Wall structure and its construction method

Abstract

This invention provides a wall structure and construction method that stably fixes multiple overlapping boards in the thickness direction to a column while also offering excellent aesthetic appeal. [Solution] The building wall structure 1 has multiple column members 8, 20, a base wall material 2 located on the outdoor side of the column members 8, 20, and an exterior wall material 3 located on the outdoor side of the base wall material 2. A base wall material fixing device 4 penetrates the indoor side from the outdoor side surface of the base wall material 2 and reaches the column members 8, 20. An exterior wall material fixing device 5 penetrates the base wall material 2 from the column members 8, 20 and has its tip inside the exterior wall material 3. Both the base wall material 2 and the exterior wall material 3 are fixed to the column members 8, 20 by the base wall material fixing device 4 and the exterior wall material fixing device 5.

Description

Technical Field

[0005]

[0001] The present invention relates to a wall structure of a building and a construction method thereof.

Background Art

[0002] There is a specification in which two plates are stacked for the wall structure of a building. For example, the wall structures disclosed in Patent Documents 1 and 2 have two plates, and a hollow portion is formed between the two plates. The wall structure disclosed in Patent Document 3 has a structure in which the back surfaces of two plates are applied to each other, and the concavo-convex pattern on the surface can be seen on both sides.

[0003] The wall structure disclosed in Patent Document 4 is configured by overlapping an outer wall panel and two fireproof boards. The exterior panel located on the outdoor side of the column member is fixed to the column member by screws inserted into the column member from the outdoor side. A hanging portion extending downward from the lower end surface is formed on the upper exterior panel. The hanging portion covers the head of the screw at the upper end of the lower exterior panel. This suppresses the deterioration of the design property of the wall structure due to the head of the screw. <000​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​ [Patent Document 2] Publication No. 6-29311 [Patent Document 3] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 7-166645 [Patent Document 4] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2018-71243 [Overview of the project] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0006] Therefore, there has been a need for a wall structure that can stably fix multiple overlapping panels in the thickness direction to a column while also being aesthetically pleasing. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] According to one feature of this disclosure, the wall structure comprises a column member, a base wall material located on the exterior side of the column member, and an exterior wall material located on the exterior side of the base wall material. A base wall material fastener penetrates the exterior side of the base wall material through the interior side and reaches the column member. An exterior wall material fastener penetrates the base wall material from the column member and has its tip inside the exterior wall material.

[0008] Therefore, both the base wall material and the exterior wall material are fixed to the column material by base wall material fasteners and exterior wall material fasteners. The column material is the foundation and framework of the building and has a stronger holding strength compared to other wall materials. Therefore, both the base wall material and the exterior wall material are stably fixed by being directly held by the column material. The tip of the exterior wall material fastener is located inside the exterior wall material and is not visible on the exterior surface of the exterior wall material. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the aesthetic appeal of the wall structure from being compromised by the exposure of the exterior wall material fastener.

[0009] According to the second feature of this disclosure, a ventilation layer is formed between the base wall material and the exterior wall material. Therefore, the ventilation layer can prevent moisture and other substances from remaining within the wall structure.

[0010] According to the third feature of this disclosure, the base wall material and the exterior wall material are formed from the same material. Therefore, for example, there is no need to prepare different materials, which improves the efficiency of the assembly work. Alternatively, space for storing different materials is not required, and the storage area can be reduced. Alternatively, it is possible to suppress the increase in the number of workers that would occur if different workers were to install each material.

[0011] According to the fourth feature of this disclosure, the wall structure comprises a plurality of parallel-arranged column members and an additional wall member. The additional wall member is provided between the column members and is in contact with the indoor side surface of the base wall member. Therefore, the heat capacity of the wall structure is increased by the additional wall member, improving the fire resistance of the wall structure.

[0012] According to the fifth feature of this disclosure, the base wall material has higher fire resistance than the exterior wall material. Therefore, fire resistance can be provided by the base wall material, which is not exposed to the outside. As a result, the exterior wall material can be selected with aesthetic appeal as the priority. Thus, the aesthetic appeal of the wall structure can be improved.

[0013] According to the sixth feature of this disclosure, the construction method for the wall structure of a building comprises a base wall material fixing step and an exterior wall material fixing step. In the base wall material fixing step, the base wall material is placed on the exterior side of the column material. The base wall material is fixed to the column material by a base wall material fixing device that penetrates the base wall material from the exterior side to the interior side and reaches the column material. In the exterior wall material fixing step, the exterior wall material is placed on the exterior side of the base wall material. The exterior wall material is fixed to the column material by an exterior wall material fixing device that penetrates the base wall material from the column material and has its tip secured inside the exterior wall material.

[0014] Therefore, both the base wall material and the exterior wall material are fixed to the column material by base wall material fasteners and exterior wall material fasteners. The column material is the foundation and framework of the building and is stronger than other wall materials. Therefore, both the base wall material and the exterior wall material are stably fixed by being directly held by the column material. The tip of the exterior wall material fastener is located inside the exterior wall material and is not visible on the exterior surface of the exterior wall material. Therefore, the design of the wall structure is not compromised by the exposure of the exterior wall material fastener. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0015] [Figure 1] It is a perspective view seen from the outdoor side of the wall structure according to the first embodiment. [Figure 2] It is a sectional view taken along the line II-II of FIG. 1 and viewed in the direction of the arrow. [Figure 3] It is a sectional view taken along the line III-III of FIG. 2 and viewed in the direction of the arrow. [Figure 4] It is a sectional view taken along the line IV-IV of FIG. 2 and viewed in the direction of the arrow. [Figure 5] It is a perspective view showing the column material of the wall structure according to the first embodiment. [Figure 6] It is a sectional view corresponding to FIG. 2 of the wall structure according to the second embodiment. [Figure 7] It is a sectional view taken along the line VII-VII of FIG. 6 and viewed in the direction of the arrow. [Figure 8] It is a sectional view taken along the line VIII-VIII of FIG. 6 and viewed in the direction of the arrow. [Figure 9] It is a sectional view corresponding to FIG. 3 of the wall structure according to the third embodiment. [Figure 10] It is a sectional view corresponding to FIG. 2 of the wall structure according to the fourth embodiment. [Figure 11] It is a sectional view corresponding to FIG. 3 of the wall structure according to the fifth embodiment. [Figure 12] It is a view showing a combination of a base wall material and an outer wall material according to another embodiment. [Figure 13] (a) It is a view showing a combination of a base wall material and an outer wall material according to another embodiment. (b) It is a view showing a combination of a base wall material and an outer wall material according to another embodiment.

