Switch mechanism and disaster detection device

Abstract

To provide a switch mechanism that can instantly detect and process sudden natural disasters such as rockfalls, rockslides, landslides, mudslides, and debris flows in real time, and a disaster detection device equipped with this switch mechanism. [Solution] The switch mechanism 20 includes a transformation part 60 that supports the detection body 3 and transforms and displaces when an external force of kinetic energy E or more is applied to the detection body 3, a normally open type detection switch 25d mounted on the electronic circuit, and a switch operating part 65a provided on the transformation part 60. As the transformation part 60 transforms from its initial position, the switch operating part 65a causes the detection switch 25d to transition to a closed position, thereby closing the electronic circuit. The disaster detection device 1 includes the switch mechanism 20 and a communication unit 30 that transmits information to the outside when the electronic circuit is closed.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates in particular to a switch mechanism and a disaster detection device to be mounted on a device that detects influencing factors that cause disasters such as rockfalls, rockslides, landslides, and debris flows. [Background technology]

[0002] Steep slopes such as cliffs and embankments in mountainous areas and mountainous regions are susceptible to disasters caused by influencing factors such as rockfalls, bouldering, landslides, mudslides, and debris flows. Therefore, in areas where disasters are expected due to influencing factors, protective fences and nets are installed on steep slopes to prevent damage to railway lines, roads, and other infrastructure passing below cliffs and ridges, as well as to various nearby facilities and private homes.

[0003] Furthermore, disaster detection devices that detect the occurrence of disasters caused by influencing factors in advance, and that detect precursors to earthquakes, collapses, etc., at an early stage, are well known. Various proposals have been made for such disaster detection devices to detect the occurrence of disasters in advance and mitigate severe damage.

[0004] For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a disaster monitoring device and method that continuously monitors roads with unstable slopes or terrain conditions that raise concerns about collapse and subsidence, and prevents human casualties by issuing notifications when the risk of ground disasters is assessed as high. [Prior art documents] [Patent Documents]

[0005] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2021-143520 [Overview of the Initiative] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0006] Incidentally, the disaster monitoring device described in Patent Document 1 monitors ground disasters by analyzing sensing data from sensing devices, sensors, etc., related to abnormalities in the ground. However, the disaster monitoring device described in Patent Document 1 has the problem that it may misdetect ground disasters depending on the analysis of the sensing data. In other words, the disaster monitoring device described in Patent Document 1 may misinterpret vibration data caused by rain, wind, animal activity, etc., as abnormalities in the ground using sensing devices, sensors, etc.

[0007] Furthermore, the disaster monitoring device described in Patent Document 1 organizes images, sounds, and vibrations at their respective timings to analyze the frequency of phenomena related to ground disasters. As a result, there is a time lag in detecting sudden natural disasters such as rockfalls. Therefore, the disaster monitoring device described in Patent Document 1 has the problem of not being able to instantly detect the occurrence of natural disasters.

[0008] The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and aims to provide a switch mechanism that can instantly detect and process sudden natural disasters such as rockfalls, rockslides, landslides, mudslides, and debris flows in real time, and a disaster detection device equipped with this switch mechanism. [Means for solving the problem]

[0009] A switch mechanism according to one aspect of the present invention comprises a transformation part that supports a sensing body and transforms and displaces when an external force with kinetic energy exceeding a predetermined amount is applied to the sensing body; a normally open sensing switch mounted on an electronic circuit; and a switch operating part provided on the transformation part, wherein as the transformation part displaces from its initial position, the switch operating part transitions the sensing switch to a closed position and closes the electronic circuit.

[0010] A disaster detection device according to one aspect of the present invention comprises a transformation unit that supports a detection object and transforms and displaces when an external force with kinetic energy exceeding a predetermined amount is applied to the detection object; a normally open detection switch mounted on an electronic circuit; a switch operating unit provided on the transformation unit; a switch mechanism in which the switch operating unit transitions the detection switch to a closed position and closes the electronic circuit as the transformation unit displaces from its initial position; and a communication unit that transmits information to the outside when the electronic circuit is closed.

[0011] The aforementioned switch mechanism is configured such that the detection switch is a reed switch.

[0012] The switch mechanism has a permanent magnet that causes the reed switch to a closed position, and the switch operating part is formed from a magnetic material that attracts and holds the permanent magnet at a first position spaced apart from the reed switch, and the permanent magnet moves to a second position close to the reed switch when the deformation part is displaced and the magnetic field to the magnetic material decreases, causing it to detach from the first position and move to a second position close to the reed switch, thereby causing the reed switch to a closed position.

[0013] The switch mechanism has a permanent magnet that causes the reed switch to a closed position, and the switch operating part is provided with a magnetic body that holds the permanent magnet at a first spaced position where the reed switch is open, and the permanent magnet moves from the first position to a second position close to the reed switch when the deformation part is displaced and the magnetic field to the magnetic body decreases, causing the reed switch to a closed position.

[0014] The detection switch is a limit switch that opens when the switch operating part makes contact,

[0015] When the transformation part is displaced, the switch operating part is displaced to a position where it is not in contact with the limit switch, and the limit switch transitions to the closed position. [Effects of the Invention]

[0016] According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a switch mechanism capable of instantaneously detecting and processing natural disasters that occur suddenly, such as rock falls, falling rocks, landslides, soil collapses, and debris flows in real time, and a disaster detection device equipped with this switch mechanism.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0017] [Figure 1] Perspective view showing the configuration of a disaster detection device attached to a foundation buried in the ground, according to the first embodiment of the present invention [Figure 2] Perspective view showing the configuration of the disaster detection device attached to the foundation anchor unit [Figure 3] Exploded perspective view showing the configuration of the disaster detection device [Figure 4] Exploded perspective view showing the configuration of the main body housing [Figure 5] Plan view showing the configuration of the substrate unit housing [Figure 6] Perspective view showing the configuration of the main body housing [Figure 7] Cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the main body housing [Figure 8] Exploded perspective view showing the configuration of the substrate unit [Figure 9] Perspective view showing the configuration of the substrate unit [Figure 10] Bottom view showing the configuration of the substrate unit [Figure 11] Cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the substrate unit [Figure 12] Exploded perspective view showing the configuration of the antenna unit [Figure 13] Cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the antenna unit [Figure 14] Bottom view showing the configuration of the antenna unit [Figure 15] Plan view for explaining the state in which the antenna cover is locked to the cover body [Figure 16] Perspective view showing the configuration of the pole unit [Figure 17] Cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the pole unit [Figure 18]Cross-sectional diagram of the disaster detection device to explain the installation of the main unit and pole unit. [Figure 19] The same, a cross-sectional view of the disaster detection device showing the pole unit attached to the main unit. [Figure 20] A perspective view of one side of the disaster detection device attached to the foundation anchor unit. [Figure 21] The same is a perspective view showing multiple disaster detection devices lined up on a steep slope beside the railway line. [Figure 22] The same, a cross-sectional view showing the disaster detection device installed on a steep slope beside the railway line. [Figure 23] The same diagram shows a rockfall caused by boulders occurring on a steep slope where a disaster detection device is installed. [Figure 24] The same diagram shows the state when a rock fragment collides with a pole unit, as detected by the disaster detection device. [Figure 25] The diagram shows the damage to the connecting pipe caused by a rock impact with the pole unit of the disaster detection device. [Figure 26] The same diagram shows the pole unit of the disaster detection device detached from the main unit. [Figure 27] The same is a partial cross-sectional view showing the disaster detection device with the pole unit detached from the main unit. [Figure 28] This relates to a second embodiment of the present invention, and is an exploded perspective view partially showing the configuration of the main housing and pole unit. [Figure 29] A perspective view partially showing the bottom surface of the pole unit. [Figure 30] Cross-sectional diagram of the disaster detection device to explain the installation of the main unit and pole unit. [Figure 31] The same, a cross-sectional view of the disaster detection device showing the pole unit attached to the main unit. [Figure 32] The same is a partial cross-sectional view showing the disaster detection device with the pole unit detached from the main unit. [Figure 33] This relates to a third embodiment of the present invention and is an exploded perspective view showing the configuration of the main housing. [Figure 34] The same, an exploded cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the main housing. [Figure 35] The same, exploded perspective view showing the configuration of the circuit board unit. [Figure 36] The same is a perspective view showing the configuration of the circuit board unit. [Figure 37] The same, a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the circuit board unit. [Figure 38] The same, exploded perspective view showing the configuration of the antenna unit. [Figure 39] The same, an exploded cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the antenna unit. [Figure 40] The same is an exploded perspective view showing the state before the circuit board unit is installed in the circuit board unit housing. [Figure 41] The same, an exploded cross-sectional view showing the state before the circuit board unit is installed in the circuit board unit housing. [Figure 42] This is an exploded perspective view showing the circuit board unit housing before the antenna case is attached. [Figure 43] This is an exploded cross-sectional view showing the circuit board unit housing before the antenna case is attached. [Figure 44] This is an exploded perspective view showing the circuit board unit housing before the lid is attached. [Figure 45] This is an exploded cross-sectional view showing the state before the lid is attached to the circuit board unit housing. [Figure 46] The same, an exploded perspective view showing the antenna case before the antenna cover is attached. [Figure 47] The same, a disassembled cross-sectional view showing the antenna case before the antenna cover is attached. [Figure 48] The same is a perspective view showing the antenna case with the antenna cover attached. [Figure 49] The same, a cross-sectional view showing the antenna case with the antenna cover attached. [Figure 50] The same perspective view showing the configuration of the pole support member. [Figure 51] A plan view showing the configuration of the pole support member. [Figure 52] The same cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the pole support member. [Figure 53] The same, a bottom view showing the configuration of the pole support member. [Figure 54] This is an exploded perspective view showing the main unit before the pole support member is attached. [Figure 55] The same, an exploded cross-sectional view showing the state before the pole support member is attached to the main unit. [Figure 56] The same, a perspective view showing the main unit with the pole support member attached. [Figure 57] The same, a cross-sectional view showing the main unit with the pole support member attached. [Figure 58] The same is a perspective view showing the pole unit attached to the main unit. [Figure 59] The same, a cross-sectional view showing the pole unit attached to the main unit. [Figure 60] The same figure shows a finite element analysis when an influencing factor collides with the base side of the pole unit. [Figure 61] Figure 60 shows a partial cross-sectional view of the disaster detection device 1 at the end of the collision. [Figure 62] The same figure shows an analysis using the finite element method when an influencing factor collides with the tip of the pole unit. [Figure 63] A partial cross-sectional view showing the disaster detection device 1 at the end of the collision, as shown in Figure 62. [Figure 64] The same figure shows a finite element analysis when a wind load equivalent to a wind speed of 60 m / s is applied to the entire pole unit. [Figure 65] A partial cross-sectional view of the disaster detection device 1 in the state where wind load is continuously applied, as shown in Figure 64. [Figure 66] This is an exploded perspective view showing the configuration of a substrate unit, relating to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 67] The same is a perspective view showing the configuration of the circuit board unit. [Figure 68] The same, a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the circuit board unit. [Figure 69] This is an exploded perspective view showing the main unit before the pole support member is attached. [Figure 70] The same, an exploded cross-sectional view showing the state before the pole support member is attached to the main unit. [Figure 71] The same, a cross-sectional view showing the main unit with the pole support member attached. [Figure 72] The same, an enlarged cross-sectional view of the circle LXXII in Figure 71. [Figure 73] Cross-sectional view of the disaster detection device with the pole unit attached to the main unit. [Figure 74] The same diagram shows the state in which the pole support member of the disaster detection device has been altered by a rock fragment that struck the pole unit. [Figure 75] A schematic diagram illustrating the position of the moving magnet under normal conditions. [Figure 76] A schematic diagram illustrating the position of the mobile magnet in an emergency. [Figure 77] This is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of a circuit board unit equipped with a normally open sensor for the first modification. [Figure 78] The same cross-sectional diagram shows the configuration of the circuit board unit equipped with an emergency normal open sensor. [Figure 79] A perspective view showing the configuration of the pole support member in the second modified example. [Figure 80] A partial cross-sectional view showing a third modification, in which a pole support member, whose outer surface of the widened base is formed in a convex curved cross-section, is attached to the main unit. [Figure 81] This is a partial cross-sectional view showing the pole support member, whose outer surface of the widened base is formed in a concave cross-section, attached to the main unit. [Figure 82] A schematic diagram showing the shape of the magnet housing, relating to the fourth modification. [Figure 83] A schematic diagram illustrating the action of the permanent magnets in the magnet housing when it is inclined with respect to the vertical direction. [Figure 84] A cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the pole unit, relating to the fifth modification. [Figure 85] The sixth modification is shown in an exploded perspective view illustrating the pole of a multi-piece tube with screw connections. [Figure 86] The same exploded perspective view showing the pole of a multi-piece pipe with a separate joint connection. [Figure 87]The same exploded perspective view showing the pole of a multi-piece tube with coupling. [Figure 88] A perspective view showing the configuration of a disaster detection device attached to a foundation anchor unit, relating to the seventh modification. [Figure 89] Cross-sectional view showing an example of a disaster detection device installed alongside a railway line. [Figure 90] This diagram shows an example where a fence is installed between the pole units of a disaster detection device. [Figure 91] This diagram shows an example of a pocket-type rockfall protection net with multiple disaster detection devices installed. [Figure 92] This diagram shows an example of a rockfall protection net with multiple disaster detection devices installed. [Figure 93] A plan view showing an example of the configuration of a film antenna (transmitting antenna) relating to the fifth embodiment. [Figure 94] Cross-sectional view along line AA in Figure 93. [Figure 95] The same cross-sectional diagram shows another example of the configuration of a film antenna (transmitting antenna). [Figure 96] The same is a perspective view showing the film antenna curved into an arc shape. [Figure 97] The same, exploded perspective view showing the configuration of the antenna unit. [Figure 98] The same, a cross-sectional diagram showing the configuration of the antenna unit. [Figure 99] The same diagram shows a modified example of the antenna structure of a film antenna. [Figure 100] The same is an enlarged view of area B in Figure 98, showing a cross-sectional view of an example of the configuration of a transmitting antenna placed in the antenna mounting groove. [Figure 101] The same cross-sectional diagram shows another example of the configuration of a transmitting antenna placed in an antenna mounting groove. [Figure 102] The same cross-sectional diagram shows another example of the configuration of a transmitting antenna placed in an antenna mounting groove. [Figure 103] The same cross-sectional diagram shows another example of the configuration of a transmitting antenna placed in an antenna mounting groove. [Figure 104] A cross-sectional view showing an example of the configuration of a film antenna, relating to the sixth embodiment. [Figure 105] The same cross-sectional diagram shows another example of the configuration of a film antenna. [Figure 106] The same cross-sectional diagram shows another example of the configuration of a film antenna. [Figure 107] The same cross-sectional diagram shows another example of the configuration of a film antenna. [Figure 108] A diagram showing an example of the installation of a disaster detection system according to the seventh embodiment. [Figure 109] The same diagram shows an example of the installation of a disaster detection device. [Figure 110] The same block diagram shows an example of the configuration of a disaster detection device. [Figure 111] The same block diagram shows an example of the configuration of the disaster detection system. [Figure 112] A flowchart illustrating an example of the operation of the disaster detection device. [Figure 113] A flowchart illustrating an example of the operation of the central control unit. [Figure 114] This relates to the first modification of the seventh embodiment and is a flowchart showing an example of the operation of the central control unit. [Figure 115] A diagram illustrating the state of collision between disaster detection devices and influencing factors. [Figure 116] This relates to a second modification of the seventh embodiment and is a flowchart showing an example of the operation of the central control unit. [Figure 117] This relates to a third modification of the seventh embodiment and is a flowchart showing an example of the operation of the disaster detection device. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0018] The detailed configuration of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Please note that the drawings based on each embodiment and each modified example in the following description are schematic, and the relationship between the thickness and width of each part, as well as the ratio of the thicknesses of each part, may differ from the actual values, and there may be differences in dimensional relationships and ratios between drawings.

[0019] This document describes an example of a disaster detection device that detects influencing factors that cause disasters such as rockfalls, rockfalls, landslides, mudslides, and debris flows on steep slopes such as cliffs and embankments in mountainous areas and mountainous regions. Furthermore, the various components of the present invention will be explained using orthographic projection views such as "front," "back," "top," "bottom," and "side," but this is based on the layout of the drawing and does not specify the orientation of the components themselves. In addition, while the following description uses a disaster detection device as an example, the described components are not technologies applicable only to disaster detection devices but are also applicable to other technologies.

[0020] (First embodiment) First, the disaster detection device according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below. As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the disaster detection device 1 includes a main body unit 2 which constitutes the main body, a pole unit 3 which is an influencing factor detection body (influencing factor collision body), and a connecting pipe 4 which is a cylindrical deformable part and an easily damaged part (weak part). Figure 1 is a perspective view showing the configuration of the disaster detection device attached to a foundation anchor unit buried in the ground, and Figure 2 is a perspective view showing the configuration of the disaster detection device attached to the foundation anchor unit.

[0021] The disaster detection device 1 has a main unit 2 attached to a foundation anchor unit 5 which serves as the anchoring part. The foundation anchor unit 5 has an anchoring reinforcing bar 6 with a male threaded portion 7 formed at its upper end and a foundation block 8. The foundation block 8 is positioned so that the male threaded portion 7 of the anchoring reinforcing bar 6 protrudes from the plane. The foundation block 8 is, for example, a truncated pyramidal concrete block.

[0022] As shown in Figure 3, the main unit 2 includes a main housing 10, a circuit board unit 20, and an antenna unit 30. Figure 3 is an exploded perspective view showing the configuration of the disaster detection device.

[0023] First, the detailed configuration of the main housing 10 will be described below. As shown in Figure 4, the main housing 10 has a substrate unit housing 11, a lid 12, and a ring body 13. Figure 4 is an exploded perspective view showing the configuration of the main housing.

[0024] The substrate unit housing 11 is a substantially cylindrical member with a large diameter in the central part along the axial direction. The substrate unit housing 11 has a body 11a, a base block connecting part 11b, and a male screw ring 11c.

[0025] The substrate unit housing 11 is a roughly cylindrical shape with a bottom. This substrate unit housing 11 has a main body 11a at its axial center.

[0026] The foundation block connection part 11b is roughly cylindrical in shape. This foundation block connection part 11b is connected to the bottom surface of the main body 11a.

[0027] The male screw ring 11c is substantially annular in shape. This male screw ring 11c is connected to the plane of the body 11a. The body 11a, the foundation block connection part 11b, and the male screw ring 11c are integrally formed from a metal or a non-metallic material such as resin having predetermined strength and rigidity. When the body 11a, etc., is made of metal, it is preferable to use a non-magnetic metal, such as austemate stainless steel, to suppress the influence of external magnetic fields and to consider magnetic shielding.

[0028] The substrate unit housing 11 has a substrate unit installation portion 11d that opens with a male screw ring 11c. The substrate unit installation portion 11d is a cylindrical recessed space. This substrate unit installation portion 11d is formed in the body 11a. That is, the substrate unit 20 is housed in the substrate unit installation portion 11d and installed inside the body 11a.

[0029] The body 11a of this embodiment has two stepped portions 11g on its flat edge. The body 11a is not limited to this, and is only required to be configured so that the antenna case 31, described later, can be inserted into it without relative rotation. Each stepped portion 11g is formed at a position symmetrical to the center of the body 11a. Each stepped portion 11g is a notch formed in a planar view in an arc shape, surrounded by the outer circular arc and a linear chord of the body 11a.

[0030] The main body 11a has a notch 11h. The notch 11h is a recessed groove formed from the flat side circumference of the main body 11a toward the bottom and radially inward. The cable gland 15 is fitted into this notch 11h.

[0031] Therefore, the notch 11h constitutes the cable gland mounting section. The cable gland 15 is a cable seal section that prevents dust, water, etc. from entering the substrate unit installation section 11d.

[0032] The cable gland 15 is screwed into a hole 11i, which is drilled into the radially inner wall of the notch 11h and has a female thread cut into it. This hole 11i extends through to the substrate unit mounting portion 11d of the body 11a.

[0033] That is, the hole 11i is inserted into the substrate unit mounting section 11d. The main body 11a has four engaging recesses 11k on the bottom wall surface 11l of the substrate unit mounting section 11d (see Figure 5). Figure 5 is a plan view showing the configuration of the substrate unit housing.

[0034] Of these four engagement recesses 11k, the one on the cable gland 15 side is positioned closer to the center of the bottom wall surface 11l than the other three. Each of these engagement recesses 11k constitutes a board unit positioning section that determines the mounting position of the board unit 20 housed in the board unit installation section 11d.

[0035] The foundation block connection part 11b has a female threaded portion 11j (see Figure 7). The female threaded portion 11j is engraved from the center of the bottom surface of the foundation block connection part 11b toward the interior on the planar side. This female threaded portion 11j is screwed into the male threaded portion 7 of the anchoring reinforcement bar 6. In this way, the disaster detection device 1 is anchored to the foundation anchor unit 5.

[0036] The male screw ring 11c has a screw groove 11f engraved on its side circumference. The male screw ring 11c also has a circumferential groove 11e. The circumferential groove 11e is formed from the flat surface to the thicker portion of the male screw ring 11c.

[0037] An O-ring 14 is fitted into the circumferential groove 11e. The O-ring 14 is made of an elastic material or the like that maintains airtightness / watertightness to prevent the ingress of dust, water, etc. The O-ring 14 may also be any type of seal, packing, gasket, etc. that maintains at least watertightness.

[0038] The lid 12 has a lid body 12a that is substantially cylindrical. The lid body 12a has a mounting recess 12b formed from the flat surface 12f side, which is the top surface, toward the bottom surface. This mounting recess 12b is a circumferential groove formed in a substantially annular shape (ring-shaped cross-section).

[0039] Furthermore, the lid body 12a has a cylindrical portion 12c approximately in the center of the inner diameter side of the mounting recess 12b. A male screw portion 12d is engraved on the outer circumference of this cylindrical portion 12c that protrudes toward the planar side. The lid body 12a also has a convex curved planar portion 12f on its upper part.

[0040] The cylindrical portion 12c and the male threaded portion 12d have a through hole 12e formed approximately in the center. The lid 12 has a female threaded portion 12g formed on the inner circumferential surface of the concave portion on the bottom side (see Figure 7).

[0041] The lid 12 has its female screw portion 12g screwed onto the male screw ring 11c of the substrate unit housing 11. This fixes the lid 12 to the substrate unit housing 11.

[0042] At this time, the bottom surface of the recessed portion on the lower side of the lid 12 is in close contact with the O-ring 14 disposed in the circumferential groove 11e of the O-ring insertion groove formed on the upper surface of the male screw ring 11c of the substrate unit housing 11. As a result, the joint surface between the substrate unit housing 11 and the lid 12 is kept airtight and / or at least watertight.

[0043] The ring body 13 has a ring-shaped ring body 13a. This ring body 13a has a hole 13b that is formed in a convex shape in the center. Furthermore, a female threaded portion 13c is engraved on the inner circumference of the flat side of the ring body 13a that forms the hole 13b. This female threaded portion 13c is screwed into the male threaded portion 12d of the lid body 12a (see Figure 7).

[0044] Furthermore, the hole 13b has a stepped shape that is substantially similar to the cylindrical portion 12c of the lid body 12a on the bottom side of the female screw portion 13c. In addition, the ring body 13a has a flat portion 13d which is a convex curved upper surface.

[0045] The main housing 10, configured as described above, houses the circuit board unit 20 in the circuit board unit housing 11. The antenna unit 30, which is the alarm generation unit, is then mounted on the main housing 10 so as to be externally fitted to the circuit board unit housing 11. After that, the cover 12 of the main housing 10 is screwed onto the circuit board unit housing 11.

[0046] Furthermore, as shown in Figures 6 and 7, the main housing 10 has a ring body 13 screwed onto the lid 12. Figure 6 is a perspective view showing the configuration of the main housing, and Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the main housing.

[0047] The main housing 10, to which each component is assembled, has a surface portion 10a that is a substantially continuous convex curved surface, formed by a flat portion 12f that forms the upper surface of the lid 12 and a flat portion 13d that forms the upper surface of the ring body 13. That is, the surface portion 10a is formed as the upper surface of the main housing 10 by the flat portion 12f of the lid 12 and the flat portion 13d of the ring body 13, which are arranged within substantially the same convex curved surface.

[0048] Therefore, the main unit 2 has a convex curved surface portion 10a on the flat surface that forms the top surface of the main housing 10, making it difficult for rainwater, sand, mud, fallen leaves, etc. to accumulate.

[0049] Furthermore, a substantially circular gap is formed between the inner circumferential surface of the lid 12 that forms the mounting recess 12b and the outer circumferential surface of the ring body 13a of the ring body 13. This gap forms an annular member insertion groove 10b, which is a ring-shaped circumferential groove.

[0050] The connecting pipe 4 is inserted into the annular member insertion groove 10b. The connecting pipe 4 is a tubular member formed from a metal and / or a non-metallic material such as resin, having a predetermined strength and rigidity. The annular member insertion groove 10b has a groove width that is approximately the same as or slightly larger than the thickness of the connecting pipe 4.

[0051] Next, the detailed configuration of the substrate unit 20 will be described below. As shown in Figure 8, the substrate unit 20 includes a substrate case 21, a case cover 22, a lid plate 23, a permanent magnet 24, a circuit board 25, a V-packing 26, and a cable packing 27. Figure 8 is an exploded perspective view showing the configuration of the substrate unit.

[0052] The circuit board case 21 has a case body 21a which is a bottomed, roughly cylindrical housing. The case body 21a is made of resin or a non-magnetic metal. The case body 21a has a roughly flat side wall portion 21b. This case body 21a has a circuit board housing portion 21c which encloses and houses the circuit board 25.

[0053] Furthermore, a hole 21d is drilled in the side wall portion 21b. A cable packing 27 is fitted into this hole 21d.

[0054] The case cover 22 has a plate-shaped cover body 22a. This cover body 22a is made of resin and / or a non-magnetic metal. The cover body 22a also has a cylindrical portion 22b, which is a guide tube that forms a guide portion for a cylindrical body that is erected to protrude from approximately the center of the flat portion.

[0055] The cylindrical portion 22b has a magnet housing portion 22c, which is a hole that forms a roughly cylindrical or roughly frustoconical space that widens toward the substrate housing portion 21c. The magnet housing portion 22c is drilled so as to open at a protruding end. A permanent magnet 24, which is a movable magnet that is roughly cylindrical or roughly frustoconical in shape, is inserted into and housed in the magnet housing portion 22c.

[0056] Furthermore, it is preferable that the inner circumference shape of the hole in the magnet housing portion 22c and the outer shape of the permanent magnet 24 are roughly the same. Also, the hole shape of the magnet housing portion 22c is not limited to cylindrical or conical, but may be prismatic or pyramidal. The permanent magnet 24 can be a metal (alloy) magnet such as an Alnico magnet or a rare earth magnet such as a neodymium magnet, a ceramic magnet such as a ferrite magnet, or a bonded magnet containing plastic, rubber, etc.

[0057] The cylindrical portion 22b, which houses the permanent magnet 24, has a cover plate 23 integrally formed, bonded, or welded to its open end. As a result, the opening of the magnet housing portion 22c is closed by the cover plate 23. The cylindrical portion 22b, which is closed by the cover plate 23, is inserted into the through hole 12e of the cover body 12.

[0058] The permanent magnet 24 is arranged within the magnet housing portion 22c of the cylindrical portion 22b so as to be able to move back and forth (displace) between a position on the lid plate 23 side and a position on the bottom wall 22d side. In other words, the cylindrical portion 22b constitutes a guide portion that guides the displacement of the permanent magnet 24 housed within it in a straight line.

[0059] Furthermore, the case cover 22 has a bottom wall 22d on the cover body 22a side of the cylindrical portion 22b that closes off the magnet housing portion 22c (see Figure 11). Therefore, the permanent magnet 24 disposed in the magnet housing portion 22c is in contact with the bottom wall 22d, while the downward displacement of the cover body 22a is restricted.

[0060] Of course, if the shape of the magnet housing portion 22c is a roughly frustoconical shape that widens toward the substrate housing portion 21c, the cover plate 23 and the cylindrical portion 22b are formed integrally, and the bottom wall 22d is formed separately and arranged at the bottom of the magnet housing portion 22c.

[0061] Furthermore, within the magnet housing section 22c, the permanent magnet 24 is restricted from moving forward or backward relative to the cover body 22a by contact with the cover plate 23. In other words, the cover plate 23 and the bottom wall 22d are provided at both ends of the cylindrical section 22b and constitute restricting sections that contact and restrict the movement of the permanent magnet 24.

[0062] The configuration of the substrate unit 20 described above may be modified as long as it does not significantly deviate from its purpose, function, or performance. The substrate unit 20 may, for example, have the case cover 22 and the lid plate 23 integrally formed, or the side wall portion 21b may be integrally formed on the lower part of the case cover 22.

[0063] The circuit board 25 here includes two rigid boards 25a and 25b. Each rigid board 25a and 25b is superimposed on a plurality of spacers 25c.

[0064] Each rigid substrate 25a, 25b is mounted with a magnetic sensor 25d, various electronic components (not shown), and an internal battery. These various electronic components constitute an electronic circuit including a clock circuit, an individual ID transmission circuit, a power management circuit, and so on.

