UWB-based PPDU transmission method and apparatus

Abstract

This application relates to a UWB-based PPDU transmission method and apparatus. The method involves two communicating parties exchanging PPDUs. The PPDU includes a first sequence. The first sequence is a ternary perfect sequence, and the periodic cross-correlation function of the first and second sequences belonging to the same sequence pair has up to three different values. According to embodiments of this application, interference between devices can be reduced. This application is applicable to UWB-based WPAN systems, sensing systems, etc., including 802.15 series protocols, e.g., the 802.15.4ab standard or the next-generation standard of 802.15.4ab. This application may be further applicable to WLAN systems that support 802.11 series protocols, such as 802.11be, Wi-Fi 7, or the next-generation Wi-Fi protocol of 802.11ax, such as EHT, the next-generation protocol of 802.11be, such as Wi-Fi 8 or UHR, or Wi-Fi AI.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] Cross-reference of related applications This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202310260811.4, filed with the China National Intellectual Property Administration on 10 March 2023, titled "UWB-BASED PPDU TRANSMISSION METHOD AND APPARATUS," which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

[0002] This application relates to the field of communication technology, and more particularly to an ultra-wideband (UWB) based physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU) transmission method and apparatus. [Background technology]

[0003] As ultra-wideband (UWB) technology enters the civilian sector, UWB wireless communication is becoming one of the physical layer technologies for short-range and high-speed wireless networks. UWB technology is a wireless carrier communication technology that can transmit data by using non-sinusoidal narrow pulses, for example, at the nanosecond level, and therefore occupies a very wide spectral range. Due to UWB's narrow pulses and low radiated spectral density, UWB offers advantages such as strong multipath resolution, low power consumption, and high confidentiality.

[0004] The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) has incorporated UWB technology into the IEEE 802 series wireless standards and released the UWB-based high-speed wireless personal area network (WPAN) standards IEEE 802.15.4a and its evolved version IEEE 802.15.4z. The next-generation UWB wireless personal area network (WPAN) standard 802.15.4ab is currently under discussion. Because ultra-wideband technology performs data transmission via the transmission and reception of extremely narrow pulses at the nanosecond level, rather than carriers in conventional communication systems, it places a high demand for time synchronization in transceiver devices. Therefore, the design of the synchronization sequence in ultra-wideband technology is crucial.

[0005] Currently, several synchronization sequences (i.e., preamble sequences) are defined in the 802.15.4a and 802.15.4z standards. However, using existing synchronization sequences can cause strong interference when multiple devices transmit communications simultaneously, potentially leading to transmission failures. [Overview of the project] [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] Embodiments of this application provide a UWB-based PPDU transmission method and apparatus that can reduce interference between perfect sequences while ensuring the periodic autocorrelation characteristics of perfect sequences, thereby reducing interference between devices and supporting simultaneous transmission across multiple devices.

[0007] The present application will be described below in various aspects. It should be understood that the following embodiments and the beneficial effects of the various aspects can be referenced to one another.

[0008] According to a first aspect, the present application provides a UWB-based PPDU transmission method. The method comprises a communication device generating and transmitting a PPDU. The PPDU includes a first sequence. The periodic autocorrelation main lobe amplitude of the first sequence is non-zero, and the periodic autocorrelation side lobe amplitude of the first sequence is zero. The periodic cross-correlation function between the first sequence and the second sequence has up to three different values, and the first and second sequences belong to the same sequence pair. The first sequence may be used to perform one or more of the functions of time synchronization, sensing measurement, ranging, or device wake-up. The specific functions of the first sequence are not limited in this application. For example, the first sequence may be carried in one or more of the following fields of the PPDU: namely, a synchronization field, a wake-up field, a sensing field, or a ranging field.

[0009] In this application, a sequence in which the amplitude of the periodic autocorrelation main lobe is not zero and the amplitude of the periodic autocorrelation side lobes is zero is called a Perfect Sequence. Correspondingly, in this application, "Perfect periodic autocorrelation characteristics" may mean that the amplitude of the periodic autocorrelation main lobe is not zero and the amplitude of the periodic autocorrelation side lobes is zero.

[0010] Since the sum of the amplitudes of the periodic cross-correlation functions of the two sequences is a fixed value, the fewer the number of different values ​​in the periodic cross-correlation function, the smaller the maximum amplitude of the periodic cross-correlation function. The interference intensity between the two sequences depends primarily on the maximum amplitude of the periodic cross-correlation function of the two sequences (i.e., the maximum cross-correlation sidelobe amplitude). Therefore, in this embodiment of the present application, the periodic cross-correlation functions of the two sequences in a sequence pair (e.g., the first sequence and the second sequence) are constrained to have a maximum of three different values, and the maximum cross-correlation sidelobe amplitude of the two sequences is small, thereby reducing interference between sequences while ensuring the periodic autocorrelation characteristics of the complete sequence. In this way, when the two sequences (i.e., the first sequence and the second sequence) are used for simultaneous communication, interference between the two devices is small, thereby supporting multi-device simultaneous transmission and improving the overall system throughput rate.

[0011] In relation to the first aspect, in one possible embodiment, before the communication device transmits a PPDU, the method may further include the communication device receiving sequence configuration information. The sequence configuration information includes sequence index information of the communication device, which corresponds to or is used to determine a first sequence. For example, the sequence index information may include a sequence index, or the sequence index information may include a sequence index and an index of a sequence pair. In some scenarios, the sequence configuration information may further include sequence index information of another communication device used to determine a second sequence. The communication devices may be geographically adjacent to each other. In this application, two geographically adjacent communication devices may be scheduled based on sequence configuration information to perform communication transmissions simultaneously by using different sequences of a sequence pair, thereby reducing interference, supporting multi-device simultaneous transmission, and improving the overall system throughput rate.

[0012] According to a second aspect, the present application provides a UWB-based PPDU transmission method. The method includes a communication device receiving and processing a PPDU. The PPDU includes a first sequence. The periodic autocorrelation main lobe amplitude of the first sequence is non-zero, and the periodic autocorrelation side lobe amplitude of the first sequence is zero. The periodic cross-correlation function between the first sequence and the second sequence has up to three different values, and the first and second sequences belong to the same sequence pair. The first sequence may be used to perform one or more of the functions of time synchronization, sensing measurement, ranging, or device wake-up. For example, the first sequence may be carried in one or more of the following fields of the PPDU: namely, a synchronization field, a wake-up field, a sensing field, or a ranging field.

[0013] In relation to a second aspect, in one possible embodiment, before the communication device processes the PPDU, the method may further include transmitting or receiving sequence configuration information. The sequence configuration information includes sequence index information, which corresponds to or is used to determine a first sequence. For example, if the communication device is used as a scheduler, the communication device transmits the sequence configuration information. If the communication device is not a scheduler, the communication device receives the sequence configuration information transmitted by the scheduler to determine a first sequence. The communication device then further processes the received PPDU by using the determined first sequence, for example, performing a correlation operation, and then, based on the results of the correlation operation, can perform operations such as time synchronization, distance measurement, sensing measurement, or device wake-up. For example, the sequence index information may include a sequence index, or the sequence index information may include a sequence index and an index of sequence pairs.

[0014] In one possible embodiment of any of the aforementioned aspects, the first sequence and the second sequence have the same length represented by N. Periodic cross-correlation function of the first sequence and the second sequence

number

number

[0015] Here, f = 2 × e - gcd(n, 3k), e = gcd(n, k), the quotient when n is divided by e (i.e., n / e) is odd, gcd(n, k) represents the greatest common divisor of n and k, and gcd(n, 3k) represents the greatest common divisor of n and 3k. Here, k is a positive integer and n is 2 n It satisfies =N+1.

number

[0016] For example, the length of both the first and second sequences is 511 bits. The first sequence may be any sequence in Table 1 in the following embodiments, while the second sequence may be another sequence in Table 1 belonging to the same sequence pair as the first sequence. Alternatively, the length of both the first and second sequences is 127 bits. The first sequence may be any sequence in Table 2 in the following embodiments, while the second sequence may be another sequence in Table 2 belonging to the same sequence pair as the first sequence.