Modes for Carrying Out the Invention

[0016] <Configuration of the wall structure (first embodiment)> The first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5. The wall structure 1 is used for a structure that constitutes a building such as a house, a facility, a warehouse, etc. As shown in FIG. 1, the wall structure 1 includes building materials of an outer wall material 3 and a base wall material 2 in order from the outdoor side toward the indoor side. Further, the wall structure 1 includes a plurality of column members 8 extending in the vertical direction (vertical direction) to support the building materials.

[0017] As shown in Figures 1 and 5, the column members 8 are selected from steel materials such as C-shaped steel. Multiple column members 8 are arranged on the foundation 9 at predetermined intervals in the left-right direction. As shown in Figure 3, the column member 8 has a main body piece 8a, an outdoor piece 8b and an indoor piece 8c extending from both ends of the main body piece 8a in the left-right direction, an outer rib 8d formed by bending the tip of the outdoor piece 8b, and an inner rib 8e formed by bending the tip of the indoor piece 8c. The indoor piece 8c is provided with a hole 8f for passing the exterior wall material fastener 5 through. The outdoor piece 8b is also provided with a hole 8h for passing the exterior wall material fastener 5 through. These holes 8f and 8h are formed, for example, by drilling holes in a general-purpose C-shaped steel.

[0018] The foundation 9 is, for example, made of reinforced concrete, and the top surface of the foundation 9 is approximately horizontal. The column members 8 are placed on top of the foundation 9.

[0019] The base wall material 2 is positioned on the outdoor side of the column material 8, as shown in Figures 1 and 2. The base wall material 2 is a roughly rectangular plate-like member, as shown in Figure 1, for example, a horizontally elongated rectangle. The surface 2a and back surface 2b of the base wall material 2 are flat. The surface 2a of the base wall material 2 faces the back surface 3b of the exterior wall material 3, which is located on the outdoor side, and the back surface 2b faces the column material 8. The base wall material 2 is made of, for example, a ceramic material containing cement, and has a thickness of 25 mm. In addition, metal wall materials, wood wall materials, resin wall materials, gypsum board, calcium silicate board, etc. can be selected as appropriate. Multiple base wall materials 2 are arranged in the vertical and horizontal directions. The base wall material 2 may be a vertically elongated rectangle or a square.

[0020] As shown in Figure 2, the base wall material 2 has upper and lower joints 2c on the front side at the bottom edge and upper and lower joints 2d on the back side at the top edge. The upper and lower joints 2c on the front side have a thickness of approximately half the thickness of the base wall material 2, forming an outdoor area, with the indoor area removed. The upper and lower joints 2d on the back side have a thickness of approximately half the thickness of the base wall material 2, forming an indoor area, with the outdoor area removed. At the joints (horizontal joints 2n) of vertically adjacent base wall materials 2, a waterproofing material 7 is applied between the upper and lower joints 2c on the front side and the upper and lower joints 2d on the back side. The bottommost base wall material 2 has its bottom edge cut, and its lower end 2h is supported by being locked to the mounting bracket 15 for starting the installation. The topmost base wall material 2 has its top edge cut, and its upper end 2j abuts against the soffit trim 16.

[0021] The base wall material 2 is fixed by base wall material fasteners 4 at locations where holes 8f and 8h are not provided in the column material 8. The base wall material fasteners 4 are, for example, screws, as shown in Figures 2 and 4. The base wall material fasteners 4 penetrate the base wall material 2 from the outside and reach the column material 8. The base wall material fasteners 4 have a head 4a and a leg 4b, with a threaded portion 4c on the leg 4b that screws into the base wall material 2 and the column material 8. The tip of the base wall material fasteners 4 penetrates the outdoor piece 8b of the column material 8, and the threaded portion 4c of the base wall material fasteners 4 is screwed into the outdoor piece 8b of the column material 8. Since there is no gap between the base wall material 2 and the exterior wall material 3, the head 4a is embedded in the surface 2a at the fixing location 2k of the base wall material 2. Multiple base wall material fasteners 4 are provided vertically along the column material 8. Therefore, the base wall material 2 is fixed to the column 8 by multiple base wall material fasteners 4 along the column 8. Furthermore, the base wall material 2 is fixed to multiple column 8 aligned to the left and right. In other words, the base wall material 2 is supported by multiple column 8. The base wall material fasteners 4 may be nails.

[0022] As shown in Figure 1, the exterior wall material 3 is a roughly rectangular plate-like member, for example, a horizontally elongated rectangle. A pattern is formed on the surface 3a of the exterior wall material 3. The back surface 3b is flat. The exterior wall material 3 is placed on the outdoor side of the base wall material 2. The surface 3a of the exterior wall material 3 faces the outdoor side, and the back surface 3b faces the indoor side. The exterior wall material 3 constitutes the exterior wall surface of the building and is made of, for example, a ceramic material containing cement, with a thickness of 25 mm. In addition, metal wall materials, wood wall materials, or resin wall materials can be selected as appropriate. In this embodiment, the base wall material 2 and the exterior wall material 3 are made of the same material. Multiple exterior wall materials 3 are arranged in the vertical and horizontal directions. The exterior wall material 3 may be a vertically elongated rectangle or a square.

[0023] As shown in Figure 2, the exterior wall material 3 has a front upper and lower joint 3c on its lower edge and a back upper and lower joint 3d on its upper edge. The front upper and lower joint 3c has a thickness of approximately half the thickness of the exterior wall material 3, forming an outdoor area, with the indoor area removed. The back upper and lower joint 3d has a thickness of approximately half the thickness of the exterior wall material 3, forming an indoor area, with the outdoor area removed. At the joint (horizontal joint 3n) of vertically adjacent exterior wall materials 3, a waterproofing material 7 is installed between the front upper and lower joint 3c and the back upper and lower joint 3d. The lowest section of exterior wall material 3 has its lower edge cut, and its lower end 3h is supported by being locked to the mounting bracket 15 for starting the installation. The uppermost section of exterior wall material 3 has its upper edge cut, and its upper end 3j abuts against the soffit trim 16.

