Supply and demand management device, power supply and demand management system, supply and demand management method, and program

Abstract

A supply and demand management device that can prevent a system storage battery from being depleted when an independent operation mode is entered is provided. The supply and demand management device manages the supply and demand of power in a microgrid, and includes a disaster information acquisition unit that acquires information related to a disaster, a constraint determination unit that determines a lower limit value of the charge state of a system storage battery connected to the microgrid based on the information related to the disaster, and a planning unit that creates a supply and demand plan for the microgrid including the charge and discharge amount of the system storage battery, using the lower limit value determined by the constraint determination unit as a constraint condition.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a supply and demand management device, an electric power supply and demand management system, a supply and demand management method, and a program. [Background technology]

[0002] In times of disaster, the supply of electricity from the power grid may be stopped, i.e., a power outage may occur. In recent years, there has been growing interest in using power sources within a specific area to continue supplying electricity within that area during a power outage. A power grid that can operate autonomously in a specific area, independent of the power grid, is called a microgrid (small-scale power grid).

[0003] Furthermore, Patent Documents 1 and 2 disclose a demand response that controls the demand side rather than the supply side in order to balance the supply and demand of power in a grid. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2020-048370 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2019-110698 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] However, in a microgrid in which the main power source is a system storage battery, there is a problem in that the system storage battery may become depleted when the system goes into an independent operation mode in which it cannot receive power from the power grid.

[0006] The present disclosure has been made in consideration of the above circumstances, and provides a supply and demand management device, a power supply and demand management system, a supply and demand management method, and a program that prevent depletion of a grid storage battery when an independent operation mode is entered. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] This disclosure has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and one aspect of the present disclosure is a supply and demand management device that manages the supply and demand of electricity in a microgrid, the supply and demand management device including a disaster information acquisition unit that acquires information related to disasters, a constraint determination unit that determines a lower limit value of the state of charge of a grid storage battery connected to the microgrid based on the information related to the disaster, and a planning unit that creates a supply and demand plan for the microgrid including the charge and discharge amount of the grid storage battery, using the lower limit value determined by the constraint determination unit as a constraint condition.

[0008] Another aspect of the present disclosure is the supply and demand management device described above, wherein, when the microgrid is in a grid connection mode in which it can receive power supply from another grid, the constraint determination unit sets a lower limit value of the state of charge in a period determined based on information related to the disaster to be a period in which the probability of a disaster occurring is higher than normal, higher than the lower limit value in normal times.

[0009] Another aspect of the present disclosure is the supply and demand management device described above, wherein the disaster-related information is meteorological observation information, meteorological forecast information, or earthquake observation information.

[0010] Another aspect of the present disclosure is a supply and demand management device that manages the supply and demand of electricity in a microgrid, and includes a planning unit that plans a supply and demand plan for a planning period of the microgrid including demand response, a prediction unit that predicts a difference between an accumulated load amount and an accumulated power generation amount of the microgrid for a period after the planning period, and a constraint determination unit that determines a charging state of a system storage battery connected to the microgrid at an end of the planning period, the charging state being based on the difference, as a constraint condition when the planning unit plans the supply and demand plan.

[0011] Another aspect of the present disclosure is a supply and demand management device that manages the supply and demand of electricity in a microgrid, and includes an interconnection plan acquisition unit that acquires interconnection plan information indicating a timing for connecting equipment to the microgrid, a constraint determination unit that determines, as a constraint condition, a charge and discharge amount of a system storage battery connected to the microgrid during a period including the timing, and a planning unit that uses the constraint conditions to create a supply and demand plan for the microgrid during a planning period including the charge and discharge amount of the system storage battery connected to the microgrid.

[0012] Another aspect of the present disclosure is a supply and demand management device that manages the supply and demand of electricity in a microgrid, and includes a planning unit that uses a maximum power generation amount by time period of a photovoltaic (PV) connected to the microgrid as a control variable and creates a supply and demand plan for the microgrid including the charge and discharge amount of a system storage battery connected to the microgrid.

[0013] Another aspect of the present disclosure is the supply and demand management device described above, wherein the planning unit plans the supply and demand plan using a relational equation between the maximum power generation amount by time period of the PV and the supply and demand balance fluctuation amount of the microgrid, and a constraint equation that sets a combined value of the charge and discharge amount of a system storage battery connected to the microgrid and the supply and demand balance fluctuation amount within a chargeable and dischargeable power range of the system storage battery.