[0017] In one possible embodiment of any of the aforementioned aspects, the first sequence may be generated based on a sequence decimated by d1 times the m sequence, and the second sequence may be generated based on a sequence decimated by d2 times the m sequence, where d1 and d2 are different, and d1 and d2 are such that d1 = (2k +1) -1 and d2 = 2 2k -2 k +1, or d1 = (2 k +1) and d2 = (2 2k -2 k +1) -1 is satisfied. Here, (2 k +1) -1 value is d1 × d1 -1 = 1 (mod N), that is, ((2 k +1) -1 × (2 k +1)) mod N = 1 can be solved by using. Similarly, (2 2k -2 k +1) -1 value is d2 × d2 -1 = 1 (mod N), that is, ((2 2k -2 k +1) -1 × (2 2k -2 k +1)) mod N = 1 can be solved by using. Here, k is a positive integer. N can represent the length of the m-sequence. For example, the length of the first sequence, the second sequence, and the m-sequence are all the same. Specifically, for the generation method and specific values (i.e., sequence pair) of the first sequence and the second sequence, please refer to the description of the following embodiments.

[0018] In one possible embodiment of any one of the foregoing aspects, the periodic autocorrelation main lobe amplitude of the second sequence is not 0, and the periodic autocorrelation side lobe amplitude of the second sequence is 0. In other words, the second sequence is also a complete sequence.

[0019] According to a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication device. The communication device is configured to execute the method according to any one of the first aspect or a possible embodiment of the first aspect. The communication device includes a unit for executing the method according to any one of the first aspect or a possible embodiment of the first aspect.

[0020] According to a fourth aspect, one embodiment of the present application provides a communication device. The communication device is configured to perform a method according to the second aspect or one of possible embodiments of the second aspect. The communication device includes a unit for performing a method according to the second aspect or one of possible embodiments of the second aspect.

[0021] In the third or fourth embodiment, the communication device may include a transceiver unit and a processing unit. For a specific description of the transceiver unit and processing unit, please refer to the embodiments of the device described below. For the beneficial effects of the third and fourth embodiments, please refer to the relevant descriptions of the first and second embodiments. Details will not be explained again here.

[0022] According to a fifth aspect, the present application provides a communication device. The communication device includes a processor configured to perform a method according to the first aspect or one of possible embodiments of the first aspect. Alternatively, the processor is configured to execute a program stored in memory. Once the program is executed, a method according to the first aspect or one of possible embodiments of the first aspect is performed.

[0023] In relation to a fifth aspect, in one possible embodiment, the memory is located outside the communication device.

[0024] In relation to a fifth aspect, in one possible embodiment, the memory is located inside the communication device.

[0025] In this application, the processor and memory can be alternatively integrated into a single component. In other words, the processor and memory can be alternatively integrated together.

[0026] In relation to a fifth aspect, in one possible embodiment, the communication device further includes a transceiver configured to transmit a PPDU.

[0027] According to a sixth aspect, the present application provides a communication device. The communication device includes a processor configured to perform a method according to the second aspect or one of possible embodiments of the second aspect. Alternatively, the processor is configured to execute a program stored in memory. Once the program is executed, a method according to the second aspect or one of possible embodiments of the second aspect is performed.

[0028] In relation to the sixth aspect, in one possible embodiment, the memory is located outside the communication device.

[0029] In relation to the sixth aspect, in one possible embodiment, the memory is located inside the communication device.

[0030] In this application, the processor and memory can be alternatively integrated into a single component. In other words, the processor and memory can be alternatively integrated together.

[0031] In relation to the sixth aspect, in one possible embodiment, the communication device further includes a transceiver configured to receive PPDUs.

[0032] According to a seventh aspect, the present application provides a communication device. The communication device includes a logic circuit and an interface, the logic circuit being coupled to the interface. The logic circuit is configured to generate a PPDU, the PPDU containing a first sequence. The periodic autocorrelation main lobe amplitude of the first sequence is non-zero, and the periodic autocorrelation side lobe amplitude of the first sequence is zero. The periodic cross-correlation function between the first sequence and the second sequence has at most three different values, and the first sequence and the second sequence belong to the same sequence pair. The interface is configured to output the PPDU.

[0033] According to the eighth aspect, the present application provides a communication device. The communication device includes a logic circuit and an interface, the logic circuit being coupled to the interface. The interface is configured to accept a PPDU as input. The PPDU includes a first sequence. The periodic autocorrelation main lobe amplitude of the first sequence is non-zero, and the periodic autocorrelation side lobe amplitude of the first sequence is zero. The periodic cross-correlation function between the first sequence and the second sequence has at most three different values, and the first sequence and the second sequence belong to the same sequence pair. The logic circuit is configured to process the PPDU.

[0034] According to the ninth aspect, one embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium. The computer-readable storage medium is configured to store a computer program. When the computer program is executed on a computer, a method according to the first aspect or any one of the possible embodiments of the first aspect is performed.

[0035] According to the tenth aspect, one embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium. The computer-readable storage medium is configured to store a computer program. When the computer program is executed on a computer, a method according to the second aspect or any one of the possible embodiments of the second aspect is performed.

[0036] According to the eleventh aspect, one embodiment of the present application provides a computer program product. The computer program product includes a computer program or computer code. When the computer program or computer code is executed on a computer, a method according to the first aspect or one of the possible embodiments thereof is performed.

[0037] According to the twelfth aspect, one embodiment of the present application provides a computer program product. The computer program product includes a computer program or computer code. When the computer program or computer code is executed on a computer, a method according to the second aspect or any one of the possible embodiments of the second aspect is performed.

[0038] According to the thirteenth aspect, one embodiment of the present application provides a computer program. When the computer program is executed on a computer, a method according to the first aspect or one of the possible embodiments of the first aspect is performed.

[0039] According to the fourteenth aspect, one embodiment of the present application provides a computer program. When the computer program is executed on a computer, a method according to the second aspect or one of the possible embodiments of the second aspect is performed.

[0040] According to the fifteenth aspect, one embodiment of the present application provides a wireless communication system. The wireless communication system includes a communication device configured to perform a method according to the first aspect or one of possible embodiments of the first aspect, and a communication device configured to perform a method according to the second aspect or one of possible embodiments of the second aspect.

[0041] The technical effects achieved in the aforementioned embodiments will be referenced to each other or to the beneficial effects in the method embodiments described below. Details will not be repeated herein. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0042] [Figure 1] This is a diagram showing the structure of a wireless communication system according to one embodiment of this application. [Figure 2] This is a diagram showing another structure of a wireless communication system according to one embodiment of this application. [Figure 3]This is a diagram of the frame structure of a PPDU according to one embodiment of this application. [Figure 4] This is a diagram showing the structure of an SHR according to one embodiment of this application. [Figure 5] This figure shows the results of an autocorrelation simulation of the Ipatov sequence according to one embodiment of this application. [Figure 6] This is a schematic flowchart of a UWB-based PPDU transmission method according to one embodiment of this application. [Figure 7] This is a diagram showing the structure of a communication device according to one embodiment of this application. [Figure 8] This is a diagram showing another structure of a communication device according to one embodiment of this application. [Figure 9] This is a diagram showing yet another structure of a communication device according to one embodiment of this application. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0043] The following describes the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0044] In this description, terms such as “first,” “second,” etc., are used merely to distinguish different subjects and do not limit the quantity or order of execution, nor do they indicate a clear distinction. In addition, “include,” “have,” and any other variations thereof are intended to include non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product, or device, etc., comprising a series of steps or units, is not limited to the listed steps or units, but may optionally further include other steps or units not listed, or other steps or units specific to that process, method, product, or device, etc.

[0045] In the description of this application, “at least one” means one or more, “multiple” means two or more, and “at least two” means two, three, or more. In addition, the terms “and / or” are used to describe the relationship between related subjects and indicate that three relationships may exist. For example, “A and / or B” can mean the following three cases: only A exists, only B exists, and both A and B exist, where A and B may be singular or plural. The symbol “ / ” usually indicates an “or” relationship between related subjects. “One or more of the following” or similar expressions mean any combination of these items. For example, one or more of a, b, or c can mean a, b, c, a and b, a and c, b and c, or a, b, and c.