[0065] The magnetic sensor 25d is mounted on rigid substrate 25a, one of the two rigid substrates 25a and 25b, located on the opening side of the case body 21a. The case cover 22 has a sensor placement section 22e formed in a recess approximately in the center of its bottom surface (see Figure 11). The sensor placement section 22e is provided from the cover body 22a to the cylindrical section 22b, facing the magnet housing section 22c via the bottom wall 22d.

[0066] In this case, the magnetic sensor 25d is a reed switch that does not require power consumption. Alternatively, the magnetic sensor 25d may be an electronic switch configuration including a coil (inductor), Hall element, superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID), MR sensor element (AMR, GMR, TMR), etc.

[0067] Furthermore, the circuit board 25 is not limited to two rigid boards 25a and 25b, but may consist of one or more than three boards, and it does not have to be rigid; for example, it may be a flexible printed circuit board (FPC).

[0068] In the circuit board case 21, the circuit board 25 is fixed within the circuit board housing section 21c of the case body 21a via multiple spacers 25c. However, the spacers 25c are not essential and may be used as needed. The spacers 25c can be fixed to the bottom wall of the circuit board housing section 21c by adhesive and / or by fastening members such as screws.

[0069] The substrate case 21 may be sealed by the cover body 22a of the case cover 22, as shown in Figure 9. Figure 9 is a perspective view showing the configuration of the substrate unit. The cover body 22a is bonded, welded, or otherwise attached to the edge of the case body 21a so as to close the opening of the substrate housing portion 21c.

[0070] Therefore, the cover body 22a has an outer shape that is substantially similar to the edge shape of the case body 21a. In this state, the magnetic sensor 25d of the circuit board 25 is located within the sensor placement area 22e of the case cover 22 (see Figure 11).

[0071] Alternatively, a V-packing 26, which is a ring-shaped gasket made of an elastic material or the like, may be fitted onto the cylindrical portion 22b. In this case, the V-packing 26 is positioned to come into contact with the surface of the cover body 22a.

[0072] When the lid 12 is attached to the substrate unit housing 11, the V-packing 26 is in close contact with the ring-shaped stepped portion on the bottom surface that forms the through hole 12e of the lid 12 and the case cover 22 of the substrate case 21.

[0073] Therefore, the main housing 10 ensures that the internal circuit board unit 20 is airtight and / or at least watertight. In other words, the main housing 10 prevents dust, water, etc. from entering through the through-hole 12e of the lid 12.

[0074] As shown in Figures 10 and 11, the substrate case 21 can be configured to have a filler material injection port 21f in the center of the bottom surface 21e of the case body 21a. Figure 10 is a bottom view showing the configuration of the substrate unit, and Figure 11 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the substrate unit.

[0075] If a filler injection port 21f is provided, an appropriate filler material 28 such as epoxy resin, polyurethane resin, or silicone resin can be injected into the substrate housing portion 21c through the filler injection port 21f, which is a hole drilled in the bottom surface 21e.

[0076] Therefore, the gap between the circuit board unit 20 and the circuit board 25 in the circuit board housing section 21c is filled with the filler material 28. In other words, the circuit board unit 20 is covered around the circuit board 25 inside the circuit board case 21 with the filler material 28.

[0077] As a result, the substrate unit 20 enhances the integrity of the electronic components mounted on the circuit board 25, improving its resistance to external shocks, vibrations, etc. Furthermore, the substrate unit 20 improves the insulation between the electronic circuits mounted on the circuit board 25, as well as improving waterproof, dustproof, and moisture-proof performance, ensuring long-term integrity.

[0078] Furthermore, the case body 21a has four engaging protrusions 21g formed on its bottom surface 21e. Of these four engaging protrusions 21g, one on the cable packing 27 side is positioned closer to the filler material injection port 21f than the other three. Each engaging protrusion 21g engages with four engaging recesses 11k formed on the bottom wall surface 11l of the substrate unit installation section 11d.

[0079] This ensures that the mounting position of the circuit board unit 20 when housed in the circuit board case 21 is uniquely determined. Furthermore, within the circuit board unit housing 11, a predetermined mounting orientation is defined in which the cable packing 27 faces the cable gland 15.

[0080] Next, the detailed configuration of the antenna unit 30 will be described below. As shown in Figures 12 and 13, the antenna unit 30 constitutes an alarm generation unit having an antenna case 31, an antenna cover 32, and a transmitting antenna 33. Figure 12 is an exploded perspective view showing the configuration of the antenna unit, and Figure 13 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the antenna unit.

[0081] Furthermore, the antenna unit 30 constitutes a communication unit (announcement unit) that transmits (transmits) information to the outside. In addition, the case body 31a and antenna cover 32 are made of materials that do not shield radio waves from the transmitting antenna 33, and are mainly made of resin, glass, etc.

[0082] The case body 31a is substantially cylindrical in shape. The case body 31a has a fitting hole 31b formed in the center. The fitting hole 31b is fitted into the main body housing 10 by external insertion. The fitting hole 31b has an inner diameter that is substantially the same as or slightly larger than the outer diameter of the substrate unit housing 11 and the lid 12.

[0083] The case body 31a has two clamping pieces 31c that protrude in a plan view in an arc-shaped plate form from the inner circumferential surface forming the fitting hole 31b. The clamping pieces 31c have a shape substantially similar to the stepped portion 11g of the main housing 10. Each clamping piece 31c is formed at a position symmetrical to the center of the case body 31a.

[0084] The case body 31a has an antenna mounting groove 31d formed around the periphery from the flat surface toward the thicker portion. The antenna mounting groove 31d is a circumferential groove with a concave cross-section and a substantially circular shape when viewed from above. The antenna mounting groove 31d communicates with a cable insertion passage 31f that opens on the flat side of the case body 31a.

[0085] The case body 31a has four locking grooves 31e on its outer circumference. It goes without saying that the number of locking grooves 31e is not limited to four. Each locking groove 31e extends from the flat edge of the case body 31a towards the bottom surface and is a roughly L-shaped recess formed along the circumferential direction (see Figure 12).

[0086] The four locking grooves 31e are formed at approximately equal intervals in the circumferential direction of the case body 31a. The case body 31a has three reinforcing ribs 31j and one beam section 31h, as shown in Figure 14. Figure 14 is a bottom view showing the configuration of the antenna unit.

[0087] The case body 31a has four recesses 31k, which are partitioned by the outer periphery wall, the inner periphery wall, and each reinforcing rib 31j and / or beam section 31h. The four recesses 31k are roughly fan-shaped when viewed from the bottom.

[0088] Thus, the case body 31a maintains a predetermined rigidity by providing reinforcing ribs 31j and / or beam sections 31h, while being lightweight by providing four recesses 31k. The cable insertion passage 31f is formed in the beam section 31h.

[0089] The antenna cover 32 has a cover body 32a that is formed in a substantially annular shape. The cover body 32a has an inwardly flange-shaped top surface portion 32b on the planar side. The top surface portion 32b has an opening 32c that is hollowed out in the center in a substantially circular shape.

[0090] In other words, the top surface portion 32b has a ring-shaped plate form. The opening 32c has an opening diameter that is approximately the same as the diameter of the fitting hole portion 31b of the case body 31a.

[0091] The cover body 32a has four locking protrusions 32d formed on its inner circumferential wall. The number of locking protrusions 32d is not limited to four, but can be adjusted to match the number, position, and shape of the locking grooves 31e. These four locking protrusions 32d are formed at approximately equal intervals in the circumferential direction of the case body 31a.

[0092] When the antenna cover 32 is attached to the antenna case 31, each locking projection 32d of the cover body 32a engages with each locking groove 31e of the case body 31a. Then, as shown in Figure 15, when the antenna cover 32 is rotated, each locking projection 32d that engages with each locking groove 31e slides in the circumferential direction and locks into place.

[0093] This secures the antenna cover 32 so that it does not come off the antenna case 31. Figure 15 is a plan view illustrating how the antenna cover is locked to the cover body.

[0094] Furthermore, the transmitting antenna 33 can also be an arc-shaped antenna, such as a film antenna. An antenna cable 34 is connected to the transmitting antenna 33. This transmitting antenna 33 is positioned in the antenna mounting groove 31d of the antenna case 31.

[0095] The transmitting antenna 33 is fixed to the radially inward side surface that forms the antenna mounting groove 31d by adhesive, double-sided tape, or the like. After the transmitting antenna 33 is installed, a filler material 33a such as epoxy resin, polyurethane resin, or silicone resin is injected into the antenna mounting groove 31d.

[0096] Therefore, the transmitting antenna 33 is protected and kept airtight and / or at least watertight by being covered with the filler material 33a.

[0097] The antenna cable 34 is passed through the cable insertion passage 31f from the antenna mounting groove 31d. The antenna cable 34 is also inserted into the cable gland 15 and cable packing 27 of the main housing 10. Therefore, the antenna cable 34 is kept airtight and / or at least watertight by the cable gland 15 and cable packing 27.

[0098] The antenna cable 34 is then inserted into the circuit board case 21 and connected to the circuit board unit 20 inside the circuit board case 21. The antenna cable 34 is also electrically connected to the individual ID transmission circuit, etc., of the circuit board unit 20. In addition, the cable gland 15 is housed in the cable insertion passage 31f.

[0099] The main body housing 10, circuit board unit 20, and antenna unit 30, configured as described above, are assembled together to form the main body unit 2. When the antenna unit 30 and the main body housing 10 are assembled, the two clamping pieces 31c of the antenna unit 30 are fitted into the two stepped portions 11g of the main body housing 10.

[0100] At this time, the two clamped pieces 31c are sandwiched between the substrate unit housing 11 and the cover 12, positioning the antenna unit 30 so that it does not rotate. In other words, the main housing 10 has two stepped portions 11g that fit onto the two clamped pieces 31c, forming an antenna unit positioning section that positions the mounting position of the antenna unit 30 on the main housing 10.

[0101] In this manner, the antenna unit 30 is clamped and fixed to the main housing 10. In this state, the antenna cable 34 of the antenna unit 30 is positioned in a substantially straight line toward the cable gland 15 of the main housing 10.

[0102] Next, the detailed configuration of the pole unit 3 will be described below. As shown in Figures 16 and 17, the pole unit 3 consists of a long member having a pole base 41, a pole 42, and a cover cap 43. Figure 16 is a perspective view showing the configuration of the pole unit, and Figure 17 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the pole unit.

[0103] The pole base 41 is a support part that supports a pole 42 formed in a substantially cylindrical shape from a single material, composite material, laminated material, resin with lining, etc., and / or a non-magnetic metal. The pole base 41 may also be made of a magnetic metal. The pole base 41 has a fitting projection 41a with a circular cross-section that protrudes from a flat surface. The pole base 41 has a concave curved bottom surface 41b.

[0104] The pole base 41 has a recess 41c formed approximately in the center of its bottom surface 41b. A magnetic attraction member 45 is fixed to the recess 41c by press-fitting. The recess 41c is cylindrical or rectangular in shape. The magnetic attraction member 45 is cylindrical or rectangular in shape, depending on the shape of the recess 41c.

[0105] The magnetic attraction member 45 may also be attached to the recess 41c by adhesive, screw fastening, or the like. The magnetic attraction member 45 is a block made of a magnetic material (ferromagnetic material) such as iron, chromium, cobalt, nickel, or gadolinium, or an alloy containing these magnetic materials.

[0106] Furthermore, the magnetic attraction member 45 may be made of a ferrite magnet, an alnico magnet, an iron-chromium-cobalt magnet, or a rare-earth magnet such as a neodymium magnet or a samarium-cobalt magnet, in addition to the magnetic material described above. However, if a permanent magnet is used for the magnetic attraction member 45, it is preferable to use a ferromagnetic material because using a permanent magnet would increase costs due to considerations regarding polarity and price. In this case, the magnetic attraction member 45 can also be integrally constructed with the pole base 41.

[0107] The bottom surface 41b of the pole base 41 has a concave surface with approximately the same curvature as the convex curved surface portion 10a formed by the flat portion 12f of the lid 12 and the flat portion 13d of the ring body 13.

[0108] The pole 42 is a long, tubular member with a hollow cylindrical shape. The pole 42 has a predetermined rigidity and is a long body with a hollow section formed of a high-strength material such as metal and / or hard resin. The manufacturing cost of the pole 42 can be reduced by using, for example, a single pipe made of general-purpose steel.

[0109] Furthermore, the pole 42 may be made of a metal such as an aluminum alloy or a magnesium alloy, with aluminum or magnesium as the main component. In addition, the pole 42 may be made of a composite material of metal and nonmetal.

[0110] Furthermore, the pole 42 can be made of various shapes and materials as long as it does not break easily (has impact resistance) and can withstand long-term outdoor use (has weather resistance, fatigue resistance, etc.). In addition, although the shape of the pole 42 is exemplified as a hollow cylindrical tubular member with a circular cross-section, it is not limited to this, and may also be a long member with a polygonal cross-section, an elliptical cross-section, a C-shaped cross-section, a D-shaped cross-section, an E-shaped cross-section, an H-shaped cross-section, an I-shaped cross-section, a K-shaped cross-section, an L-shaped cross-section, an M-shaped cross-section, an N-shaped cross-section, an S-shaped cross-section, a T-shaped cross-section, a U-shaped cross-section, a V-shaped cross-section, a W-shaped cross-section, an X-shaped cross-section, a Y-shaped cross-section, a Z-shaped cross-section, a cross-shaped cross-section, a U-shaped cross-section, a V-shaped cross-section, a W-shaped cross-section, a X-shaped cross-section, a Y-shaped cross-section, a Z-shaped cross-section, a cross-shaped cross-section, a V or a V-shaped cross-section.

[0111] The pole 42 is fitted into the fitting projection 41a from the planar side of the pole base 41 at one end on its base side. If the pole 42 and pole base 41 are made of metal, the area around the end of the pole 42 is joined to the pole base 41 by a weld 44. In other words, the pole base 41 constitutes the base of the pole unit 3 provided at one end of the pole 2.

[0112] Furthermore, the pole 42 and the pole base 41 may be joined using various mechanical methods such as screw fastening, press-fitting, shrink-fitting, and crimping. Also, if the pole 42 and the pole base 41 are made of resin, various mechanical methods such as welding, bonding, fitting, and screw fastening can be applied.

[0113] The cover cap 43 constitutes a cover body having an outer shape that is approximately conical, approximately pyramidal, or approximately hemispherical. The cover cap 43 is formed from a metal or a non-metallic material such as resin that has a predetermined strength and rigidity. This cover cap 43 is attached to the other end of the pole 42 on the side opposite to the pole base 41, so as to close the opening of the pole 42. Furthermore, the cover cap 43 can be joined to the pole 42 by various mechanical methods such as welding, brazing, fitting, screw fixing, press fitting, shrink fitting, and crimping.

[0114] The pole unit 3 has a cover cap 43 that is conical, pyramidal, or hemispherical in shape, which prevents small animals such as birds and beasts from climbing up and perching on the end of the pole 42. The outer shape of the cover cap 43 is not limited to a cone, but may be pyramidal, hemispherical, etc. Furthermore, the outer shape of the cover cap 43 is not limited to pyramidal, hemispherical, etc., and can be made into a variety of shapes, but a convex shape may reduce the accumulation of foreign matter.

[0115] The pole unit 3 described above is erected on the main body housing 10 of the main body unit 2 and held to extend from the ground surface. At this time, as shown in Figure 18, approximately half of the axial length of the connecting pipe 4 is inserted into the annular member insertion groove 10b of the main body housing 10. Figure 18 is a cross-sectional view of the disaster detection device to illustrate the mounting of the main body unit and the pole unit.

[0116] Approximately half of the connecting pipe 4 protrudes from the surface portion 10a of the main housing 10. Then, as shown in Figure 19, the pole base 41 of the pole unit 3 is inserted into the connecting pipe 4, which protrudes approximately half from the surface portion 10a. Figure 19 is a cross-sectional view of the disaster detection device showing the pole unit attached to the main unit.

[0117] In other words, the connecting pipe 4 is a holding part that holds the pole unit 3 along its longitudinal axis so that it is erected on the main unit 2, and constitutes a connecting part, thus forming a support mechanism that supports the pole unit 3. In this state, the pole unit 3 is mounted in a steady position on the main unit 2 with the pole base 41 at its base supported by the connecting pipe 4.

[0118] At this time, the bottom surface 41b of the pole base 41 is in surface contact with the convex curved surface portion 10a of the main housing 10. In this state, the permanent magnet 24 housed in the cylindrical portion 22b of the substrate case 21 of the main housing 10 is magnetically attracted to the magnetic attraction member 45 of the pole base 41 by its own magnetic force.

[0119] The magnetic attraction member 45 is positioned opposite the cover plate 23 that closes the opening of the magnet housing portion 22c of the cylindrical portion 22b. As a result, the permanent magnet 24 in the magnet housing portion 22c is attracted to the magnetic attraction member 45 by its own magnetic force. In other words, the position of the magnetic attraction member 45 opposite the cover plate 23 is its initial (permanent) position.

[0120] The permanent magnet 24 is then held in place by attraction to the first position, which is the initial (permanent) position in contact with the cover plate 23. That is, the permanent magnet 24 moves (rises) towards the magnet attraction member 45, which is located near the first position within the magnet housing portion 22c provided in the cylindrical portion 22b of the substrate case 21.

[0121] Furthermore, the pole base 41 has an outer diameter that is approximately the same as or slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the connecting pipe 4. Also, the pole base 41 has a length (height) that is approximately half the length of the connecting pipe 4.

[0122] Therefore, the pole unit 3 is mounted on the main housing 10 with the outer surface of the pole base 41 substantially covered by the connecting pipe 4. In this way, the disaster detection device 1 is constructed mounted on the main housing 10 with the pole unit 3 inserted and held in place by the connecting pipe 4.

[0123] As shown in Figure 20, the disaster detection device 1, configured as described above, has the female threaded portion 11j of the substrate unit housing 11 screwed into the male threaded portion 7 of the base anchor unit 5. In this way, the disaster detection device 1 is connected to the base anchor unit 5. The form of the base anchor unit 5 is not particularly limited, and various conventionally known technologies can be used. Figure 20 is a perspective cross-sectional view of one side of the disaster detection device mounted on the base anchor unit.

[0124] Generally, conventional detection devices are placed on the mobility access area side of the protective fence. However, as shown in Figures 21 and 22, for example, multiple disaster detection devices 1 of this embodiment are lined up on steep slopes 102 such as cliffs and embankments, where mountain disaster risk areas are designated. Figure 21 is a perspective view showing multiple disaster detection devices lined up on a steep slope beside a road, and Figure 22 is a cross-sectional view showing disaster detection devices installed on a steep slope beside a road.

[0125] Here, the slope 102 is an example of a cliff, embankment, etc., that exists along the route 101, which includes the track on which the rails of the mobility railway vehicle 100 are laid. A protective fence 103 is installed along the side of the route 101.

[0126] Multiple disaster detection devices 1 have their main units 2 partially or entirely buried in the ground on the slope 102. Each disaster detection device 1 is placed side by side on the slope 102 at predetermined intervals, for example, 20 cm to 50 cm apart, so as to be roughly parallel to the route 101. That is, each disaster detection device 1 has its pole base 41 of the pole unit 3 partially or entirely buried in the ground together with the main unit 2, and the poles 42 are arranged in a row so that they are standing on the ground surface.

[0127] The installation interval of each disaster detection device 1 is set appropriately according to parameters such as the type and frequency of disasters occurring in the region, the slope angle and shape of the slope 102, or the ground, geology, grain size, and the size and estimated weight of certain rockfalls that may occur in the slope 102.

[0128] Furthermore, the height H of the pole 42 from the ground surface at the installation site is set such that the straight-line distance between the tip of the pole 42 of the pole unit 3 and the slope 102 in the vertical direction is greater than or equal to a predetermined distance L. For example, if the distance L is set to be 2.0m or more, and the slope of the slope 102 is 30°, the height H of the pole 42 from the ground surface at the installation site will be set to approximately 2.3m (H ≈ 2.0m / √3 × 2) or more. In other words, the pole 42 is set with respect to the slope of the slope 102, which is the ground surface at the installation site, with respect to a predetermined height H.

[0129] Here, each disaster detection device 1 is shown as being installed on a slope 102 such as a cliff or embankment located near the railway line 101 of a railway vehicle 100. Alternatively, each disaster detection device 1 may be installed on a slope 102 near a sidewalk used by people, a road used by various forms of mobility such as bicycles and automobiles, various facilities, or private homes.

[0130] As shown in Figures 23 to 26, the disaster detection device 1 detects, for example, when a rockfall phenomenon, which is a natural disaster, occurs, causing rock fragments 105 and 106, which are influencing factors and disaster-causing objects in this case, to fall down the slope 102 and collide with the pole unit 3.

[0131] Figure 23 shows a rockfall caused by a boulder on a steep slope where a disaster detection device is installed; Figure 24 shows a rock boulder colliding with the pole unit of the disaster detection device; Figure 25 shows the connecting pipe being damaged by a rock boulder that collided with the pole unit of the disaster detection device; and Figure 26 shows the pole unit of the disaster detection device detached from the main unit.

[0132] Rockfall phenomena include natural phenomena in which discontinuities in bedrock (fractures such as joints, foliation, and bedding that develop within the bedrock) expand, causing rocks and gravel to break off, and rocks and gravel from surface sediments, volcanic ejecta, and loosely consolidated sand and gravel layers to become exposed to the surface and fall down slopes, causing disasters.

[0133] Furthermore, factors that contribute to natural disasters include dust flows, mudslides, debris flows, pyroclastic flows, lava flows, tsunamis, floods, avalanches, rockfalls, fallen trees, driftwood, landslides, rockfalls, liquid flows, sandy flows, and boulder fields.

[0134] The disaster detection device 1 is affected when a predetermined amount of impact (kinetic) energy E (impact load N) is applied to the pole unit 3 by the collision of rock fragments 105 and 106, causing it to be displaced and / or deformed from its initial position. Consequently, the shape of the connecting pipe 4 into which the pole unit 3 is inserted and held changes due to deformation, fracture, damage, etc. In other words, the connecting pipe 4 is a part that changes shape when the pole unit 3 is displaced and / or deformed, and constitutes a detection means (detection member) that can detect influencing factors causing natural disasters in real time in the disaster detection device 1.

[0135] The connecting pipe 4 in this configuration is designed to deform, fracture, or break when an external force of impact energy E of, for example, 1 kJ or more is applied to the pole unit 3. However, the impact energy E at which the connecting pipe 4 deforms, fractures, or breaks is not limited to 1 kJ or more; for example, influencing factors such as rock fragments 105 and 106 may be set to a value exceeding the set load capacity of the protective fence 103.

[0136] Furthermore, the connecting pipe 4 may have its rigidity adjusted according to the influencing factors that are the object being detected, by selecting its material and changing its shape (width, thickness, height, punch formation, etc.), thereby appropriately changing how easily its shape is altered, such as by deformation, fracture, or damage. In addition, the connecting pipe 4 is set to have sufficient rigidity and strength to withstand strong winds of up to 60 m / s, for example, without deformation, fracture, or damage, even when the pole unit 3 is hit by such winds.

[0137] When the shape of the connecting pipe 4 changes due to deformation, breakage, damage, etc., the pole unit 3 detaches from the main unit 2, as shown in Figure 27. Figure 27 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the disaster detection device in a state where the pole unit has detached from the main unit.

[0138] At this time, the disaster detection device 1 detects that the pole base 41 of the pole unit 3 is displaced and / or deformed from its initial position, causing it to lose connection with the main unit 2. Then, the disaster detection device 1 detects that the pole base 41 and the main unit 2 are separated.

[0139] When the disaster detection device 1 moves away from the main unit 2 on the pole base 41, the magnetic effect from the permanent magnet 24 on the circuit board unit 20 to the magnetic attraction member 45 decreases or disappears. As a result, the magnetic attraction force of the permanent magnet 24 towards the magnetic attraction member 45 decreases.

[0140] As a result, the permanent magnet 24 moves (falls) by gravity towards the bottom wall 22d within the magnet housing 22c of the cylindrical portion 22b. The permanent magnet 24 comes into contact with the bottom wall 22d of the magnet housing 22c and comes to rest in the second position.

[0141] In other words, the permanent magnet 24 falls from its initial (permanent) position, which is the first position, in contact with the cover plate 23 that closes the magnet housing 22c, toward the second position, and its movement is restricted when it comes into contact with the bottom wall 22d.

[0142] Therefore, the permanent magnet 24 is positioned close to the magnetic sensor 25d of the substrate unit 20 located near the second position. Consequently, the permanent magnet 24 strengthens the external magnetic field near the magnetic sensor 25d. In this case, a normally open reed switch is used for the magnetic sensor 25d.

[0143] In other words, the magnetic sensor 25d, which is a reed switch, makes contact and conducts electricity when its two reed blades move from an open to a closed position due to the magnetic force from the permanent magnet 24. As a result, the disaster detection device 1 switches from OFF to ON as the magnetic sensor 25d is activated. Consequently, the electronic circuit of the circuit board unit 20 of the disaster detection device 1 is switched from an open state to a closed state. Therefore, the permanent magnet 24 constitutes a switching member that switches the magnetic sensor 25d from OFF to ON.

[0144] In this way, the disaster detection device 1 experiences a decrease or elimination of the attractive force of the permanent magnet 24, which is attracted to the magnetic attraction member 45, due to the displacement of the magnetic attraction member 45. As a result, the magnet moves (falls) in a direction closer to the magnetic sensor 25d, and the magnetic sensor 25d is switched on without any power.

[0145] Therefore, when the magnetic sensor 25d switches on the disaster detection device 1, the electronic circuit provided on the circuit board unit 20 is closed, and current flows from the power storage means, such as the built-in battery, which is the power storage unit, to each electrical component. In other words, the disaster detection device 1 of this embodiment has a detection switch mechanism.

[0146] When the magnetic sensor 25d of the disaster detection device 1 is switched on, it wirelessly transmits disaster detection information and individual ID information from the transmitting antenna 33 of the antenna unit 30. The individual ID information is a unique identification ID information assigned to each individual disaster detection device 1 and is linked to the installation location information. Therefore, the installation location of each disaster detection device 1 can be identified based on the individual ID information.

[0147] The disaster detection information and individual ID information transmitted from the disaster detection device 1 are received by a receiving device (not shown). Multiple receiving devices are installed within a predetermined communication range capable of receiving individual ID information from the disaster detection device 1. Furthermore, the communication distance over which the disaster detection device 1 wirelessly transmits information to an external receiving device via the transmitting antenna 33 is set to approximately several meters to several tens of kilometers.

[0148] The disaster detection information received by the receiving device and the individual ID information of disaster detection device 1 are transmitted to, for example, the operation management system of a CTC (Centralized Traffic Control) center (neither of which is shown). The operation management system identifies the location of the natural disaster, in this case a rockfall caused by rock fragments 105 and 106, from the disaster detection information transmitted from disaster detection device 1, and from the individual ID information of disaster detection device 1.

[0149] The operation management system then sends an emergency stop signal to each railway vehicle 100 running on Route 101 in the area where the identified natural disaster, in this case a rockfall, has occurred, and switches each train signal on Route 101 to "stop," such as red.

[0150] Furthermore, the operation management system is wirelessly connected to multiple receiving devices and notifies the CTC center's centralized management monitor, etc., by displaying information about the location of natural disasters, such as rockfalls, collected from disaster detection device 1 via the receiving devices, so that it can be visually recognized. In addition to displaying information in a visually recognizable way, the operation management system may also emit an alarm sound, for example, to make it audible.

[0151] As described above, the disaster detection device 1 of this embodiment can reliably detect the occurrence of a natural disaster when influencing factors such as rock fragments 105 and 106 directly collide with the pole unit 3, causing the pole unit 3 to separate from the main unit 2.

[0152] Furthermore, by arranging multiple disaster detection devices 1 in a row at predetermined intervals of, for example, 20 cm to 50 cm, rock fragments 105 and 106, which are influencing factors causing natural disasters such as rockfalls, will not pass through the pole units 3 but will reliably collide with the pole units 3. In other words, the disaster detection device 1 can reliably detect the occurrence of natural disasters such as rockfalls if the diameter size of the rock fragments 105 and 106 causing the natural disaster is 50 cm or more.

[0153] In this way, the disaster detection device 1 quickly detects the occurrence of a natural disaster caused by the influencing factors of a rockfall phenomenon and issues (transmits) disaster detection information and individual ID information. Therefore, the disaster detection device 1 can prevent the occurrence of severe damage to the railway vehicle 100 running on the line 101.

[0154] As a result, the disaster detection device 1 can detect that there is a risk that rock fragments 105 and 106 caused by the rockfall phenomenon may enter the vehicle clearance area of ​​the line 101, thereby preventing a rockfall accident involving the railway vehicle 100. It should be noted that the rock fragments 105 and 106, and other influencing factors, are intrusion factors that could cause a serious accident if they enter the vehicle clearance area.

[0155] Furthermore, by installing the disaster detection device 1 on slopes 102 near sidewalks, roads, various facilities, and private homes in areas designated as mountain disaster risk zones, it is possible to prevent significant damage to human lives, vehicles, etc.

[0156] In the above description, the disaster detection device 1 was used as an example to illustrate the detection of rockfall phenomena in mountainous disaster-prone areas. However, it is not limited to this and can also be applied to the detection of natural disasters in disaster-prone areas where there is a risk of influencing factors such as sandstorms, sediment flows, debris flows, pyroclastic flows, lava flows, tsunamis, floods, avalanches, rockfalls, fallen trees, driftwood, landslides, rockfalls, liquid flows, sandy flows, and groups of pebbles occurring.

