Phonetic symbol display system, phonetic symbol display program, and speech output system

Abstract

To provide a pronunciation symbol display system, a pronunciation symbol display program and a voice output system for displaying pronunciation symbols capable of visually recognizing the image of a voice and suitably expressing various pronunciations.SOLUTION: In the symbol display section 21A, a plurality of graphic pronunciation symbols are displayed side by side, the graphic pronunciation symbols using consonant-oriented morphology symbols which are symbols imitating the morphology of the pronunciation organs and correspond to the articulation parts, vowel-oriented morphology symbols in which a component part representing the front-back position of the tongues by the position in the left-right direction and a component part representing the size of the gap from the upper jaw to the tongues by the position in the up-down direction are combined, and auxiliary symbols, and pronunciations output as voices can be represented by the graphic pronunciation symbols corresponding to the respective pronunciations.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention provides a phonetic notation system that displays phonetic symbols that allow visual recognition of the image of a sound. A phonetic symbol display system and a phonetic symbol display program, and a system for displaying pronunciations represented by these phonetic symbols. The present invention relates to an audio output system capable of outputting audio corresponding to a sound. [Background technology]

[0002] Traditionally, when learning other languages ​​such as English, phonetic symbols are used to represent pronunciation. It is known to check the pronunciation of a language, and this phonetic symbol is called IPA (International Phonetic Alphabet). In IPA, for example, the segments are classified into consonants and vowels, Sounds are classified by place of articulation, and symbols are set corresponding to detailed classifications. By using A, it is possible to express the pronunciation of many languages, so it is possible to use common phonetic symbols. It is possible to study multiple languages. A method has also been proposed to make it easier for Japanese people to imagine the pronunciation by using Takana expressions ( For example, see Patent Document 1. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2015-191431 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] However, when using IPA to represent speech, it is necessary to create a phonetic symbol for each pronunciation. Unless you understand the pronunciation correctly, it is difficult to imagine the various pronunciations expressed by phonetic symbols. For this reason, beginners often have trouble figuring out how to pronounce the pronunciations expressed in phonetic symbols. There was a problem in that it was often the case that people could not understand the pronunciation just by looking at the symbols. Although there are some pronunciations that are completely different and some that are similar, the pronunciation based on the IPA There is a problem in that it is difficult to judge whether the pronunciation is similar just by looking at the phonetic symbols. It was.

[0005] Furthermore, IPA uses the existing Latin alphabet as a base, and modifies the basic characters to fill in the missing parts. Or it is established by adding another auxiliary symbol, and it is used for pronunciations that are less frequently used or for minority pronunciations. Phonetic symbols that uniquely correspond to certain pronunciations, such as special pronunciations used in ethnic languages For pronunciations for which no phonetic symbols are set, a different symbol with a similar pronunciation is used. Although it can be expressed with phonetic symbols, multiple phonetic symbols correspond to the same pronunciation. In this case, pronunciations expressed with different phonetic symbols may not represent the same pronunciation. It is difficult to determine whether it is a representation of the original or a different pronunciation. There were also some issues.

[0006] In addition, when expressing sounds using katakana expressions, various pronunciations can be expressed. Although it is possible, foreigners who do not know katakana cannot imagine the sound. The problem was that the phonetic symbols were set to symbols that could be commonly used in many countries. It is preferable to avoid using characters used in some languages, such as katakana or Latin characters. It is possible that various sounds can be expressed appropriately even without using a dedicated microphone.

[0007] The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and aims to provide a method for visually recognizing an image of a sound. Phonetic symbol display that displays phonetic symbols that can suitably express various pronunciations The present invention aims to provide a system, a phonetic symbol display program, and a voice output system. [Means for solving the problem]

[0008] In order to solve the above problem, the phonetic symbol display system according to claim 1 comprises: A phonetic symbol display system that can be controlled to display graphic phonetic symbols that can represent pronunciation. , A plurality of types of symbols, including at least symbols that mimic the shape of the vocal organs, are set, and the articulatory parts are morphological symbols for consonants that can be expressed; By combining with the consonant morphological symbols, the types of sounds including nasal and voiced sounds can be represented. Auxiliary symbols for reproducible consonants, A component that expresses the front-to-back position of the tongue, and a component that expresses the width of the gap between the upper jaw and the tongue. morphological symbols for vowels, combining and a vowel supplementary symbol that can be combined with the vowel shape symbol. a graphic symbol display means capable of displaying graphic phonetic symbols; an information input means for inputting information for displaying the graphic phonetic symbols; A graphic phonetic symbol formed by combining the consonant shape symbol with the consonant auxiliary symbol. The vowel morphological symbol is used together with the vowel morphological symbol, or the vowel morphological symbol is used together with the vowel auxiliary symbol. and a plurality of graphic phonetic symbols including at least one of the graphic phonetic symbols formed by combining symbols. The sound symbols are displayed in a line by the graphic symbol display means, and the sound is The pronunciation output by the system can be expressed by graphic phonetic symbols corresponding to each pronunciation. It is characterized by being

[0009] The phonetic symbol display system according to claim 2 is a phonetic symbol display system according to claim 1. As a supplementary symbol for the consonant, the tip of the tongue is either tense or brought to a specific position. The graphic symbol display means includes at least an extensible symbol corresponding to an extensible symbol that expresses the following: The size range of the consonant shape symbol is set so that the linear portion corresponding to the protractive symbol is included. In this way, graphic phonetic symbols with expansive properties are displayed.

[0010] The phonetic symbol display system according to claim 3 is a phonetic symbol display system according to claim 1 or 2. a system including a character symbol display means capable of displaying phonetic symbols using Latin characters, The graphic symbol display means displays the pronunciation using Latin letters displayed by the character symbol display means. The system is configured to be able to display graphic phonetic symbols corresponding to the symbols.

[0011] The phonetic symbol display program according to claim 4 is a program for displaying phonetic symbols according to claim 1. a program usable in the computer system for displaying the graphic symbols on the graphic symbol display means; By displaying the pronunciations in a row, the pronunciations that are output as audio for the language can be displayed in a row. It is designed to be able to be expressed by corresponding graphic phonetic symbols.

