Ceiling structure, and ceiling / exterior structure

Abstract

This invention provides a ceiling structure and a ceiling / exterior structure that use ceiling support brackets that are attached from above without welding to structural steel (beams, purlins, etc.) used as the framework of a roof. [Solution] The ceiling structure of the present invention is characterized in that a ceiling support bracket 1 having a mounting portion 13 of a predetermined width is attached to a structural steel H having flanges h1, h3 extending outward at both ends, a ceiling material 5 having a mounting receiving portion 53 that can be fitted into the ceiling support bracket 1 at one side end of a face plate portion 51 and a mounting overlapping portion 54 that can be fitted into the mounting receiving portion 53 at the other side end, and the mounting receiving portion 53 and mounting overlapping portion 54 of the ceiling material 5 are fitted in an overlapping manner to each ceiling support bracket 1, 1 attached to the structural steel H at predetermined intervals.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a ceiling structure using a ceiling support fitting that is attached to a steel section (beam, roof purlin) used as a roof framework or the like from above without welding, and a ceiling and exterior structure.

Background Art

[0002] As various steel-frame building structures, there are many known structures in which a plurality of roof purlins made of C-shaped steel are fixed in parallel in the eaves-ridge direction on H-shaped steel or the like arranged with a gradient, and a roof base material is laid and attached on the upper part of these roof purlins.

[0003] The present applicant also proposed a wall structure of a building shown in Patent Document 1 as a structure for giving heat insulation to the roof surface of a building or enhancing the designability of the roof back surface (ceiling surface). However, since the wall structure described in this Patent Document 1 constructs a wall surface by installing wall materials such as a ceiling material on a steel section (structural material), it was a configuration adopted before roof construction.

[0004] On the other hand, Patent Documents 2 and 3 describe a structure (method) for constructing a wall surface such as a ceiling in which a ceiling material is arranged on a steel frame such as H-shaped steel or C-shaped steel via a support material or the like.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0005]

Patent Document 1

Patent Document 2

Patent Document 3

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0006] However, in the aforementioned references 1-3, the steel structural members of the buildings were often not spaced evenly due to construction errors, etc., which made it difficult for ceiling materials to be stably supported and created a risk of them falling off. To avoid such falling off, it was necessary to prepare ceiling materials that matched the spacing each time, which was time-consuming.

[0007] Therefore, the present invention aims to propose a ceiling structure and a ceiling / exterior structure that use ceiling support fittings that are attached from above without welding to structural steel (beams, purlins, etc.) used as the framework of a roof. [Means for solving the problem]

[0008] The present invention, proposed in view of the above, relates to a ceiling structure characterized in that a ceiling support fitting having a mounting portion of a predetermined width is attached to a structural steel (beam, roof purlin) having flanges extending outward at both ends, a ceiling material having a mounting receiving portion on one side end of the face plate portion that can be fitted into the ceiling support fitting, and a mounting overlapping portion on the other side end that can be fitted into the mounting receiving portion, and the mounting receiving portion and the mounting overlapping portion of the ceiling material are fitted in an overlapping manner to each of the ceiling support fittings attached to the structural steel at predetermined intervals.

[0009] Furthermore, the present invention also proposes a ceiling structure characterized in that the ceiling material comprises a porous panel portion, and a functional material is disposed on the upper surface of the porous panel portion. Furthermore, in the ceiling structure, it is desirable that the structural steel be provided with either an upper flange, a lower flange, or both. Furthermore, in the ceiling structure, it is desirable that the ceiling support fittings be arranged in a covering manner on the upper flange of the structural steel.

[0010] Furthermore, the present invention also proposes a ceiling and exterior structure in which an exterior material is arranged above the ceiling structure, wherein the ceiling material is attached by ceiling support fittings fixed to the structural steel at predetermined intervals, and the exterior structure is attached to support members fixed to the structural steel at predetermined intervals. [Effects of the Invention]

[0011] The ceiling structure of the present invention can be attached from above to structural steel (beams, purlins, etc.) used as the framework of the roof without welding, and various ceiling materials can be attached to its upper surface. Therefore, there is no need to carry various welding tools to the roof side, nor is there any need for the strength required, nor is there any need for huge equipment such as scaffolding to be assembled on the interior side for construction from below, and the construction itself can be made easy. Furthermore, the ceiling mounting bracket used in this ceiling structure is a member having a mounting portion of a predetermined width, and as long as it is attached without welding to a structural steel with flanges extending outward at both ends, its specific configuration is not limited, and as long as it is a structure that can be attached from above, installation work can be easily performed from the roof side. Moreover, the mounting method is not particularly limited to various mounting methods other than welding, such as locking, fitting, clamping, or resting, and may also be a combination of multiple members.

[0012] Furthermore, if the ceiling material includes a porous panel section and a functional material is placed on the upper surface of the porous panel section, the ceiling material can be formed using the porous panel section as a perforated metal section, which is lightweight itself and reduces the weight acting on the structural steel. Moreover, since the ceiling surface formed by this porous panel section allows for free airflow, the sound absorption and heat insulation effects of the functional material are fully realized. Furthermore, if the aforementioned structural steel is equipped with either an upper flange, a lower flange, or both, then, for example, H-shaped steel or T-shaped steel can be used as appropriate. Furthermore, if the ceiling mounting bracket is positioned to cover the upper flange of the structural steel, it can be easily installed by placing it over the upper flange from above.

