Brick prefabricated block arrangement structure and arrangement method

Abstract

To provide a brick prefabricated block arrangement structure and an arrangement method capable of suppressing an increase in pressure loss of a flowing gas without obstructing a gas flow from a slit at an upper end of a lower block to a slit at a lower end of an upper block when brick prefabricated blocks in which a plurality of checker bricks are stacked are vertically stacked in a heat storage chamber.SOLUTION: A brick prefabricated block arrangement structure is an arrangement structure in which brick prefabricated blocks 2, each formed by stacking a plurality of checker bricks 1, are arranged in a coke oven, and the brick prefabricated blocks 2 are arranged in two or more stages in a vertical direction, and a plurality of spacers 7 are arranged between an upper surface 21 of a lower brick prefabricated block 25 disposed below and a lower surface 22 of another brick prefabricated block 26 disposed above the brick prefabricated block 2.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a structure and method for arranging prefabricated brick blocks, which are formed by stacking a plurality of checker bricks. [Background technology]

[0002] A coke oven consists of three main parts: a carbonization chamber where coal is carbonized; a combustion chamber where fuel is burned to supply heat to the carbonization chamber; and a heat storage chamber where heat is exchanged between the combustion exhaust gas from the combustion chamber and the fuel gas or combustion air.

[0003] The regenerator is filled with perforated bricks called checker bricks, and heat is exchanged between the combustion exhaust gas and the fuel gas or air through these checker bricks. In other words, the high-temperature exhaust gas flows from top to bottom through the regenerator for a certain period of time, heating the checker bricks, and conversely, the fuel gas or air flows from bottom to top, and the sensible heat of the heated checker bricks preheats the fuel gas or air.

[0004] A representative example of this checker brick will be described. FIG. 3(A) is a plan view of a checker brick 1, and FIG. 3(B) is a side view of the checker brick 1. As shown in FIG. 3(A), the checker brick 1 has multiple webs 12 arranged within an outer frame 11, with slits 13 opening between the webs 12. Ridges 14 are also provided perpendicular to the webs 12. When stacked one above the other, the checker bricks 1 have linear protrusions 16 at positions corresponding to the underside of the outer frame 11 in FIG. 3(A) so that a communication space 15 is formed between the underside of the slit 13 of the upper checker brick 1 and the checker brick 1 below it (FIG. 3(B)). The protrusions 16 are only provided on the outer frame 11 in a position along the slit width direction 63 of the prefabricated block. In FIG. 3(A), the protrusions 16 are provided below the ends of the outer frame 11 in the slit longitudinal direction 62, but not below the ends of the outer frame 11 in the slit width direction 63. The communication spaces 15 allow adjacent slits 13 to communicate with each other, and the flow of gas is not impeded even if there is a misalignment between the upper and lower slits 13. Such checker bricks 1 are usually manufactured by pressure molding.

[0005] Conventionally, regenerators for coke ovens have been constructed by artisanal builders who lay checker bricks one by one. However, with the expected decline in the labor force, the construction period for furnace construction is currently being significantly extended.

[0006] One method for solving this problem is to use an adhesive to join multiple checker bricks 1 together (Patent Documents 1 to 3). That is, if multiple small checker bricks 1 are joined together in the horizontal and vertical directions with adhesive applied to the adhesive application areas of the checker bricks 1 to form a single large block, and these large blocks are then stacked one by one, the construction time required for furnace construction can be shortened.

[0007] The heat storage chamber is narrowly defined by walls called pillar walls and partition bricks. Because the space defined by the pillar walls and partition bricks is narrow, if an attempt is made to construct the heat storage chamber by placing checker bricks 1 inside the pillar walls using a jig that grips the large block from the side, the jig will interfere with the pillar walls and partition bricks, making it difficult to construct the heat storage chamber.

[0008] Patent Document 4 discloses a method for constructing a heat storage chamber, in which a large block is formed by bonding multiple checker bricks (heat storage chamber bricks) with adhesive. Multiple hanging rods are used to stack the large checker brick blocks. The hanging rods have a rod-shaped shaft that is linear in the vertical direction and a rod-shaped lower horizontal rod that is horizontally attached to the lower end of the shaft that supports the checker bricks. The diameters of the shaft and the lower horizontal rod of the hanging rod are thinner than the width of the slit (slot), the length of the lower horizontal rod of the hanging rod is longer than the width of the slit, and the height of the lower horizontal rod is shorter than the height of the communication space. When stacking the large blocks, cable ties may be attached to the sides of the large blocks. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0009] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 5-106979 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 6-179859 [Patent Document 3] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 55-97412 [Patent Document 4] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2019-182939 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0010] In the inventions described in Patent Documents 1 to 3, a plurality of checker bricks are bonded together to form a large block, which is then piled up inside the heat storage chamber. Hereinafter, the large block will be referred to as a prefabricated brick block.