[0012] The audio output system according to claim 5 comprises: A voice output system capable of outputting voice corresponding to pronunciation expressed by phonetic symbols. It is A plurality of types of symbols, including at least symbols that mimic the shape of the vocal organs, are set, and the articulatory parts are morphological symbols for consonants that can be expressed; By combining with the consonant morphological symbols, the types of sounds including nasal and voiced sounds can be represented. Auxiliary symbols for reproducible consonants, A component that expresses the front-to-back position of the tongue, and a component that expresses the width of the gap between the upper jaw and the tongue. morphological symbols for vowels, combining and a vowel supplementary symbol that can be combined with the vowel shape symbol. a graphic symbol display means capable of displaying graphic phonetic symbols; receiving an output operation for outputting a sound corresponding to the pronunciation represented by the graphic phonetic symbols; an operation receiving means for receiving the operation; When the output operation is performed, the graphic pronunciation record displayed by the graphic symbol display means a sound output means capable of outputting a sound corresponding to the pronunciation expressed by the signal, A graphic phonetic symbol formed by combining the consonant shape symbol with the consonant auxiliary symbol. The vowel morphological symbol is used together with the vowel morphological symbol, or the vowel morphological symbol is used together with the vowel auxiliary symbol. and graphic phonetic symbols that are composed of a combination of symbols. is displayed by the graphic symbol display means, When the output operation is accepted, the graphic pronunciation symbol displayed by the graphic symbol display means is The sound output means can output a sound corresponding to the pronunciation expressed by the signal. It is characterized by being composed of [Effects of the Invention]

[0013] According to the phonetic symbol display system and phonetic symbol display program of the present invention, consonant morphological symbols are The vowel shape symbols allow you to visualize the front and back positions of the tongue and the position of the upper jaw. You can imagine the width of the gap between the tongue and the mouth. It is easy to imagine the pronunciation expressed, and beginners and foreigners who do not understand Japanese can understand it. The phonetic symbols can be made easy to use for people.

[0014] In addition, the types of sounds, including nasal and voiced sounds, are expressed by auxiliary symbols for consonants, and for vowels, However, since the type of sound is expressed by the auxiliary symbols for vowels, pronunciations that share the same type of sound are It is expressed in a form that includes auxiliary symbols. Therefore, completely different pronunciations and similar pronunciations can be distinguished by the diagram. The number and relative positions of different parts in the phonetic symbols will result in different expressions. The degree of difference in the appearance of the graphic phonetic symbols makes it easy to understand whether the pronunciations are similar or not. It is possible.

[0015] In addition, the shape of the articulatory organs, such as the articulatory part and the front-back position of the tongue, and the type of sound are used to create graphic pronunciation. Because it is a symbol, it is difficult to distinguish pronunciations that are used less frequently or in languages ​​of ethnic groups with few users. Sounds can also be uniquely expressed using graphic phonetic symbols that correspond to the shape of the vocal organs and the type of sound. This reduces the number of situations where multiple phonetic symbols correspond to the same pronunciation. This allows for a wide range of pronunciations to be expressed appropriately.

[0016] Furthermore, according to the speech output system of the present invention, the speech output system can output a speech corresponding to the pronunciation expressed by the graphic phonetic symbols. The recorded voice can be output by executing the output operation, so it is possible to It is possible to provide a system that allows easy confirmation of the pronunciation corresponding to a number. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0017] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a phonetic symbol control system of the present invention. [Figure 2] FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example of a screen for inputting graphic phonetic symbols. [Figure 3] A diagram illustrating graphic phonetic symbols and etymological diagrams corresponding to the places of articulation. [Figure 4] FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of an input operation of graphic phonetic symbols. [Figure 5] A diagram illustrating graphic phonetic symbols corresponding to latissimus, nasal, voicing, value, and phonemes. [Figure 6] A diagram illustrating the correspondence between IPA notation and graphic phonetic symbols for consonants and vowels [Figure 7] A diagram showing the correspondence between consonants with multiple IPA notations and graphic phonetic symbols [Figure 8] A diagram showing the correspondence between vowels with multiple IPA notations and graphic phonetic symbols [Figure 9] A diagram showing the correspondence between IPA notation and graphic phonetic symbols when expressing sound changes in modern languages. [Figure 10] A diagram showing the correspondence between IPA notation and graphic phonetic symbols when expressing sound changes over time and when comparing different languages. [Figure 11] Illustration showing graphic phonetic symbols other than consonants (pulmonal airflow) and vowels [Figure 12] A diagram explaining the graphic phonetic symbols common to the IPA notation [Figure 13] A diagram for explaining a method for determining similar sounds using graphic phonetic symbols. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0018] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0019] FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a phonetic symbol control system 10 of the present invention. The system 10 allows visual recognition of sound images and allows various pronunciations to be suitably selected. This system can control the display of graphic phonetic symbols that can be expressed in a simple manner. The phonetic symbol control system 10 outputs a sound corresponding to the pronunciation represented by the graphic phonetic symbols. In the following, the phonetic symbol control system 10 is The computer contains the control data and control program for an application called C6V3. It is installed and can be used to display C6V3 notation graphic phonetic symbols expressed using C6V3. The explanation will be given mainly with reference to the input operation screen that can be used. This is a specific example set as a case, and the notation does not necessarily have to be exactly the same. It is not necessary to use the same pronunciation as the example, and it is possible to use a different pronunciation than the example. There are different classifications for different phonetic symbols, and different names can be used for phonetic symbols. You can use the name.

[0020] The phonetic symbol control system 10 includes a control unit 11 that executes various processes (controls) and an input operation An input unit 12 that can input information, audio data, image data, etc., and a device that can display graphic phonetic symbols a display unit 13, and a sound output unit 14 capable of outputting sample sounds and voices corresponding to the graphic phonetic symbols. The system can be configured as a system having the above.

