Signal transmission method and device

Abstract

This application relates to the field of communication technologies and discloses a signal transmission method and apparatus for transmitting a low-power signal compatible with Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) to be compatible with a new wireless NR system in order to reduce the impact on existing NR signals. The method includes determining a first target sequence corresponding to a first information bit sequence based on a first mapping set, the first mapping set including: K candidate values ​​and 2 K a first mapping relationship between the first sequences and the K each of the first sequences includes M elements, where K is the number of information bits supported for transmission on one OFDM symbol, and M is the number of subcarriers of a first frequency domain resource for transmitting the first information bit sequences; performing subcarrier mapping, inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT), and cyclic prefix (CP) addition on the first target sequence to obtain a first signal; and transmitting the first signal on the first frequency domain resource.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] Cross-reference to related art This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202310152899.8, entitled "SIGNAL SENDING METHOD AND APPARATUS," filed with the State Intellectual Property Office of the People's Republic of China on February 16, 2023, and incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

[0002] TECHNICAL FIELD Embodiments of this application relate to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a signal transmission method and apparatus. [Background technology]

[0003] With the widespread adoption of machine-type communication (MTC) and the Internet of Things (IoT), an increasing number of IoT devices are being deployed within existing networks. For example, smart water meters, shared bicycles, and smart city, environmental monitoring, smart home, and forest fire prevention systems targeting sensing and data collection are being deployed within existing networks. In the future, IoT devices will become ubiquitous and may be embedded in clothing, packaging, keys, and other devices. Almost everything can be brought online with the implementation of IoT technology. However, in IoT application scenarios, such as medical care, smart homes, industrial sensors, or wearable devices, the size of IoT devices is typically limited, making it difficult to extend their operating time simply by increasing battery capacity. Current solutions rely on, for example, low-power receivers to overcome the size and power consumption limitations of IoT devices.

[0004] A low-power receiver has strict power consumption limitations, such as less than 1 milliwatt (mW). Through amplitude modulation and envelope detection, the low-power receiver does not need to use a local oscillator to generate a radio-frequency carrier signal during downconversion of a radio-frequency signal to a baseband signal. This avoids the need for a relatively high-power radio-frequency module, such as a highly linear frequency mixer and a voltage-controlled oscillator capable of providing an accurate local frequency signal, thereby achieving a relatively low power consumption level. Based on the characteristics of a low-power receiver, a design requirement for a low-power signal is that the modulation scheme must support incoherent reception, such as envelope detection. Currently, low-power modulation schemes that support incoherent reception include amplitude shift keying (ASK) and frequency shift keying (FSK). However, current new radio (NR) systems are orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems. When a low-power signal is introduced into an NR system, the low-power signal needs to be compatible with OFDM to reduce the impact on the existing NR system. Therefore, how to design a low-power signal that is compatible with OFDM and compatible with an NR system becomes a problem worth considering. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Embodiments of this application provide a signal transmission method and apparatus that provide a solution for transmitting a low-power signal compatible with OFDM to be compatible with NR systems and the like, so as to reduce the impact on existing NR signals.

[0006] According to a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a signal transmission method, which can be performed by a first device, the method including the steps of: determining a first target sequence corresponding to a first information bit sequence based on a first mapping set, the first mapping set including: K candidate values ​​and 2 K a first mapping relationship between the first sequences and the K each of the first sequences includes M elements, where K is the number of information bits supported for transmission on one OFDM symbol, and M is the number of subcarriers of a first frequency domain resource for transmitting the first information bit sequences; performing subcarrier mapping, an inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT), and a cyclic prefix (CP) addition on the first target sequence to obtain a first signal; and transmitting the first signal on the first frequency domain resource.

[0007] According to the above method, a first device (transmitting device) may map information bits in a first information bit sequence to a first sequence including a number of elements equal to the number M of subcarriers in a frequency-domain resource to obtain a first target sequence, and perform subcarrier mapping, IFFT, and CP addition on the first target sequence to generate a low-power signal, i.e., a first signal, having a CP-OFDM waveform. A second device (receiving device) may then determine information bits to be transmitted on each OFDM symbol of the first signal using an envelope detection scheme based on the amplitude of the first signal on each OFDM symbol (e.g., the average amplitude of multiple sampling points on each OFDM symbol). In this way, a solution for transmitting a low-power signal compatible with OFDM is provided, thereby making the transmission of the low-power signal compatible with, for example, an NR system and reducing the impact of the transmission of the low-power signal on the NR system.

[0008] In a possible design, 2 K The candidate values ​​are 2 corresponding to K. K corresponding to 2 candidate values. K 2 after Manchester encoding with code rate R is performed on the candidate values K In the above design, when the signal transmitting device and the signal receiving device support Manchester encoding, the first mapping set includes two codewords. K candidate values ​​and 2 K A first mapping relationship between the first sequence and the first signal may be determined based on a codeword obtained after Manchester encoding, which is useful for generating a low-power signal compatible with OFDM when Manchester encoding is supported, and improving the application scenario of the signal transmission method.

[0009] In one possible design, the method includes transmitting a second signal on a second frequency domain resource, the second signal being obtained by performing subcarrier mapping, IFFT, and CP addition on a second target sequence, the second target sequence being determined from a second information bit sequence based on a second mapping set, the second mapping set being K candidate values ​​and 2 K Optionally, the method further comprises a step of including a second mapping relationship between the first and second sequences. K The second sequence of K the first sequence is the same as the first sequence, and the first mapping relationship is different from the second mapping relationship; or K The second sequence of K different from the first sequence and K The second sequence of K is obtained by inverting the first sequence. In the above design, when a transmitting device transmits different signals on different frequency-domain resources, different mapping sets may be utilized for the different frequency-domain resources, which helps to avoid a relatively high peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) that occurs in the time domain when multiple signals are transmitted in parallel on multiple frequency-domain resources, thereby improving communication performance.

[0010] In a possible design, the first transmission period of the first signal may be different from the second transmission period of the second signal, and / or the starting position for transmitting the first signal in the first transmission period may be different from the starting position for transmitting the second signal in the second transmission period. In the above design, when a transmitting device transmits different signals on different frequency-domain resources, the transmission periods of the different signals are different and / or the start positions for transmitting the different signals within the transmission period are different, which helps avoid a relatively high PAPR that occurs in the time domain when multiple signals are transmitted in parallel on multiple frequency-domain resources, thereby improving communication performance.

[0011] In a possible design, the method further includes transmitting first configuration information and second configuration information, wherein the first configuration information indicates at least one of a first transmission period of the first signal, a starting position within the first transmission period, or a duration of the first transmission period, and the second configuration information indicates at least one of a second transmission period of the second signal, a starting position within the second transmission period, or a duration of the second transmission period. In the above design, the transmitting device may separately configure multiple signals to be transmitted on multiple frequency domains to avoid simultaneous transmission of signals on different frequency domain resources, thereby reducing the PAPR.

[0012] According to a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a signal transmission method, which may be executed by a first device, and includes the steps of: determining a first target sequence based on a first information bit sequence, where a ratio of the number of elements included in the first target sequence to the number of elements included in the first information bit sequence is M / K, where K is the number of information bits supported for transmission on one OFDM symbol, and M is the number of subcarriers of a first frequency domain resource utilized to transmit the first information bit sequence; performing a discrete Fourier transform (DFT), subcarrier mapping, an IFFT, and CP addition on the first target sequence to obtain a first signal; and transmitting the first signal on the first frequency domain resource.

[0013] According to the above method, a first device (transmitting device) may obtain a first target sequence by expanding the number of elements included in the first information bit sequence by M / K times based on a ratio of the number of subcarriers M of a first frequency domain resource for transmitting the first information bit sequence to the number of information bits K supported for transmission on one OFDM symbol, and perform DFT, subcarrier mapping, IFFT, and CP processing on the first target sequence to generate a low-power signal with a DFT-spread OFDM (DFT-S-OFDM) waveform, i.e., the first signal, so that a second device (receiving device) can determine the information bits transmitted on each OFDM symbol of the first signal using an envelope detection method based on the amplitude or amplitude change on each OFDM symbol. In this way, a solution is provided for transmitting low-power signals that are compatible with OFDM, thereby making the transmission of low-power signals compatible with NR systems, etc., and reducing the impact of transmitting low-power signals on NR signals.

[0014] In a possible design, the first target sequence includes a sequence corresponding to at least one ON signal and / or a sequence corresponding to at least one OFF signal, and the sequence corresponding to one ON signal is formed using an all-ones sequence, a Zadoff-Chu sequence, or a low peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) sequence.

