Small, non-powered gravity-opening sliding door for narrow areas

Abstract

To provide a small, power-less gravity-opening sliding door for narrow areas, which opens the door with a gravity-type sliding door mechanism that operates only with a user's foot pressure and can quickly respond to opening and closing. [Solution] In order to allow the door to be opened and closed using the user's own weight as a lever, the structure is such that the upper plate 2 and lower plate 3 are connected by 2 to 4 pantograph-type X-shaped movable shafts of specific dimensions and strength placed in front and behind the opening and closing door, and the step base is freely raised and lowered by the force of stepping on it and raised by the restoring force of a spring-type compression coil spring of a specific shape installed inside, a horizontal fixed rail on which the door's upper hoisting wheel can move freely in the opening and closing directions, a U-shaped inclined running rail 7 with runner rollers 500 to 700 mm long at the bottom of the door that slopes downward in stages in the opening direction, and a push-down force transmission fitting 5 with an operating rod that has at its tip a runner roller 6 that presses against the inner surface of the U-shaped inclined rail in conjunction with the step mechanism part 1.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] This invention relates to a small, battery-free gravity-operated sliding door for narrow areas, which can be operated by the user's foot force alone and operates with the user's weight as the power source when stepping on footplates installed on both sides of the door for an entrance width of 600 to 900 mm and a front-to-back width of 1 to 2 square meters. The door can be opened and closed quickly using gravity-operated sliding door technology. [Background technology]

[0002] Conventionally, a user who stepped on the pedal without using an additional power source such as an electric motor has There are many patent applications for mechanisms that use the load displacement caused by the body weight as a power source to open a sliding door at an entrance / exit.For example, in a load-type door-opening device that uses the displacement caused by stepping on a door to open it, there is a door-opening mechanism that includes a sliding support rail that tilts downward in the direction the door is closed and supports the door, an opening door rail that tilts downward in the direction the door is opened and is fixed inside the door, a sliding member that is in movably contact with the opening door rail, and a lever that converts the downward stepping force applied to the footplate into an upward component force of the sliding member (see Patent Document 1).

[0003] Also, a step structure has been disclosed that is installed over a wide area as a step for a general automatic door, and has a bottom surface fixed to the tread of a staircase, a step surface connected to the bottom surface and inclined relative to the horizontal plane, and a connecting surface that connects the bottom surface and the step surface and is formed approximately flush with the visible surface of the staircase, and is equipped with a strong spring elastic structure that is arranged inside the step structure and elastically connects the step surface and the bottom surface (see Patent Document 2).

[0004] Furthermore, a running device has been proposed that is equipped with an energy storage means consisting of a spring that is compressed as the step descends and returns to its tensioning position when the step reaches or near the end of its descent, and a transmission mechanism that transmits the step's downward movement to the rear wheel via the energy storage means, and is attached to both feet of the rider so that the rider can run by stepping on the step alternately.The running device also has a locking means that engages the step with the frame when the step reaches or near the end of its descent, restricting the step's movement upward, and an unlocking device that releases the locking means as the spring returns to its tensioning position, allowing the step to move upward (see Patent Document 3).

[0005] Furthermore, many tilt opening / closing methods have been proposed for gravity-opening sliding doors that operate without power sources using the weight of the human body, such as the following: In particular, a method has been proposed in which a transmission mechanism is provided that converts the amount of sinking of treads attached to the floor at the front and rear of the sliding door into a predetermined displacement via a lever and transmits it, and the weight balance is set so that the treads are kept in a floating state via the lever when they sink due to the weight of the transmission mechanism and adjustment weight, and the vertical movement of the long transmission member presses a driving rotor against the door-opening rail, allowing the sliding door to be used in large spaces to open horizontally using weight (see Patent Document 3).