[0157] Disaster detection device 1 can also be applied to disaster systems that, when various natural disasters are detected, control traffic signals to switch to red, activate sirens and other alarms, and notify drivers of bicycles and cars, pedestrians, facility users, facility staff, residents, etc.

[0158] Furthermore, the disaster detection device 1 is equipped with a detection switch mechanism that operates without power, enabling low power consumption. As a result, it can be powered solely by a built-in battery or other energy storage means for extended periods of several decades. In other words, the disaster detection device 1 consumes almost no power (standby) when no natural disaster is detected.

[0159] Therefore, the disaster detection device 1 only requires the installation of an internal battery or other energy storage means for its power supply, eliminating the need for large-scale and unstable power supply equipment such as solar power generation. As a result, the disaster detection device 1 can reduce manufacturing costs compared to conventional technology and can be operated stably without being affected by the effects of day and night, rainy season, falling leaves, snowfall, etc.

[0160] Furthermore, since disaster detection device 1 does not require power supply equipment such as solar power generation, the costs of cleaning, replacing damaged solar panels, and replacing and maintaining ancillary equipment such as storage batteries and power conditioners are eliminated, resulting in a significant reduction in operating costs compared to conventional technology. Of course, it goes without saying that energy harvesting systems such as solar cells, thermoelectric power generation modules, and vibration power generation modules can be used in combination or as standalone components.

[0161] As a result, the detection switch mechanism of this embodiment and the disaster detection device 1 on which this detection switch mechanism is installed have a configuration that can reduce manufacturing costs and operating costs.

[0162] Furthermore, the disaster detection device 1 is designed so that rainwater, sand, mud, fallen leaves, etc., do not easily accumulate on the main housing 10, which has a convex curved surface portion 10a. In addition, when the connecting pipe 4 is destroyed, the bottom surface 41b of the pole base 41 of the pole unit 3 slides smoothly along the surface portion 10a and detaches. As a result, the disaster detection device 1 can be destroyed in a way that allows the main unit 2 to be reused without damaging the lid 12 and the ring body 13.

[0163] (Second embodiment) The following describes in detail the disaster detection device 1 according to the second embodiment of the present invention. This is a modified configuration of the easily damaged part, which is a changeable part of the disaster detection device 1. In the following description, only the differences from the first embodiment described above will be mainly explained. For this reason, the same reference numerals are used for components that are the same as in the first embodiment, and detailed descriptions of those components are omitted as appropriate.

[0164] The easily damaged (weak) part, which is the variable part, is composed of a plurality of pin members 47, in this case six, that are provided to protrude from the bottom surface 46b of the concave curved surface of the disc-shaped pole base 46, as shown in Figures 28 and 29. Figure 28 is an exploded perspective view partially showing the configuration of the main housing and pole unit to explain the variable part, and Figure 29 is a perspective view partially showing the bottom surface of the pole unit to explain the variable part.

[0165] The pole base 46 has a fitting projection 46a with a circular cross-section that protrudes from a flat surface. One end of the pole 42 of the pole unit 3 fits into the fitting projection 46a of the pole base 46. In other words, the pole base 46 constitutes the base of the pole unit 3 provided at one end of the pole 42.

[0166] The pole base 46 has a cylindrical or rectangular recess 46c formed approximately in the center of its bottom surface 46b. A cylindrical or rectangular magnetic attraction member 45, corresponding to the shape of the recess 46c, is fixed to the recess 46c by press-fitting or the like. The magnetic attraction member 45 may be fixed to the recess 46c by various means such as adhesive or screw fastening.

[0167] The six pin members 47 are roughly cylindrical in shape and are made of a metal having a certain level of strength and rigidity. Each pin member 47 is provided at approximately equal intervals around the center of the pole base 46. As shown in Figure 30, each pin member 47 is pressed into each of the six holes 46d drilled in the pole base 46 and fixed to the pole base 46.

[0168] The main body housing 10 of the main unit 2 has six pin receivers 17 that are drilled in a recessed shape from the planar side of the lid body 16a of the lid 16. Each pin receiver 17 has a cylindrical shape with a hole diameter that is approximately the same as or slightly larger than the diameter of the pin member 47. The lid 16 also has a hole 16b through which the cylindrical portion 22b of the substrate case 21 is inserted.

[0169] Furthermore, the lid 16 has a female screw portion 16c formed on the inner circumferential surface of its bottom side. The female screw portion 16c of the lid 16 is screwed into the male screw ring 11c of the substrate unit housing 11. In this way, the lid 16 is fixed to the substrate unit housing 11. The flat portion of the lid 16 constitutes the convex curved surface portion 10a of the main housing 10.

[0170] As shown in Figures 30 and 31, the pole unit 3 is attached to the main body housing 10 of the main body unit 2 by inserting each pin member 47 into the pin receiver 17. Figure 30 is a cross-sectional view of the disaster detection device to illustrate the attachment of the main body unit and the pole unit, and Figure 31 is a cross-sectional view of the disaster detection device showing the state in which the pole unit is attached to the main body unit.

[0171] Thus, in this disaster detection device 1, each pin member 47 of the pole base 46 is inserted into the pin receiver 17, and the pole unit 3 is attached and held in the main body housing 10. That is, each pin member 47 constitutes a connecting part that holds the pole unit 3 upright in the main body housing 10 of the main body unit 2, and also serves as a support mechanism that supports the pole unit 3. In this state, the pole unit 3 is attached to the main body unit 2 in a steady position with the base pole base 46 supported by each pin member 47.

[0172] Furthermore, similar to the embodiment described above, the pole base 46 has a concave curved bottom surface 46b that is in surface contact with the convex curved surface surface 10a of the lid 16 on the main housing 10.

[0173] In this state, the permanent magnet 24 is magnetically attracted to the magnet attracting member 45 by its own magnetic force. Here again, the magnet attracting member 45 is positioned opposite the cover plate 23 that closes the opening of the magnet housing portion 22c of the cylindrical portion 22b.

[0174] Therefore, the permanent magnet 24 in the magnet housing section 22c is attracted to the magnetic attraction member 45 by its own magnetic force and comes into contact with the cover plate 23, becoming attached. In other words, the permanent magnet 24 moves (rises) towards the magnetic attraction member 45 within the magnet housing section 22c of the cylindrical section 22b of the substrate case 21.

[0175] When a predetermined amount of collision (kinetic) energy E is applied to the pole unit 3 by a collision with rock fragments 105, 106, etc., the disaster detection device 1 changes shape as shown in Figure 32, by deforming, fracturing, breaking, etc., of each pin member 47 of the pole unit 3 inserted into the pin receiver 17. In other words, each pin member 47 is a deformable part whose shape changes when the pole unit 3 is displaced and / or deformed, and constitutes a detection means (detection member) that can detect influencing factors causing natural disasters in real time in the disaster detection device 1.

[0176] Each pin member 47 here is also set so that when an external force of impact energy E of, for example, 1 kJ or more is applied to the pole unit 3, cracks or the like occur, causing deformation, fracture, or damage to its shape. However, the impact energy E at which the shape of each pin receiver 17 is altered by fracture, damage, etc., is not limited to 1 kJ or more; for example, influencing factors such as rock fragments 105 and 106 may be set to a value that exceeds the set load capacity of the protective fence 103.

[0177] Furthermore, by selecting the material and changing the shape (width, thickness, height, punch formation, etc.) of each pin member 47, the rigidity can be adjusted according to the influencing factor of the object being detected, thereby appropriately changing its susceptibility to deformation, fracture, breakage, etc. In addition, each pin member 47 is set to have sufficient rigidity to withstand strong winds of up to 60 m / s on the pole unit 3, for example, so that its shape does not change, fracture, or break.

[0178] In this embodiment of the disaster detection device 1, when the pole base 41 of the pole unit 3 is disconnected from the main unit 2, the permanent magnet 24 moves by gravity (falls) and approaches the magnetic sensor 25d side of the circuit board unit 20. Then, the magnetic force from the permanent magnet 24 activates the magnetic sensor 25d, switching it from OFF to ON, and the disaster detection device 1 is activated.

[0179] Therefore, the disaster detection device 1 has the same effects as the first embodiment. That is, when the magnetic sensor 25d is switched on, the disaster detection device 1 wirelessly transmits disaster detection information and individual ID information from the transmitting antenna 33 of the antenna unit 30, enabling it to quickly detect the occurrence of natural disasters caused by influencing factors such as rockfalls.

[0180] (Third embodiment) The following describes in detail a disaster detection device 1 according to a third embodiment of the present invention. This is an example of another form of the disaster detection device 1. In the following description, only the differences from the first or second embodiment described above will be mainly explained. For this reason, the same reference numerals are used for components that are the same as those in the first or second embodiment, and detailed descriptions of those components are omitted as appropriate.

[0181] In this embodiment of the disaster detection device 1, the main body housing 10 differs from the first or second embodiment described above in the form of a part of the substrate unit housing 11 and the lid 12, as shown in Figures 33 and 34. Figure 33 is an exploded perspective view showing the configuration of the main body housing, and Figure 34 is an exploded cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the main body housing.

[0182] The substrate unit housing 11 of the main housing 10 has a protrusion 11m that extends from a part of the outer circumference of the main body 11a. A recessed notch 11h is formed in this protrusion 11m. The substrate unit housing 11 has a cable insertion hole 11n drilled in the radially inner wall surface of the recessed notch 11h.

[0183] The cable insertion hole 11n communicates with the board unit mounting section 11d. An antenna cable 34 is inserted and positioned through the cable insertion hole 11n. Each wall surface 11o of the two stepped sections 11g formed on the main body 11a is a sloped surface having a predetermined angle of gradient that widens from the flat surface towards the bottom surface.

[0184] The lid 12 of the main housing 10 has a hexagonal hole 12h that opens into the plane of the cylindrical portion 12c. The hexagonal hole 12h can be configured to communicate with a through hole 12e. A hexagonal wrench (not shown) used to fasten the lid 12 to the substrate unit housing 11 is inserted into the hexagonal hole 12h.

[0185] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the main housing 10 consists of a substrate unit housing 11 and a lid 12 formed from GFRP (glass fiber reinforced plastic) and / or CFRP (carbon fiber reinforced plastic), but it may also be made of a non-metallic material such as metal or resin having predetermined strength and rigidity. Note that the other components of the main housing 10 are the same as those in the first or second embodiment.

[0186] As shown in Figures 35 to 37, the substrate unit 20 of this embodiment differs in the shape of the case cover 22 from that of the first or second embodiment described above. Figure 35 is an exploded perspective view showing the configuration of the substrate unit, Figure 36 is a perspective view showing the configuration of the substrate unit, and Figure 37 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the substrate unit.

[0187] In this case cover 22, the magnet housing portion 22c within the cylindrical portion 22b is open at the bottom. That is, the cylindrical portion 22b has a flat portion 22f which forms the top surface that is closed. In other words, the magnet housing portion 22c is a roughly cylindrical or frustoconical space that is closed by the end face 22g on the flat side and has an open bottom.

[0188] Thus, unlike the first or second embodiment described above, the case cover 22 here does not have an opening in the flat portion 22f of the cylindrical portion 22b, and is not configured to close the opening and be covered by the lid plate 23. Therefore, the substrate unit 20 is reliably airtight and watertight on the flat side of the case cover 22.

[0189] Furthermore, after the permanent magnet 24 is placed in the magnet housing section 22c, a bottom cover member 29 is attached to the case cover 22 to close the bottom opening of the magnet housing section 22c. The bottom cover member 29 has a disc shape with a roughly U-shaped cross-section.

[0190] The bottom cover member 29 is fixed to the case cover 22 by adhesive, welding, or the like. The permanent magnet 24 in the magnet housing 22c is restricted from moving towards the bottom by abutting against the bottom cover member 29.

[0191] In this embodiment, the substrate unit 20 is shown with only one rigid substrate 25a, but it is not limited to this configuration, and may include two or more rigid substrates 25a, 25b, similar to the first or second embodiment described above.

[0192] Furthermore, in this substrate unit 20, the substrate case 21 and case cover 22 are formed from GFRP (glass fiber reinforced plastic) and / or CFRP (carbon fiber reinforced plastic), but they may also be made of non-metallic materials such as metal and / or resin that have predetermined strength and rigidity. Note that the other components of the substrate unit 20 are the same as in the first or second embodiment.

[0193] As shown in Figures 38 and 39, the antenna unit 30 of this embodiment differs from the first or second embodiment described above in the form of the antenna case 31 and antenna cover 32. Figure 38 is an exploded perspective view showing the configuration of the antenna unit, and Figure 39 is an exploded cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the antenna unit.

[0194] The antenna case 31 of this embodiment has a male screw portion 31m engraved on the peripheral edge of the flat side of the case body 31a. The case body 31a has an inner diameter tapered shape, where the inner peripheral portion 31n of the flat side edge is formed to taper toward the bottom surface at a predetermined angle.

[0195] The case body 31a has a protruding piece 35p that extends from a portion of it toward the bottom. The protruding piece 35p has a shape substantially similar to the recessed notch 11h of the substrate unit housing 11. The protruding piece 35p fits into the notch 11h when the case body 31a is mounted onto the substrate unit housing 11.

[0196] As a result, the antenna unit 30 is mounted to the substrate unit housing 11 of the main housing 10 with its protruding piece 35p fitted into the notch 11h, thereby restricting the rotation of the case body 31a around its axis. In other words, the protruding piece 35p and the notch 11h constitute a rotation-preventing mechanism for the case body 31a relative to the substrate unit housing 11.

[0197] Furthermore, the case body 31a has the clamped piece 31c positioned at its bottom end. The clamped piece 31c has an inner surface 31o that is sloped at a predetermined angle, widening from a flat surface towards the bottom.

[0198] The antenna cover 32 of this embodiment has a substantially cylindrical inner tube portion 32j that protrudes from the flat surface to the bottom surface along the opening 32c on the cover body 32a. The inner tube portion 32j has an outer diameter tapered shape in which the outer circumferential surface 32h and inner circumferential surface 32g facing the female screw portion 32e are formed to taper toward the bottom surface at a predetermined angle.

[0199] The cover body 32a has a female screw portion 32e engraved on the inner circumference of its flat side. The antenna cover 32 is attached and fixed to the antenna case 31 by screwing the female screw portion 32e into the male screw portion 31m of the case body 31a.

[0200] Furthermore, in this antenna unit 30, the antenna case 31 and antenna cover 32 are formed from GFRP (glass fiber reinforced plastic) and / or CFRP (carbon fiber reinforced plastic), but they may also be made of non-metallic materials such as metal and / or resin that have predetermined strength and rigidity. Note that the other components of the antenna unit 30 are the same as in the first or second embodiment.

[0201] As described above, the main unit 2 of this embodiment, which consists of the main housing 10, the circuit board unit 20, and the antenna unit 30, is first assembled to the circuit board unit 20 in the circuit board unit mounting section 11d of the circuit board unit housing 11, as shown in Figures 40 and 41.

[0202] Figure 40 is an exploded perspective view showing the state before the circuit board unit is mounted in the circuit board unit housing, and Figure 41 is an exploded cross-sectional view showing the state before the circuit board unit is mounted in the circuit board unit housing.

[0203] At this time, the substrate unit 20 is installed in the substrate unit installation section 11d such that the side wall portion 21b faces the protrusion portion 11m of the substrate unit housing 11. At this time, each engaging protrusion 21g provided on the bottom surface of the substrate unit 20 engages with each engaging recess 11k of the bottom wall surface 11l of the substrate unit installation section 11d.

[0204] In this state, the orientation of the hole 21d drilled in the side wall portion 21b of the substrate unit 20 is approximately the same as the hole 11i drilled in the notch 11h of the substrate unit housing 11.

[0205] Next, as shown in Figures 42 and 43, the antenna case 31 of the antenna unit 30 is assembled to the substrate unit housing 11. Figure 42 is an exploded perspective view showing the state before the antenna case is attached to the substrate unit housing, and Figure 43 is an exploded cross-sectional view showing the state before the antenna case is attached to the substrate unit housing.

[0206] The antenna case 31 has a protruding piece 35p that fits into a notch 11h of the substrate unit housing 11, and each clamped piece 31c is fitted into each stepped portion 11g of the substrate unit housing 11. At this time, the inner surface 31o of each clamped piece 31c is in surface contact with the wall surface 11o that forms each stepped portion 11g. That is, the inner surface 31o and the wall surface 11o are set to have approximately the same predetermined gradient angle.

[0207] Then, as shown in Figures 44 and 45, the cover 12 is introduced into the fitting hole 31b of the antenna case 31 and assembled to the substrate unit housing 11. Figure 44 is an exploded perspective view showing the state before the cover is attached to the substrate unit housing, and Figure 45 is an exploded cross-sectional view showing the state before the cover is attached to the substrate unit housing.

[0208] The cover 12 is screwed into the screw groove 11f of the substrate unit housing 11 by the female screw portion 12g and tightened by a hexagonal wrench (not shown) of a tightening tool inserted into the hexagonal hole 12h. Thereby, the cover 12 is screwed onto the substrate unit housing 11.

[0209] In this state, the bottom surface 12j of the cover 12 presses each sandwiched piece 31c of the antenna case 31. Therefore, each sandwiched piece 31c is sandwiched between the bottom surface 12j of the cover 12 and the stepped portion 11g of the substrate unit housing 11.

[0210] In addition, the antenna case 31 is pressed against the wall surface 11o having an outer diameter taper shape that forms each stepped portion 11g with which the inner side surfaces 31o having an inner diameter taper shape of each sandwiched piece 31c are in surface contact. Therefore, the antenna case 31 is firmly fixed in a state of pressing the substrate unit housing 11.

[0211] Further, the inner bottom surface 12k of the cover 12 is in close contact with the O-ring 14 of the substrate unit housing 11. Furthermore, the cover 12 is in close contact with the V-packing 26 of the substrate unit 20. Thereby, the joint surfaces of the cover 12 with the substrate unit housing 11 and the substrate unit 20 are kept airtight and / or at least watertight.

[0212] Next, as shown in FIGS. 46 and 47, the antenna cover 32 is assembled to the antenna case 31. FIG. 46 is an exploded perspective view showing a state before the antenna cover is attached to the antenna case, and FIG. 47 is an exploded cross-sectional view showing a state before the antenna cover is attached to the antenna case.

[0213] The antenna cover 32 is put on the antenna case 31, and the female screw portion 32e is screwed and tightened onto the male screw portion 31m of the case body 31a.

[0214] Thereby, as shown in FIGS. 48 and 49, the antenna cover 32 is screwed onto the antenna case 31. FIG. 48 is a perspective view showing a state where the antenna cover is attached to the antenna case, and FIG. 49 is a cross-sectional view showing a state where the antenna cover is attached to the antenna case.

[0215] In this state, the antenna cover 32 is pressed against the inner circumference 31n of the antenna case 31, which has an inner diameter tapered outer surface 32h that makes surface contact with it. That is, the outer surface 32h and the inner circumference 31n of the edge are set to have approximately the same predetermined taper angle.

[0216] Furthermore, the bottom surface 32f of the inner cylinder portion 32j of the antenna cover 32 abuts against and presses against the lid body 12a of the lid 12. As a result, the antenna cover 32 presses against the antenna case 31 and is firmly fixed in place.

[0217] In this way, the main unit 2 of this embodiment is constructed by housing the circuit board unit 20 in the main unit housing 10 and assembling the antenna unit 30 to the main unit housing 10.

[0218] In the main unit 2, a gap 19 is formed between the male screw portion 12d of the lid 12 and the inner circumferential surface 32g of the antenna cover 32. This gap 19 is a roughly ring-shaped circumferential groove in which the male screw portion 12d and the inner circumferential surface 32g face each other at a predetermined distance. The gap 19 is a circumferential groove that is wider on the planar side of the main unit 2 and narrower on the bottom side.

[0219] The main unit 2 is then fitted into the gap 19 and installed so that the pole support members 60, which constitute the easily damaged (weak) parts that are the changeable parts as shown in Figures 50 to 53, are erected. Figure 50 is a perspective view showing the configuration of the pole support members, Figure 51 is a plan view showing the configuration of the pole support members, Figure 52 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the pole support members, and Figure 53 is a bottom view showing the configuration of the pole support members.

[0220] The pole support member 60, which is attached to the main unit 2, is a support mechanism that supports the base of the pole 2 of the pole unit 3 so that it is externally fitted and stands upright on the plane of the main unit 2. The pole support member 60 also constitutes a detection means (detection member) that can detect influencing factors causing natural disasters in the disaster detection device 1 in real time.

[0221] More specifically, as shown in Figures 50 to 53, the pole support member 60 has an outer shape that is roughly columnar, with a bottle-like shape, and includes a widened base portion 61 which is the waist on the bottom side and a cylindrical portion 62 which is the neck on the flat side. A hyperbolic widened portion 63 is formed in the middle section from the shoulder portion to the body between the widened base portion 61 and the cylindrical portion 62. In other words, the pole support member 60 has a shape in which the diameter gradually widens from the cylindrical portion 62 to the widened portion 63, with the widened base portion 61 being formed to be the largest in diameter.

[0222] The enlarged base portion 61 is a substantially cylindrical body with an opening at the bottom. The enlarged base portion 61 has a female threaded portion 61a engraved on its inner circumferential surface (see Figure 52). The enlarged base portion 61 has a recessed portion 61b formed on the flat side of the female threaded portion 61a. The enlarged base portion 61 has an outer diameter tapered shape, with its outer circumferential surface 61c tapering toward the bottom surface at a predetermined angle.

[0223] The cylindrical portion 62 is a double-walled cylinder having an inner cylindrical portion 62a in order to reduce the weight of the pole support member 60. The cylindrical portion 62 has a plurality of longitudinal ribs 62b extending radially from the inner cylindrical portion 62a at approximately equal intervals; in this case, eight longitudinal ribs 62b. The cylindrical portion 62 has a plurality of through holes 62d inside, each separated by the longitudinal ribs 62b, with opposite sides having an arc-shaped, approximately trapezoidal cross-section; in this case, eight through holes 62d.

[0224] The widened section 63 has a concave outer surface so as to distribute the stress generated when a collision (kinetic) energy E exceeding a predetermined amount is applied to the pole unit 3 due to the collision of influencing factors such as rock fragments 105 and 106.

[0225] In order to reduce weight, the pole support member 60 configured in this way is made of a multi-hole tube in which the cylindrical portion 62 has one through-hole 62c and eight through-holes 62d in the inner cylindrical portion 62a. Note that the number of vertical ribs 62b and through-holes 62d is not limited to eight, and the number of each may be set so that the cylindrical portion 62 can obtain the required predetermined rigidity.

[0226] Furthermore, the diameter and wall thickness of the inner cylinder portion 62a, the wall thickness of each longitudinal rib 62b, and the size of each through hole 62d may also be appropriately set so that the cylindrical portion 62 can obtain the required predetermined rigidity.

[0227] Furthermore, the cylindrical portion 62 has reinforcing transverse ribs 64 perpendicular to the longitudinal axis in the middle section to obtain a predetermined rigidity. The transverse ribs 64 are arranged to close the bottom side of the eight through holes 62d. Here, the transverse ribs 64 are provided at approximately the boundary between the cylindrical portion 62 and the widened portion 63.

[0228] The inner cylindrical portion 62a extends to the female threaded portion 61a side of the widened base portion 61. This inner cylindrical portion 62a has multiple reinforcing ribs 64a, in this case eight, connected to the outer circumference from the transverse rib 64. Each reinforcing rib 64a is mainly provided inside the widened portion 63 extending from the widened base portion 61 to the cylindrical portion 62. In addition, each reinforcing rib 64a extends radially from the inner cylindrical portion 62a at approximately equal intervals.

[0229] To reduce weight, the pole support member 60 has multiple recessed sections 64b within the widened section 63, each separated by a reinforcing rib 64a; in this case, eight recessed sections 64b. Each reinforcing rib 64a has a shape that tapers towards the bottom from the outer diameter side of the cylindrical section 62 towards the inner cylindrical section 62a.

[0230] Furthermore, the number of reinforcing ribs 64a and recessed portions 64b is not limited to eight; the number of each may be set so that the widened portion 63 from the widened base portion 61 to the cylindrical portion 62 has the necessary predetermined rigidity. In addition, the diameter and wall thickness of the inner cylindrical portion 62a, the wall thickness of each longitudinal rib 62b, and the size of each through hole 62d may also be set appropriately so that the widened portion 63 from the widened base portion 61 to the cylindrical portion 62 has the necessary predetermined rigidity.

[0231] The inner cylinder portion 62a has cylindrical ferromagnetic material holding portions 65 attached to the ends that extend towards the bottom from each reinforcing rib 64a (see Figure 52). A magnet attracting member 66 is provided at the bottom of the ferromagnetic material holding portion 65. The magnet attracting member 66 is fixed to the ferromagnetic material holding portion 65 by various joining methods such as screw fixing, press-fitting, and insert molding.

[0232] The magnet attracting member 66 of the present embodiment is also a block formed of a magnetic material (ferromagnetic material) such as iron, chromium, cobalt, nickel, gadolinium, etc., or an alloy containing these magnetic materials, similar to the above-described first or second embodiment.

[0233] In addition to the above-described magnetic material, the magnet attracting member 66 may be a ferrite magnet, an alnico magnet, an alloy magnet such as an iron-chromium-cobalt magnet, or a rare earth magnet such as a neodymium magnet or a samarium-cobalt magnet. However, when a permanent magnet is employed, it becomes costly from the viewpoints of precautions regarding its polarity and price, etc., and thus it is preferable to use a ferromagnetic material. In this case, the magnet attracting member 66 can also be integrally formed with the ferromagnetic material holding portion 65.

[0234] As shown in FIGS. 54 and 55, the pole support member 60 configured as described above has the enlarged bottom portion 61 inserted into the gap 19 of the main body unit 2. FIG. 54 is an exploded perspective view showing the state before the pole support member is attached to the main body unit, and FIG. 55 is an exploded cross-sectional view showing the state before the pole support member is attached to the main body unit.

[0235] For the pole support member 60, the female screw portion 61a of the enlarged bottom portion 61 inserted into the gap 19 of the main body unit 2 is screwed into the male screw portion 12d of the lid body 12. Thereby, the pole support member 60 is screwed to the main body unit 2.

[0236] In this state, the pole support member 60 is pressed against the inner peripheral surface 32g having an inner diameter taper shape of the antenna cover 32 where the outer peripheral surface 61c of the enlarged bottom portion 61 having an outer diameter taper shape is in surface contact. That is, substantially the same predetermined taper angle is set for the outer peripheral surface 61c and the inner peripheral surface 32g. Therefore, the pole support member 60 is in a state of pressing the antenna unit 30, and it is possible to perform operations without removing the antenna cover 32 when installing or replacing the pole support member 60, and it is detachably and firmly fixed to the main body unit 2 at least in a watertight state.

[0237] In this way, the pole support member 60 is attached to the main unit 2 such that the cylindrical portion 62 and the widened portion 63 are exposed from the surface of the antenna unit 30, as shown in Figures 56 and 57. Figure 56 is a perspective view showing the state in which the pole support member is attached to the main unit, and Figure 57 is a cross-sectional view showing the state in which the pole support member is attached to the main unit.

[0238] In this state, the permanent magnet 24 housed in the circuit board unit 20 of the main housing 10 is magnetically attracted to the magnetic attraction member 66 of the pole support member 60 by its own magnetic force. At this time, the magnetic attraction member 66 is positioned opposite the end face 22g that closes the planar side of the magnet housing portion 22c of the cylindrical portion 22b (see Figure 57).

[0239] In other words, the permanent magnet 24 in the magnet housing 22c is attracted to the magnet attracting member 66 by its own magnetic force. Therefore, the position of the permanent magnet 24 facing the flat portion 22f of the cylindrical portion 22b becomes the initial (permanent) position of the first position. Then, the permanent magnet 24 is held in a state of attraction to the first position, where its movement is restricted as it abuts against the end face 22g that closes the flat side of the magnet housing 22c.

[0240] In other words, the permanent magnet 24 moves (rises) towards the magnet attracting member 66 which is located near the first position in contact with the end face 22g within the magnet housing portion 22c provided in the cylindrical portion 22b of the substrate case 21.

[0241] As shown in Figures 58 and 59, the pole unit 3 is attached to the main unit 2 by inserting the pole 42 into the cylindrical portion 62 of the pole support member 60. Figure 58 is a perspective view showing the pole unit attached to the main unit, and Figure 59 is a cross-sectional view showing the pole unit attached to the main unit.

[0242] The pole 42 has an inner diameter that is approximately the same as the outer diameter of the cylindrical portion 62 of the pole support member 60. Furthermore, the inner circumferential surface of the base portion of the pole 42, which is the part that is attached to the pole support member 60, has a convex curved surface that is approximately similar to the concave curved outer circumferential surface of the widened portion 63. Therefore, the pole 42 is attached to the pole support member 60 with its inner circumferential surface in surface contact with the outer circumferential surfaces of the cylindrical portion 62 and the widened portion 63.

[0243] Therefore, the pole support member 60 constitutes a connecting part that holds the pole unit 3 upright on the main unit 2. In this state, the pole unit 3 is mounted in a fixed position on the main unit 2 with the base of the pole 42 supported by the pole support member 60.