[0015] In a possible design, the sequence corresponding to the ON signal is formed using a Zadoff-Chu sequence, and one or more of a root factor, a cyclic shift, a sequence group number u, and a sequence number v corresponding to the Zadoff-Chu sequence are determined based on the position of the first frequency domain resource in the frequency domain resource set or the index of the first frequency domain resource; or the sequence corresponding to the ON signal is formed using a low-PAPR sequence, and one or more of a sequence group number u and a sequence number v corresponding to the low-PAPR sequence are determined based on the position of the first frequency domain resource in the frequency domain resource set or the index of the first frequency domain resource. In the above design, when a transmitting device transmits different signals on different frequency domain resources, the ON signals on the different frequency domain resources may correspond to different sequences, which helps avoid a relatively high PAPR that occurs in the time domain when multiple signals are transmitted in parallel on multiple frequency domain resources, thereby improving communication performance.

[0016] In a possible design, the method further includes transmitting a second signal on a second frequency domain resource, wherein a first transmission period of the first signal may be different from a second transmission period of the second signal, and / or a starting position for transmitting the first signal in the first transmission period may be different from a starting position for transmitting the second signal in the second transmission period. In the above design, when a transmitting device transmits different signals on different frequency-domain resources, the transmission periods of the different signals are different and / or the start positions for transmitting the different signals in the transmission period are different, which helps avoid a relatively high PAPR that occurs in the time domain when multiple signals are transmitted in parallel on multiple frequency-domain resources, thereby improving communication performance.

[0017] In a possible design, the method further includes transmitting first configuration information and second configuration information, wherein the first configuration information indicates at least one of a first transmission period of the first signal, a starting position within the first transmission period, or a duration of the first transmission period, and the second configuration information indicates at least one of a second transmission period of the second signal, a starting position within the second transmission period, or a duration of the second transmission period.

[0018] In the above design, the transmitting device may separately configure multiple signals to be transmitted on multiple frequency domains to avoid simultaneous transmission of signals on different frequency domain resources, thereby reducing the PAPR.

[0019] According to a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication device, the device having a function for performing the method of the first aspect. The function may be realized using hardware or hardware executing corresponding software. The hardware or software may include one or more modules corresponding to the function, such as a communication unit and a processing unit.

[0020] In a possible design, the device may be a chip or an integrated circuit.

[0021] In one possible design, the apparatus includes a memory and a processor, the memory configured to store a program for execution by the processor, the program, when executed by the processor, causing the apparatus to perform the method of the first aspect.

[0022] In a possible design, the apparatus may be a first device, for example, a network device or a terminal device.

[0023] According to a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication device, the device having a function for performing the method of the second aspect. The function may be realized using hardware or hardware executing corresponding software. The hardware or software may include one or more modules corresponding to the function, such as a communication unit and a processing unit.

[0024] In a possible design, the device may be a chip or an integrated circuit.

[0025] In one possible design, the apparatus includes a memory and a processor, the memory configured to store a program for execution by the processor, the program, when executed by the processor, causing the apparatus to perform the method of the second aspect.

[0026] In a possible design, the apparatus may be a second device, eg, a network device or a terminal device.

[0027] According to a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication device. The communication device includes an interface circuit and a processor, the processor and the interface circuit being coupled to each other. The processor is configured to implement the method of the first aspect by utilizing logic circuits or by executing instructions. The interface circuit is configured to receive a signal from a communication device other than the communication device and transmit the signal to the processor, or to transmit a signal from the processor to a communication device other than the communication device. It may be understood that the interface circuit may be a transceiver, a transceiver machine, a transmitter / receiver, or an input / output interface.

[0028] Optionally, the communication device may further include a memory configured to store instructions to be executed by the processor, or to store input data required for executing the instructions by the processor, or to store data generated after the processor executes the instructions. The memory may be a physically separate unit, or may be coupled to the processor, or the processor may include the memory.

[0029] According to a sixth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication device. The communication device includes an interface circuit and a processor, the processor and the interface circuit being coupled to each other. The processor is configured to implement the method of the second aspect by utilizing logic circuits or by executing instructions. The interface circuit is configured to receive a signal from a communication device other than the communication device and transmit the signal to the processor, or to transmit a signal from the processor to a communication device other than the communication device. It may be understood that the interface circuit may be a transceiver, a transceiver machine, a transmitter / receiver, or an input / output interface.

[0030] Optionally, the communication device may further include a memory configured to store instructions to be executed by the processor, or to store input data required for executing the instructions by the processor, or to store data generated after the processor executes the instructions. The memory may be a physically separate unit, or may be coupled to the processor, or the processor may include the memory.

[0031] According to a seventh aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, the storage medium storing a computer program or instructions, which, when executed by a processor, can perform the method of the first or second aspect.

[0032] According to an eighth aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides a computer program product including a computer program or instructions, which, when executed by a processor, can perform the method of the first or second aspect.

[0033] According to a ninth aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides a chip system. The chip system includes a processor. The processor is coupled to a memory. The memory is configured to store a program or instructions. When the program or instructions are executed by the processor, the method of the first aspect or the second aspect can be performed.

[0034] For the technical effects that can be achieved in the second to ninth aspects, please refer to the technical effects that can be achieved in the first or second aspect, and the details will not be described again here. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0035] [Figure 1] 1 is a diagram of the architecture of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present application; [Figure 2] FIG. 1 is a diagram of ASK modulation according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 3] 1 is a diagram of a low-power receiver based on a radio frequency tuning structure according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 4] 1 is a diagram of a low-power receiver based on an uncertain intermediate frequency structure according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 5] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an envelope detector according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 6] FIG. 2 is a waveform diagram of a radio frequency signal input by an envelope detector according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 7] 1 is a diagram of a signal transmission method according to an embodiment of the present application; [Figure 8]FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating generating a CP-OFDM waveform according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 9] FIG. 2 is a diagram of frequency division multiplexing of signals according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 10] FIG. 2 is a diagram of frequency division multiplexing of signals in a duty cycle operation mode according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 11] 2 is a diagram of a signal transmission method according to an embodiment of the present application; [Figure 12] FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating generating a DFT-S-OFDM waveform according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 13] FIG. 1 is a diagram of frequency division multiplexing of low power and NR signals according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 14] 1 is a diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application; [Figure 15] 2 is a diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0036] The communication methods provided in this application may be applied to various communication systems, such as the Internet of Things (IoT), narrowband internet of things (NB-IoT), backscatter communication systems (also referred to as passive communication systems), or semi-passive communication systems. Of course, the embodiments of this application may also be applied to other possible communication systems, such as a long term evolution (LTE) system, an LTE frequency division duplex (FDD) system, an LTE time division duplex (TDD) system, a long term evolution advanced (LTE-A) system, a universal mobile telecommunications system (UMTS), a worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX) communication system, a 5G communication system (e.g., an NR system), and future sixth generation (6G) systems. th The present invention is applicable to a 6G (6th generation) communication system, or other future communication system or network. Alternatively, the communication system may be a machine-to-machine (M2M) network, a machine type communication (MTC) network, or other network.

[0037] The architecture of a communication system in which an embodiment of this application is provided may be shown in Figure 1. The structure of the communication system may include at least one network device and at least one terminal device. For example, as shown in Figure 1, the communication system may include two network devices, i.e., network device 1 and network device 2, and eight terminal devices, i.e., terminal device 1 to terminal device 8.

[0038] In the communication system, network device 1 may transmit information to one or more terminal devices among terminal device 1 to terminal device 6. Network device 1 may transmit information to one or more terminal devices among terminal device 7 and terminal device 8 through network device 2. In addition, terminal device 4 to terminal device 6 may also form a communication subsystem. In that communication subsystem, terminal device 5 may transmit information to one or more terminal devices among terminal device 4 and terminal device 6. Network device 2, terminal device 7, and terminal device 8 may also form a communication subsystem. In that communication subsystem, network device 2 may transmit information to one or more terminal devices among terminal device 7 and terminal device 8. It should be understood that FIG. 1 is merely an example diagram. The type of communication system and the number and types of devices included in the communication system are not particularly limited in this application.

[0039] The network device may be a device having a radio transceiver function or a chip that can be disposed within the network device, including, but not limited to, an LTE eNodeB (eNodeB), an NR generation NodeB (gNB), a radio network controller (RNC), a NodeB (NB), a base station controller (BSC), a base transceiver station (BTS), a home base station (e.g., a Home evolved NodeB or Home NodeB (HNB)), a baseband unit (BBU), an access point (AP) in a wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) system, a wireless relay node, a wireless backhaul node, a transmission and reception point (TRP), a transmission point (TP), a reader, or a helper. Alternatively, the network device may be a network node constituting a gNB or a transmission point, such as a baseband unit (BBU) or a distributed unit (DU). When the network device is a base station, the network device may be a macro base station, a micro base station, a small cell, or a pole site. The network device may be a network device that supports reception of data transmitted through backscatter communication. Alternatively, the network device may be a network device that supports transmission of a wake-up signal.

