Veterinary mask device

Abstract

A mask device for veterinary use; a mask device comprising: a housing having three walls forming the side walls of an enclosure; a first closed end and a second end forming an opening for receiving the animal's nose into the enclosure; an outlet protruding from the outside of the housing at the closed end; and an inlet protruding from the inside of the enclosure at the closed end; wherein the three walls include at least one vent having a concave shape extending toward the opening, the at least one vent including a cavity, and the opening including a diaphragm.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] (Related Application) This application claims the priority and benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 63 / 455,954, filed Mar. 30, 2023, entitled “Veterinary Oxygen Mask”.

[0002] This disclosure relates to mask devices for veterinary use, and more particularly, but not limited to, masks for supplying oxygen and other gases used in the treatment of animals.

Background Art

[0003] In veterinary care, masks configured to supply fluids such as oxygen and other gases can be positioned to be worn over an animal's breathing aperture. Conventional veterinary masks are generally adaptations of human anesthesia masks and are inadequately configured for veterinary use. For example, conventional veterinary masks tend to be very uncomfortable for animals to wear, may not fit properly, and can cause stress and discomfort. In cases of drug administration and oxygen therapy where the mask needs to be worn for an extended period of time, it is necessary to sedate the animal so that the mask does not come off or become damaged. This can have an adverse effect on the treatment of the animal. Conventional veterinary masks can cause animals to re-breathe carbon dioxide exhaled by the animal due to a large dead space within the mask, inadequate expulsion of exhaled carbon dioxide from the mask, and / or the use of diaphragms around the mask aperture. For example, if the mask is too tight and gas cannot escape, there is a risk of carbon dioxide re-breathing, and if the mask is too loose and not firmly worn over the animal's nose, oxygen can be diluted with room air within the mask and air entrainment can occur. Accordingly, there may be a desire for a veterinary oxygen mask that enables more efficient oxygen administration and / or carbon dioxide reduction.

Summary of the Invention

Means for Solving the Problems

[0004] This disclosure describes a veterinary oxygen mask that enables more efficient oxygen delivery and / or carbon dioxide reduction.

[0005] The mask device of the present disclosure may substantially comprise: a housing having three walls forming the side wall of an enclosure having an opening therein for receiving the nose of an animal; an outlet protruding from the outside of the housing at a closed end opposite the opening; and an inlet protruding from the inside of the enclosure, wherein the housing includes at least one vent having a concave shape that includes a cavity and extends toward the opening, and the opening includes a diaphragm.

[0006] The mask device of this disclosure may be characterized by reducing carbon dioxide entrainment and / or carbon dioxide rebreathing compared to conventional veterinary masks that do not have the housing described herein.

[0007] It should be understood that both the above summary and the following drawings and detailed description are illustrative and do not limit the embodiments of this disclosure as described in the claims. Certain details may be described to enable a better understanding of the various features, embodiments, and advantages of the invention. However, those skilled in the art will understand that these features, embodiments, and advantages can be implemented without these details. In some cases, well-known structures, methods, and / or processes relating to methods of implementing the various features, embodiments, and advantages may not be shown or described in detail, in order to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the description of other details of the invention. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0008] [Figure 1] A front perspective view of the mask device of this disclosure is shown. [Figure 2] The image shows a front view of the mask device of this disclosure. [Figure 3] The rear view of the mask device of this disclosure is shown. [Figure 4] A top view of the mask device of this disclosure is shown. [Figure 5]The bottom view of the mask device of this disclosure is shown. [Figure 6] The right side view of the mask device of this disclosure is shown. [Figure 7] The left side view of the mask device of this disclosure is shown. [Figure 8] A rear perspective view of the mask device of this disclosure is shown. [Figure 9] The distance (rl) from the inlet and vent of the mask device of this disclosure, and the distance (r2) from the distal end of the closed end of the housing that connects to the inlet and each of the three walls of the mask device of this disclosure. [Figure 10] The distance from the bottom of the inlet and the bottom of the vent shown in the side view (r3); the length of the inlet (r4); the distance from the top and bottom of the vent (r5); and the distance from the top of the mask device (excluding the outlet) and the bottom of the vent (r6) are shown. [Figure 11] The distances (r5) from the top and bottom of the vents of the mask device of this disclosure, and the vertical length of the mask device (r7; excluding the outlet) are shown. [Figure 12A] The graphs show the CO2 delta of a conventional mask having a diaphragm and the mask device of the present disclosure. [Figure 12B] The graphs show the O2 delta of a conventional mask having a diaphragm and the mask apparatus of the present disclosure. [Figure 13A] The graphs show the CO2 delta for the mask at a conventional inlet position and the same mask at the forward inlet position of this disclosure. [Figure 13B] The graphs show the O2 delta for the mask at a conventional entrance position and the same mask at the forward entrance of this disclosure. [Figure 14A] The graph shows the CO2 delta of a mask having a front inlet as described herein and having any of the following: no vents, conventional vents, semi-taped vents, three small V-cut vents arranged in a triangular pattern as described herein, and three large V-cut vents arranged in a triangular pattern with cavities as described herein. [Figure 14B]The graph shows the O2 delta of a mask having a front inlet as described herein and having any of the following: no vents, conventional vents, semi-taped vents, three small V-cut vents arranged in a triangular pattern as described herein, and three large V-cut vents arranged in a triangular pattern with cavities as described herein. [Figure 14C] The graphs show the CO2 delta for masks having one conventional vent, no vent, multiple conventional vents, semi-taped vents, three small V-cut vents arranged in a triangular pattern as described herein, and three large V-cut vents arranged in a triangular pattern with cavities as described herein. [Figure 14D] The graphs show the O2 delta for masks having one conventional vent, no vent, multiple conventional vents, semi-taped vents, three small V-cut vents arranged in the triangular pattern described herein, and three large V-cut vents arranged in the cavities of the triangular pattern described herein. [Figure 15] A diagram of a dog's lung model is shown. [Figure 16] A diagram of a conventional mask device equipped with ventilation holes is shown. [Figure 17] Figure 16 shows the mask device with the ventilation holes partially secured with tape. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0009] The following details are provided to better understand the various embodiments of the methods disclosed herein. However, those skilled in the art will understand that these embodiments can be carried out without these details and / or without details not provided herein. In some cases, well-known structures, methods, and / or techniques relating to methods for carrying out the various embodiments may not be shown or described in detail so as not to unnecessarily obscure the description of other details of the various embodiments.