[0024] The horizontal joint 3n of the exterior wall material 3 is located at the same height as the horizontal joint 2n of the base wall material 2. That is, in the thickness direction of the base wall material 2 and the exterior wall material 3, the upper and lower joint portions 2c on the front side of the base wall material 2 and the upper and lower joint portions 3c on the front side of the exterior wall material 3 are in the same position, and the upper and lower joint portions 2d on the back side of the base wall material 2 and the upper and lower joint portions 3d on the back side of the exterior wall material 3 are in the same position.

[0025] As shown in Figure 3, the exterior wall material 3 is fixed to the base wall material 2 by adhesive 6. The adhesive 6 is applied, for example, in a vertically elongated manner at the position of the column material 8. Furthermore, the exterior wall material 3 is fixed to the column material 8 by an exterior wall material fastener 5 that penetrates the base wall material 2 from the indoor side. The exterior wall material fastener 5 is, for example, a screw and has a head 5a and a leg 5b. The head 5a is engaged with a hole 8h in the outdoor piece 8b of the column material 8. The end of the leg 5b has a threaded portion 5c that screws into the exterior wall material 3. The base of the leg 5b penetrates the column material 8 and the base wall material 2 and has a smooth surface. Therefore, the exterior wall material fastener 5 screws into the exterior wall material 3. On the other hand, the exterior wall material fastener 5 penetrates the base wall material 2 and the column material 8 without being screwed into. The exterior wall material fastener 5 may have a base portion 5b that spans both the base wall material 2 and the exterior wall material 3, or a screw portion 5c that spans both the base wall material 2 and the exterior wall material 3. The exterior wall material fastener 5 may also be a nail.

[0026] The exterior wall material 3 is fixed to the base wall material 2 by reinforcing fasteners 19 for reinforcement, even in areas where there are no column materials 8. The reinforcing fasteners 19 are, for example, screws, and have a head 19a and a leg 19b. The end of the leg 19b has a threaded portion 19c that screws into the exterior wall material 3. The reinforcing fasteners 19 penetrate the base wall material 2 from the indoor side and screw into the exterior wall material 3. The fixing points by the reinforcing fasteners 19 are set appropriately at any desired location. The reinforcing fasteners 19 may also be nails.

[0027] As shown in Figure 2, the initial installation mounting bracket 15 includes a flat plate portion 15a fixed to the structure and a bent portion 15b that bends outward from the lower end of the flat plate portion 15a. The initial installation mounting bracket 15 is positioned above the flashing member 14 and locks the lower end 3h of the lowest exterior wall material 3 with the bent portion 15b. The initial installation mounting bracket 15 and the flashing member 14 are provided below the lowest base wall material 2 and the lowest exterior wall material 3. The flashing member 14 is fixed to the column material 8 by screws 17. The initial installation mounting bracket 15 is fixed to the column material 8 by screws 17 via the flashing member 14. The base wall material fixing bracket 4 also penetrates the column material 8, passing through the initial installation mounting bracket 15, the flashing member 14, and the lowest base wall material 2. In other words, the mounting bracket 15 for starting the installation, the flashing member 14, and the bottom layer of base wall material 2 are fixed to the column member 8 by the base wall material fixing bracket 4.

[0028] As shown in Figure 2, the soffit trim 16 includes a flat plate portion 16a fixed to the structure and an exposed portion 16b provided at the tip of the flat plate portion 16a. The flat plate portion 16a abuts against the upper end 3j. The soffit trim 16 is fixed to the column member 8 by screws 17. The base wall material fixing device 4, which fixes the uppermost base wall material 2, passes through the soffit trim 16 and the upper end 2j of the base wall material 2, and then through the column member 8. In other words, the soffit trim 16 and the uppermost base wall material 2 are fixed to the column member 8 by the base wall material fixing device 4.

[0029] As shown in Figure 3, on the indoor side of the joint (vertical joint 2p) of adjacent base wall materials 2 on the left and right, two column members 8 are arranged side by side with their main body pieces 8a in contact with each other. A left and right joining member 11 extending in the vertical direction is provided between the left and right side ends of the base wall material 2.

[0030] As shown in Figure 3, the left-right joining member 11 is made of, for example, a metal plate-shaped member, and a hat joiner with a hat-shaped cross-section is selected. The left-right joining member 11 has a protrusion 11a that projects from the indoor side to the outdoor side in the center in the left-right direction, and a flat plate portion 11b that extends in the left-right direction from the end of the protrusion 11a. The left-right joining member 11 has the flat plate portion 11b located on the indoor side of the base wall material 2, and the protrusion 11a is sandwiched between the left and right adjacent base wall materials 2 in contact. The left-right joining member 11 has a left-right width that spans the left and right edges of the column material 8 when viewed from the outdoor side in the left-right direction. In addition, sealing 12 is applied to the outdoor side of the protrusion 11a of the left-right joining member 11.

[0031] As shown in Figure 3, on the indoor side of the joint (vertical joint 3p) of adjacent exterior wall materials 3, two column members 8 are arranged side by side with their main body pieces 8a in contact with each other. The vertical joint 3p of the exterior wall material 3 is located on a different column member 8 than the one on which the vertical joint 2p of the base wall material 2 is located. In other words, the exterior wall material 3 is positioned so that its vertical joint 3p is offset from the position of the vertical joint 2p of the base wall material 2. A left-right joining member 11 is provided between the left and right side ends of the exterior wall material 3. The left-right joining member 11 has a flat plate portion 11b located on the indoor side of the exterior wall material 3, and a convex portion 11a is sandwiched between adjacent exterior wall materials 3 in contact with each other. Adhesive 6 is applied vertically in the vertical direction to the outdoor side of the flat plate portion 11b, that is, the surface facing the back surface 3b of the exterior wall material 3. Sealing 12 is applied to the exterior side of the protrusion 11a of the left and right joining member 11. The vertical joint 3p of the exterior wall material 3 may be at the same position as the vertical joint 2p of the base wall material 2 on the column 8. In this case, one left and right joining member 11 may be placed, with the protrusion 11a projecting from the interior side of the base wall material 2 to the vertical joint 3p of the exterior wall material 3.