[0006] Furthermore, in order to provide an economical device that does not use electricity and that opens and closes the door naturally by simply placing one's weight on the footboard while passing through, a method has been proposed in which a spring is placed on top of a rack, a chain is placed under the rack, a footboard is fixed under the chain, a gear is engaged with the rack, a pulley is fixed to this gear and a belt is attached to another pulley, a wheel is placed on a rail, and one end of the belt is fixed to the attachment part (see Patent Document 4).

[0007] An automatic opening and closing sliding door device that uses stepping pressure has been proposed (see Patent Document 5), which comprises: a non-powered gravity-opening sliding door that is supported so that it can be opened and closed and to which a moving force is applied in the closing direction; footplates that are placed on the floor in front of and behind the sliding door when it is in the closed position and are configured to sink a predetermined amount when a person steps on them; a first operating mechanism that converts the amount of up and down movement of the footplate into a predetermined rotation angle and rotates a first arm according to this rotation angle; a lever mechanism that is linked to the tip of the rotating first arm and magnifies and outputs the amount of movement of the tip; and a pulling wire that links the output side of the lever mechanism and the sliding door so as to pull the sliding door in the opening direction (see Patent Document 5).

[0008] The above proposal is for a lightweight door, but when opening and closing a heavy door with a tilting mechanism in a narrow opening, it is extremely difficult to rely solely on the natural movement of the door on the slope due to its own weight, and it has a wide range. Therefore, the door has good opening response, allows for quick movement with good opening conditions, and is not troublesome for a small number of people to enter and exit the entrance. In addition, there are few devices that do not require many parts for installation and have few obstacles to maintenance. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0009] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2009-275499 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2007-146635 [Patent Document 3] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2007-111406 [Patent Document 4] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 07-208016 [Patent Document 5] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 11-324480 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0010] Automatic doors are often installed in urban buildings and other entrances where many people pass through. Generally, electrically operated automatic doors can fail to operate in the event of a power outage due to a disaster, in locations exposed to wind and snow, or when large amounts of water are used. While non-electric automatic doors have recently been adopted, they are often installed in wider areas with ample space, making them difficult to install in narrow entrances. Meanwhile, the recent trend toward barrier-free access has led to demand for a step size large enough to allow smooth passage for wheelchair users, as well as a gravity-operated door mechanism that can efficiently transmit pressure. Furthermore, automatic doors with a wide opening range and a moderate opening speed that can quickly open and close in line with the user's speed are desired. Furthermore, there is a need for a non-electric gravity-operated door device that can be installed in narrow entrances, is easy to maintain, has few malfunctions, and is safe and feasible, utilizing pressure.

[0011] In addition to resolving the above issues and demands, we have proposed a method for a non-electric automatic door that uses step boards installed on both sides of a sliding door entrance in a narrow opening with surrounding walls and a small width from front to back, where the small step board is used to utilize the user's step force to open and close the door, providing the most efficient opening and closing force mechanism and leading to improved response in narrow openings.In consideration of the above, the object is to provide a non-electric gravity-opening sliding door that is an automatic door with a propulsion device that uses non-electric natural energy and has a mechanism that effectively activates the step force that moves the sliding door in the opening direction in a narrow opening, increasing the restoring force and allowing the door to open and close quickly. [Means for solving the problem]

[0012] In a non-powered automatic door that has walls around it, a width of 600 to 900 mm, and a step base installed on both sides of the entrance sliding door in an area of ​​1 to 2 square meters in width from front to back, the step base is 0.5 to 1 square meter in width, 40 to 60 mm in depth, and the door weight is within 7 kg, so that the door can be opened and closed by using the user's own weight as a lever, and the structure is such that the upper and lower plates are connected by 2 to 4 pantograph-type X-shaped movable shafts with specific dimensions and strength placed in front and behind the opening and closing door, and the door can be lowered by the force of the foot. The door is a small, non-electrical gravity-opening sliding door for narrow areas, consisting of a step base that can be raised and lowered freely by the restoring force of a spring-type compression coil spring of a specific shape installed inside, a horizontal fixed rail on which the door's upper hoisting wheel can move freely in the opening and closing directions, a U-shaped inclined rail for running with runner rollers of 500 to 700 mm in length at the bottom of the door that slopes downward in stages in the opening direction, and a push-down force transmission fitting with an operating rod that has a runner roller at its tip that presses against the inner surface of the U-shaped inclined rail in conjunction with the step mechanism.

