 1510 and memory 1530) performing functions. The processor 1510 (possibly along with the memory 1530 and, if necessary, the transceiver 1520) includes a radar capabilities collection unit 1550 and a Tx / Rx coordination unit 1560. The collection unit 1550 and the coordination unit 1560 are discussed further below, but the description may refer to the processor 1510 generally, or the server 1500 generally, as performing any of the functions of the collection unit 1550 and / or the coordination unit 1560, and the radar server 1500 is configured to perform those functions.

[0114] The collection unit 1550 is configured to request and collect radar capability information from the communications devices. The collection unit 1550 may respond to a request for the location of the UE by obtaining radar capability information for the communications devices 800. The collection unit 1550 may obtain such information from the memory 1530 and / or from one or more of the communications devices 800. The collection unit 1550 may transmit one or more requests for radar capability information via the transceiver 1520 as needed. The collection unit 1550 may collect responses to the requests using the radar capabilities of each of the communications devices 800. To facilitate the determination of radar capabilities, the collection unit 1550 may schedule a respective guard period (also referred to as a calibration window or training phase window) for each of one or more of the devices 800, during which the device 800 may determine one or more measurements that it can receive radar signaling, for example, to calibrate a receive automatic gain control (AGC) of the respective device 800. The guard period may be of various lengths, e.g., 10 ms. The collection unit 1550 may configure the device 800 to have a training phase window in a periodic or semi-persistent manner and / or may configure the device 800 to have one or more training phase windows in a dynamic, on-demand manner. The device 800 may use the training phase window to adjust / calibrate / determine the saturation and / or sensitivity level (and / or another measure of the ability to receive radar signaling) of the device 800. In a monostatic system, the device 800 may transmit and receive radar signals without measuring other signals during the guard period, with other procedures postponed / stopped / cancelled as necessary.If the device 800 is a UE, the server 1500 may configure the device 800 with one or more time domain guard periods, or the device 800 may request a guard period, or the server 1500 may ask the device's serving TRP to configure the device 800 with a guard period. The device 800 may use the guard period to calibrate or determine a sensitivity level and / or a saturation level, and report the determined sensitivity level and / or saturation level to the server 1500. In a bistatic system, the server 1500 may request one or more devices 800 to monitor for radar signals, and to one or more other devices 800 to transmit radar signals at known, different (e.g., monotonically increasing) transmit powers (e.g., powers of a particular step size). The receiving device 800 may respond with which radar signals were received and may indicate other information, such as which radar signals saturated the respective device 800. The coordination unit 1560 may analyze the received information to determine which device 800 should be used to transmit the radar signal (and at what power) as well as which device 800 should be used to receive and measure the radar signal, and may report the measurement including, for example, which signal (resource, resource set) should be measured, the frequency (periodicity) of the transmission, and the offset. The transmitted signal may have an ID, for example, a signal number, so that the device 800 may report which signal ID from which source was received. Thus, the device 800 may not know the transmit power of the signal, but the server 1500 may determine the transmit power that was received and was received without saturating the receiving device 800. Once the server 1500 knows the transmit power, it may determine the range of transmit powers from the source that can be received by the receiving device without saturating the receiving device. The coordination unit 1560 may send appropriate messages to the device 800 to transmit the radar signal (at the indicated power level) and / or to receive / measure / report the radar signal.

[0115] 1-15, a signaling and process flow 1600 for determining location information from combined processing of multiple PRSs using supplemental signals includes the steps shown. Flow 1600 is an example and steps may be added, reordered, and / or removed.

[0116] At stage 1610, one or more triggers occur to trigger reporting of radar signal measurement capabilities by communication devices 1601, 1602 (e.g., cellular communication devices). Devices 1601, 1602 are examples of communication devices 800, e.g., UEs or base stations (e.g., gNBs). Various forms of triggers may occur at stage 1610. For example, server 1500 may send request 1612 to device 1601 and / or request 1614 to device 1602. Each of requests 1612, 1614 requests each device 1601, 1602 to report to server 1500 its capability to act as a receiver of radar signals (e.g., to measure radar signals and accurately report the measurements). The server 1500 may transmit the requests 1612, 1614, for example, in response to receiving a request for the location of the UE, possibly within radar range, of the device 1601, 1602, and a decision by the server 1500 to use radar signaling (e.g., due to a decision that a desired location accuracy is not available without using radar signaling). The server 1500 may configure (or have the TRP 300 serving the device 1601, 1602 configure) one or more guard periods for the device 1601, 1602 to use in determining its respective radar capabilities. In sub-stages 1616, 1618, one or more other triggers occur to cause the device 1601, 1602 to report the radar capabilities of the device 1601, 1602, respectively, to act as a radar signal receiver.

[0117] In stage 1620, the communication devices 1601, 1602 determine their respective radar capabilities in sub-stages 1622, 1624, respectively. The devices 1601, 1602 may analyze current conditions, such as currently received signals (e.g., radar signals, wireless data signals), current thermal noise floor, currently used RF components, and / or current transmit power, to determine one or more indications of the device's 1601, 1602's capabilities to measure radar signals and accurately represent the measurements. For example, the radar capability determination unit 850 of each of the devices 1601, 1602 may use a guard period to receive (and transmit for monostatic systems) radar signals and determine sensitivity and / or saturation depending on one or more factors as discussed above (e.g., band, band combination, RF components used (e.g., Tx / Rx pairs, antennas, panels, RF chains, filters, etc.), interference, ADC bit length, etc.). The radar capabilities determination unit 850 may determine a relative difference between the received reflected radar signal and the received leakage radar signal as an indication of the device 800's capability to measure the radar signal. The received leakage radar signal may be determined (e.g., programmed during device manufacturing and / or empirically determined) from a mapping of the radar signal transmit power and the radar signal transmit power and the received leakage power. As another example, the radar capabilities determination unit 850 may determine a relative difference between the received reflected radar signal and the received wireless data signal (e.g., the leakage signal 550 or a data signal 1626 from another device, such as the TRP 300 or a UE).

