Curved lenses for underwater viewing with varying thickness

Abstract

The present invention relates to swimming or diving goggles for a user, characterized by the combination of features: the front cylindrical optical portion (3a, 3b) exhibiting a thickness variation of 2.0 mm to 4.0 mm over a horizontal cross-section of the lens (1a, 1b); the lateral spherical optical portion (4a, 4b) exhibiting a thickness variation of between 2.5 mm and 5 mm over a horizontal cross-section of the lens (1a, 1b); the lenses (1a, 1b) exhibiting a cylindrical curvature in the front cylindrical optical portion (3a, 3b) over a vertical cross-section of the lens (1a, 1b); and the lenses (1a, 1b) exhibiting a spherical curvature in the lateral spherical optical portion (4a, 4b) over a vertical cross-section of the lens (1a, 1b).

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] SUMMARY OF THE DISCLOSURE The present invention relates to goggles for swimmers and divers. [Background technology]

[0002] For a more comprehensive understanding of the present invention, a brief discussion should first be given regarding the state of the art in the general underwater field.

[0003] It should be emphasized that in this specification and in the claims that follow, the term "lens" is intended to refer specifically to a transparent optical aperture which, in use, separates the aqueous environment from the volume of air between this aperture and the facial surface surrounding the user's eyes.

[0004] Considering the general state of the art of masks and goggles for swimmers and divers, the lenses are either flat or cylindrical with a constant thickness.

[0005] It was common to think that vision in air / glass / water systems was only possible through flat lenses, and that other solutions would produce significant visual distortions.

[0006] It is well known that the main problem facing underwater vision is that non-planar lenses, which do not cause visible or noticeable distortion in air, instead form a light-refracting surface underwater by separating the water from the air (see Figure 20). Because water and air have very different refractive indices, the curvature or prismatic configuration of the lens greatly affects the refractive problem.

[0007] EP 0824029 describes a curved lens for underwater vision. In particular, in 1998 Technisub (Aqualung Group) launched and patented the Seal mask, the first swimming mask with a non-planar lens. All subsequent lenses manufactured by Aqualung Group under the Aquasphere brand from this date are derived from this curved lens profile. EP 0824029 describes a lens with a cylindrical tendency on the Y axis, which is derived from a family of curves that represent the vertical of the face and are tangent to the X axis horizontal to the face. In other words, it is an extrusion profile with a variable radius of movement. This family of curves produces a lens characterized by a large radius of curvature in the central (almost flat) area and a gradually smaller radius in the outer / lateral areas.

[0008] The inner and outer surfaces of the lens are always strictly parallel.

[0009] It is known that human vision is characterized by optimal visual capabilities in the central region of the visual field and visual "perception" in the lateral regions. The geometry of this lens therefore responds to the need to ensure good central vision and good lateral perception, and the special geometrical changes under study are designed to minimize distortions. It also guarantees a good underwater vision, characterized by a wide lateral field of view. However, the change in curvature on the X-axis causes deformations due to a horizontal elongation of the image, which, although subjectively tolerable and decodable by the eye / brain system, affects visual clarity.

[0010] It should be emphasized at the outset that, above and below, terms such as "horizontal" and "vertical", "upper" and "lower" are intended, for ease of explanation, to refer to the state in which the goggles according to the invention are worn on the face of a user standing upright. In general, the novelty and inventive step of the goggles according to the invention lies in the appropriate selection of sectors in which the visual device is not sufficiently accurate to perceive defects and is consequently disturbed, while relegating the least perfect visual areas to the two lateral ends, in a specific geometric shape capable of providing a substantially undistorted vision, especially in the areas where the human eye is designed to see perfectly (front, top, bottom).

[0011] Problem-solving approach: The most closely related prior art is EP 0 824 029, since this document relates to the same inventive object, namely to provide swimming or diving goggles adapted to ensure, in use, a completely panoramic vision over substantially 180°, free from obstructions and without significant optical impairments (see EP 0 824 029,

[18] ).