[0013] The step mechanism unit is connected to a pantograph-type X-shaped movable shaft, a spring-loaded compression coil spring, and a U-shaped inclined rail with runner rollers that drives the door. The door, which is 700 to 900 mm wide and 1800 to 2000 mm high, is driven by the force of stepping on the step base, which pushes the runner rollers downward against the lower inner surface of the U-shaped inclined rail, moving the door in the opening direction, and the restoring force of the compressed spring-loaded compression coil spring pushes the runner rollers upward against the upper inner surface of the U-shaped inclined rail, moving the door in the closing direction quickly.This is a small, battery-free gravity-opening sliding door for narrow areas that can be operated in an area of ​​1 to 2 square meters.

[0014] The step base, which is 0.5 to 1 square meter in area and 40 to 60 mm deep, consists of upper and lower metal plates, with a band plate section in the internal middle layer and a pantograph-type X-shaped movable shaft and spring-type compression coil spring installed. It is compressed by the vertical downward force of the load on the step mechanism, and after the load is removed, the spring coefficient is 0.5 to 0.8 N / mm and the steel has a tension wire diameter of 2 to 5 mm and 5 to 10 coils, with a spring ring diameter of 30 to 50 mm. The quick restoring force of the spring returns the upper plate of the step mechanism to its original position, and the bearing seat fixed to the upper plate of the step mechanism serves as a fulcrum. The runner roller attached to the tip on the load side presses against the upper inner surface of the U-shaped inclined rail inside the door, providing the force to move the door in the closing direction.

[0015] In the mechanism for opening and closing the step board of a pantograph-type X-shaped movable shaft assembled from blades and a rotating shaft, the blades of the movable shaft are each in the shape of a spindle-like flat plate with a thickness of 2 to 5 mm and a length of 200 to 500 mm, and the strength of the blades is set to a load strength of 500 N or more, and the rotating shaft of the X-shaped movable shaft is a single round bar of stainless steel with a diameter of 8 to 12 mm. Two to four X-shaped movable shafts are installed. In order to efficiently transmit the user's stepping force and the restoring force of the spring-type compression coil spring, and to allow the entire surface of the step base to rise and fall almost simultaneously, an X-shaped movable axis set is arranged in an appropriate position, more than half of the spring-type compression coil spring is connected to the band plate section, and the remainder is attached near the center of the step base, and a device is provided to fine-tune the horizontal level when installing each of the springs.

[0016] The non-powered automatic door is 700 to 900 mm wide and 1800 to 2000 mm high, has walls around it, an opening of 600 to 900 mm wide, and has a step base installed on both sides of the entrance sliding door in an area of ​​1 to 2 square meters in width at the front and back of the opening, and when opening the door, it moves along a guide rail installed at the bottom of the wall. [Effects of the Invention]

