Simulation method and system based on identification of rock mass structural surfaces and prediction of mechanical parameters

Abstract

The simulation method and system disclosed in this invention, based on the identification of rock mass structural surfaces and prediction of mechanical parameters, includes the steps of: acquiring multiscale rock mass structural surface data and rock mass physical and mechanical parameters at the tunnel construction site; constructing a tunnel construction numerical calculation model based on the multiscale rock mass structural surface data; inputting the rock mass physical and mechanical parameters into the tunnel construction numerical calculation model and performing a numerical simulation of tunnel excavation; acquiring real-time excavation parameters of the construction machine during the simulation process; acquiring predicted physical and mechanical parameters of the rock mass ahead of the excavation point based on the real-time excavation parameters of the construction machine and a relationship model between the excavation parameters and the rock mass physical and mechanical parameters; and updating the tunnel construction numerical calculation model with the predicted physical and mechanical parameters of the rock mass ahead of the excavation point. Accurate simulation of tunnel excavation is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] (Cross - reference to related applications) This invention claims the priority of a Chinese patent application with an application number of 202310825839.8 and an invention title of "Simulation Method and System Based on Identification of Rock Mass Structural Planes and Prediction of Mechanical Parameters", which was filed with the China National Intellectual Property Administration on July 6, 2023. All of its content is incorporated herein by reference for all purposes and constitutes a part of this invention.

[0002] This invention relates to the technical field of geotechnical modeling and numerical simulation, and particularly to a simulation method and system based on the identification of rock mass structural planes and the prediction of mechanical parameters.

Background Art

[0003] The description of this part only shows information on the background art related to this invention and does not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0004] In tunnel and underground engineering projects, there are a large number of structural planes such as faults, soft intermediate layers, cracks, joints, etc., and the engineering structure is extremely complex. Geological bodies in nature show strong regularity in time and space after a long historical evolution. However, due to the existence of special geological phenomena such as faults, folds, and pinch - outs, geological characteristics also have obvious complexity, differences, and uncertainties. Therefore, the geological space is a non - intuitive, discontinuous, inhomogeneous, and non - parametric three - dimensional space.

[0005] The multi - scale structural planes of rock masses are mainly obtained by methods such as borehole exploration and physical exploration. During modeling, it is usually necessary to integrate various formats of data obtained by different exploration methods. Currently, when conducting geological simulation, it is common to establish a corresponding three - dimensional geological model from the obtained structural plane data based on parametric modeling techniques, the combination of cross - sectional geological maps and planar geological maps, multi - layer DEMs - QTP polyhedron hybrid data, etc., and then carry out geological simulation.

[0006] Rock masses consist of rock and structural surfaces. Numerical simulations of tunnel and underground engineering projects typically use only one set of physical and mechanical parameters, or distinguish between identical rock layers based solely on the degree of weathering or fracturing. The changes in rock mass physical and mechanical parameters due to the influence of structural surfaces are not considered, resulting in inaccurate simulation results that fail to accurately reflect the actual morphology and attributes of the geological body. [Overview of the Initiative]

[0007] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a simulation method and system based on the identification of rock mass structural surfaces and the prediction of mechanical parameters, and in the numerical simulation process of tunnel excavation, predictive physical and mechanical parameters of the rock mass ahead of the excavation point are obtained, and the tunnel construction numerical calculation model is updated with the predicted physical and mechanical parameters, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the numerical simulation of tunnel excavation.

[0008] To achieve the above objective, the present invention employs the following technical solutions.

[0009] In the first mode, The steps include obtaining multiscale structural surface data and physical and mechanical parameters of the rock mass at the tunnel construction site, The steps include constructing a numerical simulation model for tunnel construction based on multiscale structural surface data of rock mass, The steps include inputting rock mass physical mechanics parameters into a tunnel construction numerical simulation model and performing a numerical simulation of tunnel excavation, The simulation process includes a step of obtaining real-time excavation parameters of the construction machinery, The steps include obtaining predicted physical dynamics parameters of the rock mass ahead of the drilling point based on real-time drilling parameters of the construction machine and a relationship model between the drilling parameters and rock mass physical dynamics parameters, The present invention provides a simulation method based on the identification of rock mass structural surfaces and the prediction of mechanical parameters, including the step of updating a tunnel construction numerical calculation model with predicted physical and mechanical parameters of the rock mass ahead of the excavation point.

