Devices for bone implants

Abstract

This disclosure relates to a device for defining a bone cavity. The device includes a link member, a reamer, and a guide member. The link member includes at least one rotatable coupling mechanism that connects the guide member and the reamer. The reamer and the guide member are coupled to opposing ends of the link member. The reamer is configured to rotate around a pivot of the guide member. The guide member is configured as the center of rotation. The guide member includes a head portion and a tail portion. The tail portion of the guide member is coupled to an implant.

Description

【Technical Field】 【0001】 The present disclosure relates to a device for a bone implant. More specifically, the present disclosure discloses a device for reaming a cavity around a bone implant. 【Background Art】 【0002】 A person suffering from hip joint undergoes hip replacement surgery. In hip replacement surgery, the hip joint is completely or partially replaced by an artificial implant. 【0003】 Originally, the hip joint includes the femur (thigh bone) connected to the pelvic bone via a ball-and-socket joint. In hip replacement surgery, a stem prosthesis (or implant) is provided to the femur to reinforce the hip joint. A conventional stem prosthesis includes an axially extending stem portion and a neck portion arranged at an angle with respect to the stem portion. The stem prosthesis is inserted into the cavity of the femur. The neck portion indirectly connects the stem portion to the pelvic bone. 【0004】 In about 30% of cases, after inserting the stem prosthesis, an undesirable gap exists between the proximal portion of the stem prosthesis and the femur, and as a result, it is observed that the proximal portion of the stem prosthesis remains unsupported. If such a gap is left unattended, it is likely to cause damage to the implant and / or fracture of the bone (femur). 【0005】 Conventional devices include complex mechanisms and the support around the prosthesis embedded in the bone cavity is limited. 【Summary of the Invention】 【Problems to be Solved by the Invention】 【0006】 Therefore, there is a need for a system with a simple configuration that provides adequate support around the implanted stem prosthesis to define the space between the implant and the bone, while also being easy to use. [Means for solving the problem] 【0007】 This specification describes specific embodiments of the disclosure with reference to the accompanying drawings, but it should be understood that the disclosed embodiments are merely examples of the disclosure and that the disclosure can be embodied in various forms. To avoid complicating the disclosure with unnecessary detail, well-known functions or configurations will not be described in detail. Therefore, the specific structural and functional details disclosed herein should not be interpreted as limiting, but merely as a basis for the claims and as a typical basis for teaching those skilled in the art how to use the disclosure in various substantially arbitrary and appropriately detailed structures. 【0008】 This disclosure relates to a device for defining a bone cavity, comprising a guide member, a reamer, and a link member. The tail portion of the guide member is configured to be inserted into at least one recess of an implant. The opposing ends of the link member include the guide member and the reamer. The reamer is configured to rotate around a pivot of the guide member. The guide member is configured as the center of rotation. The guide member includes a head portion and a tail portion. The tail portion of the guide member is coupled to the implant. 【0009】 The aforementioned features and other features, as well as the advantages of this disclosure, will become even clearer from the following detailed description, with reference to the accompanying drawings. 【0010】 The above summary and the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments will be better understood when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. For illustrative purposes, exemplary configurations of the disclosure are shown in the figures. However, the disclosure is not limited to the specific methods and means disclosed herein. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will understand that the figures are not to a fixed scale. [Brief explanation of the drawing] 【0011】 [Figure 1] This is an isometric view of device 100 according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 2] This is an exploded view of device 100 according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 3] This is an isometric view of a link member 110 of a device 100 according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 4] This is an isometric view of a reamer 120 of device 100 according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 5] This is an isometric view of a guide member 130 of device 100 according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 6] This figure shows a device 100 coupled to an