Film, member, transfer device, fixing device, and image forming apparatus

Abstract

To provide a film that well maintains oil repellent properties even when used continuously in a high temperature environment.SOLUTION: A film contains: resin; and a siloxane compound that has a structure A of the formula [RSiO1.5]n (in the formula, R represents an organic group, and n represents an integer of 2 or more), wherein at least one R of a plurality of Rs present in the structure A is a group including an alkyl group, and the difference in the solubility parameter (SP value) between the resin and the structure A is 3.0 or less in terms of absolute value. The film has a surface free energy of 40 mJ / m2 or less.SELECTED DRAWING: None

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a film, a member, a transfer device, a fixing device, and an image forming apparatus. [Background technology]

[0002] In an image forming apparatus (such as a copier, a facsimile, or a printer) using an electrophotographic method, a toner image formed on the surface of an image carrier is transferred to the surface of a recording medium and fixed on the recording medium to form an image.

[0003] For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a water- and oil-repellent film comprising: a resin layer containing a silicone (excluding organosilsesquioxanes of a T2m+6(m≧1) structure) that does not have a fluorine atom in the side chain group R1 that is bonded to a silicon atom; and a water- and oil-repellent layer laminated on the resin layer and containing an organosilsesquioxane of a T2m+6(m≧1) structure that has a hydrocarbon group R2 that is bonded to a silicon atom, with at least a part of the organosilsesquioxane being exposed on the surface, wherein the silicone has Hansen solubility parameters of a dispersion term δD of 10 MPa1 / 2 or more and 15 MPa1 / 2 or less, a polarization term δP of 0 MPa1 / 2 or more and 5 MPa1 / 2 or less, and a hydrogen bond term δH of 0 MPa1 / 2 or more and 5 MPa1 / 2 or less, and the organosilsesquioxane is octamethylsilsesquioxane.

[0004] Patent Document 2 discloses "an electrophotographic member having a base and a surface layer, the surface layer containing a binder resin having an acrylic skeleton and a modified silicone compound having a polyether group and a hydroxyl group in one molecule, and the surface layer has an n-hexadecane contact angle of 30° or more." [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0005] [Patent Document 1] Patent No. 6801474 [Patent Document 2] Patent No. 6305220 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0006] The subject of the present invention is a method for producing a polymerizable composition comprising a resin and a polymerizable compound of the formula [RSiO 1.5 ] n and a siloxane compound having a structure A (wherein, R is an organic group, and n is an integer of 2 or more), in which at least one of the R's present in the structure A is a group containing an alkyl group, and the difference in solubility parameter (SP value) between the resin and the structure A exceeds 3.0 in absolute value; or a film containing the same having a surface free energy of 40 mJ / m 2 Compared to other films, it has high oil repellency even when used continuously in high temperature environments. The object of the present invention is to provide a film having excellent durability. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] Means for solving the above problems include the following aspects. <1> Resin and Formula: [RSiO 1.5 ] n a siloxane compound having a structure A (wherein, R is an organic group, and n is an integer of 2 or more), in which at least one of the multiple Rs present in the structure A is a group containing an alkyl group, and the difference in solubility parameter (SP value) between the resin and the structure A is 3.0 or less in absolute value; Including, Surface free energy is 40mJ / m 2 The following films. <2> The difference in solubility parameter (SP value) between the resin and the structure A is 1.5 or less in absolute value, and the surface free energy is 35 mJ / m 2 below, <1> The film according to claim 1. <3> The content of the siloxane compound in the film is 3% by volume or more. <1> or <2> The film according to claim 1. <4> The content of the siloxane compound in the film is 6% by volume or more. <3> The film according to claim 1. <5> The peel strength of the surface of the film at 140°C is 24 kPa or less. <1> ~ <4> 13. The film according to any one of claims 1 to 12. <6> The peel strength of the surface of the film at 140°C is 18 kPa or less. <5> The film according to claim 1. <7> The layers that make up the outer surface are: <1> ~ <6> 13. A member having the film according to any one of claims 1 to 12. <8> A first rotating body and a second rotating body arranged in contact with an outer surface of the first rotating body, At least one of the first rotating body and the second rotating body, <7> A fixing device comprising the member described in claim 1. <9> An image carrier; a charging device for charging the surface of the image carrier; an electrostatic latent image forming device for forming an electrostatic latent image on a charged surface of the image carrier; a developing device that contains a developer containing a toner and develops an electrostatic latent image formed on the surface of the image carrier with the developer to form a toner image; a transfer device for transferring the toner image onto a surface of a recording medium; Fixing the toner image on the surface of a recording medium; <8> a fixing device according to the above; An image forming apparatus comprising: <10> <7> an intermediate transfer body having an outer peripheral surface on which a toner image is transferred; a primary transfer device for primarily transferring a toner image formed on a surface of an image carrier onto a surface of the intermediate transfer body; a secondary transfer device that secondarily transfers the toner image transferred onto the surface of the intermediate transfer body onto a surface of a recording medium; A transfer device comprising: <11> An image carrier; a charging device for charging the surface of the image carrier; an electrostatic latent image forming device for forming an electrostatic latent image on a charged surface of the image carrier; a developing device that contains a developer containing a toner and develops an electrostatic latent image formed on the surface of the image carrier with the developer to form a toner image; transferring the toner image onto a surface of a recording medium; <10> A transfer device according to the present invention; a fixing device for fixing the toner image onto a surface of a recording medium; An image forming apparatus comprising: Effect of the Invention

[0008] <1> According to the present invention, a resin and a polymer having the formula: [RSiO 1.5 ] n and a siloxane compound having a structure A of the formula (wherein R is an organic group and n is an integer of 2 or more), in which at least one of the Rs present in the structure A is a group containing an alkyl group, and the difference in solubility parameter (SP value) between the resin and the structure A is an absolute value of more than 3.0; or a film containing a siloxane compound having a surface free energy of 40 mJ / m 2 Compared to other films, it can be used continuously in high temperature environments. This provides a film that maintains high oil repellency even when used in a wide range of applications.

[0009] <2> According to the present invention, a film is provided which is excellent in maintaining high oil repellency even when continuously used in a high temperature environment, compared to a case in which the difference in solubility parameter (SP value) between the resin and Structure A exceeds 35 in absolute value.

[0010] <3> According to the present invention, a film is provided which is excellent in maintaining high oil repellency even when continuously used in a high temperature environment, as compared with a film in which the content of the siloxane compound is less than 3% by volume. <4> According to the present invention, a film is provided which is excellent in maintaining high oil repellency even when continuously used in a high temperature environment, as compared with a film in which the content of the siloxane compound is less than 6% by volume. <5> According to the present invention, a film is provided which is excellent in maintaining high oil repellency even when continuously used in a high temperature environment, as compared with a film having a surface peel strength of less than 24 kPa at 140°C. <6> According to the present invention, a film is provided which is excellent in maintaining high oil repellency even when continuously used in a high temperature environment, as compared with a film having a surface peel strength of less than 18 kPa at 140°C.

[0011] <7> , <8> , <9> , <10> and <11> According to the present invention, a resin and a polymer having the formula: [RSiO 1.5 ] n and a siloxane compound having a structure A (wherein, R is an organic group, and n is an integer of 2 or more), in which at least one of the R's present in the structure A is a group containing an alkyl group, and the difference in solubility parameter (SP value) between the resin and the structure A exceeds 3.0 in absolute value; or a film containing the same having a surface free energy of 40 mJ / m 2 Beyond The present invention provides a member that is superior in maintaining high oil repellency even when used continuously in a high temperature environment compared to the case where a film is applied, a transfer device and an image forming device that include an intermediate transfer body made of the member, and a fixing device and an image forming device that include a rotating body made of the member. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0012] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram illustrating an example of a fixing device according to a first embodiment of the present invention. [Diagram 2] FIG. 11 is a schematic configuration diagram illustrating an example of a fixing device according to a second embodiment of the present invention. [Diagram 3] FIG. 11 is a schematic configuration diagram illustrating an example of a fixing device according to a third embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 4] 1 is a schematic configuration diagram illustrating an example of an image forming apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0013] Hereinafter, the present embodiment, which is an example of the present invention, will be described. These descriptions and examples are merely illustrative of the embodiment, and do not limit the scope of the embodiment.

