Composition for the prevention, improvement, or treatment of oral diseases, containing koi mushroom extract as an active ingredient.

Abstract

The present invention relates to a composition for the prevention, improvement, or treatment of oral diseases containing a koi mushroom extract as an active ingredient. The composition for the prevention, improvement, or treatment of oral diseases of the present invention uses a natural product, the koi mushroom extract, to suppress the activity of various types of bacteria present in the oral cavity, particularly hospital bacteria that are the main cause of oral diseases, and also suppresses the formation of oral bacterial films (biofilms). This effectively prevents, improves, or treats tooth decay, gingivitis, periodontitis, etc. Furthermore, because it is not highly toxic to the human body, it can be used for a long period of time and is useful as a pharmaceutical composition, food composition, and quasi-drug composition for the prevention, treatment, or improvement of oral diseases.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] This invention relates to a composition for the prevention, improvement, or treatment of oral diseases, which contains a hummus extract as an active ingredient. [Background technology]

[0002] Dental caries, also known as tooth decay, and periodontitis, or other gum diseases, are very common diseases that induce a variety of clinical symptoms such as pain, impaired chewing function, destruction of periodontal tissue, bad breath, and hypersensitivity, and are major causes of tooth loss.

[0003] Tooth decay primarily develops on the chewing surfaces of teeth and the interproximal surfaces between teeth, destroying the enamel surrounding the dentin. This exposes the dentin and dentinal tubules, leading to symptoms such as tooth sensitivity. This type of tooth decay mainly occurs during infancy and adolescence, when the enamel is not yet sufficiently strengthened.

[0004] Periodontal disease (periodontitis), also known as gum disease, occurs when the periodontal ligaments connecting the teeth to the alveolar bone are damaged. Due to a disruption of the oral microbiome ecosystem caused by various factors, late-onset inflammation of the underlying tissue persists, and localized excessive concentration of reactive oxygen species and inflammatory signaling substances leads to the absorption of the alveolar bone and periodontal ligaments beneath the periodontal tissue. This damage to the alveolar bone and periodontal ligaments reduces the support of the alveolar bone for the teeth, increases tooth mobility, exposes the cementum surrounding the tooth root, and causes symptoms such as tooth sensitivity. While this type of periodontal disease mainly occurs in adults over 30, many people are currently unaware that they have this condition.

[0005] Tooth decay and periodontal disease are bacterial infections caused by bacteria present in the oral cavity. Oral bacteria receive nutrients from consuming food, and as the bacterial density increases, they form a biofilm called a dental biofilm on the surface of the teeth. The dental biofilm is an adhesive bacterial film (biofilm) formed by the attachment of more than 700 types of bacteria to a thin film of glycoprotein components attached to the surface of the teeth.

[0006] Because the bacterial film on the tooth surface in the oral cavity forms a physically thick layer, it is difficult for external substances to penetrate, and genetic mutations occur through intercellular interactions, resulting in higher resistance to antimicrobial substances compared to airborne bacteria.

[0007] If the bacterial film on the tooth surface is not properly removed, it will deposit on the tooth surface and, over time, transform into tartar. If left untreated, tartar can lead to gum bleeding, edema, and tooth loosening due to alveolar bone resorption, and can cause dental caries and periodontal disease.

[0008] The bacteria associated with periodontal disease are primarily Gram-negative anaerobic bacteria present on the subgingival bacterial film, with Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) being a representative example. Porphyromonas gingivalis breaks down collagen and secretes toxins such as ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, amines, and lipopolysaccharides, directly affecting periodontal tissue. Furthermore, the metabolites of Porphyromonas gingivalis stimulate the body's immune system, and this stimulated humoral and cellular immune system, through various mechanisms, secretes cytokines such as reactive oxygen species and intharkin, which can induce inflammation of the gums.

[0009] Methods for suppressing the growth of such oral pathogens include therapies for removing dental plaque and tartar, which are the habitats of the pathogens, and therapies using antibacterial agents that act on the pathogens themselves or antibiotics that can exert bactericidal and sterilizing effects.

[0010] However, antibiotics may cause systemic side effects on the human body, such as allergies, and may also lead to the emergence of resistant bacteria in the oral cavity or induce superinfection, making it difficult to use them for a long time.

[0011] In addition, the antibacterial agents used in oral cleaners have not yet clearly shown their effects on oral bacteria, and there is particular debate about their therapeutic effects on gingival diseases. There is also a problem that side effects on oral tissues, such as human toxicity, may occur during long-term use. Therefore, research on the development of natural product-derived oral health materials that can replace them has attracted attention.

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0012] An object of the present invention is to provide a pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating oral diseases.

[0013] Another object of the present invention is to provide a food composition for preventing or improving oral diseases.

[0014] Another object of the present invention is to provide an external preparation for pharmaceuticals composition for preventing or improving oral diseases.

[0015] Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preventing or treating oral diseases.

[0016] Still another object of the present invention is to provide a use for preventing or treating oral diseases.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0017] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating oral diseases, which contains a Coprinus extract as an active ingredient.

[0018] In addition, the present invention provides a food composition for preventing or improving oral diseases, which contains a Coprinus extract as an active ingredient.

[0019] In addition, the present invention provides a quasi-drug composition for preventing or improving oral diseases, which contains a Coprinus extract as an active ingredient.

[0020] In addition, the present invention provides a method for preventing or treating oral diseases by administering a composition containing a Coprinus extract as an active ingredient.

[0021] Furthermore, the present invention provides a use of a composition containing a Coprinus extract as an active ingredient for preventing or treating oral diseases.

Advantages of the Invention

[0022] The composition for preventing, improving, or treating oral diseases of the present invention uses a Coprinus extract, which is a natural product, to suppress the activities of various types of bacteria present in the oral cavity, especially the pathogens that are the main causes of oral diseases, and to suppress the formation of the oral bacterial film (biofilm), thereby effectively preventing, improving, or treating dental caries, gingivitis, periodontitis, etc. In addition, since it is not highly toxic to the human body, it can be used for a long time and is useful as a pharmaceutical composition, a food composition, and a quasi-drug composition for preventing, treating, or improving oral diseases.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0023] [Figure 1] It is a diagram showing the growth curve of Porphyromonas gingivalis bacteria treated with the extracts of Embodiments 1 to 6 of the present invention. [Figure 2]This figure shows the respiratory activity of Porphyromonas gingivalis bacteria treated with extracts from embodiments 1 to 3 of the present invention. [Figure 3] This figure shows the cytotoxicity of the extracts of Embodiments 1 to 3 of the present invention in MG63 cells. [Figure 4] This figure shows the inhibitory effect of treating the extracts of Embodiments 1, 3, and 4 of the present invention on the formation of biofilms. [Figure 5] This figure shows the effect of removing intracellular ROS (reactive oxygen species) by treating the extracts according to Embodiments 1, 3, and 4 of the present invention. [Figure 6] This figure shows the anti-inflammatory effect of treatment with the yeast extract (NY) of Embodiment 1 in HGF-1 cells. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0024] A pharmaceutical composition for the prevention or treatment of oral diseases, containing a hummus extract as an active ingredient.