implant 300 embedded in a femur 200 according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 7] This is an illustrative flowchart of a method 700 for operating device 100 according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Modes for carrying out the invention] 【0012】 Before describing the present invention in detail, the definitions of certain words or phrases used throughout this patent document will be clarified: The terms “include” and “comprise,” and their derivatives, mean unrestricted inclusion; the term “or” means inclusive and / or; the phrases “coupled with” and “associated therewith,” and their derivatives, mean include, be included within, interconnect with, contain, be contained within, connect to or with, couple to or with, be communicable with, cooperate with, interleave, juxtapose, be proximate to, be bound to or It can mean "with," "have a property of," etc.; definitions of certain words and phrases are given throughout this patent document, and it will be understood by those skilled in the art that such definitions apply to the past and future use of the defined words and phrases in most, if not most, cases. 【0013】 Throughout this specification, any reference to “one embodiment,” “an embodiment,” or similar expressions means that the specific features, structure, or characteristics described in relation to that embodiment are included in at least one embodiment. Therefore, wherever the phrases “in one embodiment,” “in an embodiment,” and similar expressions appear throughout this specification, they do not necessarily all refer to the same embodiment, but may mean “one or more, but not all, embodiments,” unless expressly specified otherwise. Lists of items are not, unless expressly specified otherwise, meant that any or all of the items are mutually exclusive and / or mutually exclusive. Also, the terms “a,” “an,” and “the” mean “one or more,” unless expressly specified otherwise. 【0014】 The operations of exemplary embodiments of the disclosed methods may be described in a specific sequential order for convenience of explanation, but it should be understood that the disclosed embodiments may include orders of operations other than the specific sequential order disclosed. For example, operations described sequentially may be rearranged or performed simultaneously. Furthermore, the descriptions and disclosures provided in relation to one particular embodiment are not limited to that embodiment and may apply to any embodiment disclosed herein. Furthermore, for brevity, the accompanying drawings may not show the various ways in which the disclosed systems, methods, and apparatus can be used in combination with other systems, methods, and apparatus. 【0015】 Furthermore, the features, advantages, and characteristics described in the examples can be combined in any suitable manner. Those skilled in the art will recognize that the examples can be carried out without using one or more of the specific features or advantages of a particular example. In other examples, additional features and advantages that are not present in all examples may be recognized in a particular example. Such features and advantages of the examples will become more readily apparent from the following description and assigned claims, or can be known by carrying out the examples described below. 【0016】 In the context of this disclosure, "gap" refers to the space between the bone and the implant after the implant has been inserted. The term "cavity" refers to the reshaped or redefined gap into which a reinforcing material is inserted. Typically, the dimensions of the cavity correspond to the dimensions of the reinforcing material. 【0017】 The device of the present invention is described in the context of the femur of a patient undergoing hip surgery. However, at least some embodiments of the present disclosure may be more suitable for use in the context of humeral implants for shoulder surgery. The configuration of the device in such embodiments may be substantially the same as described below, but the overall size and shape of the device may be configured to allow operation in the humeral region rather than the femur. At least some embodiments of the present invention may also be more suitable for use in the context of (distal) femoral or tibial implants for knee surgery. 【0018】 This disclosure discloses a device used to define a cavity within bone that corresponds to a measurement of a reinforcing material inserted into the cavity surrounding a bone implant (or implant). 【0019】 Next, referring to the drawings, FIG. 1 shows an exemplary embodiment of the device 100, and FIG. 2 shows an exploded view of the device 100. The device 100 is configured to define a cavity corresponding to the measured value of the reinforcement within the femur around the implant. Typically, the gap left inside the femur after the implant is inserted may be non-uniform or have different dimensions for each individual. If this gap is not filled, it may lead to damage to the implant and / or fracture of the bone (femur). Therefore, the device 100 is used to reform or reconstruct the dimensions of the gap according to the dimensions of the reinforcement or other filling means disposed within the femur 200. The device 100 performs a milling operation within a precise area and is used to reform or reconstruct the gap that defines the cavity within the femur 200. 