[0013] Furthermore, in the ceiling and exterior structure of the present invention, the ceiling material is attached to the ceiling support fittings fixed at predetermined intervals on the structural steel, and the exterior structure is attached to the support members fixed at predetermined intervals on the structural steel. Thus, the exterior structure is formed on the upper side of the structural steel and the ceiling structure is formed on the lower side of the structural steel. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0014] [Figure 1] (a) A cross-sectional view showing the ceiling structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention, and (b) a side cross-sectional view thereof. [Figure 2] (a) A front cross-sectional view showing the construction procedure of the ceiling structure of Example 1, with the ceiling support brackets attached to the structural steel; (b) A side cross-sectional view thereof; (c) A front cross-sectional view showing the state of attaching the ceiling material to the attached ceiling support brackets; (d) A side cross-sectional view thereof; (e) A front cross-sectional view showing the state of attaching the spacing ceiling material to the attached ceiling material; (f) A side cross-sectional view thereof; (g) A front cross-sectional view showing the state of attaching the insulation material to the attached ceiling material; (h) A side cross-sectional view thereof; (i) A front cross-sectional view showing the state with the insulation material attached; (j) A side cross-sectional view thereof. [Figure 3] (a) A perspective view from the back of the ceiling structure of Example 1, showing the ceiling material facing one side of the structural steel and ceiling support brackets during construction; (b) A perspective view from the back of the ceiling material attached to one side of the structural steel and ceiling support brackets, with the ceiling material facing the other side; (c) A perspective view from the back of the extension decorative material placed on the back side of the structural steel; (d) A perspective view from the back of the ceiling material with the extension decorative material attached between the ceiling materials. [Figure 4] (a) A cross-sectional view showing the ceiling structure of Embodiment 2 of the present invention, and (b) a side cross-sectional view thereof. [Figure 5](a) Cross-sectional front view showing the construction procedure of the ceiling structure of Example 2, showing the state of attaching the ceiling support fitting to the steel section, (b) its side-sectional view, (c) cross-sectional front view showing the state of attaching the ceiling material to the attached ceiling support fitting, (d) its side-sectional view, (e) cross-sectional front view showing the state of facing the heat insulation material to the attached ceiling material, (f) its side-sectional view, (g) cross-sectional front view showing the state of attaching the heat insulation material to the attached ceiling material, (h) its side-sectional view. [Figure 6] (a) Perspective view looking up from the back side showing the state of facing the ceiling material to one side of the steel section and the ceiling support fitting during the construction of the ceiling structure of Example 2, (b) perspective view looking up from the back side showing the state of attaching the ceiling material to one side and the other side of the steel section and the ceiling support fitting. [Figure 7] (a) Cross-sectional front view showing the ceiling structure of Example 3 of the present invention, (b) its side-sectional view. [Figure 8] (a) Cross-sectional front view showing the construction procedure of the ceiling structure of Example 3, showing the state of attaching the ceiling support fitting to the steel section, (b) its side-sectional view, (c) cross-sectional front view showing the state of attaching the ceiling material to the attached ceiling support fitting, (d) its side-sectional view, (e) cross-sectional front view showing the state of attaching the heat insulation material to the attached ceiling material, (f) its side-sectional view, (g) cross-sectional front view showing the state where the heat insulation material is attached, (h) its side-sectional view. [Figure 9] Perspective view looking up from the back side showing the state of facing the ceiling material to one side of the steel section and the ceiling support fitting during the construction of the ceiling structure of Example 3, (b) perspective view looking up from the back side showing the state of attaching the ceiling material to one side of the steel section and the ceiling support fitting and facing the ceiling material to the other side. [Figure 10] (a) Cross-sectional front view showing the ceiling structure of Example 4 of the present invention, (b) its side-sectional view. [Figure 11] (a) Cross-sectional front view showing the construction procedure of the ceiling structure of Example 4, showing the state of attaching the ceiling support fitting to the steel section, (b) its side-sectional view, (c) cross-sectional front view showing the state of attaching the ceiling material to the attached ceiling support fitting, (d) its side-sectional view, (e) cross-sectional front view showing the state of attaching the heat insulation material to the attached ceiling material, (f) its side-sectional view, (g) cross-sectional front view showing the state where the heat insulation material is attached, (h) its side-sectional view. [Figure 12] (a) Perspective view showing the ceiling support fitting used in Example 5, (b) front view of the steel section, (c) perspective view showing the state where the ceiling material is attached to the extended portion on the right side of the ceiling support fitting attached to the steel section, (d) plan view and front view of the inner fitting used, and (e) perspective view showing the state where the ceiling material is attached to the attachment portion on the right side of the ceiling support fitting attached to the steel section and the ceiling material is attached to the attachment portion on the left side.

