Measuring fixtures

Abstract

To provide a measuring jig that is highly versatile and reduces the effort required of workers during installation. [Solution] A measuring jig 10 used to investigate the position and inclination of anchor bolts 150 provided on a pier or abutment when repairing and reinforcing a bridge having a concrete pier or abutment comprises a main body 11 and a marker plate 15 having a center detection mark 16a. The main body has a fitting recess S that fits onto the tip 152 of the anchor bolt, and an orthogonal surface 11a formed on the opposite side of the fitting recess along the axis Y of the anchor bolt, perpendicular to the axis Y. The marker plate is installed on the orthogonal surface, and the inner surface 11c of the fitting recess is smoothly formed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a measuring jig used to measure the tip position and axial direction of an anchor bolt protruding from a pier when attaching a member to a substructure in bridge repair and reinforcement.

Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the aging deterioration of bridges, the need for bridge repair and reinforcement has been increasing. When repairing and reinforcing a bridge, for example, a steel support member for supporting a bridge girder may be installed on a pier or abutment (see Patent Document 1). The steel support member is fixed to a plurality of anchor bolts driven into the concrete portion of the pier or abutment. The steel support member has through holes corresponding to each of the plurality of anchor bolts, and each anchor bolt is inserted into the corresponding through hole. A male screw portion is formed on the anchor bolt, and the steel support member is fastened by a nut that can be screwed onto the male screw portion of the anchor bolt.

[0003] By the way, since a large number of reinforcing bars are arranged inside the concrete portion of the pier or abutment, the position of the anchor bolt is a position that avoids the reinforcing bars. Here, basically, driving the anchor bolt is a field operation while checking the position of the reinforcing bars on site, so it is difficult to grasp the position of the anchor bolt in advance. Therefore, the position of the through hole for inserting the anchor bolt is determined after measuring the position of the anchor bolt.

[0004] Patent Document 1 discloses a measuring jig for measuring the position of an anchor bolt. This measuring jig includes a main body portion and a marker plate having an identification function and a center position detection function. A female screw portion is provided on the inner surface of the main body portion from the back side. The male screw of the anchor bolt is screwed into the female screw portion. By this screwing, the measuring jig is fixed to the anchor bolt. The marker plate is attached to the surface of the main body portion.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0005] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2016-121450 [Overview of the project] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0006] However, when installing steel members, such as the aforementioned steel support members, on bridge girders or abutments for repair and reinforcement of bridges, the steel members are sometimes fixed to anchor bolts by welding. In this case, anchor bolts with smoothly formed tips that are exposed from the concrete are used. Since the tips of these anchor bolts do not have male threads, it is not possible to screw the measuring jig disclosed in Patent Document 1, which has a female thread formed on its inner surface, onto the tip of the anchor bolt. Therefore, it is difficult to stably attach such a measuring jig to the tip of an anchor bolt exposed in concrete.

[0007] Furthermore, when installing a measuring jig with a female threaded portion on an anchor bolt having a male threaded portion, as described in Reference 1, the measuring jig must be screwed onto the anchor bolt and secured. Therefore, on-site workers must not simply place the measuring jig over the tip of each of the multiple anchor bolts, but instead use tools to screw it onto each one individually, which is time-consuming for the on-site workers.

[0008] This invention was made to solve the aforementioned problems and aims to provide a measuring jig that is highly versatile and can reduce the effort required of workers during installation. [Means for solving the problem]

[0009] To achieve the above objective, a measuring jig according to one aspect of the present invention has the following features.

