Soil compaction roller and method for dry-field direct seeding of crops without irrigation using the same

Abstract

The objective is to provide a dry-field direct-seeding, irrigation-free cultivation method for crops that enables rice cultivation in dry fields, thereby reducing the labor and time required for rice cultivation, as well as a soil compaction roller used in implementing this method. [Solution] The system consists of a main shaft 1 equipped with a coupling means corresponding to the Japanese Agricultural Machinery Manufacturers Association's standard auto hitch for connecting to a tractor, a hollow roller 4 pivotally supported between oscillating arms 2 and 3 attached to both ends of the main shaft 1, and a hammer weight bar 5 positioned loosely inside the hollow roller 4. The hollow roller 4 has one or more ridges 15 at both ends of its inner circumference, and as the hollow roller 4 rotates, the hammer weight bar 5 rolls freely and overcomes the ridges 15, and the impact pressure generated each time it overcomes the ridges reinforces soil compaction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a soil compaction roller used by being connected to an agricultural tractor and a method for dry direct seeding and non-irrigated cultivation of agricultural crops using the same.

[0002] Needless to say, an agricultural tractor can only serve as a tractor by itself, and it can perform agricultural work only when a working machine is connected. Working machines connected to a tractor include a rotary tiller, a plow, a seeder, a ridger, a harvester, etc. By replacing them, operations such as tillage, land preparation, seeding, weeding, pesticide and fertilizer application, harvesting, and transportation can be performed. The soil compaction roller according to the present invention is a kind of working machine, and it is a working machine that compacts the soil of fields, etc. by being connected to a tractor and rolling.

Background Art

[0003] Recently, the problem of a shortage of successors among rice farmers in the United States has been discussed. As a major factor contributing to the shortage of successors, it is mentioned that rice cultivation requires a lot of labor and time, and experience is also necessary. That is, rice cultivation starts from plowing the field and raising seedlings, and after flowing water into the field, rough tilling and finishing tilling, transplanting, herbicide application, mid-season drainage performed several months later, top dressing (post-fertilizer) performed before earring, paddy field control with pesticide application during the heading period, drainage of the paddy field about 30 days after heading, harvesting, drying and preparation, and soil preparation for the next year need to be carried out. Moreover, since each operation requires proficiency, young people tend to avoid it.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0004]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0005] Various agricultural machines have been developed to reduce the burden of the above tasks, aiming to reduce the labor of workers and improve work efficiency, but the process still requires time and effort. In light of this situation, the inventor focused on the fact that much of the above effort is incurred because cultivation takes place in paddy fields, and after conducting research with the idea of ​​whether it would be possible to cultivate rice in dry fields instead of conventional paddy fields, the inventor has completed the present invention.

[0006] In other words, the present invention aims to provide a dry-field direct seeding, no-irrigation cultivation method for crops that can reduce the labor and time required for rice cultivation by enabling rice cultivation in dry fields instead of conventional paddy fields, and a soil compaction roller used in implementing this method. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] The invention described in claim 1, which solves the above problem, is a soil compaction roller used in conjunction with an agricultural tractor, The main shaft is equipped with a coupling means corresponding to the Japanese Agricultural Machinery Manufacturers Association's standard auto hitch for connecting to the aforementioned tractor, A hollow roller is positioned between the swing arms attached to both ends of the main shaft and is pivotally supported by the swing arms, It consists of a hammer weight bar, which is disposed in an unfixed state within the hollow roller and has a length approximately equal to the distance between the end face plates of the hollow roller, The hollow roller is provided with one or more ridges at both ends of its inner circumferential surface, and as the hollow roller rotates, the hammer weight bar rolls freely and overcomes the ridges, and the soil compaction is reinforced by the impact pressure generated each time it overcomes the ridges.

[0008] In one embodiment, the hammer weight bar is a metal rod with resin end caps fitted to both ends, and the end caps move in and out of the ridge. In addition, a hook frame is formed on the main shaft, and a weight for adding weight is detachably attached thereto.

[0009] A scraper is attached to the rocking arm, which is biased to constantly contact the circumferential surface of the hollow roller. A carrier is also detachably attached to the rocking arm to allow the entire structure to float and move.

[0010] The invention described in claim 6, which solves the above problem, is a tilling process in which tilling and soil crushing are performed using a tiller on a dry field that is not filled with water, The process involves a primary compaction step in which the dry field that has been tilled and broken up is compacted using a compaction roller, The sowing process involves direct sowing using a seeding machine in the dry field that has undergone the aforementioned primary compaction, The process includes a secondary compaction step in which the dry field where direct seeding has been performed is compacted again using the compaction roller, This is a method for direct seeding of crops in dry fields without irrigation, characterized in that the primary and secondary compaction processes are accompanied by intermittent vibrations.

