The invention discloses an anti-penetration and anti-explosion 
cement-based protective 
engineering material and a preparation method thereof. The protective 
engineering material is of a three-layer gradient structure made from very-high-performance 
mortar of the same proportioning ratio, a bottom layer is made from 
hybrid-
fiber reinforced very-high-performance 
cement-based 
composite material, a middle layer is made from large-mixing-quantity steel-
fiber reinforced very-high-performance 
cement-based 
composite material, a top layer is made from very-high-performance 
mortar-grouted high-strength coarse aggregate concrete, and the interfacial adhesivity is good. The very-high-performance 
mortar is prepared from cement, industrial residues, 
nanomaterials, fine aggregates, an antifoamer, a high-performance water 
reducing agent and water. According to the protective 
engineering material disclosed by the invention, 
hybrid fibers of the bottom layer can be used for improving the 
toughness and 
impact wave absorbing action of the structure and can also be used for improving 
crack resistance and high-
temperature resistance; large-mixing-quantity steel fibers of the middle layer can be used for keeping the integrity of the structure and preventing 
bursting; high-strength coarse aggregates are added into the top layer, so that the 
penetration depth can be reduced, and the aim of anti-penetration and anti-explosion 
coupling action is achieved.