【0020】 The device 100 includes a proximal side 100a and a distal side 100b. The device 100 includes a link member 110, a reamer 120, and a guide member 130. 【0021】 The link member 110 includes a first end 110a and a second end 110b. At least one end of the link member 110 includes at least one rotatable coupling mechanism. The rotatable coupling mechanism couples the link member 110 to the reamer 120 and / or the guide member 130. In one embodiment, the opposite ends of the link member 110 that include the rotatable coupling mechanism are coupled to the reamer 120 and the guide member 130. The link member 110 can be of any suitable shape, such as a cube, sphere, cylinder, trapezoid, etc. In one embodiment, the link member 110 has a trapezoidal shape with rounded corners. The link member 110 can be manufactured from any suitable biocompatible material, such as titanium, CoCr, stainless steel, or any other metal alloy. In one embodiment, the link member 110 is manufactured from SS17-4PH. 【0022】 In an exemplary embodiment showing an assembly of a link member 110, a reamer 120, and a guide member 130, the opening is provided with the link member 110. The link member 110 includes at least two openings. In one embodiment, the at least two openings include a first opening 111 and a second opening 112. The first opening 111 and the second opening 112 extend from a first surface 113 of the link member 110 to a second surface (not shown). The first opening 111 and the second opening 112 can be positioned at predetermined positions along the length of the link member 110. In one embodiment, the first opening 111 is disposed toward the first end 110a of the link member 110, and the second opening 112 is disposed toward the second end 110b of the link member 110. Thus, the first opening 111 and the second opening 112 are separated by a predetermined distance for milling the bone surrounding the proximal portion of the stem. This predetermined distance varies depending on the diameter of the implant stem and the anatomical structure of the patient's bone. 【0023】 The diameters of the first opening 111 and the second opening 112 may be equal or different. In one embodiment, the first opening 111 includes a reduced diameter compared to the second opening 112. The diameter of the first opening 111 is at least 5 mm. The diameter of the second opening 112 is at least 5 mm. The first opening 111 and the second opening 112 can include a smooth inner surface, a threaded inner surface, or a semi-threaded inner surface. In one embodiment, the first opening 111 and the second opening 112 include a smooth inner surface. Optionally, the first opening 111 and the second opening 112 may be tapered. 【0024】 In an exemplary embodiment, the link member 110 can include a length adjustment mechanism for adjusting the distance between the first opening 111 and the second opening 112. The length adjustment mechanism can provide a variable length adjustment option to the surgeon during the procedure. 【0025】 The first opening 111 of the link member 110 is configured to allow at least a portion of the reamer 120 to pass through. The second opening 112 of the link member 110 is configured to allow the guide member 130 to pass through. 【0026】 In one embodiment, the first opening 111 or the second opening 112, or both, include a rotating mechanism. For example, the first opening 111 includes a rotating mechanism that facilitates the rotation of the reamer 120. The rotating mechanism includes, but is not limited to, a bush, a bearing, etc. The rotating mechanism configures the reamer 120 to be rotatably coupled to the first opening 111 of the link member 110. In one embodiment, the reamer 120 and the first opening 111 are coupled to the link member 110 using a bearing (not shown). 【0027】 Alternatively, the first opening 111 and the second opening 112 may include other configurations to facilitate the connection of the reamer 120 and the guide member 130 with the link member 110. For example, the openings may include snap-fit ​​or groove-fit grooves configured to receive at least a portion of the reamer 120 or the guide member 130. 【0028】 Reamer 120 includes, but is not limited to, cylindrical reamers, tapered reamers, expansion reamers, and adjustable reamers. In one embodiment, reamer 120 is a cylindrical reamer. Reamer 120 includes an adapter 121, a shank 122, and a groove 123 (Figure 4). The upper part of reamer 120 includes the adapter 121, and the lower part of reamer 120 includes the groove 123 and the shank 122 between them. The adapter 121, shank 122, and groove 123 can form a single unit, or the reamer 120 can be formed by including a coupling mechanism. In one embodiment, reamer 120 is a single unit including the adapter 121, shank 122, and groove 123. Reamer 120 can be manufactured from any suitable biocompatible material, such as stainless steel, titanium, CoCr, or any other metal alloy. 