[0011] In one embodiment, the soil compaction roller described in any one of claims 1 to 5 is used as the compaction roller. [Effects of the Invention]

[0012] The soil compaction roller according to the present invention is as described above, and has a simple structure in which the hammer weight bar rolls freely as the hollow roller rotates and overcomes the uneven surface, and the impact pressure generated each time it overcomes the surface effectively compacts the soil. Furthermore, the dry-field direct seeding and no-irrigation cultivation method for crops according to the present invention makes it possible to cultivate rice in dry fields instead of conventional paddy fields, thereby reducing the labor and time required for rice cultivation, and also has the effect of being able to be implemented in areas where paddy field cultivation was not possible, such as slopes. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0013] [Figure 1] This is a partially cut front view of one embodiment of a soil compaction roller according to the present invention. [Figure 2] This figure shows the internal structure of a hollow roller in one embodiment of the soil compaction roller according to the present invention. [Figure 3] It is a diagram showing the configuration of a hammer weight bar in an embodiment of a soil compaction roller according to the present invention. [Figure 4] It is a side view of an embodiment of a soil compaction roller according to the present invention. [Figure 5] It is a perspective view showing the weight of an embodiment of a soil compaction roller according to the present invention and its installation state. [Figure 6] It is a perspective view showing a carrier in an embodiment of a soil compaction roller according to the present invention and its attachment state. [Figure 7] It is a side view showing the attachment state of a carrier in an embodiment of a soil compaction roller according to the present invention.

Embodiment for Carrying out the Invention

[0014] The embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The soil compaction roller according to the present invention includes a main shaft 1 having a connecting portion corresponding to the standard auto hitch 50 of Nokogyo for connecting to a tractor, and a metal hollow roller 4 disposed between swing arms 2 and 3 attached to both ends of the main shaft 1 and pivotally supported by the swing arms 2 and 3, and a hammer weight bar 5 disposed in the hollow roller 4 in a non-fixed state. The connecting means corresponding to the standard auto hitch 50 of Nokogyo in the illustrated example is composed of three connecting fittings 7 to 9.

[0015] The hollow roller 4 includes a rotating shaft 14 that is passed between bearings 12 and 13 installed on the outer surfaces of both end plates 10 and 11 thereof and pivotally supported, and the end portions of the rotating shaft 14 protruding from the bearings 12 and 13 are pivotally supported by the swing arms 2 and 3. The hammer weight bar 5 is formed by fitting resin end caps 6 to both ends of a metal bar, and has a length substantially equal to the length between both end plates 10 and 11 of the hollow roller 4, and is disposed in the hollow roller 4 in a non-fixed state.

[0016] In addition, the hollow roller 4 has one or more ridge portions 15 at both ends of its inner peripheral surface (in the example shown in FIGS. 1 to 3(A), there are three at regular angular intervals, and in the example shown in FIG. 3(B), there are six at regular angular intervals). As the hollow roller 4 rotates, the hammer weight bar 5 rolls freely, and its end cap 6 gets over the ridge portion 15. The impact pressure generated each time it gets over contributes to the compaction of the soil.

[0017] On the main shaft 1, hooking frames 16 extending in the longitudinal direction are formed on the left and right thereof, and weights 17 for weight replenishment of the hollow roller 4 are detachably arranged there. For example, the weight 17 is substantially square-shaped, with a handle 18 provided on the upper surface and a hooking groove 19 formed from the lower surface upward (see FIG. 5). This weight 17 can be simply mounted by dropping it with the handle 18 so that the hooking frame 16 enters the hooking groove 19, and can be removed by pulling it up with the handle 18. The number of weights 17 to be mounted is arbitrary, but usually 2 to 5 are mounted on each hooking frame 16.

[0018] A scraper 21 for scraping off the soil on the peripheral surface of the hollow roller 4 is attached between the swing arms 2 and 3. The scraper 21 is formed by attaching a resin scraping member 23 to the lower surface of an angle member 22 extending in the longitudinal direction of the hollow roller 4, and the angle member 22 is installed by being fixed to a vertical angle member 25 whose upper end is pivotally supported by a support member 24 extending from the swing arms 2 and 3 (see FIGS. 4 to 7). Then, the scraping member 23 always contacts the peripheral surface of the hollow roller 4 with appropriate pressure and acts to scrape off the soil adhering to the peripheral surface by the vertical angle member 25 being pulled by a spring 26 spanned between its lower part and the swing arms 2 and 3.

[0019] The soil compaction roller according to the present invention, having the above configuration, can be used by connecting it to any agricultural tractor via three mounting brackets 7 to 9, which are mounting means corresponding to the Japanese Agricultural Machinery Manufacturers Association's standard auto hitch 50. To facilitate the movement of the soil compaction roller when connecting it, a carrier 31 consisting of a horizontal rod 32 and a vertical rod 33 can be attached. The carrier 31 is equipped with a pair of casters 34 on its horizontal rod 32 and a U-shaped locking bracket 35 on its vertical rod 33 for covering and fixing it to the swinging arms 2 and 3 (see Figure 6).