[0010] While specific embodiments have been illustrated and described, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various other changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Those skilled in the art will be able to recognize or confirm many equivalents (including substitutions, variations, additions, deletions, changes, and replacements) of the specific apparatus and methods described herein using only ordinary experimentation. Accordingly, this application, including the appended aspects, is intended to cover all such changes and modifications that are within the scope of this application.

[0011] This disclosure describes a mask device 100 for veterinary use.

[0012] The mask device 100 generally includes a housing 110 having at least three walls 120 that form the sides of an enclosure. The walls 120 also define a closed end 125 and a second end that forms an opening 130 for receiving an animal's nose portion into the enclosure. The nose portion is the part that protrudes from the animal's face and includes the nose, mouth, and jaw. In many animals, this structure is referred to as a muzzle, rostrum, or proboscis.

[0013] The upper portion of the mask (see FIG. 4) includes an outlet 140 that protrudes from the housing. The outlet 140 can protrude from the outside of the housing above the closed end 125. The outlet 140 can be configured to receive oxygen or other gaseous substances and transfer the oxygen or other gaseous substances through the outlet to an inlet 150. The inlet 150 can be configured to receive oxygen or other gaseous substances from the outlet 140 and disperse the oxygen or other gaseous substances throughout an internal storage chamber of the mask device 100. The inlet 150 can protrude from the inside of the enclosure above the closed end 125.

[0014] Each wall 120 of the housing may have at least one vent 160 located near the closed end 125 of the housing (see Figures 1 and 7). Each vent 160 may be positioned so that carbon dioxide inside the mask device 100 is expelled from the animal's nose and escapes through each vent 160, thereby reducing carbon dioxide entrainment. The vents 160 may include a concave shape extending toward a second end forming the opening 130 of the mask device 100.

[0015] The vent 160 may have a surface area of ​​at least 0.7 square inches, for example, but not limited to, 0.8, 0.9, 1.0, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 1.7, 1.8, 1.9, and 2.0 square inches. The vent 160 may have a surface area not exceeding 2.0 square inches, for example, not greater than 1.9, 1.8, 1.7, 1.6, 1.5, 1.4, 1.3, 1.2, 1.1, 1.0, 0.9, 0.8, and 0.7 square inches. The surface area of ​​the vent 160 can be defined by any combination of lower and upper limits, for example, in the range of 0.7 square inches to 2.0 square inches, which includes, but is not limited to, 0.7 square inches to 1.0 square inch, 1.0 square inch to 1.5 square inches, and 1.5 square inches to 2.0 square inches.

[0016] The distance (indicated as r5 in Figures 10 and 11) from the top (Figure 4) and bottom (Figure 5) of the vent 160 can be at least 0.30 inches, and is not limited to, for example, 0.35, 0.40, 0.45, 0.50, and 0.55 inches. The distance (r5) may not exceed 0.55 inches, and is not limited to, for example, 0.50, 0.45, 0.40, 0.35, and 0.30 inches. The distance (r5) can be defined by any combination of lower and upper limits, for example, in the range of 0.30 to 0.55 inches, which includes, but is not limited to, 0.30 to 0.35 inches, 0.35 to 0.40 inches, 0.40 to 0.45 inches, 0.45 to 0.50 inches, and 0.50 to 0.55 inches. The size of the vent can be changed to alter the carbon dioxide rebreathing rate and oxygen consumption.

[0017] The distance from the top of the mask device 100 (excluding the outlet 140) and the bottom of the vent 160 (indicated as r6 in Figure 10) can be at least 0.50 inches, and is not limited to, for example, 0.50, 0.55, 0.60, 0.65, 0.70, 0.75, and 0.80 inches. The distance (r6) may not exceed 0.80 inches, and is not limited to, for example, 0.75, 0.70, 0.65, 0.60, 0.55, and 0.50. The distance (r6) can be defined by any combination of a lower and upper limit, and can be in the range of, for example, 0.50 inches to 0.80 inches, which includes, but is not limited to, 0.50 inches to 0.60 inches, 0.60 inches to 0.70 inches, and 0.70 inches to 0.80 inches.

[0018] The vent 160 may include a cavity 170 having a parabolic appearance that extends toward a second end forming the opening 130 of the mask device 100. The cavity 170 is shaped and positioned so that carbon dioxide expelled from the animal's nasal passages can escape through each vent 160 and cavity 170, thereby reducing carbon dioxide entrainment. The cavity 170 has sloping sides that provide a smooth transition, and the cavity 170 does not contain any sharp angles.

[0019] Although the cavity 170 is shown as having a parabolic shape, other shapes are possible and are included within the scope of this disclosure. Other shapes include, but are not limited to, a semicircular cavity 170 or a cavity 170 having any polygonal shape.

[0020] The mask device may include at least one vent 160, including but not limited to at least 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10 vents. According to a particular embodiment, the mask device may include at least three vents 160, including a cavity 170. The three vents 160 may be arranged in a triangular pattern, with one vent 160 located on each wall 120 of the mask device 100 to reduce carbon dioxide entrainment.

[0021] The inlet 150 can be shaped to provide a more direct path for the inlet oxygen flow by shortening the distance between the end of the inlet and the animal's nose. Thus, the inlet 150 can be shaped and positioned to prevent a pressure drop in the oxygen flow as oxygen enters the mask device 100.