[0014] Another aspect of the present disclosure is the supply and demand management device described above, wherein the planning unit predicts a fluctuation in the supply and demand balance of the microgrid, and creates the supply and demand plan by suppressing the maximum power generation amount of the PV for each time period in a time period in which the predicted fluctuation in the supply and demand balance exceeds a predetermined charging margin or discharging margin.

[0015] Another aspect of the present disclosure is the supply and demand management device described above, wherein the planning unit suppresses the maximum power generation amount of the PV for each time period when a measured value of a charge / discharge amount of a system storage battery connected to the microgrid falls outside a target charge / discharge power range of the system storage battery.

[0016] Another aspect of the present disclosure is an electricity supply and demand management system that includes a supply and demand management device that manages the supply and demand of electricity of a microgrid, and a consumer terminal that controls a storage battery of a consumer of the microgrid, wherein the supply and demand management device sets information to the consumer terminal indicating an acceptable range of output fluctuation for an average electricity demand at the consumer, and the consumer terminal controls charging and discharging of the consumer's storage battery when the electricity demand at the consumer exceeds an acceptable range of electricity demand based on the average electricity demand at the consumer and the information indicating the acceptable range of output fluctuation.

[0017] Another aspect of the present disclosure is the above-mentioned power supply and demand management system, wherein the supply and demand management device increases the discharge amount of the storage battery of a consumer connected to the microgrid when the average discharge amount of the system storage battery connected to the microgrid exceeds a threshold value.

[0018] Another aspect of the present disclosure is an electricity supply and demand management system including a supply and demand management device that manages the supply and demand of electricity of a microgrid, and a resource aggregation device that aggregates resources of consumers in the microgrid, wherein the supply and demand management device includes a disaster information acquisition unit that acquires information related to a disaster, a constraint determination unit that determines a lower limit value of a charge state of a grid storage battery connected to the microgrid based on the information related to the disaster, and a planning unit that creates a supply and demand plan for the microgrid including the charge and discharge amount of the grid storage battery, using the lower limit value determined by the constraint determination unit as a constraint condition.

[0019] Another aspect of the present disclosure is a method for managing supply and demand of electricity in a microgrid, the method including the steps of acquiring information related to a disaster, determining a lower limit value of a charge state of a grid storage battery connected to the microgrid based on the information related to the disaster, and formulating a supply and demand plan for the microgrid including a charge and discharge amount of the grid storage battery using the lower limit value as a constraint condition.

[0020] Another aspect of the present disclosure is a program for causing a computer to function as a disaster information acquisition unit that acquires information related to a disaster, a constraint determination unit that determines a lower limit value of a charge state of a grid storage battery connected to a microgrid based on the information related to the disaster, and a planning unit that creates a supply and demand plan for the microgrid including the charge and discharge amount of the grid storage battery, using the lower limit value determined by the constraint determination unit as a constraint condition. Effect of the Invention

[0021] The supply and demand management device, the power supply and demand management system, the supply and demand management method, and the program disclosed herein can prevent the depletion of the grid storage battery when the system enters an independent operation mode. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0022] [Figure 1] 1 is a schematic block diagram showing a configuration of an electricity supply and demand management system 100 according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure. [Diagram 2] 2 is a schematic block diagram showing the configuration of a supply and demand management device 10 in the embodiment. [Diagram 3] 4 is a time chart illustrating the operation of a constraint determination unit 16 in the embodiment. [Figure 4] 5 is a flowchart illustrating an operation of the supply and demand management device 10 in the embodiment in a system interconnection mode. [Diagram 5] FIG. 11 is a schematic block diagram showing the configuration of a supply and demand management device 10a in a second embodiment. [Figure 6] 4 is a time chart illustrating the operation of a constraint determination unit 16a in the embodiment. [Figure 7] 10 is a flowchart illustrating an operation of the supply and demand management device 10a in the embodiment in an independent operation mode. [Figure 8] FIG. 11 is a schematic block diagram showing the configuration of a supply and demand management device 10b according to a third embodiment. [Figure 9] 10 is a time chart illustrating the operation of a constraint determination unit 16b in the embodiment. [Figure 10] FIG. 13 is a schematic block diagram showing the configuration of a supply and demand management device 10c according to a fourth embodiment. [Figure 11] 4 is a graph showing an example of a charge / discharge amount of a system storage battery 42 in the embodiment. [Figure 12] FIG. 11 is a schematic block diagram showing a configuration of a customer system 44 in a fifth embodiment. [Figure 13] 4 is a flowchart illustrating an example of the operation of the supply and demand management device 10 in the embodiment. [Figure 14] 4 is a flowchart illustrating an example of the operation of the power supply and demand management system 100 in the embodiment. [Figure 15] FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a hardware configuration of each device according to each embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0023] <First embodiment> Hereinafter, a first embodiment of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram showing a configuration of an electric power supply and demand management system 100 according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure. The electric power supply and demand management system 100 includes a supply and demand management device 10 and an RA (Resource Aggregation) device 20. The supply and demand management device 10 creates a supply and demand plan for electric power of a microgrid 40. The supply and demand management device 10 in this embodiment acquires disaster-related information from a weather data providing device 30 and creates a supply and demand plan. The disaster-related information is, for example, meteorological observation information, meteorological forecast information, or earthquake observation information. The supply and demand management device 10 transmits a control command based on the created supply and demand plan to the RA device 20.