[0040] A terminal device may also be referred to as User Equipment (UE), access terminal, subscriber unit, subscriber station, mobile site, mobile station, remote station, remote terminal, mobile device, user terminal, terminal, wireless communication device, user agent, or user equipment. The terminal device in the embodiment of this application may be a mobile phone, a tablet computer (Pad), a computer with a wireless transceiver function, a passive terminal device, a passive IoT terminal device, a semi-passive terminal device, a semi-passive IoT terminal device, a virtual reality (VR) terminal device, an augmented reality (AR) terminal device, a wireless terminal in industrial control, a wireless terminal in self-driving, a wireless terminal in remote medical care, a wireless terminal in a smart grid, a wireless terminal in transportation safety, a wireless terminal in a smart city, a smart wearable device (such as a smart glass, a smart watch, or a smart headset), a wireless terminal in a smart home, or a machine-type communication terminal device. The terminal device may be a terminal device that supports backscatter communication, such as a tag. The terminal device may be a device that supports a wake-up receiver or a device that does not support a wake-up receiver. Alternatively, the terminal device may be a chip or a chip module (or a chip system) that can be disposed in the above device, etc. The application scenario is not limited in the embodiments of this application. The terminal device with wireless transceiver function and the chip that can be disposed in the terminal device are collectively referred to as the terminal device in this application.

[0041] The architecture of the communication system and the scenarios described in the embodiments of this application are intended to more clearly describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, and do not constitute limitations on the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application. Those skilled in the art may know that with the development of network architecture and the emergence of new service scenarios, the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application can also be applied to similar technical problems.

[0042] For ease of understanding by those skilled in the art, the following will explain and describe some terms in the embodiments of this application.

[0043] (1) Amplitude Shift Keying (ASK) Modulation ASK modulation is a modulation scheme in which the amplitude change of a carrier is controlled based on the value of a digital signal (or baseband signal), while the frequency and phase of the carrier remain unchanged. ASK modulation is sometimes referred to as digital amplitude modulation. The simplest form is binary amplitude shift keying (2ASK). For example, 2ASK modulation can be realized using a multiplier and a switch circuit. The carrier is on or off under the control of a digital signal 1 or 0. When the digital signal is 1, the carrier with amplitude A is on, and in this case, the carrier with amplitude A is transmitted on the transmission channel. When the digital signal is 0, the carrier with amplitude B is on, and in this case, the carrier with amplitude B is transmitted on the transmission channel. Therefore, the receiving end can determine whether the digital signal is 1 or 0 based on detecting the amplitude of the carrier.

[0044] On-off keying (OOK) modulation is a special case of 2ASK modulation. For example, referring to the diagram of ASK modulation shown in FIG. 2, a digital signal is a binary information bit sequence including 0s and 1s. OOK modulation can be realized using a multiplier and a switch circuit. A carrier is on or off under the control of a digital signal 1 or 0. When the digital signal is 1, the carrier is on, and in this case, the carrier is transmitted on the transmission channel (the carrier amplitude remains unchanged). When the digital signal is 0, no carrier is on, and in this case, no carrier is transmitted on the transmission channel (the amplitude changes to 0). Therefore, the receiving end can determine whether the digital signal is 1 or 0 based on detecting whether a carrier is present. For example, when the bit is 0, an amplitude signal is transmitted in symbol 1 (the carrier amplitude remains unchanged), and when the bit is 0, another amplitude signal is transmitted in symbol 2 (the amplitude changes to 0). The receiving end may determine whether the bit transmitted in each symbol is a 0 or a 1 based on whether the amplitude (or envelope, level, or energy, etc.) of the signal in that symbol exceeds an amplitude threshold.

[0045] (2) Conventional and low-power receivers The conventional receiver is mainly applied to the scenarios with relatively high requirements for signal quality and transmission rate. In these scenarios, the signal modulation scheme is generally relatively complicated, and the conventional receiver needs to use some circuit modules with relatively high performance and relatively high precision, such as a frequency mixer with high linearity and a voltage-controlled oscillator that can provide a highly accurate local frequency. In order to guarantee the performance of the circuit modules, the power consumption of the conventional receiver cannot be reduced.

[0046] Compared with conventional receivers, low-power receivers must meet strict power consumption limitations, such as less than 1 milliwatt (mW). Through ASK modulation and / or frequency shift keying (FSK) modulation, low-power receivers can detect signals using an envelope detection method to avoid using circuit modules with relatively high power consumption, such as highly linear frequency mixers or voltage-controlled oscillators that can provide accurate local frequency signals. Therefore, low-power receivers can achieve relatively low power consumption levels. Currently, low-power receivers can use certain structures, such as radio frequency tuning structures or unstable intermediate frequency structures.

[0047] 3 is a diagram of a low-power receiver based on a radio frequency tuning structure. The low-power receiver may include a radio frequency filter, a radio frequency amplifier, an envelope detector, and a baseband amplifier. For an input radio frequency signal, the radio frequency filter may filter the radio frequency signal to suppress the effects of unwanted signals (e.g., interference signals) on the link. The filtered radio frequency signal may be amplified by the radio frequency amplifier and then demodulated by the envelope detector to output a baseband signal, and the baseband signal output by the detector is amplified by the baseband amplifier to obtain a final baseband signal for output.

[0048] FIG. 4 shows a diagram of a low-power receiver based on an unstable intermediate frequency structure. The low-power receiver mainly includes three components: a ring oscillator, an intermediate frequency amplifier, and an envelope detector. A radio frequency signal is converted into a low-frequency intermediate frequency signal by a frequency mixer. The intermediate frequency signal is then amplified by an intermediate frequency amplifier and then demodulated by an envelope detector to output a baseband signal. A frequency mixer is used in the structure, and a local frequency signal needs to be provided for the frequency mixer. Generally, a ring oscillator is used to generate the local frequency signal because it has a simple structure and low power consumption. However, the frequency offset generated by the ring oscillator is relatively large and varies within a certain range. The intermediate frequency obtained after mixing the frequency generated by the ring oscillator with the radio frequency signal is uncertain. Therefore, the receiver structure is called an unstable intermediate frequency structure. Because the frequency of the local frequency signal generated by the ring oscillator is not precise and varies with time and temperature, additional frequency calibration circuitry may be required to calibrate the frequency of the ring oscillator.

[0049] (3) Envelope detection principle: The module that completes envelope (or amplitude, level, or energy, etc.) detection in a low-power receiver is called an envelope detector. Generally, an envelope detector mainly includes a diode and an RC oscillator circuit. An envelope detector is a nonlinear component that operates by utilizing the unidirectional conduction of a diode. Figure 5 shows an example of an envelope detector. When a forward voltage is input to the left side and the potential difference between the left and right sides of the diode exceeds the conduction voltage, the diode is turned on, current flows through resistor R to ground, and a potential difference exists between both ends of capacitor C, causing the capacitor to operate in a charged state. When a reverse voltage is input to the left side, the diode is in an off state, also referred to as a non-conducting state. In this case, the capacitor is in a discharged state, and current flows through resistor R to ground. The discharge rate is related to the time constant (R × C). Figure 6 shows the waveform of a radio frequency signal input by an envelope detector. Based on the carrier signal waveform of the input radio frequency signal, the envelope detector can obtain a useful signal carried by the carrier envelope to obtain an output baseband signal. According to the above description of the envelope detection principle, it can be understood that the envelope detection can perform a down-conversion operation, i.e., down-conversion from a radio frequency signal to baseband, in which the radio frequency carrier signal does not need to be generated using a local oscillator.

[0050] It can be understood from the above description of the low-power receiver that a design requirement for a signal that can be processed by a low-power receiver (hereinafter, referred to as a low-power signal for short) is that the modulation scheme of the signal must support reception using an incoherent reception method, such as envelope (or amplitude, level, or energy) detection. Currently, modulation schemes for low-power signals that support incoherent reception include ASK and FSK. However, current new radio (NR) systems are OFDM systems. When a low-power signal is introduced into an NR system, the low-power signal needs to be compatible with OFDM to reduce the impact on the existing NR system. Therefore, how to design a low-power signal that is compatible with OFDM and compatible with an NR system is a worthy issue.

[0051] Based on this, this application provides a solution for transmitting a low-power signal compatible with OFDM, and provides a signal transmission method and apparatus for making it compatible with NR systems so as to reduce the impact on existing NR signals. Hereinafter, embodiments of this application will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0052] In addition, it should be understood that ordinal numbers such as "first" and "second" used in the embodiments of this application are used to distinguish between multiple objects, and are not used to limit the size, content, order, chronological order, priority, importance, etc. of the multiple objects. For example, a first sequence and a second sequence do not indicate different priorities or importance, etc., corresponding to the two sequences.