[0118] In stage 1630, the devices 1601, 1602 report the determined capabilities. The radar capabilities reporting unit 860 of each of the devices 1601, 1602 transmits capability messages 1632, 1634, respectively. One or more of the messages 1632, 1634 may include measurements (e.g., sensitivity values ​​and / or saturation values) as shown in the reports 900, 1000, 1100, 1200, 1400. Also or alternatively, one or more of the messages 1632, 1634 may indicate one or more capabilities by, for example, indicating the device type of the respective device 1601, 1602 according to an industry standard for device type and corresponding capabilities. One or more of the messages 1632, 1634 may indicate that the corresponding device is unable to measure radar signals.

[0119] In step 1640, the server 1500 determines which devices 800 to use to transmit radar signals and receive and measure reflections of radar signals. The collection unit 1550 receives the capability messages 1632, 1634, and the coordination unit 1560 analyzes the information from the messages 1632, 1634 to determine which devices 800 to use to transmit radar signals and parameters of the radar signals (e.g., transmission power, resources, resource sets, frequency layers, etc.). The coordination unit 1560 transmits command messages 1642, 1644 to the devices 1601, 1602 to instruct the devices 1601, 1602 to operate as radar signal transmitters and / or radar signal receivers, respectively. In this example, the command message 1642 instructs the device 1601 to transmit and receive radar signals, and the command message 1644 instructs the device 1602 to receive and measure reflections of the radar signals transmitted by the device 1601. The command messages 1642, 1644 may include one or more parameters for the signals to be transmitted and / or received (eg, assistance data to aid in signal reception).

[0120] In stage 1650, the communication device 1601 transmits a radar signal 1652. The radar signal 1652 is a communication frequency radar signal, which may be a dedicated radar signal, or may be a multi-use (e.g., dual-use) signal for radar and at least one non-radar use, for example, to convey data. The radar signal may be, for example, a cellular communication frequency radar signal and / or a radar signal of other frequencies, whether licensed or unlicensed. The radar signal 1652 may be, for example, a PDSCH (Physical Downlink Shared Channel) signal, especially for monostatic radar systems, since the transmitting device knows the pattern of the transmitted data and thus the pattern of the received / reflected signal. Furthermore, the PDSCH signal may have a long burst duration that gives good Doppler resolution. The radar signal 1652 is incident on a reflector 1654 (e.g., an object whose location is to be determined) and is reflected into a reflection 1656 that is received by the device 1602 and a reflection 1658 that is received by the device 1601. Thus, in this example, device 1601 is used in a monostatic fashion, and devices 1601, 1602 are used in a bistatic fashion.

[0121] In stage 1660, the devices 1601, 1602 measure radar signals and transmit location information to the server 1500 based on the measurements of the radar signals. For example, the processor 810 of each of the devices 1601, 1602 receives and measures the respective radar signals in substages 1662, 1666. The processor 810 determines one or more corresponding measurements, such as the received power of the respective radar signals. The processor 810 determines location information, such as one or more of the measurements and / or information determined from the measurements, such as the pseudorange, ToA, RSRP, etc. The processor 810 of each of the devices 1601, 1602 transmits the location information to the server 1500 via the transceiver 820 in respective location information messages 1664, 1668.

[0122] At stage 1670, the server 1500 determines the location information. For example, the processor 1510 uses the location information from the location information messages 1664, 1668 to determine a location estimate for the reflector 1654, e.g., a UE. The processor 1510 may use the location information from multiple communication devices 800 to refine the location information. The server 1500 may use radar-based location information and non-radar-based location information (e.g., based on PRS processing) to determine the location information at stage 1670.

[0123] With reference to FIG. 17 and with further reference to FIGS. 1-16, a method 1700 of reporting radar signal measurement capabilities includes the steps shown. However, method 1700 is by way of example and not limitation. Method 1700 may be modified, for example, by having steps added, removed, reordered, combined, performed simultaneously, and / or by dividing a single step into multiple steps. For example, one or more of steps 1705, 1730, 1740, 1750 may be omitted.

[0124] At stage 1705, the method 1700 may include transferring wireless data signals within a communication frequency range between the communication device and another entity. For example, the processor 810 may transmit and / or receive wireless communications (e.g., wireless cellular communications) to and / or from a UE or a base station via the transceiver 820. The processor 810, in combination with the transceiver 820 (e.g., a wireless transmitter and antenna, or a wireless receiver and antenna, or a wireless transmitter, a wireless receiver, and an antenna), possibly in combination with the memory 830, may comprise means for transferring wireless data signals between the communication device and another entity.