[0022] The length of the inlet 150 (shown as r4 in Figure 10) can be at least 0.21 inches, and is, for example, but not limited to, 0.21, 0.23, 0.25, 0.27, 0.29, 0.31, 0.33, 0.35, 0.37, 0.39, and 0.41 inches. The length of the inlet 150 may not exceed 0.41 inches, and is, for example, but not limited to, 0.39, 0.37, 0.35, 0.33, 0.31, 0.29, 0.27, 0.25, 0.23, and 0.21 inches. The length of the inlet 150 can be defined by any combination of lower and upper limits, for example, in the range of 0.21 inches to 0.41 inches, which includes, but is not limited to, 0.21 inches to 0.26 inches, 0.26 inches to 0.31 inches, 0.31 inches to 0.36 inches, and 0.36 inches to 0.41 inches.

[0023] The length of the inlet 150 can be sufficient to allow air or oxygen to flow through the inlet 150 into the mask device 100 without being partially or completely obstructed by the animal's nose.

[0024] In certain embodiments, the distance from the inlet 150 and vent 160 (indicated as rl in Figure 9) can be at least 0.5 inches, and is, for example, but not limited to, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1.0, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, and 1.4 inches. The distance from the inlet 150 and vent 160 may not exceed 1.4 inches, and is, for example, but not limited to, 1.3, 1.2, 1.1, 1.0, 0.9, 0.8, 0.7, 0.6, and 0.5 inches. The distance from the inlet 150 and vent 160 can be defined by any combination of lower and upper limits, for example, in the range of 0.5 inches to 1.4 inches, which includes, but not limited to, 0.5 inches to 0.8 inches, 0.8 inches to 1.1 inches, and 1.1 inches to 1.4 inches.

[0025] The spatial arrangement of the entrance 150 can be defined so that it is centered near the closed end of the mask, and the distance (shown as r2 in Figure 9) from the distal edge of the closed end of the housing connecting to the entrance 150 and each of the three walls 120 can be at least 0.5 inches, for example, but are not limited to, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1.0, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, and 1.4 inches. The distance (r2) may not exceed 1.4 inches, for example, but are not limited to, 1.3, 1.2, 1.1, 1.0, 0.9, 0.8, 0.7, 0.6, and 0.5 inches. The distance can be defined by any combination of a lower and upper limit, for example, in the range of 0.5 inches to 1.4 inches, which includes, but are not limited to, 0.5 inches to 0.8 inches, 0.8 inches to 1.1 inches, and 1.1 inches to 1.4 inches.

[0026] The distance (indicated as r3 in Figure 10) from the distal end of the inlet 150 shown in the side view and from the distal end of the vent 160 opposite the distal end of the inlet 150 can be at least 0.17 inches, and is, for example, but not limited to, 0.17, 0.18, 0.19, 0.20, and 0.21 inches. The distance (r3) may not exceed 0.21 inches, and is, for example, but not limited to, 0.20, 0.19, 0.18, and 0.17 inches. The distance can be defined by any combination of lower and upper limits, for example, in the range of 0.17 inches to 0.21 inches, which includes, but not limited to, 0.17 inches to 0.18 inches, 0.18 inches to 0.19 inches, 0.19 inches to 0.20 inches, and 0.20 inches to 0.21 inches. The mask device 100 may include a diaphragm 180 surrounding a second end forming an opening 130, and the diaphragm 180 may be configured to provide one or more of the following advantages: comfortable wear; reduced rebreathing of carbon dioxide; and prevention of restriction of air or oxygen flow. The diaphragm may include, but is not limited to, flexible materials including silicone, thermoplastic urethane, or other rubber or rubber-like synthetic materials.

[0027] This disclosure provides a method for manufacturing a mask device 100. The mask device 100 can be manufactured by any process capable of manufacturing a mask device as described herein, but is not limited to, injection molding, 3D printing, urethane casting, thermoforming, computer numerical control (CNC) machining, and the like. In one embodiment, the manufacturing method may include injection molding, and the mask device is an injection-molded part having an overmolded section.

[0028] The mask device 100 may include a polycarbonate material. The overmold may include a thermoplastic elastomer. According to a particular embodiment, the mask device of the present disclosure may include some rigid or semi-rigid polymer / plastic. The overmold may include silicone, thermoplastic urethane, or some other rubber or rubber-like synthetic material.

[0029] The second end forming the opening 130 may have a surface area of ​​at least 2.5 square inches, for example, but not limited to, 2.5, 3.0, 3.5, 4.0, 4.5, 5.0, 5.5, 6.0, 6.5, 7.0, 7.5, 8.0, 8.5, 9.0, 9.5, 10.0, 10.5, 11.0, 11.5, 12.0, 12.5, 13.0, 13.5, 14.0, 14. These are 5, 15.0, 15.5, 16.0, 16.5, 17.0, 17.5, 18.0, 18.5, 19.0, 19.5, 20.0, 20.5, 21.0, 21.5, 22.0, 22.5, 23.0, 23.5, 24.0, 24.5, 25.0, 25.5, 26.0, 26.5, 27.0, 27.5, 28.0, 28.5, 29.0, 29.5, and 30.0 square inches. The second end forming the opening 130 may have a surface area not exceeding 30.0 square inches, for example, 29.5, 29.0, 28.5, 28.0, 27.5, 27.0, 26.5, 26.0, 25.5, 25.0, 24.5, 24.0, 23.5, 23.0, 22.5, 22.0, 21.5, 21.0, 20.5, 20.0, 19.5, 19.0, 18 Not exceeding 0.5, 18.0, 17.5, 17.0, 16.5, 16.0, 15.5, 15.0, 14.5, 14.0, 13.5, 13.0, 12.5, 12.0, 11.5, 11.0, 10.5, 10.0, 9.5, 9.0, 8.5, 8.0, 7.5, 7.0, 6.5, 6.0, 5.5, 5.0, 4.5, 4.0, 3.5, 3.0, and 2.5 square inches. The surface area of ​​the second end forming the opening 130 can be defined by any combination of lower and upper limits, for example, from 2.5 square inches to 30.0 square inches, which includes, but is not limited to, 2.5 square inches to 7.5 square inches, 7.5 square inches to 12.5 square inches, 12.5 square inches to 17.5 square inches, 17.5 square inches to 22.5 square inches, 22.5 square inches to 27.5 square inches, and 27.5 square inches to 30.0 square inches.

