116results about "Beehive ovens" patented technology

A process for the preparation of high quality char from organic waste materials. The waste is first sorted to remove recyclable inorganic materials of economic value (metals, glass) and other foreign materials that would be detrimental to the quality of the final product (stone, sand, construction debris, etc.). After size reduction, the waste is pyrolyzed at a temperature range of 250 to 600° F., in a high capacity, continuous mixer reactor, using in-situ viscous heating of the waste materials, to produce a highly uniform, granular synthetic product similar in energy content and handling characteristics to, but much cleaner burning than, natural coal.

The present invent provides improved rapid thermal conversion processes for efficiently converting wood, other biomass materials, and other carbonaceous feedstock (including hydrocarbons) into high yields of valuable liquid product, e.g., bio-oil, on a large scale production. In an embodiment, biomass material, e.g., wood, is feed to a conversion system where the biomass material is mixed with an upward stream of hot heat carriers, e.g., sand, that thermally convert the biomass into a hot vapor stream. The hot vapor stream is rapidly quenched with quench media in one or more condensing chambers located downstream of the conversion system. The rapid quenching condenses the vapor stream into liquid product, which is collected from the condensing chambers as a valuable liquid product. In one embodiment, the liquid product itself is used as the quench media.

Disclosed is a scaleable pyrolysis system for batch processing of waste vehicle tires and other waste to provide pyrolysis products. The core pyrolysis system includes one or more batch reactors, heating units, solids processing units, gas/liquid processing units and control units. In operation, the temperature gradients internal to the reactor are controlled by preferential channeling of heat to provide pyrolysis products that are of high quality, and hence commercially advantageous, while facilitating high throughput.

An improved non-recovery coke oven floor constructed of a single layer of refractory bricks including, for each oven sole flue, a pair of trunnion bricks and a center bridge brick spanning the width of the flue, having lower brick surfaces in the form of an arch, and joined end-to-end by a tapered tongue-and-groove joint disposed approximately perpendicular to the direction of a compression load transmitted by the center bridge brick to the trunnion bricks.

The present invention relates to systems and methods for producing fuels. In an embodiment, the invention includes a method of producing a diesel-equivalent fuel, including pyrolyzing biomass to form a pyrolysis oil and contacting the pyrolysis oil and an alcohol with a metal oxide catalyst at a temperature of greater than about 60 degrees Celsius. In an embodiment, the invention includes a method of refining pyrolysis oil including contacting pyrolysis oil and an alcohol with a metal oxide catalyst at a temperature of greater than about 60 degrees Celsius. In an embodiment, the invention includes a system for processing biomass into fuel including a pyrolysis chamber defining an interior volume; a first heating element configured to heat the pyrolysis chamber; a refining chamber in selective fluid communication with the pyrolysis chamber, the refining chamber defining an interior volume, a metal oxide catalyst disposed within the interior volume; and a second heating element configured to heat the refining chamber. Other embodiments are also described herein.

Tire pyrolysis systems and processes are provided which include feeding tire shreds to a pyrolysis reactor, pyrolyzing the shreds in a pyrolysis reactor to produce a hydrocarbon-containing gas stream and carbon-containing solid, removing the carbon-containing solid from the reactor, directing the hydrocarbon-containing gas stream into a separator, contacting the hydrocarbon-containing gas stream with an oil spray in the separator thereby washing particulate from the hydrocarbon-containing gas stream and condensing a portion of the gas stream to oil, removing and cooling the oil from the separator, directing non-condensed gas from the gas stream away from the separator, and directing a portion of the cooled oil removed from the separator to an inlet of the separator for use as the separator oil spray. A process is also provided in which solids from the pyrolysis reactor are directed to an auger having a pressure which is greater than the pressure in the pyrolysis reactor, and in which non-condensed gas from the gas stream after condensing a portion of the gas is directed to at least one burner in heat exchange relation with the pyrolysis reactor, and burned to heat the reactor and generate an effluent flue gas, a portion of which effluent flue gas is cooled and injected into the auger which is a trough auger in one embodiment.

A system, apparatus and method for hydrocarbon extraction from feedstock material that is or includes organic material, such as oil shale, coal, lignite, tar sands, animal waste and biomass. A retort system including at least one retort vessel may include a monolithic dome structure surrounded by a process isolation barrier, the dome structure being sealingly engaged with the process isolation barrier. The dome structure and the process isolation barrier define a retort chamber, at least a portion of which may comprise a subterranean chamber. A lower end of the dome retort structure provides an exit for collected hydrocarbons and spent feedstock material. Systems may include a plurality of such dome retort structures. A control system may be used for controlling one or more operating parameters of a retorting process performed within such a dome retort structure for extraction and collection of hydrocarbons.