【0029】 The shank portion 122 is operably coupled to a rotation mechanism contained inside the first opening 111 of the link member 110. This coupling allows the reamer 120 to rotate relative to the link member 110. 【0030】 In one exemplary embodiment, the reamer 120 includes an outer casing coupled to a link member 110, which covers at least a portion of the reamer 120. In one embodiment, the outer casing covers the shank portion 122 of the reamer 120. The casing includes a suitable coupling mechanism so that the reamer 120 can rotate freely within the casing. For unrestricted reaming or milling operations, the groove portion 123 of the reamer 120 extends from the casing. 【0031】 The adapter 121 of the reamer 120 is coupled to an external rotating mechanism, such as a power tool (not shown). The external rotating mechanism enables the rotation of the reamer 120. While the reamer 120 is rotating, the link member 110 remains stationary due to a rotational coupling provided between the first opening 111 and the reamer 120. 【0032】 The diameter of the groove 123 may vary depending on the width of the cavity to be reamed. In one embodiment, the groove 123 can be removably coupled to the shank 122. A groove 123 of an appropriate diameter can be coupled while the femur is being reamed. Alternatively, the groove 123 may have a uniform diameter or include a tapered diameter. 【0033】 The second opening 112 of the link member 110 is connected to the guide member 130 using any suitable mechanism, such as a snap fit or press fit. In one embodiment, the guide member 130 and the link member 110 are connected using a press fit mechanism. The guide member 130 can be of any suitable shape. In one embodiment, the guide member 130 is cylindrical. The guide member 130 can be manufactured from any suitable biocompatible material, such as stainless steel, titanium, CoCr, or any other metal alloy. 【0034】 The guide member 130 includes a head portion 131 and a tail portion 132. In one embodiment, the guide member 130 is rotatably coupled to the link member 110 via a second opening 112. The second opening 112 may include any suitable mechanism to facilitate rotational coupling with the guide member 130. Such mechanism may include, for example, a bearing or a bushing. In one embodiment, the second opening 112 includes a bearing (not shown). The second opening 112 acts as a pivot point for the device 100 that rotates around the implant 300 inside the bone cavity. 【0035】 Furthermore, the link member 110 may include a height adjustment mechanism so that the link member 110 is inserted into the implant 300 at a desired level. In one embodiment, the height adjustment mechanism includes a stopper 133. The stopper 133 can be positioned at any suitable location along the length of the link member 110 (Figure 5). The stopper 133 resists further movement of the link member 110 beyond a preset length. 【0036】 At least a portion of the guide member 130 is configured to connect with the implant 300. In one embodiment, the tail portion 132 of the guide member 130 is connected with the implant 300 (Figure 6). The guide member 130 and the implant 300 can be connected using any suitable method, such as snap-fit, press-fit, friction-fit, fastening, or screw mechanism. In one embodiment, the guide member 130 and the implant 300 are connected using a screw mechanism. In one embodiment, the tail portion 132 of the guide member 130 is configured to be inserted into at least a portion of the recess of the implant 300. As shown in Figure 6, the guide member 130 is connected to the recess of the implant 300 embedded in the bone 200. 【0037】 Figure 6 shows an exemplary embodiment of an assembly comprising an exemplary implant 300, a femur 200, and a device 100. As can be understood, after implantation of the implant 300, the device 100 is attached to the implant 300 to ream the cavity to a size corresponding to the size of a reinforcing material to be inserted into the cavity. In one embodiment, a reinforcing material of appropriate size is selected by the surgeon according to the size of the femur. Alternatively, a reinforcing material of standard size can be used. Although Figure 6 shows one embodiment of the implant, the device of this disclosure can also be used with other known implants. 【0038】 The tail portion 132 of the guide member 130 is inserted into at least a portion of the recess of the implant 300, and the reamer 120 is positioned adjacent to the outside of the implant. The link member 110 that supports these two is optionally positioned on top of the implant 300. The method of reaming the cavity is described below with reference to Figure 7. 