[0021] The control unit 11 includes a control device (arithmetic device) and a storage device for storing various data and control programs. The control unit 11 (storage device) can include, for example, control data. It provides graphic phonetic symbol data for displaying graphic phonetic symbols, and audio and sample sound output. It displays sample sound data, IPA notation data corresponding to IPA notation, and explanations. It also stores explanatory data for the purpose of controlling the game, and also includes graphic phonetic symbols and IP A program for displaying phonetic symbols in A notation, and a voice playback program for playing audio. The control unit 11 receives information necessary for displaying graphic phonetic symbols from the input unit 12. By inputting the information, graphic phonetic symbols, IPA phonetic symbols, explanations, etc. are displayed on the display unit 13. The control unit 11 also controls the display unit 13 to display the phonetic symbols. The control unit 11 executes control to output a sound corresponding to the pronunciation being expressed from the sound output unit 14.

[0022] The control unit 11 can be configured using one computer, or can be configured as an information server. It is also possible to configure a system using multiple computers as a combination of clients. For example, a personal computer (PC) or a smartphone can be used as a client. The learner connects to the information server via an internet line and inputs data from various devices that act as input units 12. The image of the graphic phonetic symbols generated by the information server based on the input pronunciation information is displayed by clicking the It can also be configured so that the information can be displayed on the display unit 13 of the client PC so that the learner can check it.

[0023] The input unit 12 is an operation detection device (e.g., The input unit 12 can be configured to include a keyboard, a mouse, etc. devices (e.g., microphones), character readers (e.g., cameras), and other input devices (e.g., (including input ports for connecting smartphones, tablets, and USB memory sticks) It can be configured by inputting voice data, image data of phonetic symbols, and text data. The data can be input to the control unit 11 and used to display graphic phonetic symbols.

[0024] The display unit 13 displays graphic pronunciations corresponding to the pronunciation of vowels, consonants, words, short sentences, long sentences, etc. in various languages. Anything that can display symbols is acceptable, for example, an image display device (e.g., a liquid crystal display) The sound output unit 14 can be configured by a display device such as a display device (display device) or a projector. Any device capable of outputting voice corresponding to the graphic phonetic symbols may be used. For example, The sound output device may be a sound output device such as a speaker or headphones.

[0025] Next, the specific structure of the graphic phonetic symbols will be explained. The graphic phonetic symbols are and vowels, and then provide phonetic symbols corresponding to detailed classifications for each of the consonants and vowels. The graphic phonetic symbols are also used in the Latin alphabet and Katakana. It is a morphological notation system that does not use letters but is made up of figures that make it easy to imagine the shape of the speech organs. This allows the graphic phonetic symbols to be used in a way that is easy to understand for those whose native language is English or Japanese. It is possible to make it easier to imagine the pronunciation even if it is not a specific language such as a Japanese.

[0026] FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of an input operation screen for graphic phonetic symbols displayed on the display unit 13. The force operation screen is a screen display that is displayed on the display unit 13 under the control of the control unit 11. As for the control, a general control can be used, and therefore a description thereof will be omitted.

[0027] The input operation screen includes symbol display sections 21A and 21B, an editing operation section 22, and a pronunciation instruction section 23A. 23D and the explanation display section 24. The form symbols and auxiliary symbols for the pronunciation are input in the pronunciation instruction units 23A to 23D in response to the input operation buttons. The information can be configured to be displayed as a corresponding icon.

[0028] The symbol display sections 21A and 21B are areas where phonetic symbols corresponding to sounds are displayed, and are horizontally long. The upper symbol display area is a frame of the symbol that is displayed in two rows, one above the other. 21A is the part where the pictorial phonetic symbols of C6V3 are displayed. The phonetic symbol corresponding to "sha" is shown as an example, and the symbol display section 21A shows the phonetic symbol corresponding to "ba". The four graphic phonetic symbols are arranged in the order of the consonant and vowel corresponding to "sha" and the consonant and vowel corresponding to "sha." It is displayed as:

[0029] The lower symbol display section 21B displays the graphic phonetic symbols corresponding to those displayed in the symbol display section 21A. The phonetic symbols in IPA notation are displayed. The operator can use the graphic phonetic symbols in C6V3 notation and the IPA The correspondence between the written pronunciation and the phonetic symbols can be easily confirmed. B: Clicking inside either box will display the input cursor, and you can enter the pronunciation in one box. By pasting the phonetic symbol, the corresponding phonetic symbol in a different notation can be displayed under the control of the control unit 11. It can be configured as follows.

[0030] As shown in the display example of the symbol display section 21A, the graphic phonetic symbols are displayed in large numbers in the center. It is possible to compose the symbol by adding small supplementary symbols above and below the symbol. The large symbol in the center is a morphological symbol that represents the shape of the vocal organs. The shape symbols are symbols that mimic the shape of the consonant corresponding to the place of articulation (consonant For vowels, the position of the tongue and the width of the gap between the upper palate and the tongue are used. A symbol representing the above (vowel shape symbol) is set.

[0031] The consonant morphological symbols are displayed in the pronunciation indicators 23A to 23D of the display unit 13. 23A to 23D are divided into four vertical boxes, and the components of the graphic phonetic symbols are arranged in the boxes. It will be displayed.

[0032] The pronunciation indicator 23A on the left side has icons showing consonant shape symbols and explanatory characters. The combinations are displayed. Specifically, the combinations are "labial," "labiodental," "lingual," "labial," "tongue," "lip ... "Interdental," "Tooth," "Neck," "Alveolar," "Cranial prominence," "Caudal prominence," "Hard palate," "Soft palate" 15 icons are displayed: "uvula," "pharynx," "glottis," and "trachea." The part indicates where the breath is blocked from the lungs to the mouth when pronouncing a consonant. When generating a phonetic symbol, you can click on one of the icons to select the place of articulation of the consonant. The place of articulation can be selected by the following. Note that the place of articulation is not limited to the 15 categories mentioned above. , can also be classified in other ways.

[0033] Figure 3 shows examples of consonant morphological symbols and their origins corresponding to the place of articulation. The symbols represent the shapes of the lips, tongue, teeth, glottis, and other speech organs seen from the front, and the shapes of the speech organs seen from the side. The shapes of the teeth, tongue, palate, throat, and other speech organs are depicted diagrammatically. Each figure used in the voice symbols is adjusted so that the place of articulation can be visualized, as shown in the character origin diagram. It is expressed using figures that use the sound-producing organs corresponding to the sound parts. In such cases, visual recognition of the consonant morphological symbols makes it easier to imagine the place of articulation. By simply checking the etymological diagram, it becomes easier to remember the shape of the vocal organs when pronouncing words. The consonant morphological symbol corresponding to "kachei" is "kachei" as shown in the origin diagram. To make it easier to imagine, it is represented by a circular symbol that resembles the cross-sectional shape of the tubular part.

