Carbon dioxide liquefaction system

Abstract

To provide a carbon dioxide liquefaction system which can minimize energy required for separation and liquefaction of carbon dioxide.SOLUTION: A carbon dioxide liquefaction system has a liquefied carbon dioxide drum 10, a liquefied carbon dioxide circulation line, a liquefied carbon dioxide pump 20, a liquefied carbon dioxide cooler 30, an ejector 40 which is disposed in a flow in the rear of the liquefied carbon dioxide pump 20 in the liquefied carbon dioxide circulation line and functions with liquefied carbon dioxide output from the liquefied carbon dioxide pump 20 as a drive fluid and carbon dioxide containing gas as a suction fluid, a carbon dioxide containing gas receiving line through which the ejector 40 receives the carbon dioxide containing gas, a liquefied carbon dioxide output line 78 which outputs liquefied carbon dioxide from the liquefied carbon dioxide drum 10 to the exterior, and a carbon dioxide separation membrane 50 which is disposed in carbon dioxide containing gas receiving lines 75, 81 and concentrates the carbon dioxide of the carbon dioxide containing gas.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a carbon dioxide liquefaction system for liquefying carbon dioxide. [Background technology]

[0002] There is a need for technology to liquefy gaseous carbon dioxide for the purpose of storage and transportation for CCS (Carbon dioxide Capture and Storage) and CCU (Carbon dioxide capture and utilization). Carbon dioxide can be liquefied at lower pressures at lower temperatures, so if it can be liquefied at low temperatures, the compression power required can be reduced, but a minimum pressure of 0.42 MPaG is required.

[0003] In this regard, Patent Document 1 discloses a technology for liquefying carbon dioxide by utilizing part of the cold energy of an air cryogenic separation unit. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] Patent No. 5932127 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] However, Patent Document 1 does not mention pressure, and so it is thought that the pressure is increased to at least 0.42 MPaG, and there is a process of compressing the carbon dioxide gas in the upstream. Generally, a compressor is used for such a compression process, but if the carbon dioxide gas is at atmospheric pressure, it needs to be compressed from atmospheric pressure to at least 0.42 MPaG, which requires a great deal of energy.

[0006] Furthermore, while CCS and CCU require a upstream process to separate carbon dioxide from combustion exhaust gases containing carbon dioxide, there is a need to reduce the energy required to capture carbon dioxide. Patent Document 1 does not disclose or suggest any technology that addresses such needs.

[0007] The present invention has been made to solve these problems, and has an object to provide a carbon dioxide liquefaction system that can minimize the energy required for separating and liquefying carbon dioxide. [Means for solving the problem]

[0008] (1) The carbon dioxide liquefaction system according to the present invention comprises: a liquefied carbon dioxide drum for storing the liquefied carbon dioxide; a liquefied carbon dioxide circulation line through which liquefied carbon dioxide circulates, the liquefied carbon dioxide drum being a starting point; a liquefied carbon dioxide pump that is disposed downstream of the liquefied carbon dioxide drum in the liquefied carbon dioxide circulation line and that pressurizes and discharges the liquefied carbon dioxide stored in the liquefied carbon dioxide drum; a liquefied carbon dioxide cooler that is disposed in the liquefied carbon dioxide circulation line and cools the liquefied carbon dioxide discharged by the liquefied carbon dioxide pump by heat exchange with a refrigerant; an ejector that is disposed downstream of the liquefied carbon dioxide pump in the liquefied carbon dioxide circulation line, and that uses the liquefied carbon dioxide discharged by the liquefied carbon dioxide pump as a driving fluid and a carbon dioxide-containing gas as a suction fluid; a carbon dioxide-containing gas receiving line that receives the carbon dioxide-containing gas into the ejector; a liquefied carbon dioxide discharge line that discharges the liquefied carbon dioxide from the liquefied carbon dioxide drum to the outside; and a carbon dioxide separation membrane disposed in the carbon dioxide-containing gas receiving line for concentrating carbon dioxide in the carbon dioxide-containing gas.