[0024] The microgrid 40 has a grid-connected mode in which it can receive power from other grids via a distribution substation 50, and an independent operation mode in which it cannot receive power from other grids. In the grid-connected mode, the power supply and demand balance of the microgrid 40 is achieved by the supply of power from other grids. On the other hand, in the independent operation mode, the power supply and demand balance of the microgrid 40 is achieved by the supply of power from a grid storage battery 42 connected to the microgrid 40, but the power supply and demand management system 100 also controls the PV output suppression / stopping and load suppression / cutoff of consumers.

[0025] The RA device 20 aggregates resources of consumers. Specifically, the RA device 20 controls the grid storage battery 42 and the consumer system 44 of each consumer via the IEDs 41 and 43 in accordance with a control command based on a supply and demand plan drawn up by the supply and demand management device 10. In addition, the RA device 20 acquires controllable amounts of the grid storage battery 42 and the consumer system 44 of each consumer via the IEDs 41 and 43, and supplies them to the supply and demand management device 10.

[0026] The customer system 44 includes a smart meter and a load facility. The customer system 44 may further include a storage battery and a part or all of a PV (Photovoltaic, solar power generation facility). The configuration of the customer system 44 may differ depending on the customer.

[0027] Although Fig. 1 shows one grid storage battery 42, three consumer systems 44, and IEDs 41, 43 corresponding to each of them, the number of these may be different from that in the example of Fig. 1. For example, a plurality of grid storage batteries 42 may be connected to the microgrid 40, and more than three consumer systems 44 may be connected to the microgrid 40.

[0028] Furthermore, each of the supply and demand management device 10 and the RA device 20 may be arranged on a so-called cloud, or may be realized by one or more computers reading and executing a program.

[0029] 2 is a schematic block diagram showing the configuration of the supply and demand management device 10 in this embodiment. The supply and demand management device 10 includes a measurement unit 11, a prediction unit 12, a planning unit 13, a control unit 14, a disaster information acquisition unit 15, and a constraint determination unit 16. The measurement unit 11 acquires the measured values ​​of the load [kW] and the power generation amount [kW] of each consumer system 44, or one of the measured values, via the RA device 20 and the IED 43. The measurement unit 11 also acquires the time-of-day electricity unit price [yen / kWh].

[0030] The prediction unit 12 predicts the load [kW] and power generation amount [kW] of the consumer system 44 during the target period (planning period) of the supply and demand plan formulated by the plan formulation unit 13. The prediction unit 12 may predict the load based on the load, date, day of the week, time, etc. acquired by the measurement unit 11. The prediction unit 12 may also predict the power generation amount based on the power generation amount, date, time, weather, etc. acquired by the measurement unit 11. Note that these predictions may be made for each consumer system 44, or may be made for a value that collectively represents multiple consumer systems 44.

[0031] The disaster information acquisition unit 15 acquires information related to a disaster from the weather data providing device 30. The disaster information acquisition unit 15 may acquire information from multiple weather data providing devices 30. The disaster related information may be any of meteorological observation information, meteorological forecast information, and earthquake observation information. Meteorological observation information is, for example, information on observed values ​​such as rainfall and wind speed. Meteorological forecast information is, for example, information on predicted values ​​such as rainfall and wind speed, weather warnings, advisories, etc. Earthquake observation information is information on the seismic intensity of earthquakes, frequency of occurrence, etc.