[0034] The pronunciation indicator 23D on the right side has an icon showing a vowel shape symbol and explanatory text. The combinations are displayed. Specifically, "front tongue" and "front tongue" are used to specify the front and back positions of the tongue. Five icons for "Middle tongue", "Back tongue" and "Back tongue" are also available, along with the width of the gap between the upper palate and the tongue. "Narrow", "Narrower", "Center" to specify the gap width (hereinafter also referred to as "gap width between the jaw and tongue"). Five icons are displayed: "wide" and "wide". Click on the icons that indicate the anterior-posterior position and the gap width between the jaw and tongue one by one. Specify the front and rear position of the tongue and the gap width between the jaw and tongue, and display the graphic phonetic symbols corresponding to each specification. The front and rear position of the tongue and the width of the gap between the jaw and tongue are each classified into five levels. However, this is not limited to this, and other possibilities are possible, such as using seven levels of tongue position. It can also be classified into a number of

[0035] Here, the input operation of the graphic phonetic symbols and the display of the explanation display section 24 will be explained with reference to FIG. Figure 4 shows the graphical phonetic symbols used to generate and display the "ba" in "basha." 10 shows an example of a display when an input operation is performed. At the beginning of the input operation, the symbol display section 21A is blank, and in this state, the explanation display section 24 displays a character string prompting an input operation. As a result, text such as "Please enter the phonetic symbols" will be displayed.

[0036] To specify the consonant "ba," the operator selects the articulatory icon (the "bilabial" icon) icon) and auxiliary symbol icons (the "voiced oral sound" icon and the "stop" icon) in order. This completes the specification of the "ba" row consonant that corresponds to the "ba" consonant. When the consonant has been specified, the explanation display section 24 displays an explanation of the consonant corresponding to the Japanese word. It includes pronunciation examples using the specified consonants, as well as IPA and C6V3 notations for the pronunciation examples. It will be displayed.

[0037] The explanation displayed on the explanation display unit 24 can display various explanations corresponding to consonants and vowels. The explanation can be stored in advance in the storage device of the control unit 11 as explanation data. The conditions for displaying the explanation can be preset as a control program, allowing you to This allows the operator to input the phonetic symbols and generate them. While developing this, it will also be easier to deepen understanding of how to use specific graphic phonetic symbols. It is also possible to include examples in other languages. Figure 3 shows an example of an example in English. 10 shows an example of a case where the message is displayed.

[0038] After the consonant is specified, the tongue is used to specify the "a" vowel that corresponds to the "ba" vowel. Click the "Middle tongue" icon for the anterior-posterior position of the tongue, and click the "Wide" icon for the gap width of the tongue. Click on the icon. The vowel morphological symbols represent the front and back positions of the tongue by the left and right positions. The vertical line is a component that represents the gap between the jaw and tongue, and the vertical line is a component that represents the gap between the jaw and tongue by its position in the up and down direction. The vowel morphological symbols are composed of vertical and horizontal lines. It is not limited to the combination of the above, but other expressions can be used. For example, instead of a vertical line, The front and rear positions of the tongue may be expressed by the directional position.

[0039] The vowel shape symbol corresponding to the vowel "a" is shown in the display example displayed on the symbol display unit 21A. As shown, the vertical line should be positioned in the center in the left-right direction, and the horizontal line should be positioned in the top-bottom direction. This places the tongue in the center in the front-to-back direction, and the jaw-lingual gap is The gap needs to be widened by lowering the tongue position, as shown in the vowel morphology. The shape of the number makes it easy to imagine.

[0040] By performing the above operation, the designation of "ba" is completed. The graphic phonetic symbols for the consonants and vowels that correspond to the "ba" sound are displayed side by side.

[0041] Next, for other constituent parts of graphic phonetic symbols such as auxiliary symbols, the pronunciation indicators 23A to 23B are The following explanation will be given mainly with reference to the icons displayed on D. Below the icons for the 15 consonant morphological symbols, there is an icon for "No Specification." The "No designation" icon is used to generate a graphic phonetic symbol without designating the place of articulation. You can choose.

[0042] In addition, in the pronunciation instruction section 23A, below the icon of "No designation", a consonant morphology symbol is displayed. The icon of the auxiliary symbol for consonants that can be combined with the symbol to represent the type of sound is displayed. Specifically, the icons for "extension" and "coarticulation" are displayed as auxiliary symbols for consonants. Consonants have many different pronunciations that share the same place of articulation, and the graphic phonetic symbols are By adding auxiliary symbols for consonants, it is possible to express a variety of pronunciations.

[0043] The "extension" icon is used to specify the extension of the tongue. ) shows examples of graphic phonetic symbols that correspond to the tense tongue. , which is set to specify whether to bring it to a specific position specified by the place of articulation. If the "long tongue" icon is not selected, the graphic phonetic symbol corresponding to the flat tongue will be displayed as shown in Figure 3. When the "stretched tongue" icon is selected, the consonant morpheme symbol is displayed in the manner shown in The corresponding graphic phonetic symbols are displayed as consonant morphological symbols in the manner shown in FIG. 5(B).

[0044] The graphic phonetic symbols corresponding to the "stretched tongue" are the components corresponding to the above-mentioned articulatory parts (consonant shapes). The size range of the vowel symbol (state symbol) is such that the component part (linear part) corresponding to the vowel symbol is included. When the articulatory part is specified and the "extended tongue" icon is selected, The representation of the component parts corresponding to the place of articulation changes, and corresponds to the pronunciation with a tense tongue (tenic tongue). The pronunciation with tense consonants is made up of eight articulators from the teeth to the uvula. The eight articulatory positions are limited to the above positions, and graphic phonetic symbols with tense tongues are set for these eight articulatory positions. There are.