[0010] In the second embodiment, A data acquisition module for obtaining multiscale structural surface data of the rock mass and rock mass physical and mechanical parameters at the tunnel construction site, A model building module for constructing a tunnel construction numerical calculation model based on rock mass multiscale structural surface data, The present invention provides a simulation system based on the identification of rock mass structural surfaces and prediction of mechanical parameters, comprising: a numerical simulation module for tunnel excavation that inputs rock mass physical and mechanical parameters into a tunnel construction numerical calculation model, performs a numerical simulation of tunnel excavation, acquires real-time excavation parameters of the construction machinery during the simulation process, acquires predicted physical and mechanical parameters of the rock mass ahead of the excavation point based on the real-time excavation parameters of the construction machinery and a relationship model between the excavation parameters and rock mass physical and mechanical parameters, and updates the tunnel construction numerical calculation model with the predicted physical and mechanical parameters of the rock mass ahead of the excavation point.

[0011] In a third embodiment, an electronic device is provided that includes a memory, a processor, and computer commands stored in the memory and executed by the processor, wherein when the computer commands are executed by the processor, it completes the steps described in a simulation method based on the identification of a rock mass structure and the prediction of mechanical parameters.

[0012] In a fourth embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, which is used to store computer commands, and when the computer commands are executed by a processor, it completes the steps described in a simulation method based on the identification of rock mass structures and the prediction of mechanical parameters.

[0013] Compared to the conventional technology, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0014] 1. In this invention, when performing numerical simulations of tunnel excavation, changes in rock mass physical and mechanical parameters due to structural influences are taken into consideration. Predicted physical and mechanical parameters of the rock mass ahead of the excavation point are obtained by acquiring real-time excavation parameters. Furthermore, the tunnel construction numerical calculation model is updated using the predicted physical and mechanical parameters of the rock mass ahead of the excavation point, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the numerical simulation of tunnel excavation.

[0015] 2. In this invention, when constructing a numerical simulation model for tunnel construction, the multiscale structural surface is dynamically updated, ensuring that the constructed numerical simulation model for tunnel construction can more accurately simulate the rock mass, thereby guaranteeing the accuracy of the numerical simulation of tunnel excavation.

[0016] The advantages of additional aspects of the present invention are, in part, set forth in the following description, in part, become apparent from the following description, or are understood through the practice of the present invention. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0017] The drawings in the specification, which constitute part of this application, are for the purpose of further understanding this application, and the exemplary embodiments and descriptions herein are for the purpose of interpretation of this application and are not intended to improperly limit this application. [Figure 1] This is a flowchart for updating rock mass physical mechanics parameters in the method disclosed in Example 1. [Figure 2] This is a schematic diagram illustrating the updating of the multiscale structural surface in Example 1. [Figure 3] This is a schematic diagram of the relationship between the drilling parameters and the rock mass physical mechanics parameters disclosed in Example 1. [Figure 4] This is a schematic diagram of the determination of the timing for updating rock mass physical mechanics parameters disclosed in Example 1. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0018] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the drawings and embodiments.

[0019] It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to further explain the present application. Unless otherwise indicated, all technical terms and scientific terms used in this specification have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the technical field to which the present invention pertains.

[0020] Example 1 In this example, a simulation method based on the identification of rock mass multi-scale structural planes and the prediction of mechanical parameters is disclosed. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the method includes the following steps.

[0021] S1: Obtain the rock mass multi-scale structural plane data and rock mass physical and mechanical parameters at the tunnel construction location.

[0022] The multi-scale structural planes mainly include five types: faults, bedding slips, weak intermediate layers, bedding planes, joints and cracks. The acquisition methods and data contents are shown in Table 1.

[0023] Table 1 Data acquisition methods for multi-scale structural planes

Table 1

[0024] The accuracy classification of the above multi-scale structural planes is shown in FIG. 2.

[0025] The obtained rock mass physical and mechanical parameters include parameters such as the density of the rock, elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio, cohesion and internal friction angle.

[0026] Step S2 of constructing a tunnel construction numerical calculation model based on the rock mass multi-scale structural plane data is The step of constructing a three-dimensional geological model of the rock mass multi-scale structural plane based on the rock mass multi-scale structural plane data, and This includes the steps of meshing the constructed three-dimensional geological model and constructing and obtaining a numerical calculation model for tunnel construction.