[0014] In the numerical ranges described in the present embodiment, the upper or lower limit of one numerical range may be replaced with the upper or lower limit of another numerical range described in the present embodiment. In addition, in the numerical ranges described in the present embodiment, the upper or lower limit of the numerical range may be replaced with a value shown in the examples. In this embodiment, the term "process" includes not only an independent process, but also a process that cannot be clearly distinguished from other processes as long as the intended purpose of the process is achieved. When the embodiment is described with reference to the drawings, the configuration of the embodiment is not limited to the configuration shown in the drawings. Furthermore, the size of the members in each drawing is conceptual, and the relative relationship between the sizes of the members is not limited to this. In this embodiment, each component may contain multiple types of corresponding substances. When referring to the amount of each component in the composition in this embodiment, if multiple substances corresponding to each component are present in the composition, the amount refers to the total amount of the multiple substances present in the composition, unless otherwise specified.

[0015] <Film> The film according to the present embodiment is a film comprising a resin and a compound represented by the formula: [RSiO 1.5 ] n and a siloxane compound (hereinafter also referred to as "siloxane compound SQ") having a structure A (wherein, in the formula, R is an organic group, and n is an integer of 2 or more), in which at least one R in structure A is a group containing an alkyl group, and the absolute value of the difference in solubility parameter (SP value) between the resin and structure A is 3.0 or less.

[0016] The film according to the present embodiment, due to the above-mentioned constitution, is a film that is excellent in maintaining high oil repellency even when continuously used in a high-temperature environment. The reason for this is presumed to be as follows.

[0017] Dimethyl silicone is a highly oil-repellent compound and has a higher dielectric constant than fluorine compounds. Therefore, compared to using fluorine compounds, the use of dimethyl silicone is advantageous in terms of strength stability as well as imparting high oil repellency to the film. When dimethyl silicone is added to a film, the methyl groups are oriented on the film surface, imparting high oil repellency. However, when a film containing dimethyl silicone is exposed to high heat, which intensifies molecular motion, the main chain of the dimethyl silicone rotates, and the methyl groups move and sink into the resin, which can reduce oil repellency.

[0018] In contrast, [RSiO 1.5 ] n Structure A is a multidimensional structure with high skeletal strength. Therefore, the siloxane compound SQ has high heat resistance, and even in a high temperature environment, molecular motion is reduced, and the alkyl group that imparts oil repellency, which is possessed by at least one R in structure A, is unlikely to move. This makes it easy to maintain the orientation of the alkyl group on the film surface, and the high oil repellency is unlikely to decrease. In order to impart sufficiently high oil repellency, a surface free energy of 40 mJ / m 2 The following applies.

[0019] In addition, by making the difference in solubility parameter (SP value) between the resin and the structure A of the siloxane compound SQ an absolute value of 3.0 or less, the compatibility between the resin and the siloxane compound SQ is increased. This improves the wettability of the siloxane compound SQ to the resin, making it difficult for the siloxane compounds SQ to aggregate with each other or to segregate / precipitate on the surface of the siloxane compound SQ. Therefore, the orientation of the alkyl groups on the film surface is easily maintained, and the high oil repellency is unlikely to decrease even if the film is used repeatedly in a high-temperature and high-humidity environment.

[0020] Therefore, it is presumed that the film according to this embodiment will be a film that is excellent in maintaining high oil repellency even when continuously used in a high temperature environment.

[0021] The film according to this embodiment will be described in detail below.

[0022] The film according to this embodiment contains a resin and a siloxane compound SQ, and has a surface free energy of 40 mJ / m 2 The following is the result.

[0023] The surface free energy of the film according to this embodiment is 35 mJ / m from the viewpoint of high oil repellency. 2 Less than 30 mJ / m is preferable. 2 The following is more preferred: The surface free energy of the film surface is measured by the following method. Based on the OWRK (Owens-Wendt-Rabel-Kaelble) method, the surface free energy is known. The contact angle of water was measured by dropping water onto the film, the contact angle of diiodomethane was measured by dropping diiodomethane onto the film, and the contact angle of N-dodecane was measured by dropping N-dodecane onto the film. The surface free energy (mJ / m 2 ) is calculated. However, each contact angle is the value measured 5 seconds after water, diiodomethane or N-dodecane is dropped onto the film.

[0024] (Solubility parameter) The difference in solubility parameter (SP value) between the resin and structure A (that is, siloxane compound SQ) is 3.0 or less in absolute value, but from the viewpoint of maintaining high oil repellency, it is preferably 1.5 or less. In order to set the absolute value of the difference in solubility parameter (SP value) between the resin and structure A within the above range, the structure A ([RSiO 1.5 ] n In other words, it is preferable that, among the multiple Rs present in structure A, at least one R is a group containing an alkyl group, and at least one R is a group compatible with the resin.

[0025] The solubility parameter (SP value) is a value calculated by the Fedors method. Specifically, the solubility parameter (SP value) is calculated by the following formula, for example, in accordance with the description in Polym. Eng. Sci., vol. 14, p. 147 (1974). Formula: SP value = √(Ev / v) = √(ΣΔei / ΣΔvi) (Wherein, Ev: evaporation energy (cal / mol), v: molar volume (cm 3 / mol), Δei: evaporation energy of each atom or atomic group, Δvi: molar volume of each atom or atomic group) The solubility parameter (SP value) is expressed in units of (cal / cm 3 ) 1 / 2 However, following convention, the units are omitted and the value is expressed as dimensionless.

[0026] (Siloxane Compound SQ) The siloxane compound SQ has the formula: [RSiO 1.5 ] n The compound has a structure A (wherein, R is an organic group, and n is an integer of 2 or more), and at least one R in the structure A has a group containing an alkyl group.

[0027] In Structure A, the organic group represented by R in the formula is, for example, a hydroxyl group, a siloxy group, a hydrocarbon group, a hydrocarbon group in which one or more methylene groups are replaced with a carbonyl group, a hydrocarbon group in which one or more carbon atoms are replaced with a heteroatom (oxygen atom, nitrogen atom, or sulfur atom), or a group combining these.

[0028] The siloxy group explained in relation to the organic group represented by R includes a monoalkylsiloxy group, a dialkylsiloxy group, a trialkylsiloxy group, and the like, with a dialkylsiloxy group and a trialkylsiloxy group being preferred, and a trialkylsiloxy group being more preferred.

[0029] The hydrocarbon group explained in relation to the organic group represented by R includes an aliphatic hydrocarbon group and an aromatic hydrocarbon group.

[0030] Examples of the aliphatic hydrocarbon group include linear, branched, or alicyclic saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon groups, and linear, branched, or alicyclic unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon groups. The aliphatic hydrocarbon group is preferably a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, more preferably a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms. The aliphatic hydrocarbon group may be substituted with a substituent such as a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, an amino group or an aryl group.

[0031] The aromatic hydrocarbon group is a carbon atom having 6 to 18 carbon atoms (preferably 6 to 14 carbon atoms). Examples of the aromatic hydrocarbon group include a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, and an anthracenyl group. The aromatic hydrocarbon group may be substituted with a substituent such as a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, an amino group, an alkyl group or an alkoxy group.

[0032] The organic group represented by R may have a reactive group, such as a vinyl group, an allyl group, a styryl group, a maleimide group, an epoxy group, or a (meth)acryloyl group.

[0033] A plurality of R's present in the structure A may be the same organic group or different organic groups. However, at least one of the R's present in the structure A is a group containing an alkyl group. From the viewpoint of high oil repellency, the group containing an alkyl group is preferably an alkyl group itself or a siloxy group containing an alkyl group. In other words, at least one of the R's present in the structure A is preferably an alkyl group or a siloxy group containing an alkyl group. The alkyl group is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 9 carbon atoms, more preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and even more preferably an alkyl group having 1 carbon atom (i.e., a methyl group). 2 To achieve the above, the alkyl group preferably has 1 or more and 4 or less carbon atoms.

[0034] From the viewpoint of maintaining high oil repellency, it is preferable that at least one of the multiple R's present in the structure A is a group compatible with the resin. The compatible group may also be the above-mentioned "alkyl group present as at least one R among the multiple R groups present in the structure A."

[0035] Here, the term "group compatible with a resin" refers to a group that exhibits interaction through hydrogen bonding, ionic interaction, dipole-dipole interaction, or the like with a part or the whole of the structural units of the resin. Specific examples of the resin-compatible group include the following groups. When the resin is a silicone rubber, examples of the compatible group include a hydroxyl group, a carboxyl group, and an amide group. When the resin is a polycarbonate resin, examples of the compatible group include an amide group, an alkyl group (such as a methyl group), and a carboxyl group. When the resin is a polyimide resin, examples of the compatible group include an amide group and an alkyl group (such as a methyl group). When the resin is a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) resin, examples of the compatible group include a carboxyl group, an amide group, and a hydroxyl group.