[0032] <Construction process for wall structure (first embodiment)> Next, a construction method for the wall structure 1 according to the first embodiment described above will be explained. The construction process for the wall structure 1 comprises a base wall material fixing process and an exterior wall material fixing process. The wall structure 1 comprises a plurality of column members 8 arranged at predetermined intervals in the left-right direction. Two column members 8 are arranged side by side on the left and right, with their main body pieces 8a in contact with each other, aligned with the joints (vertical joints 2p) of adjacent base wall materials 2 in the left-right direction and the joints (vertical joints 3p) of adjacent exterior wall materials 3 in the left-right direction.

[0033] The process of fixing the base wall material involves placing the base wall material 2 on the outdoor side of multiple column members 8 and fixing it to the column members 8 with base wall material fixing devices 4. Specifically, as shown in Figure 2, a flashing member 14 and an attachment device 15 for starting the installation are provided on the lower part of the outdoor side surface (surface 2a) of the base wall material 2. More specifically, the flashing member 14 is fixed to the column member 8 with screws 17. Then, the attachment device 15 for starting the installation is fixed to the column member 8 with screws 17. The bottom layer of base wall material 2 is arranged in a left-right direction so that its lower end 2h abuts against the attachment device 15 for starting the installation. The bottom layer of base wall material 2 has its lower edge cut. At the point where the indoor surface of the base wall material 2 abuts against the column member 8, the base wall material 2 is fixed to the column member 8 by a base wall material fixing device 4 that penetrates the base wall material 2 from the outdoor side. The fixing points using the base wall material fastener 4 and screws 17 are set in locations where holes 8f and 8h have not been formed in the column material 8.

[0034] As shown in Figure 3, a left-right joining member 11 extending in the vertical direction is provided between the left and right side ends of the base wall material 2. The left-right joining member 11 has a flat plate portion 11b located on the indoor side of the base wall material 2, and a convex portion 11a is in contact with and sandwiched between two adjacent base wall materials 2.

[0035] The upper layer of base wall material 2 is placed on top of the base wall material 2 arranged on the left and right, and is similarly fixed to the column material 8 with base wall material fasteners 4. At this time, the upper and lower joint portions 2d on the back side of the lower layer and the upper and lower joint portions 2c on the front side of the upper layer are joined so that they overlap in the thickness direction. A waterproofing material 7 is applied between the upper and lower joint portions 2d on the back side and the upper and lower joint portions 2c on the front side of the upper layer. The top edge of the uppermost base wall material 2 is cut. The topmost base wall material 2 is placed so that its upper end 2j abuts against the soffit trim 16. The upper end 2j of the topmost base wall material 2 and the soffit trim 16 are fixed to the column material 8 with base wall material fasteners 4. In addition, sealant 12 is applied to the outdoor side of the protrusions 11a of the left and right joining members 11.

[0036] The exterior wall material fixing process involves placing the exterior wall material 3 on the outdoor side of the base wall material 2 and fixing it to the column material 8 via the base wall material 2 using exterior wall material fixing devices 5. Specifically, as shown in Figure 2, the bottommost exterior wall material 3 is positioned so that its lower end 3h is engaged with the flat plate portion 15a and the bent portion 15b of the starting attachment device 15. The bottommost exterior wall material 3 is cut on the lower side. The exterior wall materials 3 are arranged in order along the left-right direction. The exterior wall material 3 is placed after applying adhesive 6 to, for example, the outdoor side surface (surface 2a in this embodiment) of the base wall material 2, and is fixed to the column material 8 by exterior wall material fixing devices 5. Adhesive 6 may also be applied to the back surface 3b of the exterior wall material 3. The exterior wall material fixing devices 5 penetrate the base wall material 2 through holes 8f and 8h in the column material 8 and reach inside the exterior wall material 3. Furthermore, the exterior wall material 3 is fixed to the base wall material 2 from the indoor side by reinforcing fasteners 19 at any point where there are no column members 8. In the exterior wall material fixing process, the exterior wall material fasteners 5 are fixed to the exterior wall material 3 by passing through the hole 8f in the indoor piece 8c and the hole 8h in the outdoor piece 8b of the column member 8, for example, using an impact driver with a long bit, and penetrating the base wall material 2. Note that the hole 8f in the indoor piece 8c and the hole 8h in the outdoor piece 8b are arranged to be aligned in a straight line in the indoor-outdoor direction. The hole 8f in the indoor piece 8c is large enough for the head 5a of the exterior wall material fastener 5 to pass through, and is slightly larger than the hole 8h in the outdoor piece 8b.

[0037] Between the left and right side ends of the exterior wall material 3, a left and right joining member 11 extending in the vertical direction is provided. The left and right joining member 11 has a flat plate portion 11b located on the indoor side of the exterior wall material 3, and a protruding portion 11a is sandwiched between adjacent exterior wall materials 3 on the left and right sides in contact with them.

[0038] The uppermost exterior wall material 3 is placed in order above the left and right side-by-side exterior wall material 3, and similarly fixed to the column material 8 with exterior wall material fasteners 5. At this time, the upper and lower joint portions 3d on the back side of the lower section and the upper and lower joint portions 3c on the front side of the upper section are joined so that they overlap in the thickness direction. A waterproofing material 7 is applied between the upper and lower joint portions 3d on the back side and the upper and lower joint portions 3c on the front side of the upper section. The topmost exterior wall material 3 has its top edge cut. After fixing the soffit trim 16 to the column material 8 with screws 17, the topmost exterior wall material 3 is positioned so that its upper end 3j abuts against the soffit trim 16. The upper end 3j of the topmost exterior wall material 3 is fixed to the column material 8 with exterior wall material fasteners 5. In addition, sealant 12 is applied to the outside side of the protrusions 11a of the left and right joining members 11.