[0025] The present invention will be described in more detail below.

[0026] The terminology used in this invention is intended to appropriately describe preferred embodiments of the invention and may vary depending on the intent of the user, operator, or conventions of the art to which the invention belongs. Therefore, definitions of these terms should be based on the overall content of this specification. Wherever a part of the specification is said to "include" a particular component, this does not exclude other components, unless otherwise stated, and may further include other components.

[0027] All technical terms used in this invention, unless otherwise defined, are used in the sense that they would be commonly understood by those skilled in the art in which this invention pertains. This specification also includes preferred methods and materials, and similar or equivalent methods are also included within the scope of this invention. All publications cited as references in this specification are incorporated into this invention.

[0028] The inventors of this invention, while researching natural products that can prevent, improve, or treat oral diseases, confirmed that *Cordyceps militaris* extract can effectively prevent, improve, or treat tooth decay, gingivitis, periodontitis, etc., by suppressing the activity of various types of bacteria present in the oral cavity, particularly hospital bacteria that are the main cause of oral diseases, and by suppressing the formation of oral bacterial films (biofilms). Based on this, they sought to utilize the extract as a pharmaceutical composition, food composition, and quasi-drug composition for the prevention, treatment, or improvement of oral diseases.

[0029] Therefore, the present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition for the prevention or treatment of oral diseases, which contains a koi mushroom extract as an active ingredient.

[0030] The "Koutake" used in this invention is a basidiomycete fungus belonging to the genus Sarcodon, family Thelephoraceae, order Aphyllophorales, distributed in Korea and Japan. It is a mycorrhizal mushroom also known as "fragrant mushroom" due to its strong aroma. The main components of Koutake include protein, polysaccharides, and vitamins, as well as large amounts of lentian and enltedenine, which are effective in preventing cancer, high blood pressure, and arteriosclerosis.

[0031] In one embodiment of the present invention, the pharmaceutical composition may further contain bitter melon (Momordica Charantia) extract or Japanese apricot (Mume Fructus) extract.

[0032] In one embodiment of the present invention, the mixed extract of Koutake and (bitter melon or dried plum) may be a mixture of Koutake and (bitter melon or dried plum) in a weight ratio of 1-5:1-5, 1-4:1-4, 1-3:1-3, 1-2:1-2, or 1:1, but is not limited thereto.

[0033] The "bitter melon (Momordica charantia)" used in this invention is a climbing annual plant belonging to the Cucurbitaceae family. Its leaves are large, with a kidney-like circular pattern, approximately 5-12 cm long and wide, and generally have 5-7 deep branches. The fruit has a long, oval or oval pattern, narrow at both ends, growing to 8-30 cm in length, and is irregularly covered with blunt, knob-like protrusions. Bitter melon is also called bitter fruit, and in English-speaking countries, it is called "bitter melon." It is a harvestable fruit cultivated in tropical Asia, Africa, the Mediterranean, etc., and is known as bitter melon because of its extremely bitter taste. It contains large amounts of beneficial substances such as vitamin C, saponins, alkaloids, and glucosides, and is particularly known to contain a high concentration of a component called charantin, which has a blood glucose-lowering function.

[0034] In this invention, "Mume Fructus" refers to a medicinal substance obtained by fumigating the unripe fruit of the plum tree (Prunus mume.) of the rose family. The fruit is round in shape, with a diameter of 1.5 to 3 cm, a glossy black or brownish-black surface, wrinkled, and a hard, yellowish-brown pit with raised dots on its surface. The fruit is semicircular and pale yellow, has a distinctive odor, and tastes sour. Its components include 19% citric acid, 15% malic acid, succinic acid, carbohydrates, sitosterol, and oleic acid.

[0035] In this specification, the term "extract" means a solvent-coated extract, a specific solvent-soluble extract (solvent fraction), and a solvent fraction of a solvent-coated extract, and such extract may be in the form of a solution, concentrate, or powder.

[0036] In one embodiment of the present invention, each extract can be extracted in any solvent selected from the group consisting of methanol, ethanol, acetone, ethyl acetate, hexane, butanol, methylene chloride, water, or a mixture thereof. Preferably, it can be extracted in methanol or ethanol, and more preferably, in methanol.

[0037] In the present invention, when a mixture of water and alcohol is used as one solvent in the production of each extract, the following ranges apply: 10%(v / v) or more to less than 100%(v / v), 20%(v / v) or more to less than 100%(v / v), 30%(v / v) or more to less than 100%(v / v), 40%(v / v) or more to less than 100%(v / v), 50%(v / v) or more to less than 100%(v / v), 60%(v / v) or more to less than 100%(v / v), 10%(v / v) or more to less than 90%(v / v), 10%(v / v) or more to less than 80%(v / v), 10%(v / v) or more to less than 70%(v / v), 10%(v / v) or more to less than 60%(v / v), This could be, but is not limited to, a 30% (v / v) aqueous solution of a linear or branched alcohol with 1 to 4 carbon atoms, such as 10% (v / v) or more but less than 50% (v / v), 10% (v / v) or more but less than 35% (v / v), 20% (v / v) or more but less than 90% (v / v), 20% (v / v) or more but less than 80% (v / v), 20% (v / v) or more but less than 70% (v / v), 20% (v / v) or more but less than 60% (v / v), 20% (v / v) or more but less than 50% (v / v), 20% (v / v) or more but less than 40% (v / v), or 20% (v / v) or more but less than 35% (v / v), for example, a 30% (v / v) aqueous solution of a linear or branched alcohol with 1 to 4 carbon atoms.

[0038] In the present invention, the aqueous alcohol solution may be one or more selected from the group consisting of aqueous methanol solution, aqueous ethanol solution, aqueous isopropanol solution, aqueous propanol solution, and aqueous butanol solution, but is not limited thereto.

[0039] The extraction method used in the present invention can be any commonly used method, such as hot water extraction, cold maceration extraction, reflux condensation extraction, solvent extraction, steam distillation, ultrasonic extraction, elution, or pressing.

[0040] The extract obtained by the above extraction method can be further subjected to a normal fractionation process, but is not limited to this.