[0030] The mask device 100 may have a surface area of ​​at least 15 square inches, and for example, but is not limited to, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 95, 100, 105, 110, 115, 120, 125, 150, 175, 200, 225, and 250 square inches. The mask device 100 may have a surface area not exceeding 250 square inches, for example, but not limited to, 250, 225, 200, 175, 150, 125, 120, 115, 110, 105, 100, 95, 90, 85, 80, 75, 70, 65, 60, 55, 50, 45, 40, 35, 30, 25, 20, and 15 square inches. The surface area of ​​the mask device 100 can be defined by any combination of lower and upper limits, for example, from 15 square inches to 250 square inches, which includes, but is not limited to, 15 square inches to 20 square inches, 25 square inches to 50 square inches, 50 square inches to 75 square inches, 75 square inches to 100 square inches, 100 square inches to 125 square inches, 125 square inches to 150 square inches, 150 square inches to 175 square inches, 175 square inches to 200 square inches, 200 square inches to 225 square inches, and 225 square inches to 250 square inches.

[0031] The longitudinal length (defined by r7 in Figure 11) from the closed end 125 (Figure 4) of the mask device 100 to the second end (Figure 5) forming the opening 130 can be at least 1.5 inches, and is, for example, but is not limited to, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 3.5, 4.0, 4.5, 5.0, 5.5, 6.0, 6.5, 7.0, 7.5, 8.0, 8.5, 9.0, 9.5, and 10.0 inches. The length (r7) may not exceed 10.0 inches, and is, for example, but is not limited to, 9.5, 9.0, 8.5, 8.0, 7.5, 7.0, 6.5, 6.0, 5.5, 5.0, 4.5, 4.0, 3.5, 3.0, 2.5, 2.0, and 1.5 inches. The length (r7) can be defined by any combination of lower and upper limits, for example, in the range of 1.5 inches to 10.0 inches, which includes, but is not limited to, 1.5 inches to 2.0 inches, 2.0 inches to 2.5 inches, 2.5 inches to 3.0 inches, 3.0 inches to 3.5 inches, 3.5 inches to 4.0 inches, 4.0 inches to 4.5 inches, 4.5 inches to 5.0 inches, 5.0 inches to 5.5 inches, 6.0 inches to 6.5 inches, 6.5 inches to 7.0 inches, 7.0 inches to 7.5 inches, 7.5 inches to 8.0 inches, 8.0 inches to 8.5 inches, 8.5 inches to 9.0 inches, 9.0 inches to 9.5 inches, and 9.5 inches to 10.0 inches.

[0032] The mask device 100 can be molded to fit the length of an animal's nose up to 35 cm. Therefore, the mask device 100 can be molded to fit a nose length of at least 5 cm, for example, at least 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, and 35 cm. The mask device 100 can be molded to fit the nose length of an animal not exceeding 35 centimeters, for example, not limited to, 34, 33, 32, 31, 30, 29, 28, 27, 26, 25, 24, 23, 22, 21, 20, 19, 18, 17, 16, 15, 14, 13, 12, 11, 10, 9, 8, 7, 6, and 5 cm. The nose lengths of animals that can fit within the mask device 100 can be defined by any combination of lower and upper limits, for example, from 5 cm to 35 cm, which includes, not limited to, 5 cm to 15 cm, 15 cm to 30 cm, 10 cm to 15 cm, 15 cm to 20 cm, 20 cm to 25 cm, 25 cm to 30 cm, and 30 cm to 35 cm.

[0033] The mask device 100 can be molded to fit the circumference of an animal's nose up to 55 cm. Therefore, the mask device 100 can be molded to fit an animal's nose circumference of at least 10 cm, for example, at least 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, and 55 cm. The mask device 100 can be molded to fit an animal's nose circumference not exceeding 55 cm, for example, not limited to 50 cm, 45 cm, 40 cm, 35 cm, 30 cm, 25 cm, 20 cm, 15 cm, and 10 cm. The animal nose circumferences that can be fitted within the mask device 100 can be defined by any combination of lower and upper limits, for example, from 10 cm to 55 cm, which includes, not limited to, 10 cm to 20 cm, 20 cm to 30 cm, 30 cm to 40 cm, 40 cm to 50 cm, and 50 cm to 55 cm.

[0034] While the maximum nose length of an animal is described as 35 cm and the maximum nose circumference as 55 cm, mask devices molded to fit animals with nose lengths exceeding 35 cm, or mask devices molded to fit animals with nose circumferences exceeding 55 cm, are also possible and are included within the scope of this disclosure. The number of r1, r2, r3, r4, r5, r6, and vents in the mask device of this disclosure can be increased or decreased depending on the type or size of the animal.

[0035] Furthermore, this disclosure describes a kit that can be used to carry out this disclosure. The kit may include a mask device 100. The kit may also include a tube or hose for connecting the mask device 100 to an oxygen tank or a tank containing a gaseous substance. The kit may also include an oxygen tank.

[0036] Conventional veterinary masks, which may commonly include modified human anesthesia masks, may have one or more of the following drawbacks for veterinary use: Conventional veterinary masks tend to be very uncomfortable for animals to wear, may not fit properly, and may cause stress and discomfort. Drug administration and oxygen therapy require the mask to be worn for a certain period of time. Due to the level of discomfort and poor fit of conventional masks, it is often necessary to sedate the animal to prevent the mask from coming off or being damaged. This can be counterproductive to the animal's treatment because the animal is unnecessarily exposed to sedation risks, including, but not limited to, death, hypoxemia, prolonged recovery, nausea, and vomiting. Conventional masks also carry the risk of animals rebreathing carbon dioxide due to the large dead space in conventional masks, insufficient elimination of carbon dioxide in exhaled air from the mask, and / or the use of a diaphragm around the mask opening. As a non-limiting example, if the mask is too tight and gas cannot be expelled, there is a risk of carbon dioxide rebreathing, and if the mask is too loose and does not fit properly around the animal's nose, the oxygen inside the mask may be diluted with the room air, potentially causing air entrainment.