[0032] The constraint determination unit 16 determines a lower limit value of the state of charge (SOC, State of Charge, charging rate) of the grid storage battery 42 based on the disaster-related information acquired by the disaster information acquisition unit 15. For example, when the microgrid 40 is in the grid connection mode, the constraint determination unit 16 sets the lower limit value of the state of charge of the grid storage battery 42 in a period determined based on the disaster-related information as a period in which the probability of disaster occurrence is higher than normal (a period requiring caution) to be higher than the lower limit value in normal times. Here, the constraint determination unit 16 may determine that a period is a period in which the probability of disaster occurrence is higher than normal times when the observed value or predicted value of rainfall exceeds a threshold value, when the observed value or predicted value of wind speed exceeds a threshold value, when the frequency of earthquake occurrence exceeds a threshold value, or the like, i.e., the constraint determination unit 16 may set the lower limit value of the state of charge of the grid storage battery 42 to be higher than the lower limit value in normal times. The constraint determination unit 16 may also determine that a period in which the probability of disaster occurrence is higher than normal times is a period obtained by adding a predetermined time before and after the period in which the predicted value of rainfall or wind speed exceeds a threshold value.

[0033] For example, the constraint determination unit 16 may set the lower limit of the state of charge of the grid storage battery 42 higher than the lower limit in normal times for a period when the expected maximum wind volume is equal to or higher than a certain value and for n hours before and after the period. Furthermore, the constraint determination unit 16 may set the lower limit of the state of charge of the grid storage battery 42 higher than the lower limit in normal times when the cumulative number of earthquakes that have occurred in the past p days exceeds q, and for r days thereafter.

[0034] Similarly to the lower limit, the constraint determination unit 16 may also determine an upper limit of the state of charge of the grid storage battery 42. That is, when the microgrid 40 is in the grid-connected mode, the constraint determination unit 16 may set the upper limit of the state of charge of the grid storage battery 42 in a period determined based on disaster-related information to be a period in which the probability of a disaster occurring is higher than normal, higher than the upper limit in normal times.

[0035] The planner 13 uses the constraint conditions set by the constraint determiner 16 to set up a supply and demand plan for the microgrid 40 including the charge and discharge amount of the grid storage battery 42 or demand response. In this embodiment, the constraint conditions include a lower limit value of the state of charge of the grid storage battery 42. The constraint conditions may also include an upper limit value set by the constraint determiner 16. A known technique such as quadratic programming (QP) can be used to set up the supply and demand plan. In the grid-connected mode, the supply and demand plan is a plan for power buying and selling of the consumer system 44, charging and discharging of the grid storage battery 42, and demand response (DR) of the consumer system 44 during a certain period (planning period). In addition, in the independent operation mode, the supply and demand plan is a demand response plan for the planning period, and the demand response plan in the independent operation mode includes charging and discharging the storage batteries of the consumer system 44, suppression of the maximum power generation of the PV of the consumer system 44, and load suppression of the consumer system 44.

[0036] The control unit 14 generates control commands based on the supply and demand plan formulated by the plan formulation unit 13, and transmits the control commands to the RA device 20. Here, the control commands include commands for buying and selling electricity, commands for charging and discharging the system storage battery 42, and demand response commands.

[0037] Fig. 3 is a time chart for explaining the operation of the constraint determination unit 16 in this embodiment. In Fig. 3, the vertical axis represents the SOC [kWh] of the system storage battery 42, and the horizontal axis represents time. The SOC upper limit value Su is an upper limit value of the SOC of the system storage battery 42 that is provided to the plan formulation unit 13 as a constraint condition when formulating a supply and demand plan. The SOC lower limit value Sb is a lower limit value of the SOC of the system storage battery 42 that is provided to the plan formulation unit 13 as a constraint condition when formulating a supply and demand plan.

[0038] In the caution period T2 in which it is determined that the probability of a disaster occurring is higher than normal, the constraint determination unit 16 sets the value of the SOC lower limit value Sb to a value greater than that of normal times T1 and T3 other than the caution period T2. The constraint determination unit 16 may use predetermined values ​​for the SOC lower limit value Sb in normal times T1 and T3 and the SOC lower limit value Sb in the caution period T2. As in the planning period P1 in FIG. 3, the constraint determination unit 16 may change the SOC lower limit value Sb from a normal time value to a caution period value during the planning period. Similarly, as in the planning period P2 in FIG. 3, the constraint determination unit 16 may change the SOC lower limit value Sb from a caution period value to a normal time value during the planning period. The constraint determination unit 16 may determine whether or not each planning period is a caution period.