[0125] At stage 1710, the method 1700 includes a step of determining, at the communication device, a capability of the communication device to measure a wireless radar signal having a frequency within a communication frequency range. For example, the radar capability determination unit 850 determines a capability of the device 1601 (and / or device 1602) to receive and measure a wireless radar signal having a (possibly cellular) communication frequency, e.g., with a desired accuracy and / or a desired capacity to represent the received wireless radar signal (e.g., without clipping). The radar capability determination unit 850 may determine the capability based on one or more factors as indicated by a request received from the server 1500, as described above. The processor 810, possibly in combination with the memory 830, may comprise a means for determining a capability of the communication device to measure a wireless radar signal.

[0126] At stage 1720, the method 1700 may include transmitting a capability indication from the communication device to a network entity of the communication device's capability to measure a wireless radar signal, the capability indication indicating a transmission power level of the wireless radar signal from a source of the wireless radar signal or a reception power level of the wireless radar signal at the communication device. For example, the radar capability reporting unit 860 of the device 1601 (and / or the device 1602) may transmit a capability message 1632 (and / or a message 1634) to the server 1500 indicating that the device 1601 can receive and measure the radar signal with a desired accuracy (e.g., at least a threshold accuracy for determining location information). The indication of the transmission power level may be an explicit absolute power or a relative power. As another example, the indication of the transmission power level may be an indication of one or more radar signals that have been received and successfully measured (e.g., without clipping). The indication of the one or more signals may include a signal ID that the server 1500 may use to determine a transmission power based on the known signal IDs and corresponding transmission powers. The processor 810, possibly in combination with the memory 830, may comprise means for transmitting the capability indication in combination with the transceiver 820 (eg, a wireless transmitter and antenna).

[0127] At stage 1730, the method 1700 may include receiving, at a communications device, a wireless radar signal within a communications frequency range. For example, communications device 1601 receives reflection 1658 of radar signal 1652. As another example, device 1602 receives reflection 1656. The processor 810, possibly in combination with the memory 830, may comprise means for receiving a wireless radar signal in combination with the transceiver 820 (e.g., a wireless receiver and antenna).

[0128] At stage 1740, method 1700 may include determining positioning parameters of the wireless radar signal. For example, processor 810 (of device 1601 and / or device 1602) may measure the wireless radar signal to determine location information, such as measurements such as received power, ToA, RSRP, AoA, etc. Processor 810, possibly in combination with memory 830, may comprise means for determining the positioning parameters.

[0129] At stage 1750, the method 1700 may include transmitting, via the transceiver, a positioning parameter indication of the positioning parameters to a network entity. For example, the processor 810 may transmit the positioning parameters to the server 1500 via the transceiver 820, e.g., in a location information message 1664, 1668. The processor 810 may comprise means for transmitting the second indication in combination with the transceiver 820 (e.g., a wireless transmitter and antenna), possibly in combination with the memory 830.

[0130] Implementations of the method 1700 may include one or more of the following features: In an example implementation, the capability indication indicates one or more received power levels, including a sensitivity power level, or a saturation power level, or both a sensitivity power level and a saturation power level. In another example implementation, the capability indication indicates a received power level of the wireless radar signal, and the capability indication is a relative power level. For example, the capability indication may be a power level relative to a specified static power level (e.g., a specified numeric value) or a variable power level (e.g., a thermal noise floor). In another example implementation, the capability indication indicates a transmit power level, and the capability indication indicates successful processing of the wireless radar signal. The capability indication may be implicit, for example indicating a successfully received signal that corresponds to a known transmit power. In another example implementation, the received power level is a first received power level of the wireless radar signal received as a reflected signal, and the capability indication indicates the first received power level relative to a second received power level of the wireless radar signal received as a leakage signal. For example, the capability indication may be a ratio of the reflected signal 540 to the leakage signal 550, or another indication of relative power. Such a capability indication may be useful in a monostatic system. In another example implementation, the received power level is a first received power level of a wireless radar signal, and the capability indication indicates the first received power level relative to a second received power level of a wireless data signal. For example, an indication of the relative power of the radar signal to the data signal may be useful in determining whether the communication device can measure the radar signal, e.g., the radar signal is within a threshold relationship with the data signal (e.g., within a threshold number of decibels of the data signal). In another example implementation, the method 1700 includes determining the capability indication in response to receiving a request for processing the wireless radar signal from a network entity. The processor 810, possibly in combination with the memory 830, in combination with the transceiver 820 (e.g., a wireless receiver and antenna), may comprise means for determining the capability indication in response to receiving the request.In another example implementation, transmitting the capability indication includes transmitting the capability indication in response to a request from the network entity to process the wireless radar signal, or transmitting the capability indication periodically, or transmitting the capability indication semi-persistently, or any combination thereof. The processor 810, possibly in combination with the memory 830, may comprise means for transmitting the capability indication, possibly in combination with the transceiver 820 (e.g., a wireless transmitter and antenna, and possibly a wireless receiver (e.g., for receiving the request)).