[0053] In the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise specified, the number of nouns refers to "singular or plural," i.e., "one or more." "At least one" means one or more, and "plural" means two or more. "And / or" describes an association relationship between related objects and indicates that three relationships may exist. For example, A and / or B may indicate the following cases: only A is present, both A and B are present, and only B is present, and A and B may be singular or plural. The symbol " / " generally indicates an "or" relationship between related objects. For example, A / B indicates A or B. "At least one of the following items (moieties)" or similar expressions means any combination of these items, including any combination of singular items (moieties) or multiple items (moieties). For example, at least one (portion) of a, b, or c represents a, b, c, a and b, a and c, b and c, or a, b, and c, where a, b, and c may be singular or plural.

[0054] FIG. 7 shows a signal transmission method according to an embodiment of this application. In FIG. 7, an example in which a first device and a second device are used as execution entities is used to illustrate the method. The first device may be a network device, and the second device may be a terminal device or a network device different from the first device. Alternatively, the first device may be a terminal device, and the second device may be a network device or a terminal device different from the first device. It may be understood that the network device may be a component of the network device (e.g., a processor, a chip, or a chip system) or a device used in cooperation with the network device. The terminal device may be a component of the terminal device (e.g., a processor, a chip, or a chip system) or a device used in cooperation with the terminal device. The method includes the following steps:

[0055] S701: A first device determines a first target sequence corresponding to a first information bit sequence based on a first mapping set.

[0056] The first set of mappings is K candidate values ​​and 2 K a first mapping relationship between the first sequences and the K Each of the first sequences includes M elements (in other words, has a length of M), where K is the number of information bits supported for transmission on one OFDM symbol, and M is the number of subcarriers of the first frequency domain resource for transmitting the first information bit sequence.

[0057] In this embodiment of the application, OOK modulation or the like may be applied to an NR system, and the information carried in each OFDM symbol is determined based on the amplitude (or envelope, level, or energy, etc.) of the carrier on the OFDM symbol. For example, if the average amplitude of the carrier on the OFDM symbol is high or not 0, the signal on the carrier is referred to as an open or ON signal indicating 1 (or the OFDM symbol is an ON symbol). If the average amplitude of the carrier on the OFDM symbol is low or 0, the signal on the carrier is referred to as a closed or OFF signal indicating 0 (or the OFDM symbol is an OFF symbol). The ON signal and the OFF signal may be collectively referred to as an OOK signal. The amplitude is defined relative to the receiver's amplitude demodulation threshold. If the amplitude is above the demodulation threshold, the amplitude is high, and if the amplitude is below the demodulation threshold, the amplitude is low.

[0058] In a possible design, multiple mapping sets for different values ​​of K and different values ​​of M may be preconfigured in the first device and the second device, or the first device and the second device may pre-negotiate multiple mapping sets for different values ​​of K and different values ​​of M. The first device and the second device may select a corresponding mapping set as the first mapping set from the multiple mapping sets based on the corresponding values ​​of K and M used when the first information bit sequence is transmitted.

[0059] K=1 and M=12 are used as an example. The first mapping set can be shown in Table 1. The number of information bits supported for transmission on one OFDM symbol is 1 bit, and 2 1 Candidate values ​​(2 1 2 candidate states), which are 0 and 1 respectively. 1 The first sequences are a first sequence A11 (aa0, aa1, ..., aa11) and a first sequence A12 (ab0, ab1, ..., ab11), respectively, where the candidate value 0 is mapped to the first sequence A11 and the candidate value 1 is mapped to the first sequence A12. The first sequences A11 and A12 each include 12 elements, for example, the first sequence A11 includes elements aa0, aa1, ..., aa11. The elements in the first sequences A11 and A12 may be phase shift keying (BPSK) or quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) modulation symbols, or Zadoff-Chu sequences.

[0060] [Table 1]

[0061] The first terminal device may determine a first sequence corresponding to the first information bit sequence on each OFDM symbol based on the first mapping set, and obtain a first target sequence corresponding to the first information bit sequence. In one example, the first information bit sequence is 1011, K=1, and transmission of the first information bit sequence occupies four OFDM symbols (symbols 1 to 4 are used as an example). In this case, in the first information bit sequence, the information bit transmitted on symbol 1 is 1 and the corresponding first sequence is A12, the information bit transmitted on symbol 2 is 0 and the corresponding first sequence is A11, the information bit transmitted on symbol 3 is 1 and the corresponding first sequence is A12, and the information bit transmitted on symbol 4 is 1 and the corresponding first sequence is A12. The first target sequences corresponding to the first information bit sequence are A12, A11, A12, and A12.

[0062] K=2 and M=12 are used as an example. A first mapping set can be shown in Table 2. The number of information bits supported for transmission on one OFDM symbol is 2 bits, and 2 2 corresponding to the candidate values ​​00, 01, 10, and 11, respectively. 2The first sequences are a first sequence A11 (aa0, aa1, ..., aa11), a first sequence A12 (ab0, ab1, ..., ab11), a first sequence A13 (ac0, ac1, ..., ac11), and a first sequence A14 (ad0, ad1, ..., ad11), respectively, where the candidate value 00 is mapped to the first sequence A11, the candidate value 01 is mapped to the first sequence A12, the candidate value 10 is mapped to the first sequence A11, and the candidate value 11 is mapped to the first sequence A12. Each of the first sequences A11, A12, A13, and A14 includes 12 elements, and each element may be a PSK or QAM modulation symbol or a Zadoff-Chu sequence.

[0063] [Table 2]

[0064] Furthermore, in an example where the first information bit sequence is 1011, K=2, and the transmission of the first information bit sequence occupies two OFDM symbols (symbol 1 and symbol 2 are used as an example). In this case, in the first information bit sequence, the information bits transmitted on symbol 1 are 10, and the corresponding first sequence is A13, and the information bits transmitted on symbol 2 are 11, and the corresponding first sequence is A14. The first target sequences corresponding to the first information bit sequence are A13 and A14.

[0065] In another possible implementation, if the first device and the second device support Manchester encoding, the encoded first information bit sequence is transmitted between the first device and the second device, and the first information bit sequence is transmitted between the first device and the second device, and the second ... K The candidate values ​​are further divided into 2 K correspond to two candidate values, KAfter Manchester encoding is performed on the candidate values ​​with code rate R, K There may be codewords.

[0066] K=1, M=12, and R=1 / 2 are further used as an example. The number of information bits supported for transmission on one OFDM symbol is 1 bit, and 2 1 , which correspond to two possible values, 0 and 1, respectively. After Manchester encoding is performed at a code rate of 1 / 2 for 0, the resulting codeword (or encoded bit) is 01, and after Manchester encoding is performed at a code rate of 1 / 2 for 1, the resulting codeword (or encoded bit) is 10. In other words, the number of bits of a codeword supported for transmission on each OFDM symbol is 2 bits. A first mapping set may be shown in Table 3. The number of bits of a codeword supported for transmission on one OFDM symbol is 2 bits, which corresponds to two codewords, 01 and 10, respectively. 1 The first sequences are a first sequence A11 (aa0, aa1, ..., aa11) and a first sequence A12 (ab0, ab1, ..., ab11), respectively, where the candidate value 01 is mapped to the first sequence A11 and the candidate value 10 is mapped to the first sequence A12. Each of the first sequences A11 and A12 includes 12 elements, and each element may be a PSK or QAM modulation symbol or a Zadoff-Chu sequence.

[0067] [Table 3]

[0068] Furthermore, in an example where the first information bit sequence is 1011, K=1, and transmission of the first information bit sequence occupies four OFDM symbols (symbol 1 to symbol 4 are used as an example). In this case, the first information bit sequence is 10011010 after Manchester encoding is performed at a code rate of 1 / 2. For the first information bit sequence, the code word transmitted on symbol 1 is 10, and the corresponding first sequence is A12; the code word transmitted on symbol 2 is 01, and the corresponding first sequence is A11; the code word transmitted on symbol 3 is 10, and the corresponding first sequence is A12; and the code word transmitted on symbol 4 is 1, and the corresponding first sequence is A12. The first target sequences corresponding to the first information bit sequence are A12, A11, A12, and A12.

[0069] S702: The first device performs subcarrier mapping, IFFT, and CP addition on the first target sequence to obtain a first signal.

[0070] S703: The first device transmits a first signal on a first frequency domain resource, and correspondingly, the second device receives the first signal on the first frequency domain resource.

[0071] 8, which illustrates generating a CP-OFDM waveform, after determining a first target sequence corresponding to a first information bit sequence, the first device may perform subcarrier mapping on the first target sequence, i.e., map M elements corresponding to the first target sequence on each OFDM symbol to M subcarriers of a first frequency-domain resource, and perform an inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) and a cyclic prefix (CP) addition process on the mapped sequence to obtain a low-power OFDM time-domain signal, i.e., a first signal. After receiving the first signal, the second device may determine a first information bit sequence based on the first signal.