[0027] To ensure the accuracy of the three-dimensional geological model of the rock mass multiscale structural surface, when constructing the three-dimensional geological model of the rock mass multiscale structural surface, first, an initial three-dimensional geological model of the rock mass multiscale structural surface is constructed based on the rock mass multiscale structural surface data. Next, a progressive exploration method is used to obtain large and medium-scale structural surface parameters of the rock mass during the tunnel excavation process and to obtain information on the occurrence of the rock mass structural surface. Finally, the initial three-dimensional geological model is modified using the large and medium-scale structural surface parameters of the rock mass and the information on the occurrence of the rock mass structural surface to obtain the final three-dimensional geological model of the rock mass multiscale structural surface.

[0028] In the specific implementation, the rock mass multiscale structural surface data obtained in Step 1 will be standardized based on methods such as the deviation method, log function method, arctangent function method, and standard deviation method to construct a standardized database of multiscale structural surfaces and various data sources.

[0029] Based on fundamental topographic and geological information of the engineering project, an established standardized database is introduced and imported into EVS (Earth Volumetric Studio) software to establish an initial three-dimensional geological model of the rock mass multiscale structural surface, including the multiscale structural surface.

[0030] For large-scale structural surfaces such as faults, interlayer slips, and soft intermediate layers, progressive exploration methods such as geological surveys, integrated geophysical surveys, and borehole television are used to dynamically acquire information such as morphology, location, and scale. The spatial location and occurrence of large-scale structural surfaces within the geological model are then progressively corrected according to the priority of exploration accuracy, i.e., the accuracy of the exploration method. For example, in the case of a fault, the approximate area is first determined by remote sensing, then the stratigraphy and occurrence of the fault are determined by airborne time-domain electromagnetic surveys, and finally the fault boundary is determined by geophysical surveys or boring surveys.

[0031] For small-scale structural surfaces such as layer planes, joints, and cracks, the tunnel construction is periodically explored using methods such as laser scanning and borehole television to obtain information on the occurrence of the structural surfaces, including the angle of inclination, direction of inclination, trace length, interval, and number of groups. A clustering analysis method is used to obtain the dominant structural surface group for each structural surface area, and the occurrence parameters for the structural surface area are obtained based on the dominant structural surface group. The small-scale structural surfaces of the structural surface area are then updated based on the occurrence parameters.

[0032] Because joints and cracks within rock layers are complex, it is necessary to obtain the structural surface-dominant group, which is the most prevalent crack loop, using statistical methods (clustering analysis). Based on this group, it is possible to statistically determine occurrence parameters that can represent most of the joints and cracks within the rock layer, and this can be used as joint and crack data for that region.

[0033] An initial three-dimensional geological model of the rock mass multiscale structural surface is meshed to establish a tunnel construction numerical calculation model, and the mesh may be tetrahedron or hexahedron. By adjusting the size of the mesh units, the mesh is made denser in the structural surface areas and sparser in the structural surface areas of the rock mass that are not structural surfaces. When the initial three-dimensional geological model is modified in real time based on the large and medium-scale structural surface parameters of the rock mass and the occurrence information of the rock mass structural surface, the mesh of the modified model is re-meshed to obtain an updated numerical calculation model.

[0034] S3: Input the rock mass physical and mechanical parameters into the tunnel construction numerical calculation model, perform a numerical simulation of tunnel excavation, and during the simulation process, acquire real-time excavation parameters of the construction machinery, acquire predicted physical and mechanical parameters of the rock mass ahead of the excavation point based on the real-time excavation parameters of the construction machinery and the relationship model between the excavation parameters and the rock mass physical and mechanical parameters, and update the tunnel construction numerical calculation model with the predicted physical and mechanical parameters of the rock mass ahead of the excavation point.

[0035] Here, the relationship model between the drilling parameters and the rock mass physical dynamics parameters is constructed based on the XGBoost model, as shown in Figure 3, with the drilling parameters of the construction machine as input and the predicted physical dynamics parameters of the rock mass ahead of the drilling point as output.

[0036] The construction machinery may include construction equipment used at tunnel construction sites, such as rock excavation rigs, TBMs, and shield machines.