Embodiment for Carrying out the Invention

[0015] The ceiling structure of the present invention is such that a ceiling support fitting having an attachment portion of a predetermined width is attached to a steel section (beam, roof purlin) having flanges whose both side ends extend outward, and to the attachment portion of the ceiling support fitting, a ceiling material is attached which has an attachment receiving portion that can be fitted to the ceiling support fitting at one side end of the panel portion and an attachment overlapping portion that can be fitted to the attachment receiving portion at the other side end, and the attachment receiving portion and the attachment overlapping portion of the ceiling material are fitted in an overlapping manner to each of the ceiling support fittings attached to the steel section at a predetermined interval.

[0016] The ceiling support fitting used in the present invention is a member having an attachment portion of a predetermined width, and as long as it has a structure that can be attached to a steel section having flanges whose both side ends extend outward without welding, its specific configuration is not limited. As long as it has a structure that can be attached from above, the attachment work can be easily performed from the roof side. Regarding its attachment mode, it is not particularly limited to various attachments other than welding, such as locking, fitting, clamping, and placing states, and a combination of multiple members may also be used. Note that the steel section to which this ceiling support fitting is attached has flanges whose both side ends extend outward, and it may be an H-shaped steel or a T-shaped steel as in the illustrated embodiment described later. The portion to which the ceiling support fitting is attached may also be an upper flange extending outward from the upper end of the vertical web or a lower flange extending outward from the lower end of the vertical web.

[0017] For example, in embodiments 1, 3, and 4 described later, when the ceiling mounting bracket is positioned on the upper flange of a structural steel, it can be attached by covering it with a ceiling mounting bracket that is assembled in a roughly hat-shaped cross section. In this embodiment, the ceiling material can be attached to the horizontal piece (mounting part) that extends outward from the lower end of the two vertical side pieces. For example, as shown in Embodiment 2 described later, in the configuration where it is positioned on the lower flange of a structural steel, a ceiling support bracket of a predetermined length can be mounted on the lower flange. In this configuration, ceiling material can be attached to the portion extending from the lower flange (mounting portion). For example, as in Embodiment 5 described later, the configuration may consist of a pair of left and right inner fittings arranged to sandwich both ends of the upper flange of the structural steel from above and below, an outer fitting arranged to cover the inner fittings, and a fastener assembled to pass through both fittings with the outer fitting covering the inner fittings. In this configuration, the outer fitting is integrally attached to the upper flange of the structural steel, and ceiling material can be attached to its edge (= mounting portion).

[0018] The ceiling material to be attached to the mounting portion of the ceiling mounting bracket comprises a panel portion that forms the ceiling surface, with a mounting receiving portion on one side end of the panel portion that can be fitted into the extended portion, and a mounting overlapping portion on the other side end that can be fitted into the mounting receiving portion. It is also possible to alternate between using ceiling materials with mounting receiving portions on both ends of the panel portion and ceiling materials with mounting overlapping portions on both ends of the panel portion, but this requires preparing two types of ceiling materials, and also requires the effort of managing them to avoid mistakes.

[0019] This panel section has dimensions corresponding to the spacing between adjacent ceiling mounting brackets, and may be flat or perforated (punched) as shown in the illustrated embodiment described later. Board-shaped or irregularly shaped insulation material may also be placed on its upper surface. The mounting support portion and mounting overlap portion formed at the side edge of this panel portion have upward-rising side portions, as shown in the illustrated embodiment described later. Therefore, insulating material or the like can be fitted between the left and right side portions. Furthermore, although the mounting receiver is formed in a roughly inverted J shape in the illustrated embodiment described later, its shape is not particularly limited as long as it can be fitted onto the mounting portion of the ceiling bracket from above. The same applies to the mounting overlap portion that can be fitted onto it; the mounting receiver is formed to be larger than the mounting portion of the ceiling bracket, and the mounting overlap portion is formed to be even larger.

[0020] These ceiling materials and ceiling mounting brackets can be attached from above to structural steel (beams, purlins, etc.) used as the roof framework without welding, and various types of ceiling materials can be attached to the mounting points in a suspended manner. Furthermore, since the ceiling structure is formed by fitting the mounting receiving portion and the mounting portion of the ceiling material into the mounting portion of each of the ceiling support brackets, the ceiling material can be installed without any gaps.

[0021] Furthermore, in the ceiling and exterior structure using the ceiling structure, the ceiling material is attached in a suspended manner by the ceiling support fittings fixed to the structural steel at predetermined intervals, and the exterior structure is attached to support members fixed to the structural steel at predetermined intervals. Therefore, the ceiling structure is located on the lower side (indoor side) of the structural steel, and the exterior structure is attached to the upper side of the structural steel. As a result, both the ceiling structure and the exterior structure can be easily constructed from above the structural steel.

