The invention relates to a furnace opening vault laying control device for a heat recovery coke furnace. The device comprises a furnace opening outer side arch body, a hearth arch body and a supporter, a boss bed mould is arranged on the side, close to the hearth arch body, of the furnace opening outer side arch body, and the upper surface of the boss bed mould supports the bottom surfaces of furnace opening bricks; the boss bed mould and an arch body strip of the furnace opening outer side arch body form a staggered platform structure, and the staggered platform structure is matched with bosses at the lowest ends of the furnace opening bricks; a limit bracket is arranged on the arch body strip of the furnace opening outer side arch body, an arc limit plate is installed on the inner side of the limit bracket, and the inner side surface of the limit plate closely fits the front surfaces of the furnace opening bricks; the supporter comprises a first supporting base and a second supporting base which are arranged at the two ends, in the laying process, the first supporting base is supported on the reverse surfaces of the furnace opening bricks, and the second supporting base is supported on the hearth arch body. According to the device, it can be ensured that in the process of laying the furnace opening bricks, the front surfaces of the furnace opening bricks are perpendicular, after the process of laying the furnace opening bricks, in the process of laying other vault bricks, the vault of the furnace opening bricks is kept stable, and the deflection phenomenon cannot occur.