[0131] Additionally or alternatively, implementations of method 1700 may include one or more of the following features. In an example implementation, determining the capability indication includes determining a capability indication based on (1) a first frequency band within a communications frequency range for receiving a wireless radar signal, or (2) a first frequency band combination within a communications frequency range for receiving a wireless radar signal, or (3) a combination of a first frequency band and a second frequency band within a communications frequency range for transmitting a wireless data signal simultaneously with receiving a wireless radar signal, or (4) a combination of a first frequency band and a second frequency band combination within a communications frequency range for transmitting a wireless data signal simultaneously with receiving a wireless radar signal, or (5) a frequency band between a first resource element of the wireless radar signal and a second resource element of the wireless data signal. or (6) one or more components selected to receive the wireless radar signal, or (7) one or more components available for selection to receive the wireless radar signal, or (8) an expected attenuation of the wireless radar signal, or (9) a transmit power used to transmit a wireless data signal from the communication device, or (10) a pairing of one or more radio frequency transmitting components of the communication device with one or more radio frequency receiving components of the communication device, or (11) a resource set of the wireless radar signal, or a resource of the wireless radar signal, or a frequency layer of the wireless radar signal, or any combination of (1)-(11). In another example implementation, transmitting the capability indication includes transmitting a capability indication associated with one of (1)-(11) or a combination of two or more of (1)-(11). In another example implementation, the capability indication includes a device type of the communication device.

[0132] 18 and with further reference to FIGS. 1-17, a method 1800 of coordinating radar signaling by a server includes the steps shown, although method 1800 is by way of example and not limitation. Method 1800 may be modified, for example, by having steps added, removed, reordered, combined, performed simultaneously, and / or by splitting a single step into multiple steps.

[0133] At stage 1810, the method 1800 includes receiving, at a server, from each of the plurality of first communication devices, a first indication of the capability of a respective one of the plurality of first communication devices to measure a first wireless radar signal. For example, the radar capability collection unit 1550 of the server 1500 receives capability messages 1632, 1634 from the communication devices 1601, 1602. The messages 1632, 1634 may indicate that the devices 1601, 1602 can measure radar signals accurately or with a desired accuracy, respectively. The capability may be indicated by one or more parameters, such as sensitivity and / or saturation of the devices 1601, 1602. The one or more parameters may be provided that correspond to one or more factors that may affect the ability of the devices 1601, 1602 to measure radar signals. The processor 1510 may comprise means for receiving the first instruction, possibly in combination with the memory 1530 and in combination with the transceiver 1520 (e.g., the wireless receiver 444 and antenna 446, and / or the wired receiver 454).

[0134] At stage 1820, the method 1800 includes determining, at the server, based on the first indication from each of the plurality of first communication devices, at least a subset of the plurality of first communication devices to act as wireless radar signal receivers. For example, the radar capability collection unit 1550 may determine one or more of the devices from which a capability indication to use to receive radar signals was received. The collection unit 1550 may determine one or more devices from which the server 1500 did not receive a capability message to use for radar signaling. For example, the collection unit 1550 may be aware of the radar capability of a device without receiving a capability message from the device. The processor 1510, possibly in combination with the memory 1530, may comprise means for determining at least a subset of the plurality of first communication devices to act as wireless radar signal receivers.

[0135] At stage 1830, the method 1800 includes transmitting, from the server, a second instruction to a plurality of second communication devices instructing them to transmit a second radar signal. For example, the radar Tx / Rx coordination unit 1560 may transmit an instruction (e.g., instruction message 1642) to one or more appropriate devices to instruct the devices to transmit a radar signal. The processor 1510, possibly in combination with the memory 1530, in combination with the transceiver 1520 (e.g., the wireless transmitter 442 and antenna 446, and / or the wired transmitter 452), may comprise means for transmitting the second instruction.

[0136] At stage 1840, the method 1800 includes transmitting, from the server, a third instruction to at least a subset of the plurality of first communication devices instructing them to receive the second radar signal. For example, the radar Tx / Rx coordination unit 1560 may transmit instructions (e.g., instruction messages 1642, 1644) to one or more appropriate devices to instruct the devices to receive the radar signal. The processor 1510, possibly in combination with the memory 1530, in combination with the transceiver 1520 (e.g., the wireless transmitter 442 and antenna 446, and / or the wired transmitter 452), may comprise means for transmitting the third instruction.

[0137] Implementations of the method 1800 may include one or more of the following features. In an example implementation, transmitting the second instruction includes transmitting the second instruction with each of at least one of the second instructions indicating a transmission power to be used by the respective communication device of the plurality of second communication devices. For example, the coordination unit 1560 may instruct the device not only to transmit the radar signal but also at what transmission power to transmit the radar signal, e.g., based on the received capability information and / or other information for the processor 1510 to determine the transmission power to be used by the device for successful measurement of the corresponding radar signal (e.g., with a desired accuracy, such as without clipping). In another example implementation, the method 1800 includes transmitting one or more fourth instructions to establish a respective training phase window that one or more of the plurality of first communication devices should use to determine the first instruction. For example, one or more of the instruction messages 1642, 1644 may include information regarding one or more guard periods that one or more of the devices 1601, 1602 should use to measure signals or otherwise determine that the devices 1601, 1602 can (or cannot) measure radar signals. Also or alternatively, the coordination unit 1560 may transmit one or more messages to one or more serving TRPs 300 for the serving TRPs to configure one or more guard periods for one or more devices to determine radar measurement capabilities. The processor 1510 may comprise means for transmitting one or more fourth instructions, possibly in combination with the memory 1530 and in combination with the transceiver 1520 (e.g., the wireless transmitter 442 and antenna 446, and / or the wired transmitter 452).