[0011] The formed brick prefabricated block 2 (see Figure 2) is placed in the regenerator of a coke oven. Two adjacent brick prefabricated blocks (see Figure 1) are required to minimize the misalignment between the lower brick prefabricated block (also referred to as the "lower block 25") and the upper brick prefabricated block (also referred to as the "upper block 26") in the vertical direction 61. If the lower block 25 and the upper block 26 are misaligned in the slit width direction 63 (furnace bunk direction 65), the gas flow from the slit at the top of the lower block 25 to the slit at the bottom of the upper block 26 is obstructed, resulting in increased pressure loss of the gas flow. Although providing a protrusion 16 on the underside of the checker brick at the bottom of the upper block 26 minimizes pressure loss even if the misalignment occurs, depending on the magnitude of the misalignment, the pressure loss may become significant.

[0012] The object of the present invention is to provide an arrangement structure and an arrangement method for brick prefabricated blocks that can suppress an increase in pressure loss of the flowing gas between adjacent brick prefabricated blocks, without obstructing the flow of gas from the slit at the upper end of the lower block 25 to the slit at the lower end of the upper block 26. [Means for solving the problem]

[0013] That is, the gist of the present invention is as follows. [1] A brick prefabricated block arrangement structure in which a brick prefabricated block made by stacking a plurality of checker bricks is arranged in a coke oven, The layout structure of the prefabricated brick blocks is such that two or more rows of prefabricated brick blocks are arranged vertically. A brick prefabricated block arrangement structure characterized in that a plurality of spacers are arranged between the upper surface of a brick prefabricated block placed below (hereinafter referred to as the "lower block") and the lower surface of another brick prefabricated block (hereinafter referred to as the "upper block") placed above the said brick prefabricated block. [2] The longitudinal direction of the slits of the checker bricks constituting the brick prefabricated block is called the slit longitudinal direction, and the checker bricks have convex portions on both ends of the slit longitudinal direction on the underside thereof, The arrangement structure of prefabricated brick blocks described in [1] is characterized in that the arrangement position of the spacer is within the range of the underside of the convex portion of the lowest checker brick of the upper block. [3] The arrangement structure of brick prefabricated blocks described in [2], characterized in that the spacer has a rectangular shape with a width equal to or less than the width of the slit in the longitudinal direction of the convex portion. [4] The arrangement structure of prefabricated brick blocks according to any one of [1] to [3], characterized in that the spacer has a thickness of 20 mm to 50 mm.

[0014] [5] A method for arranging prefabricated brick blocks for arranging the prefabricated brick block arrangement structure according to any one of [1] to [4] in a coke oven, A method for arranging prefabricated brick blocks, comprising the steps of: placing a plurality of spacers between the upper surface of a prefabricated brick block to be placed below and the lower surface of another prefabricated brick block to be placed above the prefabricated brick block; [Effects of the Invention]

[0015] According to the present invention, when a plurality of prefabricated brick blocks formed by stacking a plurality of checker bricks are stacked one on top of the other, a plurality of spacers are placed between the upper surface of the lower prefabricated brick block and the lower surface of the other prefabricated brick block placed above the prefabricated brick block in question, the flow of gas from the slit at the upper end of the lower block 25 to the slit at the lower end of the upper block 26 between the vertically adjacent prefabricated brick blocks is not obstructed, and an increase in pressure loss of the flowing gas can be suppressed. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0016] [Figure 1] 1A and 1B are diagrams showing the arrangement of prefabricated brick blocks, in which (A) is a cross-sectional plan view taken along the line AA, and (B) is a front view. [Figure 2] (A) is a plan view and (B) is a front view of a brick prefabricated block. [Figure 3] (A) is a plan view and (B) is a front view of a checker brick. [Figure 4] FIG. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0017] The description will be made based on FIGS. 1 to 4. FIG.

[0018] The present invention relates to a structure and method for arranging prefabricated brick blocks, in which a prefabricated brick block 2 made by stacking a plurality of checker bricks 1 is arranged in a coke oven. The prefabricated brick block 2 refers to a structure in which a plurality of checker bricks are stacked and fixed together by some means (see Figure 2).