[0037] The mask device of this disclosure improves upon one or more of the drawbacks of conventionally known masks. Because the mask device of this disclosure can closely conform to the shape of an animal's nose, it can provide a higher level of comfort compared to conventional masks, resulting in reduced stress and discomfort. Since animals wearing the mask device of this disclosure do not require sedation, the conventionally known sedation risk is reduced. The mask device of this disclosure reduces or prevents carbon dioxide rebreathing through at least one vent and other elements of the mask device described herein. The mask device of this disclosure reduces or prevents air entrainment and dilution of oxygen in the room air. Therefore, this disclosure provides a mask device that achieves more efficient oxygen delivery and carbon dioxide reduction compared to conventional masks for veterinary use.

[0038] (definition)

[0039] In this disclosure, certain terms have the meanings described below.

[0040] Various aspects of the method are described and shown with reference to one or more exemplary embodiments. Where used herein, the term “exemplary” means “functioning as an example, case, or illustration” and should not necessarily be construed as being preferable or advantageous to other modifications of the apparatus, system, or method disclosed herein. “Optional” or “optional” means that the events or circumstances described below may or may not occur, and that the specification includes both cases in which the embodiment occurs and cases in which it does not occur.

[0041] As used herein, the term “length of the nose” refers to the measurement of the distance from the tip of the animal’s nose to the base of the nose below the eye.

[0042] As used herein, the term “circumference of the nose” refers to the measurement of the circumference of the widest part of the animal’s nose, usually just below the eye.

[0043] As used herein, the term “animal” means dogs, cats, birds, rabbits, guinea pigs, turtles, hamsters, horses, or other animals for which oxygen therapy may be desirable.

[0044] As used herein, the term "dog" refers to any domesticated canid or mammal of the genus Canis.

[0045] The terms used herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to be limiting. Where used herein, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are interpreted to include the plural form unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. For example, the singular "vent" may include multiple vents.

[0046] As used herein, the terms "and / or" include any and all combinations of one or more of the enumerated items relating to the subject. Similarly, as used herein, the terms "or" mean inclusive, not exclusive. That is, unless otherwise specified or evident from the context, "X uses A or B" means any naturally inclusive permutation. In other words, if X uses A, if X uses B, or if X uses both A and B, the condition "X uses A or B" is satisfied in all of these cases.

[0047] Terms such as "next" and "followed by" are not intended to limit the order of the steps; these terms are simply used to guide the reader through the explanation of the method.

[0048] The terms “comprises,” “comprising,” “including,” “having,” and “characterized” can be inclusive and thus identify the presence of the described features, elements, compositions, steps, completes, operations, and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, completes, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or groups thereof. These open-ended terms can be understood as non-restrictive terms used to describe and claim the various embodiments described herein, but in certain embodiments they can instead be understood as more restrictive and limiting terms such as “consisting of” or “essentially consisting of.” Accordingly, any given embodiment listing the compositions, materials, components, elements, features, completes, operations, and / or process steps described herein also strictly include embodiments consisting of, or essentially consisting of, such compositions, materials, components, elements, features, completes, operations, and / or process steps. In the case of "consisting of," the alternative embodiment excludes any additional compositions, materials, components, elements, features, completes, operations, and / or process steps; however, in the case of "essentially consisting of," any additional compositions, materials, components, elements, features, completes, operations, and / or process steps that substantially affect the basic and novel properties may be excluded from such embodiment, but any compositions, materials, components, elements, features, completes, operations, and / or process steps that do not substantially affect the basic and novel properties may be included in the embodiment.

[0049] The method steps, processes, and operations described herein are not necessarily construed to have to be performed in a specific order described or illustrated unless otherwise explicitly stated. Furthermore, it should be understood that additional or alternative steps may be used unless otherwise noted.

[0050] In addition, features described in relation to a particular exemplary embodiment can be combined with or in any other form of rearrangement or combination with a variety of other embodiments. Various aspects or elements of the exemplary embodiments disclosed herein can be combined in a similar manner. Where used herein, the terms “combination,” “combinatory,” or “combinations thereof” refer to all rearrangements and combinations of the items listed before the term. For example, “A, B, C, or any combination thereof” is intended to include at least one of A, B, C, AB, AC, BC, or ABC, and is also intended to include BA, CA, CB, CBA, BCA, ACB, BAC, or CAB, where the order is important in a particular context. Continuing this example, it may explicitly include combinations that involve repetitions of one or more items or terms, such as BB, AAA, AB, BBC, AAABCCCC, CBBAAA, CABABB, etc. Those skilled in the art will understand that, unless otherwise clearly indicated by the context, there is generally no limit to the number of items or terms that can be combined.

[0051] While specific embodiments of the Disclosure are presented above, the Disclosure can be embodied in a variety of forms and should not necessarily be construed as being limited only to the embodiments disclosed herein. Rather, these embodiments may be presented in such a way as to make the Disclosure thorough and complete and to adequately convey the various concepts of the Disclosure to those skilled in the art.

[0052] All figures described herein are approximate unless otherwise specified. Therefore, the term "approximately" is an estimate unless explicitly stated. It should be understood that the quantities disclosed herein are not strictly limited to the exact figures described. Rather, unless otherwise specified, each figure described herein is intended to mean both the value described and the functionally equivalent range surrounding that value. Each figure should be interpreted using the usual rounding process, taking into account the published number of significant figures, and not as an attempt to limit the application of the doctrine of equivalents to the claims. A general degree of error may be within 20%, 10%, or 5% of a particular value or range of values. Alternatively, the term "approximately" refers to within one decimal place of a value, and in some cases within five or two times the given value. While the figures described herein are approximations, the figures described in specific examples of actual measurements are described as accurately as possible. However, any figure inherently contains a certain degree of error due to the standard deviation in each test measurement.