[0039] <Wall structure configuration (second embodiment)> Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to Figures 6 to 8. As shown in Figure 5, the wall structure 1 is provided with building materials in order from the outdoor side to the indoor side, consisting of an exterior wall material 3 and a base wall material 2. Furthermore, the wall structure 1 is provided with a plurality of column members 20 that extend in the vertical direction to support the building materials.

[0040] As shown in Figure 7, the column members 20 are selected from steel materials such as Z-shaped steel, as differing in configuration from the first embodiment. Multiple column members 20 are arranged on the foundation 9 at predetermined intervals in the left-right direction. Each column member 20 has a main body piece 20a, an indoor piece 20b extending to the left from one end of the main body piece 20a, and an outdoor piece 20c extending to the right from the other end of the main body piece 20a. The outdoor piece 20c is provided with a hole 20e for passing the exterior wall material fastener 5 through. Adhesive 6 is applied between the column member 20 and the base wall material 2. The adhesive 6 is applied, for example, vertically in an elongated shape on the outdoor piece 20c of the column member 20. Furthermore, adhesive 6 is applied between the base wall material 2 and the exterior wall material 3 at the location of the column member 20.

[0041] As shown in Figures 6 and 7, multiple base wall materials 2 are arranged in the vertical and horizontal directions. Unlike the first embodiment, the base wall material 2 is set to be thicker than, for example, the exterior wall material 3. In this embodiment, the thickness of the base wall material 2 is 30 mm. The base wall material 2 has higher fire resistance than the exterior wall material 3. That is, the base wall material 2 of this embodiment is thicker than the base wall material 2 of the first embodiment. Also, the base wall material 2 is arranged so that the surface 2a faces the indoor side and the back surface 2b faces the outdoor side. That is, the back surface 2b of the base wall material 2 and the back surface 3b of the exterior wall material 3 face each other.

[0042] As shown in Figures 7 and 8, the base wall material 2, unlike the first embodiment, does not use sealant at the joint (vertical joint 2p) of adjacent base wall material 2 on the left and right sides. The base wall material 2 has front left and right joints 2e and back left and right joints 2f at both ends on the left and right sides. The front left and right joints 2e have a thickness of about half the thickness of the base wall material 2, forming an indoor area and with the outdoor area removed. The back left and right joints 2f have a thickness of about half the thickness of the base wall material 2, forming an outdoor area and with the indoor area removed. At the vertical joint 2p, the front left and right joints 2e and the back left and right joints 2f of the base wall material 2 are bonded together so that they overlap in the thickness direction, and are fixed to the column material 20 by a base wall material fixing device 4. A water-stopping material 7 is applied between the front left and right joints 2e and the back left and right joints 2f.

[0043] As shown in Figures 6 and 7, multiple exterior wall materials 3 are arranged in the vertical and horizontal directions. Unlike the first embodiment, the bottommost exterior wall material 3 is not cut on its lower edge, and is supported by the upper and lower joint portions 3c on the front side being locked to the mounting fixture 15 for starting the installation. That is, the upper end of the bottommost exterior wall material 3 is located above the upper end of the bottommost base wall material 2. The exterior wall material 3 is positioned so that its upper and lower joint portions (horizontal joints 3n) are offset from the height of the upper and lower joint portions (horizontal joints 2n) of the base wall material 2. As a result, even if fire enters from one joint, it will be stopped at the other wall material, thus improving fire resistance.

[0044] Unlike the first embodiment, the joint (vertical joint 3p) of adjacent exterior wall materials 3 on the left and right sides does not use sealant, as shown in Figures 7 and 8. The exterior wall material 3 has front left and right joints 3e and back left and right joints 3f at both ends on the left and right sides. The front left and right joints 3e have a thickness of about half the thickness of the exterior wall material 3, forming an outdoor area and with the indoor area removed. The back left and right joints 3f have a thickness of about half the thickness of the exterior wall material 3, forming an indoor area and with the outdoor area removed. At the vertical joint 3p, the front left and right joints 3e and the back left and right joints 3f of the exterior wall material 3 are bonded together so that they overlap in the thickness direction and are fixed by exterior wall material fasteners 5. A water-stopping material 7 is applied between the front left and right joints 3e and the back left and right joints 3f.

[0045] <Construction process for wall structure (Second embodiment)> Next, a construction method for the wall structure 1 according to the second embodiment described above will be explained. The construction process for the wall structure 1 according to this embodiment includes a base wall material fixing process and an exterior wall material fixing process, similar to the first embodiment. The wall structure 1 includes a plurality of column members 20 arranged at predetermined intervals in the left-right direction. Two column members 20 are arranged side by side to the left and right, aligned with the positions of the joints of adjacent base wall materials 2 and adjacent exterior wall materials 3 in the left-right direction.

[0046] In the base wall material fixing process, as shown in Figure 7, the base wall material 2 is placed on the outdoor side of multiple column members 20 and fixed to the column members 20 with base wall material fixing devices 4. In a process that differs from the first embodiment, adhesive 6 is applied between the base wall material 2 and the column members 20. For example, adhesive 6 is applied to the outdoor piece 20c of the column member 20, and then the base wall material 2 is placed. The base wall material 2 is positioned so that the front surface 2a faces the indoor side and the back surface 2b faces the outdoor side. At the joints (vertical joints 2p) of adjacent base wall material 2, the front left and right joints 2e and the back left and right joints 2f are bonded together so that they overlap in the thickness direction, and are fixed to the column members 20 with base wall material fixing devices 4. A waterproofing material 7 is applied between the front left and right joints 2e and the back left and right joints 2f.

[0047] In the exterior wall material fixing process, the exterior wall material 3 is placed on the outdoor side of the base wall material 2 and fixed to the column material 20 via the base wall material 2 using exterior wall material fixing devices 5. The bottommost exterior wall material 3 is arranged in order along the left-right direction. In a process different from the first embodiment, the bottommost exterior wall material 3 is not cut on the lower side, and is supported by the upper and lower joint portions 3c on the front side being locked to the mounting fixture 15 for starting the installation. At the left and right joints (vertical joints 3p) of the exterior wall material 3, the left and right joint portions 3e on the front side and the left and right joint portions 3f on the back side are joined so that they overlap in the thickness direction of the exterior wall material 3 and are fixed to the column material 20 using exterior wall material fixing devices 5. A waterproofing material 7 is applied between the left and right joint portions 3e on the front side and the left and right joint portions 3f on the back side. The uppermost exterior wall material 3 is placed in order above the exterior wall material 3 arranged on the left and right, and similarly fixed to the column material 20 using exterior wall material fixing devices 5.