[0041] The extract obtained by the extraction method described above can be purified using a conventional purification method.

[0042] In the present invention, each extract can be produced in powder form by further processes of vacuum distillation and freeze-drying or spray-drying of the extract obtained by the extraction method described above.

[0043] In the present invention, each extract can be further purified to obtain a fraction obtained by using a variety of chromatography methods such as silica gel column chromatography, thin layer chromatography, and high-performance liquid chromatography.

[0044] In one embodiment of the present invention, the oral disease is not limited to, but may include periodontitis, peri-implantitis, dental caries, gingivitis, bad breath, and oral mucosal ulcers, all of which are caused by bacteria in the oral cavity.

[0045] In one embodiment of the present invention, the above composition can suppress the formation of a biofilm or remove a biofilm that has been formed.

[0046] In one embodiment of the present invention, the oral disease may be an oral disease caused by Porphyromonas gingivalis, Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sobrinus, Streptococcus sanguinis, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, or Fusobacterium nucleatum, and preferably an oral disease caused by Porphyromonas gingivalis.

[0047] As used in the present invention, the term "prevention" means all actions that suppress or delay the onset, spread, and recurrence of thrombotic diseases by administering the pharmaceutical compositions according to the present invention.

[0048] In this invention, unless otherwise specified, the term "treatment" means the reversal, alleviation, suppression, or prevention of the progression of the disease or illness to which the above term applies, or one or more symptoms of the above disease or illness. In this application, the term "treatment" means the act of treating.

[0049] The pharmaceutical compositions of the present invention are administered in a pharmaceutically effective amount. The term "pharmaceutically effective amount" as used in the present invention means an amount sufficient to treat the disease without causing side effects, based on a reasonable benefit-risk ratio applicable to medical treatment. The level of the effective dose may be determined depending on factors including the patient's health condition, the type and severity of the disease, the activity of the drug, the sensitivity to the drug, the method of administration, the time of administration, the route of administration, and the elimination ratio, the duration of treatment, the formulation, or the drugs used concurrently, and other factors well known in the medical field. The compositions of the present invention can be administered as individual therapeutic agents or in combination with other therapeutic agents, can be administered sequentially or concurrently with conventional therapeutic agents, and can be administered single or multiple times. Considering all of the above factors, it is important to administer an amount that provides the maximum effect with the minimum amount without side effects, which can be easily determined by those skilled in the art.

[0050] The compositions according to the present invention may contain a pharmaceutically effective amount of *Cortinarius violaceus* extract alone, or one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, excipients, or diluents. The pharmaceutically effective amount means an amount sufficient to prevent, improve, and treat the symptoms of an immune disorder. The pharmaceutically acceptable means a composition that is physiologically acceptable and does not typically cause gastrointestinal disturbances, allergic reactions such as dizziness, or similar reactions when administered to humans.

[0051] Furthermore, compositions containing pharmaceutically acceptable carriers may be in a variety of oral or parenteral dosage forms. When formulated, they may be prepared using commonly used fillers, bulking agents, binders, wetting agents, disintegrants, diluents such as surfactants, or excipients. The carriers, excipients, and diluents may be one or more selected from the group consisting of lactose, dextrose, sucrose, sorbitol, mannitol, xylitol, erythritol, maltitol, starch, acacia gum, alginate, gelatin, calcium phosphate, calcium silicate, cellulose, methylcellulose, amorphous cellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone, physiological saline, methyl hydroxybenzoate, propyl hydroxybenzoate, talc, magnesium stearate and mineral oil, dextrin, calcium cabonate, propylene glycol, and liquid paraffin, but are not limited to these, and any of the usual carriers, excipients, or diluents can be used. The above components may be added independently or in combination with the active ingredient, *Cordyceps sinensis* extract.

[0052] Solid preparations for oral administration may include tablets, pills, powders, granules, capsules, etc. Such solid preparations can be prepared by mixing one or more compounds with at least one or more excipients, such as starch, calcium carbonate, sucrose or lactose, gelatin, etc. In addition to simple excipients, lubricants such as magnesium stearate and talc may also be used. Liquid preparations for oral administration include suspensions, oral solutions, emulsions, syrups, etc. In addition to commonly used simple diluents such as water and liquid paraffin, a variety of excipients, such as humectants, sweeteners, fragrances, and preservatives, may be included. Preparations for parenteral administration may include sterile aqueous solutions, non-aqueous solvents, suspensions, emulsions, lyophilized preparations, and suppositories. Non-aqueous solvents and suspension solvents may include propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, vegetable oils such as olive oil, and injectable esters such as ethyl oleate. The base of the suppositories may include witepsol, macrogol, tween 61, cocoa butter, lauric acid butter, glycerol gelatin, etc.

[0053] The pharmaceutical composition of the present invention may have any dosage form selected from the group consisting of tablets, pills, powders, granules, capsules, suspensions, oral solutions, emulsions, syrups, sterile aqueous solutions, non-aqueous solvents, suspensions, emulsions, lyophilized preparations, and suppositories.

[0054] The present invention provides a food composition for the prevention or improvement of oral diseases, which contains a koi mushroom extract as an active ingredient.

[0055] In one embodiment of the present invention, the food composition may further contain bitter melon (Momordica charantia) extract or Japanese plum (Mume Fructus) extract.

[0056] In the present invention, the term "improvement" means all actions that result in the reduction or improvement of symptoms in individuals suspected of having an oral disease, or in individuals who have developed the disease, using a composition containing the extract of the dwarf mushroom as an active ingredient.

[0057] In the present invention, the term "food" includes, but is not limited to, any food in the ordinary sense, such as meats, sausages, bread, chocolates, candies, snacks, sweets, pizzas, ramen and other noodles, gums, dairy products including ice cream, various soups, beverages, teas, drinks, alcoholic beverages, vitamin complexes, and health functional foods, as long as it contains the Kototake extract of the present invention. It may also be in the form of pills, powders, granules, precipitates, tablets, capsules, or liquids.

[0058] In this invention, the term "health functional food" refers to food manufactured (including processed food) using raw materials or components that have functional properties useful to the human body as defined in Act No. 16295 on Health Functional Foods. "Functionality" means regulating nutrients in relation to the structure and function of the human body, or obtaining effects useful for health purposes, such as physiological effects. On the other hand, "health food" refers to food that has a more active effect on maintaining and promoting health compared to general food, and "health supplement" refers to food intended for health support. Depending on the context, the terms health functional food, health food, and health supplement may be used interchangeably. The health functional food of this invention can be manufactured by methods commonly used in this industry. It can be manufactured in various dosage forms, and unlike general medicines, it has the advantage of not having side effects that can occur when medicines are taken long-term, because it is made from food ingredients, and it is also highly portable.