【0039】 Figure 7 shows a flowchart of a method 700 for operating device 100 to ream a cavity of a desired size according to one embodiment. Device 100 is used to ream bone, for example, a femur 200. 【0040】 In step 701, when the surgeon notices a gap between the implant 100 and the femur 200 and feels the need for it, the device 100 is coupled to the implant 300. The surgeon positions the tail portion 132 of the guide member 130 inside the recess of the implant 300. 【0041】 Step 702 is performed at the surgeon's discretion, as the link member 110 may or may not include a length adjustment mechanism. After joining the device 100, the surgeon adjusts the length of the link member 110 so that the groove 123 of the reamer 120 is positioned in the gap between the implant 300 and the femur 200. First, a reamer 120 with a slender dimension may be selected so that it can be easily inserted into the gap between the implant 300 and the bone. 【0042】 In step 703, the adapter 121 of the reamer 120 is connected to an external rotating mechanism such as an electric drill. The external rotating mechanism rotates the reamer 120 and the groove 123 to activate the reaming operation. The surgeon reshapes the gap within the femur 200 and forms a cavity that can be filled by inserting a reinforcing material. 【0043】 In step 704, the surgeon may insert at least one trial reinforcement into the cavity to verify and select the appropriate trial reinforcement. The surgeon may repeat this step by inserting trial reinforcements of different thicknesses one by one until the optimal trial reinforcement is selected. The reinforcement corresponding to the optimal trial reinforcement is selected. By selecting a reinforcement of the appropriate dimensions according to this procedure, the cavity is properly filled and the lifespan of the implant 300 is guaranteed. The thickness of the trial reinforcement may be in the range of 5 mm to 10 mm, or can be specified separately. 【0044】 In step 705, the device 100 and implant 300 are released by loosening a fastener (not shown). Furthermore, an appropriate reinforcing material is selected. 【0045】 In step 706, the reinforcing material is bonded / inserted into the cavity. After the reinforcing material is inserted, the surgeon uses a clamp to bond the reinforcing material to the implant 300. 【0046】 Thus, milling devices greatly simplify complex procedures, assisting in reaming cavities to the required dimensions, into which reinforcing materials are subsequently inserted to support the stem prosthesis. 【0047】 The scope of the present invention is limited only by the appended claims. More generally, it will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art that all parameters, dimensions, materials, and configurations described herein are illustrative, and the actual parameters, dimensions, materials, and / or configurations will depend on one or more specific applications in which the teachings of the present invention are used.

Claims

[Claim 1] A device (100) for defining a bone cavity, a. A link member (110) including at least one rotatable coupling mechanism provided toward at least one end of the link member (110), b. Reamer (120) and, c. A guide member (130) comprising a head portion (131) and a tail portion (132), configured as a rotation center point, wherein the tail portion (132) of the guide member (130) is configured to connect with the implant (300), and Equipped with, The reamer (120) and the guide member (130) are connected to opposing ends of the link member (110). The reamer (120) is configured to rotate around the rotation center point of the guide member (130) in the device (100). [Claim 2] The device (100) according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the link member (110), the reamer (120), and the guide member (130) is made from a biocompatible material. [Claim 3] The device (100) according to claim 1, wherein the link member (110) includes a first opening (111) and a second opening (112). [Claim 4] The device (100) according to claim 3, wherein the first opening (111) and the second opening (112) include a rotating mechanism. [Claim 5] The device (100) according to claim 4, wherein the rotating mechanism includes one of a bush or a bearing. [Claim 6] The device (100) according to claim 3, wherein the first opening (111) and the second opening (112) include grooves for a grooved or snap-fit. [Claim 7] The device (100) according to claim 3, wherein the first opening (111) and the second opening (112) include one of a smooth inner surface, a threaded inner surface, or a partially threaded inner surface. [Claim 8] The device (100) according to claim 3, wherein at least one of the first opening (111) and the second opening (112) is tapered. [Claim 9] The device (100) according to claim 1, wherein the reamer (120) comprises an adapter (121), a groove (123), and a shank (122) between them, and the adapter (121) is coupled to an external rotating mechanism that enables the rotation of the reamer (120).

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