[0138] Also or alternatively, implementations of the method 1800 may include one or more of the following features: In an example implementation, the method 1800 includes transmitting a fifth instruction to each of at least a subset of the plurality of second communication devices instructing them to transmit a plurality of test wireless radar signals, each with a different transmit power. For example, the collection unit 1550 may instruct one or more communication devices 800 to transmit a set of signals at known, different transmit power levels, such that no reception, reception without saturation, and / or reception with saturation may be used to determine which transmit power level to use to transmit the radar signal at each communication device 800. The processor 1510 may comprise means for transmitting the one or more fifth instructions, possibly in combination with the memory 1530, in combination with the transceiver 1520 (e.g., the wireless transmitter 442 and antenna 446, and / or the wired transmitter 452). In yet another example implementation, the method 1800 includes receiving a sixth indication from a particular first communication device of the plurality of first communication devices indicating which of the test wireless radar signals the particular first communication device successfully measured, and transmitting the second indication includes transmitting at least one of the second indications indicating a transmit power to be used by the particular second communication device of the plurality of second communication devices based on the sixth indication. For example, one of the communication devices 800 may indicate that the test radar signals were received and measured, for example, without saturation of the device 800. The collection unit 1550 may use this information to instruct the device that sent the radar signal to use a corresponding transmit power level for future radar signal transmissions.The processor 1510 may comprise means for receiving the sixth instructions, possibly in combination with the memory 1530 and in combination with the transceiver 1520 (e.g., the wireless receiver 444 and the antenna 446 and / or the wired receiver 454), and the processor 1510 may comprise means for transmitting at least one of the second instructions, possibly in combination with the memory 1530 and in combination with the transceiver 1520 (e.g., the wireless transmitter 442 and the antenna 446 and / or the wired transmitter 452).

[0139] Example implementation Example implementations are given in the numbered clauses below.

[0140] 1. A transceiver; Memory, A radar server comprising: a processor communicatively coupled to a transceiver and a memory, the processor comprising: receiving, via the transceiver, from each of the plurality of first communication devices, a first indication of an capability of a respective one of the plurality of first communication devices to measure a first wireless radar signal; determining at least a subset of the plurality of first communication devices to act as wireless radar signal receivers based on a first indication from each of the plurality of first communication devices; transmitting second instructions to a plurality of second communication devices instructing the plurality of second communication devices to transmit a second radar signal; and transmitting a third instruction to at least a subset of the plurality of first communication devices instructing them to receive the second radar signal.

[0141] 2. The radar server of clause 1, wherein the processor is configured to transmit the second instructions together with each of at least one of the second instructions indicating a transmission power to be used by a respective communication device of the plurality of second communication devices.

[0142] 3. The radar server of clause 1, wherein the processor is configured to transmit, via the transceiver, one or more fourth instructions for establishing respective training phase windows that one or more of the plurality of first communication devices should use to determine the first instruction.

[0143] 4. The radar server of clause 1, wherein the processor is configured to transmit fifth instructions via the transceiver to each of at least a subset of the plurality of second communication devices, the fifth instructions instructing the each of the plurality of second communication devices to transmit a plurality of test wireless radar signals, each having a different transmission power.

[0144] 5. The processor receiving a sixth indication from a particular one of the plurality of first communications devices indicating which of the plurality of test wireless radar signals the particular one of the plurality of first communications devices successfully measured; The radar server of clause 4, configured to: transmit at least one of the second instructions indicating a transmission power to be used by a particular second communication device of the plurality of second communication devices based on the sixth instruction.

[0145] 6. means for receiving, from each of the plurality of first communications devices, a first indication of a capability of a respective one of the plurality of first communications devices to measure a first wireless radar signal; means for determining, based on a first indication from each of the plurality of first communication devices, at least a subset of the plurality of first communication devices to act as wireless radar signal receivers; means for transmitting second instructions to a plurality of second communication devices instructing the plurality of second communication devices to transmit a second radar signal; and means for transmitting a third instruction to at least a subset of the plurality of first communication devices instructing them to receive the second radar signal.

[0146] 7. The radar server of clause 6, wherein the means for transmitting the second instructions comprises means for transmitting the second instructions, with each of at least one of the second instructions indicating a transmit power to be used by a respective communication device of the plurality of second communication devices.

[0147] 8. The radar server of clause 6, further comprising means for transmitting one or more fourth instructions for one or more of the plurality of first communication devices to establish respective training phase windows to be used in determining the first instructions.

[0148] 9. The radar server of clause 6, further comprising means for transmitting fifth instructions to each of at least a subset of the plurality of second communication devices instructing them to transmit a plurality of test wireless radar signals, each having a different transmission power.

[0149] 10. The radar server of clause 9, further comprising means for receiving from a particular first communications device of the plurality of first communications devices a sixth indication indicating which of the plurality of test wireless radar signals the particular first communications device successfully measured, and wherein the means for transmitting the second indications comprises means for transmitting at least one of the second indications indicating a transmit power to be used by the particular second communications device of the plurality of second communications devices based on the sixth indication.

[0150] 11. A method for coordinating radar signaling by a server, comprising: receiving, at a server, from each of the plurality of first communication devices, a first indication of a capability of a respective one of the plurality of first communication devices to measure a first wireless radar signal; determining, at the server, based on a first indication from each of the plurality of first communication devices, at least a subset of the plurality of first communication devices to act as wireless radar signal receivers; transmitting, from the server, second instructions to a plurality of second communication devices to transmit a second radar signal; and transmitting, from the server, a third instruction to at least a subset of the plurality of first communication devices instructing them to receive the second radar signal.

[0151] 12. The method of clause 11, wherein the step of transmitting the second instructions includes the step of transmitting the second instructions with each of at least one of the second instructions indicating a transmission power to be used by a respective communication device of the plurality of second communication devices.