[0046] In this application, terms such as “example” or “for example” are used to indicate that an example, illustration, or explanation is being given. Any embodiment or design scheme described in this application by “example,” “such as,” or “for example” should not be construed as having more advantages than another embodiment or design scheme. More precisely, the use of terms such as “example,” “such as,” or “for example” is intended to present the relevant concepts in a particular manner.

[0047] In this application, unless otherwise specified, elements indicated in the singular form are intended to indicate "one or more," but not "one."

[0048] The technical solutions provided in this application are applicable to UWB-based wireless personal area networks (WPANs). For example, the methods provided in this application are applicable to IEEE 802.15 series protocols, such as 802.15.4a, 802.15.4z, 802.15.4ab, or future generations of UWB WPAN standards. Examples are not listed herein. The methods provided in this application may be further applied to various communication systems such as Internet of Things (IoT) systems, Vehicle to Everything (V2X), and Narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT) systems, or to Vehicle to Everything devices, Internet of Things (IoT) nodes, sensors, smart cameras, smart remotes, and smart water or electricity meters for smart homes, sensors for smart cities, etc. The methods provided in this application are further applicable to long-term evolution (LTE) frequency division duplex (FDD) systems, LTE time division duplex (TDD), universal mobile telecommunications systems (UMTS), worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX) communication systems, LTE systems, 5th-generation (5G) communication systems, 6th-generation (6G) communication systems, and the like.

[0049] UWB technology is a new wireless communication technology. In UWB technology, nanosecond-level non-sinusoidal narrow pulses are used for data transmission, and modulation is performed on impulses with very steep rise and fall times. Therefore, UWB technology has a wide spectral range for transmission, and as a result, the signal has a bandwidth of gigahertz (GHz). The bandwidth used by UWB is typically greater than 1 GHz. UWB systems do not need to generate a sinusoidal carrier signal and can transmit pulse sequences directly. Therefore, UWB systems have a very wide spectrum and very low average power. UWB wireless communication systems have advantages such as strong multipath resolution capability, low power consumption, and high confidentiality. This facilitates coexistence with other systems, thereby improving spectral utilization and system capacity. In addition, for short-range communication applications, the transmission power of a UWB transmitter can generally be less than 1 mW (milliwatt). Theoretically, the interference generated by UWB signals is equivalent to only broadband white noise. This facilitates good coexistence between ultra-wideband communication and existing narrowband communication. Therefore, both UWB systems and narrowband (NB) communication systems can operate without interfering with each other. The method provided in this application can be implemented by a communication device in a wireless communication system. In the communication device, a device or chip for realizing the functionality of a UWB system may be referred to as a UWB module, and a device or chip for realizing the functionality of a narrowband communication system may be referred to as a narrowband communication module. The UWB module and the narrowband communication module may be different devices or chips. Naturally, the UWB module and the narrowband communication module may, alternatively, be integrated into a single device or chip. Embodiments of the UWB module and narrowband communication module in the communication device are not limited to the embodiments of this application. The communication device in this application includes a UWB module and optionally further includes a narrowband communication module.

[0050] Embodiments of this application are primarily described, by example, by using a network used in WPAN, for example, the IEEE 802.15 series standards. Those skilled in the art will readily understand that various embodiments of this application can be extended to other networks, such as wireless local area networks (WLANs), Bluetooth®, high-performance radio LANs (HIPERLANs) (a wireless standard similar to the IEEE 802.11 standard, primarily used in Europe), wide area networks (WANs), or other networks currently known or to be developed in the future, by using various standards or protocols. Therefore, regardless of the coverage used and the radio access protocol used, the various embodiments provided in this application are applicable to any suitable radio network.

[0051] Optionally, the communication device in the embodiments of this application may be a device that supports multiple WPAN standards, such as 802.15.4a, 802.15.4z, IEEE 802.15.4ab, or subsequent releases, which are currently under consideration.

[0052] For example, the method provided in this application may be implemented by a communication device within a wireless communication system, and the communication device may be a device within a UWB system. For example, the communication device may include, but is not limited to, a communication server, router, switch, bridge, computer, mobile phone, etc. that support UWB technology. Another example is that the communication device may include user equipment (UE). User equipment may include a variety of devices that support UWB technology, such as a handheld device, an in-vehicle device (e.g., a vehicle or a component mounted in a vehicle), a wearable device, an Internet of Things (IoT) device, a computing device, or another processing device connected to a wireless modem. Examples are not listed herein. Another example is that the communication device may include a central control point, such as a personal area network (PAN) or PAN coordinator. The PAN coordinator or PAN may be a mobile phone, an in-vehicle device, an anchor, a tag, a smart home, etc. Yet another example is that the communication device may include a chip, which may be located in a communication server, router, switch, terminal device, etc. Examples are not listed herein.

[0053] In embodiments of this application, the communication device may include a hardware layer, an operating system layer running on top of the hardware layer, and an application layer running on top of the operating system layer. The hardware layer includes hardware such as a central processing unit (CPU), a memory management unit (MMU), and memory (also called main memory). The operating system may be any one or more types of computer operating systems that perform service processing by processes, for example, a Linux® operating system, a Unix operating system, an Android operating system, an iOS operating system, or a Windows operating system. The application layer includes applications such as a browser, an address book, document processing software, and instant messaging software. Furthermore, the specific structure of the executable of the method provided in embodiments of this application is not specifically limited in embodiments of this application, insofar as a program that records the code of the method provided in embodiments of this application can be executed to perform communication according to the method provided in embodiments of this application.

[0054] It will be understood that the above description of the communication device is applicable to the first and second communication devices in the embodiments of this application.

[0055] For example, Figure 1 is a diagram of the structure of a wireless communication system according to one embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 1, the wireless communication system has a star topology. In this configuration, a central control node (e.g., the PAN coordinator in Figure 1) can perform data communication with one or more other devices. Figure 2 is a diagram of another structure of a wireless communication system according to one embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 2, the wireless communication system has a peer-to-peer topology. In this configuration, a central control node (e.g., the PAN coordinator in Figure 2) can perform data communication with one or more other devices, and other different devices can also perform data communication with each other. In Figures 1 and 2, both full-function devices and reduced-function devices can be understood as communication devices shown in the present application. Full-function devices are related to reduced-function devices. For example, a reduced-function device cannot be a PAN coordinator. As another example, compared to a full-function device, a reduced-function device may not have coordinating capabilities or may have a lower communication speed than a full-function device. The PAN coordinator shown in Figure 2 is merely an example, and it will be understood that each of the other three full-function devices shown in Figure 2 may alternatively function as a PAN coordinator. Examples are not enumerated herein. The full-function and reduced-function devices in this application are merely examples of communication devices, and it will be further understood that any device capable of implementing the UWB-based PPDU transmission method provided in this application is within the scope of protection of this application.

[0056] The following provides a brief explanation of some of the terms or nouns used in this application.

[0057] 1. Periodic autocorrelation function and periodic cross-correlation function A sequence a=[a0,a1,a2,…,a] of length N N-1 Regarding the periodic autocorrelation function R of the sequence, a(τ) is defined as follows:

number

[0058] Here, if τ∈[0,N-1] and n+τ≧N, then a n+τ =a n+τ-N That is the case.

number

[0059] The side lobe amplitude of the periodic autocorrelation function of sequence a is |R a (τ)| and τ≠0. |R a (τ)| is the periodic autocorrelation function R a It may be understood that this represents the absolute value of (τ), and the details will not be explained below. Generally, in sequence design, it is desirable for the side lobe amplitude of the periodic autocorrelation function to be small within a certain range, i.e., when |τ|≦Z and τ≠0, |R a It is desirable that (τ)|≦ε, where Z represents a predetermined range and |τ| represents the absolute value of τ.

[0060] For example, when ε = 0, sequence a is called a zero-correlation zone sequence, or when ε is much smaller than N, sequence a is called a low-correlation zone sequence.