[0045] The part of the component corresponding to the tense symbol is included within the size range of the consonant morphological symbol, so the tense symbol The pronunciation of a consonant is determined by the form of the consonant morphological symbols that indicate the form of the articulatory organ as well as the place of articulation. It is possible to make it easier to understand. The components corresponding to the expansive symbols are not limited to linear parts. It may be formed of other shapes such as circles, ovals, etc. does not necessarily have to be included in the size range of the consonant shape symbol, It can also be configured as an auxiliary symbol that is displayed in a different position from the voice symbol.

[0046] The "simultaneous articulation" icon is used to specify simultaneous articulation. When an icon is selected, the coarticulation symbol is located below the graphic phonetic symbol containing the place of articulation. This allows simultaneous articulation to be represented by a graphic phonetic symbol containing two places of articulation. It can be expressed.

[0047] The pronunciation indicator 23B in the second column from the left displays auxiliary symbols for consonants. At the top of the sound indicator 23B, there are displayed "voiced oral sounds" and "unvoiced oral sounds" corresponding to nasal and voiced sounds. ", "Voiced Nasal" and "Unvoiced Nasal" icons are displayed. The icon shows whether or not the breath comes out of the nose, as shown in Figure 5(C) and Figure 5(D), and the vocal cords. The combination of vibration and non-vibration is supported, and specifying either sound will produce a nasal sound. and voicing can be specified.

[0048] In the pronunciation indicator 23B, the words "stress" and "substress" are displayed below the "voiceless nasal sound." The "Syllable Break", "Articulation Mark" and "Autophony" icons are displayed, and you can leave a space. The icons for "labialization," "bilabialization," "palatalization," "velarization," and "pharyngealization" appear. The icons for "Inhale", "Inhale", "Inflate" and "Depressurize" will be displayed, with a space between them. It will be displayed.

[0049] The pronunciation indicator 23C in the third column from the left also displays auxiliary symbols for consonants, "Chain", "Close*", "Friction", "Abrasion", "Trembling", "Repelling" and "Approach" icons The icon will be displayed, followed by a space, and then "side friction," "side scraping," "side repelling," and " The "Side Approach" icon will be displayed, followed by a space, followed by "Release", "Break" and "Aerobic". icon will be displayed.

[0050] In the pronunciation indicator 23D at the right end, below the ten icons as vowel shape symbols, "Tense lip" and "round lip" as auxiliary symbols for vowels that can be combined with phonetic symbols The pronunciation indicator 23D also displays icons such as "syllable tonic," "devoicing," and " The "nasalization" icon will appear.

[0051] In the pronunciation designation sections 23A to 23D, the pronunciation corresponding to the name given to each icon is designated. If you want to specify an icon, click the icon you want to specify. The auxiliary symbol is displayed in the symbol display section 21A. The spaced icons represent multiple phonetic symbols that can be selected alternatively. For example, the auxiliary symbol (e.g., the "voiced oral" auxiliary) When another icon in the same icon group is displayed in the symbol display section 21A, If you click on an icon (for example, the "voiceless oral sound" icon), the original designation will be cancelled. The graphic phonetic symbols are updated to the newly designated auxiliary symbols (auxiliary symbols for "voiceless oral sounds").

[0052] Next, the editing operation unit 22 will be described. The editing operation unit 22 has the following functions: "phonetic value", "phoneme", The operation buttons for "Copy," "Play," "Erase," "All Erase," and "List" are displayed. By clicking each operation button, the graphic phonetic symbols displayed in the symbol display section 21A are displayed. You can perform operations on the

[0053] The "Phonetic Value" and "Phonetic Elements" operation buttons are used to display the graphic phonetic symbols generated in the symbol display section 21A. It is manipulated when expressing whether to treat it as a value or a phoneme. A phoneme is a group of sounds that are recognized as the same sound, whereas a phoneme is an actual pronunciation. When expressing actual pronunciation using phonetic symbols, the operator operates the operation button for the sound value, Performs an operation to enclose the graphic phonetic symbols of consonants and vowels in parentheses corresponding to their phonetic value.

[0054] Figure 5(E) shows an example of the correspondence between phonetic values ​​and phonemes. Consonants and vowels are displayed between the arcs, while phonemes are displayed with a downward-left diagonal line. It is displayed so that a consonant or vowel is placed between them. The Japanese "n" is However, the actual pronunciation is different between the "n" in "senpai" and the "n" in "senta." When expressing the pronunciation of "n", parentheses corresponding to the phonetic value are used. In this case, the actual pronunciation is expressed, while in the case of using parentheses corresponding to phonemes, the same sound is expressed. This expresses that it is one of several sounds that are recognized as such.

[0055] When you click "Copy", the graphic phonetic symbols displayed in the symbol display area 21A can be copied to other apps. The data is temporarily copied as pasteable data into other applications. By pasting the data in the application software, it can be pasted as image data or other data. In addition, the font corresponding to the graphic phonetic symbols can be stored as part of the control data of the control unit 11. In this case, the test can be performed with other application software. Graphic phonetic symbols can be used as editable data in the same way as text data.

[0056] The "Play" button outputs the sound corresponding to the pronunciation expressed by the graphic phonetic symbols. It functions as a part that accepts output operations for the symbol table. The sound corresponding to the pronunciation represented by the graphic phonetic symbols displayed on the display unit 21A is output from the sound output unit 1. For example, the control data of the control unit 11 may include consonants and vowels. By storing voice data corresponding to the graphic phonetic symbols for each type of sound, the control unit By controlling the sound output unit 11, sound can be output from the sound output unit 14.

[0057] Clicking "Delete" deletes the last of the graphic phonetic symbols displayed in the symbol display area 21A. The graphic phonetic symbol corresponding to one note will be deleted. Click "Delete all" and the symbol display area 2 All the graphic phonetic symbols displayed in 1A will be deleted. Clicking "List" will display Figure 6. A list showing the items will be displayed.

[0058] Figure 6 shows an example of a list of correspondence between IPA notation and graphic phonetic symbols. Figure 6(A) is a list of consonants, and Figure 6(B) is a list of vowels. The IPA phonetic symbols corresponding to each pronunciation are displayed, and below the phonetic symbols, the graphic pronunciation is displayed. The symbol "-" indicates that the combination of place of articulation and sound type does not exist. Below each phonetic symbol, there is a playback symbol, represented by a pointed triangle on the right. Icons are displayed, and by clicking on an icon, you can hear the pronunciation corresponding to each phonetic symbol. The voice (sample sound) is output from the sound output unit 14.