[0012] EP 0824029 describes goggles having a constant lens thickness of 1.5 mm and also describes that conventional goggles are typically made with lenses having a constant thickness, typically between 3 mm and 5 mm (see

[14] of EP 0824029).

[0013] The difference between the present invention and EP 0824029 is that the cylindrical anterior visual portion of the lens (3a, 3b) has a thickness variation between 2.0 mm and 4.0 mm on the horizontal cross section and the spherical lateral visual portion of the lens (4a, 4b) has a thickness variation between 2.5 mm and 5 mm on the horizontal cross section, and that there is a cylindrical curvature in the vertical cross section of the cylindrical anterior visual portion (3a, 3b) and a spherical curvature in the vertical cross section of the spherical lateral visual portion (4a, 4b).

[0014] The technical effect provided by the above differences is that the user of the goggles does not see distorted images, nor does he see flat, horizontally extended objects (see Table 1). [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0015] [Patent Document 1] European Patent No. 0824029 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0016] The technical problem aimed at by the present invention is to provide a curved lens adapted for improved underwater vision, i.e. avoiding the expansion of the image along the X (horizontal) axis which causes image distortion and resulting in a flattened, horizontally expanded perception of objects. The present invention avoids the above mentioned drawbacks.

[0017] A particular object of the invention also consists in providing swimming or diving goggles adapted to ensure a fully panoramic view over substantially 170° during use and to radically reduce visual deformations on the horizontal axis. Another object of the invention consists in improving the clarity and focus of the underwater view with a wide field of view. Another particular object of the invention consists in providing swimming or diving goggles which, thanks to the special geometric shape of the lenses, have an extremely reduced hydrodynamic drag and improved stability on the user's face.

[0018] The present invention is inventive in relation to EP 0824029, since EP 0824029 describes goggles with a constant lens thickness of 1.5 mm over the entire lens, i.e. over the cylindrical front visual portion and the spherical lateral visual portion. A person skilled in the art would not see any advantage in using a lens in EP 0824029 with a thickness variation of between 2.0 mm and 4.0 mm for the cylindrical front visual portion of the lens on the horizontal cross section and between 2.5 mm and 5 mm for the spherical lateral visual portion of the lens on the horizontal cross section. The curved lens of the present invention is designed to reduce to a minimum the optical aberrations in underwater vision by reducing the deformation of the image in the horizontal direction. This objective is achieved by endowing the lens with a corrective optical power obtained by a thickness variation on the horizontal axis and by a slight cylindrical / spherical curvature in the vertical axis. [Means for solving the problem]

[0019] Summary of the invention: The present invention relates to a pair of swimming or diving goggles for a user, comprising: A pair of parallel symmetrical lenses (1a, 1b) separated from each other or formed in a single piece; - contact means (9) which are watertightly connected to the lenses (1a, 1b) and which, in use, are applied in a watertight manner to the facial surface surrounding the user's eyes (E1, E2), such that, in use, the lenses (1a, 1b) are thus positioned in close proximity to the facial surface surrounding the user's eyes (E1, E2); lateral connection means (2A, 2A') and central connection means (2B, 2B') on the lenses (1a, 1b), which secure the contact means (9) to the lenses (1a, 1b); contact means (9) attached to the lenses (1a, 1b) by lateral connecting means (2A, 2A') and central connecting means (2B, 2B'); a goggle holding means (11) for holding the goggles behind the user's head; each lens (1a, 1b) having an inner surface (10A) and an outer surface (10B) for a respective eye (E1, E2) of a user; each lens (1a, 1b) having, for each eye (E1, E2) of a user, a cylindrical front optical portion (3a, 3b') and a spherical lateral optical portion (4a, 4b); the cylindrical front optical portion (3a, 3b) having a thickness variation of 2.0 mm to 4.0 mm in a horizontal cross section of the lens (1a, 1b); the spherical lateral optical portion (4a, 4b) has a thickness variation of 2.5 mm to 5 mm in a horizontal cross section of the lens (1a, 1b); the lenses (1a, 1b) have a cylindrical curvature in a vertical cross section of the lenses (1a, 1b) in their cylindrical front optical portion (3a, 3b); The lenses (1a, 1b) are characterized by a combination of features: that the lenses (1a, 1b) have a spherical curvature in the vertical cross section of the lenses (1a, 1b) of their spherical lateral optical portions (4a, 4b).