[0061] b=[b0,b1,b2,…,b N-1 ] is another sequence of length N, and the periodic cross-correlation function R of sequence a and sequence b is a,b (τ) is defined as follows:

number

[0062] Here, if τ∈[0,N-1] and n+τ≧N, then bn+τ =b n+τ-N And,

number

[0063] R C max This is the amplitude |R| of the periodic cross-correlation function. a,b (τ)| represents the maximum value. |R a,b (τ)| is the periodic cross-correlation function R a,b It may be understood that this represents the absolute value of (τ), and the details will not be explained below. Typically, in sequence design, the intervals between sequences included in a sequence set are R C max A smaller value is better, or a smaller cross-correlation value between any two sequences in the sequence set is better.

[0064] 2. Structure of PPDU in UWB systems Figure 3 shows the basic structure of a PPDU as defined in the IEEE 802.15.4a and IEEE 802.15.4z standards. Figure 3 is a diagram of the frame structure of a PPDU according to one embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 3, a PPDU may include, but is not limited to, a synchronization header (SHR), a physical layer header (PHR), and a physical payload field (PHY payload field). The receiving end may perform PPDU detection and synchronization based on the SHR. The PHR carries modulation and coding information and physical layer indicator information such as the PPDU length, which can be used to assist the receiving end in correctly demodulating the data. The physical payload field is used to carry the data.

[0065] For example, as shown in Figure 4, the synchronization header (SHR) may include a synchronization (SYNC) field and a start-of-frame delimiter (SFD) field. In Figure 4, T preThis represents the duration of each SHR, and T SYNC This represents the time length of the SYNC field, and T SFD This represents the time length of the SFD field. The SYNC field can contain multiple symbols, which are generated using a preamble sequence. For specific generation methods, see existing standards, e.g., 802.15.4a or 802.15.4z. The preamble sequence may be an Ipatov sequence having a length of 31, 127, or 91. An Ipatov sequence is a trivalent sequence containing three elements {-1,0,1} and has the periodic correlation characteristics of a complete sequence. For specific details of Ipatov sequences of different lengths, see standards 802.15.4a and 802.15.4z. Further details are not provided herein.

[0066] For example, a 31-length Ipatov sequence from the 802.15.4a standard is used as an example. The simulation results of the periodic autocorrelation characteristics of the Ipatov sequence are shown in Figure 5. Figure 5 is a diagram of the autocorrelation simulation results of an Ipatov sequence according to one embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 5, the periodic autocorrelation function of a 31-length Ipatov sequence has a value at the origin (i.e., the vertical axis at the origin is not 0) and is 0 at all other points on the horizontal axis (i.e., the vertical axis at other non-origin points is 0). In Figure 5, the periodic autocorrelation main lobe amplitude of the 31-length Ipatov sequence is 16 (it can also be understood that the periodic autocorrelation peak value is 16), and the periodic autocorrelation side lobe amplitude is 0. It will be understood that the horizontal axis shown in Figure 5 represents time shift and the vertical axis represents periodic autocorrelation amplitude. The horizontal axis shown in Figure 5 may alternatively be understood as elements, positions, etc. The interpretation of the horizontal axis used in the simulation of the periodic autocorrelation function is not limited to the embodiments of this application. Since autocorrelation can be understood as the cross-correlation between a signal and itself at different points in time, the values ​​on the positive axis (0 to 15) and the negative axis (-15 to 0) on the horizontal axis may be determined by the length of the Ipatov sequence. Figure 5 is merely an example for illustrative purposes and is not limited thereto.

[0067] In this application, a sequence in which the amplitude of the periodic autocorrelation main lobe is not zero and the amplitude of the periodic autocorrelation side lobe is zero is called a Perfect Sequence. In this application, "Perfect periodic autocorrelation characteristics" should be understood to mean that the amplitude of the periodic autocorrelation main lobe is not zero and the amplitude of the periodic autocorrelation side lobe is zero.

[0068] The receiving end can perform correlation processing, such as correlation operations, on the received signal by using the periodic autocorrelation characteristics of the Ipatov sequence, and then use the results of the correlation processing (e.g., the position of the correlation peak) to perform operations such as synchronization, ranging, or sensing.

[0069] In the 802.15.4a and 802.15.4z standards, multiple Ipatov sequences are defined as preamble sequences, and the synchronization header (SHR) is generated by using the complete periodic autocorrelation characteristics of the Ipatov sequences (meaning the main lobe amplitude of the periodic autocorrelation is not zero, and the side lobe amplitudes of the periodic autocorrelation are zero), thereby improving the synchronization accuracy at the receiving end. However, conventional techniques do not consider the cross-correlation characteristics between Ipatov sequences, and instead use the maximum value (R) of the periodic cross-correlation function amplitude between different Ipatov sequences. C max The interference is relatively large. In this case, if multiple geographically adjacent devices attempt to transmit communications simultaneously using different Ipatov sequences on the same channel, strong interference can occur, potentially leading to transmission failures.

[0070] With this in mind, embodiments of this application provide a UWB-based PPDU transmission method and apparatus. Perfect sequence pairs with low cross-correlation characteristics are designed to reduce interference between sequences while ensuring the perfect periodic autocorrelation characteristics of the sequences and are used in PPDU. In this way, interference between geographically adjacent devices can be reduced as much as possible, thereby supporting multi-device simultaneous transmission and improving the overall system throughput rate.

[0071] The technical solutions provided in this application will be described in detail below with reference to further attached drawings.

[0072] In this application, unless otherwise specified, embodiments or the same or similar parts of embodiments are to be referenced to one another. The embodiments and embodiments / implementation methods within embodiments of this application are consistent in their terminology and / or descriptions, unless otherwise specified or unless a logical inconsistency arises, and may be referenced to one another among various embodiments and among embodiments / implementation methods within embodiments. Technical features in different embodiments and embodiments / implementation methods within embodiments may be combined based on their internal logical relationships to form new embodiments, implementations, or implementation methods. The following embodiments of this application are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application.

[0073] The communication device of this application not only supports 802.15 series protocols such as the 802.15.4ab standard or the next-generation standard of 802.15.4ab, but can also support other standard protocols (e.g., 802.11 series protocols) such as multiple wireless local area network (WLAN) standards of the 802.11 family, such as 802.11be, Wi-Fi 7, or EHT (extremely high throughput), and in another example, the next-generation 802.11be, Wi-Fi 8, UHR (ultra high throughput), or Wi-Fi AI (Wi-Fi artificial intelligence). Naturally, the communication device of this application can further support 802.11bf or the next-generation standard of 802.11bf in UWB-based sensing protocols.

[0074] Figure 6 is a schematic flowchart of a UWB-based PPDU transmission method according to one embodiment of the present application. The first and second communication devices in this method may be any two devices capable of performing the data transmission shown in Figure 1 or Figure 2. As shown in Figure 6, the UWB-based PPDU transmission method includes, but is not limited to, the following steps:

[0075] S101: The first communication device generates a PPDU, the PPDU contains a first sequence, the periodic autocorrelation main lobe amplitude of the first sequence is not 0, the periodic autocorrelation side lobe amplitude of the first sequence is 0, the periodic cross-correlation function of the first and second sequences has at most three different values, and the first and second sequences belong to the same sequence pair.

[0076] S102: The first communication device transmits the PPDU.

[0077] In response, the second communication device receives the PPDU.

[0078] S103: The second communication device processes the PPDU.

[0079] Optionally, the PPDU includes a first sequence, which may be used to perform one or more of the following functions: time synchronization, sensing measurement, ranging, or device wake-up. For example, the first sequence may be carried in one or more of the following fields of the PPDU: namely, the SYNC field, the wake-up field, the sensing field, or the ranging field. The specific functions of the first sequence are not limited to the embodiments of this application.