[0059] The aforementioned food composition may be manufactured by adding raw materials and components commonly used in the industry, and the types thereof are not particularly limited. For example, along with ordinary food products, various herbal extracts, food-grade food additives, or natural carbohydrates may be included as additional components, but are not limited to these.

[0060] The present invention provides a quasi-drug composition for the prevention or improvement of oral diseases, which contains a koi mushroom extract as an active ingredient.

[0061] In one embodiment of the present invention, the quasi-drug composition may further contain bitter melon (Momordica charantia) extract or Japanese apricot (Mume Fructus) extract.

[0062] In the present invention, the term "quasi-drug" means any article that falls under any of the following categories: fiber, rubber products, or similar items used for the purpose of treating, alleviating, managing, or preventing diseases of humans or animals; items that have a weak effect on the human body or do not directly affect the human body and are not instruments or machines, or similar items; or preparations used for sterilization, insecticidal, and similar purposes for the prevention of infectious diseases, excluding articles used for the purpose of diagnosing, treating, alleviating, managing, or preventing diseases of humans or animals that are not instruments, machines, or devices; and articles used for the purpose of pharmacologically influencing the structure and function of humans or animals that are not instruments, machines, or devices.

[0063] The aforementioned quasi-drugs are not limited to these, but may specifically include toothpaste, mouthwash, oral spray, oral ointment, oral patch, or gum.

[0064] When the Koutake extract of the present invention is used as an additive in quasi-drugs, the extract can be added as is or used together with other quasi-drugs or components of quasi-drugs, and can be used appropriately by conventional methods, and the amount of active ingredient mixed can be appropriately determined according to the purpose of use.

[0065] The present invention provides an antibacterial or anti-inflammatory composition containing a hummus extract as an active ingredient.

[0066] In one embodiment of the present invention, the composition may further contain bitter melon (Momordica charantia) extract or Japanese apricot (Mume Fructus) extract.

[0067] The present invention provides a method for preventing or treating an oral disease, comprising the following steps: administering a pharmaceutically effective amount of a composition containing a koi mushroom extract as an active ingredient to a subject.

[0068] The term "subject" as used in this invention can refer to mammals, including humans, and may, but is not limited to, humans, monkeys, cattle, horses, sheep, pigs, cats, dogs, mice, rats, rabbits, or guinea pigs. The term "administration" as used in this invention means providing a predetermined substance to a subject by any suitable method, and the administration route of a composition containing the Koutake extract of this invention as an active ingredient can be oral or parenterally through any common route, as long as it reaches the target organism. Furthermore, the composition of this invention may also be administered using any device capable of delivering the active ingredient to target cells. For example, the pharmaceutical composition of this invention can be administered by intravenous injection, subcutaneous injection, intramuscular injection, intraperitoneal injection, local administration, intranasal administration, intrapulmonary administration, rectal administration, intradural administration, intraocular administration, skin administration, and transdermal administration, among others.

[0069] The present invention provides a composition containing a koi mushroom extract as an active ingredient for the prevention or treatment of oral diseases.

[0070] The functions and effects of the invention will be described in more detail below through specific embodiments of the invention. However, these embodiments are presented only as examples of the invention and do not define the scope of the invention's rights.

[0071] <Embodiment 1> Preparation of Sarcodon aspratus extract The ethanol extract of *Cortinarius violaceus* was purchased from Jiundang Oriental Medicine Pharmacy in Gyeongdong Market, South Korea. After crushing the extract into pieces smaller than 5 cm, 30 g was placed in a 500 mL round flask and extracted by immersion in 300 mL of ethanol (000E0219, SAMCHUN) as a solvent in a 50°C constant temperature water bath for 3 hours.

[0072] The flask was shaken six times at 30-minute intervals to mix with the solvent. After extraction, the solids were filtered off using a vacuum apparatus with Whatman® No.1 qualitative filter paper (1002110, CYTIVA). The filtered extract was concentrated using a rotary concentrator IKA RV-10 (IKA, Germany), frozen in a -80°C deep freezer, and then sublimated using a freeze-drying oven EYELA FDU-2110 (EYELA, Japan) over 72 hours to obtain the solids extract.

[0073] The methanol extract of *Cortinarius violaceus* is the same as the extraction method described above, except that methanol is used as the solvent.

[0074] The solid extract was dissolved in DMSO (dimethyl sulfoxide) at a concentration of 1 μg / 1 μL, followed by centrifugation. Only the upper layer was used in the experiment. The extract concentration was calculated as a percentage of the total volume of the experimental solvent.

[0075] <Embodiment 2> Preparation of bitter melon (Momordica charantia; bitter fruit) extract The bitter melon ethanol extract was purchased from Jiundang Oriental Medicine Pharmacy in Gyeongdong Market, South Korea. After crushing the bitter melon into pieces smaller than 5 cm, 30 g was placed in a 500 mL round flask and extracted by immersion in 300 mL of ethanol (000E0219, SAMCHUN) as a solvent in a 50°C constant temperature water bath for 3 hours.

[0076] The flask was shaken six times at 30-minute intervals to mix with the solvent. After extraction, the solids were filtered off using a vacuum apparatus with Whatman® No.1 qualitative filter paper (1002110, CYTIVA). The filtered extract was concentrated using a rotary concentrator IKA RV-10 (IKA, Germany), frozen in a -80°C deep freezer, and then sublimated using a freeze-drying oven EYELA FDU-2110 (EYELA, Japan) over 72 hours to obtain the solids extract.

[0077] The bitter melon methanol extract is the same as the extraction method described above, except that methanol is used as the solvent.

[0078] The solid extract was dissolved in DMSO (dimethyl sulfoxide) at a concentration of 1 μg / 1 μL, followed by centrifugation. Only the upper layer was used in the experiment. The extract concentration was calculated as a percentage of the total volume of the experimental solvent.

[0079] <Embodiment 3> Preparation of Mume Fructus extract The ethanol extract of Japanese apricot was purchased from Jiundang Oriental Medicine Pharmacy in Gyeongdong Market, South Korea. After crushing it into pieces smaller than 5 cm, 30 g was placed in a 500 mL round flask and extracted by immersion in 300 mL of ethanol (000E0219, SAMCHUN) as a solvent in a 50°C constant temperature water bath for 3 hours.

[0080] The flask was shaken six times at 30-minute intervals to mix with the solvent. After extraction, the solids were filtered off using a vacuum apparatus with Whatman® No.1 qualitative filter paper (1002110, CYTIVA). The filtered extract was concentrated using a rotary concentrator IKA RV-10 (IKA, Germany), frozen in a -80°C deep freezer, and then sublimated using a freeze-drying oven EYELA FDU-2110 (EYELA, Japan) over 72 hours to obtain the solids extract.