[0020] The outer surface of the lens is the surface in contact with the water and the inner surface of the lens is the surface in contact with the air inside the swimming or diving goggles.

[0021] Preferably, the cylindrical front visual portion (3a, 3b) has a thickness variation on the horizontal cross section between 2.0 mm and 3.1 mm, and the spherical lateral visual portion (4a, 4b) has a thickness variation on the horizontal cross section between 2.5 mm and 4 mm.

[0022] Preferably, the cylindrical front visual portion (3a, 3b) has a thickness variation on the horizontal cross section between 2.5 mm and 3.1 mm, and the spherical lateral visual portion (4a, 4b) has a thickness variation on the horizontal cross section between 3.1 mm and 4 mm.

[0023] Preferably, the cylindrical front visual portion (3a, 3b) has a thickness variation on the horizontal cross section between 3.0 mm and 4.0 mm, and the spherical lateral visual portion (4a, 4b) has a thickness variation on the horizontal cross section between 4.0 mm and 5 mm.

[0024] Preferably, a line of sight (Nr) emerges from the user's eyes (E1, E2) in a horizontal plane, the line of sight (Nr) is contained in a vertical plane perpendicular to the horizontal plane, the line of sight (Nr) strikes the outer surface (10B) of the lens (1a) at a first point (R) on the inner surface (10A) of the cylindrical front optical portion (3a) of the lens (1a) such that the line of sight (Nr) is perpendicular to the inner surface (10A) of the cylindrical front optical portion (3a), a first area of ​​the cylindrical front optical portion (3a) is defined by an angle alpha1 between the first point (R) and a second point (Zr) of the eyes (E1, E2), and the second point (Zr) is perpendicular to the inner surface (10A) of the cylindrical front optical portion (3a). a second area of ​​the cylindrical front optical portion (3a) defined by an angle alpha2 between the first point (R) and the central connection means (2B, 2B') of the eye (E1, E2), the angle alpha2 being between 10° and 15° to one side of the vertical plane, the angle alpha2 being included in the side opposite to the side containing the angle alpha1 with respect to the vertical plane (see FIG. 5).

[0025] Preferably, the spherical lateral visual portion (4a) of the lens (1a) is defined by a third region having an angle beta starting immediately after a point (Zr), which point (Zr) corresponds to a point on the outer surface of the lens (1a) located at the lateral end of the cylindrical anterior visual portion (3a, 3b), the third region terminating at a lateral connection means (2A, 2A') on the lens (1a) relative to the eye (E1, E2), the angle beta being between 10° and 20° (see FIG. 5).

[0026] Preferably, the line of sight emerging from the user's eyes (E1, E2) and passing through the spherical lateral visual portions (4a, 4b) in the horizontal plane has a divergence angle of less than or equal to 5° with respect to the vertical plane of symmetry of the lenses (1a, 1b).

[0027] Preferably, the cylindrical front optical portion (3a) of lens (1a) is symmetrical to the cylindrical front optical portion (3b) of lens (1b).

[0028] Preferably, the spherical lateral visual portion (4a) of lens (1a) is symmetrical to the spherical lateral visual portion (4b) of lens (1b).

[0029] Preferably, the inner surface (10A) and the outer surface (10B) of the lenses (1a, 1b) are not parallel but intersect.