[0017] This device is a non-powered automatic door that uses footplates installed on both sides of a sliding door for narrow entrances with surrounding walls and limited front-to-back width. The small footplates are generated by the user's weight, and the door's speed and response are determined by the user's foot pressure. This is a non-powered gravity-operated sliding door. Furthermore, the power source is the user's foot pressure, reducing the user's response time in narrow spaces, making non-electric doors more widely available. The door opens and closes smoothly and quickly, eliminating any discomfort while waiting and ensuring the door remains open in narrow spaces. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0018] [Figure 1] Overall view of the fitting incorporating the footplate mechanism of the non-powered gravity-opening door and the spring-type compression coil spring arrangement for a small, non-powered gravity-opening sliding door for narrow areas. A: Fitting incorporating the footplate mechanism B: Spring-type compression coil spring arrangement [Figure 2] A front view of the U-shaped inclined door rail for runner roller travel and the spring-type compression coil spring arrangement for a small, non-powered gravity-opening sliding door for narrow areas. A: Closed state. B: Opened state by load. C: Automatically closed state. [Figure 3] A front view showing the movement of the U-shaped inclined door rail for runner roller travel and the movement position of the runner roller due to the force transmission of the footboard mechanism of the small, non-powered gravity-opening sliding door for narrow areas. A: U-shaped inclined door rail for runner roller travel B: Position state due to movement of the runner roller Pantograph-type X-shaped movable shaft [Figure 4] Cross-sectional view of the spring-type compression coil spring before and after loading on the step mechanism of a small, single-pull, gravity-operated sliding door for narrow areas. A: Before loading. B: After loading. [Figure 5]This is a front view of a small, narrow-area, non-powered gravity-opening sliding door, showing the operating state and location of the spring-type compression coil spring and the position of the runner roller when moving within the U-shaped inclined door-opening rail for runner roller travel. A: Roller and spring arrangement, B: Cross section of the compressed state due to load, C: State of the spring-type compression coil spring before and after load DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0019] Next, an embodiment embodying the above-mentioned configuration will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. As shown in Figures 1 and 2, this is an overall front view of a small, non-powered gravity-opening sliding door for narrow areas, which includes a fitting incorporating an upper mechanism and a footboard mechanism of the non-powered gravity-opening sliding door, and a spring-type compression coil spring arrangement. As shown in Figure 3, the sliding door is set on a fixed horizontal rail that allows the door's suspension wheel to move freely in both the opening and closing directions, and a power-free, gravity-variable top-hung opening and closing sliding door is constructed with multiple X-shaped movable axis footplate mechanisms that allow repeated vertical up and down movement in front of and behind the opening and closing door.As shown in Figure 4, the shape of the foot force transmission fittings is a transmission fitting, and as shown in Figure 5, the optimum weight for the foot force is shown.

[0020] As shown in Figure 3, the door has a U-shaped rail with an inclination angle that can be changed in 2 to 4 stages on the upper and lower contact surfaces as it reciprocates, so that the opening and closing speed can be changed to initial, middle, and final speeds when opening and closing. More specifically, as shown in Figure 5A, the runner roller that receives the foot pressure starts to press against the underside of the rail from the start point 7-1, changes speed at 7-2 as shown in B, changes speed again at 7-3, and is fully open at the end point 7-4. Furthermore, the runner roller that receives the weight force starts to press against the upper side of the rail from fulcrum 7-5, changes speed at 7-6, changes speed again at 7-9, and the door is fully closed at the end point 7-10. The above trajectory is repeated. First embodiment

[0021] In the force transmission fitting, the fulcrum is fixed to the upper plate of the footboard mechanism, so the vertical rotational movement acts on the footboard mechanism side, which is the point of force, and the runner roller seat side, which is the point of action, and play is required for the horizontal movement of the shaft. Also, because the runner roller and the operating rod are connected by a receiving seat, the way the force is transmitted changes depending on the angle at which the receiving seat is connected, and this was determined through repeated demonstration experiments based on theoretical values ​​to achieve the most efficient form. Second embodiment

[0022] The return fitting is a mechanism that fully opens the door with the foot pressure of the user's weight and simultaneously lifts the weight. To achieve the desired door response, the relationship between the user's weight, the door weight, and the weight must be determined based on theoretical values ​​through repeated demonstration experiments to find the optimal relationship, and adjustments must also be made to accommodate errors caused by changes in installation conditions on-site. For this reason, the weight is made into a multi-layered split type to allow for fine adjustments. Third embodiment