[0039] 4 is a flowchart explaining the operation of the supply and demand management device 10 in the grid connection mode in this embodiment. First, the measurement unit 11 measures the load and power generation amount of the customer system 44 (step Sa1). This measurement is performed by acquiring the measured values ​​of the load and power generation amount of the customer system 44 via the RA device 20 and the IED 43.

[0040] Next, the measurement unit 11 acquires the time-of-day unit price of electricity in the planning period (step Sa2). The time-of-day unit price of electricity may be stored in advance in the supply and demand management device 10, or may be acquired from another device.

[0041] Next, the prediction unit 12 predicts the load and power generation amount of the consumer system 44 during the planning period (step Sa3). For this prediction, the measurement values ​​acquired in step Sa1, the date and time of the planning period, the day of the week, weather observation information, weather forecast information, and the like may be used.

[0042] Next, the disaster information acquisition unit 15 acquires information related to the disaster from the weather data providing device 30, and the constraint determination unit 16 determines the constraint conditions for formulating a supply and demand plan based on the information related to the disaster (step Sa4). The constraint conditions include a lower limit of the state of charge of the system storage battery 42.

[0043] Next, the plan formulation unit 13 formulates a supply and demand plan for the planning period using the predicted values ​​of the load and power generation amount of the consumer system 44 by the prediction unit 12 and the constraint conditions determined by the constraint determination unit 16 (step Sa5). This supply and demand plan includes plans for buying and selling electricity, charging and discharging the system storage battery 42, and DR.

[0044] Next, the control unit 14 issues commands for buying and selling electricity, charging and discharging the system storage battery 42, and DR to the RA device 20 in accordance with the supply and demand plan formulated by the plan formulation unit 13 (step Sa6).

[0045] As described above, the supply and demand management device 10 in this embodiment includes the constraint determination unit 16 and the plan creation unit 13. The constraint determination unit 16 determines a lower limit value of the state of charge of the system storage battery 42 based on information related to a disaster acquired by the disaster information acquisition unit 15. The plan creation unit 13 creates a supply and demand plan for the microgrid 40, including the charge and discharge amount of the system storage battery 42, using the lower limit value as a constraint condition. This limits the period during which the SOC of the system battery 42 is increased in order to prevent the system battery 42 from running out when the independent operation mode is entered, thereby making it possible to prevent excessive strain on the system battery 42.

[0046] <Second embodiment> The power supply and demand management system 100 according to the second embodiment is similar to that shown in Fig. 1, but differs in that a supply and demand management device 10a is provided instead of the supply and demand management device 10. Fig. 5 is a schematic block diagram showing the configuration of the supply and demand management device 10a according to the second embodiment. In Fig. 5, parts corresponding to those in Fig. 2 are given the same reference numerals, and their explanations are omitted.

[0047] The supply and demand management device 10a includes a measurement unit 11, a prediction unit 12a, a planning unit 13, a control unit 14, and a constraint determination unit 16a. The prediction unit 12a predicts the load and power generation of the consumer system 44 in the planning period, as in the prediction unit 12 in FIG. 2, but further predicts the difference between the load accumulation amount and the power generation accumulation amount of the microgrid 40 in the period after the planning period in the independent operation mode. Note that the period after the planning period may be a period of a certain length immediately after the planning period (a certain period after the planning period). Also, the difference is the difference between the value obtained by integrating the predicted values ​​of the loads of all the consumer systems 44 of the microgrid 40 over the period and the value obtained by integrating the predicted values ​​of the power generation of all the consumer systems 44 of the microgrid 40 over the period.

[0048] Furthermore, the prediction unit 12a may predict the charge / discharge amount of the system storage battery 42 during the planning period. The charge / discharge amount of the system storage battery 42 during the planning period may be the difference between the integrated load amount and the integrated power generation amount of the microgrid 40 during the planning period.