[0081] The methanol extract of Japanese apricot is the same as the extraction method described above, except that methanol is used as the solvent.

[0082] The solid extract was dissolved in DMSO (dimethyl sulfoxide) at a concentration of 1 μg / 1 μL, followed by centrifugation. Only the upper layer was used in the experiment. The extract concentration was calculated as a percentage of the total volume of the experimental solvent.

[0083] <Embodiment 4> Preparation of a mixture of shiitake mushroom extract and bitter melon extract The solid extract was dissolved in DMSO (dimethyl sulfoxide) at a concentration of 1 μg / 1 μL, followed by centrifugation, and only the upper layer was used in the experiment. The concentration of the extract was calculated as a percentage of the total volume of the experimental solvent. In the case of a mixture, if the concentration used in the experiment was 0.5%, 0.25% of each component was mixed and used in the experiment.

[0084] <Embodiment 5> Preparation of a mixture of Koutake extract and Ume extract The solid extract was dissolved in DMSO (dimethyl sulfoxide) at a concentration of 1 μg / 1 μL, followed by centrifugation, and only the upper layer was used in the experiment. The concentration of the extract was calculated as a percentage of the total volume of the experimental solvent. In the case of a mixture, if the concentration used in the experiment was 0.5%, 0.25% of each component was mixed and used in the experiment.

[0085] <Embodiment 6> Preparation of a mixture of bitter melon extract and dried plum extract The solid extract was dissolved in DMSO (dimethyl sulfoxide) at a concentration of 1 μg / 1 μL, followed by centrifugation, and only the upper layer was used in the experiment. The concentration of the extract was calculated as a percentage of the total volume of the experimental solvent. In the case of a mixture, if the concentration used in the experiment was 0.5%, 0.25% of each component was mixed and used in the experiment.

[0086] <Example 1> Antibacterial test <1-1> Confirmation of the growth inhibitory ability of the fungal strain The extracts used in the experiment were provided by Professor Kim Tae-jeong's laboratory at Kookmin University in South Korea.

[0087] Before sowing P. gingivalis, the culture medium was prepared. The medium was dispensed in 10 mL portions, and the volume for the extract was removed. Single extracts were combined at 0.125% each, and mixed extracts were combined at 0.125% each (final concentration 0.25%). Subsequently, incubation was carried out in an anaerobic chamber for 24 hours to switch the oxygen supply.

[0088] 500 μL of P. gingivalis (ATCC 33277, KCOM) was added to 9.5 mL of BHI medium (BHI, Hemin 5 μg / mL, Vitamin K1 1 μg / mL), incubated at 37°C for 24 hours, then 1.5 mL of the culture was dispensed into e-tubes in 1 mL portions and centrifuged at 12,000 rpm for 3 minutes. After removing the upper layer, 1 mL of BHI medium was added to suspend the pellet. Next, 20 μL was taken and diluted to 1 / 20 in 380 μL of BHI medium. 200 μL of the diluted culture was dispensed into a 96-well plate and OD 600 The measured OD was... 600 Based on the value, 1 × 10 8 The input volume of P. gingivalis was calculated using the following method in CFU / mL.

[0089] [Total CFU of P. gingivalis contained in 1 mL of undiluted solution] ={7156.4(0.281;OD dilution value -0.087;OD medium)-20.258 =(1368.0836 × 10 6 CFU / mL) × 20 = 27361.672 × 10 6 CFU / mL = 273.61672 × 10 8 CFU / mL

[0090] In this case, since the total volume is 10 mL, the volume added (X below) is: JPEG2026517699000002.jpg42170

[0091] The volume of ethanol extract added was calculated using the following formula 1. <Equation 1> Input volume = Total volume × Extract concentration

[0092] In 10 mL of BHI medium, 36.5 μL of P. gingivlais (calculated above), 12.5 μL (0.125%), and 25 μL (0.25%) of ethanol extract were removed. To the medium from which each volume had been removed, 36.5 μL of the P. gingivlais culture solution prepared above, and 25 μL (0.25%) or 12.5 μL (0.125%) of ethanol extract (0.125% single, 0.125% each mixed, final concentration 0.25%) were added, and then mixed with a pipette. Next, while incubation proceeded in an anaerobic chamber, absorbance (OD600 nm) was measured using a microplate reader at time intervals (0h, 4h, 8h, 12h, 24h, 48h, 72h, 96h, 120h), and the measurement results are shown in Figure 1 and Table 1.

[0093] [Table 1]

[0094] As a result, it was confirmed that the extracts of Embodiments 1, 2, and 4 to 6 suppressed the growth of Porphyromonas gingivalis for up to 96 hours, while the plum extract of Embodiment 3 suppressed the growth of P. gingivalis for a maximum of 8 hours.

[0095] <1-2> Confirmation of the viability of the bacterial strain The extracts used in the experiment were provided by Professor Kim Tae-jeong's laboratory at Kookmin University in South Korea.

[0096] 500 μL of P. gingivalis (ATCC 33277, KCOM) was added to 9.5 mL of BHI medium (BHI, 5 μg / mL of hemin, and 1 μg / mL of vitamin K1), and after culturing at 37°C for 24 hours, 1.5 mL of the culture solution was dispensed into e-tubes at 1 mL each and centrifuged at 12,000 rpm for 3 minutes. After removing the supernatant, 1 mL of BHI medium was added to suspend the pellet. Next, 20 μL was taken and diluted 1 / 20 with respect to 380 μL of BHI medium. 200 μL of the diluted culture solution was dispensed into a 96-well plate, and OD 600 was measured. Based on the measured OD 600 value, the input volume of P. gingivalis was calculated at 1×10 8 CFU / mL using the following method.

[0097] [Total CFU of P. gingivalis contained in 1 mL, stock solution] ={7156.4(0.163; OD dilution value - 0.083; OD medium) - 20.258 =(552.254×10 6 CFU / mL)×20 =11045.08×10 6 CFU / mL =110.4508×10 8 CFU / mL

[0098] At this time, since the total volume is 1 mL, the input volume (X below) is JPEG2026517699000004.jpg40170

[0099] In addition, the input volume of the ethanol extract was calculated using the following formula 1. <Formula 1>

[0100] Input volume = total volume × concentration of extract In 1 mL of BHI medium, 9.05 μL of P. gingivlais (calculated as above) and 5 μL (0.5%), 2.5 μL (0.25%), and 1.25 μL (0.125%) of ethanol extract were removed. To the medium from which each volume had been removed, 9.05 μL of the P. gingivlais culture solution prepared as above was added, and 5 μL (0.5%), 2.5 μL (0.25%), and 1.25 μL (0.125%) of each concentration of ethanol extract were added according to the time intervals (0h, 1h, 2h, 3h, 4h), and then mixed with a pipette. Next, 150 μL was dispensed into each 96-well plate, and the Microbial Viability Assay Kit-WST (DOJINDO) reagent was dispensed. After incubation in an anaerobic chamber for 1 hour, the absorbance (OD450nm) was measured using a microplate reader, and the measurement results are shown in Figure 2 and Tables 2 to 4.