[0080] Optionally, the periodic autocorrelation main lobe amplitude of the first sequence is non-zero, and the periodic autocorrelation side lobe amplitude of the first sequence is zero. In other words, the first sequence is a perfect sequence. The first sequence may be any sequence in the sequence set, and the sequence set may further contain a second sequence. The periodic autocorrelation main lobe amplitude of the second sequence is non-zero, and the periodic autocorrelation side lobe amplitude of the second sequence is zero. In other words, the second sequence is also a perfect sequence. In addition, the periodic cross-correlation function of the second and first sequences may have up to three different values. The first and second sequences can form a sequence pair, which may be used when two geographically adjacent devices communicate and transmit simultaneously on the same channel. The first and second sequences may be ternary sequences containing three elements: {-1, 0, 1}. For example, the lengths of the first and second sequences may be the same. For example, the lengths of both the first and second sequences are 511 bits or 127 bits.

[0081] Since the sum of the amplitudes of the periodic cross-correlation function of the two sequences is a fixed value, the fewer the number of different values ​​in the periodic cross-correlation function, the greater the maximum amplitude (R) of the periodic cross-correlation function. C max This indicates that ) becomes smaller. The interference intensity between the two sequences is the maximum value R of the amplitude of the periodic cross-correlation function of the two sequences. C max It primarily depends on (i.e., the maximum value of the cross-correlation sidelobe amplitude). Therefore, in this embodiment of the present application, the periodic cross-correlation function of two complete sequences (e.g., a first sequence and a second sequence) in a sequence pair is constrained to have a maximum of three different values, and the maximum value of the cross-correlation sidelobe amplitude of the two sequences is small, thereby reducing interference between sequences while ensuring the periodic autocorrelation characteristics of the complete sequences, thereby supporting multi-device simultaneous transmission and improving the overall system throughput rate.

[0082] Optionally, the first sequence may be generated based on a sequence decimated by d1 times the m sequence, and the second sequence may be generated based on a sequence decimated by d2 times the m sequence. d1 and d2 are different, and d1 and d2 are such that d1=(2 k +1) -1 and d2=2 2k -2 k +1, or d1=(2 k +1) and d2=(2 2k -2 k +1) -1 This satisfies the condition. Here, (2 k +1) -1 The value is d1 × d1 -1 = 1 (mod N), that is, ((2 k +1) -1 × (2 k This can be solved by using (+1))mod N=1. Similarly, (2 2k -2 k +1) -1 The value of is d2 × d2 -1 = 1 (mod N), that is, ((2 2k -2 k +1) -1 × (2 2k -2 k This can be solved by using (+1))mod N=1, where k is a positive integer. N can represent the length of the m sequence. For example, the lengths of the first sequence, the second sequence, and the m sequence are all the same. Specifically, see the explanation below for how to generate the first and second sequences and their specific values ​​(i.e., sequence pairs).

[0083] The m-sequence, an abbreviation for maximum-length linear feedback shift register sequence, is understood to be the sequence with the longest period generated by a linear feedback shift register. In general, an n-stage linear feedback shift register is 2 nIt is possible to generate sequences with a maximum period of -1. m-sequences are common pseudorandom sequences and are widely used in the field of communications. Of all pseudorandom sequences, m-sequences are the most important and fundamental. m-sequences are easy to generate, possess strong regularity, and have good autocorrelation and cross-correlation properties.

[0084] Optionally, the first sequence may be pre-configured. For example, the third communication device may transmit sequence configuration information. The sequence configuration information includes sequence index information A from the first communication device. Sequence index information A may correspond to or be used to determine the first sequence. After receiving the sequence configuration information, the first communication device determines the first sequence based on the sequence index information A in the sequence configuration information. In some scenarios, for example, the third communication device is expected to schedule the first and fourth communication devices, which are geographically adjacent to each other, to transmit communications simultaneously on the same channel. In this case, the sequence configuration information may further include sequence index information B from the fourth communication device. Sequence index information B may correspond to or be used to determine the second sequence. The second and first sequences belong to the same sequence pair. Of course, the third communication device may, instead of transmitting sequence index information B together with sequence index information A, transmit sequence index information B separately to the fourth communication device. Sequence index information A may include a sequence index, or it may include a sequence index and an index of sequence pairs. Similarly, sequence index information B may include a sequence index, or it may include a sequence index and an index of sequence pairs. The third communication device and the second communication device may be the same device or different devices. If the third communication device is different from the second communication device, the second communication device also needs to know the sequence index information A of the first communication device in order to determine the first sequence used to perform processing (e.g., correlation operation) on the received PPDU.For example, a second communication device may also receive sequence configuration information, determine a first sequence based on sequence index information A within the sequence configuration information, and further process the received PPDU by using the determined first sequence to perform, for example, a correlation operation, and then, based on the results of the correlation operation, perform operations such as time synchronization, distance measurement, sensing measurement, or device wake-up.

[0085] In this embodiment of the present application, a ternary perfect sequence pair having low cross-correlation characteristics is designed for use in PPDU. Since the periodic cross-correlation function of the ternary perfect sequence pair has up to three different values, the maximum value R of the cross-correlation sidelobe amplitude of the ternary perfect sequence pair C max This small size ensures the periodic autocorrelation characteristics of the complete sequence (i.e., the periodic autocorrelation main lobe amplitude is not zero, and the periodic autocorrelation side lobe amplitude is zero), thereby reducing interference between complete sequences while minimizing interference between devices. This supports simultaneous multi-device transmission and improves the overall system throughput rate.

[0086] The following describes, by example, the first and second sequences (i.e., sequence pairs) provided in the embodiments of this application, as well as methods for generating the first and second sequences.

[0087] For example, possible methods for generating sequence pairs are as follows:

[0088]

number

number

number

number

number

[0089] Here, s d (i) is a sequence

number

[0090] d=2 k +1 or d=2 2k -2 k If +1, the sequence

number

number

number

number

[0091] Here, e = gcd(n,k), and n / e is an odd number. gcd(n,k) represents the greatest common divisor of n and k, and the details will not be explained below. n is a sequence

number

[0092] Next, the three-way complete sequence

number

number

[0093] Here, u d (t) is a sequence

number

[0094] For an integer d, another integer d -1 is equation d -1 Assume that ×d = 1 (mod N). That is, (d -1 ×d)mod N=1. The integer d -1 Double-decimated sequence

number

number

number

[0095] Here, (-d×t) N represents (-d×t) mod N. It should be understood that "mod" in this application represents the modulo operation. Details are not described elsewhere in this specification.

[0096] It will be understood that different ternary perfect sequences can be generated by the above method when d has different values. For example, when d is d1, the ternary perfect sequence [Number] may be generated by the above method, and when d is d2, the ternary perfect sequence [Number] may be generated by the above method. When d1 = (2 k +1) -1 and d2 = 2 2k -2 k +1, or d1 = 2 k +1 and d2 = (2 2k -2 k +1) -1 in the case of, as shown in the following formula (2-5), the sequences [[ID=6,6]] [Number] (for example, the first sequence and the second sequence) of the periodic cross-correlation function

Number

Number

[0097] Here, f = 2*e - gcd(n, 3k). gcd(n, 3k) represents the greatest common divisor of n and 3k, k is a positive integer, and n is the length of the sequence

Number

[0098] The following is, by theoretical inference, when d1=(2 k + 1) -1 and d2 = 2 2k - 2 k + 1, or d1 = 2 k + 1 and d2=(2 2k - 2 k + 1) -1 then the periodic cross - correlation functions of the sequences

Number

Number

Number

[0099] First,[[]]

Number

[0100] From equation (2-6), the sequence

number

number

number

number

number

number

number

number

number

[0101] Here, j = (d1 × i) mod N. From the above, d = 2 k +1 or d=2 2k -2 k If +1, the sequence

number

number

number

number

number

number

number

number

number

number

number

number

number

number

number

number

[0102] For example, if n is equal to 9, then the length N is 511 (i.e., 2 n The following original m-sequence, which is -1), is used as an example.

number

[0103] d1=2 k +1 and d2=(2 2k -2 k +1) -1 In this case, according to the aforementioned method of generating sequence pairs, for k=1,2,3,...,8, eight pairs of ternary exact sequences can be obtained. For example, when k is equal to 1,

number

number

number

number

number

number

number

number

[0104] d1=(2 k +1) -1 and d2=2 2k -2k In the case of +1, according to the above-described method for generating sequence pairs, when k = 2, 3, 4, …, 8, 7 pairs of ternary perfect sequences can be obtained. For example, when k is equal to 2,

Number

Number

Number

Number

Number

Number

Number

[0105] The following Table 1 shows the specific values of the aforementioned 15 pairs of ternary perfect sequences. For example, the first sequence may be any sequence in Table 1 below, and the second sequence is another sequence belonging to the same sequence pair as the first sequence. For example, if the first sequence is

Number

Number

Number

Number

Number

Number

Number

Number

Number

[0106] It can be understood that each sequence in Table 1 below can be replaced with an equivalently transformed sequence of the sequence. The equivalently transformed sequence can be obtained after performing a circular shift or sign inversion on any sequence in Table 1 (for example, reversing element 1 to -1, reversing element -1 to 1, and keeping element 0 unchanged). It can be further understood that the specific values of the sequence pairs shown in Table 1 are merely examples. When n is set to different values, the generated sequence pairs may be different. Any two ternary perfect sequences that satisfy the aforementioned formula (2-5) fall within the protection scope of the embodiments of this application.