[0023] The inclination angle of the U-shaped inclined rail for runner rollers was determined based on a vector analysis of the force exerted when the rollers rolled down a slope without slipping. Rails with several different inclination angles were manufactured, and through repeated demonstration experiments, the basic inclined rail was established based on the measured opening and closing speeds. The rail also allows for adjustments to accommodate variations in on-site installation conditions. Furthermore, because the U-shaped inclined rail is installed within the lower door skirt, the design of the door is greatly affected by the skirt dimensions. The roller diameter was determined to achieve the optimal design. The roller's 1mm of vertical movement is converted into nearly 40 times the horizontal movement to ensure the desired opening size, creating a certain relationship between the opening size and the total inclination angle of the U-shaped inclined rail. The total inclination angle of the U-shaped inclined rail for runner rollers was determined for each effective opening size of each door fixture. [Example]

[0024] Using A6063S-T5 aluminum alloy extrusions specified in JISH4100, the aluminum alloy fittings shown in Figure 1A were manufactured: double sliding doors with an effective opening of W = 1600 mm, H = 2000 mm and outer frame dimensions of W = 3400 mm, H = 2200 mm. In addition, a step base plate mechanism and a central band plate base were manufactured, each with a top plate that can be freely moved up and down and measuring 950 mm wide, 700 mm long, and 70 mm high. These were then assembled and installed in the designated positions in the wall opening and floor excavation of the building.

[0025] At this time, a laser was used to accurately measure vertical and horizontal levels, and the fixture was fixed while paying attention to floor level differences.A first operating rod, which is a foot force transmission fitting for the foot plate mechanism, was installed and fixed at the joint between the joining mullion of the aluminum alloy fitting and the foot plate mechanism, away from the joining mullion and with an accuracy of ±0.5 mm in height from the bottom of the foot plate mechanism.Parallel to the foot force transmission fitting, a second operating rod, which returns the foot plate top to its original position, was attached with a weight on one side and connected to the foot plate mechanism on the other side.

[0026] After checking the 20mm up and down movement of the footboard top, The door is hung on the support rail, and the lower part of the door is attached to the hook part. The first actuating rod for pushing down on the U-shaped inclined rail has a runner roller at the tip The height was adjusted and the structure was fixed. The transmission status was checked with a load of 30 kg. The installation and number of weight plates were readjusted, and a U-shaped inclined rail was installed. Check the opening and closing speed change by the door and the specified opening and closing speed, and measure the opening dimensions of the door. After confirming that the specified performance was achieved, the work was completed. A driving test was conducted, and there were no problems, and the door opened and closed stably. This completed product is a non-powered gravity-operated sliding door. [Example]

[0027] In a non-powered automatic door that has walls around it, a width of 600 to 900 mm, and a step base installed on both sides of the entrance sliding door in an area of ​​1 to 2 square meters in width from front to back, the step base is 0.5 to 1 square meter in width, 40 to 60 mm in depth, and the door weight is within 7 kg, so that the door can be opened and closed by using the user's own weight as a lever, and the structure is such that the upper and lower plates are connected by 2 to 4 pantograph-type X-shaped movable shafts with specific dimensions and strength placed in front and behind the opening and closing door, and the door can be lowered by the force of the foot. The door is a small, non-electrical gravity-opening sliding door for narrow areas, consisting of a step base that can be raised and lowered freely by the restoring force of a spring-type compression coil spring of a specific shape installed inside, a horizontal fixed rail on which the door's upper hoisting wheel can move freely in the opening and closing directions, a U-shaped inclined rail for running with runner rollers of 500 to 700 mm in length at the bottom of the door that slopes downward in stages in the opening direction, and a push-down force transmission fitting with an operating rod that has a runner roller at its tip that presses against the inner surface of the U-shaped inclined rail in conjunction with the step mechanism.