[0037] If the construction machine is a rock drilling rig, the construction parameters include rotational pressure, thrust pressure, impact pressure, water pressure, and water flow rate.

[0038] If the construction machine is a TBM, the construction parameters include thrust, cutter head torque, and cutter head rotation speed.

[0039] If the construction machine is a shield machine, the construction parameters include thrust, cutter head torque, cutter head rotation speed, and working chamber pressure.

[0040] The existing construction parameters of the construction machinery and the corresponding rock mass physical and mechanical parameters ahead of the drilling point are acquired and used as training data. An XGBoost model is constructed using the drilling parameters of the construction machinery as input and the predicted rock mass physical and mechanical parameters as output. The trained model represents the relationship between the drilling parameters and the rock mass physical and mechanical parameters.

[0041] In the numerical simulation process for tunnel excavation, the excavation parameters of the construction machinery are acquired in real time, and these acquired real-time excavation parameters are input into a relationship model between the excavation parameters and the rock mass physical dynamics parameters to obtain predicted physical dynamics parameters of the rock mass ahead of the excavation point at the corresponding time.

[0042] The rock mass physics parameters ahead of the excavation point in the constructed tunnel construction numerical calculation model are replaced with predicted rock mass physics parameters ahead of the excavation point, thereby correcting the tunnel construction numerical calculation model.

[0043] When updating the tunnel construction numerical calculation model using predicted physical and mechanical parameters of the bedrock ahead of the excavation point, The tunnel construction numerical simulation model was updated using predicted physical dynamics parameters of the bedrock ahead of the excavation point, and numerical simulations of tunnel excavation were performed using the updated model to obtain the numerical simulation results. The difference between the numerical simulation results obtained using the updated model and the numerical simulation results obtained using the unupdated model is calculated. If the difference exceeds the set error threshold, the tunnel construction numerical calculation model is updated using the predicted physical and mechanical parameters of the rock mass ahead of the excavation point. If the difference is smaller than the set error threshold, the tunnel construction numerical calculation model will not be updated.

[0044] The specific process for determining whether to update the physical dynamics parameters in the tunnel construction numerical calculation model with the predicted physical dynamics parameters of the bedrock ahead of the excavation point is shown in Figure 4. As shown in Figure 4, calculations are performed for the following three situations.

[0045] (1) After performing a numerical simulation of the i-th tunnel excavation, predictive physical and mechanical parameters B of the bedrock ahead of the excavation point of the i-th excavation are obtained.

[0046] (2) A numerical simulation of the j-th tunnel excavation is performed using a tunnel construction numerical calculation model with physical and mechanical parameters A, and the results of the j-th numerical simulation and the predicted physical and mechanical parameters of the bedrock ahead of the excavation point of the j-th tunnel are obtained.

[0047] (3) The physical dynamics parameters in the tunnel construction numerical calculation model are updated with the predicted physical dynamics parameter B of the bedrock ahead of the drilling point of the i-th excavation, so that the updated physical dynamics parameters of the model become B, and a numerical simulation of the j-th tunnel excavation is performed using the updated model to obtain the numerical simulation result for the j-th.

[0048] (4) Calculate the difference between the numerical simulation results obtained in (3) and the numerical simulation results obtained in (2). If the difference is smaller than the set error threshold, perform a numerical simulation of the next excavation using the model whose physical and mechanical parameters have not been updated, that is, perform a numerical simulation of the j-th tunnel excavation using the tunnel construction numerical calculation model with physical and mechanical parameters A. If the difference is greater than or equal to the set error threshold, update the physical and mechanical parameters in the tunnel construction numerical calculation model using the predicted physical and mechanical parameters B of the bedrock ahead of the excavation point of the i-th excavation, and perform a numerical simulation of the j-th tunnel excavation using the updated model.

[0049] (5) A numerical simulation of the kth tunnel excavation is performed using a tunnel construction numerical calculation model with physical and mechanical parameters A, and the results of the kth numerical simulation and the predicted physical and mechanical parameters of the bedrock ahead of the excavation point of the kth tunnel are obtained.

[0050] (6) The physical dynamics parameters in the tunnel construction numerical calculation model are updated with the predicted physical dynamics parameter B of the rock mass ahead of the excavation point of the j-th excavation, so that the physical dynamics parameters of the updated model become B, and a numerical simulation of the k-th tunnel excavation is performed using the updated model to obtain the numerical simulation result for the k-th tunnel.