[0048] <Wall structure configuration (third embodiment)> Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to Figure 9. The wall structure 1 differs from that of the first embodiment in that a spacer 23 is placed between the base wall material 2 and the exterior wall material 3. This provides a ventilation layer 24 between the base wall material 2 and the exterior wall material 3. The spacer 23 is a member with a substantially rectangular cross-section and is positioned in accordance with the position of the column material 8. The spacer 23 is also placed at predetermined intervals in areas where there is no column material 8. Although not shown in the figure, adhesive is applied to the indoor and outdoor surfaces of the spacer 23. As shown in Figure 9, the base wall material 2 differs from that of the first embodiment in that it does not use sealant.

[0049] As shown in Figure 9, the vertical joint 2p of the base wall material 2 and the vertical joint 3p of the exterior wall material 3 are butt joints. In other words, the base wall material 2 and the exterior wall material 3 do not have front-side left and right joints and back-side left and right joints, and the vertical joints 2p and 3p do not have left and right joint members or sealants.

[0050] The wall structure 1, as shown in Figure 9, has a configuration different from the first embodiment, and includes an insulating material 25 placed between the column members 8. The insulating material 25 is a substantially rectangular plate-like member, for example, a horizontally elongated rectangle. The insulating material 25 can be, for example, glass wool, rock wool, phenolic foam, polyethylene foam, etc. For example, the thickness of the insulating material 25 is set to the thickness that passes between the outer rib 8d and the inner rib 8e of the column member 8. The left and right end faces of the insulating material 25 are in contact with the main body piece 8a. A gap is provided between the insulating material 25 and the base wall material 2.

[0051] <Construction process for wall structure (third embodiment)> Next, the construction method for the wall structure 1 according to the third embodiment described above will be explained. The construction process for the wall structure 1 according to this embodiment includes a base wall material fixing step and an exterior wall material fixing step, similar to the first embodiment.

[0052] Unlike the first embodiment, as shown in Figure 9, spacers 23 are placed on the exterior side of the base wall material 2 in accordance with the position of the column members 8. The spacers 23 are fixed with adhesive (not shown). The spacers 23 are also placed at predetermined intervals in areas where there are no column members 8. A ventilation layer 24 is provided between the base wall material 2 and the exterior wall material 3. Unlike the first embodiment, the vertical joints 2p of the base wall material 2 and the vertical joints 3p of the exterior wall material 3 are butt joints that do not use left and right joining members and sealant. In addition, insulation material 25 is placed between the column members 8. The left and right end faces of the insulation material 25 abut against the main body piece 8a. A gap is provided between the insulation material 25 and the base wall material 2.

[0053] <Wall structure configuration (Fourth embodiment)> Next, a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to Figure 10. The exterior wall material 3 is fixed to the column member 8 by fasteners 27 and screws 28, in a configuration different from that of the first embodiment. That is, the fasteners 27 and screws 28 correspond to the exterior wall material fasteners. The screws 28 are inserted through pre-formed screw holes in the fasteners 27, penetrate the base wall material 2 from the outside, and reach the column member 8. The screws 28 also function as base wall material fasteners. The fasteners 27 are placed between the base wall material 2 and the exterior wall material 3 without using adhesive 6. In addition, a ventilation layer 24 is provided between the exterior wall material 3 and the base wall material 2, equal to the thickness of the fasteners 27. The fasteners 27 are installed so as not to create a gap between them and the base wall material 2. If the base wall material 2 is fixed to the column member 8 with adhesive, the base wall material 2 may be fixed to the column member 8 by screws 28 without using the base wall material fasteners 4.

[0054] <Construction process for wall structure (Fourth embodiment)> Next, the construction method for the wall structure 1 according to the fourth embodiment described above will be explained. The construction process for the wall structure 1 according to this embodiment includes a base wall material fixing step and an exterior wall material fixing step, similar to the first embodiment.

[0055] As shown in Figure 10, in the base wall material fixing process, the base wall material 2 is fixed to the column material 8 by the base wall material fixing device 4. In a process that differs from the first embodiment, the fasteners 27 that constitute the exterior wall material fixing device are fixed to the base wall material 2 by screws 28. The base wall material 2 is further fixed to the column material 8 by screws 28.

[0056] In the exterior wall material fixing process, the exterior wall material 3 is fixed to the column material 8 by fasteners 27 and screws 28 that are placed between it and the base wall material 2. For example, two fasteners 27 are placed on the upper side of the exterior wall material 3 so as to straddle the exterior wall material 3 adjacent to each other on the left and right, and are fixed to the column material 8 by screws 28. The upper exterior wall material 3 is placed in order above the exterior wall material 3 lined up on the left and right, and is similarly fixed to the column material 8 by fasteners 27 and screws 28. A ventilation layer 24 is provided between the base wall material 2 and the exterior wall material 3.

[0057] <Wall structure configuration (5th embodiment)> Next, a fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to Figure 11. The wall structure 1 has a configuration different from that of the first embodiment, and includes an additional wall material 30 arranged on the indoor side of the base wall material 2, and a fire-resistant covering material 32 arranged on the indoor side of the additional wall material 30.

[0058] The additional wall material 30 is placed between the column members 8 as shown in Figure 11. The additional wall material 30 is a roughly rectangular plate-like member, for example, a horizontally elongated rectangle. The additional wall material 30 is made from a fire-resistant material such as gypsum board such as reinforced gypsum board or calcium silicate board. The thickness of the additional wall material 30 is, for example, the same as the height of the outer rib 8d of the column member 8 in the indoor-outdoor direction. The additional wall material 30 is fixed to the base wall material 2 from the indoor side by fasteners 31 at fixing points set at predetermined intervals in the vertical and horizontal directions. The fasteners 31 penetrate the additional wall material 30 from the indoor side and fix the additional wall material 30 without protruding from the outdoor side surface (surface 2a) of the base wall material 2. The fasteners 31 are, for example, staples, screws, or nails. The method of fastening staples can be appropriately selected from a gun tacker, electric tacker, air tacker, hammer tacker, etc.

