163results about "Vertical chamber coke ovens" patented technology

An apparatus for forming liquid hydrocarbons from solid coal. The coal is pulverized to provide a particulate coal feed, which is then extruded to provide a hollow tube of compressed coal supported inside of a support tube. A clay feed is extruded to provide a hollow tube of compressed clay supported inside of the coal tube and a combustible fuel is burned inside of the clay tube. The temperature of combustion is sufficient to fire the extruded clay and pyrolyze the extruded coal to produce hydrocarbon gases and coal char. The support tube has holes for releasing the hydrocarbon gases, which contain suspended particles formed during combustion. The suspended particles are removed from the hydrocarbon gases to provide clean gases, which are passed through an ionizing chamber to ionize at least a portion thereof. The ionized gases are then passed through a magnetic field to separate them from each other according to their molecular weight. Selected portions of at least some of the separated gases are mixed, and the mixed gases are cooled to provide at least one liquid hydrocarbon product of predetermined composition. Portions of the separated gases may also be mixed with the coal char and other input streams, such as waste plastics, and further treated to provide other hydrocarbon products.

An improved non-recovery coke oven floor constructed of a single layer of refractory bricks including, for each oven sole flue, a pair of trunnion bricks and a center bridge brick spanning the width of the flue, having lower brick surfaces in the form of an arch, and joined end-to-end by a tapered tongue-and-groove joint disposed approximately perpendicular to the direction of a compression load transmitted by the center bridge brick to the trunnion bricks.

The present invention provides an autothermal torrefaction device, which can be either stationary of mobile. Embodiments of the present invention include a torrefaction chamber having a chamber inlet for receiving biomass and at least one chamber outlet. The torrefaction chamber can be substantially surrounded by an exterior housing defining an outer jacket and having a jacket inlet and a jacket outlet. The outer jacket and torrefaction chamber define a space therebetween such that a burner unit including an inlet operatively connected to the chamber outlet and an outlet operatively connected to the jacket inlet allows vapors produced or released from within the torrefaction chamber to travel into the burner unit for combustion of at least a portion of the vapors and subsequently travel through the space between the jacket and the torrefaction chamber to provide heat necessary for autothermal torrefaction of biomass.

There is described a system and method for recycling carbon-containing material, in particular tyres and plastics materials. The system includes a heating arrangement for anaerobically heating carbon containing material to produce carbon-containing gases. A condensing arrangement is also used to condense a proportion of the carbon-containing gases to provide condensed gases and non-condensed gases. In addition, a recirculating arrangement is provided for recirculating the non-condensed gases into the heating arrangement. Further systems and methods for pre- and post-processing of the carbon-containing material are also disclosed and products of the systems and methods are also described.

A process for keeping coke oven chambers hot during the stoppage of a waste heat boiler. The coke oven chambers are kept hot after emptying using externally heated burners, in which a flue gas low in pollutants is obtained from the burners. The waste heat boilers which, during normal operation, cool the flue gases can be shut off and overhauled, and a flue gas low in pollutants which can be dissipated directly into the atmosphere is obtained by the burner operation. Also disclosed is an apparatus for keeping coke oven chambers hot, the apparatus has a coke oven chamber bench, a flue gas collection line, a flue gas chimney, a waste heat boiler, a waste gas collection line and a waste gas purification system, wherein the flue gas chimney and the waste heat boiler can be shut off on the flue gas side and on the waste gas side.

A thermal cycle continuous automated coal pyrolyzing furnace, includes a furnace body, a coal feeding device, a preheating device, an inputting coal regulating bunker, an inputting coal cooling device, a coal pyrolyzation coking device, a coke modification device, a dry quenching device and a raw gas exporting device; wherein the coal feeding device, the pre-heating device, the inputting coal regulating bunker, the inputting coal cooling device, the coal pyrolyzation coking device, the coke modification device, the dry quenching device and the raw gas exporting device are all integrated on the furnace body; the coal pyrolyzation coking device includes a coking chamber, an external combustion gas heating device, an internal combustion gas heating device and a flame path bow. Utilizing the coal pyrolyzing furnace is capable of achieving continuously quenching, so as to improve quenching efficiency and decrease quenching cost.