[0101] [Table 2]

[0102] [Table 3]

[0103] [Table 4]

[0104] As a result, as shown in Figure 2(a), it was confirmed that all of the 0.5% concentration extracts from Embodiments 1 to 3 suppressed the respiratory activity of P. gingivalis. Furthermore, as shown in Figures 2(b) and 2(c), it was confirmed that the 0.25% and 0.125% concentrations of the dwarf mushroom extract and bitter melon (bitter fruit) extract suppressed the respiratory activity of P. gingivalis, while the 0.25% and 0.125% concentrations of the dried plum extract did not suppress the respiratory activity of P. gingivalis.

[0105] <Example 2> Cytotoxicity Test The extracts used in the experiment were provided by Professor Kim Tae-jeong's laboratory at Kookmin University in South Korea.

[0106] To evaluate the biotoxicity of the koi mushroom extract, bitter melon (goya) extract, and dried plum extract prepared in the above embodiments 1 to 3, MG63 culture survival experiments were conducted at varying concentrations of each extract (0.0625, 0.125, 0.25, 0.5, and 1%).

[0107] MG63 cells, an osteosarcoma cell line, were cultured in a DMEM culture medium containing 10% FBS, 100 units / mL benicillin, 100 mg / mL streptomycin, etc., at 37°C in a 5% CO2 incubator.

[0108] After culturing for a certain period, the initial seeding density for use in experiments is 5000 cells / well based on a 96-well plate, and the culture conditions are as follows:

[0109] Conditions: DMEM (Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium) 10%; + FBS (Fetal Bovine Serum) 1%; 37℃, 5% CO2.

[0110] Twelve hours after seeding, to investigate cytotoxicity, the cells were treated with 1%, 0.5%, 0.25%, 0.125%, and 0.0625% of the extracts prepared in Embodiments 1-3 above, respectively. Twenty-four hours after treatment, 10 μL of Dojindo Cell Counting Kit-8 was dispensed into each well, incubated at 37°C for two hours, and the cell viability was confirmed by measuring the absorbance at 450 nm. The results are shown in Figure 3 and Tables 5-9.

[0111] [Table 5]

[0112] [Table 6]

[0113] [Table 7]

[0114] [Table 8]

[0115] [Table 9]

[0116] As a result, as shown in Figure 3, it was confirmed that all extracts except for the Kotake ethanol extract and the bitter melon (goya) ethanol extract showed a cell viability of 80% or more at all concentrations. The Kotake ethanol extract and the bitter melon (goya) ethanol extract were confirmed to show a cell viability of 80% or more at concentrations of 0.25% or less.

[0117] <Example 3> Confirmation of suppression of biofilm formation (Titanium disc_confocal) The ethanol extracts of bitter melon and bitter mushroom used in the experiment were provided by Professor Kim Tae-jeong's laboratory at Kookmin University in South Korea.

[0118] Filtered saliva was dispensed in 200 μL portions onto titanium discs (10 mm in diameter, Dentium), and then gently shaken in an infinity symbol pattern. After incubation at 37°C for 4 hours, the saliva was removed.

[0119] 500 μL of P. gingivalis (ATCC 33277, KCOM) was placed in 9.5 mL of BHI medium (BHI, Hemin 5 μg / mL, Vitamin K1 1 μg / mL) and incubated at 37°C for 24 hours. Then, 1.5 mL of the culture solution was dispensed into e-tubes in 1 mL portions and centrifuged at 12,000 rpm for 3 minutes. After removing the upper layer, 1 mL of BHI medium was added to suspend the pellet. Next, 20 μL was taken and diluted to 1 / 20 of 380 μL of BHI medium. 200 μL of the diluted culture solution was dispensed into a 96-well plate and OD (Oral Discharge). 600 The measured OD was... 600 Based on the value, 1 × 10 8 The input volume of P. gingivalis was calculated using the following method in CFU / mL.

[0120] [Total CFU of P. gingivalis contained in 1 mL of undiluted solution] ={7156.4(0.254;OD dilution value -0.085;OD medium)-20.258 =(1189.1736 × 10 6 CFU / mL) × 20 = 23783.472 × 10 6 CFU / mL = 237.83472 × 10 8 CFU / mL

[0121] In this case, if the total volume is 14 mL (1 mL dispensed into each disk), the input volume (X below) is: JPEG2026517699000013.jpg41170

[0122] 58.9 μL of P. gingivlais, calculated as above, was removed from 14 mL of BHI medium. 58.9 μL of the P. gingivlais culture solution prepared as above was added to the removed medium and mixed with a pipette. Next, 1 mL was added to each well of a 24-well plate and gently shaken to create a delta shape. The mixture was incubated for 24 hours in a 37°C anaerobic chamber (Whitley DG 250 Workstation 230v / 50Hz; 80% N2, 10% CO2, and 10% H2 and 100% N2).

[0123] After removing the culture medium from the well plate, 1 mL of the culture medium mixed with the extract was added to each well plate and gently shaken in a delta shape. The well plates were incubated for 24 hours in an anaerobic chamber at 37°C (Whitley DG 250 Workstation 230v / 50Hz; 80% N2, 10% CO2, and 10% H2 and 100% N2).

[0124] The volume of ethanol extract to be added was calculated using Equation 1 below. <Equation 1> Input volume = Total volume × Extract concentration

[0125] For single extracts, ethanol extract was added to a concentration of 0.125%, and for combined extracts, ethanol extract was added at a rate of 0.125% per extract, resulting in a final concentration of 0.25%.

[0126] After incubation in an anaerobic chamber for a total of 48 hours, the disk surface was stained using Hoechst 33342 and Propidium iodide solution (PI, sigma-aldrich) for imaging with a confocal laser scanning microscope (Carl Zeiss). 300 μL of staining agent was added to each well, and imaging was performed after incubation at room temperature for 30 minutes.