[0244] The results of analyzing the behavior of the disaster detection device 1 of this embodiment, as described above, using the finite element method (FEM), are explained below.

[0245] First, Figure 60 shows the behavior of the disaster detection device 1 based on FEM analysis when a 100 kg influencing factor S collides with the base of the pole unit 3, applying an impact of 1 kJ. Figure 60 is a diagram showing the finite element method analysis when an influencing factor collides with the base of the pole unit.

[0246] As shown in Figure 60, FEM analysis of the disaster detection device 1 reveals that when influencing factors S such as rock fragments 105 and 106 collide with the base side of pole unit 3, the tilt angle of pole unit 3 increases in the order of initial, mid, and late stages of collision, resulting in a tilted state at the end of the collision (post-collision).

[0247] As shown in Figure 61, in the final stages of the collision, the cylindrical portion 62 of the pole support member 60 deforms in response to the tilting of the pole 42 of the pole unit 3, causing the ferromagnetic material holding portion 65 to be displaced and / or deformed. Then, the widened portion 63 of the pole support member 60 undergoes stretching deformation (such as fracture), and the ferromagnetic material holding portion 65 tilts and moves away from the substrate unit 20. Figure 61 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the disaster detection device 1 in the final stages of the collision as shown in Figure 60.

[0248] At this time, the ferromagnetic material holding portion 65 is induced to tilt by the transverse ribs 64 and each reinforcing rib 64a in accordance with the tilting of the cylindrical portion 62 and the deformation of the widened portion 63, and is displaced and / or deformed in a direction away from the substrate unit 20.

[0249] Furthermore, Figure 62 shows the behavior of the disaster detection device 1 as determined by FEM analysis when a 100 kg influencing factor S collides with the tip side of the pole unit 3, applying an impact of 1 kJ. Figure 62 is a diagram showing the finite element method analysis when an influencing factor collides with the tip side of the pole unit.

[0250] As shown in Figure 62, FEM analysis of the disaster detection device 1 reveals that even when influencing factors such as rock fragments 105 and 106 collide with the tip side of pole unit 3, the pole unit 3 gradually tilts in the order of initial, middle, and late stages of the collision, although not to the same extent as when influencing factor S collided with the base side of pole unit 3. This shows that the pole unit 3 exhibits behavior of tilting to the final (post-collision) state.

[0251] As shown in Figure 63, in the final stages of the collision, the cylindrical portion 62 of the pole support member 60 deforms in response to the tilting of the pole 42 of the pole unit 3, causing the ferromagnetic material holding portion 65 to be displaced and / or deformed. Then, the widened portion 63 of the pole support member 60 undergoes stretching deformation (such as fracture), and the ferromagnetic material holding portion 65 tilts and moves away from the substrate unit 20. Figure 63 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the disaster detection device 1 in the final stages of the collision as shown in Figure 62.

[0252] Here too, the ferromagnetic material holding portion 65 is induced to tilt and displace and / or deform in a direction away from the substrate unit 20 by the transverse ribs 64 and each reinforcing rib 64a in accordance with the tilting of the cylindrical portion 62 and the deformation of the widened portion 63.

[0253] Thus, when a 100 kg influencing factor S collides with the base or tip of the pole unit 3 and an impact of 1 kJ is applied to the disaster detection device 1, the ferromagnetic material holding portion 65 of the pole support member 60 displaces and / or deforms, causing it to move away from the substrate unit 20.

[0254] Furthermore, when the ferromagnetic material holding part 65 moves away from the substrate unit 20, the magnetic effect from the permanent magnet 24 provided on the substrate unit 20 to the magnetic attraction member 66 provided on the ferromagnetic material holding part 65 decreases or disappears. As a result, the magnetic attraction force that the permanent magnet 24 exerts on the magnetic attraction member 66 decreases.

[0255] As a result, the permanent magnet 24 moves (falls) by gravity towards the bottom cover member 29 within the magnet housing portion 22c of the cylindrical portion 22b. The permanent magnet 24 comes into contact with the bottom cover member 29 and comes to rest in the second position. That is, the permanent magnet 24 falls from the initial (permanent) position, which is the first position in contact with the end face 22g of the magnet housing portion 22c, toward the second position, and its movement is restricted when it comes into contact with the bottom cover member 29.

[0256] In this state, the permanent magnet 24 is close to the magnetic sensor 25d of the substrate unit 20, which is located near the second position. As a result, the external magnetic field near the magnetic sensor 25d is strengthened by the permanent magnet 24. Here as in the first and second embodiments, a reed switch is used for the magnetic sensor 25d.

[0257] As a result, the disaster detection device 1 switches from OFF to ON as the magnetic sensor 25d is activated. Consequently, the electronic circuit of the circuit board unit 20 of the disaster detection device 1 switches from an open state to a closed state.

[0258] Thus, in this embodiment of the disaster detection device 1, when the ferromagnetic material holding portion 65 of the pole support member 60 is displaced and / or deformed, the permanent magnet 24 approaches the magnetic sensor 25d of the substrate unit 20. Then, the magnetic force from the permanent magnet 24 activates the magnetic sensor 25d, switching it from OFF to ON, and the disaster detection device 1 is switched on. In other words, the pole support member 60 in this embodiment constitutes a transformable portion whose shape changes when the pole unit 3 is displaced and / or deformed.

[0259] Therefore, the disaster detection device 1 has the same effects as the first and second embodiments. That is, when the magnetic sensor 25d is switched on, the disaster detection device 1 wirelessly transmits disaster detection information and individual ID information from the transmitting antenna 33 of the antenna unit 30, enabling real-time detection of natural disasters caused by influencing factors S such as rockfalls.

[0260] Furthermore, in the disaster detection device 1, the gap 19 between the pole support member 60 and the main unit 2 into which the pole support member 60 is screwed is wider on the planar side than on the bottom side. Therefore, as the disaster detection device 1 unscrews the pole support member 60 after it has been deformed, fractured, or damaged due to the impact of influencing factors S such as rockfall, the gap between the pole support member 60 and the gap 19 increases. As a result, the pole support member 60 becomes easier to remove from the main unit 2.

[0261] Furthermore, Figure 64 shows the behavior of the disaster detection device 1 when a wind load equivalent to a wind speed of 60 m / s is applied to the entire pole unit 3, as determined by FEM analysis. Figure 64 is a diagram showing the finite element method analysis when a wind load equivalent to a wind speed of 60 m / s is applied to the entire pole unit.

[0262] As shown in Figure 64, FEM analysis of the disaster detection device 1 revealed that even when a wind load of 60 m / s was continuously applied to the entire pole unit 3 from the initial, middle, and late stages of the wind load, the pole unit 3 only tilted slightly.

[0263] At this time, as shown in Figure 65, the pole 42 of the pole unit 3 tilts slightly, but the ferromagnetic material holding part 65 does not displace and / or deform substantially. Figure 65 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the disaster detection device 1 in the state in which the wind load of Figure 64 is continuously applied.

[0264] Thus, even when the disaster detection device 1 receives a wind load W corresponding to a wind speed of 60 m / s throughout the pole unit 3, the ferromagnetic body holding portion 65 of the pole support member 60 hardly undergoes displacement and / or deformation. That is, the magnet attracting member 66 hardly displaces from its initial position.

[0265] Therefore, the permanent magnet 24 of the substrate unit 20 is held in a state of being attracted by the magnet attracting member 66 by its own magnetic force. That is, the permanent magnet 24 is adsorbed and held in a first position where it abuts against the end face 22g that closes the plane side of the magnet housing portion 22c and its movement is restricted.

[0266] As a result, the disaster detection device 1 maintains an OFF state without the switch of the magnetic sensor 25d being turned on. That is, the disaster detection device 1 maintains a state in which the electronic circuit of the substrate unit 20 is open.

[0267] Note that the assumed maximum wind load defines the maximum instantaneous wind speed of 60 m / s that the disaster detection device 1 can withstand, which is equivalent to the wind resistance grade 2 of the Building Standards Law. The wind load W used in the FEM analysis is such that the air density ρ is 1.293 kg / m 3 , the wind speed v is 60 m / s, the strut resistance coefficient κ of the pole unit 3 is 0.7, and the projected area A of the pole unit 3 is 0.138 m 2 (=2.3 m × 0.06 m), and it is calculated as 0.225 kN (W = (1 / 2)ρv 2 κA = 0.5 × 1.293 kg / m 3 × 60 2 m 2 / s 2 × 0.7 ×0.138 m 2 ≒ 225 kg·m / s 2 = 0.225 kN).

[0268] Furthermore, the disaster detection device 1 is configured to withstand an assumed maximum seismic load equivalent to seismic resistance grade 3 of the Building Standards Law (1.5 times the earthquake equivalent to the Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake). The maximum acceleration in the southern part of Hyogo Prefecture (measured value) is 818 gal = 8.18 m / s 2 . Therefore, the maximum acceleration is 12.3 m / s 2 (≒ 8.18 m / s 2The calculation assumes a multiplier of 1.5, and uses a single pipe for the 2.3m pole unit 3 (pole 42), with a mass of 5.5kg and a maximum inertial force F of 0.068kN (F = 5.5kg × 12.3m / s²). 2 = 67.7 kg·m / s 2 (≒68N = 0.068kN).

[0269] In other words, the disaster detection device 1 is configured to withstand an earthquake load 1.5 times that of the Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake without collapsing or being damaged.

[0270] Thus, the disaster detection device 1 can prevent false detection of natural disasters because the magnetic sensor 25d does not switch on even when the pole unit 3 is subjected to a wind load W equivalent to a wind speed of 60 m / s, or when it is subjected to a maximum assumed earthquake load equivalent to seismic resistance level 3 under the Building Standards Act.

[0271] (Fourth embodiment) The following describes in detail the disaster detection device 1 according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. This is an example of a different form of the substrate unit 20 in the disaster detection device 1. In the following description, only the differences from the first to third embodiments described above will be mainly explained. For this reason, the same reference numerals are used for components that are the same as in the first to third embodiments, and detailed descriptions of those components are omitted as appropriate.

[0272] In the disaster detection device 1 of this embodiment, the circuit board unit 20 differs in the mechanism for moving the case cover 22 and the permanent magnet 24, as shown in Figures 66 to 68. Figure 66 is an exploded perspective view showing the configuration of the circuit board unit, Figure 67 is a perspective view showing the configuration of the circuit board unit, and Figure 68 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the circuit board unit.

[0273] As shown in Figure 66, the substrate unit 20 of the disaster detection device 1 of this embodiment is equipped with a permanent magnet 24 and a permanent magnet 18 that repels and is repelled by a repulsive force. For the sake of explanation, the permanent magnet 24, which is a movable magnet, will be referred to as the first permanent magnet 24 below, and the permanent magnet 18, which is a fixed magnet provided on the case cover 22, will be referred to as the second permanent magnet 18.

[0274] The circuit board unit 20 includes a circuit board case 21, a case cover 22, a first permanent magnet 24, a V-packing 26, a second permanent magnet 18, a spring receiving tube 35, a coil spring 36, a guide tube 37, a magnet attraction member 38, and a push button cover 39.

[0275] The case cover 22 has a male screw ring 22i integrally formed to protrude from the planar end of the cylindrical portion 22b. The push button cover 39 is screwed and / or sealed to this male screw ring 22i. The cylindrical portion 22b has a spring receiving mounting portion 22m in a hole that opens on the planar side of the male screw ring 22i.

[0276] Furthermore, the case cover 22 has a magnet receiver 22h that protrudes from the center of its bottom surface (see Figure 68). The magnet receiver 22h is a bottomed cylindrical body.

[0277] The magnet receiver 22h constitutes a part of the magnet housing section 22c in which the first permanent magnet 24 is positioned in the inner hole. The magnet receiver 22h also constitutes a restricting section in which the bottom wall 22k abuts against and restricts the movement of the first permanent magnet 24 toward the bottom.

[0278] The spring support mounting portion 22m is a roughly cylindrical hole space. The deep side of the bottom of the spring support mounting portion 22m communicates with the magnet housing portion 22c. This spring support mounting portion 22m has a female screw hole 22j engraved on the inner circumference of the deep part (see Figure 68).

[0279] The second permanent magnet 18 is ring-shaped. The second permanent magnet 18 has an outer diameter that is approximately the same as the inner diameter of the spring receiving portion 22m and the outer diameter of the spring receiving tube 35. The magnetic polarity of the second permanent magnet 18 is set such that it repels the first permanent magnet 24, which is disposed on the bottom side of the case cover 22, and generates a repulsive force.

[0280] Furthermore, the second permanent magnet 18, like the first permanent magnet 24, can be a metal (alloy) magnet such as an alnico magnet or a neodymium magnet, a ceramic magnet such as a ferrite magnet, or a bonded magnet containing plastic, rubber, etc.

[0281] The spring receiving tube 35 is substantially cylindrical in shape. The spring receiving tube 35 has an outer cylindrical portion 35a, a male screw ring portion 35b, an inner cylindrical portion 35c, a guide tube receiving portion 35d, and a spring receiving groove 35e. The outer diameter of the outer cylindrical portion 35a is set to be substantially the same as the inner diameter of the spring receiving mounting portion 22m.

[0282] The male screw ring portion 35b is a bottomed cylindrical body closed by a bottom wall. The male screw ring portion 35b has an end face 35f of the bottom wall that contacts and restricts the movement of the first permanent magnet 24 toward the planar side, forming a restricting portion. The spring receiving groove 35e of the spring receiving tube 35 is a ring-shaped bottomed groove surrounded by an outer cylindrical portion 35a and an inner cylindrical portion 35c.

[0283] The coil spring 36 has an outer diameter and wire diameter that match the diameter of the spring receiving groove 35e of the spring receiving tube 35. This coil spring 36 is made of a metal with excellent corrosion resistance, such as stainless steel.

[0284] The guide tube 37 is substantially cylindrical in shape. The guide tube 37 has a cylindrical portion 37a and an outward-facing flange 37b at the flat end of the cylindrical portion 37a. The magnetic attraction member 38 is inserted into the hole 37c of the cylindrical portion 37a so as to be able to move back and forth. This guide tube 37 constitutes a guide portion (guide section) that guides the movement of the magnetic attraction member 38 in a straight line.

[0285] The magnetic attraction member 38 is a columnar body with a T-shaped cross-section. The magnetic attraction member 38 has a cylindrical portion 38a and a disc portion 38b formed to widen in diameter at the planar end of the cylindrical portion 38a. The magnetic attraction member 38 in this embodiment is also a block body formed from a magnetic material (ferromagnetic material) such as iron, chromium, cobalt, nickel, or gadolinium, or an alloy containing these magnetic materials, similar to the first to third embodiments described above.

[0286] Furthermore, the magnetic attraction member 38 may also be made of alloy magnets such as ferrite magnets, alnico magnets, or iron-chromium-cobalt magnets, or rare-earth magnets such as neodymium magnets or samarium-cobalt magnets, in addition to the magnetic materials mentioned above. However, if permanent magnets are used, it is preferable to use ferromagnetic materials because the cost increases due to considerations regarding polarity and price.

[0287] The push button cover 39 has an outer shape that is roughly convex, and a cross-sectional shape that is hat-shaped (see Figure 68). The push button cover 39 has a cover body 39a, a cylindrical block-shaped pressing body 39c that is convex from the bottom side opposite the flat portion 39b of the cover body 39a, and a mounting ring 39d attached to the inner surface of the bottom of the cover body 39a.

[0288] The cover body 39a and the pressing body 39c are formed from an elastic material whose main components are natural rubber (NR), synthetic natural rubber (IR), butadiene rubber (BR), acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (NBR), chloroprene rubber (CR), silicone rubber (SR), acrylic rubber (ACM, ANM), urethane rubber (U), fluororubber (FKM), etc.

[0289] Furthermore, the outer circumference of the cover body 39a may be formed in a bellows-like shape so that it can be extended and retracted. In such a form, the push button cover 39 may be formed from an elastic material or from a synthetic resin such as polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polystyrene (PS), polycarbonate (PC), polyamide (nylon, PA), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA, acrylic), acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), polyurethane (PU), etc.

[0290] The mounting ring 39d is not required, but it has female threads engraved on its inner surface. This mounting ring 39d is made of a metal such as GFRP (glass fiber reinforced plastic), stainless steel, or aluminum, or any of the above synthetic resins. The substrate unit 20 has the same other components as in the first to third embodiments described above.

[0291] In the circuit board unit 20 configured as described above, first, a first permanent magnet 24, which is a movable magnet, is inserted into the magnet housing portion 22c of the case cover 22. Then, a second permanent magnet 18 is installed in the deep interior of the spring receiver mounting portion 22m.

[0292] Next, the case cover 22 is fitted with a spring receiving tube 35 inserted into the spring receiving mounting portion 22m, and the male screw ring portion 35b is screwed into the female screw hole 22j. That is, the second permanent magnet 18 is installed in the deeper part of the spring receiving mounting portion 22m before the spring receiving tube 35. As a result, the second permanent magnet 18 is clamped and fixed between the bottom surface of the spring receiving tube 35 and the bottom wall surface of the spring receiving mounting portion 22m when the spring receiving tube 35 is tightened.

[0293] Next, the spring receiving tube 35 is fitted with the guide tube 37 into the guide tube receiving portion 35d. At this time, the cylindrical portion 37a of the guide tube 37 is inserted into the inner hole of the guide tube receiving portion 35d, and the outward flange 37b abuts against the end of the guide tube receiving portion 35d.

[0294] The spring receiving tube 35 is installed after the guide tube 37 is attached to the spring receiving tube 35, and the coil spring 36 is inserted into the spring receiving groove 35e. The magnetic attraction member 38 has its cylindrical portion 38a passed through the coil spring 36 and is inserted into the hole 37c of the cylindrical portion 37a of the guide tube 37.

[0295] In this state, the end of the coil spring 36 contacts the bottom surface of the disc portion 38b of the magnetic attraction member 38. That is, the magnetic attraction member 38 is biased toward the planar side by the coil spring 36.

[0296] Then, the push button cover 39 is attached to the case cover 22 so as to close the opening of the cylindrical portion 22b. At this time, the push button cover 39 is tightened by screwing the mounting ring 39d onto the male screw ring 22i.

[0297] In this way, the push button cover 39 is attached to the cylindrical portion 22b of the case cover 22. The opening of the cylindrical portion 22b of the case cover 22 is closed by the push button cover 39, thus maintaining dustproof and waterproof properties.

[0298] Furthermore, the bottom end of the cylindrical portion 22b of the magnetic attraction member 38 is positioned closer to the push button cover 39 than the second permanent magnet 18 due to the biasing force of the coil spring 36 and the repulsive force of the compressed gas (air, etc.) occupying the internal space due to the pressure of the push button cover 39. In other words, the entire magnetic attraction member 38 is biased by the coil spring 36 to a position where it is further away from the first permanent magnet 24 than from the second permanent magnet 18.

[0299] The case cover 22 is then bonded, welded, or otherwise secured to the circuit board case 21, which houses the circuit board 25, thereby sealing the circuit board case 21. Furthermore, a filler material 28 is injected into the circuit board case 21 to assemble the circuit board unit 20.

[0300] The assembled circuit board unit 20 is placed inside the main body housing 10 of the main body unit 2, similar to the first to third embodiments described above. In this state, as shown in Figures 69 and 70, the push button cover 39 of the circuit board unit 20 is exposed through the hexagonal hole 12h formed in the cylindrical portion 12c of the lid 12. Figure 69 is an exploded perspective view showing the state before the pole support member is attached to the main body unit, and Figure 70 is an exploded cross-sectional view showing the state before the pole support member is attached to the main body unit.

[0301] Furthermore, the pole support member in this embodiment is not a ferromagnetic material holding portion 65 that holds the magnetic attraction member 66 of the third embodiment, but simply a cylindrical button pressing portion 65a.

[0302] As shown in Figure 71, with the pole support member 60 attached to the main unit 2, the circuit board unit 20 is pushed downwards by the button pressing portion 65a of the pole support member 60 contacting the flat portion 39b of the push button cover 39, as shown in Figure 72. Figure 71 is a cross-sectional view showing the main unit with the pole support member attached, and Figure 72 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the portion of circle LXXII in Figure 71.

[0303] The push button cover 39 is deformed by being pressed by the button pressing portion 65a, causing the cover body 39a to retract toward the bottom. The pressing body 39c, which contacts the disc portion 38b of the magnetic attraction member 38, slides toward the bottom in accordance with the retraction deformation of the cover body 39a.

[0304] Therefore, the magnetic attraction member 38 is pushed towards the bottom by the pressing body 39c against the biasing force of the coil spring 36. As a result, the magnetic attraction member 38 slides towards the bottom while its cylindrical portion 38a is guided in a straight line by the guide tube 37.

[0305] At this time, the cylindrical portion 38a of the magnetic attraction member 38 moves towards the bottom, with its bottom end exceeding the second permanent magnet 18. As a result, the magnetic attraction force of the first permanent magnet 24 towards the magnetic attraction member 38 becomes stronger than the repulsive force between the first permanent magnet 24 and the second permanent magnet 18.

[0306] Therefore, the first permanent magnet 24 in the magnet housing 22c is attracted to the magnet attracting member 38 by its own magnetic force, overcoming the repulsive force with the second permanent magnet 18. That is, the initial (permanent) position of the magnet attracting member 38 is when the bottom end of the cylindrical portion 38a faces the bottom wall of the male screw ring portion 35b of the spring receiving tube 35.

[0307] The first permanent magnet 24 is then held in a first position where it is attracted to the end face 35f of the bottom wall portion of the male screw ring portion 35b. That is, the first permanent magnet 24 moves (rises) towards the magnet attracting member 38 which is located near the first position within the magnet housing portion 22c provided in the cylindrical portion 22b of the substrate case 21.

[0308] In this state, the magnetic sensor 25d is switched OFF. That is, the electronic circuit of the circuit board unit 20 is open. The stroke for pressing the push button cover 39, the amount of movement of the magnetic attraction member 38, the position of the second permanent magnet 18, and the axial length of the cylindrical part 38a that moves beyond the second permanent magnet 18 are set as appropriate.

[0309] Then, as shown in Figure 73, the disaster detection device 1 is completed when the pole 42 of the pole unit 3 is inserted into the cylindrical portion 62 of the pole support member 60 and attached to the main unit 2. Figure 73 is a cross-sectional view of the disaster detection device with the pole unit attached to the main unit.

[0310] In this embodiment, when a predetermined amount of collision (kinetic) energy E is applied to the pole unit 3 by the collision of influencing factors S such as rock fragments 105 and 106, the shape of the pole support member 60 changes, such as deforming, fracturing, or breaking, as shown in Figure 74. Figure 74 shows the state in which the pole support member has been damaged by a rock fragment that has collided with the pole unit of the disaster detection device.

[0311] In this case, similar to the third embodiment, the pole support member 60 tilts as the shape of the cylindrical portion 62 is induced to tilt in accordance with the tilting and widening of the widening portion 63, due to the button pressing portion 65a being influenced by the transverse ribs 64 and each reinforcing rib 64a, and is displaced and / or deformed in a direction away from the substrate unit 20.

[0312] Thus, when an influencing factor collides with the pole unit 3 and an external force of, for example, a collision energy E of 1 kJ or more is applied to the disaster detection device 1, the button pressing portion 65a of the pole support member 60 is displaced and / or deformed so as to move away from the substrate unit 20.

[0313] Then, when the button pressing portion 65a moves away from the circuit board unit 20, the disaster detection device 1 causes the button pressing portion 65a to separate from the push button cover 39. In other words, the push button cover 39 is released from the pressure exerted by the button pressing portion 65a.

[0314] As a result, the magnetic attraction member 38, under the biasing force of the coil spring 36, slides and protrudes toward the planar side, with its cylindrical portion 38a guided in a straight line by the guide tube 37. The bottom end of the cylindrical portion 38a moves toward the planar side beyond the second permanent magnet 18. Therefore, the repulsive force between the first permanent magnet 24 and the second permanent magnet 18 becomes stronger than the magnetic attraction force between the first permanent magnet 24 and the magnetic attraction member 38, causing the first permanent magnet 24 to move toward the magnet receiver 22h.

[0315] Then, the first permanent magnet 24 moves to a second position where it contacts the bottom wall 22k of the magnet receiver 22h and comes to rest. In this way, the first permanent magnet 24 moves from its initial (permanent) position, where it is in contact with the end face 35f of the bottom wall of the male screw ring portion 35b, to a second position where it is repelled by the repulsive force with the second permanent magnet 18 and contacts the bottom wall 22k of the magnet receiver 22h, thereby restricting its movement.

[0316] In this state, the permanent magnet 24 is in close proximity to the magnetic sensor 25d, which is located near the second position. As a result, the external magnetic field near the magnetic sensor 25d is strengthened by the permanent magnet 24. Here as in the first to third embodiments, a reed switch is used for the magnetic sensor 25d.

[0317] Thus, in normal times when the disaster detection device 1 is not detecting a natural disaster caused by an influencing factor S such as a rockfall, the cylindrical portion 38a of the magnetic attraction member 38 is pushed against the biasing force of the coil spring 36 toward the magnetic sensor 25d side, as shown in Figure 75. Figure 75 is a schematic diagram illustrating the position of the moving magnet in normal times.

[0318] In this state, the attractive force of the first permanent magnet 24 in the magnet housing portion 22c of the substrate case 21 toward the magnet attraction member 38 exceeds the repulsive force toward the second permanent magnet 18, and the first permanent magnet 24 is attracted toward the magnet attraction member 38 despite this repulsive force. That is, the first permanent magnet 24 is held in place by attraction in the first position, which is the initial (permanent) position in contact with the end face 35f of the bottom wall portion of the male screw ring portion 35b.

[0319] In this way, the disaster detection device 1 maintains the state in which the first permanent magnet 24 has moved to the first remote position relative to the magnetic sensor 25d, and the switch of the magnetic sensor 25d remains in the OFF state. That is, the disaster detection device 1 maintains the state in which the electronic circuit of the circuit board unit 20 is open.

[0320] Then, in the event of an emergency in which the disaster detection device 1 detects a natural disaster caused by an influencing factor S such as a rockfall, the cylindrical portion 38a of the magnetic attraction member 38 moves in a direction away from the magnetic sensor 25d than the second permanent magnet 18, due to the biasing force of the coil spring 36 and the repulsive force of the compressed gas occupying the internal space due to the pressing of the push button cover 39, as shown in Figure 76. Figure 76 is a schematic diagram illustrating the position of the moving magnet in an emergency.

[0321] In this state, the repulsive force between the first permanent magnet 24 and the second permanent magnet 18 in the magnet housing 22c of the circuit board case 21 exceeds the attractive force to the magnet attracting member 38, and the first permanent magnet 24 repels the magnetic sensor 25d against this attractive force. That is, the first permanent magnet 24 moves to a second position where it abuts the bottom wall 22k of the magnet receiver 22h and becomes stationary.

[0322] In this way, the disaster detection device 1 is stationary in a second position where the first permanent magnet 24 is close to the magnetic sensor 25d, and the switch of the magnetic sensor 25d is turned ON. That is, the electronic circuit of the circuit board unit 20 of the disaster detection device 1 is kept closed.

[0323] Thus, when the disaster detection device 1 detects a natural disaster caused by an influencing factor S such as a rockfall, the magnetic sensor 25d activates, switching from OFF to ON and the device is switched on. Consequently, the electronic circuit of the circuit board unit 20 of the disaster detection device 1 is switched from an open state to a closed state.

[0324] Thus, in this embodiment of the disaster detection device 1, when the button press portion 65a of the pole support member 60 is displaced and / or deformed, the first permanent magnet 24, which is repelled by the repulsive force with the second permanent magnet 18, moves closer to the magnetic sensor 25d of the substrate unit 20. Then, the magnetic force from the first permanent magnet 24 activates the magnetic sensor 25d, switching the disaster detection device 1 from OFF to ON.

[0325] Therefore, the disaster detection device 1 has the same effects as the first to third embodiments. That is, when the magnetic sensor 25d is switched on, the disaster detection device 1 wirelessly transmits disaster detection information and individual ID information from the transmitting antenna 33 of the antenna unit 30, enabling real-time detection of natural disasters caused by influencing factors S such as rockfalls.

[0326] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the disaster detection device 1 is configured such that when it detects the occurrence of a natural disaster caused by an influencing factor S such as a rockfall, the repulsive force between the first permanent magnet 24 and the second permanent magnet 18 causes the first permanent magnet 24 to move closer to the magnetic sensor 25d side of the substrate unit 20, thereby activating the switch.

[0327] In other words, the disaster detection device 1 is not configured such that the first permanent magnet 24 moves closer to the magnetic sensor 25d solely by its own weight using gravity, as in the first to third embodiments. Therefore, even if the disaster detection device 1 is installed at an angle with a large angle between the vertical direction and the longitudinal axis (the longitudinal axis of the pole unit 3), the first permanent magnet 24 will reliably move closer to the magnetic sensor 25d and the switch will be activated when the occurrence of a natural disaster is detected.

[0328] Therefore, the disaster detection device 1 can be installed with its longitudinal axis perpendicular to the slope 102, such as a steep cliff or embankment (in a direction perpendicular to the slope 102). Furthermore, the disaster detection device 1 can function to turn its switch ON / OFF even in low-gravity or zero-gravity environments such as planets.