[0051] (7) Calculate the difference between the numerical simulation results obtained in (5) and the numerical simulation results obtained in (6). If the difference is smaller than the set error threshold, perform a numerical simulation of the next excavation using the model whose physical and mechanical parameters have not been updated, that is, perform a numerical simulation of the k-th tunnel excavation using the tunnel construction numerical calculation model with physical and mechanical parameters A. If the difference is greater than or equal to the set error threshold, update the physical and mechanical parameters in the tunnel construction numerical calculation model using the predicted physical and mechanical parameters B of the rock mass ahead of the excavation point of the j-th excavation, perform a numerical simulation of the k-th tunnel excavation using the updated model, and continue the calculation for subsequent excavation steps.

[0052] By comparing calculation results before and after parameter updates, the differences in calculation results can be analyzed. By setting an error threshold, determining an appropriate preliminary calculation step size and update criteria for rock mass physical mechanics parameters, and obtaining the optimal timing for updating rock mass physical mechanics parameters, the accuracy of the numerical simulation of tunnel excavation can be guaranteed, as can the timeliness of the numerical simulation of tunnel excavation, eliminating the need to perform simulations after excavation is completed or after relatively complete geological data is available, as in conventional methods.

[0053] The method disclosed in this embodiment, when performing numerical simulations of tunnel excavation, takes into account changes in rock mass physical and mechanical parameters due to the influence of structural surfaces, predicts and obtains predicted physical and mechanical parameters of the rock mass ahead of the excavation point by acquiring real-time excavation parameters, and further updates the tunnel construction numerical calculation model with the predicted physical and mechanical parameters of the rock mass ahead of the excavation point, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the numerical simulation of tunnel excavation. In addition, when constructing the tunnel construction numerical calculation model, the multiscale structural surfaces are dynamically updated, ensuring that the constructed tunnel construction numerical calculation model can simulate the rock mass more faithfully, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the numerical simulation of tunnel excavation.

[0054] Example 2 In other cases, A data acquisition module for obtaining multiscale structural surface data of the rock mass and rock mass physical and mechanical parameters at the tunnel construction site, A model building module for constructing a tunnel construction numerical calculation model based on rock mass multiscale structural surface data, Disclosed is a simulation system based on the identification of rock mass structural surfaces and prediction of mechanical parameters, comprising: a numerical simulation module for tunnel excavation, which inputs rock mass physical and mechanical parameters into a tunnel construction numerical calculation model, performs a numerical simulation of tunnel excavation, acquires real-time excavation parameters of the construction machinery during the simulation process, acquires predicted physical and mechanical parameters of the rock mass ahead of the excavation point based on the real-time excavation parameters of the construction machinery and a relationship model between the excavation parameters and rock mass physical and mechanical parameters, and updates the tunnel construction numerical calculation model with the predicted physical and mechanical parameters of the rock mass ahead of the excavation point.

[0055] Example 3 In this embodiment, we disclose an electronic device comprising memory, a processor, and computer commands stored in the memory and executed by the processor, wherein when the computer commands are executed by the processor, the device completes the steps described in the simulation method based on the identification of rock structure surfaces and prediction of mechanical parameters disclosed in Embodiment 1.

[0056] Example 4 In this embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium is disclosed, which is used to store computer commands, and when the computer commands are executed by a processor, completes the steps described in the simulation method based on the identification of rock mass structure surfaces and prediction of mechanical parameters disclosed in Embodiment 1.

[0057] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are merely for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and do not limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs that modifications or equivalent substitutions to specific embodiments of the present invention are still possible. Any modifications or equivalent substitutions made that do not deviate from the spirit and scope of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. The steps include obtaining multiscale structural surface data and physical and mechanical parameters of the rock mass at the tunnel construction site, The steps include constructing a numerical simulation model for tunnel construction based on multiscale structural surface data of rock mass, The steps include inputting rock mass physical mechanics parameters into a tunnel construction numerical simulation model and performing a numerical simulation of tunnel excavation, The simulation process includes a step of obtaining real-time excavation parameters of the construction machinery, The steps include obtaining predicted physical dynamics parameters of the rock mass ahead of the drilling point based on real-time drilling parameters of the construction machine and a relationship model between the drilling parameters and rock mass physical dynamics parameters, A simulation method based on the identification of rock mass structural surfaces and prediction of mechanical parameters, characterized by including the step of updating a tunnel construction numerical calculation model with predicted physical and mechanical parameters of the rock mass ahead of the excavation point.