[0020] The locking fitting 35 is equipped with a hook groove 36 corresponding to a projection 38 located on the side of the swinging arms 2 and 3, and a bolt hole 37 corresponding to a bolt hole 39 (see Figures 5 and 6). The projection 38 can be slid into the hook groove 36, and a bolt 40 can be inserted through the bolt hole 39 from the bolt hole 37 and tightened with a nut to easily attach it to the swinging arms 2 and 3. By attaching the carrier 31 to each of the swinging arms 2 and 3 in this way, the soil compaction roller can be raised and moved to any desired position (see Figure 7).

[0021] The soil compaction roller is transported to the field while connected to an agricultural tractor, and during this transport, the soil compaction roller is lifted off the ground by the functions of the agricultural tractor. For compaction work, the soil compaction roller is lowered to the ground by removing the support 31 and pulled by the agricultural tractor. As the hollow roller 4 rotates in conjunction with this, the hammer weight bar 5 rolls freely inside the hollow roller 4, and its end cap 6 crosses over the ridges 15. The impact pressure generated each time it crosses is transmitted to the soil, resulting in appropriate compaction.

[0022] The method for direct seeding of crops in dry fields without irrigation according to the present invention is: For dry fields that are not filled with water, the tilling process involves using a tiller to cultivate and break up the soil, The process involves a primary compaction step in which the dry field that has been tilled and broken up is compacted using a compaction roller, The sowing process involves direct sowing using a seeding machine in the dry field that has undergone the aforementioned primary compaction, The process includes a secondary compaction step in which the dry field where direct seeding has been performed is compacted again using the compaction roller, The primary and secondary compaction processes are characterized by being accompanied by intermittent vibrations.

[0023] For use in this cultivation method, the soil compaction roller according to the present invention is recommended. In the case of this soil compaction roller, as the hollow roller 4 rotates as it is pulled by an agricultural tractor, the hammer weight bar 5 rolls freely inside the hollow roller 4, and each time its end cap 6 crosses over the ridge 15, an impact pressure is generated, and the intermittent vibrations are transmitted to the soil, thereby achieving appropriate compaction. [Industrial applicability]

[0024] As described above, the soil compaction roller according to the present invention has a simple structure, and as the hollow roller rotates, the hammer weight bar rolls freely and overcomes the uneven surface, and the impact pressure generated each time it overcomes the surface effectively compacts the soil. Furthermore, the dry-field direct seeding and no-irrigation cultivation method for crops according to the present invention makes it possible to cultivate rice in dry fields instead of conventional paddy fields, thereby reducing the labor and time required for rice cultivation, and also makes it possible to implement the method even on slopes and other areas where paddy field cultivation was previously impossible, thus having great industrial potential. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0025] 1 spindle 2,3 Swivel Arm 4 Hollow rollers 5. Hammer Weight Bar 6 End caps 7-9 Connecting hardware 15 Yamabe 16. Hook frame 17 weights 21 Scraper 31 Careers 50 Auto Hitch

Claims

1. A soil compaction roller used in conjunction with an agricultural tractor, The main shaft is equipped with a coupling means corresponding to the Japanese Agricultural Machinery Manufacturers Association's standard auto hitch for connecting to the aforementioned tractor, A hollow roller is positioned between the swing arms attached to both ends of the main shaft and is pivotally supported by the swing arms, It consists of a hammer weight bar, which is disposed in an unfixed state within the hollow roller and has a length approximately equal to the distance between the end face plates of the hollow roller, The hollow roller is provided with one or more ridges at both ends of its inner circumferential surface, and as the hollow roller rotates, the hammer weight bar rolls freely and overcomes the ridges, and the soil compaction is reinforced by the impact pressure generated each time it overcomes the ridges.

2. The hammer weight bar is a metal rod with resin end caps fitted to both ends, and the end caps move on and off the raised portion, as described in claim 1, for the soil compaction roller.

3. A soil compaction roller according to claim 1, wherein a hook frame is formed on the main shaft, and a weight for adding weight is detachably attached thereto.

4. The soil compaction roller according to claim 1, wherein a scraper is installed on the oscillating arm, which is biased to constantly contact the circumferential surface of the hollow roller.

5. The soil compaction roller according to claim 1, wherein a carrier for lifting the entire structure and making it movable is detachably attached to the swinging arm.

6. For dry fields that are not filled with water, the tilling process involves using a tiller to cultivate and break up the soil, The process involves a primary compaction step in which the dry field, after tillage and soil crushing, is performed using a compaction roller, The sowing process involves direct sowing using a seeding machine in the dry field that has undergone the aforementioned primary compaction, The process includes a secondary compaction step in which the dry field where direct seeding has been performed is compacted again using the compaction roller, A method for direct seeding of crops in dry fields without irrigation, characterized in that the primary and secondary compaction are accompanied by intermittent vibrations.

7. The method for dry-field direct seeding of crops without irrigation according to claim 6, wherein the soil compaction roller described in any one of claims 1 to 5 is used as the compaction roller.

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