[0030] The present invention also relates to providing the lens with a corrective optical power obtained by varying the thickness of the lens along a horizontal axis; Creating a cylindrical / spherical curvature on the vertical axis; The present invention relates to swimming or diving goggles obtained by a process comprising the steps of:

[0031] The features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the detailed description given with reference to the accompanying drawings, given by way of non-limiting example only, in which: [Brief description of the drawings]

[0032] [Figure 1] 1 is a simplified schematic diagram showing the main structure of a lens, in particular showing the positions of spline A (the horizontal central cross section of the inner surface of the lens) and spline B (the horizontal central cross section of the outer surface of the lens). [Diagram 2] 2 is a simplified schematic horizontal cross-sectional view showing the main structure of the lens. In particular, FIG. 2 shows the horizontal central cross-section of the inner surface and details of the arcs RA, RB, RC, RD, and RE that form the spline A. [Diagram 3] 3 is a simplified schematic horizontal cross-sectional view showing the main structure of the lens. In particular, FIG. 3 shows the horizontal central cross-section of the outer surface and details of the arcs RA, RB, RC, RD, RE, and RF that form the spline B. [Figure 4]FIG. 4 is a simplified schematic diagram showing the essential structure of a lens. In particular, FIG. 4 shows details of vertical sections of the lens. Vertical sections A to F on the vertical axis are arcs of variable radius. They "hang" from a reference spline A, which determines the horizontal axis of the lens. Spline A represents the keel of the vessel, and sections A to F represent the ribs, which together define the shape of the lens. [Diagram 5] 5 is a simplified schematic horizontal cross-sectional view showing the main structure of the right lens (1a) (eye E1). In particular, FIG. 5 shows the cylindrical visual area (angles alpha1 and alpha2), the spherical visual area (angle beta) and the lateral non-visual area. The line of sight Nr from eye E1 is perpendicular to the lens (1a). [Figure 6] 5 is a simplified schematic horizontal cross-sectional view showing the main structure of the left lens (1b) (eye E2). In particular, FIG. 5 shows the cylindrical visual area (angles alpha1 and alpha2), the spherical visual area (angle beta) and the lateral non-visual area. The line of sight Nr from eye E2 is perpendicular to the lens (1b). [Figure 7] Simplified schematic horizontal cross-section showing the essential structure of two lenses. Figure 7 shows the variable thickness of lenses (1a, 1b) with a constant specific thickness value in mm. The left side of the figure shows the variation of the inner radius. The profile is made up of a group of variable radii perfectly tangent to each other. The dimensions represent the thickness variation that gradually increases in the peripheral area. The effect of this variation is to improve the underwater vision, i.e. to reduce the distortion of the image perceived in horizontal vision. The right side of the figure represents the variation of the outer radius. The profile is made up of a group of variable radii perfectly tangent to each other. [Figure 8] 8 is a simplified schematic diagram showing the essential structure of the lens, and FIG 8 shows details of the positioning and regular spacing of a vertical cross section of the lens. [Figure 9]A simplified schematic diagram showing the essential structure of a lens. This diagram explains the shape of the lens in relation to the perceptual capabilities of the human eye. The central area of ​​the field of view, which extends horizontally to about 60°, is responsible for the clear view of objects. In this area, the curvature of the lens is reduced to a minimum. The lateral areas of the field of view are the areas that the human eye perceives but does not see accurately. This area of ​​the lens is called the spherical visual area. [Figure 10] 10 is a simplified schematic diagram showing the main structure of a lens, and FIG. 10 shows the case of a double glass structure. [Figure 11] FIG. 2 shows how an object that should be seen when placed 1 m from the mask, i.e. a square object, is actually perceived underwater with the prior art goggles of EP 0 824 029, i.e. in rectangular form. [Figure 12] FIG. 1 shows how an object that is actually a square is perceived underwater with the goggles of the present invention, i.e. how the object appears when placed 1 m from the goggles, i.e. how the shape of the observed object does not change. [Figure 13] 1 shows a right front perspective view of a pair of swimming goggles of the present invention. [Figure 14] 1 shows a left front perspective view of a pair of swimming goggles of the present invention. [Figure 15] 1 shows a right rear perspective view of a pair of swimming goggles according to the present invention. [Figure 16] 1 shows a left rear perspective view of a pair of swimming goggles according to the present invention; [Figure 17] 1 shows a bottom view of the swimming goggles of the present invention. [Figure 18] 1 shows a front view of swimming goggles of the present invention. [Figure 19] 1 shows a top view of a pair of swimming goggles of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0033] The lens of the invention comprises an inner surface (10A) facing the image side and in contact with the air contained inside the goggles when the goggles are in use. The inner surface (10A) of the lens has, in its horizontal central cross section, a spline A (see FIG. 1) consisting of mutually tangent circular arcs RA, RB, RC, RD, RE (FIG. 2), where RA=360±40 mm, RB=220±20 mm, RC=115±15 mm, RD=55±5 mm, RE=33±3 mm.