[0107] [Table 1A] [Table 1B] [Table 1C] [Table 1D] [Table 1E] [Table 1F] [Table 1G] [Table 1H] [Table 1I] [Table 1J] [Table 1K] [Table 1L] [Table 1M] [Table 1N] [Table 1O]

[0108] As another example, if n is equal to 7, then the length N is 127 (i.e., 2 n The following original m-sequence, which is -1), is used as an example.

number

[0109] d1=2 k +1 and d2=(2 2k -2 k +1) -1In this case, according to the aforementioned method of generating sequence pairs, for k=1,2,3,...,6, six pairs of ternary exact sequences can be obtained. For example, when k is equal to 1,

number

number

number

number

number

number

[0110] d1=(2 k +1) -1 and d2=2 2k -2k In the case of +1, according to the aforementioned method of generating sequence pairs, five pairs of ternary exact sequences can be obtained for k=2,3,4,...,6. For example, when k is equal to 2,

number

number

number

number

number

[0111] Table 2 below shows the specific values ​​for the 11 pairs of ternary complete sequences mentioned above. For example, the first sequence may be any sequence in Table 2 below, and the second sequence may be another sequence belonging to the same sequence pair as the first sequence. For example, the first sequence may be

number

number

number

number

number

number

number

number

number

number

number

number

number

number

[0112] It should be understood that each sequence in Table 2 below can be replaced by an equivalent transformed sequence. An equivalent transformed sequence may be obtained after performing a cyclic shift or sign reversal (e.g., reversing element 1 to -1, reversing element -1 to 1, and keeping element 0 unchanged) on any sequence in Table 2. It should be further understood that the specific values ​​of the sequence pairs shown in Table 2 are merely examples. If n is set to a different value, the resulting sequence pairs may be different. Any two ternary complete sequences that satisfy equation (2-5) above fall within the scope of protection of the embodiments of this application.

[0113] [Table 2A] [Table 2B] [Table 2C] [Table 2D]

[0114] The foregoing describes in detail the method provided in this application. To facilitate the implementation of the aforementioned solution in the embodiments of this application, embodiments of this application further provide corresponding apparatus or devices.

[0115] In this application, the communication device is divided into functional modules based on embodiments of the method described above. For example, each functional module may be obtained by division based on corresponding functions, and two or more functions may be integrated into one processing module. The integrated module may be implemented in hardware form or in the form of a software functional module. Note that in this application, the division into modules is an example and is merely a logical functional division. In actual embodiments, other division methods may be used. Below, the communication device of the embodiment of this application will be described in detail with reference to Figures 7 to 9.

[0116] Figure 7 is a diagram showing the structure of a communication device according to one embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 7, the communication device includes a transceiver unit 10 and a processing unit 20.

[0117] In some embodiments of this application, the communication device may be the first communication device shown above, or a chip within the first communication device. Specifically, the communication device shown in Figure 7 may be configured to perform steps or functions, etc., performed by the first communication device in the method embodiments described above.

[0118] For example, processing unit 20 is configured to generate a PPDU. The PPDU contains a first sequence. The periodic autocorrelation main lobe amplitude of the first sequence is non-zero, and the periodic autocorrelation side lobe amplitude of the first sequence is zero. The periodic cross-correlation function between the first sequence and the second sequence has up to three different values, and the first and second sequences belong to the same sequence pair. Transceiver unit 10 is configured to transmit the PPDU.

[0119] In one possible embodiment, the transceiver unit 10 is further configured to receive sequence configuration information. The sequence configuration information includes sequence index information, which corresponds to or is used to determine a first sequence.

[0120] For specific details regarding PPDU, the first sequence, the second sequence, sequence configuration information, etc., please refer to the embodiments of the method described above. Further details will not be explained here.

[0121] It should be understood that the specific descriptions of the transceiver unit and processing unit described in this embodiment of the present application are for illustrative purposes only. For specific functions, steps, etc., of the transceiver unit and processing unit, please refer to the embodiments of the method described above. Details will not be described again here. For example, the transceiver unit 10 may be configured to perform step S102 shown in Figure 6, and the processing unit 20 may be configured to perform step S101 shown in Figure 6.

[0122] Refer to Figure 7. In some other embodiments of this application, the communication device may be the second communication device described above, or a chip within the second communication device. Specifically, the communication device shown in Figure 7 may be configured to perform steps or functions, etc., performed by the second communication device in the method embodiments described above.

[0123] For example, transceiver unit 10 is configured to receive a PPDU. The PPDU contains a first sequence. The periodic autocorrelation main lobe amplitude of the first sequence is non-zero, and the periodic autocorrelation side lobe amplitude of the first sequence is zero. The periodic cross-correlation function between the first sequence and the second sequence has up to three different values, and the first and second sequences belong to the same sequence pair. Processing unit 20 is configured to process the PPDU.

[0124] In one possible embodiment, the transceiver unit 10 is further configured to transmit or receive sequence configuration information. The sequence configuration information includes sequence index information, which corresponds to or is used to determine a first sequence.

[0125] For specific details regarding PPDU, the first sequence, the second sequence, sequence configuration information, etc., please refer to the embodiments of the method described above. Further details will not be explained here.

[0126] It should be understood that the specific descriptions of the transceiver unit and processing unit described in this embodiment of the present application are for illustrative purposes only. For specific functions, steps, etc., of the transceiver unit and processing unit, please refer to the embodiments of the method described above. Details will not be described again here. For example, the transceiver unit 10 may be configured to receive PPDU, and the processing unit 20 may be configured to perform step S103 shown in Figure 6.

[0127] The communication device according to the embodiments of this application has been described above. The following describes possible product forms of the communication device. Please understand that any form of product having the functions of the communication device shown in Figure 7 falls within the scope of protection of the embodiments of this application. The following description is merely an example, and please further understand that the product form of the communication device in the embodiments of this application is not limited thereto.

[0128] In one possible embodiment, in the communication device shown in Figure 7, the processing unit 20 may be one or more processors. The transceiver unit 10 may be a transceiver, or the transceiver unit 10 may be a transmitting unit and a receiving unit. The transmitting unit may be a transmitter, and the receiving unit may be a receiver. The transmitting unit and the receiving unit are integrated into a single component, for example, a transceiver. In the embodiments of this application, the processor and the transceiver may be coupled, or similar. The method of connection between the processor and the transceiver is not limited in the embodiments of this application. In a process performing the aforementioned method, the process of transmitting information in the aforementioned method (e.g., the step of transmitting a PPDU) may be understood as a process in which the processor outputs information. When outputting information, the processor outputs the information to the transceiver, which then transmits the information. After the information has been output by the processor, further processing of the information may need to be performed on the information before it arrives at the transceiver. Similarly, the process of receiving information in the aforementioned method (e.g., the step of receiving a PPDU) may be understood as a process in which the processor receives input information. When the processor receives input information, the transceiver receives the information and inputs it to the processor. Furthermore, after the transceiver receives the aforementioned information, other processing may need to be performed on the information before it is input to the processor.