[0019] As shown in Figure 3, a checker brick 1 has a plurality of slits 13 penetrating the checker brick 1. When the checker bricks 1 are stacked in the regenerator chamber of a coke oven, the direction in which the slits 13 penetrate is the vertical direction 61 of the prefabricated brick block 2. The vertical direction 61 of the prefabricated brick block 2 and the vertical direction of the regenerator are the same direction. Therefore, the direction in which the slits 13 penetrate the checker brick 1 is referred to as the vertical direction 61 of the prefabricated brick block 2. The slits 13 form an elongated shape in a plan view. In a plan view, the slit longitudinal direction of the slits 13 is referred to as the slit longitudinal direction 62 of the prefabricated brick block 2, and the direction perpendicular to both the slit longitudinal direction 62 and the vertical direction 61 is referred to as the slit width direction 63 of the prefabricated brick block.

[0020] In a prefabricated brick block 2 (see Figure 2), checker bricks 1 are arranged in two or more rows in the vertical direction 61 of the prefabricated brick block 2, and in two or more rows in either or both of the slit longitudinal direction 62 and the slit width direction 63. Figure 2 shows an example in which checker bricks 1 are arranged in ten rows in the vertical direction 61 of the prefabricated brick block 2, two rows in the slit longitudinal direction 62, and one row in the slit width direction 63. The following explanation will be based on this example.

[0021] Patent Document 4 describes that binding bands may be attached to the sides of large blocks when they are stacked. In the example shown in Figure 2, bands 3 are attached to the sides of large blocks every other level in the vertical direction.

[0022] As described above, the checker brick 1 normally has a linear protrusion 16 on the lower surface thereof at a position corresponding to the lower surface directly below the outer frame 11 (see FIG. 3(B)).

[0023] For the checker bricks 1 to be installed in the regenerator of a coke oven, multiple checker bricks 1 are stacked to form a prefabricated brick block 2, which is then installed inside the regenerator. The prefabricated brick block 2 may be formed in a location adjacent to the coke oven. Alternatively, the prefabricated brick block may be formed in a location remote from the coke oven. When the prefabricated brick block 2 is formed in a remote location, it is transported from the remote location to the location of the coke oven and installed in the regenerator from a temporary storage area near the coke oven. In either case, the formed prefabricated brick block 2 must be transported.

[0024] As mentioned above, the regenerator chamber is narrowly defined by the pillar walls and partition bricks. Because the space defined by the pillar walls and partition bricks is narrow, if a prefabricated brick block is gripped from the side with a jig and placed inside the pillar wall, the gripping jig will interfere with the pillar walls and partition bricks, making it difficult to construct the regenerator chamber. In this invention, similar to the invention described in Patent Document 4, it is preferable to transport the prefabricated brick block 2 using a hanging rod 4 shown in FIG. 4. The hanging rod 4 has a vertically linear rod-shaped shaft 41 and a rod-shaped lower horizontal rod 42 attached horizontally to the lower end of the shaft 41, which supports the checker brick 1. The hanging rod 4 is lowered to the lower end of the prefabricated brick block 2 through the slit 13 in the checker brick 1. The length of the lower horizontal rod 42 of the hanging rod 4 is longer than the width of the slit 13, and the height of the lower horizontal rod 42 is shorter than the height of the protrusion 16. In the example of FIG. 4, an upper horizontal rod portion 43 is formed at the upper end of the hanging rod 4.

[0025] As described above, the formed brick prefabricated block 2 (see Figure 2) is placed in the regenerator chamber of a coke oven. Among two adjacent brick prefabricated blocks (see Figure 1) in the vertical direction 61, it is necessary to minimize the misalignment between the lower brick prefabricated block (lower block 25) and the upper brick prefabricated block (upper block 26). However, as described above, when placing the upper block 26 in the regenerator chamber where the lower block 25 has already been placed using the lifting rod 4 shown in Figure 4, the regenerator chamber is extremely narrow, so no gauges or other devices can be used to accurately align the positions of the lower block 25 and the upper block 26. If the positions of the lower block 25 and the upper block 26 are misaligned in the slit width direction 63 (furnace bunk length direction 65), the flow of gas from the slit at the top end of the lower block 25 to the slit at the bottom end of the upper block 26 is obstructed, resulting in increased pressure loss of the flowing gas. By providing the protrusion 16 on the underside of the checker brick at the lower end of the upper block 26, pressure loss can be kept to a minimum even if the above-mentioned misalignment occurs. However, depending on the size of the misalignment, the pressure loss may become significant.