[0059] Looking at the list of consonants shown in Figure 6(A), the graphic phonetic symbols are arranged vertically. The symbols are common to indicate the place of articulation, and the auxiliary symbols are used to indicate the type of sound in the horizontal direction. Since the symbols are common, it is easy to understand the rules. Also, the symbols for consonants are often based on the shapes of the vocal organs. The IPA notation, on the other hand, At first glance, it is difficult to understand the commonalities between the vertical and horizontal orientations. It is difficult to imagine the form of government.

[0060] Also, looking at the list of vowels shown in Figure 6(B), the graphic phonetic symbols are based on the shape of the vocal organs. The front and back position of the tongue and the width of the gap between the jaw and tongue are simply expressed by the position of the vertical and horizontal lines on the vowel morphological symbols. Therefore, it is easy to understand the rules and to imagine the shape of the vocal organs when pronouncing sounds. The IPA notation makes it difficult to visualize the anterior-posterior position of the tongue or the width of the jaw-tongue gap.

[0061] In this way, according to the phonetic symbol control system 10 of the present invention, the symbol display section 2 of the display section 13 1A contains a number of graphic phonetic symbols, each using a consonant morphological symbol and a vowel morphological symbol. The pronunciation is displayed as a picture phonetic symbol, and the audio output is The consonant morphological symbols are symbols that mimic the shape of the vocal organs, and can be used to express sounds. A component that corresponds to the part of the tongue and expresses the front and back position of the tongue by the left and right position of the tongue. The component that expresses the width of the gap between the upper jaw and the tongue by the vertical position is combined. Therefore, the consonant morphological symbols can be used to visualize the place of articulation. The vowel symbols help you visualize the front and back position of your tongue and the width of the gap between your upper palate and your tongue. Therefore, it is easy to imagine the pronunciation expressed using graphic phonetic symbols. This makes it possible to create phonetic symbols that are easy to use for beginners and foreigners who do not understand Japanese. Cut.

[0062] In addition, the types of sounds, including nasal and voiced sounds, are expressed by auxiliary symbols for consonants, and for vowels, However, since the type of sound is expressed by the auxiliary symbols for vowels, pronunciations that share the same type of sound are It is expressed in a form that includes auxiliary symbols. Therefore, completely different pronunciations and similar pronunciations can be distinguished by the diagram. The number and degree of difference in the phonetic symbols are used to express different sounds, and whether the pronunciation is similar or not is determined. This can be easily expressed by the degree of difference in the appearance of the graphic phonetic symbols.

[0063] Furthermore, according to the phonetic symbol control system 10, the pronunciation represented by the graphic phonetic symbols can be The recorded voice can be output by executing the output operation, so it is possible to It is possible to provide a system that allows easy confirmation of the pronunciation corresponding to a number.

[0064] Next, the IPA notation and the graphic phonetic symbols will be compared with each other with reference to FIGS. First, in the case where multiple phonetic symbols correspond to the same pronunciation in IPA notation, In the graphic phonetic symbols, each pronunciation is uniquely assigned to a phonetic symbol. 8.

[0065] FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of the correspondence between consonants with multiple IPA notations and graphic phonetic symbols. Examples of consonants that can be used include "labial-flat-oral-voiced-mid-striped-snap". This consonant is listed as a "tap or flick" in the "bilabial" column in the IPA notation. Although the sound corresponds to "sound", as shown in Figure 7(A), the official phonetic symbol Such pronunciations are indicated by arrows (1) and (2) in Figure 7(A). As shown, it is represented by phonetic symbols based on other phonetic symbols.

[0066] Specifically, the target consonant is a labiodental sound like V, as shown in Figure 7(B). It can be expressed by adding the auxiliary symbol "+" to the symbol, which indicates forward movement, and "b It can also be expressed by adding an auxiliary symbol for ultra-short to the character ". There are also symbols such as w that are conventionally used as symbols for equations. Although they are symbols that represent the same sound, they look very different, and beginners may find it difficult to distinguish between the same It is not easy to understand that it represents the sound of

[0067] On the other hand, when using the graphic phonetic symbols of C6V3 notation, as shown in Figure 7(C), A type of pictorial phonetic recorder that combines the shape of the vocal organ and the type of sound for each consonant. In the table shown in Figure 6, the blank spaces indicate the IPA notation. Although the phonetic symbols are not set, if it is written in C6V3 notation, all parts correspond to the Graphic phonetic symbols can be easily imagined and easily generated and displayed. It is possible.

[0068] The same applies to vowels as to consonants. Figure 8 shows the vowels with multiple IPA notations and their pictorial phonetic notations. The figure shows an example of the correspondence between the vowels and the vowels. , as shown in Figure 8(A) to Figure 8(C), in the IPA notation, While it can be expressed as a pronunciation that can be expressed with three types of phonetic symbols, according to the C6V3 notation, It is represented by the graphic phonetic symbols:

[0069] In this way, by using graphic phonetic symbols, various pronunciations can be expressed regularly. For this reason, pronunciations that are used less frequently or pronunciations used in languages ​​of ethnic groups with few users are Even if the characters are different, they can be expressed unambiguously using the same graphic phonetic symbols.

[0070] Next, we will explain how to represent sound changes and the pronunciation of characters in a language using Figures 9 and 10. is a diagram showing the correspondence between IPA notation and graphic phonetic symbols when expressing sound changes in modern languages. , and examples of Welsh sound changes. Figure 9(A) shows the original form in IPA notation and This shows the cases of softening, nasalizing, and aspirating. Although they are expressed in pure letters and symbols, each change from the original form involves a change in the phonetic symbols. There is no regularity to the pronunciation, and it is difficult to memorize all the phonetic symbols that correspond to all the changes.

[0071] On the other hand, in the C6V3 notation, as shown in Figure 9(B), the original form is replaced by a soft tone. The changes in phonetic symbols when the pronunciation is changed to vowels, nasalization, or aspiration are regularized by the changes in some auxiliary symbols. This makes it easy to identify the sound change patterns and to find pronunciations that correspond to all the changes. It is also easy to memorize the symbols. Figure 9 shows an example of the sound changes in Welsh. However, even for modern sound changes in other languages, the phonetic symbols can be used to represent phonetic changes. By expressing it in this way, it becomes possible to easily confirm the regularity of sound changes in the language.