Autothermal torrefaction devices, which can be either stationary of mobile, are provided and include a torrefaction chamber having a chamber inlet for receiving biomass and at least one chamber outlet. The torrefaction chamber can be substantially surrounded by an exterior housing defining an outer jacket and having a jacket inlet and a jacket outlet. The outer jacket and torrefaction chamber define a space therebetween such that a burner unit including an inlet operatively connected to the chamber outlet and an outlet operatively connected to the jacket inlet allows vapors produced or released from within the torrefaction chamber to travel into the burner unit for combustion of at least a portion of the vapors and subsequently travel through the space between the jacket and the torrefaction chamber to provide heat necessary for autothermal torrefaction of biomass.

The invention discloses a biomass high-temperature thermal-decomposition vaporazation generating system which comprises a biomass material bin, a screwed feeder, a biomass whirlwind high-temperature thermal-decomposition gasification furnace, a biomass exhaust pipe, a biomass gas surplus heat utilization steam-generating unit, a biomass gas surplus heat utilization air heater, a biomass gas dust catcher, a water-ring vacuum pump, a biomass gas storage tank, an internal combustion engine, a generator, a high-speed gas fuel combustor, an initialization-phase fuel gas tank, a Roots blower, a water-feeding pump and a clinker pond. When the biomass high-temperature thermal-decomposition vaporazation generating system operates, air and biomass gas heated by the surplus heat of high-temperature biomass gas combust in the high-speed gas fuel combustor to generate high-temperature hypoxia smoke gas which is sprayed into the biomass whirlwind high-temperature thermal-decomposition gasification furnace to be mixed with biomass materials inside the biomass whirlwind high-temperature thermal-decomposition gasification furnace to generate thermal decomposition and vaporization and generate biomass gas with the temperature more than 1600 DEG C and low tar content, and then the biomass high-temperature thermal-decomposition vaporazation generating system generates electricity by utilizing the generator which takes the internal combustion engine as power. The biomass high-temperature thermal-decomposition vaporazation generating system is stable and reliable and has high heat efficiency.

The invention discloses pulverized coal coking equipment and method. The equipment comprises a pulverized coal semi-coking pyrolyzing furnace, wherein the pyrolyzing furnace comprises a furnace charge inlet, a feeding and distributing region, a coal gas collecting region, a coal gas dust filtering zone, a pulverized coal preheating zone, a coal gas dispersing zone, a pulverized coal pyrolyzing region and a cooling coke outlet region from top to bottom respectively. The method is used for coking by using pulverized coal of which the particle size is smaller than 20 millimeters, and comprises distributing, preheating, dust filtering, pulverized coal pyrolyzing, coal gas collecting and coke discharging steps. In the method, pulverized coal of which the particle size is smaller than 20 millimeters is used for coking, pyrolysis of pulverized coal is balanced, coal gas produced by pyrolysis can be discharged successfully, and produced tar oil is clean and free from dust. In the method, ascending hot coal gas is used for preheating pulverized coal, and descending semi-coke is used for preheating cold air and coal gas, so that heat energy is fully utilized, and the aims of saving energy and reducing emission are fulfilled.

Useful byproducts are recovered through the pyrolytic processing of biomass material such as vegetation, paper, or worn tires. The process is conducted in a sealed enclosure under vacuum or other controlled atmosphere. The biomass material is ablated and burned by crunching between counter-rotating rollers whose inner walls have been exposed to a highly heated fluid. The biomass material is preheated by injecting into the feeding duct super-heated: dry steam. A condenser within the enclosure reduces resulting vapors into oils that can be drained from the enclosure pan. Solid combustion residue is abstracted from the enclosure by an Archimedes screw.

The invention relates to a coke oven and a coking process method. The coke oven comprises a drying and preheating chamber positioned at the upper part of the coke oven, a burning chamber and a carbonization chamber positioned at the lower part of the coke oven, and a heat exchange chamber positioned below the drying and preheating chamber and on the burning chamber and the carbonization chamber, wherein coal is dried and preheated in the drying and preheating chamber; gas air heats the carbonization chamber by heat generated during burning of the burning chamber, and the coal dried and preheated in the drying and preheating chamber enters the carbonization chamber for dry distillation to obtain coke and generate raw coke oven gas; and gas / air is preheated after the heat exchange with high-temperature gas in the heat exchange chamber. The coking process method is characterized in that coal is dried and preheated in the drying and preheating chamber; the coal dried and preheated in the drying and preheating chamber enters the carbonization chamber for dry distillation to obtain coke and generate raw coke oven gas; gas / air is preheated in the heat exchange chamber, then enters the burning chamber to be burnt and generate high-temperature gas, and the heat part is conveyed into the carbonization chamber for the dry distillation of the coal and then enters the heat exchange chamber for heat exchange with gas / air; and finally the heat enters the drying and preheating chamber for drying and preheating the coal.

