Anti-loosening fasteners

Abstract

This invention proposes a fastener for preventing loosening, and is related to the technical field of fastening components. It includes a bolt, a fixing means, and a fixing washer and a first nut sequentially attached to the bolt, the fixing means including a second nut and a groove, at least one groove is formed on the open end side of the threaded portion of the bolt, the second nut is attached to the bolt and is disposed near the head of the bolt and away from the groove of the bolt, the shape and size of the central hole of the fixing washer are consistent with the cross section of the bolt, the fixing washer can be fixed to the bolt, the first nut is disposed away from the head of the bolt, at least two wedge-shaped helical teeth are provided on one side of the contact surface of the first nut and the fixing washer, and engage with the wedge-shaped groove formed on the other side of the contact surface. This invention can prevent the bolt from loosening even under high-frequency vibration and high-temperature environments, and maintain the same strength as standard parts.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of component fasteners, and more particularly to anti-loosening fasteners including bolts, nuts, resilient members and locking washers. [Background technology]

[0002] There are various methods for preventing bolts from loosening. Common methods include inserting a pin between the nut and the bolt to fix them in one place to prevent the nut and the bolt from slipping relative to each other, and using two nuts arranged opposite each other. When such a method for preventing bolts from loosening is used in a specific environment, such as fixing railroad ties and rails, locomotives, automobiles, tanks, armored cars, ships, excavators, shield machines, loaders, subways, high-speed rail, bridges, mining machinery, oil-powered machinery, prefabricated integrated construction of cities, military aerospace, weapons equipment, etc., the fastening parts are highly likely to slip or deform and become loose in high-frequency vibration and high-temperature environments. In addition, as a method for preventing bolts from loosening, there is also a method of welding the nut and the bolt using a welding gun, or a method of fixing the bolt and the nut to the object that supports the bolt using other members. Such a method for preventing bolts from loosening is a disposable structure that is destroyed after one use and cannot be reused, which not only increases the cost of use but also makes repairs difficult. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention provides a fastener that prevents bolts from loosening under high frequency vibration and high temperature conditions, and has the same strength as standard parts.

[0004] A loosening prevention fastener comprising a bolt, a fixing means, and a fixing washer and a first nut sequentially mounted on the bolt, the fixing means including a second nut and a groove, at least one groove being formed on a free end side of the threaded portion of the bolt, the second nut being mounted on the bolt and positioned close to the head of the bolt and away from the bolt groove, the shape and dimensions of a central hole in the fixing washer match the cross section of the bolt, the fixing washer being securable to the bolt, the first nut being positioned away from the head of the bolt, and at least two wedge-shaped helical teeth are provided on one of the contact surfaces of the first nut and the fixing washer which engage with a wedge-shaped groove formed on the other of the contact surfaces.

[0005] The fixing means is a longitudinal groove and a protrusion that engages with the longitudinal groove, the longitudinal groove being provided on the bolt and arranged parallel to the axis of the bolt, and the protrusion being provided on the inside of the fixing washer.

[0006] Furthermore, the wedge-shaped helical teeth are evenly spaced on the surface of the first nut and are radially arranged outward from the center.

[0007] The bolt further includes an elastic member, which is fitted onto the bolt and disposed on a side of the fixing washer closer to the head of the bolt, and which brings the fixing washer and the first nut into close contact with each other.

[0008] The elastic member is an annular washer having a single notch, and two opposing surfaces of the notch are arranged offset from each other. Effect of the Invention

