Staged biomass pyrolysis process and apparatus

a biomass pyrolysis and biomass technology, applied in the field of biomass pyrolysis, can solve problems such as undesirable, and achieve the effect of lowering the heating ra

Inactive Publication Date: 2011-11-17
ASTON UNIV
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AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

[0035]The plateau in the heat treatment schedule, at an elevated temperature but below the temperature at which significant pyrolysis will occur, is used in order to control the steepness of the temperature gradient at the biomass feedstock particles during the subsequent transition into the pyrolysis regime. The inventors consider that the lower the heating rate in this transition, then the lower the concentration in the pyrolysis products of fragments from high tar lignin-based components.

Problems solved by technology

This is considered undesirable.

Method used

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  • Staged biomass pyrolysis process and apparatus
  • Staged biomass pyrolysis process and apparatus
  • Staged biomass pyrolysis process and apparatus

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Embodiment Construction

[0045]FIG. 1 shows the schematic layout of a pyrolysis reactor apparatus 10 according to one embodiment of the invention.

[0046]In this apparatus, there is provided a first heating stage with a first fluidized bed reactor 12 with heat carrier (not shown) heated to 200° C. This heating stage amounts to a first pre-pyrolysis heating stage. Biomass feed material (not shown) is fed into first fluidized bed reactor 12 via inlet 14. Gaseous products (i.e. products, gaseous at or near 200° C., of heating the biomass feed material at 200° C.) from the first fluidized bed reactor 12 are extracted at first reactor gas product outlet 16. The gas product of the first reactor may be water-rich, but may still have a useful heating value. In this case, the gas product of the first reactor may be used to heat the heat carrier used in one or more of the reactors.

[0047]At the base of the first reactor 12 is outlet 18, for conveying the processed biomass feed material from the first reactor 12 to a sec...

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Abstract

A biomass pyrolysis process in which biomass feedstock particles (having a d5o mean particle size of at least 1 mm) are thermally treated substantially in the absence of oxygen to pyrolyse the biomass feedstock particles. The thermal treatment of the biomass feedstock particles includes a heat treatment drying step at a temperature in the range 100° C. to 250° C. Then, at a pre-pyrolysis heating location in a heat treatment system, the biomass feedstock particles are heated to a temperature in the range 280° C. to 350° C., held within the same temperature range for a time of at least 5 seconds and then moved from the pre-pyrolysis heating location to a pyrolysis heating location by a conveyor system for heating to a temperature above 350° C. for pyrolysis.

Description

BACKGROUND TO THE INVENTION[0001]1. Field of the Invention[0002]The present invention relates to biomass pyrolysis. It has particular, but not exclusive, application to biomass pyrolysis processes for the production of renewable liquid, gaseous and solid fuels.[0003]2. Related Art[0004]Biomass pyrolysis is the thermal decomposition of biomass (e.g. plant material such as wood and wood bark) substantially in the absence of oxygen. Biomass is typically a mixture of hemicellulose, cellulose, lignin and small amounts of other organics. These components typically pyrolyse or degrade at different rates and by different mechanisms and pathways.[0005]One traditional example of biomass pyrolysis is the production of charcoal, where the main product of the pyrolysis is char. Alternative biomass pyrolysis techniques provide a product which, after cooling, includes a substantial proportion of liquid. This liquid is typically a dark brown liquid having a heating value that is around one half the...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(United States)
IPC IPC(8): C10B57/02C10B49/16C10B53/02
CPCC10B1/10C10B49/16C10B49/22Y02E50/15C10B57/02Y02E50/14C10B53/02Y02P20/145Y02E50/10
Inventor HORNUNG, ANDREASAPFELBACHER, ANDREAS
Owner ASTON UNIV
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