[0036] In the siloxane compound SQ, the proportion of groups containing an alkyl group is preferably from 10 mol % to 50 mol %, more preferably from 25 mol % to 50 mol %, based on the siloxane compound SQ, from the viewpoint of high oil repellency. The proportion of the compatible group in the resin is preferably 1 mol % or more and 10 mol % or less, and more preferably 3 mol % or more and 10 mol % or less, based on the siloxane compound SQ, from the viewpoint of maintaining high oil repellency. When the compatible group is a group other than an alkyl group, the molar ratio of the abundance ratio of groups containing an alkyl group to the abundance ratio of compatible groups to the resin (abundance ratio of groups containing an alkyl group / abundance ratio of compatible groups to the resin) is preferably 7 / 3 or more and 9 / 1 or less, and more preferably 7 / 3 or more and 5 / 5 or less, from the viewpoint of maintaining high oil repellency.

[0037] The method for measuring the proportion of the alkyl group-containing group and the compatible group is as follows. It is calculated from the height ratio of the peaks corresponding to the alkyl group-containing group and the compatible group measured by infrared spectroscopy (IR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).

[0038] The siloxane compound SQ can be exemplified by polymer compounds called silsesquioxanes having various skeletal structures. The siloxane compound SQ may have any of the following skeleton structures: a cage structure (a complete cage structure or a cage structure), a ladder structure, and a random structure.

[0039] In the structure A, n in the formula represents an integer of 2 or more, and from the viewpoint of high-temperature oil repellency, it preferably represents an integer of 8 or more, and more preferably represents an integer of 8 or more and 10,000 or less.

[0040] (Siloxane compound SQ content) From the viewpoint of improving oil repellency at high temperatures, the content of the siloxane compound in the film is preferably 3% by volume or more, more preferably 6% by volume or more, and even more preferably 10% by volume or more. However, the upper limit of the content of the siloxane compound in the film is preferably 50% by volume or less, and more preferably 30% by volume, from the viewpoint of the flex resistance of the resin.

[0041] (greasy) Examples of resins (hereinafter also referred to as "binder resins") include polyimide resins (PI resins), polyamideimide resins (PAI resins), polyetherketone resins (e.g., aromatic polyetheretherketone resins, etc.), polyphenylene sulfide resins (PPS resins), polyetherimide resins (PEI resins), polyester resins, polystyrene resins, polyamide resins, polycarbonate resins, silicone resins, polyethylene terephthalate resins (PET resins), and mixed resins thereof. Further, examples of the resin include chloroprene rubber, epichlorohydrin rubber, isoprene rubber, butyl rubber, polyurethane, silicone rubber, fluororubber, styrene-butadiene rubber, butadiene rubber, nitrile rubber (NBR), ethylene propylene rubber, ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymer rubber (EPDM), natural rubber, and mixed rubbers thereof.

[0042] The binder resin should be selected according to the intended use of the film. For example, when the film is applied to a single-layer intermediate transfer belt, the binder resin is preferably an imide-based resin (i.e., a resin containing a structural unit having an imide bond, preferably a polyimide resin), a polyether ether ketone (PEEK) resin, a silicone resin, or the like. For example, when the film is applied to the outermost layer of a fixing belt, the binder resin is preferably an imide-based resin (i.e., a resin containing a structural unit having an imide bond, preferably a polyimide resin), a polyether ether ketone (PEEK) resin, a silicone resin, or the like. In addition, the film according to the present embodiment preferably does not contain fluorine atoms. In other words, the film preferably does not contain a compound having a fluorine atom. Specifically, for example, it is preferable to use a resin that does not contain fluorine atoms (specifically, a resin other than a fluororesin) as a binder resin.

[0043] Here, polyimide will be described as a typical binder resin. Examples of polyimide resins include imidized products of polyamic acids (precursors of polyimide resins), which are polymers of tetracarboxylic dianhydrides and diamine compounds. An example of the polyimide resin is a resin having a structural unit represented by the following general formula (I).

[0044] [ka]

[0045] In general formula (I), R 1 represents a tetravalent organic group, R 2 represents a divalent organic group. R 1 Examples of the tetravalent organic group represented by the formula (1) include an aromatic group, an aliphatic group, a cyclic aliphatic group, a group in which an aromatic group and an aliphatic group are combined, and groups in which these groups are substituted. Specific examples of the tetravalent organic group include residues of tetracarboxylic dianhydrides, which will be described later. R 2 Examples of the divalent organic group represented by the formula (1) include an aromatic group, an aliphatic group, a cyclic aliphatic group, a group in which an aromatic group and an aliphatic group are combined, and a group in which these groups are substituted. Specific examples of the divalent organic group include residues of diamine compounds described below.

[0046] Specific examples of tetracarboxylic dianhydrides used as raw materials for polyimide resins include pyromellitic dianhydride, 3,3',4,4'-benzophenonetetracarboxylic dianhydride, 3,3',4,4'-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride, 2,3,3',4-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride, 2,3,6,7-naphthalenetetracarboxylic dianhydride, 1,2,5,6-naphthalenetetracarboxylic dianhydride, 1,4,5,8-naphthalenetetracarboxylic dianhydride, 2,2'-bis(3,4-dicarboxyphenyl)sulfonic dianhydride, perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic dianhydride, bis(3,4-dicarboxyphenyl)ether dianhydride, and ethylenetetracarboxylic dianhydride.

[0047] Specific examples of diamine compounds used as raw materials for polyimide resins include 4,4'-diaminodiphenyl ether, 4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane, 3,3'-diaminodiphenylmethane, 3,3'-dichlorobenzidine, 4,4'-diaminodiphenyl sulfide, 3,3'-diaminodiphenyl sulfone, 1,5-diaminonaphthalene, m-phenylenediamine, p-phenylenediamine, 3,3'-dimethyl 4,4'-biphenyldiamine, benzidine, and 3,3'-dimethyl Benzidine, 3,3'-dimethoxybenzidine, 4,4'-diaminodiphenyl sulfone, 4,4'-diaminodiphenylpropane, 2,4-bis(β-amino tert-butyl)toluene, bis(p-β-amino-tert-butylphenyl)ether, bis(p-β-methyl-δ-aminophenyl)benzene, bis-p-(1,1-dimethyl-5-amino-pentyl)benzene, 1-isopropyl-2,4-m-phenylenediamine, m-xylylenediamine, p-xylylenediamine, di(p -aminocyclohexyl)methane, hexamethylenediamine, heptamethylenediamine, octamethylenediamine, nonamethylenediamine, decamethylenediamine, diaminopropyltetradiamine, 3-methylheptamethylenediamine, 4,4-dimethylheptamethylenediamine, 2,11-diaminododecane, 1,2-bis-3-aminopropoxyethane, 2,2-dimethylpropylenediamine, 3-methoxyhexamethylenediamine, 2,5-dimethylheptamethylenediamine, Examples include 3-methylheptamethylenediamine, 5-methylnonamethylenediamine, 2,17-diaminoeicosadecane, 1,4-diaminocyclohexane, 1,10-diamino-1,10-dimethyldecane, 12-diaminooctadecane, 2,2-bis[4-(4-aminophenoxy)phenyl]propane, piperazine, H2N(CH2)3O(CH2)2O(CH2)NH2, H2N(CH2)3S(CH2)3NH2, and H2N(CH2)3N(CH3)2(CH2)3NH2.

[0048] The resin content is the amount that constitutes the main component of the film. Here, the amount that constitutes the main component of the film means the amount of the component that is present in the largest amount among the components contained in the film.

[0049] (Other additives) Other additives include well-known additives such as conductive agents, reinforcing agents, antioxidants, surfactants, and heat aging inhibitors, depending on the application of the film.

[0050] Here, a conductive agent will be described as a representative additive. Examples of conductive agents include carbon black, metals (e.g., aluminum and nickel), metal oxides (e.g., yttrium oxide and tin oxide), carbon nanotubes, and ion-conductive substances (e.g., potassium titanate and LiCl), among which carbon black is preferred. These conductive agents may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

[0051] Examples of carbon black include ketjen black, oil furnace black, channel black (i.e., gas black), acetylene black, etc. Carbon black having a treated surface (hereinafter also referred to as "surface-treated carbon black") may be used. Surface-treated carbon black can be obtained by imparting, for example, a carboxy group, a quinone group, a lactone group, a hydroxy group, etc. to its surface. Examples of the surface treatment method include an air oxidation method in which the carbon black is reacted by contacting with air in a high-temperature atmosphere, a method in which the carbon black is reacted with nitrogen oxides or ozone at room temperature (e.g., 22°C), and a method in which the carbon black is oxidized with air in a high-temperature atmosphere and then oxidized with ozone at a low temperature.