[0022] Furthermore, regarding the exterior structure formed on the upper side of the structural steel, there are no particular limitations on the configuration of its support members, exterior materials, etc., as long as it can be constructed from above the structural steel. In the illustrated embodiment described later, a structure in which the mounting bracket is fixed to the structural steel in the same way as the ceiling support bracket, thereby firmly fixing the tight frame in an upright position, and a support bracket capable of holding exterior materials and cap materials is fixed to its upper end, is desirable because it allows for easy construction from above the structural steel, similar to the ceiling structure, but it is not limited to this. [Examples]

[0023] The ceiling structure (ceiling and exterior structure) of Embodiment 1 of the present invention shown in Figures 1(a) and 1(b) is configured such that a ceiling support bracket 1 having a mounting portion 13 of a predetermined width is attached to a structural steel H having flanges h1 and h3 extending outward at both ends, a ceiling support bracket 1 having a mounting portion 13 of a predetermined width is attached to the mounting portion 13, a ceiling material 5 having a mounting receiving portion 53 that can be fitted to one side end of a face plate portion 51 and a mounting overlapping portion 54 that can be fitted to the mounting receiving portion 53 at the other side end, and the mounting receiving portion 53 and mounting overlapping portion 54 of the ceiling material 5 are fitted in an overlapping manner to each ceiling support bracket 1, 1 attached to the structural steel H at predetermined intervals. Figures 2(a) to 2(j) show some of the construction procedures for this ceiling structure.

[0024] The ceiling mounting bracket 1 in this embodiment 1 is a molded material (main body 1A) that is attached to the upper flange h1 of the structural steel H, as shown in Figures 2(a) and (b). It is a molded material with a roughly hat-shaped cross-section, comprising a roughly horizontal upper piece 11, two vertical side pieces 12, 12 hanging down from the edge of the upper piece 11, and horizontal pieces (mounting parts) 13, 13 extending outward from the lower end of each side piece 12. The ceiling material 5 can be attached to each of the mounting parts 13. Each of these pieces 11 to 13 is formed from a U-shaped material with an open inner side. The main body 1A is fixed with bolts and nuts 1c to mounting holes provided near both ends of the upper flange h1 of the structural steel H using a roughly Z-shaped mounting member 1b. As shown in Figure 2(b), the mounting member 1b is fixed with bolts and nuts 1c with its upper side piece aligned with the back surface of the upper piece 11 and its lower side piece engaged with the side end of the upper flange h1. Note that the mounting member 1b and bolts and nuts 1c are omitted from Figure 2(a).

[0025] The structural steel H is an H-beam (H-shaped steel) with upper flanges h1 extending outward at both ends, as shown in Figures 2(a) and (b), where the reference numeral h2 denotes a web extending in the vertical direction, and the reference numeral h3 denotes a lower flange facing the upper flange h1.

[0026] As shown in Figures 2(a) and (b), the ceiling material 5 has a substantially flat perforated metal panel section 51, with upright side sections 52, 52 formed on both ends, and an outward-facing horizontal mounting receiving section 53 and a mounting overlapping section 54 formed on the upper end of each side section 52. As shown in Figures 2(c) and (d), the ceiling material 5 is attached to the mounting portion 13 of the ceiling support bracket 1 by attaching the mounting receiving portion 53 at one end of the ceiling material 5, and the mounting overlapping portion 54 at the other end is fitted into the mounting receiving portion 53, and then secured with fasteners 5b as shown in Figures 2(e) and (f).

[0027] Furthermore, the ceiling structures shown in Figures 1(a) and 1(b) illustrate an example where the ceiling surface is continuous and the functional layer is formed without gaps by using extension decorative material 5E. In this embodiment 1, an exterior structure is constructed in which the mountain-shaped portion of the exterior material 9, which is a vertically laid exterior material, is supported by support members 7 including tight frames 7A and receiving brackets 7B. The extension decorative material 5E used in this embodiment 1 has a trough-shaped cross-section in which both edges of a flat face plate are raised, and the back side of the functional material 5D is fitted and covered by the extension decorative material 5E, so that the side edge of the ceiling material 5 faces the web h2 of the structural steel H in close proximity with the extension decorative material 5E, and the side edge of the functional material 5D placed on top of it also faces the web h2 of the structural steel H in close proximity.

[0028] Using Figures 2(a) to 2(j) above, the construction method (construction procedure) for a part of the ceiling structure will be explained below. In this construction method, the process of attaching the ceiling support bracket 1 to the structural steel H is as shown by the white arrows in Figures 2(a) and (b), by positioning the main body 1A above the upper flange h1 of the structural steel H and fixing it with bolts and nuts 1c using a roughly Z-shaped mounting member 1b. Before tightening the bolts and nuts 1c, the mounting member 1b is loosely attached to the upper flange h1 so as to be rotatable, as shown in the figure. When the bolts and nuts 1c are tightened, the upper side of the mounting member 1b conforms closely to the back surface of the upper piece 11, and the lower side is attached in an engaging manner to the side end of the upper flange h1.

[0029] Next, as shown by the white arrows in Figures 2(c) and (d), the mounting receiving portion 53 at one side end of the ceiling material 5 is attached to the mounting portion 13 of the ceiling mounting bracket 1, and the mounting overlapping portion 54 at the other side end is fitted into the mounting receiving portion 53. Subsequently, as shown by the white arrows in Figures 2(e) and (f), the extension decorative material 5E is fitted onto the face panel portion 51 of the ceiling material 5. This extension decorative material 5E serves to conceal the structural steel H from the back side, as shown in Figure 3(c), a perspective view looking up from the back side.