[0329] (First variation / Variation of the detection sensor) Furthermore, the disaster detection device 1 may use a normally open sensor 70, such as a push-button type limit switch, instead of a magnetic sensor 25d such as a reed switch that detects the occurrence of natural disasters caused by influencing factors S such as rockfalls, as shown in Figures 77 and 78. Figure 77 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of a circuit board unit equipped with a normally open sensor during normal operation, and Figure 78 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of a circuit board unit equipped with a normally open sensor during an emergency.

[0330] In normal circumstances, when the button pressing portion 65a of the pole support member 60 is in contact with the flat portion 39b of the push button cover 39 and is pushed downwards, the switch of the normally open sensor 70 of the disaster detection device 1 is turned OFF, as shown in Figure 77. In an emergency, when the push button cover 39 is released from the pressure exerted by the button pressing portion 65a of the pole support member 60, the switch of the normally open sensor 70 of the disaster detection device 1 is turned ON, as shown in Figure 78.

[0331] Thus, when the disaster detection device 1 detects a natural disaster caused by an influencing factor S such as a rockfall, the normally open sensor 70 activates, switching from OFF to ON and turning on the device. Consequently, the electronic circuit of the circuit board unit 20 of the disaster detection device 1 switches from an open state to a closed state.

[0332] Therefore, even with this configuration, when the normally open sensor 70 is switched on, the disaster detection device 1 wirelessly transmits disaster detection information and individual ID information from the transmitting antenna 33 of the antenna unit 30, enabling real-time detection of natural disasters caused by influencing factors S such as rockfalls.

[0333] (Second modification / First modification of the pole support member, which is the modified part) Next, the configuration of the first modified form of the pole support member 60, which is a fragile and easily damaged part (weak part), will be described below. As shown in Figure 79, the pole support member 60 may have a plurality of ribs 67 extending from the widened base portion 61 to the middle surface of the widened portion 63. Figure 79 is a perspective view showing the configuration of the pole support member.

[0334] Multiple ribs 67 are formed radially around the axis of the cylindrical portion 62 of the pole support member 60, extending to the edge of the widened base portion 61. In this way, the pole support member 60 can be made more rigid by having multiple ribs 67, and also allows the worker's fingers to grip it. Therefore, the pole support member 60 can be easily attached to and detached from the main unit 2.

[0335] In particular, compared to a configuration without multiple ribs 67, workers can more easily remove the pole support member 60 from the main unit 2 after its shape has been altered by deformation, breakage, or damage. As a result, the disaster detection device 1 can reuse the main unit 2 without damaging the cover 12.

[0336] (Third variation / Second variation of the pole support member, which is the modified part) Next, the configuration of a second modified example of the pole support member 60, which is a fragile and easily damaged part, will be described below. The outer diameter tapered outer surface 61c of the widened base portion 61 of the pole support member 60 may be a convex curved surface in cross-section, as shown in Figure 80, or a concave curved surface in cross-section, as shown in Figure 81.

[0337] Figure 80 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a pole support member with a convex curved cross-section on the outer surface of its enlarged base attached to the main unit, and Figure 81 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a pole support member with a concave curved cross-section on the outer surface of its enlarged base attached to the main unit.

[0338] Accordingly, the antenna cover 32 is formed with a concave or convex cross-section so that its inner diameter tapered inner circumferential surface 32g makes surface contact with the outer circumferential surface 61c of the pole support member 60. Here as well, the pole support member 60 presses against the antenna unit 30 and is firmly fixed to the main unit 2.

[0339] Furthermore, in the disaster detection device 1, the gap 19 between the pole support member 60 and the main unit 2 into which it is screwed is wider on the planar side than on the bottom side. Therefore, as the disaster detection device 1 unscrews the pole support member 60 after its shape has been altered by the impact of influencing factors S such as rockfall, such as deformation, fracture, or damage, the gap 19 widens, making it easier to remove the pole support member 60 from the main unit 2.

[0340] (Fourth variation / Variation of the magnet housing section of the circuit board unit) Next, a modified configuration of the magnet housing portion 22c of the substrate unit 20 will be described below. As shown in Figures 82 and 83, the substrate unit 20 may have a frustoconical shape in which the magnet housing portion 22c provided in the case cover 22 widens towards the vertical downward direction. Figure 82 is a schematic diagram showing the shape of the magnet housing portion, and Figure 83 is a schematic diagram illustrating the operation of the permanent magnet in the magnet housing portion when it is inclined with respect to the vertical direction.

[0341] The inner circumferential surface 22n that forms the magnet housing portion 22c is set to be at or below a predetermined angle with respect to the vertical direction, so that the magnetic sensor 25d is activated and switches from OFF to ON when the external magnetic field from the permanent magnet 24 becomes stronger.

[0342] When the disaster detection device 1 is installed at an angle, there is a steeply sloping portion of the inner surface 22n that forms an acute angle with respect to the vertical direction. Therefore, when the disaster detection device 1 detects a natural disaster such as a rockfall, the permanent magnet 24 moves smoothly by gravity (falls) along the steeply sloping portion of the inner surface 22n without getting caught, and approaches the magnetic sensor 25d.

[0343] As a result, when the disaster detection device 1 detects a natural disaster such as a rockfall, the magnetic sensor 25d reliably activates, switching from OFF to ON and activating the device. Therefore, the disaster detection device 1 reliably switches the electronic circuit of the circuit board unit 20 from an open state to a closed state.

[0344] (Fifth variation / First variation of the influencing factor collision body) Next, the configuration of the first modified form of the pole unit 3, which is an influencing factor impactor, will be described below. The pole unit 3 may have concrete 48 filled inside the pole 42, as shown in Figure 84. Figure 84 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the pole unit.

[0345] If a steel pipe is used for pole 42, concrete can be filled inside the steel pipe to form a concrete-filled steel pipe (CFT). In this case, the pole unit 3 of this modified example can obtain a rigidity greater than the specified limit, and its axial compressive strength, bending strength, deformation resistance, weight, etc., can be increased. Of course, although pole 42 here is a steel pipe, it goes without saying that it is not limited to steel pipes, and for example, a pipe made of FRP may also be used.

[0346] (Sixth variation / Second variation of the influencing factor collision body) Next, the configuration of the first modified form of the pole unit 3, which is the influencing factor collision body, will be described below. As shown in Figures 85 to 87, the pole unit 3 may have a multi-piece pipe for the pole 42. Figure 85 is an exploded perspective view showing the pole of a multi-piece pipe with a threaded connection, Figure 86 is an exploded perspective view showing the pole of a multi-piece pipe with a joint connection, and Figure 87 is an exploded perspective view showing the pole of a multi-piece pipe with a slip-on connection.

[0347] As shown in Figure 85, the pole 42 of the pole unit 3 is constructed with a short tip tube 42a, a plurality of intermediate tubes 42b, and a base tube 42c, all of which have a predetermined rigidity and are made of a high-strength material such as metal or a hard resin. The tip tube 42a, the plurality of intermediate tubes 42b, and the base tube 42c are screwed into the female threaded portion 42e via the male threaded portion 42d to form a pole 42 of an appropriate length.

[0348] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 86, the pole 42 may have a predetermined rigidity and be configured such that a plurality of short pipes 42f made of a high-strength material such as metal or a hard resin are connected via an annular joint 42g. The joint 42g has an inward-facing flange 42h inside which the end faces of the short pipes 42f abut.

[0349] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 87, the pole 42 may have a predetermined rigidity and be configured such that its other end is inserted into a cup portion 42j formed at one end of each short pipe 42i made of a high-strength material such as metal or a hard resin.

[0350] Thus, the pole 42, with its multi-piece pipe configuration, can be made more portable and easier to transport. Therefore, when installing the disaster detection device 1 on steep slopes such as cliffs and embankments in mountainous areas, the multi-piece pipe pole 42 is easier to carry, contributing to improved work efficiency.

[0351] (Seventh variation / Variation of the fixing part) Next, a modified example of the foundation anchor unit 50, which is the anchoring section, will be described below. The foundation anchor unit 50, to which the disaster detection device 1 is attached, has a fixing plate 51 and four anchoring rods 52, as shown in Figure 88. Figure 88 is a perspective view showing the configuration of the disaster detection device attached to the foundation anchor unit.

[0352] The fixing plate 51 is a rectangular metal plate. The fixing plate 51 has through-holes 51a drilled at its four corners. The fixing plate 51 has a male screw portion 53 located approximately in the center. This male screw portion 53 is screwed into the female screw portion 11j of the substrate unit housing 11 of the disaster detection device 1.

[0353] Each anchoring rod 52 can be a deformed reinforcing bar or the like, with a roughly circular cross-section and uneven protrusions formed on its outer surface. Each anchoring rod 52 has a male screw groove 52a formed at one end.

[0354] The male screw groove 52a of the fixing rod 52 has an outer diameter that allows it to be freely inserted into the screw hole 51a of the fixing plate 51. However, the outer diameter of the fixing rod 52 other than the male screw groove 52a is set so that it cannot be inserted into the screw hole 51a.

[0355] Each fixing rod 52 has a male screw groove 52a inserted into a screw hole 51a from the bottom side of the fixing plate 40. A nut 54 is screwed onto the male screw groove 52a protruding from the flat side of the fixing plate 51 of each fixing rod 52.

[0356] Each anchoring rod 52 is fixed to the fixing plate 51 by tightening a nut 54 into the male screw groove 52a. Although the anchoring rods 52 are deformed reinforcing bars in this example, they are not limited to this and can be any rod having the required strength and rigidity.

[0357] In this modified example, the foundation anchor unit 50 has each anchoring rod 52 placed in an embedded hole excavated at the location where the disaster detection device 1 will be installed, and ready-mix concrete is poured into the embedded hole to fix it in place. Depending on the installation location of the disaster detection device 1, instead of excavating an embedded hole, the anchoring rods may be placed inside a formwork into which the ready-mix concrete is poured.

[0358] (Example of disaster detection device 1 installation) As shown in Figure 89, the disaster detection device 1 may be installed not on the slope 102, but next to (near) the route 101 or along the roadside. Furthermore, similar to the embodiment described above, multiple disaster detection devices 1 are placed side-by-side along the route 101 at predetermined intervals, for example, 20 cm to 50 cm apart. Figure 89 is a cross-sectional view showing an example where the disaster detection device is installed next to the route.

[0359] Furthermore, the disaster detection device 1 may be configured such that a fence 107 made of wire mesh, wire rope, or the like is installed between the pole units 3, as shown in Figure 90. Figure 90 shows an example in which a fence is installed between the pole units of the disaster detection device.

[0360] By installing fences 107 between each disaster detection device 1, it is possible to prevent the rock fragments 105 and 106, which are influencing factors S, from passing through even if they are small. Furthermore, the spacing between each disaster detection device 1 can be increased, thus reducing the number of devices that can be installed.

[0361] Furthermore, multiple disaster detection devices 1 may be installed on the pocket-type rockfall protection net shown in Figure 91, the covered rockfall protection net shown in Figure 91, etc. Figure 92 shows an example in which multiple disaster detection devices are installed on the pocket-type rockfall protection net, and Figure 92 shows an example in which multiple disaster detection devices are installed on the covered rockfall protection net.

[0362] Each disaster detection device 1 is configured as an anchor for a support rope 203 connected to a support column 202 that supports a net 201, such as the wire mesh of a pocket-type rockfall protection net, at the top, and for a horizontal rope 204 connected to the side of the net 201.

[0363] Furthermore, each disaster detection device 1 may be installed, for example, by connecting it to the net 201 of the covered rockfall protection net. Alternatively, each disaster detection device 1 may be directly connected to the net 201 of the pocket-type rockfall protection net, or it may be configured as an anchor for the support ropes 203 and horizontal ropes 204 of the covered rockfall protection net.

[0364] (Fifth embodiment) The following describes in detail the disaster detection device 1 according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention. This is an embodiment of a different form of the antenna structure of the transmitting antenna 33. In the following description, only the differences from the first to fourth embodiments described above will be mainly explained. For this reason, the same reference numerals are used for components that are the same as those in the first to fourth embodiments, and detailed descriptions of those components are omitted as appropriate.

[0365] Generally, a rockfall detection system, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 2011-47252, for example, comprises a rockfall detection device attached to a rockfall protection facility and a management device that collects and manages data output from the rockfall detection device. This rockfall detection device incorporates a semiconductor sensor, an A / D converter, and an MCU within its housing for detecting rockfalls and landslides. Furthermore, this rockfall detection device incorporates a wireless communication device and an antenna within its housing for transmitting rockfall detection information to the management device when it detects rockfalls or landslides.

[0366] When integrating an antenna into the enclosure, it is desirable to minimize the space required for antenna installation. By minimizing the space needed for antenna installation, the disaster detection device equipped with the antenna can be made smaller, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost of the disaster detection device.

[0367] Incidentally, a typical antenna, the dipole antenna, is constructed such that, when the wavelength of the transmitted or received radio wave is λ, a conductor (conductive pattern) of length λ / 4 is arranged symmetrically with respect to the feed point, and the overall length is λ / 2.

[0368] Therefore, dipole antennas are generally made smaller when the frequency of the transmitted or received radio waves is high (the wavelength λ of the radio waves is short), and larger when the frequency of the transmitted or received radio waves is low (the wavelength λ of the radio waves is long). For example, at a frequency of 2.4 GHz, λ is approximately 12.5 cm (λ / 2 is approximately 6.25 cm), and at a frequency of 400 MHz, λ is approximately 75 cm (λ / 2 is approximately 37.5 cm).

[0369] Since disaster detection devices are often assumed to be used in mountainous areas, it is preferable to use radio waves in the longest possible wavelength frequency band. However, if the wavelength is too long, the antenna size becomes too large, so it is preferable to use radio waves with a frequency of several hundred MHz. However, when a dipole antenna corresponding to several hundred MHz is installed inside the enclosure, the size of the antenna affects the size of the enclosure, which increases the manufacturing cost of the disaster detection device equipped with it.

[0370] Therefore, in the fifth embodiment, an antenna structure that can reduce manufacturing costs without increasing the size of the housing on which the antenna is installed, and a disaster detection device equipped therewith will be described.

[0371] Figure 93 is a plan view showing an example of the configuration of a film antenna (transmitting antenna) according to the fifth embodiment. Figure 94 is a cross-sectional view along line AA in Figure 93.

[0372] In the fifth embodiment, the transmitting antenna 333 of the first embodiment is replaced with a transmitting antenna 333. The transmitting antenna 333 can also be a film antenna, which is formed by arranging a conductive antenna body on a flexible, electrically insulating substrate that is formed in an arc shape. Specifically, the antenna structure of this embodiment is one in which a film antenna is arranged in an arc shape (C shape). However, the film antenna is not limited to being arranged in an arc shape (C shape), and includes various arrangement forms as will be described later. In the following description, the transmitting antenna 333 will be referred to as the film antenna 333.

[0373] As shown in Figures 93 and 94, the film antenna 333 is composed of an electrically insulating resin film 334 which is a base material, and a folded dipole antenna 335 which is formed on the resin film 334 as the antenna body.

[0374] The resin film 334 has a first surface S1 on which the folded dipole antenna 335 is formed, and a second surface S2 opposite to the first surface S1. This resin film 334 is rectangular in shape and is made of a flexible sheet-like member. However, the shape of the resin film 334 is not limited to a rectangular shape and may be other shapes. Furthermore, the material of the resin film 334 is not particularly limited and can be, for example, polyester, polyethylene, polypropylene, acrylic, polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyimide, etc., but other materials may be used as long as they have electrical insulating properties.

[0375] The folded dipole antenna 335 is composed of a conductor (first conductive path) 335a, a conductor (second conductive path) 335b, and a conductor (third conductive path) 335c. The conductors 335a to 335c are antenna elements formed from metal or metal foil. The materials for the conductors 335a to 335c can be, for example, gold, silver, copper, iron, nickel, aluminum, or alloys mainly composed of these materials, but other conductive materials such as indium tin oxide (ITO) or indium zinc oxide (IZO) can also be used. In the case of the film antenna 333, the folded dipole antenna 335 is formed on a resin film 334, but it is not limited to this, and for example, a dipole antenna or other antennas may be formed on the resin film 334.

[0376] The conductive elements 335a to 335c that constitute the folded dipole antenna 335 are formed on the first surface S1 of the resin film 334. The method for forming the conductive elements 335a to 335c on the resin film 334 is not particularly limited, and methods such as vapor deposition, sputtering, etching, electrodeposition, or printing can be employed.

[0377] Conductors 335a and 335b each have a length of λ / 4 when the wavelength of the transmitted radio wave is λ, and are arranged on the same straight line, resulting in a total length of λ / 2. Conductor 335c is arranged parallel to conductors 335a and 335b and has a length of λ / 2. The parallel spacing between conductors 335a and 335b and conductor 335c is set appropriately according to the transmission frequency.

[0378] Furthermore, the conductors 335a and 335b are not limited to a length of λ / 4, but may be less than λ / 4 (for example, λ / 4 × 0.8). Similarly, the conductor 335c is not limited to a length of λ / 2, but may be less than λ / 2 (for example, λ / 2 × 0.8). In this way, by making the lengths of the conductors 335a and 335b less than λ / 4 and the length of the conductor 335c less than λ / 2, the film antenna 333 can be miniaturized.

[0379] One end of each of the conductors 335a and 335b is connected to a feed line 336 that constitutes an antenna cable. The other ends of the conductors 335a and 335b are connected to the ends of a parallel conductor 335c.

[0380] One end of the power supply line 336 is connected to one end of the conductors 335a and 335b, respectively. The power supply line 36 connected to the conductors 335a and 335b is inserted into the cable insertion passage 31f. The other end of the power supply line 336 is connected to the circuit board 25 inside the board case 21 via the cable packing 27 of the main housing 10. Alternatively, a connector may be provided at the other end of the power supply line 336, and the power supply line 336 may be connected to the circuit board 25 via this connector. In this way, the power supply line 336 is electrically connected to the wireless communication unit provided on the circuit board 25.

[0381] The folded dipole antenna 335 functions as a folded dipole antenna when it is supplied with alternating current via the feed line 336. That is, alternating current is supplied to the folded dipole antenna 335 from the wireless communication unit provided on the circuit board 25 via the feed line 336, and transmission data is transmitted from the folded dipole antenna 335.

[0382] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 94, the film antenna 33 has a folded dipole antenna 35 formed on the first surface S1 of the resin film 34, but the configuration is not limited to this, and for example, a configuration like the one shown in Figure 95 may also be used. Figure 95 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of the configuration of the film antenna (transmitting antenna).

[0383] As shown in Figure 95, the film antenna 333A has a folded dipole antenna 335 formed on the resin film 334 such that the first surface S1 of the resin film 334 and the upper surfaces of the conductors 335a to 335c that form the folded dipole antenna 335 are on the same plane. In other words, the film antenna 333A is formed by providing grooves in the resin film 334 for forming the conductors 335a to 335c, and embedding the conductors 335a to 335c in these grooves.

[0384] The film antenna 333 (or 333A) configured in this way is curved in an arc shape, as shown in Figure 96, such that the first surface S1 of the resin film 334 faces outward and the second surface S2 faces inward. Figure 96 is a perspective view showing the film antenna in an arc shape.

[0385] The film antenna 333, which is curved in an arc shape as shown in Figures 97 and 98, is then positioned in the antenna mounting groove 31d of the antenna case 31. Figure 97 is an exploded perspective view showing the configuration of the antenna unit. Figure 98 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the antenna unit.

[0386] In this way, because the film antenna 333 is curved in an arc shape and placed in the antenna mounting groove 31d, which is a circumferential groove, the installation space can be reduced compared to, for example, placing a dipole antenna 335 in a straight line in the antenna case 31.

[0387] Furthermore, although the film antenna 333 has an arc-shaped, specifically C-shaped, antenna structure as shown in Figure 96, it is not limited to such an antenna structure, and various antenna structures as shown in Figure 99 may also be used. Figure 99 is a diagram showing a modified example of the antenna structure of the film antenna.

[0388] The film antenna 333 may have an L-shaped antenna structure, as shown in Figure 99(a). Alternatively, the film antenna 333 may have a roughly circular (roughly O-shaped) antenna structure, as shown in Figure 99(b).

[0389] Furthermore, the film antenna 333 may have a C-shaped antenna structure with a bent portion, as shown in Figures 99(c) to 99(h). Specifically, the film antenna 333 may have an antenna structure in which a part of one side of a rectangle is missing, as shown in Figure 99(c). Also, the film antenna 333 may have an antenna structure in which one side of a rectangle is missing, as shown in Figure 99(d). Furthermore, the film antenna 333 may have an antenna structure in which a part of two adjacent sides of a rectangle (rhombuse) is missing, as shown in Figure 99(e).

[0390] Furthermore, the film antenna 333 may have an antenna structure in which parts of two adjacent sides of a hexagon are missing, as shown in Figure 99(f). Also, the film antenna 333 may have an antenna structure in which two adjacent sides of a hexagon are missing, as shown in Figure 99(g). Furthermore, the film antenna 333 may have an antenna structure in which parts of two adjacent sides of a decagon are missing, as shown in Figure 99(h).

[0391] Furthermore, the film antenna 333 in this embodiment is not limited to the antenna structure shown in Figures 96 and 99(a) to 99(h), but may have any shape in which part or all of it is curved and / or bent in three dimensions. The antenna mounting groove 31d in which the film antenna 333 is installed is not limited to a substantially circular shape, but may have any shape that matches the shape of the film antenna 333.

[0392] Furthermore, when positioning the film antenna 333 in the antenna mounting groove 31d, as shown in Figure 100, the second surface S2 of the resin film 334, where the conductive parts 335a to 335c are not formed, may be bonded or fixed to the inner side surface forming the antenna mounting groove 31d using an adhesive layer 337 such as adhesive or double-sided tape. The film antenna 333 may have an adhesive layer 337 formed by attaching a release sheet to its back surface (the second surface S2 of the resin film 334), and may be configured to be attachable to a desired surface. By peeling off the release sheet, the adhesive layer 337 on the back surface can be attached to the desired surface. Figure 100 is an enlarged view of area B in Figure 98, and is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the configuration of a transmitting antenna placed in the antenna mounting groove.

[0393] In this case, as in the first embodiment, a filler material 33a such as epoxy resin, polyurethane resin, or silicone resin may be injected into the antenna installation (layout) groove 31d after the film antenna 333 has been installed (laid out). As a result, the film antenna 333 is covered with the filler material 33a, ensuring that it is airtight and / or at least watertight, and also being reinforced in terms of strength.

[0394] Furthermore, the configuration of the transmitting antenna 333 placed in the antenna mounting groove 31d is not limited to the configuration shown in Figure 100, but may also be the configurations shown in Figures 101 to 103. Figures 101 to 103 are cross-sectional views showing other examples of the configuration of the transmitting antenna placed in the antenna mounting groove.

[0395] As shown in Figure 101, instead of the film antenna 333, a film antenna 333A, as shown in Figure 95, may be used, which is formed by embedding a folded dipole antenna 335 in a resin film 334. The film antenna 333A is curved in an arc shape such that the first surface S1 of the resin film 334 is on the outside and the second surface S2 is on the inside. The film antenna 333A can then be bonded or fixed to the inner side surface circumferential of the second surface S2, which is opposite to the first surface S1 on which the folded dipole antenna 335 is formed, by using an adhesive layer 337 such as adhesive or double-sided tape to form the antenna mounting groove 31d.

[0396] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 102, the film antenna 333 may be positioned so that the first surface S1 on which the conductive materials 335a to 335c of the folded dipole antenna 335 are formed faces the inner side surface of the antenna mounting groove 31d. That is, the film antenna 333 is curved in an arc shape so that the first surface S1 of the resin film 334 faces inward and the second surface S2 faces outward. The first surface S1 on which the conductive materials 335a to 335c of the resin film 334 are formed may be bonded or fixed to the inner side surface forming the antenna mounting groove 31d using an adhesive layer 337.

[0397] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 103, the film antenna 333A may be positioned so that the first surface S1 on which the conductive parts 335a to 335c of the folded dipole antenna 335 are formed faces the inner side surface of the antenna mounting groove 31d. That is, the film antenna 333A is curved in an arc shape so that the first surface S1 of the resin film 334 faces inward and the second surface S2 faces outward. Then, similar to the configuration in Figure 102, the first surface S1 on which the conductive parts 335a to 335c of the resin film 334 are formed can be bonded or fixed to the inner side surface forming the antenna mounting groove 31d using an adhesive layer 337.

[0398] According to the configuration shown in Figures 102 and 103, the resin film 334 functions as a protective member that protects the folded dipole antenna 335. Therefore, according to the configuration in Figures 102 and 103, the folded dipole antenna 335 is protected by the resin film 334 and the adhesive layer 337. After installing the film antenna 333 or 333A in the antenna installation groove 31d, the filler material 33a may or may not be injected.

[0399] As described above, in this embodiment, the film antenna 333 is curved in an arc shape and can be placed in the antenna mounting groove 31d, which is a substantially circular circumferential groove, thus saving space in the structure of the antenna unit 30. By saving space in the antenna unit 30, the main unit 2 can also be made more space-saving, which reduces the manufacturing cost of the disaster detection device 1.

[0400] Therefore, according to the film antenna of this embodiment and the disaster detection device equipped therewith, it is possible to reduce manufacturing costs without increasing the size of the housing on which the antenna is installed.

[0401] (Sixth Embodiment) The disaster detection device 1 according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below. This is an embodiment of a different form of the antenna structure of the film antennas 333 and 333A. In the following description, only the differences from the first to fifth embodiments described above will be mainly explained. For this reason, the same reference numerals are used for components that are the same as those in the first to fifth embodiments, and detailed descriptions of those components will be omitted as appropriate.

[0402] Film antennas are generally used in a straight line by being attached to the windows of houses, cars, etc., to receive television broadcasts, but they can also be used in a non-linear manner, such as by curving (or bending) them, as in the fifth embodiment. Since film antennas are usually designed to be used in a straight line, the length, diameter, and thickness of the conductor are set so that the antenna characteristics are best improved when used in a straight line.

[0403] However, if the film antenna is used in a non-linear manner, the antenna characteristics may deteriorate, potentially shortening the communication range. Specifically, if the film antenna 333 is curved in an arc shape and installed in the antenna mounting groove 31d, more radio waves will be radiated inward from the curved part, and fewer radio waves will be radiated outward from the antenna case 31, which may result in a shorter communication range.

[0404] Therefore, in the sixth embodiment, a film antenna is described that does not experience a reduction in communication distance even when used in a non-linear manner.

[0405] Figure 104 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the configuration of a film antenna according to the sixth embodiment. As shown in Figure 104, the film antenna 333B comprises a resin film 334, a folded dipole antenna 335, an adhesive layer 338, and a reflector 339. Conductors 335a to 335c constituting the folded dipole antenna 335 are formed on the first surface S1 of the resin film 334. An adhesive layer 338, such as adhesive or double-sided tape, is provided on the second surface S2 of the resin film 334, opposite to the first surface S1 on which the folded dipole antenna 335 is formed. The resin film 334 is bonded or fixed to the reflector 339 via the adhesive layer 338.

[0406] The reflective material 339 is made of a metal such as aluminum, copper, iron, or stainless steel, or an alloy containing these materials, and reflects radio waves transmitted from the folded dipole antenna 335. Since the film antenna 333B is curved in an arc shape and placed in the antenna mounting groove 31d, it is desirable that the reflective material 339 be made of a flexible sheet-like member.

[0407] The film antenna 333B is configured such that the thickness of the resin film 334 and the adhesive layer 338 are set such that the distance d between the opposing surfaces of the reflector 339 and the folded dipole antenna 335 is 1 mm or more. By setting the distance d between the opposing surfaces of the reflector 339 and the folded dipole antenna 335 to 1 mm or more, the radio waves radiated from the folded dipole antenna 335 can be reflected effectively without being absorbed.

[0408] Furthermore, it is desirable to set the distance d to 1 mm or more appropriately so that the direct wave radiated from the folded dipole antenna 335 and the reflected wave reflected by the reflector 339 do not cancel each other out, that is, so that the phases of the direct wave and the reflected wave are approximately in phase.

[0409] The film antenna 333B, configured in this way, is curved in an arc shape so that the first surface S1 of the resin film 334 faces outward and the reflector 339 faces inward. The reflector 339 of the film antenna 333B is then bonded or fixed to the inner side surface of the antenna mounting groove 31d using adhesive or double-sided tape. As a result, when the film antenna 333B is curved in an arc shape and installed in the antenna mounting groove 31d, the radio waves (electromagnetic waves) radiated on the inside of the curved arc can be reflected by the reflector 339.

[0410] As a result, the film antenna 333B can reflect the radio waves radiated from the inside of its arc-shaped curve to the outside of the antenna case 31, thereby preventing a decrease in antenna performance and extending the communication range.

[0411] The film antenna 333B configured in this way can be used in a straight line by, for example, attaching it to the window glass of a house or vehicle. Even when used in a straight line, the film antenna 333B can reflect the radio waves radiated from the folded dipole antenna 335 to the second surface S2 side of the resin film 334 to the first surface S1 side of the resin film 334 by the reflector 339.

[0412] As a result, even when the film antenna 333B is used in a straight line, the directivity of the radio waves radiated from the folded dipole antenna 335 can be improved, thereby extending the communication range. Furthermore, the film antennas 333C to 333E, described later, can also improve the directivity of the radio waves radiated from the folded dipole antenna 335 even when used in a straight line, thereby extending the communication range.