The invention relates to the semi-coke dry-quenching equipment of a vertical internally-heated hollow carbonization furnace, which consists of coke supporting plates, spray pipes / coke push rods, a large quenching groove, a buried scraper conveyor, a pressure adjustment valve, a first semi-coke cabin, a first switch, a second coke cabin, a second switch and a belt conveyor, wherein the porous spray pipes are arranged on the two sides of each semi-coke pile between each coke discharge opening and the corresponding coke supporting plates respectively, and each spray pipe is provided with an automatic control device; the coke push rods are arranged above the corresponding coke supporting plates; the large quenching groove is arranged below the coke supporting plates, and is provided with the pressure adjustment valve; the buried scraper conveyor is arranged at the bottom of the large quenching groove, and is connected with the first semi-coke cabin; the bottom end of the first semi-coke cabin is connected with the second semi-coke cabin; the bottom end of the first semi-coke cabin is separated from the second semi-coke cabin by the first switch; and the bottom end of the second semi-coke cabin is provided with the second switch, while a lower part is provided with the belt conveyor. The equipment simultaneously sprays water to red-hot carbonized semi-coke with the two spay pipes on the two sides of the coke supporting plate, generates steam after the water spray to quench the semi-coke and scrapes the quenched semi-coke out of the sealed large quenching groove with the buried scraper conveyor and the semi-coke has a water content about 8 percent, which saves a conventional drying procedure. For example, on a 75,000-ton semi-coke production line, about 44 m<3> water is saved every day, coal gases are saved and air pollution is reduced.

Method and apparatus for producing synthesis gas comprising the steps of combusting (4) a combustible gas to form hot flue gasses (7), passing the flue gasses (7) through heat storing means (1) so as to heat the heat storing means (1) to an elevated temperature, using the heat thus stored to heat biomass (2) to an elevated temperature so as to form synthesis gas, and withdrawing at least part of the synthesis gas formed, wherein following heating of the heat storing means (1) gaseous medium is circulated through the heat storing means (1), the biomass (2) and back to the heat storing means (1). Furthermore computer program product for performing the method of the invention and the use of the produced biogas are disclosed.

Apparatus and method converting feedstock (e.g., chicken litter) into oil, gas, and ash fertilizer has a reformer unit with (i) a feedstock input, (ii) an outer wall, (iii) a reaction chamber with an inner wall, (iv) a combustion gas input, (v) a scrubbing liquid input, (vi) a feedstock stirrer, (vii) an ash stirrer, (viii) an ash plate below the reaction chamber, and (ix) a combined liquid / gas output. The ash plate is separated from the inner wall. Feedstock and scrubbing liquid are preferably reacted within the reaction chamber to release useful hydrocarbon liquids and gasses which migrate to the top of the reformer, while ash from the reaction falls onto the ash plate from where it is output. Liquid / gas pump structure sends the combined liquid / gas from the reformer to gas / liquid separator structure which provides a gas output and a liquid output. The gas output may be used, flamed off, and / or recirculated to the reaction chamber. Oil / water separator structure receives the liquid output and provides a (e.g., scrubbing) water output and an oil output. Processor structure controls the various motors, valves, etc., to control the inputs / outputs and the temperature of the reformer so as to cause an electric current to flow upward along the inner wall and inward toward the reaction product within the reaction chamber to cause arcing in the feedstock; which arcing disassociates molecules into atoms, thus releasing more energy. The oil is refinable, the gas is high in energy content, and the ash fertilizer is high in nitrogen.

A method and system for extracting hydrocarbon fuel products from plastic material provides extraction of usable fuel components from waste plastic materials. The materials (or hydrocarbon portion thereof) are liquified and introduced to a chamber where the liquid material is agitated and a negative relative pressure (vacuum) is applied. The liquid is maintained at a substantially constant temperature and the vacuum draws the off-gas hydrocarbon products out for condensation and further processing, while unconverted char is removed to an ash dump. An auger feed unit with agitator buckets is used to propel the char through a feed while agitating the liquid to enhance the rate of gas removal.