[0010] (1) In a measuring jig (10) used to investigate the position and inclination of anchor bolts (150) provided on a bridge pier or abutment when repairing and reinforcing a bridge having a concrete pier or abutment, The device comprises a main body (main body section 11) and a marker plate (15) having a center detection mark (16a), The aforementioned main body is A fitting recess (through hole S) that fits into the tip (152) of the anchor bolt, The anchor bolt has a first orthogonal surface (first surface 11a) formed on the opposite side of the fitting recess along the axis (Y), in a manner perpendicular to the axis (Y) of the anchor bolt, The marker plate is installed on the orthogonal surface, The measuring jig is characterized in that the inner surface (11c) of the fitting recess is smoothly formed. According to the embodiment described in (1) above, since the inner surface of the fitting recess is smoothly formed, such a fitting recess can be fitted to anchor bolts with a smoothly formed tip, such as those without male threads, and to anchor bolts with a notch such as a male thread formed at the tip. In other words, it can be made into a highly versatile measuring jig that can be used with either type of anchor bolt. Moreover, whether such a fitting recess is fitted to an anchor bolt with a smoothly formed tip or to an anchor bolt with a notch formed at the tip, it can be fitted smoothly without causing any snagging at the tip. (2) In the measuring jig described in (1), The cross-sectional shape of the fitting recess perpendicular to the axis is circular. The measuring jig may also be characterized in that the main body, which is fitted onto the anchor bolt in the fitting recess, has a rotation prevention member (magnetic sheet 20) installed on the main body to prevent it from rotating in the circumferential direction of the shaft. According to the embodiment described in (2) above, the anti-rotation member can prevent the main body fitted onto the anchor bolt from rotating in the circumferential direction of the axis. (3)(2) In the measuring jig described above, The anchor bolt is made of metal, The anti-rotation member is made of a magnetic sheet, The measurement jig may be characterized in that the magnetic sheet is attached to the bottom surface of the fitting recess. According to the aspect described in (3) above, the magnetic sheet can surely prevent the main body fitted to the metal anchor bolt from rotating in the circumferential direction of the axis. It can be done.

Effect of the Invention

[0011] According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a measurement jig with high versatility and capable of reducing the labor of workers during installation.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0012] [Figure 1] It is a perspective view of the measurement jig according to the first embodiment. [Figure 2] It is a cross-sectional view of the measurement jig according to the first embodiment. [Figure 3] It is a six-sided view of the measurement jig according to the first embodiment. [Figure 4] It is a perspective view showing the structure of a bridge according to the first embodiment. [Figure 5] (A) is a perspective view of the anchor bolt according to the first embodiment, and (B) is a perspective view of the state where the anchor bolt according to the first embodiment is embedded in the beam portion. [Figure 6] It is a perspective view of the state where the measurement jig is arranged on the anchor bolt according to the first embodiment. [Figure 7] It is a schematic side view regarding the correction of the anchor position deviation amount according to the first embodiment. [Figure 8] It shows a perspective view of the steel support member according to the first embodiment.

Modes for Carrying Out the Invention

[0013] First, the first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. A perspective view of the measuring jig 10 according to the first embodiment is shown in FIG. 1, a cross-sectional view of the measuring jig 10 is shown in FIG. 2, and six views of the measuring jig 10 are shown in FIG. 3. In particular, FIG. 3(A) is a front view of the measuring jig 10, FIG. 3(B) is a plan view of the measuring jig 10, FIG. 3(C) is a right side view of the measuring jig 10, FIG. 3(D) is a bottom view of the measuring jig 10, FIG. 3(E) is a left side view of the measuring jig 10, and FIG. 3(F) is a rear view of the measuring jig 10.

[0014] The measuring jig 10 consists of a main body portion 11 and a marker plate 15. The main body portion 11 of the measuring jig 10 is made of aluminum and has a disk shape centered on the axis X (see FIGS. 1 and 2). The first surface 11a of the main body portion 11 is a circular plane and is perpendicular to the axis X of the main body portion 11. A cross-shaped center line 11e that intersects at the intersection of the first surface 11a and the axis X is drawn on this first surface 11a. In the measuring jig 10, the marker plate 15, which will be described later and partially overlaps with this center line 11e, is arranged on the first surface 11a (see FIG. 1).

[0015] An insertion hole S having a circular opening is provided in the center of the second surface 11b on the back side of the first surface 11a (see FIG. 3(F)). This insertion hole S is drilled in a cylindrical shape with the axis X as the central axis (see FIG. 2). The insertion hole S is surrounded by a cylindrical inner surface 11c that extends parallel to the axis X of the main body portion 11 and a hole bottom surface 11d that is a circular plane parallel to the first surface 11a and the second surface 11b.