[0413] Alternatively, the reflective material 339 may be omitted from the film antenna 333B, and the inner side surface of the antenna mounting groove 31d may be made of a metal such as aluminum, copper, or iron. In other words, by making only the inner side surface of the antenna mounting groove 31d of the case body 31a in which the film antenna 333B is installed a metal that reflects radio waves, and making the other parts of the case body 31a a resin that does not shield radio waves, the communication range can be extended.

[0414] Alternatively, instead of providing a reflector 339 on the film antenna 333B, a shielding material that reflects radio waves may be provided on the inner side surface of the antenna mounting groove 31d. The shielding material can be an electromagnetic wave shielding plating, an electromagnetic wave shielding film, a conductive resin, or a conductive paint.

[0415] Furthermore, the configuration of the film antenna 333B is not limited to the configuration shown in Figure 104, but may also be the configurations shown in Figures 105 to 107. Figures 105 to 107 are cross-sectional views showing other examples of the film antenna configuration.

[0416] As shown in Figure 105, the film antenna 333C is constructed by adding an adhesive layer 338 and a reflective material 339 to the film antenna 333A shown in Figure 95. Specifically, an adhesive layer 338, such as adhesive or double-sided tape, is provided on the second surface S2 opposite to the first surface S1 on which the folded dipole antenna 335 of the resin film 334 is formed. The resin film 334 is bonded or fixed to the reflective material 339 via the adhesive layer 338.

[0417] Then, the thickness of the resin film 334 and adhesive layer 338 of the film antenna 333C is set such that the distance d between the opposing surfaces of the reflector 339 and the folded dipole antenna 335 is 1 mm or more.

[0418] In the film antenna 333C, conductive elements 335a to 335c, which constitute the folded dipole antenna 335, are embedded in the resin film 334. As a result, the distance between the reflective material 339 and the opposing surfaces of the folded dipole antenna 335 is shorter than that of the film antenna 333B shown in Figure 104. Therefore, in the film antenna 333C, the thickness of the adhesive layer 338 is made thicker than that of the adhesive layer 338 of the film antenna 333B, so that the distance d is 1 mm or more. However, it is not limited to changing the thickness of the adhesive layer 338; the thickness of the resin film 334, or the thickness of the resin film 334 and the adhesive layer 338, may also be changed to set the distance d to 1 mm or more.

[0419] The film antenna 333C configured in this way is curved in an arc shape so that the first surface S1 of the resin film 334 is on the outside and the reflector 339 is on the inside. The reflector 339 of the film antenna 333C is then bonded or fixed to the inner side surface of the antenna mounting groove 31d using adhesive or double-sided tape. As a result, when the film antenna 333C is curved in an arc shape and installed in the antenna mounting groove 31d, the radio waves radiated on the inside of the curved arc can be reflected by the reflector 339.

[0420] As a result, the film antenna 333C can reflect the radio waves radiated from the inside of its arc-shaped curve to the outside of the antenna case 31, thereby preventing a decrease in antenna performance and extending the communication range.

[0421] As shown in Figure 106, the film antenna 333D has a configuration in which an adhesive layer 338 and a reflective material 339 are arranged on the first surface S1 of the resin film 334 on which the folded dipole antenna 335 of the film antenna 333 shown in Figure 94 is formed. That is, in the film antenna 333D, an adhesive layer 338 such as adhesive or double-sided tape is provided on the first surface S1 of the resin film 34. The resin film 334 is adhered or fixed to the reflective material 339 via the adhesive layer 338.

[0422] Then, the thickness of the adhesive layer 338 of the film antenna 333D is set such that the distance d between the opposing surfaces of the reflector 339 and the folded dipole antenna 335 is 1 mm or more. In this way, when the adhesive layer 338 is provided on the first surface S1 of the film antenna 333D, only the adhesive layer 338 is interposed between the reflector 339 and the folded dipole antenna 335, so the distance d is set by the thickness of the adhesive layer 338.

[0423] The film antenna 333D configured in this way is curved in an arc shape so that the second surface S2 of the resin film 334 faces outward and the reflector 339 faces inward. The reflector 339 of the film antenna 333D is then bonded or fixed to the inner side surface of the antenna mounting groove 31d using adhesive or double-sided tape. As a result, when the film antenna 333D is curved in an arc shape and installed in the antenna mounting groove 31d, the radio waves radiated on the inside of the curved arc can be reflected by the reflector 339.

[0424] As a result, the film antenna 333D can reflect the radio waves radiated from the inside of its arc-shaped curve to the outside of the antenna case 31, thereby preventing a decrease in antenna performance and extending the communication range.

[0425] As shown in Figure 107, the film antenna 333E has a configuration in which an adhesive layer 338 and a reflective material 339 are arranged on the first surface S1 of the resin film 334 on which the folded dipole antenna 335 of the film antenna 333A shown in Figure 95 is formed. That is, in the film antenna 333E, an adhesive layer 338 such as adhesive or double-sided tape is provided on the first surface S1 of the resin film 334. The resin film 334 is adhered or fixed to the reflective material 339 via the adhesive layer 338.

[0426] Then, in the film antenna 333E, the thickness of the adhesive layer 338 is set so that the distance d between the opposing surfaces of the reflector 339 and the folded dipole antenna 335 is 1 mm or more. In the film antenna 333E of Figure 107, since only the adhesive layer 338 is interposed between the reflector 339 and the folded dipole antenna 335, the distance d is set by the thickness of the adhesive layer 338.

[0427] The film antenna 333E configured in this way is curved in an arc shape so that the second surface S2 of the resin film 334 is on the outside and the reflector 339 is on the inside. The film antenna 333E is then fixed to the inner side surface of the antenna mounting groove 31d using adhesive or double-sided tape. This allows the film antenna 333E to reflect radio waves radiated inward from the curved arc shape by the reflector 339.

[0428] As a result, the film antenna 333E can reflect the radio waves radiated from the inside of its arc-shaped curve to the outside of the antenna case 31, thereby preventing a decrease in antenna performance and extending the communication range.

[0429] (Seventh Embodiment) The following describes in detail the disaster detection device 1 according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention. This is an embodiment of another form of the disaster detection device 1 and the disaster detection system equipped with the disaster detection device 1. In the following description, only the differences from the first to sixth embodiments described above will be mainly explained. For this reason, the same reference numerals are used for components that are the same as those in the first to sixth embodiments, and detailed descriptions of those components are omitted as appropriate.

[0430] Generally, rockfall detection systems, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 2011-47252, for example, detect vibrations such as rockfalls and landslides using semiconductor sensor elements, convert the detection signal from the semiconductor sensor elements from an analog signal to a digital signal using an A / D converter, process the converted data with an MCU, and detect rockfalls and landslides by comparing the calculation result with pre-stored information. This rockfall detection system reduces power consumption by transmitting only the detection information of rockfalls, etc., from the rockfall detection device to the management device via wireless communication, and is able to operate continuously for a long period of time with a small battery built into the housing of the rockfall detection device.

[0431] Rockfall detection devices are required to reliably transmit alert signals, such as rockfall detection signals, to a management device installed at a distance from the device in order to warn of danger when rockfalls occur. For this reason, rockfall detection devices must be regularly maintained and inspected to ensure that there are no abnormalities (malfunctions) in the electronic circuits for detecting rockfalls, the wireless communication device for transmitting rockfall detection signals, and the battery that supplies power.

[0432] However, in order to reliably detect rockfalls, rockfall detection devices are generally installed in multiples at predetermined intervals in a single site where a disaster is expected to occur. Furthermore, rockfall detection devices are generally installed in dangerous locations where rockfalls are likely to occur (mountainous areas, steep slopes in mountainous regions, etc.). As a result, when multiple rockfall detection devices are installed in dangerous locations and are required to be maintained and inspected periodically (for example, every six months or year), maintenance costs increase due to labor costs for maintenance and inspection.

[0433] The technology disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 2011-47252 can reduce power consumption by transmitting information only about the detection of rockfalls, etc., to a management device via wireless communication. However, because it only transmits a rockfall detection signal to the management device when a rockfall occurs, there is a problem that if any of the semiconductor sensor element, A / D converter and MCU for detecting rockfalls, wireless communication device and antenna for transmitting the rockfall detection signal, or battery supplying power is malfunctioning when a rockfall occurs, the rockfall detection signal cannot be transmitted to the management device.

[0434] Furthermore, even if regular maintenance and inspections are performed, if a malfunction occurs in the rockfall detection device between the previous and next maintenance and inspections, there is a risk that the rockfall detection signal cannot be transmitted to the management device even if a rockfall occurs during the period from the time the malfunction occurs until the next maintenance and inspection.

[0435] Therefore, in the seventh embodiment, a disaster detection device and disaster detection system will be described that can suppress maintenance costs, remotely confirm the health of the disaster detection device, and reliably issue an alert signal when an influencing factor occurs.

[0436] Figure 108 shows an example of the installation of a disaster detection system according to the seventh embodiment. Figure 109 shows an example of the installation of a disaster detection device.

[0437] As shown in Figure 108, the disaster detection system 1000 comprises a plurality of disaster detection devices 1, a plurality of relay devices 600, and a central control device 700. The plurality of disaster detection devices 1 are arranged, for example, on the slope 900 beside a railway track (route) 800 on which railway vehicles (not shown) run.

[0438] The slope 900 is, for example, a topographic surface that is formed vertically and / or inclined, either naturally or artificially, and extends along the railway line 800. The slope 900 may be composed of, starting from a position away from the railway line 800 and moving toward the railway line 800, an inclined slope 900a that is a cause of slope disasters, and a concrete retaining wall 900b erected to directly suppress the collapse of the lower part of the slope 900a.

[0439] The disaster detection device 1 is installed, for example, at approximately equal intervals on the slope 900a and / or retaining wall 900b of the embankment 900, roughly parallel to the railway track 800. Alternatively, the disaster detection device 1 may be installed on the slope 900a, and protective fences or nets may be installed on the slope 900a and / or retaining wall 900b.

[0440] The spacing D between adjacent disaster detection devices 1 and the height H of each disaster detection device 1 (more specifically, the height H of the pole 42 of the pole unit 3) can be appropriately set according to parameters such as the type and frequency of natural disasters occurring in the installation area, the shape of the slope 900a such as the inclination angle, and the properties, particle size, and assumed rockfall size and weight of the soil forming the slope 900a.

[0441] For example, it is known that rockfalls that interfere with the operation of railway vehicles are 72 cm or larger in diameter and weigh 500 kg or larger. Here, a rockfall with a diameter of 72 cm and a weight of 500 kg is referred to as a minimum rockfall. In this embodiment, as an example, the installation interval D of adjacent disaster detection devices 1 can be set to approximately 20 cm to 50 cm. By setting the installation interval D to 20 cm to 50 cm, even if a minimum rockfall occurs as an influencing factor M, the disaster detection device 1 can reliably detect that the influencing factor M has collided. Furthermore, if the installation interval D is set to approximately 30 cm, even if a minimum rockfall occurs as an influencing factor M, at least two or more adjacent disaster detection devices 1 can detect that the influencing factor M has collided, thereby improving detection accuracy.

[0442] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 109, the jump height of the influencing factor M, such as falling rocks, is generally known to be 2m or less in the direction perpendicular to the slope 900a, except when the slope 900a has large irregularities. For this reason, in this embodiment, as an example, the height H of the pole 42 is set so that the distance between the slope 900a and the tip of the pole 42 of the disaster detection device 1 in the direction perpendicular to the slope 900a is 2m or more. That is, if the slope of the slope 900a is, for example, 30°, the height H of the pole 42 should be set to approximately 2.3m (H≒2.0m / √3×2) or more, and when the angle of inclination of the slope 900a from the horizontal is θ, it is good to set H≧2 / cosθ. Note that the height H of the pole 42 is set appropriately depending on the slope of the slope 900a and / or the size of the irregularities of the slope 900a. In this way, by setting the height H of the pole 42 of the disaster detection device 1, the influencing factor M will collide with the pole 42 of the disaster detection device 1 without flying over it, and the disaster detection device 1 can reliably detect that the influencing factor M has occurred (collided).

[0443] Each of the multiple disaster detection devices 1 is assigned a unique ID for individual identification. When no rockfall or other incident is detected (normal state), each disaster detection device 1 wirelessly transmits the unique ID assigned to it as health confirmation information (survival confirmation information) to the relay device 600 described later at predetermined time intervals (for example, 0.1 times / minute, 1 time / hour). The predetermined time interval can be set as appropriate. For example, the predetermined time interval can be set to 10 seconds, 30 seconds, 1 minute, 60 minutes, 1 day, etc. However, if the time interval is long, the health of the disaster detection device 1 during that time will be unknown, so it is best to set it to transmit the unique ID information at the shortest possible time interval. However, if the transmission interval is too short, power consumption will increase, so it is best to set it according to the battery capacity.

[0444] Furthermore, when the disaster detection device 1 detects that an influencing factor M such as a landslide, collapse, debris flow, soil, or rockfall has occurred (collided) on the slope 900a due to a slope disaster, etc. (i.e., when it detects a rockfall, etc.), it transmits to the relay device 600 wirelessly and / or via wire the unique ID information assigned to the disaster detection device 1 and an alert signal indicating that an influencing factor M has occurred (collided), i.e., that a rockfall, etc. has occurred (collided).

[0445] Furthermore, the unique ID information may be linked to the location information of the installation site where the disaster detection device 1 is installed, and when the disaster detection device 1 transmits the unique ID information to the relay device 600, it may transmit and / or (pre-register) the location information of its own installation site along with the unique ID information.

[0446] Furthermore, the disaster detection device 1 and the relay device 600 are not limited to being connected wirelessly; they may also be connected by a wired connection (such as a LAN cable or fiber optic cable). Connecting the disaster detection device 1 and the relay device 600 by a wired connection enables high-speed communication, allowing the relay device 600 to receive data from the disaster detection device 1 more reliably and without delay.

[0447] Alternatively, the disaster detection target area may be divided into multiple regions, and one wireless communication device may be provided for each group of multiple disaster detection devices 1 assigned to each region. That is, multiple disaster detection devices 1 belonging to the divided groups may be connected by wire, and data from multiple disaster detection devices 1 belonging to the group may be transmitted to the relay device 600 using a single wireless communication device. With this configuration, it becomes unnecessary for each of the multiple disaster detection devices 1 to have its own wireless communication device. More specifically, each of the multiple disaster detection devices 1 does not need to have the wireless communication unit 520 and transmitting antenna 33 described later, thus reducing manufacturing costs.

[0448] The relay device 600 is positioned to receive data transmitted wirelessly from multiple disaster detection devices 1 installed within a certain range (communication range). The data received by the relay device 600 includes unique ID information transmitted at predetermined time intervals as described above, and / or unique ID information and alert signals transmitted when an influencing factor M occurs.

[0449] For example, if the communication range (communication distance) of disaster detection device 1 is 2 km, the relay devices 600 will be placed at intervals of 2 km from the furthest disaster detection device 1. Each of the multiple relay devices 600 will receive data from multiple disaster detection devices 1 installed within a certain range (communication range), and will transmit the received data wirelessly and / or via wire to a remote central control unit 700 and / or signaling device. It is preferable that the relay devices 600 be placed outside the disaster detection target area.

[0450] The central control unit 700 is connected wirelessly and / or wired to multiple relay devices 600 and receives data from multiple disaster detection devices 1 transmitted via the relay devices 600. The central control unit 700 centrally manages the data transmitted from the multiple disaster detection devices 1 and received via the relay devices 600, and notifies the public by displaying information based on the received data, for example, on a display, so that it can be visually recognized.

[0451] Specifically, if the central control unit 700 cannot receive unique ID information transmitted from the disaster detection device 1 at predetermined time intervals, it notifies that there is an abnormality (malfunction) in the disaster detection device 1 to which the unreceived unique ID information was assigned. Furthermore, if the central control unit 700 receives unique ID information and an alert signal, it notifies that the disaster detection device 1 to which the received unique ID information was assigned has detected the occurrence of an influencing factor M (for example, a rockfall), i.e., that a disaster has occurred.

[0452] Furthermore, the notification of disaster detection by the central control unit 700 is not limited to displaying it on a screen; it may also be made visually recognizable, for example, by lighting up an LED. In addition, the notification is not limited to displaying it on a screen for visual recognition; for example, it may be made auditorily recognizable by emitting a sound, or tactilely recognizable by vibrating a vibrating body.

[0453] The influencing factor generation area A is the area where the occurrence of influencing factor M due to slope disasters, etc., is expected, and in this invention, it is the area on the slope 900a. The influencing factor intrusion area B is the area where the influencing factor M that has occurred is expected to intrude, and is the area near the retaining wall 900b and the railway track 800 (however, the disaster detection device 1 is not limited to being installed on the slope 900a, but can also be installed on the retaining wall 900b, etc.). That is, the influencing factor intrusion area B is the area where the influencing factor M, such as soil and rocks that have been generated, is expected to intrude when a slope disaster, etc., occurs in the influencing factor generation area A. Here, influencing factor M includes sandstorms, sediment flows, debris flows, pyroclastic flows, lava flows, tsunamis, floods, avalanches, rockfalls, boulder falls, fallen trees, driftwood, landslides, rockfalls, liquid flows, sandy flows, groups of pebbles, etc.

[0454] Disaster detection device 1 is installed in influence factor occurrence area A where the occurrence of influence factor M is expected. On the other hand, relay device 600 and central control device 700 are installed outside influence factor occurrence area A where the occurrence of influence factor M is expected, and / or influence factor intrusion area B where the intrusion of the occurring influence factor M is expected. By locating relay device 600 and central control device 700 outside influence factor occurrence area A where the occurrence of influence factor M is expected, and / or influence factor intrusion area B where the intrusion of the occurring influence factor M is expected, relay device 600, central control device 700, signal emitter, etc. will not be affected by the disaster when a disaster occurs. As a result, when the occurrence of influence factor M is detected by disaster detection device 1, an alert signal will be reliably transmitted to the central control device 700 and signal emitter, etc. via relay device 600.

[0455] In the example shown in Figure 108, the disaster detection device 1 is installed on the slope 900a next to the railway tracks 800. However, the disaster detection device 1 may also be installed near private homes, various facilities, or roads where a disaster caused by influencing factor M is expected to occur, near influencing factor area A, which has the potential to have a significant impact on the lives of citizens.

[0456] The configuration of the disaster detection device 1 is the same as in the embodiment described above. Below, the electrical configuration of the disaster detection device 1 and the disaster detection system 100 will be explained using Figures 110 and 111. Figure 110 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of the disaster detection device. Figure 111 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of the disaster detection system.

[0457] As shown in Figure 110, the disaster detection device 1 comprises a circuit board 25 and a transmitting antenna 33 connected to the circuit board 25 via an antenna cable. In addition to the magnetic sensor 25d described above, the circuit board 25 also comprises a control unit 510, a wireless communication unit 520, and a battery 530.

[0458] The control unit 510 comprehensively controls the entire disaster detection device 1. The control unit 510 is composed of a processor such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit) or FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array). The control unit 510 may operate according to a program stored in a memory unit (not shown) to control each part, or it may implement some or all of the functions using hardware electronic circuits.

[0459] The control unit 510, which constitutes the first control unit, determines whether or not an influencing factor M has occurred based on the detection result of the magnetic sensor 25d. The magnetic sensor 25d constitutes a detection unit that detects when an influencing factor M has occurred in a predetermined area (influencing factor occurrence area A where the occurrence of influencing factor M is expected). If the control unit 510 determines that an influencing factor M has not occurred, it controls the wireless communication unit 520 to transmit unique ID information assigned to the disaster detection device 1 at predetermined time intervals. On the other hand, if the control unit 510 determines that an influencing factor M has occurred, it controls the wireless communication unit 520 to transmit unique ID information assigned to the disaster detection device 1 and an alert signal indicating that an influencing factor M has occurred (collided).

[0460] The magnetic sensor 25d is, for example, composed of a reed switch comprising a glass tube and a pair of reed pieces (reed blades) housed therein. It is in an open state (off) when the permanent magnet 24 is far away and no magnetic force is applied, and in a closed state (on) when the permanent magnet 24 approaches and a magnetic force is applied. As described above, in the normal state, the permanent magnet 24 is attracted to the magnetic attraction member 45 and moves away from the reed switch, so the reed switch is in the open state. On the other hand, when the influencing factor M collides with the pole unit 3 and the pole unit 3 detaches from the main unit 2, the permanent magnet 24 moves towards the reed switch and the reed switch becomes closed.

[0461] The control unit 510 can detect whether or not an influencing factor M has occurred by monitoring the open / closed state of the reed switch constituting the magnetic sensor 25d. However, the control unit 510 is not limited to monitoring the open / closed state of the reed switch; for example, a predetermined signal (detection signal) may not be input to the control unit 510 when the reed switch is open, and a predetermined signal (detection signal) may be input to the control unit 510 when the reed switch is closed.

[0462] Furthermore, while the reed switch used is normally open, meaning it is open when no magnetic force is applied, it is not limited to this, and a normally closed reed switch, meaning it is closed when no magnetic force is applied, may also be used. In addition, the detection method for the occurrence of the influencing factor M is not limited to the method using the reed switch, and other detection methods may be used.

[0463] The wireless communication unit 520, which constitutes the first communication unit, transmits unique ID information wirelessly to the relay device 600 via the transmitting antenna 33 at predetermined time intervals based on the control of the control unit 510, when no influencing factor M occurs. On the other hand, when influencing factor M occurs, the wireless communication unit 520 wirelessly transmits unique ID information and an alert signal to the relay device 600 via the transmitting antenna 33, based on the control of the control unit 510.

[0464] Communication by the wireless communication unit 520 can be set, for example, to a communication distance of several meters to several tens of kilometers, and to a frequency band of 420 MHz, etc., but is not limited thereto. The communication frequency band for wireless transmission can be any of 135 kHz to 30 GHz, and is set appropriately according to the amount of data to be transmitted, the transmission speed, and / or the regulations of the radio wave law of the country of use.

[0465] The battery 530 supplies power to each circuit block of the circuit board 25 and the transmitting antenna 33. Furthermore, if the magnetic sensor 25d is configured as a reed switch, there is no need to supply power to the magnetic sensor 25d, significantly reducing the power consumption of the disaster detection device 1. In other words, in this embodiment, the health of the disaster detection device 1 can be confirmed with extremely low power consumption during normal operation.

[0466] As shown in Figure 111, the relay device 600 comprises a control unit 610, a wireless communication unit 620, and a transmitting / receiving antenna 630. The control unit 610 comprehensively controls the entire relay device 600. The control unit 610 is composed of a processor such as a CPU or FPGA. The control unit 610 may operate according to a program stored in a memory unit (not shown) to control each part, or it may implement some or all of the functions using hardware electronic circuits.

[0467] The wireless communication unit 620 receives data transmitted wirelessly from the disaster detection device 1 via the transmitting / receiving antenna 630, based on the control of the control unit 610. The wireless communication unit 620 also transmits the data received from the disaster detection device 1 wirelessly to the central control unit 700 via the transmitting / receiving antenna 630, based on the control of the control unit 610.

[0468] The relay device 600 is positioned within an area where wireless communication with the disaster detection device 1 is possible, and is capable of receiving data from multiple disaster detection devices 1 installed within that area. As a result, in the event of a large-scale landslide or similar event, the relay device 600 can sequentially receive unique ID information and alert signals from multiple disaster detection devices 1 and transmit them to the central control unit 700.

[0469] The central control unit 700 comprises a control unit 710, a storage unit 720, a wireless communication unit 730, a notification unit 740, and a receiving antenna 750. The central control unit 700 is configured, for example, as a general-purpose desktop or notebook computer, but is not limited to these, and may also be a tablet terminal, for example.

[0470] The control unit 710 comprehensively controls the entire central control unit 700. The control unit 710 is composed of a processor such as a CPU or FPGA. The control unit 710 may operate according to a program stored in the memory unit 720 to control each part, or it may implement some or all of the functions using hardware electronic circuits.

[0471] The wireless communication unit 730, which constitutes the second communication unit, receives data transmitted wirelessly from the relay device 600 via the receiving antenna 750, based on the control of the control unit 710. The control unit 710 stores the data received by the wireless communication unit 730 in the storage unit 720 along with the time of reception.

[0472] Preferably, the storage unit 720 stores data from the control unit 710 and also stores table information that associates unique ID information with location information of the installation site. The association between unique ID information and location information of the installation site may be done manually, but it can be done more easily by using a GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) such as GPS (Global Positioning System). Furthermore, the association between unique ID information and location information of the installation site is not limited to GNSS, and may also be done using Wi-Fi (Wireless Fidelity), RFID (Radio Frequency Identification), ultrasound, or UWB (Ultra-Wide Band), etc. However, as described above, when the disaster detection device 1 transmits location information of the installation site linked with unique ID information, the central control unit 700 does not need to have table information that associates unique ID information with location information of the installation site.

[0473] The control unit 710, which constitutes the second control unit, notifies the notification unit 740, based on the data stored in the storage unit 720, of when and which individual (location, position) of the disaster detection device 1 had an abnormality (failure), and / or when and which individual (location, position) of the disaster detection device 1 detected the influencing factor M.

[0474] Specifically, the control unit 710 refers to the data stored in the memory unit 720 and detects whether it has received unique ID information at predetermined time intervals. If the control unit 710 detects that unique ID information has not been received at predetermined time intervals, it acquires the location information of the installation site associated with that unique ID information and notifies the notification unit 740. If unique ID information has not been received at predetermined time intervals, it is highly likely that some kind of malfunction has occurred in the disaster detection device 1 that is supposed to transmit that unique ID information. Therefore, the control unit 710 notifies the notification unit 740 of the location information of the installation site of the disaster detection device 1 that has not been received at predetermined time intervals, as the location where the malfunction occurred in the disaster detection device 1. In addition to the location information of the installation site of the disaster detection device 1 where the malfunction occurred, the control unit 710 may also notify the notification unit 740 of the time the malfunction occurred, based on the reception time information stored in the memory unit 720.

[0475] Furthermore, if the data transmitted from the relay device 600 includes unique ID information and an alert signal, the control unit 710 refers to the storage unit 720, obtains the location information of the installation site associated with the unique ID information, and notifies the notification unit 740. If an alert signal is transmitted, there is a high probability that the disaster detection device 1 has detected the occurrence of influencing factor M (i.e., a disaster has occurred), so the control unit 710 notifies the notification unit 740 of the location information of the installation site of the disaster detection device 1 that detected the occurrence of influencing factor M, as the location where the disaster occurred. In addition, the control unit 710 may also notify the notification unit 740 of the unique ID information and the time the alert signal was received, in addition to the location information of the installation site of the disaster detection device 1 that detected the occurrence of influencing factor M.

[0476] Furthermore, as described above, if a minimum rockfall occurs as an influencing factor M, at least two adjacent disaster detection devices 1 can detect that the influencing factor M has collided. For this reason, the control unit 710 may notify the notification unit 740 of the location where a disaster has occurred when it receives an alert signal from at least two adjacent disaster detection devices 1.

[0477] Furthermore, it is conceivable that the influence of the magnetic attraction member 45 may temporarily weaken due to the swaying of the pole 42 caused by strong winds or earthquakes. When the influence of the magnetic attraction member 45 temporarily weakens, the permanent magnet 24 moves downward to the magnet housing 22c due to the influence of gravity. Subsequently, when the swaying of the pole 42 subsides, the permanent magnet 24 moves upward to the magnet housing 22c due to the influence of the magnetic attraction member 45.

[0478] Even in such cases, since magnetism is temporarily detected by the magnetic sensor 25d, the disaster detection device issues unique ID information and an alert signal. In other words, even though no disaster such as a rockfall has occurred, the alert signal is transmitted from the disaster detection device 1 to the central control unit 70 via the relay device 60.

[0479] Therefore, if the control unit 510 of the disaster detection device 1 detects magnetism by the magnetic sensor 25d, but then the magnetic sensor 25 stops detecting magnetism within a predetermined time (for example, within 1 minute, 3 minutes, or 5 minutes), it may send a recovery signal to the central control unit 700 via the relay device 600 to notify that the previous alert signal was a false alarm. In this case, the disaster detection device 1 sends the recovery signal along with its unique ID information.

[0480] When the control unit 74 of the central control unit 700 receives unique ID information and a recovery signal from the disaster detection device 1 via the relay device 600, it transmits the unique ID information from the disaster detection device 1 to which it was assigned, and notifies the notification unit 740 that the previously received alert signal was a false alarm. This allows it to recognize that the previously received alert signal was a false alarm and that no disaster such as a rockfall has occurred.

[0481] A relay device 600 is installed between the disaster detection device 1 and the central control unit 700. In this case, the relay device 600 can also be installed in a location where power can be secured, away from the influencing factor generation area A where the influencing factor M is expected to occur and the influencing factor intrusion area B where the influencing factor M is expected to enter once it has occurred. As a result, the relay device 600 can use a larger current than the disaster detection device 1, which has a built-in battery 530, and can also have a wider communication range than the disaster detection device 1.

[0482] This allows the central control unit 700 to be located far away from the relay devices 600, and to receive data from multiple relay devices 600. Furthermore, the relay devices 600 and the central control unit 700 can communicate using existing mobile phone lines, and by utilizing existing mobile phone lines, the central control unit 700 can be installed in a remote location.