[0030] Subsequently, as shown by the white arrows in Figures 2(g) and (h), the functional material 5D is placed on the panel portion 51 of the ceiling material 5. While the functional material 5D uses a material with sound-absorbing and heat-insulating properties, it may also be a rigid heat-insulating material such as wood-based cement board; various types of functional materials can be used. As shown in Figures 2(i) and 2(j), the functional material 5D is sandwiched (i.e., fitted) between the side portions 52, 52 of the ceiling material 5, and is therefore installed stably.

[0031] Figures 3(a) to 3(d) show a view of part of the construction procedure from the back side (indoor side). Figure (a) shows the state in which the ceiling support bracket 1 is attached to the structural steel H as shown in Figures 2(a) to (d), with the ceiling material 5 facing one side. Figure (b) also shows a state in which the ceiling material 5 is attached to one side of the ceiling mounting bracket 1, and the ceiling material 5 is also facing the other side. Furthermore, Figure (c) shows the state in which the extension decorative material 5E faces the face panel portion 51 of the ceiling material 5 installed in Figures 2(e) and (f). Furthermore, Figure (d) shows the state in which the extension decorative material 5E is fitted into the ceiling material 5 in Figures 2(g) and (h). In this state, the face panels 51 of each ceiling material 5 form a continuous ceiling surface.

[0032] Thus, in the ceiling structure (ceiling and exterior structure) of Example 1, the ceiling support bracket 1 can be attached to the structural steel H used as the roof framework from above without welding, and the ceiling material 5 and functional material 5D can be easily attached to the upper surface. Therefore, there is no need to carry various welding tools to the roof side, nor is there any need for the strength required, nor is there any need for huge equipment such as scaffolding to be assembled on the interior side for construction from below, and the construction itself can be carried out simply.

[0033] Furthermore, in the ceiling structure of Example 1, since the face panel portion 51 of the ceiling material 5 is a perforated metal portion (porous face panel portion), it is lightweight itself, which reduces the weight acting on the structural steel H. For example, since a sound-absorbing material is used as functional material 5D, indoor noise can be reduced. In addition, since a heat-insulating material is used, the interior below the ceiling surface can be kept warm, protecting against high or low temperatures from the exterior structure.

[0034] Furthermore, in this embodiment 1, the ceiling structure has a flush surface between the face panel portion 51 of the ceiling material 5 and the extension decorative material 5E, so when viewed from the inside of the room, it can form a beautiful ceiling surface. [Examples]

[0035] In the ceiling structure (ceiling and exterior structure) of Embodiment 2 shown in Figures 4(a) and (b), a U-shaped ceiling support bracket 1II with a mounting portion 13ii is attached to a structural steel H, which is an H-shaped steel (H-beam) having flanges h1 and h3 extending outward at both ends. A ceiling material 5 similar to that of Embodiment 1 is attached to the mounting portion 13ii, and the mounting receiving portion 53 and mounting overlapping portion 54 of the ceiling material 5 are fitted in an overlapping manner to the respective ceiling support brackets 1II, 1II attached at predetermined intervals to the structural steel H (lower flange h3). Figures 5(a) to 5(h) show some of the construction procedures for this ceiling structure.

[0036] The ceiling mounting bracket 1II in this embodiment 2 is a molded material with a roughly vertical cross-section that is mounted on the lower flange h3 of the structural steel H as shown in Figures 5(a) and (b). It consists of a roughly horizontal upper piece 14, a vertical side piece 15 hanging down from the edge of the upper piece 14, and a horizontal piece 16 extending roughly horizontally from the lower end of the side piece 15. Its side end (upper piece 14) is the mounting portion 13ii, and the ceiling material 5 can be attached to it. The ceiling mounting bracket 1II is installed so as to be placed on the lower flange h3 in close proximity to the web h2, as shown by the white arrow in Figure 5(b). It is desirable to temporarily secure the back surface of the horizontal piece 16 using double-sided tape or the like.

[0037] Using Figures 5(a) to 5(h) above, the construction method (construction procedure) for a part of the ceiling structure will be explained below. In this construction method, the process of attaching the ceiling support bracket 1II to the structural steel H is as shown by the white arrows in Figures 5(a) and (b), by attaching it to the lower flange h3 of the structural steel H so that it is placed on the lower flange h3 in close proximity to the web h2. In other words, in this embodiment 2, an extension decorative material 5E is not used as in embodiment 1, but as described above, the ceiling mounting bracket 1II is attached close to the web h2, so the portion of the ceiling mounting bracket 1II that extends from the lower flange h3 becomes the mounting portion 13ii, and the ceiling material 5 is attached to this mounting portion 13ii.

[0038] Next, as shown by the white arrows in Figures 5(c) and 5(d), the mounting receiving portion 53 at one side end of the ceiling material 5 is attached to the mounting portion 13ii of the ceiling mounting bracket 1II, and the mounting overlapping portion 54 at the other side end is fitted into the mounting receiving portion 53. Subsequently, as shown by the white arrows in Figures 5(e) and (f), the functional material 5D is placed on the panel portion 51 of the ceiling material 5. As shown in Figures 5(g) and 5(h), the functional material 5D is sandwiched (i.e., fitted) between the side portions 52, 52 of the ceiling material 5, and is therefore installed stably.