[0049] In the independent operation mode, the constraint determination unit 16a determines the state of charge of the grid storage battery 42 at the end of the planning period as a constraint condition when the planning unit 13 plans a supply and demand plan. This state of charge is based on the difference between the load accumulation amount and the power generation accumulation amount of the microgrid 40 in the period after the planning period predicted by the prediction unit 12a. For example, the constraint determination unit 16a adds the charge and discharge amount of the grid storage battery 42 in the planning period and the difference (a value obtained by subtracting the predicted value of the power generation accumulation amount from the predicted value of the load accumulation amount) to the state of charge at the start of the planning period. Here, the charge and discharge amount is a positive value if charging, and a negative value if discharging. When adding the difference, the difference may be multiplied by a coefficient. This increases the SOC of the grid storage battery 42 according to the amount of power [kWh] that cannot be covered by power generation in the period after the planning period, and prevents SOC depletion and gate blockage of the grid storage battery 42 in the period. Conversely, if it is predicted that there will be a surplus in power generation in a period after the planned period, it is possible to prevent load suppression in the planned period.

[0050] In addition, in the independent operation mode, the constraint determination unit 16a may determine a charge state based on the difference predicted by the prediction unit 12a, which is the total charge state of the grid storage battery 42 and the storage battery provided in the consumer system 44 at the end of the planning period, as a constraint condition when the planning unit 13 formulates a supply and demand plan. This increases the SOC of the grid storage battery 42 and the storage battery provided in the consumer system 44 according to the amount of power [kWh] that cannot be covered by power generation in the period after the planning period, thereby making it possible to prevent power depletion in the microgrid 40.

[0051] Fig. 6 is a time chart for explaining the operation of the constraint determination unit 16a in this embodiment. In Fig. 6, the planning period end SOC target value TV is the charging state of the system storage battery 42 at the end of the planning period, which is a constraint condition when creating a supply and demand plan for the planning period P3. The "load forecast accumulated amount (kWh) - power generation forecast accumulated amount (kWh)" in a certain period AP after the planning period, which is a period after the planning period, is the difference predicted by the prediction unit 12a. The constraint determination unit 16a determines the planning period end SOC target value TV based on the "load forecast accumulated amount (kWh) - power generation forecast accumulated amount (kWh)".

[0052] 7 is a flowchart explaining the operation of the supply and demand management device 10a in the present embodiment in the independent operation mode. First, the measurement unit 11 measures the load and power generation amount of the customer system 44 (step Sb1). Furthermore, the measurement unit 11 measures the charge / discharge and charge state of the system storage battery 42 (step Sb2). These steps Sb1 and Sb2 may be performed in parallel or in the reverse order.

[0053] Next, the prediction unit 12a predicts the load and power generation amount of the consumer system 44 during the planning period and the period after the planning period (step Sb3). Next, the prediction unit 12a predicts the charge / discharge and the charge state of the system storage battery 42 during the planning period (step Sb4).

[0054] Next, the constraint determination unit 16a determines the state of charge of the grid storage battery 42 at the end of the planning period as a constraint condition (step Sb5). The state of charge as the constraint condition may be a value obtained by adding the difference between the integrated amount of load and the integrated amount of power generation of the consumer system 44 in the period after the planning period, which is predicted in step Sb3, to the state of charge of the grid storage battery 42 predicted in step Sb4.

[0055] Next, the planning unit 13 uses the constraint conditions determined in step Sb5 to create a supply and demand plan for the planning period (step Sb6). This supply and demand plan includes a DR plan. Next, the control unit 14 issues a DR command to the RA device 20 according to the supply and demand plan created by the planning unit 13 (step Sb7).

[0056] As described above, the supply and demand management device 10a in this embodiment includes a prediction unit 12a and a constraint determination unit 16a. The prediction unit 12a predicts the difference between the accumulated load amount and the accumulated power generation amount of the microgrid 40 in a period after the planning period. The constraint determination unit 16a determines the state of charge of the system storage battery 42 at the end of the planning period, which is based on the difference predicted by the prediction unit 12a, as a constraint condition for the planning unit 13 to plan a supply and demand plan. This allows the SOC of the system battery 42 at the end of the planned period to be increased or decreased according to the difference between the integrated load amount and the integrated power generation amount after the planned period, thereby preventing SOC depletion and gate blockage of the system battery 42.

[0057] <Third embodiment> The power supply and demand management system 100 according to the third embodiment is similar to that shown in Fig. 1, but differs in that a supply and demand management device 10b is provided instead of the supply and demand management device 10. Fig. 8 is a schematic block diagram showing the configuration of the supply and demand management device 10b according to the third embodiment. In Fig. 8, parts corresponding to those in Fig. 2 are given the same reference numerals, and their explanations are omitted.