[0053] All numerical ranges described herein include all subranges contained therein. For example, the range "1 to 10" or "1-10" is intended to include all subranges between (and including) the stated minimum value of 1 and the stated maximum value of 10, because the disclosed numerical ranges are contiguous and may include all values ​​between the minimum and maximum values. Any maximum numerical limit described herein is intended to include all numerical limits below it. Any minimum numerical limit described herein is intended to include all numerical limits above it.

[0054] Features or functions described in relation to a particular embodiment can be incorporated or partially incorporated into and / or combined with various other embodiments. Similarly, various aspects and / or elements of the embodiments disclosed herein can be combined or partially combined in a similar manner. Furthermore, some exemplary embodiments can, individually and / or collectively, constitute components of a larger system, in which case other procedures may override or modify their application. In addition, multiple steps may be required before, after, and / or concurrently with the exemplary embodiments disclosed herein. It should be noted that at least some and all methods and / or processes disclosed herein may be performed in some manner, at least partially, through at least one entity or actor.

[0055] While specific embodiments are illustrated and described, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Those skilled in the art will recognize or identify numerous equivalents, including substitutions, alterations, additions, deletions, modifications, and replacements, to the specific apparatus and methods described herein. Accordingly, this application, including the appended claims, is intended to encompass all such changes and modifications that may fall within the scope of this application.

[0056] Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art. [Examples]

[0057] Example 1

[0058] The experiment was conducted using a canine lung model (CLM) shown in Figure 15. The CLM includes a 3D printed dog head and airways, which contain an anatomically accurate internal airway constructed from computed tomography (CT) scans of a 15kg female golden retriever carcass scaled down by 25% to approximate the size of a typical patient. The 3D printed airway terminates at the midpoint of the trachea, from where it passes through a capnograph and oxygen sensor before entering a Harvard Apparatus dual-phase control respirator.

[0059] Carbon dioxide was titrated onto the inlet arm of the ventilator, mixed in the piston chamber, and then exhaled through the head model. Various oxygen therapy states were applied to the model by attaching a mask that received oxygen from an oxygen source, which was a variable-flow 5-liter oxygen concentrator.

[0060] A ventilator and a 3D-printed dog head were run for 5 minutes without oxygen or carbon dioxide input. To standardize carbon dioxide production in the system, carbon dioxide gas was titrated into the inspiratory duct of the ventilator until the capnograph showed end-tidal carbon dioxide (EtCO2) at 35 mmHg. As used herein, "CO2 delta" refers to the change in EtCO2 in the airway. The test began from a steady state of EtO2 at 35 mmHg. Therefore, a CO2 delta of +10 is 45 mmHg. As used herein, "O2 delta" refers to the change in inhaled oxygen fraction (FiO2) in the airway.

[0061] After reaching equilibrium, a mask was attached to the 3D head and the oxygen flow was started. Once a steady state was reached, the EtCO2 and oxygen ratios were recorded. The mask was removed to reset the model.

[0062] After the ventilator pump had completely removed the old air and the EtCO2 equilibrium had returned to 35 mmHg and FiO2 to 21%, the following tests were performed. Each test was performed for approximately 3 to 5 minutes, depending on the respiratory and treatment status.

[0063] Test 1: Comparison of diaphragms

[0064] To identify the effect of the diaphragm according to the embodiments of this specification, a study was conducted using the model shown above and in Figure 15. In this study, the mask size, vents, and inlets were kept the same.

[0065] Figure 12A shows the CO2 delta of a mask with the diaphragm of the present disclosure (the inventive mask) and a mask with a conventional mask diaphragm. The CO2 delta is low at 0.5 liters / minute of oxygen when using the diaphragm of the present disclosure, i.e., the diaphragm of the present invention, which is a flow rate commonly prescribed for small dogs with tracheal collapse syndrome that can be aggravated by rebreathing carbon dioxide.

[0066] The O2 delta (Figure 12B) decreased at 1 liter / min when using the diaphragm of the present disclosure compared to a mask with a conventional diaphragm. The O2 delta was comparable at 0.5 liters / min and 2.0 liters / min. The slight decrease in oxygen concentration and the significant decrease in carbon dioxide concentration when using the diaphragm of the present disclosure demonstrate the advantages of the diaphragm according to the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0067] Test 2: Comparison of entrance positions

[0068] To identify the effect of the location of the oxygen inlet inside the mask device of this disclosure, a study was conducted using the model shown above and in Figure 15. CO2 delta (Figure 13A) and O2 delta (Figure 13B) were measured using a mask with a conventional inlet position and a mask with a forward inlet according to the embodiment of this disclosure. As used herein, a conventional inlet position refers to an inlet that does not protrude into the interior of the mask device and is flush with the closed end inside the mask device. In this study, the mask size, vents, and lack of diaphragm remained the same between each mask.

[0069] The forward inlet described herein showed a significant reduction in carbon dioxide compared to a standard inlet. With the forward inlet of this disclosure, the CO2 delta decreased to 3 at 2 liters per minute, compared to 13 with a conventional inlet. Consequently, carbon dioxide rebreath was virtually zero with the forward inlet of this disclosure.

[0070] Test 3: Comparison of vents

[0071] To identify the effects of different ventilation configurations using the forward inlet of this disclosure and conventional inlets, a study was conducted using the model shown above and in Figure 15. In this study, the mask size and diaphragm absence remained the same.

[0072] CO2 delta (Figure 14A) and O2 delta (Figure 14B) were measured using a mask device having a front inlet as described herein and four different vent designs: no vent, conventional circular vent (Figure 16), semi-taped vent (Figure 17), three small V-cut vents arranged in a triangular pattern as described herein, and three large V-cut vents arranged in a triangular pattern with cavities as described herein.

[0073] CO2 delta (Figure 14C) and O2 delta (Figure 14D) were measured with a mask device including a conventional inlet and with five different vent designs (no vent, conventional vent, semi-taped vent, taped vent, three small V-cut vents arranged in the triangular pattern described herein, and three large V-cut vents arranged in the triangular pattern with cavities described herein). Figures 14C and 14D show that the large V-cut has a low CO2 delta but also the lowest O2 delta. The three small V-cut vents have high CO2 delta and O2 delta.