[0039] Figures 6(a) and 6(b) show a view of part of the construction procedure from the back side (indoor side). Figure (a) shows the state in which the ceiling support bracket 1 is attached to the structural steel H in Figures 5(a) and (b), with the ceiling material 5 facing one side. Furthermore, Figure (b) shows that ceiling materials 5 are attached to one side and the other side of the ceiling mounting bracket 1, respectively, forming a ceiling surface where the face panels 51 of each ceiling material 5 are connected in a single plane.

[0040] Thus, the ceiling structure of Example 2 allows the ceiling support bracket 1II to be attached to the structural steel H used as the roof framework from above without welding, and the ceiling material 5 and functional material 5D can be easily attached to the upper surface. Therefore, there is no need to carry various welding tools to the roof side, nor is there any need for large-scale equipment such as scaffolding to be assembled on the interior side for construction from below, and the construction itself can be carried out simply. Furthermore, in the ceiling structure of Example 2, since the face panel portion 51 of the ceiling material 5 is made of perforated metal, it is lightweight itself, which reduces the weight acting on the structural steel H.

[0041] In this embodiment 2, the lower flange h3 of the structural steel H is exposed on the ceiling surface together with the ceiling material 5. However, for example, lighting fixtures (not shown) may be used as mounting points for the lower flange h3. [Examples]

[0042] In the ceiling structure (ceiling and exterior structure) of Embodiment 3 of the present invention shown in Figures 7(a) and (b), a ceiling support bracket 1III having a mounting portion 13iii of a predetermined width is attached to a structural steel H having flanges h1 and h3 that extend outward at both ends. A ceiling material 5 similar to that of Embodiments 1 and 2 is attached to the mounting portion 13iii, and the mounting receiving portion 53 and mounting overlapping portion 54 of the ceiling material 5 are fitted in an overlapping manner to the respective ceiling support brackets 1III, 1III attached to the structural steel H at predetermined intervals. Figures 8(a) to 8(j) show some of the construction procedures for this ceiling structure.

[0043] The ceiling mounting bracket 1III in this embodiment 3 is a molded body with a roughly hat-shaped cross-section, with the height of the ceiling mounting bracket 1 in embodiment 1 adjusted to be lower. As shown in Figures 8(a) and 8(b), it is a molded material (main body 1A') that is attached by covering the upper flange h1 of the structural steel H. It comprises a roughly horizontal upper piece 17, two vertical side pieces 18, 18 hanging down from the edge of the upper piece 17, and a horizontal piece 19 extending outward from the lower end of each side piece 18. The edge of the horizontal piece 19 is the mounting portion 13iii, and the ceiling material 5 can be attached thereto. Each of these pieces 17 to 19 is formed from a U-shaped material with an open inner side. Therefore, this main body 1A' is fixed with bolts and nuts 1c to mounting holes provided near both ends of the upper flange h1 of the structural steel H, using a roughly Z-shaped mounting member 1b, similar to the ceiling mounting bracket 1 of Embodiment 1. Note that this mounting member 1b and bolts and nuts 1c are omitted from the description in Figure 8(a).

[0044] Using Figures 8(a) to 8(h) above, the construction method (construction procedure) for a part of the ceiling structure will be explained below. As mentioned above, the ceiling support bracket 1III in this embodiment 3 is simply a modified version of the ceiling support bracket 1 in embodiment 1 with a lower height, so it can be constructed using almost the same procedure as in embodiment 1. In this construction method, the process of attaching the ceiling support bracket 1III to the structural steel H is as shown by the white arrows in Figures 8(a) and (b). The main body 1A' is positioned above the upper flange h1 of the structural steel H, and it is fixed with bolts and nuts 1c using a roughly Z-shaped mounting member 1b. This mounting and fixing is the same as in the above-described embodiment 1, so no further explanation is given.

[0045] Next, as shown by the white arrows in Figures 8(c) and 8(d), the mounting receiving portion 53 at one side end of the ceiling material 5 is attached to the mounting portion 13iii of the ceiling mounting bracket 1III, and the mounting overlapping portion 54 at the other side end is fitted into the mounting receiving portion 53. In this embodiment 3, the mounting portion 13iii of the ceiling mounting bracket 1III is formed on a horizontal piece 19 that extends outward from the lower end of the side piece 18, which has a lower height dimension, so the ceiling material 5 is mounted higher than in embodiment 1. For this reason, the face plate portion 51 of the ceiling material 5 is arranged to be almost flush with the lower flange h3 of the structural steel H. Subsequently, the functional material 5D is fitted onto the panel portion 51 of the ceiling material 5, as shown by the white arrows in Figures 8(e) and (f). As shown in Figures 8(g) and 8(h), the functional material 5D is sandwiched between the side portions 52, 52 of the ceiling material 5 (i.e., fitted into place), and is therefore installed stably.

[0046] Figures 9(a) and 9(b) show a view of part of the construction procedure from the back side (indoor side). Figure (a) shows the state in which the ceiling support bracket 1III is attached to the structural steel H in Figure 8(a), with the ceiling material 5 facing one side. Furthermore, Figure (b) shows the state in which the ceiling material 5 is attached to one side and the other side of the ceiling mounting bracket 1III. In this state, the face panels 51 of each ceiling material 5 form a continuous ceiling surface.