[0009] The present invention utilizes the fastener's own structure to effectively prevent the bolt and the first nut from loosening under high-frequency vibration, low-frequency vibration, or irregular frequency vibration, and high-temperature vibration, low-temperature vibration, high-temperature or low-temperature environments, and has the characteristics of avoiding serious accidents and being able to be used repeatedly. The arrangement of the second nut ensures that the strength of the fastener is consistent with that of the original standard part. After the position of the fixed washer is restricted by the fixing means, once the wedge-shaped helical teeth on the surface of the first nut enter the wedge-shaped groove of the fixed washer, they cannot rotate and come out. This achieves the effect of preventing loosening permanently. The vertical groove provided on the bolt has little effect on the original strength of the bolt, and is combined with the clip of the fixed washer to fix the fixed washer to the bolt. The shape and dimensions of the central hole of the fixed washer are consistent with the cross-sectional shape of the bolt, preventing the fixed washer and the bolt from sliding or displacing. The annular washer has a notch and a deviation, which has elasticity to make the contact between the fixed washer and the first nut closer. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0010] In order to more clearly describe the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions of the existing technology, the following will briefly introduce the drawings necessary for describing the embodiments or the existing technology. It is obvious that the drawings shown in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts. [Figure 1] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of an embodiment of the present invention; [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is a side view of a bolt according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Diagram 3] FIG. 2 is a front view of a bolt according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 4] FIG. 2 is a front view of a fixed washer according to an embodiment of the present invention; [Diagram 5] FIG. 4 is a front view of the first nut. [Figure 6] FIG. [Figure 7] FIG. 13 is a structural diagram of another embodiment of the present invention; [Figure 8] FIG. 11 is a side view of a bolt according to another embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 9] FIG. 11 is a front view of a bolt according to another embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 10] FIG. 2 is a front view of a lock washer according to another embodiment of the present invention, in which: 1-bolt, 11-groove, 12-longitudinal groove, 2-lock washer, 21-wedge groove, 22-protrusion, 3-first nut, 31-wedge helical teeth, 4-second nut, 5-elastic member, 6-lock member, 7-washer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0011] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions with reference to the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described herein are only some embodiments of the present invention, and do not cover all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments that can be obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts are included in the protection scope of the present invention.

[0012] An embodiment of the anti-loosening fastener according to the present invention will be described with reference to Figures 1 to 6. The fastener includes a bolt 1, a fixing means, and a fixing washer 2 and a first nut 3, which are sequentially fitted to the bolt 1. The fixing means includes a second nut 4 and a groove 11, and at least one groove 11 is engraved on the end of the threaded shaft of the bolt 1. The second nut 4 is attached to the bolt 1 and is disposed close to the head of the bolt 1 and away from the groove 11 on the threaded shaft. The shape and dimensions of the central opening of the fixing washer 2 are adapted to the cross-sectional shape of the bolt, so that the fixing washer 2 is fixed to the bolt 1. The first nut 3 is disposed away from the head of the bolt 1, and the contact surface between the first nut 3 and the fixing washer 2 is provided with at least two wedge-shaped inclined teeth 31, and the contact surface between the fixing washer 2 and the first nut 3 is provided with a wedge-shaped groove 21. The two inclined teeth 31 realize the fastening effect, and the more the inclined teeth 31, the more precise the fastening device is, and the deeper the groove of the inclined teeth 31, the more difficult the first nut 3 is to rotate. The first nut 3 is square or hexagonal, and the central hole has an internal thread, and the central hole diameter and internal thread correspond to the screw shaft and external thread of the bolt 1. The installation of the second nut 4 makes the anti-loosening fastener match the bearing strength of the national standard bolt parts. The position of the fixed washer 2 is limited to the fixed member, and once the inclined teeth 31 on the surface of the first nut 3 rotates into the wedge-shaped groove 21 of the fixed washer 2, the rotation will not be released and the fastening will be permanently maintained. The present invention prevents the bolt from loosening under high-frequency vibration and high-temperature environments, and has reusability. In addition, the manufacturing process of the present invention is based on the existing general bolt manufacturing process, and can be manufactured by only slight improvements to the production equipment, which is convenient for popularization.

[0013] Specifically, the shape and size of the hole drilled in the center of the fixed washer 2 is adapted to the cross-sectional shape of the bolt, preventing the fixed washer 2 and the bolt 1 from sliding or moving.

[0014] As shown in FIG. 5, the wedge-shaped helical teeth 31 are evenly spaced on the surface of the first nut 3 and are radially arranged from the center to the outside.

[0015] 6, an elastic washer 5 is also included, and the elastic washer 5 is fitted onto the bolt 1 and is disposed on the head side of the bolt 1 relative to the fixed washer 2. The elastic washer 5 has elasticity to ensure close contact between the fixed washer 2 and the first nut 3. The elastic washer 5 has elasticity to ensure close contact between the fixed washer 2 and the first nut 3.