[0129] Figure 8 shows another structure of a communication device according to one embodiment of the present application. The communication device may be a first communication device, a second communication device, or a chip within the first or second communication device. Figure 8 shows only the main components of the communication device. In addition to the processor 1001 and transceiver 1002, the communication device may further include a memory 1003 and an input / output device (not shown).

[0130] The processor 1001 is primarily configured to process communication protocols and communication data, control the entire communication device, execute software programs, and process data for the software programs. The memory 1003 is primarily configured to store software programs and data. The transceiver 1002 may include a control circuit and an antenna. The control circuit is primarily configured to perform conversions between baseband signals and radio frequency signals and to process radio frequency signals. The antenna is primarily configured to transmit and receive radio frequency signals in the form of electromagnetic waves. An input / output device such as a touchscreen, display, or keyboard is primarily configured to receive data entered by the user and output data to the user.

[0131] After the communication device is powered on, the processor 1001 can read the software program in the memory 1003, interpret and execute the instructions of the software program, and process the data of the software program. When data needs to be transmitted wirelessly, the processor 1001 performs baseband processing on the data to be transmitted and outputs the baseband signal to the radio frequency circuit. The radio frequency circuit performs radio frequency processing on the baseband signal and then transmits the radio frequency signal to the outside in the form of electromagnetic waves via the antenna. When data is transmitted to the communication device, the radio frequency circuit receives the radio frequency signal through the antenna, converts the radio frequency signal into a baseband signal, and outputs the baseband signal to the processor 1001. The processor 1001 converts the baseband signal into data and processes the data.

[0132] In another embodiment, the radio frequency circuit and antenna may be located independently of the processor for baseband processing. For example, in a distributed scenario, the radio frequency circuit and antenna may be located independently of the communication equipment.

[0133] The processor 1001, transceiver 1002, and memory 1003 may be connected via a communication bus.

[0134] For example, if the communication device is configured to perform a step, method, or function performed by the first communication device in an embodiment of the method described above, the processor 1001 may be configured to perform step S101 in Figure 6 and / or to perform another process of the technology described herein, and the transceiver 1002 may be configured to perform step S102 in Figure 6 and / or to perform another process of the technology described herein.

[0135] For example, if the communication device is configured to perform a step, method, or function performed by the second communication device in an embodiment of the method described above, the processor 1001 may be configured to perform step S103 in Figure 6 and / or to perform another process of the technology described herein, and the transceiver 1002 may be configured to receive the PPDU processed in step S103 in Figure 6 and / or to perform another process of the technology described herein.

[0136] In one embodiment, the processor 1001 may store instructions. The instructions may be a computer program. The computer program is executed on the processor 1001, and as a result, the communication device performs the method described in the embodiment of the method. The computer program may be fixed to the processor 1001. In this case, the processor 1001 may be implemented by hardware.

[0137] In one embodiment, the communication device may include a circuit. The circuit may implement the transmit, receive, or communicate functions in the embodiments of the method described above. The processors and transceivers described in this application may be mounted on integrated circuits (ICs), analog ICs, radio frequency integrated circuits (RFICs), mixed-signal ICs, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), printed circuit boards (PCBs), electronic devices, etc. The processors and transceivers may be manufactured by using various IC technologies, such as complementary metal oxide semiconductors (CMOS), N-type metal-oxide-semiconductors (NMOS), positive channel metal oxide semiconductors (PMOS), bipolar junction transistors (BJTs), bipolar CMOS (BiCMOS), silicon germanium (SiGe), and gallium arsenide (GaAs).

[0138] It will be understood that the communication device shown in this embodiment of the present application may further include more components than those shown in Figure 8. This is not limited to this embodiment of the present application. The aforementioned method performed by the processor and transceiver is merely an example. For specific steps performed by the processor and transceiver, please refer to the description of the embodiments of the method described above.

[0139] In another possible embodiment, in the communication device shown in Figure 7, the processing unit 20 may be one or more logic circuits, and the transceiver unit 10 may be an input / output interface, also called a communication interface, interface circuit, interface, etc. Alternatively, the transceiver unit 10 may be a transmit unit and a receive unit. The transmit unit may be an output interface, and the receive unit may be an input interface. The transmit unit and the receive unit are integrated into a single unit, for example, an input / output interface. Figure 9 is a diagram of another structure of a communication device according to one embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 9, the communication device shown in Figure 9 includes a logic circuit 901 and an interface 902. That is, the processing unit 20 may be implemented using the logic circuit 901, and the transceiver unit 10 may be implemented using the interface 902. The logic circuit 901 may be a chip, a processing circuit, an integrated circuit, a system on a chip (SoC), etc. The interface 902 may be a communication interface, an input / output interface, a pin, etc. For example, Figure 9 shows an example where the communication device is a chip, and the chip includes a logic circuit 901 and an interface 902.

[0140] In this embodiment of the present application, the logic circuit and the interface may be further coupled to one another. The specific connection method between the logic circuit and the interface is not limited to the embodiment of the present application.

[0141] For example, if the communication device is configured to perform a step, method, or function performed by the first communication device in an embodiment of the method described above, the logic circuit 901 is configured to generate a PPDU. The PPDU includes a first sequence. The periodic autocorrelation main lobe amplitude of the first sequence is non-zero, and the periodic autocorrelation side lobe amplitude of the first sequence is zero. The periodic cross-correlation function between the first sequence and the second sequence has at most three different values, and the first sequence and the second sequence belong to the same sequence pair. Interface 902 is configured to output the PPDU.

[0142] For example, if a communication device is configured to perform a step, method, or function performed by a second communication device in an embodiment of the method described above, interface 902 is configured to accept a PPDU. The PPDU includes a first sequence. The periodic autocorrelation main lobe amplitude of the first sequence is non-zero, and the periodic autocorrelation side lobe amplitude of the first sequence is zero. The periodic cross-correlation function between the first sequence and the second sequence has at most three different values, and the first and second sequences belong to the same sequence pair. Logic circuit 901 is configured to process the PPDU.

[0143] For specific explanations of PPDU, the first sequence, the second sequence, etc., please refer to the embodiments of the method described above. Further details will not be explained here.

[0144] It will be understood that the communication device described in the embodiments of this application may implement the method provided in the embodiments of this application in hardware form or in software form. This is not limited to the embodiments of this application.

[0145] For specific embodiments of the embodiment shown in Figure 9, please refer to the previously described embodiments. Details will not be explained again here.

[0146] One embodiment of this application further provides a wireless communication system. The wireless communication system includes a first communication device and a second communication device. The first and second communication devices may be configured to perform the method in any one of the embodiments described above.

[0147] In addition, this application further provides a computer program used to implement the operations and / or processes performed by the first communication device in the manner provided in this application.

[0148] This application further provides a computer program used to implement operations and / or processes performed by a second communication device in the manner provided in this application.

[0149] This application further provides a computer-readable storage medium for storing computer code. When the computer code is executed on a computer, the computer is enabled to perform operations and / or processes performed by the first communication device in the manner provided in this application.

[0150] This application further provides a computer-readable storage medium for storing computer code. When the computer code is executed on a computer, the computer is enabled to perform operations and / or processes performed by a second communication device in the manner provided in this application.

[0151] This application further provides a computer program product, which includes computer code or a computer program. When the computer code or computer program is executed on a computer, the operations and / or processes performed by the first communication device in the manner provided in this application are performed.

[0152] This application further provides a computer program product, which includes computer code or a computer program. When the computer code or computer program is executed on a computer, operations and / or processes performed by a second communication device in the manner provided in this application are performed.

[0153] It should be understood that in some embodiments provided in this application, the disclosed systems, apparatus, and methods may be implemented in other ways. For example, the embodiments of the described apparatus are merely examples. For example, the division into units is merely a logical functional division, and other divisions may be used in actual implementations. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not performed. Furthermore, the mutual coupling, direct coupling, or communication connection shown or described may be an indirect coupling or communication connection using some interface, apparatus, or unit, and may be an electrical, mechanical, or other form of connection.