A biofuel production method, catalyst and system. The method may include combining a feedstock comprising a carbonaceous material with a consumable catalyst to produce a feedstock/catalyst mixture, and subjecting the feedstock/catalyst mixture to a vacuum pyrolytic gasification and liquefaction process to produce one or more biofuels. The catalyst includes effective amounts of various catalyst constituents, which may include some or all of kaolin, zeolite, amorphous silica, alumina aluminum phosphate and rare earth elements. The system may include apparatus for heating the feedstock/catalyst mixture under selected temperature and vacuum pressure conditions to produce a gaseous effluent comprising one or more hydrocarbon fractions, and additional distillation and condensation apparatus to produce one or more liquid and gaseous fuels.

A biomass pyrolysis process in which biomass feedstock particles (having a d5o mean particle size of at least 1 mm) are thermally treated substantially in the absence of oxygen to pyrolyse the biomass feedstock particles. The thermal treatment of the biomass feedstock particles includes a heat treatment drying step at a temperature in the range 100° C. to 250° C. Then, at a pre-pyrolysis heating location in a heat treatment system, the biomass feedstock particles are heated to a temperature in the range 280° C. to 350° C., held within the same temperature range for a time of at least 5 seconds and then moved from the pre-pyrolysis heating location to a pyrolysis heating location by a conveyor system for heating to a temperature above 350° C. for pyrolysis.

Disclosed is a successive pyrolysis system of waste synthetic-highly polymerized compound for successively pyrolizing combustible waste by indirect heating at a pyrolysis chamber maintaining an anaerobic or hypoxic environment, and producing refined oil like heavy oil and light oil according to boiling points at a distillation column to be used as heat source for the pyrolysis of the waste. The successive pyrolysis system comprises a hopper; an automatic waste injection device, which discharges a predetermined amount of waste from the hopper; a pyrolysis chamber for maintaining a high-temperature and hypoxic environment, and successively pyrolizing the waste by indirect heating; a gas burning chamber for burning noncondensable gas among pyrolysis gas produced at the time of the pyrolysis of the waste, and providing heat of a predetermined temperature to the outer surface of the pyrolysis chamber to be used as heat source for the pyrolysis of the waste; a refined oil producing means for producing refined oil from the pyrolysis gas reformed after going through catalyst reaction and providing residual noncondensable gas to the gas burning chamber; and an automatic discharging device for successively discharging ashes transported after being pyrolized from the pyrolysis chamber.

A process whereby freshwater is generated and wastewater is eliminated through the employ of waste combustion gas; wherein combustion gas is cooled below dewpoint, via the effects of a wastewater fed evaporative cooler, resulting in the combined benefits of freshwater generation from the combustion gas and evaporative reduction of the wastewater.

The present invention provides a pyrolysis system and method thereof which are capable of converting an entire rubber tire into several energy resources in an environmentally-friendly manner. The system includes a tire transporting unit, a waste to energy conversion unit, and a energy collection unit. The waste to energy conversion unit includes a conversion housing having a reaction chamber for receiving the rubber tire for pyrolysis processing to decompose the rubber tire into fuel oil, methane gas and carbon black, while metal wire from the rubber tire are resided for recycling use.

Proposed are a system and method for wasteless pyrolytic processing and complete utilization of municipal and domestic wastes. The wastes are sequentially passed through units of sorting, grinding, drying, accumulating, and sending to a pyrolysis reactor for pyrolytic treatment. The syngas produced in the pyrolysis is passed through dry cleaning, dust catching, a first wet cleaning with water, a second wet cleaning with alkali, and a floatation unit for separation of water which is purified to an extent sufficient for technical use. The purified syngas is also passed through an absorber and is then used as a working medium for a power generation unit such as a gas turbine co-generator that generates electricity. Solid products of the pyrolysis reaction, such as coke, are returned to the reactor for afterburning, and the heat of the reaction can be utilized in a dryer, or the like.

This invention relates to a simple, convenient, portable mini-distillation apparatus for the production of essential oils and hydrosols, said apparatus is useful to distill essential oils and hydrosols such as rose water, ajowain water from fresh and dried plant material like leaves, flowers, roots and rhizomes by water distillation, water and steam distillations and as an optional, steam distillation can also be performed at atmospheric pressure as well as slightly higher and lower than atmospheric pressure, said apparatus can be heated on brick-clay furnace with small agro-waste, LPG cooking gas, electrically heated stove or kerosene/diesel burner etc. and requires minimum attention during handling; since the apparatus is made of stainless steel and glass, the essential oil distilled is of better quality.