[0016] The inner surface 11c is a smooth surface without undulations and without notches such as female or male threads (see FIG. 2). The inner diameter dimension of the insertion hole S formed by this inner surface 11c is 46 mm. The outer diameter dimension formed by the tip side surface 152a of the tip portion 152 of the anchor bolt 150 (the surface facing the inner surface 11c of the insertion hole S), which will be described later, is 45 mm, and the inner diameter dimension formed by the inner surface 11c of the insertion hole S is larger. Therefore, the measuring jig 10 can fit and accommodate the tip portion 152 of the anchor bolt 150 in the insertion hole S of the main body portion 11.

[0017] The bottom surface 11d of the insertion hole S is perpendicular to the axis X of the main body 11, just like the first surface 11a. A plate-shaped (sheet-like) magnet sheet (rubber magnet) 20 is attached to this bottom surface 11d (see Figures 2 and 3). The magnet sheet 20 is made, for example, by mixing ferrite magnet powder with rubber and molding it into a sheet. The surface of this magnet sheet 20 is also perpendicular to the axis X of the main body 11.

[0018] The magnetic sheet 20 has a rotation prevention function that prevents the main body 11 of the measuring jig 10, which is fitted onto the anchor bolt 150 through the insertion hole S, from rotating in the circumferential direction of the axis Y. Now, consider the case where a measuring jig, which has the same shape as the insertion hole S described above, i.e., an insertion hole with a smooth inner surface without any irregularities and an inner diameter of 46 mm, and does not have the magnetic sheet 20, is fitted onto an anchor bolt which has the same shape as the tip portion 152, i.e., a tip portion with a smooth tip surface without any irregularities and an outer diameter of 45 mm. Even when the measuring jig is fitted onto the anchor bolt, an external force may act on the measuring jig, causing it to rotate in the circumferential direction of the axis of the anchor bolt.

[0019] Therefore, in the measurement jig 10 according to the first embodiment, as described above, a magnet sheet 20 is attached to the bottom surface 11d of the insertion hole S. When the tip 152 (tip surface 152b) of the metal anchor bolt 150 reaches the magnet sheet 20 during fitting, the tip 152 and the magnet sheet 20 are attracted to each other by magnetic force and become attracted to each other. As a result, it is possible to prevent the measurement jig 10 fitted to the tip 152 of the anchor bolt 150 from rotating in the circumferential direction of the axis (axis Y described later) of the anchor bolt 150.

[0020] The marker plate 15 of the measuring jig 10 is rectangular in shape (specifically, a black plate formed in a square shape) (see Figures 1 and 2). A white frame 16 is drawn on the surface 15a of this marker plate 15. In addition, a center detection mark 16a is drawn at one of the four corners of the white frame 16, and an identification marker 17 is drawn inside the white frame 16. The identification marker 17 consists of a pattern composed of multiple white square identifiers 17a, 17b, 17c, and 17d arranged inside the white frame 16, and the relative position of the identification marker 17 and the center detection mark 16a makes it possible to identify the marker plate 15.

[0021] Furthermore, each of the four sides 15s surrounding the marker plate 15 has a reference line 15b at the center of each side (see Figures 1 and 3). In the measuring jig 10 of the first embodiment, the marker plate 15 is attached to the first surface 11a of the main body 11 so that the reference line 15b and the center line 11e are aligned. As a result, the center of the white frame 16 is the center of the marker plate 15, and it coincides with the position through which the axis X of the main body 11 of the measuring jig 10 passes. Thus, the white frame 16 of the marker plate 15 has the function of detecting the center position of the measuring jig 10.

[0022] Next, the bridge 100 will be described. Figure 4 shows a perspective view of the bridge 100. The bridge 100 is used, for example, as a railway bridge, and in Figure 4, the track, deck, and the left (foreground) girder in Figure 4 are omitted from the illustration. Also, a cutaway model is shown for the sake of explanation. The bridge 100 shown in Figure 4 has a structure that includes a beam section 111 provided on the column section 110 of the bridge pier, a main girder 121 placed on the beam section 111, a transverse girder 122 connecting the main girders 121 to each other, and bearings 125 placed between the main girders 121 and the beam section 111 and fixed to each of them. The beam section 111 has a first side surface 111a facing the side where the main girders 121 and transverse girder 122 are not placed in Figure 4, and a second side surface 111b facing the side where the main girders 121 and transverse girder 122 are placed. Furthermore, the structure shown in Figure 4 is just one example of a configuration adopted for bridge 100, and does not preclude the application of the invention to other configurations.