2. Based on multiscale structural surface data of the rock mass, a three-dimensional geological model of the multiscale structural surface of the rock mass was constructed. A simulation method based on the identification of rock mass structural surfaces and prediction of mechanical parameters according to claim 1, characterized by meshing a constructed three-dimensional geological model and constructing and obtaining a tunnel construction numerical calculation model.

3. The process of constructing a three-dimensional geological model is Based on multiscale structural surface data of the rock mass, an initial three-dimensional geological model of the multiscale structural surface of the rock mass was constructed. Using a progressive exploration method, we obtained large- and medium-scale structural surface parameters of the rock mass during the tunnel excavation process. Obtain information on the occurrence of the bedrock structure surface, The simulation method based on the identification of rock mass structural surfaces and prediction of mechanical parameters according to claim 2, characterized in that an initial three-dimensional geological model is modified using large and medium-scale structural surface parameters of the rock mass and occurrence information of the rock mass structural surface to obtain a final three-dimensional geological model of the rock mass multiscale structural surface.

4. A simulation method based on the identification of rock mass structural surfaces and prediction of mechanical parameters according to claim 3, characterized in that the spatial location and occurrence of large-scale structural surfaces within a geological model are corrected according to the priority of exploration accuracy.

5. A simulation method based on the identification of rock mass structural surfaces and prediction of mechanical parameters, as described in claim 3, characterized by obtaining structural surface dominance groups for each structural surface region using a clustering analysis method, obtaining occurrence parameters for the structural surface region based on the structural surface dominance groups, and updating the small-scale structural surfaces of the structural surface region based on the occurrence parameters.

6. The simulation method based on the identification of rock mass structural surfaces and prediction of mechanical parameters according to claim 1, characterized in that the relationship model between drilling parameters and rock mass physical and mechanical parameters is constructed based on the XGBooster model.

7. When updating the tunnel construction numerical calculation model using predicted physical and mechanical parameters of the bedrock ahead of the excavation point, The tunnel construction numerical simulation model was updated using predicted physical dynamics parameters of the bedrock ahead of the excavation point, and numerical simulations of tunnel excavation were performed using the updated model to obtain the numerical simulation results. The difference between the numerical simulation results obtained using the updated model and the numerical simulation results obtained using the unupdated model is calculated. If the difference exceeds the set error threshold, the tunnel construction numerical calculation model is updated using the predicted physical and mechanical parameters of the rock mass ahead of the excavation point. A simulation method based on the identification of rock mass structural surfaces and prediction of mechanical parameters according to claim 1, characterized in that the tunnel construction numerical calculation model is not updated if the difference is smaller than a set error threshold.

8. A data acquisition module for obtaining multiscale structural surface data of the rock mass and rock mass physical and mechanical parameters at the tunnel construction site, A model building module for constructing a tunnel construction numerical calculation model based on rock mass multiscale structural surface data, A simulation system based on the identification of rock mass structural surfaces and prediction of mechanical parameters, characterized by comprising: a numerical simulation module for tunnel excavation, which inputs rock mass physical and mechanical parameters into a tunnel construction numerical calculation model, performs a numerical simulation of tunnel excavation, acquires real-time excavation parameters of the construction machinery during the simulation process, acquires predicted physical and mechanical parameters of the rock mass ahead of the excavation point based on the real-time excavation parameters of the construction machinery and a relationship model between the excavation parameters and rock mass physical and mechanical parameters, and updates the tunnel construction numerical calculation model with the predicted physical and mechanical parameters of the rock mass ahead of the excavation point.

9. An electronic device comprising memory, a processor, and computer commands stored in memory and executed by the processor, wherein when the computer commands are executed by the processor, the device completes the steps of a simulation method based on the identification of a rock mass structure surface and the prediction of mechanical parameters as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium used for storing computer commands, characterized in that, when the computer commands are executed by a processor, it completes the steps of a simulation method based on the identification of a rock mass structure surface and the prediction of mechanical parameters as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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