[0074] The vent configuration and design of the present disclosure with a forward inlet demonstrated a reduction in carbon dioxide and carbon dioxide rebreath compared to other vent designs with either a conventional inlet or the inlet of the present disclosure.

[0075] Appearance 1: A mask device for veterinary use comprises: a housing having three walls forming the side walls of an enclosure; a first closed end and a second end forming an opening for receiving the animal's nose into the enclosure; an outlet protruding from the outside of the housing at the closed end; and an inlet protruding from the inside of the enclosure at the closed end; wherein the three walls include at least one vent having a concave shape extending toward the opening, the at least one vent including a cavity, and the opening including a diaphragm.

[0076] Appearance 2: The mask device according to embodiment 1, wherein the outlet is configured to receive oxygen and transfer oxygen to the inlet.

[0077] Appearance 3: The mask device according to any one of embodiments 1 to 2, wherein the inlet is configured to disperse oxygen throughout the entire enclosure.

[0078] Appearance 4: A mask device according to any one of embodiments 1 to 3, wherein at least one vent is located near the first closed end of the housing.

[0079] Appearance 5: The mask device is a mask device according to any one of embodiments 1 to 4, comprising two ventilation holes.

[0080] Appearance 6: The mask device is a mask device according to any one of embodiments 1 to 5, comprising three vents arranged at equal intervals around the housing.

[0081] Appearance 7: A mask device according to any one of embodiments 1 to 6, wherein each wall has a vent positioned close to the top of the mask.

[0082] Aspect 8: The mask device according to any one of embodiments 1 to 7, wherein the three vents include three small V-cut vents.

[0083] Appearance 9: The mask device according to any one of embodiments 1 to 8, wherein the three vents include three large V-cut vents.

[0084] Appearance 10: The mask device according to any one of embodiments 1 to 9, wherein the vents release carbon dioxide and reduce carbon dioxide rebreathing.

[0085] Appearance 11: The mask device according to any one of embodiments 1 to 10, wherein the cavity has a parabolic appearance extending toward a second end that forms an opening.

[0086] Appearance 12: A mask device according to any one of embodiments 1 to 11, wherein the cavity is shaped and positioned to release carbon dioxide and reduce carbon dioxide contamination.

[0087] Appearance 13: The diaphragm is configured to provide a comfortable fit around the animal's nose and to prevent the entry of carbon dioxide. A mask device according to any one of embodiments 1 to 12.

[0088] Appearance 14: The mask apparatus according to any one of embodiments 1 to 13, wherein the diaphragm comprises silicone.

[0089] Appearance 15: The mask device according to any one of embodiments 1 to 14, wherein the vent has a surface area of ​​at least 0.7 square inches.

[0090] Appearance 16: The mask device according to any one of embodiments 1 to 15, wherein the vents have a surface area of ​​0.7 square inches to 2.0 square inches.

[0091] Appearance 17: A mask device according to any one of embodiments 1 to 16, wherein the distance from the top and bottom of the vents is at least 0.30 inches.

[0092] Appearance 18: A mask device according to any one of embodiments 1 to 17, wherein the distance from the top and bottom of the vents is 0.30 inches to 0.55 inches.

[0093] Appearance 19: A mask device according to any one of embodiments 1 to 18, wherein the distance from the top of the mask device and the bottom of the vents is at least 0.50 inches.

[0094] Appearance 20: A mask device according to any one of embodiments 1 to 19, wherein the distance from the top of the mask device and the bottom of the vents is 0.50 inches to 0.80 inches.

[0095] Appearance 21: A mask device according to any one of embodiments 1 to 20, wherein the length of the entrance is at least 0.21 inches.

[0096] Appearance 22: A masking device according to any one of embodiments 1 to 21, wherein the length of the entrance is 0.21 inches to 0.41 inches.

[0097] Appearance 23: A mask device according to any one of embodiments 1 to 22, wherein the distance from the inlet and vent is at least 0.50 inches.

[0098] Appearance 24: A mask device according to any one of embodiments 1 to 23, wherein the distance from the inlet and vent is 0.50 inches to 1.4 inches.

[0099] Appearance 25: A mask device according to any one of embodiments 1 to 24, wherein the distance from the distal end of the inlet and the closed end of the housing is at least 0.50 inches.

[0100] Appearance 26: A mask device according to any one of embodiments 1 to 25, wherein the distance from the distal end to the inlet and the closed end of the housing is 0.50 inches to 1.4 inches.

[0101] Appearance 27: A mask device according to any one of embodiments 1 to 26, wherein the distance from the distal end of the inlet and the distal end of the vent opposite the distal end of the inlet is at least 0.17 inches.

[0102] Appearance 28: A mask device according to any one of embodiments 1 to 27, wherein the distance from the distal end of the inlet and the distal end of the vent is 0.17 inches to 0.21 inches.

[0103] Appearance 29: A masking device according to any one of embodiments 1 to 28, wherein the surface area of ​​the opening is at least 2.5 square inches.

[0104] Appearance 30: A masking device according to any one of embodiments 1 to 29, wherein the surface area of ​​the opening is between 2.5 square inches and 30.0 square inches.

[0105] Appearance 31: A mask device according to any one of embodiments 1 to 30, wherein the surface area of ​​the mask device is at least 15 square inches.

[0106] Appearance 32: A mask device according to any one of embodiments 1 to 31, wherein the surface area of ​​the mask device is from 15 square inches to 250 square inches.

[0107] Appearance 33: A mask device according to any one of embodiments 1 to 32, wherein the longitudinal length of the mask device from the first end to the second end is at least 1.5 inches.

[0108] Appearance 34: A mask device according to any one of embodiments 1 to 33, wherein the length of the mask device is 1.5 inches to 10.0 inches.

[0109] Appearance 35: A mask device according to any one of embodiments 1 to 34, wherein at least one vent cavity has a parabolic appearance extending toward a second end forming an opening.