[0016] As shown in Fig. 6, preferably, the elastic washer 5 is a ring-shaped washer with one groove, which are offset from each other to ensure that the elastic washer 5 makes the contact between the fixed washer 2 and the first nut 3 closer.

[0017] As shown in Figures 7 to 10, in another preferred embodiment, the fixing means can be replaced by a longitudinal groove 12 and a protrusion 22 arranged corresponding to the longitudinal groove 12. The longitudinal groove 12 is arranged on the bolt and is parallel to the axis of the bolt. The protrusion 22 is arranged inside the fixing washer 2. The longitudinal groove 12 on the bolt has less effect on the stress on the standard part from which the bolt 1 is based, and the combination of the fixing washer 2 and the protrusion 22 fixes the fixing washer 2 to the bolt 1. In this embodiment, a washer 7 can also be arranged between the fixing member 6 and the annular washer. This prevents the annular washer from being misaligned and damaging the fixing member 6.

[0018] In one specific embodiment, the installation and use steps are as follows: First, the second nut 4 is tightened, and the second nut 4 exerts a force on the fixing member 6 to compress it and completely fix it. At this time, the second nut 4 is completely fitted on the outer thread of the bolt. Next, the first nut 3 is tightened, and the first nut 3 exerts a force on the fixing washer 2 to compress it, which in turn compresses the elastic washer 5, and the elastic washer 5 further compresses the second nut 4 until it is completely tightened. If the bolt 1 or the first nut 3 loosens, the wedge-shaped helical teeth 31 of the first nut 3 generate a force in the opposite direction to the wedge-shaped groove 21 of the fixing washer 2, preventing the first nut 3 from sliding or moving and loosening. The size and shape of the central hole of the fixing washer 2 are matched to the cross section of the bolt, and the structure of the groove 11 of the bolt prevents the fixing washer 2 from rotating, and the elastic washer 5 is placed between the fixing washer 2 and the second nut 4 to prevent the fixing washer 2 from moving along the bolt. This allows the bolt, elastic washer 5, fixed washer 2 and first nut 3 to lock the fixing member 6, forming an integrated structure that will not loosen, preventing the bolt 1 or first nut 3 from loosening and causing an accidental falling off.

[0019] In another specific embodiment, the installation and use steps are as follows: when the bolt 1 or the first nut 3 is tightened, the first nut 3 exerts a force on the fixed washer 2 to compress it, which then compresses the elastic washer 5 and washer 7, and then the washer 7 compresses the fixing member 6 until it is fully tightened. The size and shape of the central hole of the fixed washer 2 is adapted to the cross section of the bolt, and the protrusion 22 of the fixed washer 2 fits into the longitudinal groove 12 of the bolt, so that the fixed washer 2 is firmly fixed to the bolt and cannot rotate. The structures and functions of the other parts are consistent with the previous embodiment.

[0020] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. a bolt, a fixing means, and a fixing washer and a first nut sequentially attached to the bolt; The fastening means includes a second nut and a groove; At least one groove is formed on the free end side of the threaded portion of the bolt, and the second nut is attached to the bolt and is disposed at a position close to the head of the bolt and away from the groove of the bolt; the shape and size of the central hole of the locking washer corresponds to a cross section of the bolt, the locking washer being securable relative to the bolt; The first nut is positioned at a position away from the head of the bolt, and one of the contact surfaces between the first nut and the fixing washer is provided with at least two wedge-shaped helical teeth that engage with wedge-shaped grooves formed on the other contact surface.

2. 2. The anti-loosening fastener of claim 1, wherein the locking means is a longitudinal groove and a protrusion that engages with the longitudinal groove, the longitudinal groove being provided on the bolt and oriented parallel to the axis of the bolt, and the protrusion being provided on the inside of the locking washer.

3. 3. The anti-loosening fastener according to claim 1, wherein the wedge-shaped helical teeth are evenly spaced on the surface of the first nut and radially arranged from the center outward.

4. 4. The fastener as claimed in claim 3, further comprising an elastic member, the elastic member being fitted onto the bolt and positioned on a side of the fixing washer closer to the head of the bolt, the elastic member bringing the fixing washer and the first nut into close contact with each other.

5. 5. The anti-loosening fastener of claim 4, wherein said resilient member is an annular washer having a notch therein, and two opposing surfaces of said notch are offset from one another.

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