[0483] Furthermore, the relay device 600 and the central control unit 700 can be connected by a wire (such as a LAN cable or fiber optic cable). Because a wired connection allows for high-speed communication, even if the distance between the relay device 600 and the central control unit 700 is long (i.e., the central control unit 700 is installed in a remote location), the central control unit 700 can receive data from the disaster detection device 1 without delay. Therefore, the central control unit 700 can more quickly and reliably notify the central control unit 700 of the occurrence of influencing factor M, i.e., the detection of a disaster.

[0484] Wired connections include direct connections via high-speed lines such as fiber optic lines and intranets, but connections via the internet or mobile communication networks are also acceptable as long as it is possible to quickly and reliably notify the authorities of the detection of a disaster. In addition to displaying the information on the central control unit 700's display, notification methods also include sending information about the detection of a disaster via email or other means to other signaling devices, personal computers, mobile phones, smartphones, and other mobile terminals.

[0485] In this embodiment, a relay device 600 is installed between the disaster detection device 1 and the central control unit 700, and data transmitted from the disaster detection device 1 is transmitted to the central control unit 700 via the relay device 600. However, the configuration is not limited to this. For example, if the central control unit 700 can be installed within the communication range of the disaster detection device 1, or if the communication range of the disaster detection device 1 can be widened, data may be transmitted directly wirelessly from the disaster detection device 1 to the central control unit 700 without going through the relay device 600.

[0486] Next, we will explain the operation of the disaster detection system 1000 configured in this way.

[0487] First, the operation of the disaster detection device 1 will be explained. Figure 112 is a flowchart illustrating an example of the operation of the disaster detection device according to the seventh embodiment.

[0488] The control unit 510 receives the detection result from the magnetic sensor 25d (S1). Based on the detection result from the magnetic sensor 25d, the control unit 510 determines whether or not it has detected the occurrence of the influencing factor M (S2). As described above, the magnetic sensor 25d is composed of, for example, a reed switch, and the control unit 510 determines the occurrence of the influencing factor M based on the open / closed state of the reed switch.

[0489] If the control unit 510 determines that it has not detected the occurrence of the influencing factor M (S2:NO), it determines whether a predetermined time has elapsed (S3). If the control unit 510 determines that the predetermined time has not elapsed (S3:NO), it returns to the process of S1 and repeats the same process.

[0490] On the other hand, if the control unit 510 determines that a predetermined time has elapsed (S3: YES), it transmits unique ID information (S4). The transmission of the unique ID information is performed by the wireless communication unit 520 based on the control of the control unit 510. When the process in S4 is completed, the control unit 510 returns to the process in S1 and repeats the same process.

[0491] Furthermore, if the control unit 510 determines that it has detected the occurrence of influencing factor M during processing S2 (S2: YES), it issues unique ID information and an alert signal (S5) and terminates the process. The wireless communication unit 520 issues the unique ID information and alert signal based on the control of the control unit 510.

[0492] As described above, if the disaster detection device 1 does not detect the occurrence of influencing factor M, it transmits unique ID information at predetermined time intervals. On the other hand, if the disaster detection device 1 detects the occurrence of influencing factor M, it issues an alert signal indicating the occurrence of influencing factor M in addition to the unique ID information. The data transmitted from the disaster detection device 1 is received by the central control unit 700 via the relay device 600.

[0493] Next, the operation of the central control unit 700 will be described. Figure 113 is a flowchart illustrating an example of the operation of the central control unit according to the seventh embodiment.

[0494] The control unit 710 receives data from the disaster detection device 1 (S11). The data is received by the wireless communication unit 730 via the receiving antenna 750 and transmitted to the control unit 710. The data received by the central control unit 700 may also be data transmitted from the disaster detection device 1 via the relay device 600.

[0495] Next, the control unit 710 stores the received data in the storage unit 720 along with the reception time (S12). Subsequently, the control unit 710 determines whether or not the received data contains an alert signal (S13). If the control unit 710 determines that the received data does not contain an alert signal (S13: NO), it determines whether or not unique ID information has been received at a predetermined time interval (S14).

[0496] If the control unit 710 determines that it has received unique ID information at predetermined time intervals (S14: YES), it returns to the process in S11 and repeats the same process. On the other hand, if the control unit 710 determines that it has not received unique ID information at predetermined time intervals (S14: NO), it identifies the location information of the installation location of the disaster detection device 1 associated with the unique ID information (S15).

[0497] If unique ID information cannot be received at predetermined time intervals, it indicates that some kind of malfunction has occurred in the disaster detection device 1 associated with the unique ID information. The control unit 710 refers to the table information stored in the storage unit 720 and detects the location information of the installation site of the disaster detection device 1 associated with the unique ID information. By detecting the location information of the installation site of the disaster detection device 1 associated with the unique ID information, it is possible to identify which location or position of the disaster detection device 1 has experienced a malfunction.

[0498] Next, the control unit 710 causes the notification unit 740 to notify it of the location information of the disaster detection device 1 where the abnormality occurred (S16). Once the process in S16 is completed, the control unit 710 returns to the process in S11 and repeats the same process.

[0499] On the other hand, if the control unit 710 determines in processing S13 that the received data contains an alert signal (S13: YES), it identifies the location information of the installation location of the disaster detection device 1, which is associated with the unique ID information (S17).

[0500] If the received data includes an alert signal, it indicates that the disaster detection device 1 has detected the occurrence of influencing factor M. The control unit 710 refers to the table information stored in the storage unit 720 and detects the location information of the installation site of the disaster detection device 1, which is associated with the unique ID information. By detecting the location information of the installation site of the disaster detection device 1, which is associated with the unique ID information, it is possible to identify where and at what location a disaster such as a rockfall occurred.

[0501] Next, the control unit 710 causes the notification unit 740 to notify the location information of the installation site of the disaster detection device 1 that detected the occurrence of the influencing factor M (S18). When the processing in S18 is completed, the control unit 710 returns to the processing in S11 and repeats the same process.

[0502] Through the above process, if the central control unit 700 has not received the unique ID information at a predetermined time interval, it can determine that an abnormality has occurred in the disaster detection device 1 associated with that unique ID information and notify the notification unit 740.

[0503] On the other hand, when the central control unit 700 receives unique ID information and an alert signal, it can notify the notification unit 740 that a disaster or other incident has occurred at the location where the disaster detection device 1 associated with that unique ID information is installed.

[0504] For example, if the distance parallel to the railway line 800 in the area where the influencing factor occurs is 1 km, and the installation interval D of the disaster detection device 1 is 30 cm, then it would be necessary to install more than 3300 disaster detection devices 1. If such a large number of disaster detection devices 1 are to be maintained and inspected periodically (for example, every six months or a year), enormous maintenance costs will be incurred due to the labor costs and other expenses involved in maintenance and inspection.

[0505] In this embodiment, the disaster detection device 1 transmits unique ID information at predetermined time intervals. However, if any abnormality occurs in the disaster detection device 1, it can be configured to be unable to transmit unique ID information at predetermined time intervals. Therefore, if there is a disaster detection device 1 that does not transmit unique ID information at predetermined time intervals, it is possible to determine that some kind of abnormality has occurred in that disaster detection device 1.

[0506] The administrator managing the disaster detection device 1 can accurately identify only the location of the malfunctioning disaster detection device 1 when an abnormality occurs in the device. Furthermore, the administrator only needs to perform repair or replacement work on the malfunctioning disaster detection device 1, eliminating the need for regular maintenance and inspections. As a result, the disaster detection device 1 of this embodiment does not require labor costs for regular maintenance and inspections, thus reducing maintenance costs.

[0507] Furthermore, because administrators can immediately identify and repair or replace any malfunctioning disaster detection device 1, it is possible to keep the disaster detection device 1 installed in the influencing factor area A in a state of constant normal operation. As a result, the disaster detection device 1 can reliably transmit an alert signal to the central control unit 700 when it detects the occurrence of influencing factor M.

[0508] As described above, the disaster detection device 1 and disaster detection system 1000 of this embodiment reduce maintenance costs, reliably issue alert signals when influencing factors occur, and allow for remote monitoring of the health of the disaster detection device 1 during normal times.

[0509] (First modification of the seventh embodiment) Next, a first modified example of the seventh embodiment will be described.

[0510] In the seventh embodiment, data is transmitted between the disaster detection device 1 and the central control unit 700 using wireless communication. However, wireless communication may experience reduced communication speed or communication errors due to radio wave interference, signal disruption, or communication failures caused by bad weather. If the communication speed is reduced or communication errors occur, even if the disaster detection device 1 transmits unique ID information at predetermined time intervals, the central control unit 700 may not be able to receive the unique ID information at predetermined time intervals. If the central control unit 700 cannot receive the unique ID information at predetermined time intervals, it may mistakenly detect that an abnormality (malfunction) has occurred in the normal disaster detection device 1, which is transmitting unique ID information at predetermined time intervals.

[0511] Therefore, in the first modified example of the seventh embodiment, a disaster detection system 1000 that does not falsely detect an abnormality in a normal disaster detection device 1 will be described.

[0512] If the control unit 710 of the central control unit 700 has not received the unique ID information of any of the disaster detection devices 1 within a predetermined time interval (for example, 10 minutes), it determines whether a certain amount of time (for example, 20 minutes since the last reception) has elapsed since the reception stopped. If the unique ID information cannot be received even after a certain amount of time (20 minutes) has elapsed, it determines that an abnormality has occurred in the disaster detection device 1. When the control unit 710 determines that an abnormality has occurred, it notifies the notification unit 740 of the location information of the installation site of the disaster detection device 1 associated with the unique ID information.

[0513] However, if a temporary decrease in communication speed or a communication error occurs, and the unique ID information cannot be received at a predetermined time interval (10 minutes), but then (for example, within 20 minutes of the last reception) the unique ID information can be received at the predetermined time interval again, the control unit 710 will not consider that an abnormality has occurred in the disaster detection device 1, but will consider that it has automatically recovered. This prevents false detection of a malfunction in a normal disaster detection device 1.

[0514] Furthermore, the specified time is not limited to 20 minutes, but can be set as appropriate according to the predetermined time interval at which the disaster detection device 1 transmits its unique ID information. For example, if the predetermined time interval is 10 seconds, the specified time can be set to 30 seconds or 1 minute, and if the predetermined time interval is 1 minute, the specified time can be set to 3 minutes or 5 minutes, etc.

[0515] Next, the operation of the central control unit 700 will be described. Figure 114 is a flowchart illustrating an example of the operation of the central control unit, relating to the first modified example of the seventh embodiment. In Figure 114, the same reference numerals are used for processes that are the same as those in Figure 113, and their explanation is omitted.

[0516] If the control unit 710 determines in the process of S14 that it has not received unique ID information at a predetermined time interval, it determines whether a certain amount of time has elapsed (S21).

[0517] If the control unit 710 determines that a certain amount of time has not elapsed (S21: NO), it returns to the process in S11 and repeats the same process. Subsequently, if the control unit 710 determines in the process in S14 that it has been able to receive unique ID information at predetermined time intervals, it returns to the process in S11 and repeats the same process. In this way, if the control unit 710 is able to receive unique ID information at predetermined time intervals before a certain amount of time has elapsed, it will no longer notify the occurrence of an anomaly.

[0518] On the other hand, if the control unit 710 determines that a certain amount of time has elapsed (S21: YES), in the process of S15, it identifies the location information of the installation site of the disaster detection device 1 corresponding to the unique ID information, and in the process of S16, it notifies the notification unit 740 of the location information of the installation site of the disaster detection device 1 where the abnormality occurred. The other processes are the same as those in Figure 113.

[0519] As described above, when the control unit 710 fails to receive unique ID information at predetermined time intervals, it determines whether a certain amount of time has elapsed, and if a certain amount of time has elapsed, it determines that an abnormality has occurred. As a result, if the communication speed decreases or a communication error occurs, and it temporarily becomes impossible to receive unique ID information at predetermined time intervals, but then it becomes possible to receive unique ID information at predetermined time intervals again, the central control unit 700 will no longer determine that an abnormality has occurred in the normal disaster detection device 1.

[0520] Therefore, according to the first modified example of the disaster detection system 1000, it is possible to notify the notification unit 740 only of information (installation location) of a disaster detection device 1 that has actually malfunctioned, without falsely detecting that a malfunction has occurred in a normal disaster detection device 1.

[0521] (Second modified example of the seventh embodiment) Next, a second modified example of the seventh embodiment will be described.

[0522] As described above, if disaster detection devices 1 are installed at 30 cm (300 mm) intervals, and a minimum rockfall with a diameter of 72 cm (720 mm) occurs as an influencing factor M, the occurrence of influencing factor M will be detected by at least two adjacent disaster detection devices 1. For example, if the outer diameter of pole 42 is 6 cm (60 mm), the occurrence of influencing factor M will be detected probabilistically by 2.63 disaster detection devices 1. Therefore, even if there is a malfunction in any one of these 2.63 disaster detection devices 1, an alert signal will be issued along with unique ID information by the other adjacent disaster detection devices 1.

[0523] However, if two or more adjacent disaster detection devices (2.63 units) are both malfunctioning, even if a small rockfall comes into contact with these two or more adjacent disaster detection devices 1 that are malfunctioning, an alert signal will not be issued from those devices 1, and there is a risk of missing the occurrence of influencing factor M. Therefore, if there is a possibility that two or more adjacent disaster detection devices 1 have malfunctioned (i.e., if unique ID information cannot be received from two or more adjacent disaster detection devices 1 at predetermined time intervals), it is necessary to reliably and immediately notify the location information of the installation site.

[0524] Therefore, in the second modification of the seventh embodiment, a disaster detection system 1000 that can reliably and immediately notify location information of the installation site when there is a possibility that an abnormality has occurred in two or more adjacent disaster detection devices 1 will be described.

[0525] If there is a disaster detection device 1 that has not received unique ID information within a predetermined time interval, the control unit 710 determines whether it has not received unique ID information from two or more adjacent disaster detection devices 1.

[0526] If one disaster detection device 1 has not received unique ID information as health confirmation information (survival confirmation information) at a predetermined time interval, the control unit 710 determines that an abnormality has occurred if unique ID information is not received even after a certain period of time has elapsed, and notifies the location information of the installation site.

[0527] On the other hand, if the control unit 710 determines that it has not received unique ID information as health confirmation information (survival confirmation information) from two or more adjacent disaster detection devices 1, it determines that an abnormality has occurred at that point, even if a certain amount of time (for example, 20 minutes since the last reception) has not elapsed, and immediately notifies the location information of the installation site.

[0528] If the notification unit 740 notifies the administrator that an abnormality has occurred in two or more adjacent disaster detection devices 1, the administrator will immediately carry out repair or replacement work based on the location information of the installation site. This ensures that the administrator will not miss the occurrence of influencing factor M when it occurs.

[0529] Here, we will explain the number of individuals in disaster detection device 1 that will probabilistically collide with the influencing factor M when a minimum rockfall occurs.

[0530] Figure 115 is a diagram illustrating the collision between the disaster detection device and the influencing factors. In the following explanation, the rightmost, leftmost, rightmost, and leftmost points refer to the rightmost, leftmost, rightmost, and leftmost points, respectively, relative to Figure 115.

[0531] Figure 115 shows an example where disaster detection devices 1 are installed at 30 cm (300 mm) intervals. To distinguish the poles 42 of each disaster detection device 1, they are labeled 42a, 42b, 42c, and 42d from left to right. In the example in Figure 115, the right end of pole 42a is set as the reference point (0 mm), and the distances between the reference point and the left end of the influencing factor M are shown as 0 mm, 120 mm, and 300 mm. The outer diameter of poles 42a, 42b, 42c, and 42d is 6 cm (60 mm).

[0532] As shown in Figure 115, when the distance between the reference point and the left end of the influencing factor M is 0 mm, the left end of the influencing factor M contacts (collides with) the right end of pole 42a. Also, when the distance between the reference point and the left end of the influencing factor M is 120 mm, the right end of the influencing factor M contacts (collides with) the left end of pole 42d. Furthermore, when the distance between the reference point and the left end of the influencing factor M is 300 mm, the left end of the influencing factor M contacts (collides with) the right end of pole 42b.

[0533] Specifically, if the distance between the reference point and the left end of the influencing factor M is greater than 0 mm and less than 120 mm, the influencing factor M will collide with two poles, 42b and 42c. On the other hand, if the distance between the reference point and the left end of the influencing factor M is 120 mm or more and 300 mm or less, the influencing factor M will collide with three poles, 42b, 42c, and 42d.

[0534] At this time, the probabilistic number of individuals P colliding due to the minimum rockfall is calculated by the following equations (1) and (2).

number

number

[0535] In equations (1) and (2), W is the distance between disaster detection devices 1 (distance between poles 42), which is 300 mm in the example shown in Figure 115.

[0536] Furthermore, in equations (1) and (2), Dmin is the diameter of the minimum rockfall (diameter of the influencing factor M), which is 720 [mm] in the example shown in Figure 115.

[0537] Furthermore, in equation (2), d is the outer diameter of pole 42, which is 60 [mm] in the example shown in Figure 115.

[0538] Furthermore, in equation (1), floor(Dmin / W) is the floor function and returns the largest integer not exceeding Dmin / W. In other words, floor(Dmin / W) is Dmin / W with the decimal part truncated.

[0539] Furthermore, in equations (1) and (2), ceil(Dmin / W) is the ceiling function and returns the smallest integer not less than Dmin / W. In other words, ceil(Dmin / W) is Dmin / W rounded up. In the example in Figure 115, Dmin is 720 [mm] and W is 300 [mm], so floor(Dmin / W) truncates the decimal part and returns 2. On the other hand, ceil(Dmin / W) rounds up the decimal part and returns 3.

[0540] Furthermore, in equations (1) and (2), r is the distance between the other end of the smallest rockfall and the end of pole 42 that is not in contact with the other end (pole 42d in the example of Figure 115), when one end of the smallest rockfall is in contact with one end of pole 42 (pole 42a in the example of Figure 115). Since ceil(Dmin / W) is 3, W is 300, Dmin is 720, and d is 60, r can be calculated from equation (2) as r = 3 * 300 - 720 - 60 = 120 [mm].

[0541] By substituting r into equation (1), the probabilistic collision population P is calculated as P = (2·120 + 3·(300-120)) / 300 = 2.63 [persons].

[0542] For example, if the spacing W of the disaster detection device 1 (spacing of poles 42) is 200 [mm], the diameter of the minimum rockfall (diameter of influencing factor M) Dmin is 820 [mm], and the outer diameter d of pole 42 is 50 [mm], then from equation (2), r can be calculated as r = 5 * 200 - 820 - 50 = 130 [mm]. Substituting this r into equation (1), the probabilistic number of collision individuals P can be calculated as P = (4 * 130 + 5 * (200 - 130)) / 200 = 4.35 [individuals].

[0543] Thus, once the spacing between disaster detection devices 1 (spacing between poles 42) W, the diameter of the minimum rockfall (diameter of influencing factor M) Dmin, and the outer diameter d of pole 42 are determined, it is possible to calculate the number of disaster detection devices 1 that will be probabilistically hit by influencing factor M.

[0544] Next, the operation of the central control unit 700 will be described. Figure 116 is a flowchart illustrating an example of the operation of the central control unit, relating to a second modified example of the seventh embodiment. In Figure 116, the same reference numerals are used for processes that are the same as those in Figure 114, and their explanation is omitted.

[0545] If the control unit 710 determines in the processing of S14 that it has not received unique ID information at a predetermined time interval, it determines whether or not it has not received unique ID information from two or more adjacent disaster detection devices 1 (S31).

[0546] If the control unit 710 determines that it has not received unique ID information from two or more adjacent disaster detection devices 1 (S31: YES), in the process of S15, it identifies the location information of the installation location of the disaster detection device 1 corresponding to the unique ID information, and in the process of S16, it notifies the notification unit 740 of the location information of the installation location of the disaster detection device 1 where the abnormality occurred.

[0547] On the other hand, if the control unit 710 determines that it has received unique ID information from two or more adjacent disaster detection devices 1 (S31: NO), specifically, if there is one disaster detection device 1 that has not received unique ID information within a predetermined time interval, it determines in process S21 whether a certain amount of time has elapsed. If the control unit 710 determines that a certain amount of time has elapsed, in process S15 it identifies the location information of the disaster detection device 1 corresponding to the unique ID information, and in process S16 it notifies the notification unit 740 of the location information of the disaster detection device 1 where the abnormality occurred.

[0548] As described above, if there is one disaster detection device 1 that has not received unique ID information at a predetermined time interval, the control unit 710 will, after a certain period of time has elapsed, notify the notification unit 740 of the location information of the disaster detection device 1 where the abnormality occurred.

[0549] On the other hand, if there are two or more adjacent disaster detection devices 1 that have not been able to receive unique ID information within a predetermined time interval, the control unit 710 immediately notifies the notification unit 740 of the location information of the disaster detection device 1 where the abnormality occurred.

[0550] As described above, according to the second modified disaster detection system 1000, if there is a possibility that an abnormality has occurred in two or more adjacent disaster detection devices 1, the location information of the installation site can be reliably and immediately reported to the notification unit 740.

[0551] (Third modified example of the seventh embodiment) Next, a third modified example of the seventh embodiment will be described.

[0552] In the seventh embodiment, the disaster detection device 1 transmitted unique ID information once per transmission and transmitted unique ID information and an alert signal once per alarm. However, if the communication environment deteriorates due to radio wave interference or other problems, it may become difficult for the receiving central control unit 700 to recover the data. If it becomes difficult to recover the received data, there is a risk of falsely detecting that an abnormality (malfunction) has occurred in a normal disaster detection device 1, and / or missing the occurrence of rockfalls or the like.

[0553] Therefore, in the third modified example of the seventh embodiment, a disaster detection system 1000 is described that does not falsely detect an abnormality in a normal disaster detection device 1, and / or does not miss the occurrence of rockfalls or the like.

[0554] The control unit 510 of the disaster detection device 1 transmits and / or issues multiple data for each transmission (health confirmation) and / or alert (rockfall detection). Specifically, when the control unit 510 wirelessly transmits unique ID information as health confirmation information (survival confirmation information) at predetermined time intervals (10 minutes), it transmits multiple (eight IDs) of unique ID information in a single transmission. In addition, when the control unit 510 detects the occurrence of rockfalls, etc. (occurrence of influencing factor M), it issues multiple (eight IDs and eight alerts) of unique ID information and alert signals in a single alert. Note that the data to be transmitted is not limited to eight data points; for example, the control unit 510 may control the wireless communication unit 520 to transmit and / or issue five or ten data points for each transmission and / or alert.

[0555] Next, the operation of the disaster detection device 1 will be described. Figure 117 is a flowchart illustrating an example of the operation of the disaster detection device, relating to the third modified example of the seventh embodiment. In Figure 117, the same reference numerals are used for processes that are the same as those in Figure 112, and their explanation is omitted.

[0556] In the process of S3, if the control unit 510 determines that a predetermined time has elapsed, it transmits multiple unique ID information signals (S41). Also, in the process of S2, if the control unit 510 determines that it has detected the occurrence of influencing factor M, it sends multiple unique ID information signals and alert signals (S42). The other processes are the same as those in Figure 112.

[0557] In the process shown in Figure 117, multiple transmissions and alerts are made, but it is also possible to make multiple transmissions or alerts, or only one of them. It is important to reliably notify of the occurrence of rockfalls, etc. For this reason, for example, unique ID information transmitted at predetermined time intervals may be transmitted once per transmission, while unique ID information and alert signals to notify of the occurrence of influencing factor M may be transmitted multiple times per alert.

[0558] As described above, the control unit 510 transmits and / or signals the same data multiple times for each transmission and / or alert. Even if a bit error occurs in part of the data due to radio wave interference or other malfunctions, making it impossible to restore the data normally, the receiving side can restore the data normally as long as at least one of the multiple transmitted data does not have a bit error. As a result, the central control unit 700 can reliably restore the unique ID information and will not mistakenly detect that an abnormality has occurred in a normal disaster detection device 1. In addition, the central control unit 700 can reliably restore the alert signal and can reliably detect the occurrence of rockfalls, etc.

[0559] Therefore, according to the third modified example of the disaster detection system 1000, there will be no false detection of a malfunction in a normal disaster detection device 1, and / or the occurrence of rockfalls, etc. will not be overlooked.

[0560] Furthermore, the steps in the flowcharts in this specification may be executed in a different order, executed simultaneously, or executed in a different order each time, as long as this does not contradict their nature.

[0561] Furthermore, the railway vehicles 100 mentioned above include locomotives, passenger cars, freight cars, special vehicles, and maglev trains. Locomotives include electric locomotives, internal combustion locomotives (diesel locomotives), steam locomotives, etc. Passenger cars include electric trains, Shinkansen trains, internal combustion railcars (diesel railcars), passenger cars, etc. Freight cars include electric freight trains, freight cars, baggage cars, etc. Special vehicles include snowplows, track testing vehicles, electric testing vehicles, etc.

[0562] By the way, in the materials of the components of the disaster detection device 1 described above, metals include ferrous metals and non-ferrous metals. Ferrous metals include steel (carbon content <0.02%), cast iron (carbon content >2.14%), etc. Steel includes ordinary steels such as general structural rolled steel (SS), carbon steel (SC), welded structural rolled steel (SM), and cold-rolled steel (SPCC), as well as special steels such as machine structural alloy steel, tool steel, and special-purpose steel.

[0563] Alloy steels for machine structures include carbon steel, which includes alloy steels such as chromium steel (SCr) and nickel-chromium steel (SNC). Tool steels include carbon tool steel (SK), alloy tool steel (SKD), and high-speed tool steel (SKH). Special-purpose steels include low-alloy spring steel (SUP), bearing steel (SUJ), free-cutting steel (SUM), high-alloy stainless steel (SUS), heat-resistant steel (SUH), and high-manganese steel.

[0564] Cast iron includes gray cast iron (FC) and spheroidal graphite cast iron (FCD). Non-ferrous metals may include light metals such as aluminum, magnesium, sodium, potassium, calcium, lithium, and titanium; base metals such as copper, tin, zinc, and lead; rare metals such as nickel, chromium, manganese, molybdenum, tungsten, bismuth, cadmium, and cobalt; rare earth elements such as cerium, neodymium, and praseodymium; precious metals such as gold, silver, and platinum; and radioactive metals such as uranium and plutonium. Alloys containing these metals are also included.

[0565] Nonmetals include wood, synthetic resins including plastics, paper, flame-retardant treated wood, plywood, glass, ceramics, pottery, porcelain, rubber, natural resins, synthetic resins, concrete, asphalt, and composite materials thereof.

[0566] Synthetic resins include thermosetting resins such as phenolic resin (PF), epoxy resin (EP), melamine resin (MF), urea resin (urea resin, UF), unsaturated polyester resin (UP), alkyd resin, polyurethane (PUR), and thermosetting polyimide (PI); thermoplastic resins (general-purpose plastics) such as polyethylene (PE), high-density polyethylene (HDPE), medium-density polyethylene (MDPE), low-density polyethylene (LDPE), polypropylene (PP), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyvinylidene chloride, polystyrene (PS), polyvinyl acetate (PVAc), polyurethane (PUR), Teflon® (polytetrafluoroethylene, PTFE), ABS resin (acrylonitrile butadiene styrene resin), AS resin, and acrylic resin (PMMA); various nylons, i.e., polyamides (PA), polyacetals (POM), polycarbonates (PC), modified polyphenylene ethers (m-PPE, modified PPE, PPO), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and glass fiber reinforced polyethylene. Thermoplastic resins (engineering plastics) such as terephthalate (GF-PET), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT)-containing polyesters, cyclic polyolefins (COP), polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), polysulfone (PSF), polyethersulfone (PES), amorphous polyarylate (PAR), liquid crystal polymer (LCP), polyetheretherketone (PEEK), thermoplastic polyimide (PI), and polyamideimide (PAI). It includes thermoplastic resins (super engineering plastics) such as polyamide-imide, polymer alloys which are composites thereof, bioabsorbable polymers such as trimethylene carbonate (TMC), polyglycolic acid (PGA), polylactic acid (PLA), poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA), and poly-DL-lactic acid (PDLLA), and also includes so-called FRP and various reinforcing materials which are made by mixing reinforcing materials such as glass fibers, carbon fibers, silicon fibers, aramid fibers, and metal fibers.

[0567] Glass includes soda-lime glass, potash glass, crystal glass, quartz glass, polarized glass, double-glazed glass (eco-glass), tempered glass, laminated glass, heat-resistant glass / borosilicate glass, bulletproof glass, glass fiber, so-called photocatalytic cleaning glass (including those with a titanium oxide layer on the surface or with an extremely fine uneven structure), water glass, uranium glass, acrylic glass, dichroic glass, goldstone / brownishite / agatestone / purpleishite, glass ceramics, low-melting-point glass, metallic glass, sapphiret, phase-splitting glass, porous glass, liquid glass or liquid glass, hybrid glass, organic glass, and lead glass.

[0568] Ceramics include elemental ceramics such as oxide, hydroxide, carbide, carbonate, nitride, halide, and phosphate ceramics, as well as fine ceramics such as barium titanate, high-temperature superconducting ceramics, boron nitride, ferrite, lead zirconate titanate, aluminum oxide, silicon carbide, silicon nitride, steatite, zinc oxide, and zirconia.