[0034] The transition point from RA to RB is located at 14 mm from the vertical plane of symmetry of the lens, the transition point from RB to RC is located at 28 mm from the vertical plane of symmetry of the lens, the transition point from RD to RC is located at 42 mm from the vertical plane of symmetry of the lens, and the transition point from RD to RE is located at 56 mm from the vertical plane of symmetry of the lens.

[0035] The geometry of the inner surface of the lens is generated by a series of cross sections A, B, C, D, E, F located on spline A (Figure 4), where cross section A is located on the vertical symmetry plane of the lens, cross section B is located on the transition point from RA to RB, cross section C is located at the transition point from RB to RC, cross section D is located at the transition point from RD to RC, cross section E is located at the transition point from RE to RD and cross section F is 14 mm from cross section E.

[0036] Each cross section has an inner profile that is a circular arc with different radii R1, R2, R3, R4, R5. R1=7100±700mm, R2=6950±690mm, R3=7000±700mm, R4=7100±700mm, R5=6900±690mm.

[0037] An outer surface (10B) that faces the object side and is in contact with water on the outside of the goggle when the goggle is in use. In its horizontal central cross section, the outer surface has spline B (Figure 1) that is not parallel to spline A.

[0038] Spline B is composed of mutually tangent circular arcs RA, RB, RC, RD, RE (see FIG. 3), where RA=270±30mm, RB=270±30mm, RC=120±20mm, RD=60±10mm, RE=35±5mm. The transition point from RA to RB is located at 14mm from the vertical plane of symmetry of the lens, the transition point from RB to RC is located at 28mm from the vertical plane of symmetry of the lens, the transition point from RD to RC is located at 42mm from the vertical plane of symmetry of the lens, the transition point from RD to RE is located at 56mm from the vertical plane of symmetry of the lens, and the transition point from RE to RF is located at 70mm from the vertical plane of symmetry of the lens.

[0039] The geometry of the outer surface of the lens is generated by a series of sections A, B, C, D, E, F arranged on a spline B (see FIG. 4), where section A is arranged on the vertical plane of symmetry of the lens, section B is arranged on the transition point from RA to RB, section C is arranged on the transition point from RB to RC, section D is arranged on the transition point from RD to RC, section E is arranged on the transition point from RE to RD, and section F is 14 mm from section E. Sections A, B, C, D, E, and F have outer profiles that are straight lines. Beyond section F, now outside the field of view, the vertical profile of the outer surface can be completed by a circular arc with a radius of curvature value of 50 mm or more.

[0040] As a result, the inner (10A) and outer (10B) surfaces of the lens are not parallel. The inner curve of the lens is calculated to reduce lateral deformation.

[0041] The objective is achieved by endowing the lens with a corrective optical power obtained by gradually thickening areas along a horizontal line. This variation is calculated not in air as in conventional corrective lenses, but in the optical system in which it is actually used, i.e. in the air contained in the mask / goggles, the lens and the water of the external environment.