[0127] As a result, as shown in Figure 4, it was confirmed that, in the case of a single extract, the *Kouta* mushroom extract had a relatively greater ability to remove biofilm than the *Goya* (bitter fruit) extract. Furthermore, in the case of the mixture of *Kouta* mushroom extract and *Goya* (bitter fruit) extract in Embodiment 4, it was confirmed that the biofilm removal effect was even better than that of the extracts in Embodiments 1 and 3.

[0128] <Example 4> Confirmation of the effect of removing oral biofilm (OB) ROS (Reactive oxygen species)

[0129] The ethanol extracts of bitter melon and bitter mushroom used in the experiment were provided by Professor Kim Tae-jeong's laboratory at Kookmin University in South Korea.

[0130] Filtered saliva was dispensed in 200 μL portions onto a titanium disc (10 mm in diameter, Dentium), and then gently shaken in an infinity symbol pattern. After incubation at 37°C for 4 hours, the saliva was removed.

[0131] 500 μL of P. gingivalis (ATCC 33277) was added to 9.5 mL of BHI medium (BHI, Hemin 5 μg / mL, Vitamin K1 1 μg / mL), incubated at 37°C for 24 hours, then 1.5 mL of the culture was dispensed into e-tubes in 1 mL portions and centrifuged at 12,000 rpm for 3 minutes. After removing the upper layer, 1 mL of BHI medium was added to suspend the pellet. Next, 20 μL was taken and diluted to 1 / 20 in 380 μL of BHI medium. 200 μL of the diluted culture was dispensed into a 96-well plate and OD 600 The measured OD was... 600 Based on the value, 1 × 10 8 The input volume of P. gingivalis was calculated using the following method in CFU / mL.

[0132] [Total CFU of P. gingivalis contained in 1 mL of undiluted solution] ={7156.4(0.254;OD dilution value -0.085;OD medium)-20.258 =(1189.1736 × 10 6 CFU / mL) × 20 = 23783.472 × 10 6 CFU / mL = 237.83472 × 10 8 CFU / mL

[0133] In this case, if the total volume is 3.5 mL (1 mL dispensed into each disk), the input volume (X below) is: JPEG2026517699000014.jpg41170

[0134] The volume of ethanol extract added was calculated using the following formula 1. <Equation 1> Input volume = Total volume × Extract concentration

[0135] In 3.5 mL of BHI medium, 14.7 μL of P. gingivlais (calculated above) and 4.38 μL (0.125%) and 8.75 μL (0.25%) of ethanol extract were removed. To the medium from which each volume had been removed, 14.7 μL of the P. gingivlais culture solution prepared above and 4.38 μL (0.125%) and 8.75 μL (0.25%) of ethanol extract (0.125% single, 0.125% each mixed, final concentration 0.25%) were added, and then mixed with a pipette. Next, 1 mL was added to each well of a 24-well plate and gently shaken to create a delta shape. The cells were incubated for 24 hours in an anaerobic chamber at 37°C (Whitley DG 250 Workstation 230v / 50Hz; 80% N2, 10% CO2, and 10% H2 and 100% N2). After incubation, the discs were transferred to new plates for seeding MG63 cells.

[0136] MG63 cells, an osteosarcoma cell line, were cultured in a DMEM culture medium containing 10% FBS, 100 units / mL benicillin, 100 mg / mL streptomycin, etc., at 37°C in a 5% CO2 incubator.

[0137] After culturing for a certain period, before sowing for use in experiments, CellTracker TM Cells were stained using Red CMTPX. The stained cells were seeded on discs at a rate of 5000 cells / 20 μL. After seeding, the cells were incubated in a CO2 incubator for 7 minutes, and then 1-1.5 mL of DMEM medium supplemented with 10% FBS was dispensed into each well. The cells were incubated in a CO2 incubator for 24 hours.

[0138] To measure intracellular ROS, CellROX TM Deep Red Reagent was added to the culture medium at a final concentration of 2 μM and incubated in a CO2 incubator for 30 minutes. The disc was then washed once with warm PBS and removed. The mounting solution was placed on a confocal dish, 70 μL away, and the disc was mounted over it to prevent foam formation. The surface of the disc was imaged using a confocal laser scanning microscope (Carl Zeiss). ROS signals were imaged with a 647 nm laser, CellTracker Red (which labels cells) with a 594 nm laser, and Wheat Germ Agglutinin-FITC (which stains biofilms) with a 488 nm laser.

[0139] As a result, as shown in Figure 5, it was confirmed that ROS (reactive oxygen species) were removed more effectively when treated with the dwarf mushroom extract and bitter melon (bitter fruit) extract of Embodiments 1 and 3 compared to when treated with DMSO alone. Furthermore, it was confirmed that the mixture of dwarf mushroom extract and bitter melon (bitter fruit) extract of Embodiment 4 had a superior effect in removing intracellular ROS (reactive oxygen species) compared to the extracts of Embodiments 1 and 3.

[0140] <Example 5> Confirmation of the anti-inflammatory effect of the ethanol extract of *Cortinarius violaceus*. <5-1> Materials for the experiment HGF-1 cells, DMEM (FBS 10%, Antibiotics 1%-penicillin, streptomycin) medium, Trypsin / EDTA, PBS, 6-well plate, DMEM (FBS-, Antibiotics 1%-penicillin, streptomycin) medium, DMSO (D8418-250mL, sigma-aldrich), Koutake ethanol extract (Kookmin University), LPS-PG (1mg, InvivoGen), Trizol (ambion, REF 15596018), 1.5mL e-tube, pipette aid, serological pipette, 15mL conical tube, LUNA-II TM Automated Cell Counter, Direct-zol TM RNA MiniPrep (CAT.No: R2050, Lot No.ZRC203699), EtOH absolute (Supelco), 1.5mL e-tube, UV-Visible Spectrophotometer (ThermoFisher, Nanodrop One), SuperScript (registered trademark) IV First-Strand Synthesis System, Nuclease-Free Water (not depc treated, Ambion), MJ Mini Personal Thermal Cycler (BIO-RAD), RealHelix TMPremier qPCR Kit (SYBR Green withhigh ROX, Cat No, PQH-S500), PCR tube Rack, Nuclease-Free Water (not depc treated, Ambion), MicroAmp Fast Reaction Tubes (8 tutub / Strip, 0.1mL, applied biosystems), MicroAmp Optical 8-Cap Strip (applied biosystems), StepOnePlus Real-Time PCR System (Applied Biosystems / US)

[0141] <5-2> Cell culture and induction of inflammatory response To confirm the HGF-1 inflammatory response by qRT-PCR after treatment with LPS and *Cortinarius violaceus* ethanol extract, experiments were conducted on four sample groups: Control (LPS-, *Cortinarius violaceus* ethanol extract-), Sample 1 (LPS-, *Cortinarius violaceus* ethanol extract+), Sample 2 (LPS+, *Cortinarius violaceus* ethanol extract-), and Sample 3 (LPS+, *Cortinarius violaceus* ethanol extract+).