[0028] The step mechanism unit is connected to a pantograph-type X-shaped movable shaft, a spring-loaded compression coil spring, and a U-shaped inclined rail with runner rollers that drives the door. The door, which is 700 to 900 mm wide and 1800 to 2000 mm high, is driven by the force of stepping on the step base, which pushes the runner rollers downward against the lower inner surface of the U-shaped inclined rail, moving the door in the opening direction, and the restoring force of the compressed spring-loaded compression coil spring pushes the runner rollers upward against the upper inner surface of the U-shaped inclined rail, moving the door in the closing direction quickly.This is a small, battery-free gravity-opening sliding door for narrow areas that can be operated in an area of ​​1 to 2 square meters.

[0029] The step base, which is 0.5 to 1 square meter in area and 40 to 60 mm deep, consists of upper and lower metal plates, with a band plate section in the internal middle layer and a pantograph-type X-shaped movable shaft and spring-type compression coil spring installed. It is compressed by the vertical downward force of the load on the step mechanism, and after the load is removed, the spring coefficient is 0.5 to 0.8 N / mm and the steel has a tension wire diameter of 2 to 5 mm and 5 to 10 coils, with a spring ring diameter of 30 to 50 mm. The quick restoring force of the spring returns the upper plate of the step mechanism to its original position, and the bearing seat fixed to the upper plate of the step mechanism serves as a fulcrum. The runner roller attached to the tip on the load side presses against the upper inner surface of the U-shaped inclined rail inside the door, providing the force to move the door in the closing direction.

[0030] In the mechanism for opening and closing the step board of a pantograph-type X-shaped movable shaft assembled from blades and a rotating shaft, the blades of the movable shaft are each in the shape of a spindle-like flat plate with a thickness of 2 to 5 mm and a length of 200 to 500 mm, and the strength of the blades is set to a load strength of 500 N or more, and the rotating shaft of the X-shaped movable shaft is a single round bar of stainless steel with a diameter of 8 to 12 mm. Two to four X-shaped movable shafts are installed. In order to efficiently transmit the user's stepping force and the restoring force of the spring-type compression coil spring, and to allow the entire surface of the step base to rise and fall almost simultaneously, an X-shaped movable axis set is arranged in an appropriate position, more than half of the spring-type compression coil spring is connected to the band plate section, and the remainder is attached near the center of the step base, and a device is provided to fine-tune the horizontal level when installing each of the springs.

[0031] The non-powered automatic door is 700 to 900 mm wide and 1800 to 2000 mm high, has walls around it, an opening of 600 to 900 mm wide, and has a step base installed on both sides of the entrance sliding door in an area of ​​1 to 2 square meters in width at the front and back of the opening, and when opening the door, it moves along a guide rail installed at the bottom of the wall. [Explanation of symbols]

[0032] 1: Step mechanism 2, 2A: Upper plate of the footboard mechanism 3: Lower plate of the footboard mechanism 4:X-shaped frame 5: Force transmission fittings 6: Runner roller 7: U-shaped inclined door opening rail for runner roller running 7-1: Runner roller pressure welding start point on the bottom of the rail 7-2~7-4: End point of pressure contact movement on the lower side of the runner roller rail 7-5: Start point of pressure contact on the upper side of the runner roller 7-6~7-10: End point of pressure contact movement on the upper side of the runner roller rail 8:Reset fitting 9: Weight 10: The bottom of the door is the hook part 11: Upper horizontal rail 12: Door hanging wheel 13: Braking device 1 14: Braking device 2 5:Stile door 16: Vertical frame 17: Upper box frame 18: Baseboard 19: Spring-loaded winding device R1: Transmission fitting force point J1: Transmission fitting fulcrum S1: Transmission fitting action point R2: Return fitting force point J2: Return fitting fulcrum S2: Return metal fitting action point