[0052] Among these, channel black is preferable as the conductive agent, and acidic carbon black having a pH of 5.0 or less is particularly preferable. Examples of acidic carbon black include carbon black whose surface has been subjected to an oxidation treatment, such as carbon black obtained by providing a carboxyl group, a quinone group, a lactone group, a hydroxyl group, or the like to the surface. As the acidic carbon black, from the viewpoint of improving transferability to textured paper, a carbon black having a pH of 4.5 or less is preferred, a more preferred acidic carbon black having a pH of 4.0 or less, an even more preferred acidic carbon black having a pH of 3.0 or less, an especially preferred acidic carbon black having a pH of 2.0 to 3.0, and an extremely preferred acidic carbon black having a pH of 2.0 to 2.8. The pH of the acidic carbon black is a value measured by the pH measurement method specified in JIS Z8802 (2011).

[0053] The content of the conductive agent in the film is preferably 10% by mass or more and 50% by mass or less, more preferably 12% by mass or more and 40% by mass or less, even more preferably 14% by mass or more and 30% by mass or less, and particularly preferably 15% by mass or more and 20% by mass or less.

[0054] The peel strength of the surface of the film according to this embodiment at 140° C. is preferably 24 kPa or less, more preferably 18 kPa or less, and even more preferably 15 kPa or less. When the peel strength at 140° C. of the surface of the film according to this embodiment is within the above range, the film has high oil repellency even in a high temperature environment.

[0055] Here, the peel strength of the film surface at 140° C. is measured as follows. First, prepare A4 size paper (manufactured by Fujifilm Business Innovation Co., Ltd.) as a preliminary preparation, and prepare a test paper with a 100% black image printed on the entire surface using a copier (ApeosPort-V C3375) manufactured by Fujifilm Business Innovation Co., Ltd. Also, take a sample piece of 1 cm x 1 cm square from the film to be measured. Next, the surface of the sample piece is attached to the probe of a tack tester (TA-500, manufactured by UBM) heated to 140°C, and the sample is approached to the test paper at a speed of 0.1 mm / s and pressed against the image surface of the test paper. After that, the sample is held at a pressure of 3900 gf for 10 s and then lifted up at a lifting speed of 10 mm / s to measure the peel force.

[0056] <Materials> The member according to this embodiment has the film according to this embodiment as a layer that constitutes the outer peripheral surface. The member according to this embodiment may be either a single-layer member of the film according to the above-mentioned embodiment, or a member in which the film according to the above-mentioned embodiment is provided on a substrate.

[0057] When the member according to the present embodiment is applied to an intermediate transfer body for an electrophotographic image forming apparatus, the member can be a single layer of the film according to the present embodiment, or a laminate having the film as the outermost layer. In the laminate, layers other than the film (for example, a base layer on which the film is provided, an elastic layer provided between the film and the base layer, etc.) can be well-known layers provided in intermediate transfer bodies.

[0058] When the member according to the present embodiment is applied to a fixing member (heating member, pressure member, sliding member, etc.) for an electrophotographic image forming apparatus, the member may have a substrate, an elastic layer provided on the substrate, and a release layer provided on the elastic layer and composed of the film according to the present embodiment. The substrate and elastic layer may be a well-known substrate and elastic layer provided as a fixing member. The fixing member may also have a well-known metal heating layer for electromagnetic induction heating between the substrate and the elastic layer.

[0059] Examples of members according to the present embodiment include intermediate transfer members, fixing members, and also paper transport members for electrophotographic image forming apparatuses.

[0060] <Transfer device> The transfer device according to this embodiment is an intermediate transfer member having an outer peripheral surface on which a toner image is transferred; a primary transfer device that primarily transfers a toner image formed on a surface of an image carrier onto a surface of an intermediate transfer body; a secondary transfer device that secondarily transfers the toner image transferred onto the surface of the intermediate transfer body onto the surface of a recording medium; Equipped with.

[0061] (Primary transfer device) In the primary transfer device, the primary transfer member is disposed opposite to the image carrier with the intermediate transfer belt interposed therebetween. In the primary transfer device, the primary transfer member applies a voltage of a polarity opposite to the charge polarity of the toner to the intermediate transfer belt, thereby primarily transferring the toner image to the outer peripheral surface of the intermediate transfer member.

[0062] (Secondary transfer device) In the secondary transfer device, the secondary transfer member is disposed on the toner image carrying side of the intermediate transfer body. The secondary transfer device includes, for example, a backing member disposed on the opposite side of the intermediate transfer body to the toner image carrying side together with the secondary transfer member. In the secondary transfer device, the intermediate transfer body and the recording medium are sandwiched between the secondary transfer member and the backing member to form a transfer electric field, whereby the toner image on the intermediate transfer body is secondarily transferred to the recording medium. The secondary transfer member may be a secondary transfer roll or a secondary transfer belt. The backing member may be, for example, a backing roll.

[0063] The transfer device according to the present embodiment may be a transfer device that transfers a toner image onto a surface of a recording medium via multiple intermediate transfer bodies. In other words, the transfer device may be, for example, a transfer device that performs primary transfer of a toner image from an image carrier to a first intermediate transfer body, and then performs secondary transfer of the toner image from the first intermediate transfer body to a second intermediate transfer body, and then performs tertiary transfer of the toner image from the second intermediate transfer body to a recording medium. The transfer device applies an intermediate transfer body made of the member according to the present embodiment to at least one of a plurality of intermediate transfer bodies.

[0064] <Fixing material> The fixing member according to the present embodiment is A first rotating body and a second rotating body arranged in contact with an outer surface of the first rotating body, At least one of the first rotating body and the second rotating body is configured from the member according to the present embodiment.

[0065] Below, the fixing device according to this embodiment will be described in the following manner: as a first embodiment, a fixing device equipped with a heating roll and a pressure belt; as a second embodiment, a fixing device equipped with a heating belt and a heating roll; and as a third embodiment, a fixing device using an electromagnetic induction heating method equipped with a heating belt and a heating roll. The fixing device according to the present embodiment is not limited to the first to third embodiments, and may be a fixing device including a heating roll or a heating belt and a pressure belt. In the fixing device according to this embodiment, the member according to this embodiment may be applied to any of the pressure roll, the heating belt, the pressure roll, and the pressure belt.

[0066] (First embodiment of fixing device) A first embodiment of the fixing device will be described with reference to Fig. 1. Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the first embodiment of the fixing device (that is, fixing device 60).

[0067] As shown in FIG. 1, the fixing device 60 is configured to include, for example, a rotating heating roll 61 (an example of a first rotating body), a pressure belt 62 (an example of a second rotating body), and a pressure pad 64 (an example of a pressing member) that presses the heating roll 61 via the pressure belt 62. The pressing pad 64 may be configured to press the pressure belt 62 and the heating roll 61 relatively. Therefore, the pressure belt 62 side may be pressed against the heating roll 61, or the heating roll 61 side may be pressed against the pressure belt 62.

[0068] A halogen lamp 66 (an example of a heating device) is disposed inside the heating roll 61. The heating device is not limited to a halogen lamp, and other heat-generating members may be used.

[0069] On the other hand, for example, a temperature sensing element 69 is disposed in contact with the surface of the heating roll 61 . Based on the temperature measurement value by this temperature sensor 69, the lighting of the halogen lamp 66 is controlled, and the surface temperature of the heating roll 61 is maintained at a target set temperature (for example, 150° C.).

[0070] The pressure belt 62 is rotatably supported by, for example, a pressure pad 64 and a belt running guide 63 disposed inside the pressure belt 62. The pressure belt 62 is disposed so as to be pressed against the heating roll 61 by the pressure pad 64 in a sandwiching region N (nip portion).

[0071] The pressure pad 64 is disposed, for example, inside the pressure belt 62 in a state where it is pressed by the heating roll 61 via the pressure belt 62, and forms a sandwiching region N between the pressure pad 64 and the heating roll 61. The pressure pad 64, for example, has a front clamping member 64a arranged on the entrance side of the clamping area N to ensure a wide clamping area N, and a peeling clamping member 64b arranged on the exit side of the clamping area N to impart distortion to the heating roll 61.

[0072] In order to reduce the sliding resistance between the inner circumferential surface of the pressure belt 62 and the pressure pad 64, for example, a sheet-like sliding member 68 is provided on the surfaces of the front clamping member 64a and the peeling clamping member 64b that come into contact with the pressure belt 62. The pressure pad 64 and the sliding member 68 are held by a holding member 65 made of metal. The sliding member 68 is provided, for example, so that its sliding surface comes into contact with the inner circumferential surface of the pressure belt 62 , and is involved in the retention and supply of oil present between the sliding member 68 and the pressure belt 62 .

[0073] For example, a belt running guide 63 is attached to the holding member 65, and the pressure belt 62 rotates.