[0072] The first mapping set shown in Table 1 is used as an example. The second device may predetermine an amplitude demodulation threshold based on the amplitude of the carrier signal corresponding to sequence A11 and the amplitude of the carrier signal corresponding to sequence A12. For example, the amplitude of the carrier signal corresponding to sequence A11 is less than the amplitude demodulation threshold, and the amplitude of the carrier signal corresponding to sequence A12 is greater than the amplitude demodulation threshold. After receiving the first signal, the second device performs envelope detection. If it is detected that the average amplitude of the first signal on symbol 0 exceeds the amplitude demodulation threshold, the second device determines that the information bit corresponding to symbol 0 is 1. If it is detected that the average amplitude of the first signal on symbol 1 is less than the amplitude demodulation threshold, the second device determines that the information bit corresponding to symbol 1 is 0. In this way, the first information bit sequence is determined based on the first signal.

[0073] In some implementations, to support multiple connections or different services, the first device may further transmit multiple signals in parallel on multiple frequency-domain resources in a frequency-division multiplexing manner. However, when multiple signals are transmitted in parallel on multiple frequency-domain resources, a relatively high peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) may occur in the time domain. In addition, because the dynamic range of a power amplifier at the transmitting end (e.g., the first device) is usually limited, signals with a relatively high PAPR are likely to enter the nonlinear region of the power amplifier, resulting in nonlinear distortion in the signals, causing obvious spectrum extension interference and in-band signal distortion, and severely degrading the overall system performance. Therefore, when multiple signals are transmitted in a frequency-division multiplexing manner, it is necessary to consider how to reduce the PAPR.

[0074] In a possible implementation, signals transmitted on different frequency domain resources correspond to different mapping relationships within the mapping set.

[0075] 9 is a diagram of frequency division multiplexing of signals. In addition to transmitting a first signal on a first frequency domain resource, a first device further transmits a second signal on a second frequency domain resource. The second signal may be obtained by the second device by performing subcarrier mapping, IFFT, and CP addition on a second target sequence, and the second target sequence is determined by the first device from a second information bit sequence based on a second mapping set. The second mapping set may be a set of two or more information bit sequences. K candidate values ​​and 2 K 2 K The second sequence is a set of two KThe first set of sequences may be the same as the first set, but the second set of sequences may be different. K candidate values ​​and 2 K The second mapping relationship between the first set of K candidate values ​​and 2 K The first mapping relationship between the first sequence and the second sequence is different from the first mapping relationship between the first sequence and the second sequence.

[0076] The first mapping set shown in Table 4 and the second mapping set shown in Table 5 are used as an example. The sequences (first sequence and second sequence) in the first mapping set and the second mapping set are the same. However, in the first mapping set (i.e., on the first frequency domain resource), the candidate value 0 corresponds to the first sequence A11 (aa0, aa1, ..., aa11), and the candidate value 1 corresponds to the first sequence A12 (ab0, ab1, ..., ab11). In the second mapping set (i.e., on the second frequency domain resource), the candidate value 0 corresponds to the second sequence A21 (ab0, ab1, ..., ab11), and the candidate value 1 corresponds to the second sequence A22 (aa0, aa1, ..., aa11).

[0077] [Table 4]

[0078] [Table 5]

[0079] In another possible implementation, signals transmitted on different frequency domain resources correspond to different sequences in a mapping set.

[0080] The first mapping set shown in Table 6 and the second mapping set shown in Table 7 are used as examples, and the sequences (first sequence and second sequence) in the first mapping set and the second mapping set are different, and the second sequence in the second mapping set can be obtained by reversing the first sequence in the first mapping set. For example, the second sequence A21 can be obtained by reversing the first sequence A11, and the second sequence A22 can be obtained by reversing the first sequence A12. In the first mapping set (i.e., on the first frequency domain resource), the candidate value 0 corresponds to the first sequence A11 (aa0, aa1, ..., aa11), and the candidate value 1 corresponds to the first sequence A12 (ab0, ab1, ..., ab11). In the second mapping set (i.e., on the second frequency domain resource), the candidate value 0 corresponds to the second sequence A21 (aa11, aa10, ..., aa0), and the candidate value 1 corresponds to the second sequence A22 (ab11, ab10, ..., ab0).

[0081] [Table 6]

[0082] [Table 7]

[0083] It may be understood that for a group of values ​​of K and M, N mapping sets may be preconfigured in the first device and the second device, or N mapping sets may be pre-agreed. For example, for K=1 and M=2, there is a first mapping set shown in Table 4 and a second mapping set shown in Table 5. The N mapping sets may be numbered sequentially by indexes denoted as 0, 1, ..., N-1. When transmitting signals on multiple frequency domain resources in a frequency division multiplexing manner, the first device may select a corresponding mapping set based on the value of the "frequency domain resource index mod N." For example, when N=2, the index 1 mod N of frequency domain resource 1 is 1, and the mapping set with index 1 is selected, and the index 2 mod N of frequency domain resource 2 is 0, and the mapping set with index 0 is selected.

[0084] In addition, to transmit multiple low-power signals (e.g., a first signal and a second signal) in a frequency division multiplexing manner, a receiving device (e.g., a second device) may further receive the low-power signals in a duty cycle mode to reduce power consumption. The duty cycle operation mode is different from the always-on operation mode. In the always-on operation mode, a receiving device (e.g., a second device) cannot predict when a transmitting device (e.g., a first device) will transmit a low-power signal. To avoid missing the low-power signal, the receiving device needs to constantly maintain a receiving state. Therefore, the power consumption of the receiving device in this mode is higher. In the duty cycle operation mode, the transmitting device and the receiving device agree on an opportunity to transmit a low-power signal, and the low-power signal may be transmitted periodically. The transmitting device does not transmit the low-power signal except during the agreed-upon time. In this mode, the receiving device may further reduce power consumption by turning off its receiver during times when a low-power signal is unlikely to occur. Another idea for reducing PAPR in consideration of the duty-cycle operation mode is for the transmitting device to ensure, through configuration, that low-power signals are not transmitted simultaneously on different frequency-domain resources to reduce PAPR. As shown in Figure 10, the operation mode of the receiving device (e.g., the second device) is the duty-cycle operation mode, and the transmission opportunities (or times) of the low-power signals configured by the transmitting device (e.g., the first device) for the different frequency-domain resources are different. For example, the first device may configure the first transmission period of the first signal to be different from the second transmission period of the second signal, and / or the starting position for transmitting the first signal in the first transmission period to be different from the starting position for transmitting the second signal in the second transmission period.

[0085] In some implementations, to support cases where signals on different frequency domain resources are not transmitted simultaneously and reduce PAPR, the first device may independently configure parameters of signals on each frequency domain resource. For example, when transmitting a first signal and a second signal in a frequency division multiplexed manner, the first device may separately transmit first configuration information and second configuration information to devices receiving the first signal and the second signal, where the first configuration information indicates at least one of a first transmission period, a starting position within the first transmission period, or a duration within the first transmission period of the first signal, and the second configuration information indicates at least one of a second transmission period, a starting position within the second transmission period, or a duration within the second transmission period of the second signal.

[0086] The above primarily describes the generation of OFDM-compatible low-power signals using CP-OFDM waveforms. In some implementations, low-power signals may be generated using discrete Fourier transform (DFT)-spread OFDM waveforms to be OFDM-compatible.

[0087] 11 shows another signal transmission method according to an embodiment of the present application. The method includes the following steps:

[0088] S1101: A first device determines a first target sequence based on a first information bit sequence.

[0089] The ratio (sometimes referred to as the length ratio) of the number of elements in the first target sequence to the number of elements in the first information bit sequence is M / K, where K is the number of information bits supported for transmission on one OFDM symbol, and M is the number of subcarriers in the first frequency domain resource utilized to transmit the first information bit sequence.

[0090] S1102: The first device performs DFT, subcarrier mapping, IFFT, and CP addition on the first target sequence to obtain a first signal.

[0091] S1103: The first device transmits a first signal on a first frequency domain resource, and correspondingly, the second device receives the first signal.

[0092] In this embodiment of the application, OOK modulation or the like is applied to an NR system, and the information carried on each OFDM symbol is determined based on the amplitude (or envelope, level, or energy, etc.) of the carrier on the OFDM symbol. For example, if the average amplitude of the carrier on the OFDM symbol is high or not 0, the signal on the carrier is referred to as an ON signal indicating 1 (or the OFDM symbol is an ON symbol), and if the average amplitude of the carrier on the OFDM symbol is low or 0, the signal on the carrier is referred to as an OFF signal indicating 0 (or the OFDM symbol is an OFF symbol). The ON signal and the OFF signal may be collectively referred to as an OOK signal. The amplitude is defined relative to the receiver's amplitude demodulation threshold. If the amplitude is above the demodulation threshold, the amplitude is high, and if the amplitude is below the demodulation threshold, the amplitude is low.