Claims

1. In a non-powered automatic door that uses a step base installed on both sides of the entrance / exit sliding door in an area with a wall surface around it, a width of 600 to 900 mm, and a width of 1 to 2 square meters from front to back, the step base is 0.5 to 1 square meter, and a depth of 40 to 60 mm, and the door weight is within 7 kg, so that the door can be opened and closed by using the user's own weight as a lever, and the structure is such that the upper and lower plates are connected by 2 to 4 pantograph-type X-shaped movable shafts with specific dimensions and strength placed in front and behind the opening and closing door, and the door descends with the force of the foot, allowing the door to be opened and closed. a horizontal fixed rail on which the door's upper hoisting wheel can move freely in the opening and closing direction; a U-shaped inclined rail for running with runner rollers of 500 to 700 mm in length at the bottom of the door that slopes downward in stages in the opening direction; and a push-down force transmission fitting with an operating rod that has a runner roller at its tip that presses against the inner surface of the U-shaped inclined rail in conjunction with the step mechanism.

2. 2. The compact, non-electrical gravity-opening sliding door for narrow areas according to claim 1, characterized in that in the step mechanism, a pantograph-type X-shaped movable shaft, a spring-type compression coil spring, and a U-shaped inclined running rail with runner rollers that drive the door are linked together, and the door, which is 700 to 900 mm wide and 1800 to 2000 mm high, is driven by using the force of the step on the step to push the runner rollers downward against the lower inner surface of the U-shaped inclined rail, moving the door in the opening direction, and by using the restoring force of the compressed spring-type compression coil spring to push the runner rollers upward against the upper inner surface of the U-shaped inclined rail, moving the door in the closing direction quickly.

3. 3. The small, non-electrical, gravity-opening sliding door for narrow areas according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the step base, having an area of ​​0.5 to 1 square meter and a depth of 40 to 60 mm, is made up of upper and lower metal plates, has a band plate portion in the inner middle layer, and is equipped with 2 to 4 pantograph-type X-shaped movable shafts, and 2 to 8 spring-type compression coil springs made of steel with a spring coefficient of 0.5 to 0.8 N / mm, a wire diameter of 2 to 5 mm, 5 to 10 turns of tension, and a spring ring diameter of 30 to 50 mm.The step base is compressed by the vertical downward force of the load applied to the step mechanism, and after the load is removed, the quick restoring force of the springs quickly returns the upper plate of the step mechanism to its original state, and the bearing seat fixed to the upper plate of the step mechanism serves as a fulcrum, and a runner roller attached to the tip on the application point side presses against the upper inner surface of a U-shaped inclined rail with a special inclination shape inside the door, thereby providing a force that moves the door in the closing direction.

4. In the mechanism for opening and closing the step board of a pantograph-type X-shaped movable shaft assembled from blades and a rotating shaft, the blades of the movable shaft are each in the shape of a spindle-like flat plate with a thickness of 2 to 5 mm and a length of 200 to 500 mm, and the strength of the blades is set to a load strength of 500 N or more, and the rotating shaft of the X-shaped movable shaft is a single round bar of stainless steel with a diameter of 8 to 12 mm. Two to four X-shaped movable shafts are installed. A small, non-electrical gravity-opening sliding door for narrow areas according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that in order to efficiently transmit the user's stepping force and the restoring force of the spring-type compression coil spring and to allow the entire surface of the step base to rise and fall almost simultaneously, an X-shaped movable axis set is arranged in an appropriate position, more than half of the spring-type compression coil spring is connected to the band plate part, and the remainder is attached near the center of the step base, and a device is provided that can fine-tune the horizontal level of the installation of each spring.

5. The non-powered automatic opening door is a small, non-powered gravity-opening sliding door for narrow areas as described in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the non-powered automatic opening door is 700 to 900 mm wide and 1800 to 2000 mm high, has walls around it, an opening width of 600 to 900 mm, and has step boards installed on both sides of the entrance sliding door in an area of ​​1 to 2 square meters in width from the front to the back of the opening, and when opening the door, the door is moved using guide rails installed at the bottom of the wall, and the inclination of the U-shaped inclined rails is appropriately adjusted so that the door closes quickly and securely at the beginning of opening and closing.

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