[0074] The heating roll 61 is rotated in the direction of arrow S by, for example, a drive motor (not shown), and the pressure belt 62 is driven by this rotation to rotate in the direction of arrow R, which is opposite to the rotation direction of the heating roll 61. That is, for example, while the heating roll 61 rotates in the clockwise direction in FIG. 1, the pressure belt 62 rotates in the counterclockwise direction.

[0075] Then, the paper K (an example of a recording medium) having the unfixed toner image thereon is guided, for example, by the fixing entrance guide 56 and conveyed to the pinch region N. Then, when the paper K passes through the pinch region N, the unfixed toner image on the paper K is fixed by the pressure and heat acting on the pinch region N.

[0076] In the fixing device 60, for example, the front pinch member 64a having a concave shape conforming to the outer circumferential surface of the heating roll 61 ensures a wider pinch region N than in a configuration without the front pinch member 64a.

[0077] In addition, in the fixing device 60, for example, by arranging the peeling and pinching member 64b so as to protrude from the outer circumferential surface of the heating roll 61, the distortion of the heating roll 61 is locally increased in the exit area of ​​the pinching region N.

[0078] By arranging the peeling and pinching member 64b in this manner, for example, when the paper K after fixing passes through the peeling and pinching area, it passes through a locally large distortion, making it easier for the paper K to peel off from the heating roll 61.

[0079] As an auxiliary device for peeling, for example, a peeling member 70 is disposed downstream of the pinching region N of the heating roll 61. The peeling member 70 is held by a holding member 72 in a state in which a peeling claw 71 is adjacent to the heating roll 61 in a direction opposite to the rotation direction of the heating roll 61 (counter direction), for example.

[0080] (Second embodiment of fixing device) A second embodiment of the fixing device will be described with reference to Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the second embodiment of the fixing device (that is, fixing device 80).

[0081] 2, the fixing device 80 includes, for example, a fixing belt module 86 equipped with a heating belt 84 (an example of a first rotating body), and a pressure roll 88 (an example of a second rotating body) arranged to press against the heating belt 84 (fixing belt module 86). For example, a pinch region N (nip portion) is formed at the contact portion between the heating belt 84 (fixing belt module 86) and the pressure roll 88. In the pinch region N, a sheet K (an example of a recording medium) is pressurized and heated, and a toner image is fixed.

[0082] The fixing belt module 86 includes, for example, an endless heating belt 84, a heating pressure roll 89 around which the heating belt 84 is wound on the pressure roll 88 side and which is rotated by the rotational force of a motor (not shown) and presses the heating belt 84 from its inner surface against the pressure roll 88 side, and a support roll 90 which supports the heating belt 84 from the inside at a position different from the heating pressure roll 89. The fixing belt module 86 includes, for example, a support roll 92 arranged on the outside of the heating belt 84 to define its rotational path, a posture correction roll 94 to correct the posture of the heating belt 84 from the heating pressure roll 89 to the support roll 90, and a support roll 98 to apply tension to the heating belt 84 from its inner surface downstream of the clamping area N formed by the heating belt 84 and the pressure roll 88.

[0083] The fixing belt module 86 is provided, for example, between the heating belt 84 and the heating pressure roll 89 so that a sheet-like sliding member 82 is interposed. The sliding member 82 is provided, for example, so that its sliding surface comes into contact with the inner circumferential surface of the heating belt 84 , and is involved in the retention and supply of oil present between the sliding member 82 and the heating belt 84 . Here, the sliding member 82 is provided in a state in which both ends thereof are supported by supporting members 96, for example.

[0084] Inside the heating and pressing roll 89, for example, a halogen heater 89A (one example of a heating device) is provided.

[0085] The support roll 90 is, for example, a cylindrical roll made of aluminum, and has a halogen heater 90A (an example of a heating device) disposed therein so as to heat the heating belt 84 from the inner circumferential surface side. At both ends of the support roll 90, for example, spring members (not shown) are provided to press the heating belt 84 outward.

[0086] The support roll 92 is a cylindrical roll made of, for example, aluminum, and a release layer made of resin and having a thickness of 20 μm is formed on the surface of the support roll 92 . The release layer of the support roll 92 is formed, for example, to prevent toner and paper powder from the outer circumferential surface of the heating belt 84 from accumulating on the support roll 92 . Inside the support roll 92, for example, a halogen heater 92A (an example of a heating device) is disposed, and the heating belt 84 is heated from the outer circumferential surface side.

[0087] That is, for example, the heating belt 84 is heated by a heating pressure roll 89 and a supporting roll 90 and a supporting roll 92 .

[0088] The posture correction roll 94 is, for example, a cylindrical roll made of aluminum. In the vicinity of the posture correction roll 94, an end position measuring mechanism (not shown) for measuring the end position of the heating belt 84 is provided. (shown in the figure) are placed. The posture correction roll 94 is provided with, for example, an axial displacement mechanism (not shown) that displaces the contact position in the axial direction of the heating belt 84 in accordance with the measurement results of the end position measuring mechanism, and is configured to control the meandering of the heating belt 84.

[0089] On the other hand, the pressure roll 88 is, for example, supported rotatably and is provided so as to be pressed against the portion where the heating belt 84 is wound around the heating pressure roll 89 by a biasing device such as a spring (not shown). As a result, as the heating belt 84 (heating pressure roll 89) of the fixing belt module 86 rotates in the direction of arrow S, the pressure roll 88 rotates in the direction of arrow R, following the heating belt 84 (heating pressure roll 89).

[0090] Then, the paper K having an unfixed toner image (not shown) is transported in the direction of arrow P and guided to a pinch area N of the fixing device 80. Then, when the paper K passes through the pinch area N, the unfixed toner image on the paper K is fixed by pressure and heat acting on the pinch area N.

[0091] In the fixing device 80, a form in which a halogen heater (halogen lamp) is applied as an example of a plurality of heating devices has been described, but the present invention is not limited to this, and a radiant lamp heating element (a heating element that emits radiation (infrared rays, etc.)) other than a halogen heater, or a resistive heating element (a heating element that generates Joule heat by passing a current through a resistor: for example, a film having resistance formed on a ceramic substrate and then fired) may also be applied.

[0092] (Third embodiment of fixing device) A fixing device according to a third embodiment will be described with reference to Fig. 3. Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the fixing device according to the third embodiment (that is, fixing device 200).

[0093] As shown in FIG. 3, fixing device 200 is an electromagnetic induction type fixing device including belt 220 having a metal layer. In the fixing device 200, a pressure roll (pressure member) 211 is disposed so as to pressurize a part of the belt 220, and from the viewpoint of efficient fixing, a contact area (nip) is formed between the belt 220 and the pressure roll 211, and the belt 220 is curved in a shape that follows the circumferential surface of the pressure roll 211. Also, from the viewpoint of ensuring the peelability of the recording medium, a bent portion where the belt is bent is formed at the end of the contact area (nip).

[0094] The pressure roll 211 is configured such that an elastic layer 211B made of silicone rubber or the like is formed on a base material 211A, and a release layer 211C is further formed on the elastic layer 211B.

[0095] An opposing member 213 is disposed on the inner side of the belt 220 at a position opposing the pressure roll 211. The opposing member 213 is made of metal, heat-resistant resin, heat-resistant rubber, or the like, and has a pad 213B that comes into contact with the inner circumferential surface of the belt 220 to locally increase pressure, and a support 213A that supports the pad 213B.

[0096] An electromagnetic induction heating device 212 incorporating an electromagnetic induction coil (excitation coil) 212a is provided at a position facing the pressure roll 211 (an example of a pressure member) with the belt 220 at the center. The electromagnetic induction heating device 212 applies an alternating current to the electromagnetic induction coil, thereby changing the generated magnetic field with an excitation circuit and generating an eddy current in a metal layer (not shown) of the belt 220 (for example, an electromagnetic induction metal layer). This eddy current is converted into heat (Joule heat) by the electrical resistance of the metal layer (not shown), and as a result, the surface of the belt 220 generates heat. The position of the electromagnetic induction heating device 212 is not limited to the position shown in FIG. 3, and may be installed, for example, on the upstream side of the contact area of ​​the belt 220 in the rotation direction B, or may be installed on the inside of the belt 220.

[0097] In the fixing device 200, a driving force is transmitted from a driving device to a gear fixed to the end of the belt 220, causing the belt 220 to rotate by itself in the direction of arrow B, and as the belt 220 rotates, the pressure roll 211 rotates in the opposite direction, i.e., in the direction of arrow C. The recording medium 215 on which the unfixed toner image 214 is formed is passed through a contact area (nip) between the belt 220 and the pressure roll 211 in the fixing device 200 in the direction of arrow A, and the unfixed toner image 214 is fixed to the recording medium 215 by applying pressure to the molten toner image 214.