[0093] When the number of information bits supported for transmission on one OFDM symbol is K and the number of subcarriers of the first frequency domain resource utilized to transmit the first information bit sequence is M, in this embodiment of this application, the number of elements of the first information bit sequence may be expanded by a factor of M / K, so that the first information bit sequence may be mapped to M subcarriers.

[0094] In a possible implementation, M is equal to or greater than K, and the first device may perform an upsampling (or iteration) process on the first information bit sequence to obtain the first target sequence, where the upsampling multiple (or iteration number) is M / K. In other words, one 0 in the first information bit sequence corresponds to M / K 0s in the first target sequence, and one 1 in the first information bit sequence corresponds to M / K 1s in the first target sequence. Taking M=12, K=4, and M / K=3 as an example, the first information bit sequence is 1, 0, 1, 0, and the first target sequence 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0 is obtained after upsampling is performed on the first information bit sequence 1, 0, 1, 0 using the multiple M / K or the iteration process repeated M / K times.

[0095] The first information bit sequence 1, 0, 1, 0 may represent ON, OFF, ON, and OFF, where ON may represent an ON signal in OOK modulation, and OF may represent an OFF signal in OOK modulation. The M / K 1s in the first target sequence represent a time-domain signal corresponding to an upsampled or repeated ON signal. Therefore, the ON signal may be formed using a sequence of all 1s. In some implementations, the receiving device (e.g., the second device) receives the signal using an envelope detection scheme, in which only amplitude detection is performed. Therefore, the ON signal in the first target sequence may alternatively be formed using any constant envelope sequence. For example, the ON signal may be formed using a Zadoff-Chu sequence because the Zadoff-Chu sequence has a flat spectrum and is suitable for withstanding frequency-selective fading. Alternatively, the ON signal may be formed using a low-PAPR sequence defined in the NR system. The definitions of Zadoff-Chu sequences and low-PAPR sequences are provided in the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). rdSee Section 5.2 of TS 38.211 V17.4.0 (3GPP Generation Partnership Project). Referring to FIG. 12, which illustrates generating a DFT-S-OFDM waveform, after determining a first target sequence corresponding to a first information bit sequence, the first device may perform a DFT on the first target sequence, perform subcarrier mapping on the first target sequence obtained after the DFT, i.e., map M elements corresponding to the first target sequence on each OFDM symbol to M subcarriers of a first frequency-domain resource, and perform IFFT and CP addition on the mapped sequence to obtain a low-power OFDM time-domain signal, i.e., a first signal. After receiving the first signal, the second device may determine a first information bit sequence based on the first signal.

[0096] In one example, after receiving the first signal, the second device detects that the amplitude of the first signal jumps up and down (high-low-high-low) using an envelope detection method and determines that the first information bit sequence is 1010.

[0097] It should be understood that in the communication method (CP-OFDM waveform) shown in FIG. 7, the first target sequence corresponding to the first information bit sequence determined based on the first mapping set can also be considered as the sequence obtained after DFT in the communication method (DFT-S-OFDM waveform) shown in FIG. 11.

[0098] In some implementations, to support multiple connections or different services, the first device may further transmit multiple signals in parallel on multiple frequency domain resources in a frequency division multiplexing manner. However, when multiple signals are transmitted in parallel on multiple frequency domain resources, a relatively high PAPR may occur in the time domain. In addition, because the dynamic range of the power amplifier at the transmitting end (e.g., the first device) is usually limited, signals with a relatively high PAPR are likely to enter the nonlinear region of the power amplifier, resulting in nonlinear distortion in the signal, causing obvious spectrum-spreading interference and in-band signal distortion, and severely degrading the overall system performance. Therefore, when multiple signals are transmitted in a frequency division multiplexing manner, it is necessary to consider how to reduce the PAPR.

[0099] In a possible implementation, when an ON signal in a target sequence corresponding to a signal transmitted by a first device on a different frequency domain resource is formed using a Zadoff-Chu sequence, one or more of a root factor, a cyclic shift, a sequence group number u, and a sequence number v of the Zadoff-Chu sequence are determined based on the position of the frequency domain resource for transmitting the signal or the index of the frequency domain resource within a frequency domain resource set. For example, when an ON signal in a first target sequence corresponding to a first signal transmitted on a first frequency domain resource is formed using a Zadoff-Chu sequence, one or more of a root factor, a cyclic shift, a sequence group number u, and a sequence number v corresponding to the Zadoff-Chu sequence may be determined based on the position of the first frequency domain resource or the index of the first frequency domain resource within a frequency domain resource set. In other words, when the first device transmits signals on different frequency domain resources, the Zadoff-Chu sequence generation factors, such as the root factor, cyclic shift, u, and v, utilized for the ON signal may be different, thereby reducing the PAPR when the first device transmits signals on different frequency domain resources.

[0100] Similarly, when an ON signal in a target sequence corresponding to a signal transmitted by a first device on a different frequency-domain resource is formed using a low-PAPR sequence to reduce PAPR, one or more of the sequence group number u and the sequence number v corresponding to the low-PAPR sequence may also be determined based on the position of the frequency-domain resource for transmitting the signal or the index of the frequency-domain resource within the frequency-domain resource set. For example, when an ON signal in a first target sequence corresponding to a first signal transmitted on a first frequency-domain resource is formed using a low-PAPR sequence, one or more of the sequence group number u and the sequence number v corresponding to the PAPR sequence may be determined based on the position of the first frequency-domain resource or the index of the first frequency-domain resource within the frequency-domain resource set.

[0101] In addition, when a low-power signal is generated using a DFT-spread OFDM waveform, similar to when a low-power signal is generated using a CP-OFDM waveform, to transmit multiple low-power signals (e.g., a first signal and a second signal) in a frequency division multiplexed manner, a receiving device (e.g., a second device) may further receive the low-power signal in a duty cycle mode to reduce power consumption. The duty cycle operation mode is different from the always-on operation mode. In the always-on operation mode, the receiving device (e.g., a second device) cannot predict when the transmitting device (e.g., a first device) will have an opportunity to transmit a low-power signal. To avoid missing the low-power signal, the receiving device needs to constantly maintain a reception state. Therefore, the power consumption of the receiving device in this mode is higher. In the duty cycle operation mode, the transmitting device and the receiving device agree on an opportunity to transmit a low-power signal, and the low-power signal may be transmitted periodically. The transmitting device does not transmit the low-power signal except at the agreed-upon time. In this manner, the receiving device may turn off its receiver during times when low-power signals are unlikely to occur, further reducing power consumption. Another idea for reducing PAPR in the consideration of the duty-cycle operation mode is for the transmitting device to ensure, through configuration, that low-power signals are not simultaneously transmitted on different frequency-domain resources. As shown in FIG. 10 , when the operation mode of the receiving device (e.g., the second device) is the duty-cycle operation mode, the transmission opportunities (or times) for the low-power signals configured by the transmitting device (e.g., the first device) for the different frequency-domain resources are different. For example, the first device may configure the first transmission period of the first signal to be different from the second transmission period of the second signal, and / or the starting position for transmitting the first signal in the first transmission period to be different from the starting position for transmitting the second signal in the second transmission period.

[0102] In some implementations, to support cases where signals on different frequency domain resources are not transmitted simultaneously and reduce PAPR, the first device may independently configure parameters of signals on each frequency domain resource. For example, when transmitting a first signal and a second signal in a frequency division multiplexed manner, the first device may separately transmit first configuration information and second configuration information to devices receiving the first signal and the second signal, where the first configuration information indicates at least one of a first transmission period, a starting position within the first transmission period, or a duration within the first transmission period of the first signal, and the second configuration information indicates at least one of a second transmission period, a starting position within the second transmission period, or a duration within the second transmission period of the second signal.

[0103] 13 is a diagram illustrating frequency division multiplexing of low-power signals and NR signals. By using low-power signals generated using a CP-OFDM waveform or a DFT-spread OFDM waveform, a transmitting device (e.g., a first device) can transmit NR signals (e.g., NR signal 1 and NR signal 2) and low-power signals compatible with an NR system (e.g., low-power signal 1 and low-power signal 2) in a frequency division multiplexed manner.

[0104] In this embodiment of the application, it should be understood that when multiple signals are transmitted on multiple frequency domain resources in a frequency division multiplexing manner, the multiple frequency domain resources may not overlap in the frequency domain.

[0105] The above describes the solutions provided in this application mainly from the perspective of the first device and the second device. It can be understood that, to implement the above functions, each device includes a corresponding hardware structure and / or a corresponding software module (or unit) for performing each function. Those skilled in the art should easily realize that, in combination with the example units and algorithm steps described in the embodiments disclosed in this specification, this application can be realized by hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software. Whether the functions are performed by hardware or by hardware driven by computer software depends on the specific application and the design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art may use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to go beyond the scope of this application.