[0042] In this way, the lenses are produced to have an optical power of 0 in water and are therefore not designed as corrective lenses, which is characteristic of prescription lenses, but as lenses designed to reduce distortions due to the curved nature associated with the presence of optical prisms constituted by the body of water.

[0043] The lens geometry is therefore cylindrical in the visual area to minimize deformation along the horizontal axis and spherical in the lateral areas to optimize perception.

[0044] This particular optical / geometric solution can be applied both to a single lens and to two differentiated lenses. In the case of two lenses, these are cut from the same surface as described in this patent, taking into account the interpupillary distance. The part of the lens used by the mask or goggles with two differentiated lenses must be in a precise position relative to the optical center of the single lens.

[0045] Starting from the lens geometry demonstrated above, the object of the invention is to propose a lens made up of a family of radii varying along the X-axis, but characterized by the following innovative criteria: 1) The inner (10A) and outer (10B) surfaces of the lens are not parallel. The inner curve of the lens is in fact calculated to reduce lateral deformations. The objective is achieved by giving the lens a corrective optical power obtained by gradually thickening areas along the horizontal line. 2) As shown earlier, it turns out that the change in curvature on the X (horizontal) axis determines the deformation due to horizontal stretching of the image. To limit this deformation, an inner sphere is also introduced on the Y (vertical) axis.

[0046] As a result, the inner surface (10A) is generated by horizontal splines consisting of perfect tangent compound curves and vertical cambers that extend in a fixed path above the aforementioned horizontal splines that do not extend parallel to the outer splines and the variable spherical vertical sections. These curved vertical sections are also variable, starting at a radius of 7,100 mm in the central region and rising to 10,000 mm in the side regions.

[0047] The inner lens surface can therefore be described as the hull of a ship. There are horizontal lines that form the keel and curved ribs perpendicular to it. This system of curves is the framework on which the inner lens surface is built.

[0048] Manufacturing process: The lens is injection molded with a thermoplastic material and then assembled with a rigid frame and silicone skirt system, or the silicone skirt is overmolded directly onto the lens. [Table 1]

[0049] A person skilled in the art would be surprised to find that the perception of a square object in water is not altered by the goggles of the present invention (i.e. there are no deformed, flattened or horizontally extended objects), whereas the perception of a square object in water with the goggles of EP 0824029 shows a rectangle rather than a square. To achieve this surprising effect, it is necessary to use a variable thickness of the cylindrical region in the horizontal cross section (half height) of 2.0 to 4.0 mm in combination with the use of a variable thickness of the spherical lateral region in the horizontal cross section (half height) of 2.5 to 5.0 mm, but ideally a variable thickness of the cylindrical region in the horizontal cross section (half height) of 2.5 to 3.1 mm in combination with a variable thickness of the spherical lateral region in the horizontal cross section (half height) of 3.1 to 4.0 mm, all of the above ranges combined with an inner sphericity introduced in the Y (vertical) axis of the lens.

[0050] The above technical features represent inventive functions.