[0098] <Image forming device> Next, the image forming apparatus according to the present embodiment will be described. The image forming apparatus according to the present embodiment includes: The image carrier includes an image holder, a charging device that charges the surface of the image carrier, an electrostatic latent image forming device that forms an electrostatic latent image on the surface of the charged image carrier, a developing device that contains a developer containing toner and uses the developer to develop the electrostatic latent image formed on the surface of the image carrier to form a toner image, a transfer device that transfers the toner image to the surface of a recording medium, and a fixing device that fixes the toner image to the surface of the recording medium. As the transfer device, the transfer device according to this embodiment is applied. As the fixing device, the fixing device according to the present embodiment is applied.

[0099] Here, in the image forming apparatus according to the present embodiment, the transfer device and the fixing device may each be made into a cartridge so as to be detachably attached to the image forming apparatus, i.e., the image forming apparatus according to the present embodiment may each include the transfer device according to the present embodiment and the fixing device according to the present embodiment as components of a process cartridge.

[0100] Hereinafter, an image forming apparatus according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the image forming apparatus according to the present embodiment.

[0101] 4, the image forming apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment is, for example, an intermediate transfer type image forming apparatus generally called a tandem type, and includes a plurality of image forming units 1Y, 1M, 1C, and 1K in which toner images of each color component are formed by an electrophotographic method, a primary transfer section 10 that sequentially transfers (primary transfer) the toner images of each color component formed by each image forming unit 1Y, 1M, 1C, and 1K onto an intermediate transfer belt 15, a secondary transfer section 20 that collectively transfers (secondary transfer) the superimposed toner images transferred onto the intermediate transfer belt 15 onto a recording medium, paper K, and a fixing device 60 that fixes the secondarily transferred image onto the paper K. The image forming apparatus 100 also has a control section 40 that controls the operation of each device (each section).

[0102] Each of the image forming units 1Y, 1M, 1C, and 1K of the image forming apparatus 100 includes a photoconductor 11 that rotates in the direction of arrow A as an example of an image carrier that carries a toner image formed on its surface.

[0103] Around the photoconductor 11, there is provided a charger 12 as an example of a charging device that charges the photoconductor 11, and there is provided a laser exposure device 13 (the exposure beam is indicated by the symbol Bm in the figure) as an example of an electrostatic latent image forming device that writes an electrostatic latent image on the photoconductor 11.

[0104] In addition, around the photoconductor 11, there is provided a developing device 14 as an example of a developing device, which contains toner of each color component and makes the electrostatic latent image on the photoconductor 11 visible using the toner, and there is provided a primary transfer roll 16 which transfers the toner image of each color component formed on the photoconductor 11 to an intermediate transfer belt 15 at the primary transfer section 10.

[0105] Furthermore, a photoreceptor cleaner 17 that removes residual toner on the photoreceptor 11 is provided around the photoreceptor 11, and electrophotographic devices including a charger 12, a laser exposure device 13, a developer 14, a primary transfer roll 16, and the photoreceptor cleaner 17 are sequentially arranged along the rotation direction of the photoreceptor 11. These image forming units 1Y, 1M, 1C, and 1K are arranged in a substantially linear fashion in the order of yellow (Y), magenta (M), cyan (C), and black (K) from the upstream side of the intermediate transfer belt 15.

[0106] The intermediate transfer belt 15, which is an intermediate transfer body, is a film-like pressure belt that has a base layer of resin such as polyimide or polyamide and contains an appropriate amount of antistatic agent such as carbon black. 6 Ωcm or more 10 14 It is formed to have a resistivity of Ωcm or less, and its thickness is, for example, about 0.1 mm.

[0107] The intermediate transfer belt 15 is driven (rotated) in a circular manner by various rolls at a speed suited to the purpose in the direction B shown in Fig. 4. The various rolls include a drive roll 31 driven by a motor (not shown) excellent in constant speed performance to rotate the intermediate transfer belt 15, a support roll 32 supporting the intermediate transfer belt 15 extending in a substantially straight line along the arrangement direction of the photoconductors 11, a tensioning roll 33 that applies tension to the intermediate transfer belt 15 and functions as a correction roll to prevent the intermediate transfer belt 15 from meandering, a back roll 25 provided in the secondary transfer unit 20, and a cleaning back roll 34 provided in a cleaning unit that scrapes off residual toner on the intermediate transfer belt 15.

[0108] The primary transfer section 10 is composed of a primary transfer roll 16 arranged opposite the photoconductor 11 with an intermediate transfer belt 15 sandwiched therebetween. The primary transfer roll 16 is composed of a core body and a sponge layer as an elastic layer fixed to the periphery of the core body. The core body is a cylindrical rod made of a metal such as iron or SUS. The sponge layer is formed of a blend rubber of NBR, SBR and EPDM mixed with a conductive agent such as carbon black, and has a volume resistivity of 10 7.5 Ωcm or more 10 8.5 It is a sponge-like cylindrical roll with a surface resistance of less than Ωcm.

[0109] The primary transfer roll 16 is arranged in pressure contact with the photoconductor 11 with the intermediate transfer belt 15 sandwiched therebetween, and furthermore, a voltage (primary transfer bias) of the opposite polarity to the charge polarity of the toner (negative polarity; the same applies below) is applied to the primary transfer roll 16. As a result, the toner images on the photoconductors 11 are electrostatically attracted to the intermediate transfer belt 15 in sequence, and superimposed toner images are formed on the intermediate transfer belt 15.

[0110] The secondary transfer unit 20 includes a back roll 25 and a secondary transfer roll 22 that is disposed on the toner image bearing surface side of the intermediate transfer belt 15 .

[0111] The back roll 25 is made of a tube of EPDM and NBR blend rubber with carbon dispersed on the surface, and the inside is made of EPDM rubber. 7 Ω / □ or more 10 10 The hardness is set to, for example, 70° (Asker C: manufactured by Kobunshi Keiki Co., Ltd., the same applies below.) The back roll 25 is disposed on the back side of the intermediate transfer belt 15 to constitute an opposing electrode of the secondary transfer roll 22, and is in contact with a metallic power supply roll 26 to which a secondary transfer bias is stably applied.

[0112] On the other hand, the secondary transfer roll 22 is composed of a core body and a sponge layer as an elastic layer fixed around the core body. The core body is a cylindrical rod made of a metal such as iron or SUS. The sponge layer is made of a blend rubber of NBR, SBR and EPDM mixed with a conductive agent such as carbon black, and has a volume resistivity of 10 7.5 Ωcm or more 10 8.5 It is a sponge-like cylindrical roll with a surface resistance of less than Ωcm.

[0113] The secondary transfer roll 22 is placed in pressure contact with the back roll 25 with the intermediate transfer belt 15 sandwiched therebetween, and further, the secondary transfer roll 22 is grounded to form a secondary transfer bias between the secondary transfer roll 22 and the back roll 25, thereby secondarily transferring the toner image onto the paper K transported to the secondary transfer section 20.

[0114] In addition, downstream of the secondary transfer section 20 of the intermediate transfer belt 15, an intermediate transfer belt cleaner 35 that removes residual toner and paper dust on the intermediate transfer belt 15 after the secondary transfer and cleans the surface of the intermediate transfer belt 15 is provided so as to be freely movable toward and away from the intermediate transfer belt 15.

[0115] The intermediate transfer belt 15, the primary transfer section 10 (the primary transfer roll 16), and the secondary transfer section 20 (the secondary transfer roll 22) correspond to an example of a transfer device.

[0116] Meanwhile, upstream of the yellow image forming unit 1Y, there is provided a reference sensor (home position sensor) 42 that generates a reference signal that serves as a reference for timing image formation in each of the image forming units 1Y, 1M, 1C, and 1K. This reference sensor 42 generates a reference signal by recognizing a mark provided on the back side of the intermediate transfer belt 15, and each of the image forming units 1Y, 1M, 1C, and 1K is configured to start image formation in response to an instruction from the control unit 40 based on the recognition of this reference signal. Further, an image density sensor 43 for adjusting image quality is disposed downstream of the black image forming unit 1K.

[0117] Furthermore, in the image forming apparatus according to this embodiment, as a transport device for transporting paper K, there are provided a paper storage section 50 for storing paper K, a paper feed roll 51 for taking out and transporting paper K accumulated in the paper storage section 50 at a predetermined timing, a transport roll 52 for transporting paper K fed by the paper feed roll 51, a transport guide 53 for sending paper K transported by the transport roll 52 to the secondary transfer section 20, a transport belt 55 for transporting paper K transported after secondary transfer by the secondary transfer roll 22 to the fixing device 60, and a fixing entrance guide 56 for guiding paper K to the fixing device 60.