[0106] 14 and 15 are diagrams of possible communication device structures according to embodiments of this application. These communication devices may be configured to implement the functions of the first device or the second device in the above method embodiments, and thus can also realize the advantageous effects of the above method embodiments. In the embodiments of this application, the communication device may be the first device in FIG. 7 or FIG. 11, the second device in FIG. 7 or FIG. 11, or a module (e.g., a chip) applied to the first device or the second device.

[0107] 14, the communication device 1400 may include a processing unit 1402 and a communication unit 1403, and may further include a storage unit 1401. The communication device 1400 is configured to implement the functions of the first device or the second device in the method embodiments shown in FIG. 7 or FIG. 11.

[0108] When the communication device 1400 is configured to implement the function of the first device in the method embodiment shown in FIG. 7, the processing unit 1402 is configured to determine a first target sequence corresponding to a first information bit sequence based on a first mapping set, where the first mapping set includes: K candidate values ​​and 2 K a first mapping relationship between the first sequences and the K each of the first sequences includes M elements, where K is the number of information bits supported for transmission on one OFDM symbol, and M is the number of subcarriers in the first frequency domain resource for transmitting the first information bit sequence; and is configured to perform subcarrier mapping, IFFT, and CP addition on the first target sequence to obtain a first signal; and the communication unit 1403 is configured to transmit the first signal on the first frequency domain resource.

[0109] In a possible design, 2 K The candidate values ​​are 2 corresponding to K. K corresponding to 2 candidate values. K 2 after Manchester encoding with code rate R is performed on the candidate values K are codewords.

[0110] In a possible design, the communication unit 1403 is configured to transmit a second signal on a second frequency domain resource, where the second signal is obtained by performing subcarrier mapping, IFFT, and CP addition on a second target sequence, where the second target sequence is determined from a second information bit sequence based on a second mapping set, and the second mapping set is configured to include: K candidate values ​​and 2 K The method is further configured to include a second mapping relationship between the first and second sequences.

[0111] In a possible design, 2 K The second sequence ofK the first sequence is the same as the first sequence, and the first mapping relationship is different from the second mapping relationship; or K The second sequence of K different from the first sequence and K The second sequence of K is obtained by reversing the first sequence.

[0112] In a possible design, the first transmission period of the first signal is different from the second transmission period of the second signal, and / or the starting position for transmitting the first signal in the first transmission period is different from the starting position for transmitting the second signal in the second transmission period.

[0113] In a possible design, the communication unit 1403 is further configured to transmit first configuration information and second configuration information, where the first configuration information indicates at least one of a first transmission period of the first signal, a starting position within the first transmission period, or a duration of the first transmission period, and the second configuration information indicates at least one of a second transmission period of the second signal, a starting position within the second transmission period, or a duration of the second transmission period.

[0114] When the communication apparatus 1400 is configured to realize the functions of the first device in the method embodiment shown in FIG. 11 , the processing unit 1402 is configured to determine a first target sequence based on a first information bit sequence, where the ratio of the number of elements included in the first target sequence to the number of elements included in the first information bit sequence is M / K, where K is the number of information bits supported for transmission on one OFDM symbol, and M is the number of subcarriers in the first frequency domain resource used to transmit the first information bit sequence; and perform DFT, subcarrier mapping, IFFT, and CP addition on the first target sequence to obtain a first signal; and the communication unit 1403 is configured to transmit the first signal on the first frequency domain resource.

[0115] In a possible design, the first target sequence includes a sequence corresponding to at least one ON signal and / or a sequence corresponding to at least one OFF signal, and the sequence corresponding to one ON signal is formed using an all-ones sequence, a Zadoff-Chu sequence, or a low-PAPR sequence.

[0116] In a possible design, the sequence corresponding to the ON signal is formed using a Zadoff-Chu sequence, and one or more of a root factor, a cyclic shift, a sequence group number u, and a sequence number v corresponding to the Zadoff-Chu sequence are determined based on the position of the first frequency domain resource in the frequency domain resource set or the index of the first frequency domain resource; or the sequence corresponding to the ON signal is formed using a low-PAPR sequence, and one or more of a sequence group number u and a sequence number v corresponding to the low-PAPR sequence are determined based on the position of the first frequency domain resource in the frequency domain resource set or the index of the first frequency domain resource.

[0117] In a possible design, the communication unit 1403 is further configured to transmit a second signal on a second frequency domain resource, wherein a first transmission period of the first signal is different from a second transmission period of the second signal, and / or a starting position for transmitting the first signal in the first transmission period is different from a starting position for transmitting the second signal in the second transmission period.

[0118] In a possible design, the communication unit 1403 is further configured to transmit first configuration information and second configuration information, where the first configuration information indicates at least one of a first transmission period of the first signal, a starting position within the first transmission period, or a duration of the first transmission period, and the second configuration information indicates at least one of a second transmission period of the second signal, a starting position within the second transmission period, or a duration of the second transmission period.

[0119] 15, the communication device 1500 includes a processor 1510 and an interface circuit 1520. The processor 1510 and the interface circuit 1520 are coupled to each other. It may be understood that the interface circuit 1520 may be a transceiver or an input / output interface. Optionally, the communication device 1500 may further include a memory 1530 configured to store instructions to be executed by the processor 1510, or to store input data required for the processor 1510 to execute the instructions, or to store data generated after the processor 1510 executes the instructions.

[0120] When the communication device 1500 is configured to perform the method shown in FIG. 7 or FIG. 11, the processor 1510 is configured to implement the functionality of the processing unit 1402, and the interface circuit 1520 is configured to implement the functionality of the communication unit 1403.

[0121] In another aspect of this embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, which stores a program or instructions, and when the program or instructions are executed, a communication method applicable to the first device in the above method embodiment can be performed.

[0122] In another aspect of this embodiment, a computer program product is provided that includes instructions that, when executed, can perform a communication method applicable to the first device in the method embodiments above.

[0123] In another aspect of this embodiment, a chip is provided, which, when operating, may perform a communication method applicable to the first device in the method embodiments above.

[0124] It may be understood that the processor in the embodiments of this application may be a central processing unit (CPU), other general-purpose processor, digital signal processor (DSP), application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), logic circuit, field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, transistor logic device, hardware component, or any combination thereof. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor, etc.

[0125] The method steps in the embodiments of this application may be implemented in a hardware system or by a processor executing software instructions. The software instructions may include corresponding software modules. The software modules may be stored in random access memory, flash memory, read-only memory, programmable read-only memory, erasable programmable read-only memory, electrically erasable programmable read-only memory, registers, hard disk, removable hard disk, CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium well known in the art. For example, the storage medium may be coupled to the processor, thereby allowing the processor to read information from and write information to the storage medium. Of course, the storage medium may be a component of the processor. The processor and the storage medium may be located in an ASIC. In addition, the ASIC may be located in a network device or a terminal device. Of course, the processor and the storage medium may alternatively be present as separate components in the network device or the terminal device.

[0126] All or part of the above embodiments may be realized using software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When software is used to realize an embodiment, all or part of the embodiment may be implemented in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer programs or instructions. When the computer programs or instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, all or part of the procedures or functions of the embodiments of this application are executed. The computer may be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, a network device, user equipment, or other programmable device. The computer program or instructions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, the computer program or instructions may be transmitted from one network device, terminal, computer, server, or data center to another network device, terminal, computer, server, or data center via a wired or wireless method. The computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer, or may be a data storage device that integrates one or more available media, such as a server or a data center. The available media may be magnetic media such as floppy disks, hard disks, or magnetic tape, optical media such as digital video disks, or semiconductor media such as solid state drives. The computer readable storage media may be volatile or non-volatile storage media or may include two types of storage media: volatile storage media and non-volatile storage media.

[0127] In various embodiments of this application, unless otherwise stated or there is no logical contradiction, the terms and / or descriptions in different embodiments are consistent and may be cross-referenced, and the technical features in different embodiments may be combined based on their internal logical relationships to form new embodiments.

[0128] In addition, it should be understood that in the embodiments of this application, the term "for example" is utilized to mean providing an example, illustration, or explanation. Any embodiment or design scheme described in this application as an "example" should not be construed as being preferred or having more advantages over other embodiments or design schemes. Strictly speaking, the term "example" is intended to present concepts in a concrete manner.

[0129] It can be understood that various numbers in the embodiments of this application are merely used for distinction to facilitate description, and are not used to limit the scope of the embodiments of this application. The sequence numbers of the above processes do not mean the execution order, and the execution order of the processes should be determined based on the functions and internal logic of the processes.