[0023] In carrying out seismic reinforcement and structural reinforcement work on this bridge 100, the replacement work on the bearings 125 will be carried out according to the following procedure.

[0024] Figure 5(A) shows a perspective view of the anchor bolt 150, and Figure 5(B) shows the anchor bolt 150 installed on the beam 111. The anchor bolt 150 shown in Figure 5(A) is used as the metal anchor bolt 150 to be installed on the beam 111. This anchor bolt 150 consists of a cylindrical rod-shaped main body 151 with axis Y as its central axis, a tip 152 which forms one end (tip) of the anchor bolt 150 and is located on the tip side of the main body 151, and a polygonal prism-shaped base end 153 (octagonal prism in the first embodiment) which forms the other end of the anchor bolt 150. The tip 152 has a tip side surface 152a which forms a cylindrical surface and a tip surface 152b which is located at the tip of the anchor bolt 150 and is perpendicular to axis Y. The tip 152 is the part that is housed in the insertion hole S when the anchor bolt 150 is fitted with the measuring jig 10. In this embodiment, the anchor bolts are made of steel, but anchor bolts made of materials other than steel may be used as long as they can attract magnets.

[0025] Neither the main body 151 nor the tip 152 of the anchor bolt 150 have notches such as female or male threads (see Figure 5(A)). In other words, both the main body 151 and the tip 152 are smooth. This is because, in a later process, when a steel member is welded to the anchor bolt 150 (see Figure 8), the anchor bolt 150 of the first embodiment, which has no notches on either the main body 151 or the tip 152, can be welded to the steel member more reliably than an anchor bolt with notches such as male threads on the main body or its tip. The outer diameter of the main body 151 and the tip 152 is 45 mm.

[0026] As shown in Figure 5(B), the anchor bolt 150 is held in place by the beam 111 such that a portion of the main body 151 and the tip 152 protrude from the second side surface 111b of the beam 111. The beam 111 is made of reinforced concrete, with reinforcing bars arranged vertically and horizontally inside. Therefore, the anchor bolt 150 is positioned to avoid the reinforcing bars. Specifically, a hole is made in the concrete, and the anchor bolt 150 is installed with its base end 153 facing the concrete side, and then fixed using a hardening resin or the like (see Figure 5(B)).

[0027] Next, in order to measure the position of the anchor bolt 150, the measuring jig 10 described above is attached to the tip 152 of the anchor bolt 150. That is, the tip 152 of the anchor bolt 150 is inserted all the way through the insertion hole S of the measuring jig 10. Since a magnetic sheet 20 is attached to the back of the insertion hole S (hole bottom surface 11d) of the measuring jig 10 (see Figures 2 and 3), once the tip 152 of the anchor bolt 150 reaches the back of the insertion hole S, the measuring jig 10 and the anchor bolt 150 are attracted to each other by magnetic force and are attracted to each other. Moreover, since the surface of the magnetic sheet 20 perpendicular to axis X and the tip surface 152b of the tip 152 of the anchor bolt 150 perpendicular to axis Y are in surface contact (overlapping surfaces), the axis X of the main body 11 of the measuring jig 10 and the axis Y of the anchor bolt 150 are parallel. Therefore, when the tip 152 of the anchor bolt 150 is inserted all the way through the insertion hole S of the measuring jig 10, it is possible to prevent the measuring jig 10, which is fitted to the tip 152, from rotating in the circumferential direction of the axis Y of the anchor bolt 150.

[0028] Figure 6 shows a perspective view of the setup for the measurement jig 10 and the subsequent photography. Figure 6 shows the setup of the measurement jig 10, along with multiple marker plates 15. A scale 50 equipped with marker plates 15 is also positioned. In this configuration, digital data is acquired by photographing the surface of the beam section 111 using a digital camera (which acts as the photography means) so that multiple measurement jigs 10 are visible in the image. After acquiring the digital data, it is analyzed to calculate three-dimensional coordinate values, and the positions of the anchor bolts 150 are obtained from these three-dimensional coordinate values.