A gasifier is disclosed combining a fixed bed gasification section where coarse fuel is gasified and an entrained flow gasification section where fine fuel is gasified. The fixed bed section includes upper and lower sections. Coarse fuel is devolatilized in the upper fixed bed section and subjected to elevated temperatures sufficient to crack and destroy tars and oils in the effluent gases. The entrained flow gasification section is disposed in a lower plenum adjacent the lower fixed bed section. A plurality of injection ports are configured to introduce oxygen, steam, or air into different sections of the gasifier to control temperature and operating conditions. Activated carbon may be formed in the upper fixed bed section and in the entrained flow section. The activated carbon may be used as a sorbent to remove pollutants from the effluent gases. The gasifier may be used with various coarse and fine fuel feedstocks.

The invention discloses a heat accumulating type external hot coal middle-low temperature pyrolysis furnace. The pyrolysis furnace is characterized in that a carbonization chamber (2) is isolated from air; the temperature of the carbonization chamber (2) is controlled to 500-800 DEG C by virtue of heat transferred from a heat accumulating type rapid-reversing high temperature air combustion chamber 1 in order to heat coal so as to continuously produce a solid fuel or semicoke; all of generated gas is the volatile of the coal, thus the gas has a high heat value; and after being purified, a part of generated gas returns back to the furnace to be used as the heat source of the pyrolysis furnace, and the rest part of gas is discharged. According to the invention, a heating technology of heat accumulating type rapid-reversing high temperature air combustion is introduced; the pyrolysis furnace disclosed by the invention has the advantages of high heat efficiency and simple furnace body structure; and co-production of high-quality solid fuel or semicoke, gas and tar is achieved, and the high-altitude emission of smoke generated by heating the gas meets a national environmentally-friendly standard.

A thermal cycle continuous automated coal pyrolyzing furnace, includes a furnace body, a coal feeding device, a preheating device, an inputting coal regulating bunker, an inputting coal cooling device, a coal pyrolyzation coking device, a coke modification device, a dry quenching device and a raw gas exporting device; wherein the coal feeding device, the pre-heating device, the inputting coal regulating bunker, the inputting coal cooling device, the coal pyrolyzation coking device, the coke modification device, the dry quenching device and the raw gas exporting device are all integrated on the furnace body; the coal pyrolyzation coking device includes a coking chamber, an external combustion gas heating device, an internal combustion gas heating device and a flame path bow. Utilizing the coal pyrolyzing furnace is capable of achieving continuously quenching, so as to improve quenching efficiency and decrease quenching cost.

A process for preparing high-stability modified asphalt features that the asphalt is modified by thermoplastic olefine polymer (SBS) or unsulfurized rubber (SBR) while a composite stabilizer is added, which is prepared from arylhydrocarbon concentration regulator, zinc oxide, S,N-substituted 2-benzothiazole sulfenamide, zinc dithioaminoformate, and p-phenyldiamine.

Tubes within a radiant heating section of a coking furnace are arranged differently than in a single vertical column and connected together in a simple, planar serpentine pattern. The tubes are arranged in a plurality of offset or staggered vertical columns. This arrangement permits the upper tubes to be close to the radiant heat source and allows the tube bends connecting adjacent tubes to be of greater radius, so that the pressure at which the feedstock is passed through the tube bundle can be lower allowing more vaporization of the cracked process fluids.

This invention is a kind of new-type vertical continuous coke oven, and a high-temperature dry distillation coking device of coal. The main characteristic of this invention is: After the cool furnace roof holds the coal, are urged to fall by the jar of hydraulic pressure of the furnt device, arrange the burnt device, list while being cool by stove bottom finally, dry distillation coal gas a part that course produce melt down and heat, the others support downstream production need; Air after preheating by heat exchanger, is it set up by oblique way fire dish mix burning with coal gas to enter, the high-temperautre waste gas after burning is discharged by the horizontal passway of the waste gas in the top of combustion chamber, retrieve heat energy for the power plant of remaining energy.

The invention relates to coal carbonization equipment and technology, and particularly relates to an internally heated coal carbonization furnace, an internally heated coal carbonization system and a coal carbonization technical method. The internally heated coal carbonization furnace comprises a furnace body, wherein a plurality of carbonization chambers are arranged in the furnace body side by side; high-temperature oxygen deficiency flue gas produced from a high-temperature oxygen deficiency flue gas generating device is directly fed to all the carbonization chambers through a vertical flue, so that the coal in the carbonization chambers is in direct contact with the high-temperature oxygen deficiency flue gas to perform coal carbonization. Walls on left and right sides of the carbonization chambers are flue gas permeability walls, and flue gas holes are formed in the wall bodies, so that the high-temperature oxygen deficiency flue gas can freely enter the carbonization chambers from the vertical flue. The internally heated coal carbonization furnace, the internally heated coal carbonization system and the coal carbonization technical method have the advantages that the efficiency is high, the energy consumption is low, the contamination factor is small, the maximization of coal carbonization efficiency is realized, the energy consumption is reduced, and the coking time is shortened.