[0009] (2) In the above (1), the carbon dioxide-containing gas contains nitrogen and oxygen, a non-condensable gas discharge line for discharging nitrogen and oxygen accumulated in the gas layer of the liquefied carbon dioxide drum to the outside; a non-condensable gas discharge flow rate control valve disposed in the non-condensable gas discharge line for reducing the pressure and controlling the flow rate of the gas flowing through the non-condensable gas discharge line; and a second liquefied carbon dioxide cooler that is disposed in the liquefied carbon dioxide circulation line and cools the liquefied carbon dioxide with non-condensable gas that has passed through the non-condensable gas discharge flow rate control valve in the non-condensable gas discharge line.

[0010] (3) In the above (1) or (2), the carbon dioxide-containing gas contains nitrogen and oxygen, a non-condensable gas discharge line for discharging nitrogen and oxygen accumulated in the gas layer of the liquefied carbon dioxide drum to the outside; a non-condensable gas discharge flow rate control valve disposed in the non-condensable gas discharge line for reducing the pressure and controlling the flow rate of the gas flowing through the non-condensable gas discharge line; and a carbon dioxide-containing gas precooler that is disposed in the carbon dioxide-containing gas receiving line and precools the carbon dioxide-containing gas flowing through the carbon dioxide-containing gas receiving line by non-condensable gas that has passed through the non-condensable gas discharge flow rate control valve in the non-condensable gas discharge line. [Effects of the Invention]

[0011] In the present invention, an ejector is provided which is arranged downstream of the liquefied carbon dioxide pump in the liquefied carbon dioxide circulation line, and which uses the liquefied carbon dioxide discharged by the liquefied carbon dioxide pump as the driving fluid and the carbon dioxide-containing gas as the suction fluid, and the carbon dioxide-containing gas and liquefied carbon dioxide are mixed and liquefied in the ejector, so that carbon dioxide can be liquefied with minimal energy. In addition, a carbon dioxide separation membrane is provided in the carbon dioxide-containing gas receiving line, and the carbon dioxide-containing gas is passed through the carbon dioxide separation membrane and sucked into the ejector. This allows the pressure difference required for passage through the carbon dioxide separation membrane to be obtained by the suction force of the ejector, thereby reducing the energy required to separate carbon dioxide. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0012] [Figure 1] 1 is a schematic diagram showing a carbon dioxide liquefaction system according to a first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a carbon dioxide liquefaction system according to a second embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 3] FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing a carbon dioxide liquefaction system according to a third embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 4] FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing a carbon dioxide liquefaction system according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0013] [Embodiment 1] First, the configuration and functions of the first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The carbon dioxide liquefaction system 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention includes a liquefied carbon dioxide drum 10, a liquefied carbon dioxide pump 20, a liquefied carbon dioxide cooler 30, an ejector 40, and a carbon dioxide separation membrane 50.

[0014] The liquefied carbon dioxide drum 10 is a vertical cylindrical drum that temporarily stores the liquefied carbon dioxide received from the ejector outlet line 74 .

[0015] The liquefied carbon dioxide pump 20 is a centrifugal pump that receives liquefied carbon dioxide temporarily stored in the liquefied carbon dioxide drum 10 from a liquefied carbon dioxide pump inlet line 71, pressurizes the liquefied carbon dioxide, and discharges it to a liquefied carbon dioxide pump outlet line 72. The amount of pressure increase by the liquefied carbon dioxide pump 20 corresponds to the pressure loss in the system including the liquefied carbon dioxide cooler 30 and the ejector 40.

[0016] The liquefied carbon dioxide cooler 30 is a typical shell-and-tube heat exchanger, and cools the liquefied carbon dioxide received from the liquefied carbon dioxide pump outlet line 72 using a low-temperature refrigerant. The refrigerant is supplied from a refrigerant supply line 76 and is discharged to a refrigerant discharge line 77 after heat exchange.

[0017] The ejector 40 is a general ejector, which creates a reduced pressure state using liquefied carbon dioxide supplied from an ejector inlet line 73 as a driving fluid, and receives a carbon dioxide-containing gas from a carbon dioxide separation membrane outlet line 81 . After the ejector 40 , the liquefied carbon dioxide flows through the ejector outlet line 74 towards the liquefied carbon dioxide drum 10 .