[0152] 13. The method of clause 11, further comprising the step of one or more of the plurality of first communication devices transmitting one or more fourth instructions for establishing a respective training phase window to be used in determining the first instruction.

[0153] 14. The method of clause 11, further comprising transmitting fifth instructions to each of at least a subset of the plurality of second communications devices instructing them to transmit a plurality of test wireless radar signals, each having a different transmission power.

[0154] 15. The method of clause 14, further comprising the step of receiving a sixth indication from the particular first communications device of the plurality of first communications devices indicating which of the plurality of test wireless radar signals the particular first communications device successfully measured, and wherein the step of transmitting the second indications comprises the step of transmitting at least one of the second indications indicating a transmit power to be used by the particular second communications device of the plurality of second communications devices based on the sixth indication.

[0155] 16. A non-transitory processor-readable storage medium comprising processor-readable instructions, the processor-readable instructions causing a processor of a server to: receiving, from each of the plurality of first communications devices, a first indication of a capability of a respective one of the plurality of first communications devices to measure a first wireless radar signal; determining at least a subset of the plurality of first communication devices to act as wireless radar signal receivers based on a first indication from each of the plurality of first communication devices; transmitting second instructions to a plurality of second communication devices instructing the plurality of second communication devices to transmit a second radar signal; and transmitting third instructions to at least a subset of the plurality of first communication devices directing them to receive the second radar signal.

[0156] 17. The storage medium of clause 16, wherein the processor-readable instructions configured to cause the processor to transmit the second instructions include instructions configured to cause the processor to transmit the second instructions together with each of at least one of the second instructions indicating a transmit power to be used by a respective communication device of the plurality of second communication devices.

[0157] 18. The storage medium of clause 16, further comprising processor-readable instructions configured to cause a processor to transmit one or more fourth instructions for establishing a respective training phase window that one or more of the plurality of first communication devices should use to determine the first instruction.

[0158] 19. The storage medium of clause 16, further comprising processor-readable instructions configured to cause the processor to transmit fifth instructions to each of at least a subset of the plurality of second communication devices, the fifth instructions instructing the processor to transmit a plurality of test wireless radar signals, each having a different transmit power.

[0159] 20. The storage medium of clause 19, further including processor-readable instructions configured to cause the processor to receive, from a particular first communications device of the plurality of first communications devices, sixth instructions indicating which of the plurality of test wireless radar signals the particular first communications device successfully measured, and the processor-readable instructions configured to cause the processor to transmit the second instructions include instructions configured to cause the processor to transmit at least one of the second instructions indicating a transmit power to be used by the particular second communications device of the plurality of second communications devices based on the sixth instructions.

[0160] Other considerations Other examples and implementations are within the scope of this disclosure and the appended claims. For example, due to the nature of software and computers, the functions described above may be implemented using software executed by a processor, hardware, firmware, hardwiring, or any combination of these. Features implementing the functions may also be physically located in various locations, including being distributed such that portions of the functions are implemented in various physical locations.

[0161] As used herein, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The terms "comprises," "comprising," "including," and / or "comprising," as used herein, specify the presence of referenced features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or groups thereof.

[0162] As used herein, the term RS (Reference Signal) may refer to one or more reference signals and may refer to any form of the term RS, e.g., PRS, SRS, CSI-RS, etc., as appropriate.

[0163] As used herein, unless otherwise specified, a statement that a function or action is "based on" an item or condition means that the function or action is based on the stated item or condition, and may be based on one or more items and / or conditions in addition to the stated item or condition.

[0164] Also, as used herein, "or" in a list of items (which may begin with "at least one of" or "one or more of") indicates a disjunctive list, such as a list "at least one of A, B, or C" or a list "one or more of A, B, or C" or a list "A or B or C" meaning A, or B, or C, or AB (A and B), or AC (A and C), or BC (B and C), or ABC (i.e., A and B and C), or a combination of two or more elements (e.g., AA, AAB, ABBC, etc.). Thus, a recitation that an item, e.g., a processor, is configured to perform a function with respect to at least one of A or B, or that an item is configured to perform function A or function B means that the item may be configured to perform the function with respect to A, or the function with respect to B, or the function with respect to A and B. For example, the phrases "a processor configured to measure at least one of A or B" or "a processor configured to measure A or measure B" mean that the processor may be configured to measure A (and may or may not be configured to measure B), or may be configured to measure B (and may or may not be configured to measure A), or may be configured to measure A and measure B (and may be configured to select for measuring either A and B, or both). Similarly, recitation of a means for measuring at least one of A or B includes a means for measuring A (which may or may not be capable of measuring B), or a means for measuring B (which may or may not be configured to measure A), or a means for measuring A and B (which may be capable of selecting for measuring either A and B, or both).As another example, a recitation that an item, e.g., a processor, is configured to at least one of perform a function X or perform a function Y means that the item may be configured to perform function X, or may be configured to perform function Y, or may be configured to perform function X and to perform function Y. For example, the phrase "a processor configured to at least one of measuring X or measuring Y" means that the processor may be configured to measure X (and may or may not be configured to measure Y), or may be configured to measure Y (and may or may not be configured to measure X), or may be configured to measure X and measure Y (and may be configured to select between measuring either X and Y, or both).