[0154] Units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts shown as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected based on the actual requirements for realizing the technical effects of the solutions provided in embodiments of this application.

[0155] In addition, the functional units in the embodiments of this application may be integrated into a single processing unit, each unit may exist physically independently, or two or more units may be integrated into a single unit. The integrated unit may be implemented in hardware form or in the form of a software functional unit.

[0156] If the integrated unit is implemented in the form of a software function unit and sold or used as an independent product, the integrated unit may be stored on a computer-readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solutions of this application, or the portion that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solutions, may be implemented in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored on a computer-readable storage medium and includes a number of instructions for instructing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to perform all or part of the steps of the method described in embodiments of this application. The computer-readable storage medium includes any medium capable of storing program code, such as a USB flash drive, a removable hard disk, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

[0157] The foregoing description is merely a specific embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application. Any modifications or substitutions that are readily conceivable by a person skilled in the art within the scope of the art disclosed herein shall be within the scope of protection of the present application. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present application shall be subject to the scope of protection of the claims. [Explanation of symbols]

[0158] 10 transceiver units 20 processing units 901 Logic Circuits 902 Interface 1001 Processor 1002 Transceiver 1003 memory

Claims

1. A method for transmitting physical layer protocol data units (PPDUs) based on ultra-wideband, A communication device generates a physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU), wherein the PPDU includes a first sequence, the periodic autocorrelation main lobe amplitude of the first sequence is not zero, the periodic autocorrelation side lobe amplitude of the first sequence is zero, the periodic cross-correlation function of the first sequence and the second sequence has at most three different values, and the first sequence and the second sequence belong to the same sequence pair. The communication device transmits the PPDU and A method that includes this.

2. A method for transmitting physical layer protocol data units (PPDUs) based on ultra-wideband, A communication device receives a physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU), wherein the PPDU includes a first sequence, the periodic autocorrelation main lobe amplitude of the first sequence is not zero, the periodic autocorrelation side lobe amplitude of the first sequence is zero, the periodic cross-correlation function of the first sequence and the second sequence has at most three different values, and the first sequence and the second sequence belong to the same sequence pair. The communication device performs the steps of processing the PPDU and A method that includes this.

3. The lengths of both the first sequence and the second sequence are N, and the periodic cross-correlation function of the first sequence and the second sequence is, 0, 2 （n－f）／2 , and -2 （n－f）／2 Includes one or more of the following values, f = 2 × e - gcd(n, 3k), where e = gcd(n, k), the quotient when n is divided by e is odd, gcd(n, k) represents the greatest common divisor of n and k, gcd(n, 3k) represents the greatest common divisor of n and 3k, k is a positive integer, and n is 2 n = satisfying N+1, The method according to claim 1 or 2.

4. The length of the first sequence is 511 bits, and the first sequence is any sequence in Table 1, or The length of the first sequence is 127 bits, and the first sequence is any sequence from Table 2. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

5. The first sequence is the d of the m sequence. 1 The second sequence is generated based on a doubled decimated sequence, and the second sequence is the d of the m sequence. 2 Generated based on a doubled decimated sequence, d 1 = (2 k + 1) －1 and d 2 = 2 2k - 2 k + 1, and d 1 is d 1 × d 1 －1 = d 1 × (2 k + 1) = 1 (mod N) is satisfied, or d 1 = (2 k + 1) and d 2 = (2 2k - 2 k + 1) －1 and d 2 is 2 × d 2 －1 = d 2 × (2 2k - 2 k + 1) = 1 (mod N) is satisfied, The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein k is a positive integer and N is the length of the m sequence.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the first sequence is carried by one or more of the following fields of the PPDU: a synchronization field, a wake-up field, a sensing field, or a ranging field.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the periodic autocorrelation main lobe amplitude of the second sequence is not 0, and the periodic autocorrelation side lobe amplitude of the second sequence is 0.

8. The step of receiving sequence configuration information by the communication device, wherein the sequence configuration information includes sequence index information, and the sequence index information corresponds to the first sequence. The method according to claim 1, further comprising:

9. The communication device transmits or receives sequence configuration information, wherein the sequence configuration information includes sequence index information, and the sequence index information corresponds to the first sequence. The method according to claim 2, further comprising:

10. A communication device, A processing unit configured to generate a Physical Layer Protocol Data Unit (PPDU), wherein the PPDU includes a first sequence, the periodic autocorrelation main lobe amplitude of the first sequence is non-zero, the periodic autocorrelation side lobe amplitude of the first sequence is zero, the periodic cross-correlation function of the first sequence and the second sequence has at most three different values, and the first sequence and the second sequence belong to the same sequence pair. A transceiver unit configured to transmit the PPDU and A device equipped with the following features.

11. The aforementioned transceiver unit is The sequence configuration information is received, the sequence configuration information includes sequence index information, and the sequence index information corresponds to the first sequence, The apparatus according to claim 10, further configured as follows.

12. A communication device, A transceiver unit configured to receive a Physical Layer Protocol Data Unit (PPDU), wherein the PPDU includes a first sequence, the periodic autocorrelation main lobe amplitude of the first sequence is non-zero, the periodic autocorrelation side lobe amplitude of the first sequence is zero, the periodic cross-correlation function of the first sequence and the second sequence has at most three different values, and the first sequence and the second sequence belong to the same sequence pair. A processing unit configured to process the PPDU and A device equipped with the following features.

13. The aforementioned transceiver unit is Transmit or receive sequence configuration information, the sequence configuration information includes sequence index information, and the sequence index information corresponds to the first sequence. The apparatus according to claim 12, further configured as follows.

14. The lengths of both the first sequence and the second sequence are N, and the periodic cross-correlation function of the first sequence and the second sequence is, 0, 2 （n－f）／2 , and -2 （n－f）／2 Includes one or more of the following values, f = 2 × e - gcd(n, 3k), where e = gcd(n, k), the quotient when n is divided by e is odd, gcd(n, k) represents the greatest common divisor of n and k, gcd(n, 3k) represents the greatest common divisor of n and 3k, k is a positive integer, and n is 2 n = satisfying N+1, The apparatus according to any one of claims 10 to 13.

15. The length of the first sequence is 511 bits, and the first sequence is any sequence in Table 1, or The length of the first sequence is 127 bits, and the first sequence is any sequence from Table 2. The apparatus according to any one of claims 10 to 14.

16. The first sequence is the d of the m sequence. 1 The second sequence is generated based on a doubled decimated sequence, and the second sequence is the d of the m sequence. 2 Generated based on a doubled decimated sequence, d 1 = (2 k +1) －1 and d 2 = 2 2k -2 k +1, and d 1 is d 1 ×d 1 －1 = d 1 × (2 k Satisfying the condition + 1) = 1 (mod N), or d 1 = (2 k +1) and d 2 = (2 2k -2 k +1) －1 and d 2 is, d 2 ×d 2 －1 = d 2 × (2 2k -2 k Satisfying the condition +1) = 1 (mod N), The apparatus according to any one of claims 10 to 15, wherein k is a positive integer and N is the length of the m sequence.

17. The apparatus according to any one of claims 10 to 16, wherein the first sequence is conveyed in one or more of the following fields of the PPDU: a synchronization field, a wake-up field, a sensing field, or a ranging field.

18. The apparatus according to any one of claims 10 to 17, wherein the periodic autocorrelation main lobe amplitude of the second sequence is not 0, and the periodic autocorrelation side lobe amplitude of the second sequence is 0.

19. A communication device comprising a processor and memory, The memory is configured to store instructions, The processor is configured to execute the instructions and carry out the method described in any one of claims 1 to 9. Communication device.

20. A communication device comprising a logic circuit and an interface, wherein the logic circuit is coupled to the interface. The interface is configured to take code instructions as input and / or output, The logic circuit is configured to execute the code instruction, and as a result, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 9 is carried out. Communication device.

21. The apparatus according to claim 10 or 11, Apparatus according to claim 12 or 13 A wireless communication system equipped with the following features.

22. A computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium is configured to store a computer program, and when the computer program is executed, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 9 is performed.

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