[0018] The carbon dioxide separation membrane 50 is a membrane separation unit formed by stacking carbon dioxide separation membranes made of polymeric materials, and preferentially allows carbon dioxide to permeate from the carbon dioxide-containing gas supplied from the carbon dioxide separation membrane inlet line 75 and sends it to the carbon dioxide separation membrane outlet line 81. The carbon dioxide-containing gas is supplied to the carbon dioxide separation membrane 50 via the carbon dioxide separation membrane inlet line 75, and is sent to the carbon dioxide separation membrane outlet line 81 in a state where the carbon dioxide concentration is concentrated, and is received by the ejector 40. Therefore, the carbon dioxide separation membrane inlet line 75 and the carbon dioxide separation membrane outlet line 81 constitute the carbon dioxide-containing gas receiving line of the present invention.

[0019] Next, the operation of the carbon dioxide liquefaction system 1 according to this embodiment will be described. The carbon dioxide liquefaction system 1 circulates liquefied carbon dioxide within the system by operating the liquefied carbon dioxide pump 20 . Specifically, the liquefied carbon dioxide in the liquefied carbon dioxide drum 10 is sent to the liquefied carbon dioxide pump inlet line 71, passes through the liquefied carbon dioxide pump 20, the liquefied carbon dioxide pump outlet line 72, the liquefied carbon dioxide cooler 30, the ejector inlet line 73, the ejector 40 and the ejector outlet line 74, and is returned to the liquefied carbon dioxide drum 10. Therefore, the above-mentioned devices and lines constitute the liquefied carbon dioxide circulation line of the present invention. In the liquefied carbon dioxide drum 10, the liquefied carbon dioxide is stored at, for example, 0.9 MPaG and −50° C., and is pressurized by the liquefied carbon dioxide pump 20 to, for example, 1.6 MPaG.

[0020] The liquefied carbon dioxide pressurized by the liquefied carbon dioxide pump 20 is cooled in the liquefied carbon dioxide cooler 30 to a temperature range where it will not solidify, for example, -53°C, by a refrigerant supplied by cold heat generation equipment (e.g., a refrigerator) not shown.

[0021] The liquefied carbon dioxide cooled by the liquefied carbon dioxide cooler 30 is supplied to the ejector 40, and flows as a high-speed flow through the small diameter portion inside the ejector 40, thereby creating a reduced pressure state using Bernoulli's theorem.

[0022] As a result, the carbon dioxide separation membrane outlet line 81 is put into a reduced pressure state, which generates a pressure difference between the carbon dioxide separation membrane inlet line 75, which is the upstream line of the carbon dioxide separation membrane 50, and the carbon dioxide separation membrane outlet line 81, which is the upstream line, and generates a carbon dioxide permeability force in the carbon dioxide separation membrane 50. As a result, the carbon dioxide separation membrane 50 preferentially permeates carbon dioxide from a carbon dioxide-containing gas containing, for example, 10% carbon dioxide with nitrogen and oxygen as other excess gases, and discharges a gas containing 50% carbon dioxide to the carbon dioxide separation membrane outlet line 81. The gas that does not permeate the carbon dioxide separation membrane 50 is discharged to the outside as off-gas from the non-permeate gas discharge line 82.

[0023] Inside the ejector 40, the high-speed flow of liquefied carbon dioxide is mixed with a high-concentration carbon dioxide-containing gas supplied from the carbon dioxide separation membrane outlet line 81. As the diameter inside the ejector 40 expands and the flow rate decreases, the pressure of the mixed fluid that has passed through the small-diameter portion of the ejector 40 is restored to, for example, 0.9 MPaG, and the carbon dioxide gas in the mixed fluid is compressed, cooled, and condensed. Furthermore, nitrogen and oxygen are compressed and cooled as the pressure is restored. In this case, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and oxygen are compressed while coming into contact with the liquefied carbon dioxide and being cooled, and therefore the compression process of these gases is close to isothermal compression, resulting in high compression efficiency.

[0024] In the downstream of the ejector 40, liquefied carbon dioxide flows through the ejector outlet line 74 towards the liquefied carbon dioxide drum 10, but if there is carbon dioxide gas that has not been completely condensed inside the ejector 40, this will also be included, and uncondensed nitrogen and oxygen will also be included in the gaseous state, resulting in a multiphase flow.