[0059] The fire-resistant covering material 32 is, for example, a fire-resistant or insulating material such as sprayed polyurethane or sprayed rock wool. The fire-resistant covering material 32 is arranged to cover the column material 8 and the additional wall material 30 from the indoor side. This improves fire resistance and heat insulation.

[0060] <Construction process for wall structure (5th embodiment)> Next, a construction method for the wall structure 1 according to the fifth embodiment described above will be explained. The construction process for the wall structure 1 according to this embodiment includes a base wall material fixing step and an exterior wall material fixing step, similar to the first embodiment.

[0061] In a process different from the first embodiment, as shown in Figure 11, an additional wall material 30 is placed on the indoor side of the base wall material 2. The additional wall material 30 is fixed to the base wall material 2 from the indoor side by fasteners 31 at fixing points set at predetermined intervals in the vertical and horizontal directions. Furthermore, a fire-resistant covering material 32 is placed on the indoor side of the additional wall material 30. The fire-resistant covering material 32 is placed so as to cover the column material 8 and the additional wall material 30 from the indoor side.

[0062] <Other Embodiments> The wall structure 1 may be configured such that, as shown in Figure 12, the upper and lower joints 2c on the front side of the lowest layer of base wall material 2 and the upper and lower joints 3c on the front side of the lowest layer of exterior wall material 3 are both secured to the mounting fixture 15. Alternatively, the shapes of the mounting fixture 15 and fasteners 27, as viewed from the left and right directions, may conform to the shapes of the upper and lower joints of the base wall material 2 and the upper and lower joints of the exterior wall material 3. Furthermore, as shown in Figure 13(a), the vertical dimension of the base wall material 2 may be twice the vertical dimension of the exterior wall material 3. Also, as shown in Figure 13(b), the thickness dimension of the exterior wall material 3 may decrease towards the top, with the upper end 3j of the lower layer overlapping the upper and lower joints 3c on the front side of the upper layer in the thickness direction. Note that the base wall material fasteners 4 and exterior wall material fasteners 5 are not shown in Figures 12, 13(a), and 13(b).

[0063] <Effects of the Embodiment> The wall structure 1 according to the first to fifth embodiments described above includes column members 8, 20, a base wall material 2 located on the outdoor side of the column members 8, 20, and an exterior wall material 3 located on the outdoor side of the base wall material 2. The base wall material fixing device 4 penetrates from the outdoor side surface to the indoor side surface of the base wall material 2 and reaches the column members 8, 20. The exterior wall material fixing device 5 penetrates from the column members 8, 20 through the base wall material 2 and has its tip inside the exterior wall material 3.

[0064] Therefore, both the base wall material 2 and the exterior wall material 3 are fixed to the column members 8 and 20 by the base wall material fasteners 4 and exterior wall material fasteners 5. The column members 8 and 20 are the foundation and framework of the building and have a stronger holding strength compared to other wall materials. Therefore, both the base wall material 2 and the exterior wall material 3 are stably fixed by being directly held by the column members 8 and 20. The tip of the exterior wall material fastener 5 is located inside the exterior wall material 3 and is not visible on the exterior side of the exterior wall material 3. Therefore, the design of the wall structure is not compromised by the exposure of the exterior wall material fastener 5.

[0065] The construction method for the wall structure 1 according to the first to fifth embodiments comprises a base wall material fixing step and an exterior wall material fixing step. In the base wall material fixing step, the base wall material 2 is placed on the outdoor side of the column members 8, 20. The base wall material 2 is fixed to the column members 8, 20 by a base wall material fixing device 4 that penetrates the base wall material 2 from the outdoor side to the indoor side and reaches the column members 8, 20. In the exterior wall material fixing step, the exterior wall material 3 is placed on the outdoor side of the base wall material 2. The exterior wall material 3 is fixed to the column members 8, 20 by an exterior wall material fixing device 5 that penetrates the base wall material 2 from the column members 8, 20 and has its tip secured inside the exterior wall material 3.

[0066] Therefore, both the base wall material 2 and the exterior wall material 3 are fixed to the column members 8 and 20 by the base wall material fasteners 4 and exterior wall material fasteners 5. The column members 8 and 20 are the foundation and framework of the building and are stronger than other wall materials. Therefore, both the base wall material 2 and the exterior wall material 3 are stably fixed by being directly held by the column members 8 and 20. The tip of the exterior wall material fastener 5 is located inside the exterior wall material 3 and is not visible on the exterior side of the exterior wall material 3. Therefore, the design of the wall structure 1 is not compromised by the exposure of the exterior wall material fastener 5.

[0067] In the wall structure 1 according to the third and fourth embodiments, a ventilation layer 24 is formed between the base wall material 2 and the exterior wall material 3. Therefore, the ventilation layer 24 can prevent moisture and other substances from remaining inside the wall structure.

[0068] In the wall structure 1 according to the first to fifth embodiments, the base wall material 2 and the exterior wall material 3 are formed from the same material. Therefore, for example, there is no need to prepare different materials, which improves the efficiency of assembly work. Alternatively, space for storing different materials is not required, and the storage area can be reduced. Alternatively, the increase in the number of workers that would occur if different workers were to install each material can be suppressed.

[0069] The wall structure 1 according to the fifth embodiment has a plurality of parallel column members 8 and an additional wall material 30. The additional wall material 30 is provided between the column members 8 and is in contact with the indoor side surface of the base wall material 2. Therefore, the heat capacity of the wall structure 1 is increased by the additional wall material 30, and the fire resistance of the wall structure 1 is improved.

[0070] In the wall structure 1 according to the second embodiment, the base wall material 2 has higher fire resistance than the exterior wall material 3. Therefore, fire resistance can be provided by the base wall material 2, which is not exposed to the outside. As a result, the exterior wall material 3 can be selected with aesthetic appeal as the priority. Thus, the aesthetic appeal of the wall structure 1 can be improved.

[0071] In the wall structure 1 according to the first embodiment, adhesive 6 is applied vertically to the column member 8. Since the column member 8, which is made of steel, is where the base wall material 2 and the exterior wall material 3 are fixed by fasteners, the adhesive 6 is applied more firmly when the base wall material fasteners 4 and exterior wall material fasteners 5 are fixed, allowing for more stable fixing.