[0026] In the arrangement structure and method of prefabricated brick blocks of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1, the above problem can be solved by placing multiple spacers 7 between the upper surface 21 of a prefabricated brick block (lower block 25) placed below and the lower surface 22 of another prefabricated brick block (upper block 26) placed above the prefabricated brick block. That is, multiple spacers 7 are placed between the upper surface 21 of the lower block 25 and the lower surface 22 of the upper block 26. In the example shown in FIG. 1(A), 12 spacers 7 each having a rectangular shape in a plan view are placed. By ensuring that the spacers 7 have a vertical spacer height H when placed in the furnace, a rectifying layer 71 is formed when gas passes from the slits in the lower block 25 to the slits in the upper block 26, thereby reducing gas pressure loss.

[0027] As described above, the checker bricks 1 usually have convex portions 16 on their undersides at both ends in the slit longitudinal direction 62. The spacers 7 are preferably positioned within the range of the underside of the convex portions 16 of the lowest checker brick 1 in the upper block 26. This allows the thickness of the rectifying layer 71 to be the sum of the depth of the communicating spaces 15 on the undersides of the checker bricks and the height H of the spacers 7, making it possible to increase the thickness of the rectifying layer 71.

[0028] The shape of the spacer 7 can be selected from rectangular, oblong, circular, and other shapes. The width of the spacer 7 in the slit longitudinal direction 62 is preferably as wide as possible to withstand compressive stress, since it bears the weight of the upper block 26. On the other hand, since the spacer is attached with adhesive, the size of the adhesive surface affects workability, so a small size is preferable. Furthermore, if the spacer has a width exceeding the width of the convex portion 16 on the lower surface of the checker brick 1 at the lower end of the upper block 26, it may interfere with the slit 13 of the checker brick 1, potentially causing pressure loss in the passing fluid. Therefore, the spacer 7 is preferably rectangular and has a width equal to or less than the width of the convex portion 16 in the slit longitudinal direction 62.

[0029] The height H of the spacer 7 in the height direction is preferably about 20 to 50 mm. Because the spacer is made of bricks, the height H is preferably 20 mm or more in order to ensure strength. Also, to reduce gas pressure loss, the height is preferably about twice the slit width. On the other hand, because the spacer has a small rectangular shape, if the height H is too large, the spacer will tip over when installing the brick prefabricated block, so the slit height is preferably at most about 50 mm.

[0030] Clay bricks are the preferred material for the spacers. They are resistant to burning even in high-temperature exhaust gases, are less likely to spall even in the temperature fluctuations of the regenerator, and do not react with the surrounding checker bricks. In this case, the strength is about 20 MPa, the same as that of ordinary clay bricks. [Explanation of symbols]

[0031] 1 checker brick 11 Outer Frame 12 Web 13 Slit 14 Ridge 15 Communication space 16 Convex part 2. Prefabricated brick blocks 21 Top side 22 Bottom side 25 Lower Block 26 Upper Block 3 bands 4 Lifting rod 41 Shaft 42 Lower end horizontal bar part 43 Upper horizontal bar 61 Up and down direction 62 Slit longitudinal direction 63 Slit width direction 64 Furnace length direction 65 Furnace Leader Direction 7 spacers 71 Rectifier layer

Claims

1. A brick prefabricated block arrangement structure in which a brick prefabricated block formed by stacking a plurality of checker bricks is arranged in a coke oven, The layout structure of the prefabricated brick blocks is such that two or more rows of prefabricated brick blocks are arranged vertically. A brick prefabricated block arrangement structure characterized in that a plurality of spacers are arranged between the upper surface of a brick prefabricated block arranged below (hereinafter referred to as the "lower block") and the lower surface of another brick prefabricated block (hereinafter referred to as the "upper block") arranged above the said brick prefabricated block.

2. The longitudinal direction of the slits of the checker bricks constituting the brick prefabricated block is called the slit longitudinal direction, and the checker bricks have convex portions on both ends of the lower surface in the slit longitudinal direction, 2. The arrangement structure of prefabricated brick blocks according to claim 1, wherein the spacers are arranged within the range of the lower surface of the convex portion of the lowest checker brick of the upper block.

3. 3. The arrangement structure of prefabricated brick blocks according to claim 2, wherein the spacer has a rectangular shape with a width equal to or less than the width of the slit in the longitudinal direction of the convex portion.

4. 4. The arrangement structure of prefabricated brick blocks according to claim 1, wherein the spacer has a thickness of 20 mm to 50 mm.

5. A method for arranging prefabricated brick blocks for arranging the prefabricated brick block arrangement structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3 in a coke oven, A method for arranging prefabricated brick blocks, characterized in that a plurality of spacers are placed between the upper surface of a prefabricated brick block to be placed below and the lower surface of another prefabricated brick block to be placed above the prefabricated brick block.

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