A continuous multi-stage vertically sequenced gasification process for conversion of solid carbonaceous fuel material into clean (low tar) syngas. The process involves forming a pyrolysis residue bed having a uniform depth and width to pass raw syngas there through for an endothermic reaction, while controlling the reduction zone pressure drop, resident time and syngas flow space velocity during the endothermic reaction to form substantially tar free syngas, to reduce carbon content in the pyrolysis residue, and to reduce the temperature of raw syngas as compared to the temperature of the partial oxidation zone.

The invention relates to a shaft furnace process for producing iron coke. The iron coke produced by the shaft furnace process can partially replace an important raw material coke for blast furnace production. The shaft furnace process for producing the iron coke comprises the following main steps: crushing iron ore and non-coking coal, and carrying out uniform mixing, briquetting and drying on a crushed material and a binder; then adding a mixture into a carbonization chamber of a carbonization furnace by adopting a charging device; finishing reduction of iron and carbonization of the non-coking coal in the carbonization chamber by a preheating section and a carbonizing section, thereby forming the iron coke; cooling the iron coke, discharging and then charging into an iron coke groove. The shaft furnace process disclosed by the invention has remarkable advantages that a process is advanced and reliable, large-scale production of the iron coke can be realized, the quality of a product is good, the consumption of coke for blast furnace iron-making is reduced, the production cost of the blast furnace iron-making is reduced, the production efficiency of the blast furnace iron-making is improved, CO2 emission of the blast furnace iron-making is reduced, and the like.

Ferro-coke is produced by charging a dry distillation furnace with a molded material consisting of carbon-containing material and iron-containing material, dry-distilling the molded material in a dry distillation zone, injecting a cooling gas through a cooling gas injection tuyere provided in a cooling zone, cooling the ferro-coke, ejecting the in-furnace gas through a vent in the top of the furnace, and ejecting the ferro-coke from the lower portion of the cooling zone. The dry distillation is conducted by elevating into the dry distillation zone the cooling gas heat-exchanged with the ferro-coke in the cooling zone, injecting a high-temperature gas through a high-temperature gas injection tuyere provided in the lower portion of the dry distillation zone, and injecting a low-temperature gas through a low-temperature gas injection tuyere provided in the intermediate portion of the dry distillation zone.

There is described a system and method for recycling carbon-containing material, in particular tires and plastics materials. The system includes a heating arrangement for anaerobically heating carbon containing material to produce carbon-containing gases. A condensing arrangement is also used to condense a proportion of the carbon-containing gases to provide condensed gases and non-condensed gases. In addition, a recirculating arrangement is provided for recirculating the non-condensed gases into the heating arrangement. Further systems and methods for pre- and post-processing of the carbon-containing material are also disclosed and products of the systems and methods are also described.

A method and system for extracting hydrocarbon fuel products from plastic material provides extraction of usable fuel components from waste plastic materials. The materials (or hydrocarbon portion thereof) are liquified and introduced to a chamber where the liquid material is agitated and a negative relative pressure (vacuum) is applied. The liquid is maintained at a substantially constant temperature and the vacuum draws the off-gas hydrocarbon products out for condensation and further processing, while unconverted char is removed to an ash dump. An auger feed unit with agitator buckets is used to propel the char through a feed while agitating the liquid to enhance the rate of gas removal.

An improved process for the catalytic gasification of a carbonaceous feedstock in a dual fluidized bed reactor for producing synthesis gas is disclosed. The disclosure uses γ-alumina as a catalyst support iand heat carrier in the gasification zone (102). The gasification zone (102) is operated at 700 - 750 °C to prevent substantial conversion of γ-alumina to α-alumina, which would manifest in the enablement of high catalyst loading and high recyclability. The catalyst is an alkali metal, preferably K2CO3, so that conversion proportional to total K2CO3 to solid carbon ratio is achieved with as high K2CO3 loading as 50 wt% on the solid support. The combustion zone (140) is operated at 800° - 840° C, to prevent any conversion of the γ-alumina to a-alumina, so that catalyst recyclability of up to 98% is achieved between two successive cycles.