[0025] The liquefied carbon dioxide that flows into the liquefied carbon dioxide drum 10 becomes saturated at 0.9 MPaG and separates into a gas layer and a liquid layer. The amount of carbon dioxide held in the system increases as carbon dioxide gas is supplied from the carbon dioxide separation membrane inlet line 75. As a result, liquefied carbon dioxide is discharged from the liquefied carbon dioxide drum 10 to the outside via the liquefied carbon dioxide discharge line 78 in an amount equal to the supplied carbon dioxide gas.

[0026] Furthermore, nitrogen and oxygen do not condense and therefore accumulate in the gas layer of the liquefied carbon dioxide drum 10. For this reason, the nitrogen and oxygen are discharged to the outside via the top gas discharge line 83 by opening the top gas discharge flow rate control valve 84. At this time, unliquefied carbon dioxide gas is also discharged to the outside because it is considered to be in a completely mixed state in the gas layer.

[0027] According to the carbon dioxide liquefaction system 1 of this embodiment, the reduced pressure created by the ejector 40 can be used to concentrate carbon dioxide using the carbon dioxide separation membrane 50, allowing for rough separation of carbon dioxide and reducing the energy required for carbon dioxide separation.

[0028] Furthermore, according to the carbon dioxide liquefaction system 1 of this embodiment, the carbon dioxide-containing gas can be compressed during the pressure recovery process downstream of the ejector 40, so the compressor power required to pressurize the carbon dioxide can be reduced to zero or significantly reduced.

[0029] Furthermore, according to the carbon dioxide liquefaction system 1 of this embodiment, the pressure recovery process downstream of the ejector 40 described above is carried out while in contact with low-temperature liquefied carbon dioxide, which is close to isothermal compression, allowing for efficient compression.

[0030] In this embodiment, the carbon dioxide separation membrane 50 has been described as a membrane separation unit in which carbon dioxide separation membranes made of polymeric materials are stacked, but inorganic materials such as zeolite may also be used, or a hybrid type membrane of both may also be used, and these may be selected appropriately according to the design conditions.

[0031] [Embodiment 2] Next, the configuration and functions of the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. The same numbers are used for components having the same configurations and functions as those in the first embodiment. The carbon dioxide liquefaction system 100 according to the second embodiment has a second liquefied carbon dioxide cooler 110 that is arranged upstream of the liquefied carbon dioxide cooler 30 and cools the liquefied carbon dioxide flowing through the liquefied carbon dioxide pump outlet line 72 using the cold energy of the overhead gas. In Figure 2, the second liquefied carbon dioxide cooler 110 is arranged downstream of the liquefied carbon dioxide pump 20, but it may also be arranged upstream of the liquefied carbon dioxide pump 20 or downstream of the liquefied carbon dioxide cooler 30.

[0032] The second liquefied carbon dioxide cooler 110 is a general shell-and-tube type heat exchanger, and cools the liquefied carbon dioxide by heat exchange with the gas obtained by depressurizing the gas at the top of the liquefied carbon dioxide drum 10 .

[0033] Next, the operation of the carbon dioxide liquefaction system 100 according to this embodiment will be described. The explanation of the same functions as those in the first embodiment will be omitted. Inside the liquefied carbon dioxide drum 10, nitrogen and oxygen accumulate in the gas layer of the liquefied carbon dioxide drum, causing an increase in internal pressure. For this reason, the flow rate is adjusted while reducing the pressure using the top gas discharge flow rate control valve 84, and the nitrogen and oxygen are discharged to the outside of the system via the top gas discharge line 83.

[0034] At this time, due to the Joule-Thomson effect associated with the pressure reduction by the top gas discharge flow rate control valve 84, the temperatures of the nitrogen and oxygen are lowered by several degrees Celsius to several tens of degrees Celsius below the gas layer temperature of the liquefied carbon dioxide drum 10, and a temperature difference is generated that is sufficient to cool the liquefied carbon dioxide in the second liquefied carbon dioxide cooler 110. In the second liquefied carbon dioxide cooler 110, this temperature-reduced top gas cools the liquefied carbon dioxide by utilizing this temperature difference.