[0165] Substantial variations may be made according to specific requirements. For example, customized hardware may be used and / or certain elements may be implemented in hardware, software executed by a processor (including portable software such as applets), or both. Additionally, connections to other computing devices, such as network input / output devices, may be utilized. Functional or other components shown in the figures and / or discussed herein in connection with or in communication with each other are communicatively coupled unless otherwise noted. That is, the components may be directly or indirectly connected to enable communication therebetween.

[0166] The systems and devices described above are examples. Various configurations may omit, substitute, or add various procedures or components as appropriate. For example, features described with respect to some configurations can be combined into various other configurations. Different aspects and elements of the configurations can be combined in a similar manner. Also, technology evolves, and thus many of the elements are examples and do not limit the scope of the disclosure or claims.

[0167] A wireless communication system is one in which communications are conveyed wirelessly, i.e., by electromagnetic and / or acoustic waves propagating through atmospheric space rather than through wires or other physical connections. A wireless communication network may not have all communications transmitted wirelessly, but is configured to have at least some communications transmitted wirelessly. Furthermore, the term "wireless communication device" or similar terms does not require that the functionality of the device is exclusively, or even primarily, for communication, or that communications using a wireless communication device are exclusively, or even primarily, wireless, or that the device is a mobile device, but indicates that the device includes wireless communication capabilities (unidirectional or bidirectional), e.g., at least one radio for wireless communication (each radio being part of a transmitter, receiver, or transceiver).

[0168] In the description, specific details are given to provide a thorough understanding of the example configurations (including implementations). However, the configurations may be practiced without these specific details. For example, well-known circuits, processes, algorithms, structures, and techniques have been shown without unnecessary detail to avoid obscuring the configurations. This description provides an example configuration and does not limit the scope, applicability, or configuration of the claims. Rather, the preceding description of the configurations provides a description for implementing the described techniques. Various changes may be made in the function and arrangement of elements.

[0169] As used herein, the terms "processor-readable medium," "machine-readable medium," and "computer-readable medium" refer to any medium that participates in providing data that causes a machine to operate in a specific manner. With a computing platform, various processor-readable media may be involved in providing instructions / code to the processor for execution and / or be used to store and / or carry such instructions / code (e.g., signals). In many implementations, the processor-readable medium is a physical and / or tangible storage medium. Such media may take many forms, including, but not limited to, non-volatile media and volatile media. Non-volatile media include, for example, optical and / or magnetic disks. Volatile media include, but are not limited to, dynamic memory.

[0170] Although some example configurations have been described, various modifications, alternative configurations, and equivalents may be used. For example, the above elements may be components of a larger system, in which other rules may take precedence over or otherwise modify the application of the present disclosure. Also, some operations may be performed before, during, or after the above elements are considered. Thus, the above description does not limit the scope of the claims.

[0171] Unless otherwise specified, "about" and / or "approximately" as used herein when referring to a measurable value such as an amount, duration, etc., encompasses a variation of ±20% or ±10%, ±5%, or ±0.1% from the specified value, when such variation is appropriate in the context of the systems, devices, circuits, methods, and other implementations described herein. Unless otherwise specified, "substantially" as used herein when referring to a measurable value such as an amount, duration, physical attribute (such as frequency), etc., also encompasses a variation of ±20% or ±10%, ±5%, or +0.1% from the specified value, when such variation is appropriate in the context of the systems, devices, circuits, methods, and other implementations described herein.

[0172] A statement that a value exceeds (or is greater than or above) a first threshold is equivalent to a statement that the value meets or exceeds a second threshold that is slightly greater than the first threshold, e.g., the second threshold is a value that is higher than the first threshold at the resolution of the computing system. A statement that a value is less than (or is within or below) a first threshold is equivalent to a statement that the value is less than or equal to a second threshold that is slightly lower than the first threshold, e.g., the second threshold is a value that is lower than the first threshold at the resolution of the computing system. [Explanation of symbols]

[0173] 100 Communication system, system 105UE 106UE 110a NR Node B (gNB), gNB (g Node B), gNB 110b NR Node B (gNB), gNB (g Node B), gNB 114 Next Generation eNodeB (ng-eNB), ng-eNB (eNodeB), ng-eNB 115 Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) 117 Session Management Facility (SMF) 120 Location Management Function (LMF) 125 Gateway Mobile Location Center (GMLC) 130 External Clients 135 Next Generation (NG) RAN (NG-RAN) 140 5G Core Network (5GC) 150 Servers 185 Constellation 190 Satellite Vehicle (SV) 191 Satellite Vehicle (SV) 192 Satellite Vehicle (SV) 193 Satellite Vehicle (SV) 200UE 210 Processor 211 Memory 212 Software (SW) 213 Sensor 214 Transceiver Interface 215 Transceiver 216 User Interface 217 Satellite Positioning System (SPS) Receiver 218 Camera 219 Position Device (PD) 220 Bus 230 General Purpose / Application Processors, Processors 231 Digital Signal Processor (DSP), Processor 232 Modem Processor 233 Video Processor 234 Sensor Processor, Processor 240 Wireless Transceiver 242 Wireless Transmitter 244 Wireless Receiver 246 Antenna 250 Wired Transceiver 252 Wired Transmitter 254 Wired Receiver 262 SPS Antenna 300 TRP 310 Processor 311 Memory 312 Software (SW) 315 Transceiver 320 Bus 340 Wireless Transceiver 342 Wireless Transmitter 344 Wireless Receiver 346 Antenna 350 Wired Transceiver 352 Wired Transmitter 354 Wired Receiver 400 Servers 410 Processor 411 Memory 412 Software (SW) 415 Transceiver 420 Bus 440 Wireless Transceiver 442 Wireless Transmitter 444 Wireless Receiver 446 Antenna 450 Wired Transceiver 452 Wired Transmitter 454 Wired Receiver 500 Monostatic WiFi RF Detection System 510 WiFi Devices 512 Transmitting Antenna 514 Receiving Antenna 530 target devices 600 Bistatic Radar System 610 Transmitter 620 Receiver 630 Target 700 Communication Device Radar System, System 710 Radar Server, Server 720 base station 730 base station 740 base station 750UE 760UE 800 Communication devices, devices, receiving devices 810 Processor 820 Transceiver 830 Memory 840 Bus 850 Radar Capability Assessment Unit, Assessment Unit 860 Radar Capability Reporting Unit 1310 Transmit Chain 1312 processor 1314 Digital to Analog Converter (DAC) 1316 Power Amplifier 1320 Receive Chain 1321 Bandpass Filter 1322 Low Noise Amplifier (LNA) 1323 Bandpass Filter 1324 Receiver 1325 ADC 1326 processor 1500 Server, Radar Server 1510 Processor 1520 Transceiver 1530 Memory 1540 Bus 1550 Radar Capable Collection Unit, Collection Unit 1560 Tx / Rx cooperative unit, cooperative unit 1601 Communication devices, devices 1602 Communication devices, devices