[0118] Next, a basic image forming process of the image forming apparatus according to this embodiment will be described. In the image forming apparatus of this embodiment, image data output from an image reading device (not shown) or a personal computer (PC) (not shown), etc., is subjected to image processing by an image processing device (not shown), and then image formation work is performed by image forming units 1Y, 1M, 1C, and 1K.

[0119] The image processing device performs image processing on the input image data, such as shading correction, positional deviation correction, brightness / color space conversion, gamma correction, and various image editing such as frame erasure, color editing, and movement editing. The image data that has undergone image processing is converted into color material gradation data of four colors, Y, M, C, and K, and is output to the laser exposure device 13.

[0120] In the laser exposure device 13, an exposure beam Bm emitted from, for example, a semiconductor laser is irradiated onto the photoconductor 11 of each of the image forming units 1Y, 1M, 1C, and 1K in accordance with the input color material gradation data. In each of the photoconductors 11 of the image forming units 1Y, 1M, 1C, and 1K, the surface is charged by the charger 12, and then the surface is scanned and exposed by the laser exposure device 13 to form an electrostatic latent image. The formed electrostatic latent image is developed into a toner image of each color of Y, M, C, and K by each of the image forming units 1Y, 1M, 1C, and 1K.

[0121] The toner images formed on the photoconductors 11 of the image forming units 1Y, 1M, 1C, and 1K are transferred onto the intermediate transfer belt 15 in the primary transfer section 10 where each photoconductor 11 comes into contact with the intermediate transfer belt 15. More specifically, in the primary transfer section 10, a voltage (primary transfer bias) of the opposite polarity to the charging polarity (negative polarity) of the toner is applied to the base material of the intermediate transfer belt 15 by the primary transfer roll 16, and the toner images are sequentially superimposed on the surface of the intermediate transfer belt 15 to perform the primary transfer.

[0122] After the toner images are sequentially primarily transferred onto the surface of the intermediate transfer belt 15, the intermediate transfer belt 15 moves to transport the toner images to the secondary transfer unit 20. When the toner images are transported to the secondary transfer unit 20, in the transport device, the paper feed roll 51 rotates in accordance with the timing at which the toner images are transported to the secondary transfer unit 20, and paper K of the desired size is supplied from the paper storage unit 50. The paper K supplied by the paper feed roll 51 is transported by the transport roll 52 and reaches the secondary transfer unit 20 via the transport guide 53. Before reaching the secondary transfer unit 20, the paper K is temporarily stopped, and a positioning roll (not shown) rotates in accordance with the movement timing of the intermediate transfer belt 15 on which the toner images are held, thereby aligning the position of the paper K with the position of the toner image.

[0123] In the secondary transfer section 20, the secondary transfer roll 22 is pressed against the back roll 25 via the intermediate transfer belt 15. At this time, the paper K, which has been transported in time, is sandwiched between the intermediate transfer belt 15 and the secondary transfer roll 22. At this time, when a voltage (secondary transfer bias) of the same polarity as the charging polarity (negative polarity) of the toner is applied from the power supply roll 26, a transfer electric field is formed between the secondary transfer roll 22 and the back roll 25. Then, the unfixed toner images held on the intermediate transfer belt 15 are electrostatically transferred collectively onto the paper K in the secondary transfer section 20, which is pressed by the secondary transfer roll 22 and the back roll 25.

[0124] Thereafter, the paper K onto which the toner image has been electrostatically transferred is transported as it is after being peeled off from the intermediate transfer belt 15 by the secondary transfer roll 22, and is transported to a transport belt 55 provided downstream of the secondary transfer roll 22 in the paper transport direction. The transport belt 55 transports the paper K to the fixing device 60 at an optimal transport speed for the fixing device 60. The unfixed toner image on the paper K transported to the fixing device 60 is fixed onto the paper K by being subjected to a fixing process using heat and pressure by the fixing device 60. The paper K on which the fixed image has been formed is then transported to an ejected paper storage section (not shown) provided in the ejection section of the image forming apparatus.

[0125] On the other hand, after the transfer to the paper K is completed, the residual toner remaining on the intermediate transfer belt 15 is transported to the cleaning section as the intermediate transfer belt 15 rotates, and is removed from the intermediate transfer belt 15 by the cleaning back roll 34 and the intermediate transfer belt cleaner 35.

[0126] Although the present embodiment has been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various modifications, changes, and improvements are possible. EXAMPLES

[0127] The present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to examples, although the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

[0128] <Examples 1 to 2, and Examples 8 to 9: Examples in which the resin is silicone rubber> A coating solution was prepared by adding the type of siloxane compound shown in Table 1 to liquid silicone rubber (X34-2086, Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd., ASK-C; 52°) in an amount that would result in the amount added in the film shown in Table 1. The obtained coating liquid was applied onto a metal plate and vulcanized to obtain a silicone rubber (SR) film.

[0129] <Example 3 and Comparative Examples 3 to 4: Examples in which the resin is a polycarbonate resin> The types of siloxane compounds shown in Table 1 were weighed out so that the amount added in the final film was as shown in Table 1, and dispersed in tetrahydrofuran (THF, Fujifilm Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) as a solvent by stirring with a stirrer tip to obtain a siloxane compound dispersion. At this time, THF was weighed out so that the solid content of the resin, siloxane compound, and THF described below was 15 mass%. Then, polycarbonate resin (TEIJIN, TS-2040) as a resin was weighed out so that the additive content was as shown in Table 1 for the siloxane compound dispersion, and stirring with a stirrer tip was performed to obtain a coating liquid. Then, the coating liquid was applied onto a metal plate, naturally dried, and then vacuum dried to obtain a polycarbonate resin (PC) film.

[0130] <Example 5 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2: Examples in which the resin is a polyimide resin> A coating solution was prepared by adding the types of siloxane compounds shown in Table 1 to a 1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone (DMI) solution (resin content: 20 mass%) of a polyimide precursor consisting of 3,3',4,4'-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride (BPDA) and p-phenylenediamine (PDA) in amounts such that the amounts added in the film were as shown in Table 1. The obtained coating liquid was applied onto a metal plate and vulcanized to obtain a polyimide resin (PI) film.

[0131] <Examples 4, 6 to 7: Examples in which the resin is polyethylene terephthalate resin> A film was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the resin was changed to polyethylene terephthalate resin (manufactured by Aldrich: Product 429252) and the amount of siloxane compound added (see Table 1) was changed.

[0132] <Evaluation> (Solubility parameter) According to the method already described, the difference (absolute value) in solubility parameter between the resin and structure A of the siloxane compound SQ (indicated as "difference in SP value between resin and SQ" in the table) was measured. (Surface Free Energy) According to the method already described, the surface free energy (indicated as "surface free energy E" in the table) of the surface of the film of each example was measured.

[0133] (peel strength) -initial- According to the method already described, the peel strength of the film surface of each example was measured at 140°C.

[0134] -After use- The film of each example was attached to a heated roll heated to 140° C., and rubbed against an opposing roll pressed with a load of 100 N for 30,000 revolutions to conduct an accelerated test of continuous use in a high-temperature environment. Thereafter, the peel strength at 140° C. of the surface of the film of each example was measured according to the method already described.

[0135] The abbreviations shown in Table 1 are as follows.

[0136] SQ1:[RSiO 1.5 ] n In structure A, at least one of the R's present in structure A is CH 17 Siloxane compound SQ in which at least one R is a compatible group (hydroxyl group) (specific compound name PSS-Trisilanol-isooctyl substituted: Aldrich 560391) SQ2:[RSiO 1.5 ] n In structure A, at least one of the R's present in structure A is CH 17Siloxane compound SQ in which at least one R is a compatible group (carboxyl group) (specific compound name PSS-Trisilanol-isooctyl substituted: Aldrich 560391 hydroxyl group is substituted with a carboxyl group) SQ3:[RSiO 1.5 ] n In structure A, among the multiple R's present in structure A, at least Siloxane compound SQ (specific compound name PSS-Trisilanol-isooctyl substituted: Aldrich 560391 hydroxyl group is replaced with amide group, C9H 17 (Replacement of the methyl group with the methyl group) SQ4: [RSiO 1.5 ] n In the structure A, at least one of the R's present in the structure A is a methyl group, and the siloxane compound SQ has no compatible group (specific compound name PSS-octamethyl substituted: Aldrich 526835).