Claims

1. determining a first target sequence corresponding to a first information bit sequence based on a first mapping set, the first mapping set comprising: K candidate values ​​and 2 K a first mapping relationship between the two first sequences, K each of the first sequences includes M elements, K is a number of information bits supported for transmission on one Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing OFDM symbol, and M is a number of subcarriers of a first frequency domain resource for transmitting the first information bit sequences; performing subcarrier mapping, inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT), and cyclic prefix (CP) addition on the first target sequence to obtain a first signal; transmitting the first signal on the first frequency domain resource; A signal transmission method comprising:

2. 2. K The candidate values ​​are the 2 K corresponding to the two candidate values, K After Manchester encoding is performed on the candidate values ​​with code rate R, K are codewords, The method of claim 1.

3. The method comprises: transmitting a second signal on a second frequency domain resource, the second signal being obtained by performing subcarrier mapping, IFFT, and CP addition on a second target sequence, the second target sequence being determined from a second information bit sequence based on a second mapping set, the second mapping set being a set of subcarriers for the second information bit sequence; K candidate values ​​and 2 K a second mapping relationship between the first and second sequences; further comprising:

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2.

4. 2. K The second sequences are K the first sequence is the same as the first sequence, and the first mapping relationship is different from the second mapping relationship; or 2. K The second sequences are K different from the first sequences and K The second sequences are K obtained by inverting the first sequence, The method of claim 3.

5. a first transmission period of the first signal is different from a second transmission period of the second signal; and / or a start position for transmitting the first signal in the first transmission period is different from a start position for transmitting the second signal in the second transmission period; The method according to claim 3 or 4.

6. The method comprises: transmitting first configuration information and second configuration information, wherein the first configuration information indicates at least one of the first transmission period of the first signal, the starting position within the first transmission period, or a duration of the first transmission period, and the second configuration information indicates at least one of the second transmission period of the second signal, the starting position within the second transmission period, or a duration of the second transmission period; further comprising: The method according to any one of claims 3 to 5.

7. determining a first target sequence based on a first information bit sequence, wherein a ratio of the number of elements included in the first target sequence to the number of elements included in the first information bit sequence is M / K, where K is a number of information bits supported for transmission on one Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbol, and M is a number of subcarriers of a first frequency domain resource utilized to transmit the first information bit sequence; performing a Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT), a subcarrier mapping, an Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT), and a CP addition on the first target sequence to obtain a first signal; transmitting the first signal on the first frequency domain resource; A signal transmission method comprising:

8. the first target sequence includes a sequence corresponding to at least one ON signal and / or a sequence corresponding to at least one OFF signal, and the sequence corresponding to one ON signal is formed using an all-ones sequence, a Zadoff-Chu sequence, or a low peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) sequence; The method of claim 7.

9. the sequence corresponding to the ON signal is formed using a Zadoff-Chu sequence, and one or more of a root factor, a cyclic shift, a sequence group number u, and a sequence number v corresponding to the Zadoff-Chu sequence are determined based on a position of the first frequency domain resource within a frequency domain resource set or an index of the first frequency domain resource; or the sequence corresponding to the ON signal is formed using a low-PAPR sequence, and one or more of a sequence group number u and a sequence number v corresponding to the low-PAPR sequence are determined based on a position of the first frequency domain resource in a frequency domain resource set or an index of the first frequency domain resource. The method of claim 8.

10. The method comprises: transmitting a second signal on a second frequency domain resource, wherein a first transmission period of the first signal is different from a second transmission period of the second signal; and / or a start position for transmitting the first signal in the first transmission period is different from a start position for transmitting the second signal in the second transmission period. further comprising: The method according to any one of claims 7 to 9.

11. The method comprises: transmitting first configuration information and second configuration information, wherein the first configuration information indicates at least one of the first transmission period of the first signal, the starting position within the first transmission period, or a duration of the first transmission period, and the second configuration information indicates at least one of the second transmission period of the second signal, the starting position within the second transmission period, or a duration of the second transmission period; further comprising: The method of claim 10.

12. A communication device including a communication unit and a processing unit, The processing unit is configured to determine a first target sequence corresponding to a first information bit sequence based on a first mapping set, the first mapping set comprising: K candidate values ​​and 2 K a first mapping relationship between the two first sequences, K each of the first sequences includes M elements, K is a number of information bits supported for transmission on one orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol, and M is a number of subcarriers of a first frequency domain resource for transmitting the first information bit sequence; and is configured to perform subcarrier mapping, inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT), and cyclic prefix (CP) addition on the first target sequence to obtain a first signal; The communication unit is configured to transmit the first signal on the first frequency domain resource.

13. 2. K The candidate values ​​are the 2 K corresponding to the two candidate values, K After Manchester encoding is performed on the candidate values ​​with code rate R, K are codewords, 13. The apparatus of claim 12.

14. The communication unit transmitting a second signal on a second frequency domain resource, the second signal being obtained by performing subcarrier mapping, IFFT, and CP addition on a second target sequence, the second target sequence being determined from a second information bit sequence based on a second mapping set, the second mapping set being a set of subcarriers for the second information bit sequence; K candidate values ​​and 2 K a second mapping relationship between the first and second sequences; 14. Apparatus according to claim 12 or 13.

15. 2. K The second sequences are K the first sequence is the same as the first sequence, and the first mapping relationship is different from the second mapping relationship; or 2. K The second sequences are K different from the first sequences and K The second sequences are K obtained by inverting the first sequence, 15. The apparatus of claim 14.

16. a first transmission period of the first signal is different from a second transmission period of the second signal; and / or a start position for transmitting the first signal in the first transmission period is different from a start position for transmitting the second signal in the second transmission period; 16. Apparatus according to claim 14 or 15.

17. The communication unit further configured to: transmit first configuration information and second configuration information, wherein the first configuration information indicates at least one of the first transmission period of the first signal, the starting position within the first transmission period, or a duration of the first transmission period, and the second configuration information indicates at least one of the second transmission period of the second signal, the starting position within the second transmission period, or a duration of the second transmission period.

17. The device according to any one of claims 14 to 16.

18. A communication device including a communication unit and a processing unit, the processing unit is configured to: determine a first target sequence based on a first information bit sequence, wherein a ratio of the number of elements included in the first target sequence to the number of elements included in the first information bit sequence is M / K, where K is a number of information bits supported for transmission on one Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbol, and M is a number of subcarriers of a first frequency domain resource utilized to transmit the first information bit sequence; and perform a Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT), a subcarrier mapping, an Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT), and a CP addition on the first target sequence to obtain a first signal; the communication unit is configured to transmit the first signal on the first frequency domain resource; Communication equipment.

19. the first target sequence includes a sequence corresponding to at least one ON signal and / or a sequence corresponding to at least one OFF signal, and the sequence corresponding to one ON signal is formed using an all-ones sequence, a Zadoff-Chu sequence, or a low peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) sequence; 20. The apparatus of claim 18.

20. the sequence corresponding to the ON signal is formed using a Zadoff-Chu sequence, and one or more of a root factor, a cyclic shift, a sequence group number u, and a sequence number v corresponding to the Zadoff-Chu sequence are determined based on a position of the first frequency domain resource within a frequency domain resource set or an index of the first frequency domain resource; or the sequence corresponding to the ON signal is formed using a low-PAPR sequence, and one or more of a sequence group number u and a sequence number v corresponding to the low-PAPR sequence are determined based on a position of the first frequency domain resource in a frequency domain resource set or an index of the first frequency domain resource.

20. The apparatus of claim 19.

21. the communication unit is further configured to transmit a second signal on a second frequency domain resource, wherein a first transmission period of the first signal is different from a second transmission period of the second signal, and / or a starting position for transmitting the first signal in the first transmission period is different from a starting position for transmitting the second signal in the second transmission period. An apparatus according to any one of claims 18 to 20.

22. the communication unit is further configured to transmit first configuration information and second configuration information, wherein the first configuration information indicates at least one of the first transmission period of the first signal, the starting position within the first transmission period, or a duration of the first transmission period, and the second configuration information indicates at least one of the second transmission period of the second signal, the starting position within the second transmission period, or a duration of the second transmission period.

22. The apparatus of claim 21.

23. A communication device comprising a processor and an interface circuit, the interface circuit being configured to receive signals from a communication device other than the communication device and to transmit the signals to the processor, or to transmit signals from the processor to a communication device other than the communication device, the processor being configured to perform a method according to any one of claims 1 to 11 by means of logic circuits or by executing code instructions.

24. A computer program product comprising a program or instructions, which, when executed by a processor, performs the method of any one of claims 1 to 11.

25. A chip system, the chip system including a processor, the processor configured to be coupled to a memory, the memory configured to store a program or instructions, the program or the instructions being executed by the processor to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 11.

26. A computer-readable storage medium, the storage medium storing a computer program or instructions, the computer program or instructions being executed by a processor to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 11.

Images