[0051] The cylindrical forward viewing portion (3a, 3b) also has a horizontal cross section that is between 2.0mm and 3.1mm, or between 2.1mm and 3.1mm, or between 2.2mm and 3.1mm, or between 2.3mm and 3.1mm, or between 2.4mm and 3.1mm, or between 2.5mm and 3.1mm, or between 2.6mm and 3.1mm, or between 2.7mm and 3.1mm, or between 2.8mm and 3.1mm, or between 2.9mm and 3.1mm, or between 2.0mm and 3.0mm, or between 2.1mm and 2.9mm, or between 2.2mm and 2.8mm, or between 2.3mm and 2.7mm, or and may also have a thickness variation between 2.4mm and 2.6mm, or between 2.5mm and 3.0mm, or between 2.6mm and 3.0mm, or between 2.7mm and 3.0mm, or between 2.8mm and 3.0mm, or between 2.9mm and 3.0mm, or between 2.1mm and 3.9mm, or between 2.2mm and 3.8mm, or between 2.3mm and 3.7mm, or between 2.4mm and 3.6mm, or between 2.5mm and 3.5mm, or between 2.6mm and 3.4mm, or between 2.7mm and 3.3mm, or between 2.8mm and 3.2mm, or between 2.9mm and 3.1mm; The spherical lateral visual portion (4a, 4b) has a dimension in horizontal section between 3.1 mm and 3.7 mm, or between 3.1 mm and 4 mm, or between 3.2 mm and 4 mm, or between 3.3 mm and 4 mm, or between 3.4 mm and 4 mm, or between 3.5 mm and 4 mm, or between 3.6 mm and 4 mm, or between 3.7 mm and 4 mm, or between 3.8 mm and 4 mm, or between 3.9 mm and 4 mm, or between 3.1 mm and 3.9 mm, or between 3.2 mm and 3.8 mm, or between 3.3 mm and 3.7 mm, or between 3.4 mm and 3.6 mm, or between 3.5 mm and 3.9 mm, or between 3.6 mm and 3.9 mm, or between 3.7 mm and 3.9 mm, or between 3. It may also have a thickness variation between 1 mm and 3.9 mm, or between 3.1 mm and 3.8 mm, or between 2.5 mm and 5.0 mm, or between 2.6 mm and 4.9 mm, or between 2.7 mm and 4.8 mm, or between 2.8 mm and 4.7 mm, or between 2.9 mm and 4.6 mm, or between 2.8 mm and 4.5 mm, or between 2.9 mm and 4.4 mm, or between 3.0 mm and 4.3 mm, or between 3.1 mm and 4.2 mm, or between 3.2 mm and 4.2 mm, or between 3.3 mm and 4.2 mm, or between 3.4 mm and 4.1 mm, or between 3.5 mm and 4.0 mm, or between 3.6 mm and 3.9 mm, or between 3.7 mm and 3.8 mm.

[0052] Any of the aforementioned ranges for the cylindrical front optical portions (3a, 3b) can be combined with any of the aforementioned ranges for the spherical lateral optical portions (4a, 4b).

Claims

1. 1. Swimming or diving goggles for a user, comprising: A pair of parallel symmetrical lenses (1a, 1b) separated from each other or formed in a single piece; contact means (9) that are watertightly connected to said lenses (1a, 1b) and adapted to be applied in a watertight manner to the facial surface surrounding the eyes (E1, E2) of the user, such that, in use, said lenses (1a, 1b) are thus positioned in close proximity to the facial surface surrounding the eyes (E1, E2) of the user; lateral connection means (2A, 2A') and central connection means (2B, 2B') on said lenses (1a, 1b), which fix the contact means (9) to said lenses (1a, 1b); said contact means (9) being attached to said lenses (1a, 1b) by said lateral connection means (2A, 2A') and said central connection means (2B, 2B'); and a goggle holding means (11) for holding the goggles behind the user's head; each lens (1a, 1b) having, with respect to a respective eye (E1, E2) of said user, an inner surface (10A) and an outer surface (10B); each lens (1a, 1b) having, for each eye (E1, E2) of said user, a cylindrical front optical portion (3a, 3b) and a spherical lateral optical portion (4a, 4b); said cylindrical front optical portion (3a, 3b) having a thickness variation in a horizontal cross section of said lens (1a, 1b) of from 2.0 mm to 4.0 mm; said spherical lateral visual portion (4a, 4b) having a thickness variation in a horizontal section of said lens (1a, 1b) of from 2.5 mm to 5.0 mm; said lenses (1a, 1b) having a cylindrical curvature in a vertical cross section of said lenses (1a, 1b) in said cylindrical front optical portion (3a, 3b); said lenses (1a, 1b) having a spherical curvature in a vertical cross section of said lenses (1a, 1b) of said spherical lateral visual portion (4a, 4b); 1. Swimming or diving goggles for a user, comprising:

2. 2. Swimming or diving goggles according to claim 1, wherein said cylindrical front visual portion (3a, 3b) has a thickness variation on said horizontal cross section between 2.0 mm and 3.1 mm and said spherical lateral visual portion (4a, 4b) has a thickness variation on said horizontal cross section between 2.5 mm and 4.0 mm.