[0072] Figure 10(A) and Figure 10(B) show IPA notation and graphic pronunciation for representing sound changes by period. This is a diagram showing an example of the correspondence between pronunciation and symbols. Although it is clear that there are differences due to changes in the basic characters in the IPA notation, It is difficult to understand how the pronunciation has changed even by looking at the phonetic symbols. Therefore, in the case of C6V3 notation, how the place of articulation has changed imitates the shape of the vocal organ. The change in pronunciation can be easily understood by the change in the consonant morphology symbols, and the change in the auxiliary symbols also makes it easier to imagine the change in pronunciation. stomach.

[0073] Figure 10(C) shows an example of the correspondence between IPA notation and graphic phonetic symbols when comparing different languages. When comparing the pronunciation of Chinese and Korean characters (the so-called on-reading), the IPA notation Although phonetic symbols express differences in pronunciation through differences in the basic characters, It is difficult to determine whether the pronunciation of the characters corresponds to the pronunciation of the characters. Looking at the phonetic symbols, they are a combination of elements of the graphic phonetic symbols for two vowels in Chinese. As shown above, the graphic phonetic symbols of Korean vowels are expressed in the graphic phonetic symbols. This can be imagined from the position of the linear parts that make up the code and the auxiliary symbols.

[0074] Next, using Figure 11, we will explain how to write other sounds excluding consonants (pulmonary airflow) and vowels. Figure 11 shows an example of graphic phonetic symbols other than consonants (pulmonary airflow) and vowels. C6 In V3 notation, when expressing pressure or pressure reduction through simultaneous articulation, the side that breaks the pressure is written last. For other simultaneous articulations, the side closest to the lips will be displayed later.

[0075] Figure 11(A) shows the steps for outputting non-pulmonary consonants when an arbitrary articulatory site is designated as X. As a step, steps for "clicks," "voiced plosives," and "ejectives" are shown. In addition, an example of the graphic phonetic symbol notation for the X with both lips is shown. As shown above, the order of the articulations in the steps of producing consonants and the order of the articulations in the graphic phonetic symbols The two correspond to each other, making it easier to imagine simultaneous articulation.

[0076] Figure 11(B) shows the "clicks," "voiced plosives," "ejectives," and "other simultaneous articulations." This is a diagram showing the correspondence between the IPA notation and the graphic phonetic symbols for C6V. The three-part graphic phonetic symbol makes it easy to imagine the shape of the speech organs, and the steps to produce consonants. It can be seen that the order in which the consonant morphological symbols indicating the place of articulation are displayed makes them easier to understand.

[0077] Figure 11(C) and (D) show the IPA notation and C6V3 notation for symbols other than those mentioned above. The correspondence between the voiceless epiglottal fricative and the voiced epiglottal fricative in the IPA notation is shown below. Epiglottic plosives are interpreted as voiceless pharyngeal trills, voiced pharyngeal trills, and pharyngeal stops, respectively. Each pronunciation is assigned a corresponding C6V3 notation.

[0078] FIG. 12 is a diagram for explaining the graphic phonetic symbols that are common to the IPA notation. ), phonetic values ​​are represented using square brackets, and phonemes are represented using diagonal brackets pointing downward to the left. In addition, as shown in Figure 12(B), The graphic phonetic symbols for C6V3 that correspond to voiceless, voiced, nasalized, long, and semi-long sounds in PA notation are: The same type of figure will be used. In this way, it can be written in common with the IPA notation. By standardizing the symbols, it will be easier for people who understand IPA notation to understand the graphic phonetic symbols. It is possible for beginners who do not understand IPA notation to understand both IPA notation and graphic phonetic symbols. It also makes it easier to understand things in parallel.

[0079] FIG. 13 is a diagram for explaining a method for determining similar sounds using graphic phonetic symbols. In the case of na and IPA notation, just because the sounds are similar does not mean that the shapes of the letters and phonetic symbols are similar. However, in C6V3 notation, similar sounds are represented by similar phonetic symbols. Therefore, the degree of similarity of the sounds is determined by the degree of difference between the phonetic symbols (different By quantifying the difference, it becomes possible to quantitatively calculate the difference.

[0080] Figure 13(A) shows an example of calculating the degree of difference between "Chiba" and "Saga" with respect to "Shiga." First, the consonant or vowel components that differ in the phonetic symbols are extracted. In this case, the front and back position of the tongue and the gap width of the jaw are determined by the distance from the center to both sides. The example shows a case where the distance is 1 and the distance of the whole range is 2, which allows the degree of difference to be The degree of difference can be calculated so that the degree of difference is reflected in the degree of similarity.

[0081] The difference between "Shiga" and "Chiba" is 2, while the difference between "Shiga" and "Saga" is 1. Similarly, in Figure 13(B), the degree of "eel" is higher than that of "rabbit." This example illustrates a method for calculating the degree of difference between "Kusabi" and "Asagi" and calculates the degree of difference between "Usagi" and "Usagi". The difference between "unagi" and "kusabi" is "2", and "asagi" is "3". The degree of difference is "4". When the shape of the vocal organs corresponding to the vowels is very different, the degree of difference is large. This is a method of calculating the degree of difference, and sounds are considered to be dissimilar when the degree of difference is greater than a certain level. and can be evaluated.

[0082] The method for calculating the degree of difference is to use the numerical value of the degree of difference for the part that differs between consonants and vowels. It is also possible to set weighting by changing the place of articulation or the type of auxiliary symbol. It is also possible to set symbols that have large sound changes depending on the type. This makes it possible to provide a more accurate method for determining similar sounds.

[0083] The degree of difference can be calculated under the control of the control unit 11. The input portion of the word or sentence to be compared is displayed on the display unit 13, and the word or sentence to be compared is input into the input portion. When a word or a sentence is input, the degree of difference may be displayed as a numerical value.

[0084] The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and may be modified within the scope of the present invention. It is easy to imagine that various improvements and modifications are possible within the scope of the present invention. For example, The present invention may be modified and implemented as described above.