[0047] Thus, the ceiling structure of Example 3 allows the ceiling support bracket 1III to be attached to the structural steel H used as the roof framework from above without welding, and the ceiling material 5 and functional material 5D can be easily attached to the upper surface thereof. Therefore, there is no need to carry various welding tools to the roof side, nor is there any need for the strength required, nor is there any need for huge equipment such as scaffolding to be assembled on the interior side for construction from below, and the construction itself can be carried out simply. Furthermore, in the ceiling structure of Example 3, since the face panel portion 51 of the ceiling material 5 is made of perforated metal, it is lightweight itself, which reduces the weight acting on the structural steel H. [Examples]

[0048] In the ceiling structure (ceiling and exterior structure) of Embodiment 4 of the present invention shown in Figures 10(a) and (b), a ceiling support bracket 1IV having a mounting portion 13iv of a predetermined width is attached to a structural steel H having flanges h1 and h3 that extend outward at both ends. A ceiling material 5 similar to that of Embodiments 1 to 3 is attached to the mounting portion 13iv, and the mounting receiving portion 53 and mounting overlapping portion 54 of the ceiling material 5 are fitted in an overlapping manner to the respective ceiling support brackets 1IV, 1IV attached to the structural steel H at predetermined intervals. Figures 11(a) to (h) show some of the construction procedures for this ceiling structure.

[0049] In this embodiment 4, the ceiling and exterior structure also includes an exterior material 9, which is a vertically laid exterior material, similar to embodiments 1 to 3. However, in embodiment 4, it is supported by a support member 7' to which a similar mounting bracket 7B is fixed at the upper end of a low-height tight frame 7A'. Furthermore, a flexible, irregularly shaped functional material 8C is placed on the upper surface of the standard-shaped functional material 5D.

[0050] The ceiling mounting bracket 1IV in this embodiment 4 is similar in shape to the ceiling mounting bracket 1III in embodiment 3, but is configured to connect symmetrical members with bolts 1d and nuts 1e while they are butted together. This symmetrical member comprises a substantially horizontal upper piece 17', a vertical side piece 18' hanging down from the edge of the upper piece 17', and a horizontal piece 19' extending outward from the lower end of the side piece 18'. As shown by the white arrows in Figures 11(a) and (b), the substantially horizontal upper piece 17' is placed over the upper flange h1 of the structural steel H and then butted together from both sides, allowing it to be attached to the upper flange h1 in a clamping manner. Therefore, the edge of the horizontal piece 19' is the mounting portion 13iv to which the ceiling material 5 can be attached.

[0051] Using Figures 11(a) to (h) above, the construction method (construction procedure) for a part of the ceiling structure will be explained below. As mentioned above, the ceiling support bracket 1IV in this embodiment 4 has a roughly hat-shaped cross-section and is formed to be lower in height, similar to the ceiling support bracket 1III in embodiment 3, so it can be constructed using almost the same procedure as in embodiment 3. In this construction method, the process of attaching the ceiling support bracket 1IV to the structural steel H is as shown by the white arrows in Figures 11(a) and (b). The left and right symmetrical members are attached to the upper flange h1 of the structural steel H from the outside on both sides in a clamping manner, and the vertical pieces provided at the inner ends of the upper pieces 17', 17' are overlapped and connected with bolts 1d and nuts 1e, thereby fixing it to the upper flange h1 in a clamping manner.

[0052] Next, as shown by the white arrows in Figures 11(c) and (d), the mounting receiving portion 53 at one side end of the ceiling material 5 is attached to the mounting portion 13iv of the ceiling mounting bracket 1IV, and the mounting overlapping portion 54 at the other side end is fitted into the mounting receiving portion 53. In this embodiment 4, the mounting portion 13iv of the ceiling mounting bracket 1IV is formed on the horizontal piece 19' that extends outward from the lower end of the side piece 18' which has a lower height dimension, so the ceiling material 5 is mounted higher than in embodiment 1. For this reason, the face plate portion 51 of the ceiling material 5 is arranged to be almost flush with the lower flange h3 of the structural steel H. Subsequently, as shown by the white arrows in Figures 11(e) and (f), the functional material 5D, facing upwards, is fitted into the surface panel 51 of the ceiling material 5. As shown in Figures 11(g) and (h), this functional material 5D is sandwiched (fitted in a fitted manner) between the side surfaces 52, 52 of the ceiling material 5, thus ensuring stable installation. Then, as shown in Figures 11(g) and (h), an irregularly shaped functional material 8C is attached in a laminated manner to the surface of the functional material 5D, with the functional material 8C positioned above the functional material 5D.

[0053] Thus, the ceiling structure of Example 4 allows the ceiling support bracket 1IV to be attached to the structural steel H used as the roof framework from above without welding, and the ceiling material 5 and functional material 5D can be easily attached to the upper surface thereof. Therefore, there is no need to carry various welding tools to the roof side, nor is there any need for the strength required, nor is there any need for huge equipment such as scaffolding to be assembled on the interior side for construction from below, and the construction itself can be carried out simply.