[0058] The supply and demand management device 10b includes a measurement unit 11, a prediction unit 12, a plan formulation unit 13, a control unit 14, an interconnection plan acquisition unit 17b, and a constraint determination unit 16b. The interconnection plan acquisition unit 17b acquires interconnection plan information indicating the timing of interconnecting devices such as loads and generators with the microgrid 40. This interconnection plan information may be acquired by receiving it from another device, or by receiving an operation input from an operator of the supply and demand management device 10b.

[0059] The constraint determination unit 16b determines, as a constraint condition, the charge / discharge amount of the system storage battery 42 connected to the microgrid 40 in a period including the timing indicated by the connection plan information. This charge / discharge amount may be a predetermined charge amount or a lower limit value of the predetermined charge amount.

[0060] FIG. 9 is a time chart for explaining the operation of the constraint determination unit 16b in this embodiment. In FIG. 9, the vertical axis represents the charge / discharge amount [kW] of the grid battery 42, and the horizontal axis represents time. When connecting devices such as a load or a generator to the microgrid 40, an inrush current may flow due to charging a transformer. In the independent operation mode, due to this inrush current, the discharge amount of the grid battery 42 may reach the dischargeable power upper limit of the power controller of the grid battery 42, causing the grid battery 42 to gate block. However, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 9, in a period including the connection timing Tc, the charge / discharge amount of the grid battery 42 is restricted to a connection setting value CV that is closer to the charge side than in other periods. This makes it possible to prevent the charge / discharge amount from reaching the dischargeable power upper limit Du when the charge / discharge amount of the grid battery 42 changes to the discharge side due to the inrush current at the connection timing Tc.

[0061] As described above, the supply and demand management device 10b in this embodiment includes an interconnection plan acquisition unit 17b and a constraint determination unit 16b. The interconnection plan acquisition unit 17b acquires interconnection plan information indicating the timing of interconnecting the devices with the microgrid 40. The constraint determination unit 16b determines, as a constraint condition, the charge / discharge amount of the system storage battery 42 in a period including the timing. As a result, the supply and demand management device 10b can prevent the charge / discharge amount of the system storage battery 42 from reaching the upper limit of dischargeable power when the charge / discharge amount of the system storage battery 42 changes to the discharge side due to an inrush current at the time when the equipment is linked.

[0062] <Fourth embodiment> The power supply and demand management system 100 according to the fourth embodiment is similar to that shown in Fig. 1, but differs in that a supply and demand management device 10c is provided instead of the supply and demand management device 10. Fig. 10 is a schematic block diagram showing the configuration of the supply and demand management device 10c according to the fourth embodiment. In Fig. 10, parts corresponding to those in Fig. 2 are given the same reference numerals, and their explanations are omitted.

[0063] The supply and demand management device 10c includes a measurement unit 11, a prediction unit 12, a planning unit 13c, a control unit 14, and a constraint determination unit 16c. The planning unit 13c is similar to the planning unit 13 in Fig. 2, but in the isolated operation mode, the planning unit 13c plans a supply and demand plan for the microgrid 40 including a DR plan, using the maximum power generation amount by time period of a PV (Photovoltaic) connected to the microgrid 40, i.e., a PV equipped in a consumer system 44, as a control variable. As such examples, first to third examples will be described below.

[0064] <First example> In a first example, the plan formulation unit 13c formulates a supply and demand plan using a relational expression between the maximum power generation amount of the PV for each time period and the supply and demand balance fluctuation amount of the microgrid 40, and a constraint expression that sets a combined value of the charge / discharge amount of the system storage battery 42 and the supply and demand balance fluctuation amount within a chargeable / dischargeable power range of the system storage battery 42. The constraint determination unit 16c determines the relational expression and the constraint expression as constraint conditions.

[0065] In this embodiment, the supply and demand balance fluctuation amount is a value indicating the width of supply and demand balance fluctuation in a short period of time, such as one minute. Supply and demand balance fluctuation occurs, for example, when the amount of power generation by PV changes due to a sudden change in weather. For this reason, if the maximum power generation amount of PV is increased, the supply and demand balance fluctuation amount also increases, and if the maximum power generation amount of PV is decreased, the supply and demand balance fluctuation amount also decreases. Therefore, the above-mentioned relational expression may be "supply and demand balance fluctuation amount=a×maximum power generation amount of PV+b". Note that a and b are constants, and a>0.