[0029] The digital camera must be used to capture images at a resolution that allows the identification markers 17 on the marker plates 15 to be identified. This is because the marker plates 15, which are attached to the tips of the anchor bolts 150, are used for individual identification of the measuring fixtures 10. On the other hand, since the anchor bolts 150 are installed over a wide area on the second side surface 111b of the beam section 111, it is difficult to capture images of all the anchor bolts 150 at a resolution that allows the identification markers 17 on the marker plates 15 to be identified. For this reason, the area where the anchor bolts 150 are installed is divided into several regions, and the images are taken so that these regions overlap.

[0030] Then, after photographing the beam section 111 and obtaining digital data, the data is combined using software to obtain combined data. When combining the data, the measurement jig 10 is identified by an identification marker 17, and the photographs are taken so that the divided areas overlap, resulting in seamless data. This is because the data should be combined so that the same identification marker 17 overlaps. The combined data obtained in this way is then analyzed to calculate the position of the anchor bolts 150.

[0031] Figure 7 shows a schematic side view relating to the displacement correction. In Figure 7, the anchor bolt 150 is installed diagonally to the second side surface 111b of the beam section 111. Although the incline is exaggerated for clarity, the position of the base center C1 of the base of the anchor bolt 150 and the virtual center C2 when the center of the marker plate 15 is projected onto the beam section 111 differ by a displacement C. This situation is foreseeable, given that the marker plate 15 indicates the center position of the measuring jig 10 attached to the tip of the anchor bolt 150. In particular, such situations can occur on site depending on the skill of the workers.

[0032] The steel support member 200, described later, is fixed in contact with the surface of the beam section 111, so the position of the base center C1 is important. Therefore, when analyzing the connection data to calculate the position of the anchor bolt 150, the normal vector direction of the marker plate 15 is compared with the plane that can be grasped by the marker plate 15 placed on the surface of the beam section 111, and the base center C1 is calculated. In this way, the position of the anchor bolt 150 on the beam section 111 can be accurately obtained. Note that the software processing for connection, analysis methods, etc., uses existing technologies such as a digital camera 3D measurement system, so the explanation is omitted.

[0033] Figure 8 shows a perspective view of the steel support member 200. The steel support member 200 is formed by welding ribs 201 and the like to a base plate 202. Based on data obtained by measuring the position of the anchor bolts 150, through holes 205 are provided in the base plate 202 of the steel support member 200. The steel support member 200 is manufactured in a factory, including drilling the through holes 205. The steel support member 200 is then transported to the site, and the steel support member 200 is positioned on the second side surface 111b of the beam section 111 so that the anchor bolts 150 pass through the through holes 205 of the steel support member 200. After that, the tips 152 of the anchor bolts 150 and the base plate 202 of the steel support member 200 are welded together. In this way, the steel support member 200 is installed on the beam section 111.

[0034] After the steel support member 200 is fixed to the beam section 111, it is adjusted so that it can support the main girder 121 located above the steel support member 200. In this way, the main girder 121 is supported by the steel support member 200. In other words, the main girder 121 is fixed to the beam section 111 by the steel support member 200. This makes it possible to replace the bearings 125 of the bridge 100. In this way, it becomes possible to repair the bridge 100.

[0035] Furthermore, when reinforcing the bridge 100, the main girder 121 is fixed to the beam section 111 by the steel support member 200. After this, for example, when replacing the bearing 125, repairing the concrete around the bearing 125, or reinforcing the bridge girder, the steel support member 200 can be used as a reinforcing member by leaving it fixed as part of the bridge 100.

[0036] The measuring jig 10 of the first embodiment, having the above configuration, exhibits the following functions and effects.