[0035] According to the carbon dioxide liquefaction system 100 of this embodiment, the nitrogen and oxygen discharged from the liquefied carbon dioxide drum 10 can be reduced in pressure and temperature, thereby contributing to cooling of the liquefied carbon dioxide, and therefore carbon dioxide can be separated and efficiently liquefied even from gases containing non-condensable gases other than carbon dioxide.

[0036] [Embodiment 3] Next, the configuration and functions of the third embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. The same numbers are used for components having the same configurations and functions as those in the first embodiment. The carbon dioxide liquefaction system 200 according to the third embodiment includes a carbon dioxide-containing gas precooler 210 .

[0037] The carbon dioxide-containing gas precooler 210 is a typical shell-and-tube type heat exchanger, and cools the carbon dioxide-containing gas flowing through the carbon dioxide separation membrane inlet line 75 by heat exchange with the depressurized gas from the top of the liquefied carbon dioxide drum 10.

[0038] Next, the operation of the carbon dioxide liquefaction system 200 according to this embodiment will be described. The explanation of the same functions as those in the first embodiment will be omitted. The temperature of the top gas discharged from the liquefied carbon dioxide drum 10 via the top gas discharge line 83 and decompressed by the top gas discharge flow rate control valve 84 is lower by several degrees Celsius to several tens of degrees Celsius than the gas layer temperature of the liquefied carbon dioxide drum 10 due to the Joule-Thomson effect. In the carbon dioxide-containing gas precooler 210, the carbon dioxide-containing gas flowing through the carbon dioxide separation membrane inlet line 75 is cooled by heat exchange with this gas.

[0039] According to the carbon dioxide liquefaction system 200 of this embodiment, the cold energy of the overhead gas (non-condensed gas) discharged to the outside from the liquefied carbon dioxide drum 10 is used to cool the carbon dioxide-containing gas flowing through the carbon dioxide separation membrane inlet line 75, so it is possible to lower the temperature of the carbon dioxide-containing gas supplied to the carbon dioxide separation membrane 50. Therefore, assuming a membrane in which the carbon dioxide permeation rate and / or selectivity improve as the temperature decreases, it is possible to improve the carbon dioxide separation performance. Furthermore, since the gas density is increased by cooling, a larger amount of the carbon dioxide-containing gas can be supplied to the ejector 40, and carbon dioxide can be liquefied from the carbon dioxide-containing gas more efficiently.

[0040] [Embodiment 4] Next, the configuration and functions of the fourth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. The same numbers are used for components having the same configurations and functions as those in the first embodiment. The carbon dioxide liquefaction system 300 according to the fourth embodiment has a carbon dioxide concentrated gas precooler 310 .

[0041] The carbon dioxide-enriched gas precooler 310 is a typical shell-and-tube type heat exchanger, which cools the carbon dioxide-enriched gas flowing through the carbon dioxide separation membrane outlet line 81 by heat exchange with the depressurized gas from the top of the liquefied carbon dioxide drum 10.

[0042] Next, the operation of the carbon dioxide liquefaction system 300 according to this embodiment will be described. The explanation of the same functions as those in the first embodiment will be omitted. The temperature of the top gas discharged from the liquefied carbon dioxide drum 10 via the top gas discharge line 83 and decompressed by the top gas discharge flow rate control valve 84 is lower by several degrees Celsius to several tens of degrees Celsius than the gas layer temperature of the liquefied carbon dioxide drum 10 due to the Joule-Thomson effect. In the carbon dioxide-enriched gas precooler 310, the carbon dioxide-enriched gas flowing through the carbon dioxide separation membrane outlet line 81 is cooled by heat exchange with this gas.