[0054] Furthermore, in this embodiment 4, since a low-height support member 7' (tight frame 7A') is used in the ceiling and exterior structure, the total thickness (overall thickness) of the ceiling and exterior structures combined can be reduced during construction. Furthermore, a flexible, irregularly shaped functional material 8C is placed on the upper surface of the standard-shaped functional material 5D. By forming the functional materials 5D and 8C in a double layer, the same effect may be enhanced or different properties may be imparted. [Examples]

[0055] The ceiling structure of Embodiment 5 of the present invention shown in Figure 12(e) consists of a ceiling support bracket 1V used, which comprises a pair of left and right inner brackets 2,2 arranged to sandwich both ends of the upper flange h1 of the structural steel H from above and below, as shown in Figures 12(a) to (d), an outer bracket 3 arranged to cover the inner brackets 2,2, and a fastener 4 (mounting bolt 41, nut 42) assembled so as to pass through both brackets 2,3 when the outer bracket 3 is arranged to cover the inner brackets 2,2.

[0056] In the state in which the inner fitting 2 is positioned to sandwich both ends of the upper flange h1 of the structural steel H from above and below (sandwiching state), the lower piece 23 located below is positioned along the back surface of the upper flange h1, and the upper piece 21 located above in the sandwiching state is positioned above the upper flange h1. Furthermore, the outer fitting 3 is an inverted U-shaped molded material with an open bottom, consisting of an upper surface portion 31 and side portions 32 (front and rear surfaces), and is arranged to cover the inner fittings 2,2, and has an extended portion (mounting portion 13v) that exceeds the length of the upper flange h1. This outer fitting 3 can be easily attached to the inner fittings 2,2 from above, but the lower end of the side portion 32 is positioned to abut (set) against the surface of the upper flange h1. The upper portion 31 is also provided with a hole through which the mounting bolt 41 of the fastener 4 passes. The fastening device 4 consists of a mounting bolt (upward-facing bolt) 41 that is arranged to pass through the inner fitting 2 and the outer fitting 3, and a nut 42 that is arranged on the upper surface 31 of the outer fitting 3. The mounting bolt 41 may be integrated in an upright position with the upper piece 21 of the inner fitting 2 in advance (=before construction), or the mounting bolt 41 may be attached from the back side of the upper piece 21 of the inner fitting 2 after the inner fitting 2 and the outer fitting 3 have been assembled. Therefore, when the inner fitting 2 and the outer fitting 3 are assembled and the nut 42 is tightened onto the mounting bolt 41, the inner fitting 2 is pulled upward and the outer fitting 3 is pressed downward, so that the lower end of the side portion 32 of the outer fitting 3 is pressed against the surface of the upper flange h1 and the lower piece 23 of the inner fitting 2 is pressed against the back surface of the upper flange h1, allowing them to be attached integrally. Furthermore, since the outer fitting 3 is equipped with mounting portions 13v that are longer than the upper flange h1, ceiling materials 5 can be attached to each mounting portion 13v as shown in Figure (e).

[0057] In the ceiling structure of Example 5, which is constructed in this manner, the ceiling support bracket 1V can be attached to the structural steel H used as the roof framework from above without welding, and the ceiling material 5 and functional material 5D can be easily attached to the upper surface. Therefore, there is no need to carry various welding tools to the roof side, nor is there any need for the strength required, nor is there any need for huge equipment such as scaffolding to be assembled on the interior side for construction from below, and the construction itself can be carried out simply. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0058] 1,1II,1III,1IV,1V Ceiling mounting bracket 1A Main Unit 13, 13ii, 13iii, 13iv, 13v Mounting part 2. Inner hardware 3 Outer metal fittings 4 Fasteners 5 Ceiling materials 5b Fasteners 5D functional materials 5E Extension decorative material 51 Face plate part 52 Side piece 53 Mounting receiver 54 Mounting overlapping section 7A Support Member 7A, 7A' Tight Frame 7B Mounting bracket 8C (Irregularly shaped) insulation 9. Exterior materials H-shaped steel h1 Upper flange h2 web h3 Lower flange

Claims

1. A ceiling mounting bracket having a mounting portion of a predetermined width is attached to a structural steel section that has flanges extending outward at both ends. A ceiling material is attached to the mounting portion of the ceiling mounting bracket, the mounting portion of which has a mounting receiving portion on one side end of the faceplate portion that can be fitted into the ceiling mounting bracket, and a mounting overlapping portion on the other side end that can be fitted into the mounting receiving portion. A ceiling structure characterized in that the mounting receiving portion and the mounting overlapping portion of the ceiling material are fitted in an overlapping manner to each of the ceiling mounting brackets attached to the structural steel at predetermined intervals.

2. The ceiling structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the ceiling material comprises a porous panel portion, and a functional material is disposed on the upper surface of the porous panel portion.

3. A ceiling and exterior structure in which an exterior material is disposed above the ceiling structure according to claim 1 or 2, A ceiling and exterior structure characterized in that the ceiling material is attached to the ceiling support fittings fixed to the structural steel at predetermined intervals, and the exterior structure is attached to support members fixed to the structural steel at predetermined intervals.

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