[0037] First, since the inner surface 11c of the insertion hole S of the measuring jig 10 is smoothly formed, such an insertion hole S can be fitted to the aforementioned anchor bolt 150, which has a smoothly formed tip and no male threads, as well as to an anchor bolt that differs from the anchor bolt 150 and has a notch such as a female thread formed at its tip, making the measuring jig 10 highly versatile. Moreover, whether the insertion hole S is fitted to an anchor bolt 150 with a smoothly formed tip 152 or to an anchor bolt with a notch formed at its tip, it can be fitted smoothly without causing any snagging at the tip.

[0038] Furthermore, the magnetic sheet 20, which has an anti-rotation function, reliably prevents the main body 11 of the measuring jig 10, which is fitted onto the anchor bolt 150, from rotating in the circumferential direction of axis Y.

[0039] The embodiments of the measuring jig according to the present invention have been described above, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and various modifications are possible without departing from its spirit. For example, in the first embodiment, the insertion hole S (fitting recess) was drilled in a cylindrical shape with the axis X as the central axis, but it may also be a fitting recess drilled in a polygonal prism shape. In other words, in the first embodiment, the fitting recess had a circular cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the axis, but it may also be a fitting recess with a polygonal cross-sectional shape. Also, in the first embodiment, the insertion hole S (fitting recess) had a cylindrical inner surface 11c, but it may also be a fitting recess with a so-called "tapered" inner surface. In other words, in the first embodiment, the fitting recesses had the same inner diameter as circles with the same cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the axis, but the fitting recesses may have smaller inner diameters as the cross-sectional shape approaches the perpendicular surface. Furthermore, in the first embodiment, the outer diameter of the tip side surface of the tip portion 152 of the anchor bolt 150 was set to 45 mm, and the inner diameter of the inner surface 11c of the insertion hole S (fitting recess) of the measuring jig 10 was set to a larger 46 mm. However, as long as the fitting recess of the measuring jig and the anchor bolt can fit together, it is sufficient, and it is not prevented to use, for example, a different outer diameter or a different inner diameter. Also, in the first embodiment, the measuring jig 10 was disc-shaped with axis X at its center, but for example, it could be cylindrical with axis at its center.

[0040] Furthermore, in the first embodiment, the magnetic sheet 20 was used as the "anti-rotation member" according to the present invention (which has the function of preventing the main body fitted to the anchor bolt in the fitting recess from rotating in the circumferential direction of the axis), but other materials such as adhesive tape or hook-and-loop fasteners may also be used as the "anti-rotation member". Also, the main body of the measuring jig may not have an "anti-rotation member" installed. In addition, in the first embodiment, the anchor bolt 150 had a smooth tip portion 152, but any anchor bolt with a notch such as a female or male thread at the tip may be used as long as it can be fitted into the fitting recess of the measuring jig. Furthermore, there is no prerequisite for using materials other than aluminum for the measuring jig 10, such as steel or resin. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0041] 10… Measuring fixtures 11...Main unit (main body) 11a...First surface (orthogonal surface) 11c…Inner surface 15… Marker Plate 16a...Center detection mark 20…Magnetic sheet (anti-rotation component) 150... Anchor bolts 152...Tip S... Through hole (fitting recess) Y...axis

Claims

1. In a measuring jig used to investigate the position and inclination of anchor bolts installed on a bridge pier or abutment when repairing and reinforcing a bridge having a concrete pier or abutment, It comprises a main unit and a marker plate having a center detection mark, The aforementioned main body is A fitting recess that fits into the tip of the aforementioned anchor bolt, The anchor bolt has a perpendicular surface formed on the opposite side of the fitting recess along the axis, in a manner perpendicular to the axis of the anchor bolt. The marker plate is installed on the orthogonal surface, A measuring jig characterized in that the inner surface of the fitting recess is smoothly formed.

2. A measuring jig according to claim 1, The cross-sectional shape of the fitting recess perpendicular to the axis is circular. A measuring jig characterized in that the main body, which is fitted onto the anchor bolt in the fitting recess, has a rotation prevention member installed on the main body to prevent it from rotating in the circumferential direction of the shaft.

3. A measuring jig according to claim 2, The aforementioned anchor bolt is made of metal. The aforementioned anti-rotation member is made of a magnetic sheet. A measuring jig characterized in that the magnetic sheet is attached to the bottom surface of the fitting recess.

Images