[0043] According to the carbon dioxide liquefaction system 300 of this embodiment, the cold energy of the non-condensed gas discharged to the outside from the liquefied carbon dioxide drum 10 is used to cool the carbon dioxide-containing gas flowing through the carbon dioxide separation membrane outlet line 81. Because heat is exchanged with the carbon dioxide-enriched gas whose flow rate has decreased after permeating the carbon dioxide separation membrane 50, the carbon dioxide-enriched gas can be cooled to a lower temperature. As a result, the temperature of the carbon dioxide-enriched gas supplied to the ejector 40 can be lowered, reducing the cold energy load on the liquefied carbon dioxide cooler 30 and the energy required to liquefy carbon dioxide can be reduced. Furthermore, since the gas density is increased by cooling, a larger amount of the carbon dioxide-containing gas can be supplied to the ejector 40, and carbon dioxide can be liquefied from the carbon dioxide-containing gas more efficiently. [Industrial Applicability]

[0044] The present invention can be used as a carbon dioxide liquefaction system that can minimize the energy required for separating and liquefying carbon dioxide. [Explanation of symbols]

[0045] 1, 100, 200, 300 Carbon dioxide liquefaction system 10 drums of liquefied carbon dioxide 20 Liquefied carbon dioxide pump 30 Liquefied carbon dioxide cooler 40 Ejector 50 Carbon dioxide separation membrane 71 Liquefied carbon dioxide pump inlet line 72 Liquefied carbon dioxide pump outlet line 73 Ejector inlet line 74 Ejector outlet line 75 Carbon dioxide separation membrane inlet line 76 Refrigerant supply line 77 Refrigerant discharge line 78 Liquefied carbon dioxide delivery line 81 Carbon dioxide separation membrane outlet line 82 Non-permeable gas discharge line 83 Top gas exhaust line 84 Top gas discharge flow control valve 110 Second liquefied carbon dioxide cooler 210 Carbon dioxide-containing gas precooler 310 Carbon dioxide concentrated gas precooler

Claims

1. a liquefied carbon dioxide drum for storing the liquefied carbon dioxide; a liquefied carbon dioxide circulation line through which liquefied carbon dioxide circulates, the liquefied carbon dioxide drum being a starting point; a liquefied carbon dioxide pump that is disposed downstream of the liquefied carbon dioxide drum in the liquefied carbon dioxide circulation line and that pressurizes and discharges the liquefied carbon dioxide stored in the liquefied carbon dioxide drum; a liquefied carbon dioxide cooler that is disposed in the liquefied carbon dioxide circulation line and cools the liquefied carbon dioxide discharged by the liquefied carbon dioxide pump by heat exchange with a refrigerant; an ejector that is disposed downstream of the liquefied carbon dioxide pump in the liquefied carbon dioxide circulation line, and that uses the liquefied carbon dioxide discharged by the liquefied carbon dioxide pump as a driving fluid and a carbon dioxide-containing gas as a suction fluid; a carbon dioxide-containing gas receiving line that receives the carbon dioxide-containing gas into the ejector; a liquefied carbon dioxide discharge line that discharges the liquefied carbon dioxide from the liquefied carbon dioxide drum to the outside; a carbon dioxide separation membrane disposed in the carbon dioxide-containing gas receiving line for concentrating carbon dioxide in the carbon dioxide-containing gas.

2. the carbon dioxide-containing gas includes nitrogen and oxygen; a non-condensable gas discharge line for discharging nitrogen and oxygen accumulated in the gas layer of the liquefied carbon dioxide drum to the outside; a non-condensable gas discharge flow rate control valve disposed in the non-condensable gas discharge line for reducing the pressure and controlling the flow rate of the gas flowing through the non-condensable gas discharge line; The carbon dioxide liquefaction system described in claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises a second liquefied carbon dioxide cooler that is arranged in the liquefied carbon dioxide circulation line and cools the liquefied carbon dioxide using non-condensable gas that has passed through the non-condensable gas discharge flow rate control valve in the non-condensable gas discharge line.

3. the carbon dioxide-containing gas includes nitrogen and oxygen; a non-condensable gas discharge line for discharging nitrogen and oxygen accumulated in the gas layer of the liquefied carbon dioxide drum to the outside; a non-condensable gas discharge flow rate control valve disposed in the non-condensable gas discharge line for reducing the pressure and controlling the flow rate of the gas flowing through the non-condensable gas discharge line; 2. The carbon dioxide liquefaction system according to claim 1, further comprising: a carbon dioxide-containing gas precooler arranged in the carbon dioxide-containing gas receiving line, which precools the carbon dioxide-containing gas flowing through the carbon dioxide-containing gas receiving line by non-condensable gas that has passed through the non-condensable gas discharge flow rate control valve in the non-condensable gas discharge line.

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