[0569] Elastic rubbers (synthetic rubbers) include the R group (excluding natural rubber) such as butadiene rubber (BR), styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), chloroprene rubber (CR), nitrile rubber (NBR), and polyisobutylene (butyl rubber IIR); the M group such as ethylene propylene rubber (EPM, EPDM), chlorosulfonated polyethylene (CSM), acrylic rubber (ACM), and fluororubber (FKM); the O group such as epichlorohydrin rubber (CO, ECO); the U group such as urethane rubber (U); and the Q group such as silicone rubber (Q).

[0570] Concrete includes ordinary concrete, high-strength concrete, high-early-strength concrete, shielding concrete, lightweight concrete, greening concrete, watertight concrete, reinforced concrete, etc. Reinforced concrete includes reinforced concrete, bamboo-reinforced concrete, concrete-filled steel tube structures (CFT), steel fiber reinforced concrete (SFRC), glass fiber reinforced concrete (GFRC, GRC), carbon fiber reinforced concrete (CFRC), and so-called ancient concrete represented by Roman concrete.

[0571] Asphalt includes straight asphalt, blown asphalt, waterproofing asphalt, and modified asphalt for paving, etc.

[0572] The inventions described in the above embodiments and modifications are not limited to those embodiments and modifications, and various modifications can be made in the implementation stage without departing from the gist of the invention. Furthermore, the above embodiments and modifications include inventions at various stages, and various inventions can be extracted by appropriate combinations of the multiple constituent elements disclosed.

[0573] For example, if the problem described can be solved and the effect described can be obtained even if some of the constituent elements shown in each embodiment are deleted, then the configuration with the deleted constituent elements can be extracted as an invention.

[0574] The present invention described above includes a disaster detection device for detecting disasters such as rockfalls, rockslides, landslides, and debris flows.

[0575] Steep slopes such as cliffs and embankments in mountainous areas and mountainous regions are at risk of severe damage from natural disasters such as rockfalls, bouldering, landslides, mudslides, and debris flows. Therefore, protective fences and nets are installed on steep slopes in areas where natural disasters are expected to prevent damage to railway lines, roads, and other infrastructure passing below cliffs and over ridges, as well as to nearby facilities and private homes.

[0576] Furthermore, disaster detection devices that detect the occurrence of natural disasters and identify precursors to earthquakes, landslides, and other disasters at an early stage are well known. Various proposals have been made for such disaster detection devices to detect the occurrence of natural disasters in advance and mitigate extensive damage.

[0577] Conventional disaster detection devices include, for example, as described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 9-280906, methods for detecting disasters such as rockfalls, rockfalls, landslides, and debris flows using methods such as shock acceleration sensing using electrodynamic vibrometers, wire breakage sensing using electrically charged wires, and pressure sensing using piezoelectric plates. These methods are well known. Furthermore, conventional disaster detection devices include, for example, as described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 2000-180219, methods for detecting disasters such as rockfalls, rockfalls, landslides, and debris flows using methods such as detection wires that mechanically detect abnormalities in detection wires laid in the monitored section, detection methods that detect measurement parameters such as abnormal vibrations by burying vibration (acceleration) sensors etc. in the monitored section, and optical fiber sensor methods that lay sensor optical fibers in each monitored section and detect changes in propagating light. These methods are well known.

[0578] Incidentally, most conventional disaster detection devices require constant standby power consumption and thus necessitate power supply equipment. Therefore, conventional disaster detection devices require ancillary work such as the installation of power cables and cable laying to utilize commercial power. Furthermore, optical fiber sensor-type disaster detection devices require the laying of optical fibers for the sensors. Moreover, in mountainous areas and mountainous regions where commercial power infrastructure is inadequate, it becomes necessary to install power generation facilities using renewable energy sources such as solar, wind, and geothermal power.

[0579] Thus, conventional disaster detection devices have challenges such as the need for large-scale construction work and the costs of expanding power supply facilities, as well as the need for cleaning, replacement of damaged solar panels and other components at power generation facilities, replacement of ancillary equipment such as storage batteries and power conditioners, and various maintenance costs, resulting in operating costs.

[0580] Furthermore, even if conventional disaster detection devices are equipped with built-in batteries or other storage devices, their operating period is limited by the electrical energy consumption of the batteries for standby power consumption. As a result, conventional disaster detection devices require regular maintenance such as charging and replacing batteries, which incurs operational costs.

[0581] This invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and provides a disaster detection device that does not require large-scale ancillary construction work, can suppress operating costs, and can be operated at low cost for a long period of time.

[0582] Furthermore, the present invention particularly includes an influencing factor detector and a disaster detection device that are mounted on devices for detecting influencing factors that cause disasters such as rockfalls, rockslides, landslides, and debris flows.

[0583] In mountainous areas and mountainous regions, steep slopes such as cliffs and embankments are susceptible to disasters caused by influencing factors such as rockfalls, bouldering, landslides, mudslides, and debris flows. Therefore, in areas where disasters are expected due to influencing factors, protective fences and nets are installed on steep slopes to prevent damage to railway lines, roads, and other infrastructure passing below cliffs and over ridges, as well as to nearby facilities and private homes.

[0584] Furthermore, disaster detection devices that detect the occurrence of disasters caused by influencing factors in advance and detect precursors to earthquakes, landslides, etc., at an early stage are well known. Various proposals have been made for such disaster detection devices to detect the occurrence of disasters in advance and mitigate severe damage. For example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 2002-228497 discloses technology for a rockfall protection net warning device that can monitor the condition of a slope. Also, for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 2008-215913 discloses technology for a rockfall risk determination system that remotely detects the amount and direction of rock movement and determines the degree of risk of rockfalls, etc.

[0585] Incidentally, the disaster detection devices described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 2002-228497 (rockfall protection net alarm device) or Japanese Patent Publication No. 2008-215913 (rockfall risk determination system) are configured such that an IC tag is set on the rockfall protection net or rock, and a sensor terminal is installed on the rock.

[0586] However, conventional disaster detection devices are susceptible to the risk of their electronic components, such as IC tags and sensor terminals, becoming detached from rockfall protection nets and rocks over time. Therefore, if these electronic components become detached, conventional disaster detection devices may not be able to accurately detect rockfalls or other related events.

[0587] Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and provides an influencing factor detector that can reliably detect influencing factors that induce disasters, and a disaster detection device equipped with this influencing factor detector.

[0588] Furthermore, the present invention includes detection elements and disaster detection devices that are mounted on devices for detecting the occurrence of natural or man-made disasters.

[0589] In mountainous areas and mountainous regions, steep slopes such as cliffs and embankments are susceptible to disasters caused by influencing factors such as rockfalls, bouldering, landslides, mudslides, and debris flows. Therefore, in areas where disasters are expected due to influencing factors, protective fences and nets are installed on steep slopes to prevent damage to railway lines, roads, and other infrastructure passing below cliffs and over ridges, as well as to nearby facilities and private homes.

[0590] Furthermore, disaster detection devices that detect the occurrence of disasters caused by influencing factors in advance and detect precursors to earthquakes, landslides, etc., at an early stage are well known. Various proposals have been made for such disaster detection devices to detect the occurrence of disasters in advance and mitigate severe damage. For example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 2002-228497 discloses technology for a rockfall protection net warning device that can monitor the condition of a slope. Also, for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 2008-215913 discloses technology for a rockfall risk determination system that remotely detects the amount and direction of rock movement and determines the degree of risk of rockfalls, etc.

[0591] Incidentally, the disaster detection devices described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 2002-228497 (rockfall protection net alarm device) or Japanese Patent Publication No. 2008-215913 (rockfall risk determination system) are configured such that an IC tag is set on the rockfall protection net or rock, and a sensor terminal is installed on the rock.

[0592] However, conventional disaster detection devices are susceptible to the risk of their electronic components, such as IC tags and sensor terminals, becoming detached from rockfall protection nets and rocks over time. Therefore, if these electronic components become detached, conventional disaster detection devices may not be able to accurately detect rockfalls, rockfalls, landslides, mudslides, or debris flows.

[0593] Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and provides a disaster detection body that can reliably detect objects that cause disasters, and a disaster detection device equipped with this disaster detection body.

[0594] Furthermore, since disaster detection devices are installed on steep slopes such as cliffs and embankments in mountainous areas and mountainous regions, a configuration that is easy to assemble and carry is desirable. Therefore, the present invention provides a disaster detection body that can reliably detect objects that trigger disasters, and is easy to assemble and carry, as well as a disaster detection device equipped with this disaster detection body.

[0595] Furthermore, the present invention particularly includes detection means and disaster detection devices that are mounted on devices for detecting influencing factors that cause disasters such as rockfalls, rockslides, landslides, and debris flows.

[0596] In mountainous areas and mountainous regions, steep slopes such as cliffs and embankments are susceptible to disasters caused by influencing factors such as rockfalls, bouldering, landslides, mudslides, and debris flows. Therefore, in areas where disasters are expected due to influencing factors, protective fences and nets are installed on steep slopes to prevent damage to railway lines, roads, and other nearby facilities and houses that pass below the cliffs and over the slopes.

[0597] Furthermore, disaster detection devices that detect the occurrence of disasters caused by influencing factors in advance, and that detect precursors to earthquakes, collapses, etc., at an early stage, are well known. Various proposals have been made for such disaster detection devices to detect the occurrence of disasters in advance and mitigate severe damage.

[0598] For example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 2021-143520 discloses a disaster monitoring device and method that continuously monitors roads and other terrains with unstable slopes or conditions where collapse and subsidence are a concern, and prevents human casualties by issuing notifications when the risk of ground disasters is assessed as high.

[0599] Incidentally, the disaster monitoring device described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 2021-143520 monitors ground disasters by analyzing sensing data from sensing devices, sensors, etc., related to abnormalities in the ground. However, the disaster monitoring device described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 2021-143520 has the problem that it may misdetect ground disasters depending on the analysis of the sensing data. In other words, the disaster monitoring device described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 2021-143520 may misinterpret vibration data caused by rain, wind, animal activity, etc., as abnormalities in the ground using sensing devices, sensors, etc.

[0600] Furthermore, the disaster monitoring device described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 2021-143520 analyzes the frequency of ground disaster-related phenomena by organizing images, sounds, and vibrations at their respective timings. As a result, there is a time lag in detecting sudden natural disasters such as rockfalls, and the device has the problem of not being able to detect the occurrence of such natural disasters in real time.

[0601] The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and provides a detection means for detecting sudden natural disasters such as rockfalls, rockfalls, landslides, mudslides, and debris flows in real time, and a disaster detection device equipped with this detection means.

[0602] Furthermore, the present invention particularly includes detection switch mechanisms and disaster detection devices that are mounted on devices for detecting influencing factors that cause disasters such as rockfalls, rockslides, landslides, and debris flows.

[0603] In mountainous areas and mountainous regions, steep slopes such as cliffs and embankments are susceptible to disasters caused by influencing factors such as rockfalls, bouldering, landslides, mudslides, and debris flows. Therefore, in areas where disasters are expected due to influencing factors, protective fences and nets are installed on steep slopes to prevent damage to railway lines, roads, and other infrastructure passing below cliffs and over ridges, as well as to nearby facilities and private homes.

[0604] Furthermore, disaster detection devices that detect the occurrence of disasters caused by influencing factors in advance, and that detect precursors to earthquakes, collapses, etc., at an early stage, are well known. Various proposals have been made for such disaster detection devices to detect the occurrence of disasters in advance and mitigate severe damage.

[0605] For example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 2002-228497 discloses technology for a rockfall protection net warning device that can monitor the condition of a slope. Also, for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 2008-215913 discloses technology for a rockfall risk determination system that remotely detects the amount and direction of rock movement and determines the degree of risk of rockfalls.

[0606] Incidentally, the disaster detection devices described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 2002-228497 (rockfall protection net warning device) or Japanese Patent Publication No. 2008-215913 (rockfall risk determination system) utilize various electronic sensors such as IC tag readers, displacement sensors, and acceleration sensors to detect physical parameters such as influencing factors. Furthermore, conventional disaster detection devices require power supply equipment such as solar power generation.

[0607] Therefore, conventional disaster detection devices not only have high manufacturing costs, but also require cleaning and replacement of power supply equipment such as solar panels, replacement of ancillary equipment such as storage batteries and power conditioners, and various maintenance costs, resulting in operating costs.

[0608] The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and provides a detection switch mechanism that can suppress manufacturing costs and operating costs, and a disaster detection device equipped with this detection switch mechanism.

[0609] Furthermore, the present invention particularly includes support mechanisms and disaster detection devices that are mounted on devices for detecting influencing factors that cause disasters such as rockfalls, rockslides, landslides, and debris flows.

[0610] In mountainous areas and mountainous regions, steep slopes such as cliffs and embankments are susceptible to disasters caused by influencing factors such as rockfalls, bouldering, landslides, mudslides, and debris flows. Therefore, in areas where disasters are expected due to influencing factors, protective fences and nets are installed on steep slopes to prevent damage to railway lines, roads, and other nearby facilities and houses that pass below the cliffs and over the slopes.

[0611] Furthermore, disaster detection devices that detect the occurrence of disasters caused by influencing factors in advance, and that detect precursors to earthquakes, collapses, etc., at an early stage, are well known. Various proposals have been made for such disaster detection devices to detect the occurrence of disasters in advance and mitigate severe damage.

[0612] For example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 2021-143520 discloses a disaster monitoring device and method that continuously monitors roads and other terrains with unstable slopes or conditions where collapse and subsidence are a concern, and prevents human casualties by issuing notifications when the risk of ground disasters is assessed as high.

[0613] Incidentally, the disaster monitoring device described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 2021-143520 monitors ground disasters by analyzing sensing data from sensing devices, sensors, etc., related to abnormalities in the ground. However, the disaster monitoring device described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 2021-143520 has the problem that it may misdetect ground disasters depending on the analysis of the sensing data. In other words, the disaster monitoring device described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 2021-143520 may misinterpret vibration data caused by rain, wind, animal activity, etc., as abnormalities in the ground using sensing devices, sensors, etc.

[0614] Furthermore, the disaster monitoring device described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 2021-143520 analyzes the frequency of ground disaster-related phenomena by organizing images, sounds, and vibrations at their respective timings. As a result, there is a time lag in detecting sudden natural disasters such as rockfalls, and the device has the problem of not being able to detect the occurrence of such natural disasters in real time.

[0615] The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and provides a support structure for supporting a detection body that detects sudden natural disasters such as rockfalls, rockfalls, landslides, mudslides, and debris flows in real time, and a disaster detection device equipped with this support structure.

[0616] Furthermore, the present invention particularly includes a switch mechanism and a disaster detection device to be mounted on a device for detecting influencing factors that cause disasters such as rockfalls, rockslides, landslides, and debris flows.

[0617] In mountainous areas and mountainous regions, steep slopes such as cliffs and embankments are susceptible to disasters caused by influencing factors such as rockfalls, bouldering, landslides, mudslides, and debris flows. Therefore, in areas where disasters are expected due to influencing factors, protective fences and nets are installed on steep slopes to prevent damage to railway lines, roads, and other nearby facilities and houses that pass below the cliffs and over the slopes.

[0618] Furthermore, disaster detection devices that detect the occurrence of disasters caused by influencing factors in advance, and that detect precursors to earthquakes, collapses, etc., at an early stage, are well known. Various proposals have been made for such disaster detection devices to detect the occurrence of disasters in advance and mitigate severe damage.

[0619] For example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 2021-143520 discloses a disaster monitoring device and method that continuously monitors roads and other terrains with unstable slopes or conditions where collapse and subsidence are a concern, and prevents human casualties by issuing notifications when the risk of ground disasters is assessed as high.

[0620] Incidentally, the disaster monitoring device described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 2021-143520 monitors ground disasters by analyzing sensing data from sensing devices, sensors, etc., related to abnormalities in the ground. However, the disaster monitoring device described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 2021-143520 has the problem that it may misdetect ground disasters depending on the analysis of the sensing data. In other words, the disaster monitoring device described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 2021-143520 may misinterpret vibration data caused by rain, wind, animal activity, etc., as abnormalities in the ground using sensing devices, sensors, etc.

[0621] Furthermore, the disaster monitoring device described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 2021-143520 analyzes the frequency of ground-related disasters by organizing images, sounds, and vibrations at their respective timings. As a result, there is a time lag in detecting sudden natural disasters such as rockfalls. Therefore, the disaster monitoring device described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 2021-143520 has the problem of not being able to instantly detect the occurrence of natural disasters.

[0622] The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and provides a switch mechanism that can instantly detect and process sudden natural disasters such as rockfalls, rockslides, landslides, mudslides, and debris flows in real time, and a disaster detection device equipped with this switch mechanism.

[0623] Furthermore, the present invention includes a main unit device and a disaster detection device for detecting disasters such as rockfalls, rockslides, landslides, and debris flows.

[0624] Steep slopes such as cliffs and embankments in mountainous areas and mountainous regions are at risk of severe damage from natural disasters such as rockfalls, bouldering, landslides, mudslides, and debris flows. Therefore, protective fences and nets are installed on steep slopes in areas where natural disasters are expected to prevent damage to railway lines, roads, and other infrastructure passing below cliffs and over ridges, as well as to nearby facilities and private homes.

[0625] Furthermore, disaster detection devices that detect the occurrence of natural disasters and identify precursors to earthquakes, landslides, and other disasters at an early stage are well known. Various proposals have been made for such disaster detection devices to detect the occurrence of natural disasters in advance and mitigate extensive damage.

[0626] Conventional disaster detection devices include, for example, methods for detecting disasters such as rockfalls, rockfalls, landslides, and debris flows, such as shock acceleration sensing methods using electrodynamic vibrometers, wire breakage methods using electrically charged wires, and pressure sensing methods using piezoelectric plates, as described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 9-280906.

[0627] Furthermore, conventional disaster detection devices are well known to detect disasters such as rockfalls, rockfalls, landslides, and debris flows by methods such as the detection wire type, which mechanically detects abnormalities in detection wires laid in the monitored section, as described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 2000-180219; the detection method, which burys vibration (acceleration) sensors etc. in the monitored section to detect measurement parameters such as abnormal vibrations; and the optical fiber sensor type, which lays optical fibers for sensors in each monitored section to detect changes in propagating light.

[0628] Incidentally, most conventional disaster detection devices require constant standby power consumption and thus necessitate power supply equipment. Therefore, conventional disaster detection devices require ancillary work such as the installation of power cables and cable laying to utilize commercial power. Furthermore, optical fiber sensor-type disaster detection devices require the laying of optical fibers for the sensors. Moreover, in mountainous areas and mountainous regions where commercial power infrastructure is inadequate, it becomes necessary to install power generation facilities using renewable energy sources such as solar, wind, and geothermal power.

[0629] Thus, conventional disaster detection devices have challenges such as the need for large-scale construction work and the costs of expanding power supply facilities, as well as the need for cleaning, replacement of damaged solar panels and other components at power generation facilities, replacement of ancillary equipment such as storage batteries and power conditioners, and various maintenance costs, resulting in operating costs.

[0630] Furthermore, even if conventional disaster detection devices are equipped with built-in batteries or other storage devices, their operating period is limited by the electrical energy consumption of the batteries for standby power consumption. As a result, conventional disaster detection devices require regular maintenance such as charging and replacing batteries, which incurs operational costs.

[0631] The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and provides a main unit that does not require large-scale ancillary construction work, can suppress operating costs, and can be operated for a long period of time at low cost, as well as a disaster detection device equipped with this main unit.

[0632] Furthermore, the present invention includes a main housing for accommodating a circuit board unit and a disaster detection device.

[0633] Steep slopes such as cliffs and embankments in mountainous areas and mountainous regions are at risk of severe damage from natural disasters such as rockfalls, bouldering, landslides, mudslides, and debris flows. Therefore, protective fences and nets are installed on steep slopes in areas where natural disasters are expected to prevent damage to railway lines, roads, and other infrastructure passing below cliffs and over ridges, as well as to nearby facilities and private homes.

[0634] Furthermore, disaster detection devices that detect the occurrence of natural disasters and identify precursors to earthquakes, landslides, and other disasters at an early stage are well known. Various proposals have been made for such disaster detection devices to detect the occurrence of natural disasters in advance and mitigate extensive damage.

[0635] Conventional disaster detection devices include, for example, methods for detecting disasters such as rockfalls, rockfalls, landslides, and debris flows, such as shock acceleration sensing methods using electrodynamic vibrometers, wire breakage methods using electrically charged wires, and pressure sensing methods using piezoelectric plates, as described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 9-280906.

[0636] Furthermore, conventional disaster detection devices are well known to detect disasters such as rockfalls, rockfalls, landslides, and debris flows by methods such as the detection wire type, which mechanically detects abnormalities in detection wires laid in the monitored section, as described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 2000-180219; the detection method, which burys vibration (acceleration) sensors etc. in the monitored section to detect measurement parameters such as abnormal vibrations; and the optical fiber sensor type, which lays optical fibers for sensors in each monitored section to detect changes in propagating light.

[0637] Incidentally, most conventional disaster detection devices require constant standby power consumption and thus necessitate power supply equipment. Therefore, conventional disaster detection devices require ancillary work such as the installation of power cables and cable laying to utilize commercial power. Furthermore, optical fiber sensor-type disaster detection devices require the laying of optical fibers for the sensors. Moreover, in mountainous areas and mountainous regions where commercial power infrastructure is inadequate, it becomes necessary to install power generation facilities using renewable energy sources such as solar, wind, and geothermal power.

[0638] Thus, conventional disaster detection devices have challenges such as the need for large-scale construction work and the costs of expanding power supply facilities, as well as the need for cleaning, replacement of damaged solar panels and other components at power generation facilities, replacement of ancillary equipment such as storage batteries and power conditioners, and various maintenance costs, resulting in operating costs.

[0639] Furthermore, even if conventional disaster detection devices are equipped with built-in batteries or other storage devices, their operating period is limited by the electrical energy consumption of the batteries for standby power consumption. As a result, conventional disaster detection devices require regular maintenance such as charging and replacing batteries, which incurs operational costs.

[0640] The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and provides a main unit that does not require large-scale ancillary construction work, can suppress operating costs, and can be operated at low cost for a long period of time, as well as a disaster detection device equipped with this main unit.

[0641] Furthermore, the present invention includes a substrate unit having a switch for opening and closing an electronic circuit. In particular, the present invention also includes a substrate unit and a disaster detection device mounted on a device for detecting influencing factors that cause disasters such as rockfalls, rockfalls, landslides, and debris flows.

[0642] In mountainous areas and mountainous regions, steep slopes such as cliffs and embankments are susceptible to disasters caused by influencing factors such as rockfalls, bouldering, landslides, mudslides, and debris flows. Therefore, in areas where disasters are expected due to influencing factors, protective fences and nets are installed on steep slopes to prevent damage to railway lines, roads, and other nearby facilities and houses that pass below the cliffs and over the slopes.

[0643] Furthermore, disaster detection devices that detect the occurrence of disasters caused by influencing factors in advance, and that detect precursors to earthquakes, collapses, etc., at an early stage, are well known. Various proposals have been made for such disaster detection devices to detect the occurrence of disasters in advance and mitigate severe damage.

[0644] For example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 2021-143520 discloses a disaster monitoring device and method that continuously monitors roads and other terrains with unstable slopes or conditions where collapse and subsidence are a concern, and prevents human casualties by issuing notifications when the risk of ground disasters is assessed as high.

[0645] Incidentally, the disaster monitoring device described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 2021-143520 monitors ground disasters by analyzing sensing data from sensing devices, sensors, etc., related to abnormalities in the ground. However, the disaster monitoring device described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 2021-143520 has the problem that it may misdetect ground disasters depending on the analysis of the sensing data. In other words, the disaster monitoring device described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 2021-143520 may misinterpret vibration data caused by rain, wind, animal activity, etc., as abnormalities in the ground using sensing devices, sensors, etc.

[0646] Furthermore, the disaster monitoring device described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 2021-143520 analyzes the frequency of ground disaster-related phenomena by organizing images, sounds, and vibrations at their respective timings. As a result, there is a time lag in detecting sudden natural disasters such as rockfalls, and the device has the problem of not being able to detect the occurrence of such natural disasters in real time.

[0647] The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and provides a substrate unit that can detect sudden natural disasters such as rockfalls, rockfalls, landslides, mudslides, and debris flows in real time, and a disaster detection device equipped with this substrate unit.

[0648] Furthermore, the present invention includes an antenna unit for housing an antenna.

[0649] In mountainous areas and mountainous regions, steep slopes such as cliffs and embankments are susceptible to disasters caused by influencing factors such as rockfalls, bouldering, landslides, mudslides, and debris flows. Therefore, in areas where disasters are expected due to influencing factors, protective fences and nets are installed on steep slopes to prevent damage to railway lines, roads, and other nearby facilities and houses that pass below the cliffs and over the slopes.

[0650] Furthermore, disaster detection devices that detect the occurrence of disasters caused by influencing factors in advance, and that detect precursors to earthquakes, collapses, etc., at an early stage, are well known. Various proposals have been made for such disaster detection devices to detect the occurrence of disasters in advance and mitigate severe damage.

[0651] For example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 2021-143520 discloses a rockfall and landslide detection system comprising a rockfall detection device attached to a rockfall protection facility, and a management device that collects and manages data output from the rockfall detection device. This rockfall detection device incorporates a semiconductor sensor, an A / D converter, and an MCU within its housing for detecting rockfalls and landslides. Furthermore, this rockfall detection device incorporates a wireless communication device and an antenna within its housing for transmitting rockfall detection information to the management device when it detects rockfalls or landslides.

[0652] When integrating an antenna into the enclosure, it is desirable to minimize the space required for antenna installation. By minimizing the space needed for antenna installation, the disaster detection device equipped with the antenna can be made smaller, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost of the disaster detection device.

[0653] Since disaster detection devices are often assumed to be used in mountainous areas, it is preferable to use radio waves in the longest possible wavelength frequency band. However, if the wavelength is too long, the antenna size becomes too large, so it is preferable to use radio waves with a frequency of several hundred MHz. However, when an antenna corresponding to several hundred MHz is installed inside the enclosure, the size of the antenna affects the size of the enclosure, which increases the manufacturing cost of the disaster detection device equipped with it.

[0654] The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and can provide an antenna structure and an antenna unit equipped therewith that can reduce manufacturing costs without increasing the size of the housing on which the antenna is installed.

[0655] Furthermore, the present invention includes a magnetomechanical switch mechanism that opens and closes in response to a magnetic field from a magnet.

[0656] Conventionally, switch mechanisms using magnetic sensors have been used in a variety of applications, including the automotive, measurement, home appliance, and security sectors. Magnetic sensors in detection mechanisms are highly durable, stain-resistant, and have a long lifespan, making them suitable for devices subjected to heavy-duty use.

[0657] Such magnetic sensor-based switch mechanisms are disclosed, for example, in Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2004-186040, which discloses a proximity switch technology that prevents uneven contact between the magnetic material and the bias magnet, thereby suppressing variations in the magnetic flux applied to the magnetic sensor. Also, for example, Japanese Patent Application No. 2024-004287 (Japanese Patent No. 7642262) discloses a magnetic sensor device that suppresses variations due to differences in the temperature characteristics of the bias magnet, thereby detecting the proximity state of an object to be detected with high accuracy.

[0658] Incidentally, conventional proximity switches and magnetic sensor devices use sensor elements such as Hall elements, MR elements, GMR elements, and TMR elements, which are magnetic sensors. Therefore, conventional proximity switches and magnetic sensor devices require standby power for the sensor elements.

[0659] Furthermore, conventional proximity switches and magnetic sensor devices have the drawback that their sensor elements are easily affected by external magnetic fields, temperature changes, and other factors. Therefore, conventional proximity switches and magnetic sensor devices may not be able to operate long-term due to false detections caused by external magnetic fields or degradation of the sensor elements due to temperature changes.

[0660] Furthermore, conventional proximity switches and magnetic sensor devices require additional components such as bias magnets, comparators, and amplifiers. Therefore, these devices not only hinder cost reduction but also result in complex circuit configurations and structures.

[0661] ...

Claims

1. A transforming part that supports a sensing element and transforms and displaces when an external force with kinetic energy exceeding a predetermined amount is applied to the sensing element, A normally open detection switch implemented in an electronic circuit, A switch operating unit is provided in the above-mentioned transformation section, Equipped with, A switch mechanism characterized in that, as the above-mentioned deformation part is displaced from its initial position, the above-mentioned switch operating part transitions the above-mentioned detection switch to a closed position and closes the above-mentioned electronic circuit.

2. The switch mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the detection switch is a reed switch.

3. The reed switch has a permanent magnet that causes it to switch to the closed position, The switch operating part is formed from a magnetic material that attracts and holds the permanent magnet at a first position spaced apart from the reed switch. The switch mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that the permanent magnet moves from the first position to a second position close to the reed switch as the deformation portion is displaced, the magnetic field to the magnetic material decreases, and the reed switch transitions to the closed position.

4. The reed switch has a permanent magnet that causes it to switch to the closed position, The switch operating section is provided with a magnetic body that holds the permanent magnet at a first spaced position where the reed switch is open. The switch mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that the permanent magnet moves from the first position to a second position close to the reed switch as the deformation portion is displaced, the magnetic field to the magnetic material decreases, and the reed switch transitions to the closed position.

5. The detection switch is a limit switch that opens when the switch operating part makes contact, The switch mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that when the transformation part is displaced, the switch operating part is displaced to a non-contact position away from the limit switch, and the limit switch transitions to a closed position.

6. A switch mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 5, When the above electronic circuit is closed, a communication unit transmits information to the outside, A disaster detection device characterized by being equipped with the following features.

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