[0085] For example, in the above embodiment, the display of the graphic phonetic symbols is performed in response to an input operation on the input unit 12. The case where graphic phonetic symbols are generated and displayed by the above-mentioned method has been explained. The phonetic symbols may be edited to generate and display different graphic phonetic symbols. Also, image data of graphic phonetic symbols is input from the input unit 12, and the image is analyzed to extract the graphic phonetic symbols. The display unit 13 (symbol display unit 21A) may be configured to display phonetic symbols.

[0086] In addition, IPA pronunciation based on text data corresponding to languages ​​such as Japanese and English There is a lot of symbol data available in dictionary data and on the Internet, so it is difficult to input Input text data from part 12, convert it into IPA phonetic symbols, and then The display unit 13 may be configured to display graphic phonetic symbols corresponding to the phonetic symbols. When data or image data is input through the input unit 12, Japanese or English text data can be input. By converting the symbol into the following, graphic phonetic symbols can be easily generated and displayed on the display unit 13.

[0087] It is also preferable to set different colors for graphic phonetic symbols such as consonants and vowels. For example, it may be configured to include a control to display consonants and vowels in different colors. In some cases, the phonetic symbols are similar in appearance, differing only in one of the auxiliary symbols. Even if you use a different color, you can easily distinguish different pronunciations. can be done.

[0088] In addition, the symbols for consonants that mimic the shape of the vocal organs are It is not limited to the visible form, but other methods such as using symbols that mimic the form as seen from above or at an angle may be considered. It may be used to create symbols that mimic the shape of the vocal organs. A component that expresses the front-to-back position of the tongue, and a component that expresses the width of the gap between the upper jaw and the tongue. Regarding the components, the present invention is not limited to the configuration expressed by the above method, and may be expressed by other methods. Good too. [Industrial Applicability]

[0089] The phonetic symbol display system, the phonetic symbol display program, and the voice output system of the present invention are It can be used by language learners to check pronunciation and helps to distinguish between pronunciation differences of similar words and sentences. Since the degree of similarity can be quantified, it can also be used to judge whether a trademark is similar. [Explanation of symbols]

[0090] 10: Phonetic symbol control system (phonetic symbol display system, voice output system) 11: Control section 12: Input unit (information input means, operation reception means) 13: Display unit (graphic symbol display means, character symbol display means) 14: Sound output unit (sound output means)

Claims

1. A phonetic symbol display system that can be controlled to display graphic phonetic symbols that can represent pronunciation. 、 A plurality of types of symbols, including at least symbols that mimic the shape of the vocal organs, are set, and the articulatory parts are morphological symbols for consonants that can be expressed; By combining with the consonant morphological symbols, the types of sounds including nasal and voiced sounds can be represented. Auxiliary symbols for reproducible consonants, A component that expresses the front-to-back position of the tongue, and a component that expresses the width of the gap between the upper jaw and the tongue. morphological symbols for vowels, combining and a vowel supplementary symbol that can be combined with the vowel shape symbol. a graphic symbol display means capable of displaying graphic phonetic symbols; an information input means for inputting information for displaying the graphic phonetic symbols; A graphic phonetic symbol formed by combining the consonant shape symbol with the consonant auxiliary symbol. The vowel morphological symbol is used together with the vowel morphological symbol, or the vowel morphological symbol is used together with the vowel auxiliary symbol. and a plurality of graphic phonetic symbols including at least one of the graphic phonetic symbols formed by combining symbols. The sound symbols are displayed in a line by the graphic symbol display means, and the sound is The pronunciation output by the system can be expressed by graphic phonetic symbols corresponding to each pronunciation. A phonetic symbol display system characterized by:

2. The auxiliary symbols for the consonants indicate whether the tip of the tongue is tense and brought to a specific position. It contains at least an exponential symbol corresponding to the exponential expression that appears, The graphic symbol display means displays a symbol corresponding to the expansive symbol within the size range of the consonant shape symbol. The present invention is characterized in that the graphic phonetic symbols are displayed with a prolonged tongue by including the corresponding linear portion.

2. The phonetic symbol display system according to claim 1, wherein:

3. character symbol display means capable of displaying phonetic symbols using Latin characters; The graphic symbol display means uses the Latin characters displayed by the character symbol display means. The present invention is characterized in that the device is configured to be capable of displaying graphic phonetic symbols corresponding to the phonetic symbols.

3. The phonetic symbol display system according to claim 1 or 2.

4. A phonetic symbol display program that can be used in the phonetic symbol display system according to claim 1. and displaying a plurality of the graphic phonetic symbols in a line on the graphic symbol display means. The pronunciation output as speech in a language is expressed by graphic phonetic symbols corresponding to each pronunciation. A phonetic symbol display program characterized by being configured to be able to:

5. A voice output system capable of outputting voice corresponding to pronunciation expressed by phonetic symbols. It is A plurality of types of symbols, including at least symbols that mimic the shape of the vocal organs, are set, and the articulatory parts are morphological symbols for consonants that can be expressed; By combining with the consonant morphological symbols, the types of sounds including nasal and voiced sounds can be represented. Auxiliary symbols for reproducible consonants, A component that expresses the front-to-back position of the tongue, and a component that expresses the width of the gap between the upper jaw and the tongue. morphological symbols for vowels, combining and a vowel supplementary symbol that can be combined with the vowel shape symbol. a graphic symbol display means capable of displaying graphic phonetic symbols; receiving an output operation for outputting a sound corresponding to the pronunciation represented by the graphic phonetic symbols; an operation receiving means for receiving the operation; When the output operation is performed, the graphic pronunciation record displayed by the graphic symbol display means a sound output means capable of outputting a sound corresponding to the pronunciation expressed by the signal, A graphic phonetic symbol formed by combining the consonant shape symbol with the consonant auxiliary symbol. The vowel morphological symbol is used together with the vowel morphological symbol, or the vowel morphological symbol is used together with the vowel auxiliary symbol. and graphic phonetic symbols that are composed of a combination of symbols. is displayed by the graphic symbol display means, When the output operation is accepted, the graphic pronunciation symbol displayed by the graphic symbol display means is The sound output means can output a sound corresponding to the pronunciation expressed by the signal.

1. An audio output system comprising:

Images