[0110] Appearance 35: A mask device according to any one of embodiments 1 to 34, wherein at least one vent cavity is molded and positioned to expel carbon dioxide and reduce carbon dioxide ingress.

[0111] Appearance 36: A mask device for veterinary use comprises a housing having three sides and a bottom, three walls forming the side walls of an enclosure, a closed end, and an opening for receiving the animal's nose into the enclosure; an outlet protruding from the outside of the housing at the closed end; and an inlet protruding from the inside of the enclosure at the closed end, wherein the three walls include at least one vent having a concave shape extending toward the opening, the at least one vent includes a cavity, contact portions from two of the three sides form a corner, and the opening includes a diaphragm.

[0112] Appearance 37: A mask device for veterinary use comprises a housing having three sides and a bottom, three walls that curve near the closed end, and an opening for receiving the animal's nose into the enclosure; an outlet protruding from the outside of the housing at the closed end; and an inlet protruding from the inside of the enclosure at the closed end, wherein the three walls include at least one vent having a concave shape extending toward the opening, the at least one vent having a cavity, contact portions from two of the three sides forming a corner, and the opening includes a diaphragm.

[0113] Appearance 38: A kit comprising a mask device, an oxygen tank, and a hose for connecting the mask device to the oxygen tank, as described in any of embodiments 1 to 37.

[0114] Appearance 39: The kit according to embodiment 38, wherein the first end of the hose is connectable to the outlet of a mask device, and the second end of the hose is connectable to the outlet of an oxygen tank. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0115] 100 Masking Device 110 Housing 140 Exit 150 Entrance 160 vents 170 Cavity

Claims

1. A housing having three walls forming the side walls of the enclosure, a first closed end, and a second end forming an opening for receiving the snout of an animal into the enclosure, An outlet protruding from the outside of the housing at the closed end, An inlet protruding from the inside of the enclosure at the closed end, A mask device for veterinary use, comprising: A mask device in which the three walls include at least one vent having a concave shape extending toward the opening, the at least one vent includes a cavity, and the opening includes a diaphragm.

2. The mask device according to claim 1, wherein the outlet is configured to receive oxygen and transfer oxygen to the inlet.

3. The mask device according to claim 1, wherein the inlet is configured to disperse oxygen throughout the entire enclosure.

4. The mask device according to claim 1, wherein the at least one vent is located near the first closed end of the housing.

5. The mask device according to claim 1, wherein the mask device is provided with two ventilation holes.

6. The mask device according to claim 1, wherein the mask device comprises three vents arranged at equal intervals around the housing.

7. The mask device according to claim 6, wherein each of the walls has a vent positioned close to the top of the mask.

8. The mask device according to claim 6, wherein the three vents include three small V-shaped cut vents.

9. The mask device according to claim 6, wherein the three vents include three large V-shaped cut vents.

10. The mask device according to claim 1, wherein the at least one vent is configured to expel carbon dioxide and reduce carbon dioxide rebreathing.

11. The diaphragm is configured to provide a comfortable fit around the animal's nose and prevent the entry of carbon dioxide. The mask device according to claim 1.

12. The mask device according to claim 1, wherein the diaphragm contains silicone.

13. The mask device according to claim 1, wherein the vent has a surface area of ​​at least 0.7 square inches.

14. The mask device according to claim 13, wherein the at least one vent has a surface area of ​​0.7 square inches to 2.0 square inches.

15. The mask device according to claim 1, wherein the distance from the top and bottom of the at least one vent is at least 0.30 inches.

16. The mask device according to claim 15, wherein the distance from the top and bottom of the at least one vent is 0.30 inches to 0.55 inches.

17. The mask device according to claim 10, wherein the distance from the top of the mask device and the bottom of the at least one vent is at least 0.50 inches.

18. The mask device according to claim 17, wherein the distance from the top of the mask device and the bottom of the at least one vent is 0.50 inches to 0.80 inches.

19. The mask device according to claim 1, wherein the length of the inlet is at least 0.21 inches.

20. The mask device according to claim 19, wherein the length of the inlet is 0.21 inches to 0.41 inches.

21. The mask device according to claim 1, wherein the distance from the inlet and the at least one vent is at least 0.50 inches.

22. The mask device according to claim 21, wherein the distance from the inlet and the at least one vent is 0.50 inches to 1.4 inches.

23. The mask device according to claim 1, wherein the distance from the distal end of the closed end of the housing, which is connected to the inlet and each of the three walls, is at least 0.50 inches.

24. The mask device according to claim 23, wherein the distance from the distal end to the inlet and the closed end of the housing is 0.50 inches to 1.4 inches.

25. The mask according to claim 1, wherein the distance from the distal end of the inlet and the distal end of the vent opposite to the distal end of the inlet is at least 0.17 inches.

26. The mask device according to claim 25, wherein the distance from the distal end of the inlet and the distal end of the vent is 0.17 inches to 0.21 inches.

27. The mask device according to claim 1, wherein the surface area of ​​the opening is at least 2.5 square inches.

28. The mask device according to claim 27, wherein the surface area of ​​the opening is 2.5 square inches to 30.0 square inches.

29. The mask device according to claim 1, wherein the surface area of ​​the mask device is at least 15 square inches.

30. The mask device according to claim 29, wherein the surface area of ​​the mask device is 15 square inches to 250 square inches.

31. The mask device according to claim 1, wherein the longitudinal length of the mask device from the first end to the second end is at least 1.5 inches.

32. The mask device according to claim 31, wherein the length of the mask device is 1.5 inches to 10.0 inches.

33. The mask device according to claim 1, wherein the cavity of the at least one vent has a parabolic appearance extending toward the opening.

34. The mask device according to claim 1, wherein the cavity of the at least one vent is formed and positioned to discharge carbon dioxide and reduce the ingress of carbon dioxide.

35. A kit comprising the mask device described in claim 1, an oxygen tank, and a hose configured to connect the mask device to the oxygen tank.

36. The kit according to claim 35, wherein the first end of the hose is connectable to the outlet of the mask device, and the second end of the hose is connectable to the outlet of the oxygen tank.

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