3. 2. Swimming or diving goggles according to claim 1, wherein said cylindrical front visual portion (3a, 3b) has a thickness variation on said horizontal cross section between 2.5 mm and 3.1 mm and said spherical lateral visual portion (4a, 4b) has a thickness variation on said horizontal cross section between 3.1 mm and 4.0 mm.

4. 2. Swimming or diving goggles according to claim 1, wherein the cylindrical front visual portion (3a, 3b) has a thickness variation on the horizontal cross section between 3.0 mm and 4.0 mm and the spherical lateral visual portion (4a, 4b) has a thickness variation on the horizontal cross section between 4.0 mm and 5.0 mm.

5. A line of sight (Nr) emerges from one of the eyes (E1, E2) of the user in a horizontal plane, the line of sight (Nr) is contained in a vertical plane perpendicular to the horizontal plane, the line of sight (Nr) strikes the outer surface (10B) of the lens (1a) at a first point (R) on the inner surface (10A) of the cylindrical front optical portion (3a) of the lens (1a), the line of sight (Nr) being perpendicular to the inner surface (10A) of the cylindrical front optical portion (3a), a first area of ​​the cylindrical front optical portion (3a) is defined by an angle alpha1 between the first point (R) and a second point (Zr) of the eye (E1, E2), the second point (Zr) being perpendicular to the inner surface (10A) of the cylindrical front optical portion (3a), 2. The swimming or diving goggles according to claim 1, wherein said first angle alpha1 corresponds to a point on said outer surface (10B) of said lens (1a) located at a lateral end of said eye (E1, E2), said first angle alpha1 being between 45° and 50° relative to one side of said vertical plane, and a second area of ​​said cylindrical front optical part (3a) is defined by an angle alpha2 between said first point (R) and a central connection means (2B, 2B') of said eye (E1, E2), said angle alpha2 being between 10° and 15° relative to one side of said vertical plane, said angle alpha2 being defined on a side opposite to the side defining said angle alpha1, relative to the vertical plane.

6. 2. Swimming or diving goggles according to claim 1, wherein the spherical lateral visual portion (4a) of the lens (1a) is defined by a third region having a third angle beta starting immediately after a point (Zr), said point (Zr) corresponding to a point on the outer surface (10B) of the lens (1a, 1b) located at a lateral end of the cylindrical front visual portion (3a, 3b), said third region terminating at the lateral connection means (2A, 2A') on the lens (1a, 1b) relative to the eye (E1, E2), said angle beta being between 10° and 20°.

7. 7. Swimming or diving goggles according to claim 6, wherein the lines of sight emerging from the user's eyes (E1, E2) and passing through the spherical lateral visual portions (4a, 4b) in a horizontal plane have a divergence angle of less than or equal to 5° with respect to a vertical axis of symmetry of the entire swimming or diving goggles.

8. 6. Swimming or diving goggles according to claim 5, wherein the cylindrical front optical portion (3a) of the lens (1a) is symmetrical with respect to the cylindrical front optical portion (3b) of the lens (1b).

9. 7. Swimming or diving goggles according to claim 6, wherein the spherical lateral viewing portion (4a) of the lens (1a) is symmetrical with respect to the spherical lateral viewing portion (4b) of the lens (1b).

10. 2. Swimming or diving goggles according to claim 1, wherein the inner (10A) and outer (10B) surfaces of the lenses (1a, 1b) are not parallel.

11. providing said lens with a corrective optical power defined by a thickness variation on a horizontal axis; generating a cylindrical / spherical curvature on said perpendicular axis; Swimming or diving goggles according to any one of claims 1 to 10, obtained according to a process consisting of:

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