[0072] This disclosure is not limited to the appearance and configuration described in the embodiments described above, and various modifications, additions, and deletions are possible without altering the essence of the document.

[0073] The dimensions of the base wall material 2 and the exterior wall material 3 can be appropriately selected from various sizes, such as 455 x 3030 mm and 455 x 1820 mm. Furthermore, instead of horizontal siding where the materials are laid out side-by-side, a vertical siding configuration may also be used.

[0074] The base wall material 2 and the exterior wall material 3 may be made of the same material, or they may be made of different materials.

[0075] In the above embodiment, an example was shown in which two adjacent C-shaped steel sections and one C-shaped steel section were arranged as column members 8. However, column members 8 may also consist of only two adjacent C-shaped steel sections or only one C-shaped steel section. Alternatively, square-shaped (rectangular) steel sections may also be used.

[0076] The steel frame may extend horizontally. Wood may also be used for the columns.

[0077] In the above embodiment, an example of applying the adhesive vertically is shown, but it is not limited to this, and the adhesive may also be applied horizontally. Furthermore, multiple locations where the adhesive is partially applied may be arranged. In addition, the locations where the adhesive is applied do not necessarily have to be on the steel frame (column). For example, it may be applied to the back surface of the exterior wall material, or to the surface of the base wall material.

[0078] A column member 8 made of C-shaped steel may have a configuration in which the outdoor piece 8b does not have a hole 8h for passing the exterior wall material fastener 5 through, but only a hole 8f is provided in the indoor piece 8c. Similarly, a column member 20 made of Z-shaped steel may have a configuration in which the outdoor piece 20c does not have a hole 20e.

[0079] In the first embodiment, no gap is formed between the base wall material 2 and the exterior wall material 3, and the head 4a of the base wall material fixing device 4 is embedded in the surface 2a at the fixing point 2k of the base wall material 2. If a gap is formed between the base wall material 2 and the exterior wall material 3, the head 4a of the base wall material fixing device 4 may be located between the base wall material 2 and the exterior wall material 3.

[0080] In the first embodiment, an example is shown in which the surface 2a and back surface 2b of the base wall material 2 are flat. Alternatively, the surface 2a of the base wall material 2 may have a pattern; in this case, the recessed parts of the pattern's irregularities function as a ventilation layer.

[0081] In the second embodiment, as an example of a configuration to enhance the fire resistance of the base wall material 2, the same material is used for both the base wall material 2 and the exterior wall material 3, but the base wall material 2 is thicker than the exterior wall material 3. Alternatively, the base wall material 2 may be made of a material with higher fire resistance than the exterior wall material 3 to enhance the fire resistance of the base wall material 2. Furthermore, even if the exterior wall material 3 and the base wall material 2 are made of the same material, fire resistance may be enhanced by using wall materials with different compositional ratios. In other words, the base wall material 2 may be made of a wall material with a higher fire resistance composition.

[0082] The thickness of the wall materials used for the exterior wall material 3 and the base wall material 2 can be selected from a variety of options. For example, wall materials with thicknesses ranging from 12 mm to 45 mm can be appropriately selected.

[0083] In the above embodiment, an example of a double-layer structure in which the base wall material 2 and the exterior wall material 3 are arranged overlapping in the thickness direction is shown, but the structure is not limited to this, and a configuration in which three or more base wall material 2 and exterior wall material 3 are arranged overlapping in the thickness direction is also possible. For example, two base wall material 2 may be overlapped and bonded together in the thickness direction, and the exterior wall material 3 may be bonded to the exterior side thereof. Alternatively, two base wall material 2 and one exterior wall material 3 may be overlapped and bonded together in the thickness direction.

[0084] Wall structure 1 may also be configured with a waterproof sheet laid on top. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0085] 1 Wall structure 2. Substrate wall material 2a surface 2b Back side 2c Top and bottom joints on the front side 2d upper and lower joint on the back side 2e Front side left and right joint 2f Rear left and right joint 3 Exterior wall materials 3a surface 3b back side 3c Upper and lower joints on the front side 3d backside top and bottom joint 3e Front side left and right joint 3f Rear left and right joint 4. Fixing hardware for base wall material 4a head 4b Legs 4c threaded section 5 Exterior wall material fixings 5a head 5b Legs 5c threaded section 6. Adhesive 7. Waterproofing material 8 Pillar material 9 Basics 10 Eave ceiling material 11 Left and right joining members 12 Ceiling 14 Drainage components 15. Mounting tool for starting the tensioning process 16 Eaves Tenmikirien 17 screws 19 Reinforcement fasteners 20 Pillar material 23 Spacers 24 Ventilation layer 25 Insulation 27 Fasteners 28 screws 30 Additional wall materials 32 Fireproof cladding

Claims

1. Pillar material and, The base wall material located on the exterior side of the aforementioned column member, The exterior wall material located on the exterior side of the aforementioned base wall material, A base wall material fixing device that penetrates the indoor side of the base wall material from the outdoor side to the indoor side and reaches the column material, A wall structure comprising an exterior wall material fixing device that penetrates the base wall material from the column material and has its tip inside the exterior wall material.

2. The wall structure according to claim 1, wherein a ventilation layer is formed between the base wall material and the exterior wall material.

3. The wall structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the base wall material and the exterior wall material are formed from the same material.

4. Multiple of the aforementioned column members are arranged side by side, The wall structure according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising an additional wall material provided between the column members and in contact with the indoor side surface of the base wall material.

5. The wall structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the base wall material has higher fire resistance than the exterior wall material.

6. A base wall material fixing step is to place a base wall material on the outdoor side of the column material and fix the base wall material to the column material using a base wall material fixing device that penetrates the base wall material from the outdoor side to the indoor side and reaches the column material, A method for constructing a building wall structure, comprising an exterior wall material fixing step of arranging the exterior wall material on the exterior side of the base wall material and fixing the exterior wall material to the column material with an exterior wall material fixing device that penetrates the base wall material from the column material and has its tip fixed inside the exterior wall material.

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