[0142] In a 6-well plate, 1 x 10⁶ per well. 6 Cells were seeded, and 2 mL of culture medium was dispensed and incubated in a 5% CO2 incubator at 37°C for 6 hours. Subsequently, DMEM (FBS-, phenol red-, Ab+) was treated with 0.25% DMSO (0.25% of 7 mL = 17.5 μL) and 0.25% extract (0.25% of 13 mL = 32.5 μL), and then vortex-mixed. DMEM medium from which FBS was removed was used because FBS affects growth.

[0143] Two mL of DMEM medium, from which the culture medium had been removed, was dispensed into wells and incubated in a 5% CO2 incubator at 37°C for 2 hours. The control group, which was not treated with LPS, was incubated for 24 hours.

[0144] Each well was filled with 1 μg / mL of LPS and incubated in a 5% CO2 incubator at 37°C for 22 hours. After washing with PBS, the PBS was removed, and 500 μL of Trizol was dispensed and incubated for 5 minutes. Subsequently, all cells adhering to the plate were carefully removed by pipetting, the upper layer was transferred to an e-tube, and stored at -20°C.

[0145] <5-3> Cell collection using Trizol 5 x 10 per well in the well plate 5 Cell seeding (seeding only one cell is sufficient) was performed, 2 mL of culture medium was dispensed, and the cells were incubated in a 5% CO2 incubator at 37°C for 6 hours.

[0146] DMEM (FBS-, phenol red-, Ab+) was treated with 0.25% DMSO (0.25% of 3 mL = 7.5 μL) and then vortex-mixed. 2 mL of the DMEM medium, from which the culture medium had been removed, was dispensed into wells, and incubated in a 5% CO2 incubator at 37°C for 24 hours. After washing with PBS and removing the PBS, 500 μL of Trizol was dispensed, followed by 5 minutes of incubation RT. Then, by precise pipetting, all cells attached to the plate were removed, the upper layer was transferred to an e-tube, and stored at -80°C.

[0147] <5-4> Extracting mRNA from Trizol samples mRNA extraction was carried out as described in sections 5-2 and 5-3 above. The experiment was conducted according to the Direct-zol™ RNA MiniPrep Kits protocol, with centrifugation performed at an intensity of 12,000 rpm.

[0148] The RNA concentration extracted according to the kit protocol was measured using nanodrop, and the samples were stored at -80°C after measurement.

[0149] <5-5> Progress of qRT-PCR cDNA synthesis was carried out using the mRNA extracted in step 5-4 above, following the superscript IV first strand synthesis protocol. The synthesized cDNA was used for real-time PCR with the primers shown in Table 10 below. Real-time PCR was performed using RealHelix. TM The Premier qPCR Kit (SYBR Green with high ROX, Cat No., PQH-S500) was used with a StepOnePlus Real-Time PCR System (Applied Biosystems / US). Real-time PCR was performed under the following conditions: 95°C, 10 minutes, 95°C, 15 seconds, 60°C, 1 minute, 95°C, 15 seconds.

[0150] [Table 10]

[0151] As a result, as shown in Figure 6, it was confirmed that the expression level of inflammatory cytokines in LPS-induced HGF-1 cells was reduced by treatment with the Koutake extract (NY). This confirmed that the Koutake extract of the present invention is exposed to toxins in bacteria and has an anti-inflammatory effect on inflamed gums.

[0152] As described above, the present invention has been discussed focusing on its preferred embodiments. A person with ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs will understand that it can be embodied in modified forms that do not exceed the essential characteristics of the present invention. Therefore, the disclosed embodiments should be considered from an explanatory rather than restrictive viewpoint. The scope of the present invention is not limited to the foregoing description, but is particularly set forth in the claims, and any differences within an equivalent scope should be interpreted as being included in the present invention. [Industrial applicability]

[0153] This invention relates to a composition for the prevention, improvement, or treatment of oral diseases, which contains a hummus extract as an active ingredient.

Claims

1. A pharmaceutical composition for the prevention or treatment of oral diseases, containing a hummus extract as an active ingredient.

2. The pharmaceutical composition for the prevention or treatment of oral diseases according to claim 1, characterized in that the aforementioned mushroom extract is extracted with a solvent selected from the group consisting of methanol, ethanol, acetone, ethyl acetate, hexane, butanol, methylene chloride, water, or a mixture thereof.

3. The pharmaceutical composition for the prevention or treatment of oral diseases according to claim 1, further comprising bitter melon (Momordica charantia) extract or Japanese apricot (Mume fructus) extract.

4. The pharmaceutical composition for the prevention or treatment of oral diseases according to claim 1, characterized in that the oral disease is any of the following: periodontitis, peri-implantitis, dental caries, gingivitis, halitosis, or oral mucosal ulcer.

5. The pharmaceutical composition for the prevention or treatment of oral diseases according to claim 1, characterized in that the composition inhibits the formation of a biofilm or removes a formed biofilm.

6. The pharmaceutical composition for the prevention or treatment of an oral disease according to claim 1, characterized in that the oral disease is caused by any of the following strains: Porphyromonas gingivalis, Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sobrinus, Streptococcus sanguinis, Aggregatibacter actinomicetemcomitans, and Fusobacterium nucleatum.

7. A food composition for the prevention or improvement of oral diseases, containing a koi mushroom extract as an active ingredient.

8. The food composition for preventing or improving oral diseases according to claim 7, further comprising bitter melon (Momordica charantia) extract or Japanese apricot (Mume Fructus) extract.

9. A quasi-drug composition for the prevention or improvement of oral diseases, containing a koi mushroom extract as an active ingredient.

10. The quasi-drug composition for the prevention or improvement of oral diseases according to claim 9, further comprising bitter melon (Momordica charantia) extract or Japanese apricot (Mume fructus) extract.

11. The quasi-drug composition for preventing or improving oral diseases according to claim 9, characterized in that the quasi-drug is one of toothpaste, mouthwash, oral spray, oral ointment, oral patch, and gum.

12. An antibacterial or anti-inflammatory composition containing a dung beetle extract as an active ingredient.

13. Methods for preventing or treating oral diseases, including the following steps: A step of administering a pharmaceutically effective amount of a composition containing *Koutake* extract as an active ingredient to a target.

14. A composition containing *Koutake* extract as an active ingredient for the prevention or treatment of oral diseases.

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