Claims

1. A transceiver; Memory, a processor communicatively coupled to the transceiver and the memory, the processor comprising: transmitting wireless data signals within a communications frequency range via the transceiver; determining a capability of the communications device to measure a wireless radar signal received via the transceiver, the wireless radar signal being a dedicated radar signal having a frequency within the communications frequency range; transmitting a first indication of the capability of the communications device to measure the wireless radar signal via the transceiver to a network entity, the first indication indicating a transmission power level of the wireless radar signal from a source of the wireless radar signal or a received power level of the wireless radar signal at the communications device; receiving, via the transceiver, the wireless radar signal; determining a positioning measurement of the wireless radar signal; and transmitting a second indication of the positioning measurements to the network entity via the transceiver.

2. 10. The communications device of claim 1, wherein the first indication indicates one or more of a sensitivity power level, or a saturation power level, or both the sensitivity power level and the saturation power level.

3. 10. The communications device of claim 1, wherein the first indication indicates the received power level relative to another power level.

4. 10. The communications device of claim 1, wherein the first indication indicates the transmit power level, and the first indication indicates successful processing of the wireless radar signal.

5. A communications device as described in claim 1, wherein the transceiver has a transmitting antenna and a receiving antenna, the received power level is a first received power level of the wireless radar signal received as a reflected signal, and the first indication indicates the first received power level relative to a second received power level of the wireless radar signal received as a leakage signal at the receiving antenna from the transmitting antenna.

6. 2. The communications device of claim 1, wherein the received power level is a first received power level of the wireless radar signal and the first indication indicates the first received power level relative to a second received power level of the wireless data signal.

7. 2. The communications device of claim 1, wherein the processor is configured to determine the first indication in response to receiving a request for processing the wireless radar signal from the network entity via the transceiver.

8. The processor, configured to transmit the first instruction in response to a request from the network entity to process the wireless radar signal; or configured to periodically transmit the first indication; or configured to transmit the first indication semi-persistently; or The communication device of claim 1, any combination thereof.

9. The processor, i) a first frequency band within the communications frequency range for receiving the wireless radar signal; or ii) a first frequency band combination within the communications frequency range for receiving the wireless radar signal; or iii) a combination of the first frequency band and a second frequency band within the communications frequency range for receiving the wireless radar signal and simultaneously transmitting the wireless data signal. The communication device of claim 1 , configured to determine the first indication based on:

10. The processor, i) a frequency gap between a first resource element of the wireless radar signal and a second resource element of the wireless data signal; or ii) one or more components selected by the processor to receive the wireless radar signal; or iii) one or more components selectable to receive said wireless radar signals. The communication device of claim 1 , configured to determine the first indication based on:

11. The processor, i) the expected attenuation of said wireless radar signal; or ii) the transmit power of the transceiver used to transmit the wireless data signal; or iii) pairing one or more radio frequency transmitting components of said communication device with one or more radio frequency receiving components of said communication device. The communication device of claim 1 , configured to determine the first indication based on:

12. The processor, i) a resource set of said wireless radar signal; or ii) the resources of said wireless radar signals; or iii) a frequency layer of said wireless radar signal. The communication device of claim 1 , configured to determine the first indication based on:

13. The communication device of claim 1 , wherein the first indication includes a device type of the communication device.

14. 1. A method for reporting radar signal measurement capabilities, comprising: determining, at a communications device, a capability of the communications device to measure a wireless radar signal, the wireless radar signal being a dedicated radar signal having a frequency within a communications frequency range; transmitting from the communications device to a network entity a capability indication of the capability of the communications device to measure the wireless radar signal, the capability indication indicating a transmit power level of the wireless radar signal from a source of the wireless radar signal or a receive power level of the wireless radar signal at the communications device.

15. 15. A non-transitory processor-readable storage medium comprising processor-readable instructions configured to cause a processor of a communications device to perform the method of claim 14. A non-transitory processor-readable storage medium.

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