[0137] [Table 1]

[0138] From the above results, it is apparent that the film of this example is superior in maintaining high oil repellency even when continuously used in a high temperature environment, as compared with the film of the comparative example. Furthermore, it can be seen that, compared to the film of the comparative example, the film of this embodiment can impart high oil repellency properties to the outer peripheral surface of a component, even in a high temperature environment, when used as a layer that constitutes the outer peripheral surface of the component.

[0139] The present embodiment includes the following aspects. (((1))) Resin and Formula: [RSiO 1.5 ] na siloxane compound having a structure A (wherein, R is an organic group, and n is an integer of 2 or more), in which at least one of the multiple Rs present in the structure A is a group containing an alkyl group, and the difference in solubility parameter (SP value) between the resin and the structure A is 3.0 or less in absolute value; Including, Surface free energy is 40mJ / m 2 The following films. (((2))) The difference in solubility parameter (SP value) between the resin and the structure A is 1.5 or less in absolute value, and the surface free energy is 35 mJ / m 2 A film as described in (((1))) below. (((3))) The film according to (((1))) or (((2))), wherein the content of the siloxane compound in the film is 3 volume % or more. (((4))) The film according to (((3))), wherein the content of the siloxane compound in the film is 6 volume % or more. (((5))) The film according to any one of (((1))) to (((4))), wherein the peel strength of the surface of the film at 140° C. is 24 kPa or less. (((6))) The film according to (((5))), wherein the peel strength of the surface of the film at 140° C. is 18 kPa or less. (((7))) A member having the film according to any one of (((1))) to (((6))) as a layer constituting an outer surface. (((8))) A first rotating body and a second rotating body arranged in contact with an outer surface of the first rotating body, A fixing device in which at least one of the first rotating body and the second rotating body is configured using the member described in (((7))). (((9))) An image carrier; a charging device for charging the surface of the image carrier; an electrostatic latent image forming device for forming an electrostatic latent image on a charged surface of the image carrier; a developing device that contains a developer containing a toner and develops an electrostatic latent image formed on the surface of the image carrier with the developer to form a toner image; a transfer device for transferring the toner image onto a surface of a recording medium; The fixing device according to (((8))) above, which fixes the toner image onto a surface of a recording medium; An image forming apparatus comprising: (((10))) an intermediate transfer body having an outer peripheral surface on which a toner image is transferred, the intermediate transfer body being constituted by the member described in (((7))); a primary transfer device for primarily transferring a toner image formed on a surface of an image carrier onto a surface of the intermediate transfer body; a secondary transfer device that secondarily transfers the toner image transferred onto the surface of the intermediate transfer body onto a surface of a recording medium; A transfer device comprising: (((11))) An image carrier; a charging device for charging the surface of the image carrier; an electrostatic latent image forming device for forming an electrostatic latent image on a charged surface of the image carrier; a developing device that contains a developer containing a toner and develops an electrostatic latent image formed on the surface of the image carrier with the developer to form a toner image; A transfer device according to (((10))) that transfers the toner image onto a surface of a recording medium; a fixing device for fixing the toner image onto a surface of a recording medium; An image forming apparatus comprising:

[0140] The advantages of the above aspect are as follows. According to the invention (((1))), a resin and a polymerizable compound having the formula: [RSiO 1.5 ] n and a siloxane compound having a structure A of the formula (wherein R is an organic group and n is an integer of 2 or more), in which at least one of the Rs present in the structure A is a group containing an alkyl group, and the difference in solubility parameter (SP value) between the resin and the structure A is an absolute value of more than 3.0; or a film containing a siloxane compound having a surface free energy of 40 mJ / m 2Compared to other films, it continues to work in high temperature environments. This provides a film that maintains high oil repellency even after use.

[0141] According to the invention of (((2))), a film is provided which is excellent in maintaining high oil repellency even when continuously used in a high temperature environment, compared to a case in which the difference in solubility parameter (SP value) between the resin and Structure A exceeds 35 in absolute value.

[0142] According to the invention related to (((3))), a film is provided which is excellent in maintaining high oil repellency even when continuously used in a high temperature environment, compared to a case in which the content of the siloxane compound in the film is less than 3 volume %. According to the invention related to (((4))), a film is provided which is excellent in maintaining high oil repellency even when continuously used in a high temperature environment, compared to a case in which the content of the siloxane compound in the film is less than 6 volume %. According to the invention (((5))), a film is provided which is excellent in maintaining high oil repellency even when used continuously in a high temperature environment, compared to a film surface having a peel strength of less than 24 kPa at 140°C. According to the invention (((6))), a film is provided which is excellent in maintaining high oil repellency even when used continuously in a high temperature environment, compared to a film surface having a peel strength of less than 18 kPa at 140°C.

[0143] According to the inventions (((7)), (((8)), (((9)), (((10))) and (((11))), a polymerizable composition comprising a resin and a polymerizable compound of the formula: [RSiO 1.5 ] n and a siloxane compound having a structure A (wherein, R is an organic group, and n is an integer of 2 or more), in which at least one of the R's present in the structure A is a group containing an alkyl group, and the difference in solubility parameter (SP value) between the resin and the structure A exceeds 3.0 in absolute value; or a film containing the same having a surface free energy of 40 mJ / m 2The present invention provides a member that is excellent in maintaining high oil repellency even when used continuously in a high temperature environment compared to when a film exceeding this is applied, a transfer device and an image forming device that include an intermediate transfer body made of the member, and a fixing device and an image forming device that include a rotating body made of the member. [Explanation of symbols]

[0144] 60 Fixing device 62 Pressure Belt 63 Belt guide 64 Pressure Pad 64a Front clamping member 64b Peeling and clamping member 65 Retaining member 66 Halogen lamp 68 Sliding members 69 Thermosensor 70 Peeling member 71 Peeling Claw 72 Retaining member 80 Fixing device 82 Sliding member 84 Heating Belt 86 Fuser Belt Module 88 Pressure Roll 89A halogen heater 89 Heated pressure roll 90A halogen heater 90 Support Roll 92A halogen heater 92 Support Roll 94 Posture Correction Roll 96 Support member 98 Support Roll 100 Image forming device 200 Fixing device 211 Pressure Roll 212 Electromagnetic induction heating device

Claims

1. Resin and Formula: [RSiO １．５ ] ｎ a siloxane compound having a structure A (wherein, R is an organic group, and n is an integer of 2 or more), in which at least one of the R's present in the structure A is a group containing an alkyl group, and the difference in solubility parameter (SP value) between the resin and the structure A is 3.0 or less in absolute value; Including, Surface free energy is 40 mJ / m ２ The following films.

2. The difference in solubility parameter (SP value) between the resin and the structure A is 1.5 or less in absolute value, and the surface free energy is 35 mJ / m ２ 2. The film of claim 1 ,

3. The film according to claim 1 , wherein the content of the siloxane compound in the film is 3% by volume or more.

4. The film according to claim 3 , wherein the content of the siloxane compound in the film is 6% by volume or more.

5. 2. The film according to claim 1, wherein the peel strength of the surface of the film at 140° C. is 24 kPa or less.

6. The film according to claim 5 , wherein the peel strength of the surface of the film at 140° C. is 18 kPa or less.

7. A member having the film according to any one of claims 1 to 6 as a layer constituting an outer surface thereof.

8. A first rotating body and a second rotating body arranged in contact with an outer surface of the first rotating body, A fixing device, wherein at least one of the first rotating body and the second rotating body is constituted by the member according to claim 7 .

9. An image carrier; a charging device for charging the surface of the image carrier; an electrostatic latent image forming device for forming an electrostatic latent image on a charged surface of the image carrier; a developing device that contains a developer containing a toner and develops an electrostatic latent image formed on the surface of the image carrier with the developer to form a toner image; a transfer device for transferring the toner image onto a surface of a recording medium; The fixing device according to claim 8 , which fixes the toner image onto a surface of a recording medium; An image forming apparatus comprising:

10. an intermediate transfer member having an outer peripheral surface onto which a toner image is transferred, the intermediate transfer member being configured as described in claim 7; a primary transfer device for primarily transferring a toner image formed on a surface of an image carrier onto a surface of the intermediate transfer body; a secondary transfer device that secondarily transfers the toner image transferred onto the surface of the intermediate transfer body onto a surface of a recording medium; A transfer device comprising:

11. An image carrier; a charging device for charging the surface of the image carrier; an electrostatic latent image forming device for forming an electrostatic latent image on a charged surface of the image carrier; a developing device that contains a developer containing a toner and develops an electrostatic latent image formed on the surface of the image carrier with the developer to form a toner image; A transfer device according to claim 10 for transferring the toner image onto a surface of a recording medium; a fixing device for fixing the toner image onto a surface of a recording medium; An image forming apparatus comprising:

Images