[0066] The constraint equation is, for example, "dischargeable power upper limit value<charge / discharge amount of the system battery 42-supply / demand balance fluctuation amount, and charge / discharge amount of the system battery 42+supply / demand balance fluctuation amount<chargeable power upper limit value," with the charge direction of the system battery 42 being positive and the discharge direction being negative. Here, the charge / discharge amount of the system battery 42 is a value determined by a supply and demand plan, and the dischargeable power upper limit value and the chargeable power upper limit value are values ​​determined in advance. By using such a relational equation and constraint equation, the plan formulation unit 13c can prevent the charge / discharge amount of the system battery 42 from falling outside the chargeable / dischargeable power range even if the charge / discharge amount changes from the value determined by the supply and demand plan due to a supply and demand balance fluctuation.

[0067] <Second example> In a second example, the planning unit 13c predicts the amount of fluctuation in the supply and demand balance of the microgrid 40, and prepares a supply and demand plan by suppressing the maximum power generation amount of PV for each time period during the time period when the predicted amount of fluctuation in the supply and demand balance exceeds a predetermined charging margin or discharging margin.

[0068] <Third Example> In a third example, when the measured value of the charge / discharge amount of the system storage battery 42 falls outside the target charge / discharge power range of the system storage battery 42, the plan formulation unit 13c suppresses the maximum power generation amount of the PV for each time period.

[0069] FIG. 11 is an example of a graph of the charge / discharge amount of the system battery 42 in this embodiment. In FIG. 11, the vertical axis represents the charge / discharge amount of the system battery 42, and the horizontal axis represents time. The power controller of the system battery 42 has a chargeable power upper limit Cu and a dischargeable power upper limit Du, and when the charge / discharge amount of the system battery 42 reaches these values, a gate block occurs. In order to prevent the gate block, the planning unit 13c sets the target value of the charge / discharge amount of the system battery 42 between a charge target power upper limit Ctu and a discharge target power upper limit DTu, which are obtained by taking a charge margin CM and a discharge margin DM from the chargeable power upper limit Cu and the dischargeable power upper limit Du, respectively. However, the actual charge / discharge amount of the system battery 42 may deviate from the charge target power upper limit Ctu and the discharge target power upper limit DTu due to supply and demand balance fluctuations, as shown in the graph of FIG. 11. The supply and demand management device 10c of this embodiment controls the supply and demand balance fluctuation to be smaller than the charging margin CM and the discharging margin DM by using the maximum power generation amount of PV for each time period as a control variable.

[0070] In this manner, the planning unit of the supply and demand management device 10c in this embodiment plans a supply and demand plan for the microgrid 40 including a demand response, using the maximum power generation amount by time period of the PV connected to the microgrid 40 as a control variable. This enables the supply and demand management device 10c to prevent the gate of the system storage battery 42 from being blocked.

[0071] <Fifth embodiment> The power supply and demand management system 100 according to the fifth embodiment is similar to that shown in Fig. 1, but the operations of the supply and demand management device 10 and the IED 43 are different. Fig. 12 is a schematic block diagram showing the configuration of a consumer system 44 in the fifth embodiment. The consumer system 44 includes a smart meter 44-1, a storage battery system 44-2, a PV system 44-3, and a load 44-4. The smart meter 44-1, the storage battery system 44-2, the PV system 44-3, and the load 44-4 are connected to the IED 43 so as to be able to communicate with each other via wireless communication or wired communication.

[0072] The smart meter 44-1 measures the power supply or power demand of the battery storage system 44-2, the PV system 44-3, and the load 44-4. The storage battery system 44-2 is a storage battery provided in a consumer facility, stores the power supplied from the PV system 44-3 or the microgrid 40, and supplies the power to the microgrid 40 or a load 44-4.

[0073] The PV system 44-3 is a PV provided by a consumer, and supplies electric power to the storage battery system 44-2, the load 44-4, or the microgrid 40. The load 44-4 is a load that generates power demand in a consumer facility. The IED 43 (customer terminal) controls the amount of charge and discharge of the storage battery system 44-2 based on the power demand measured by the smart meter 44-1.

[0074] 13 is a flowchart illustrating an example of the operation of the supply and demand management device 10 in this embodiment. First, the supply and demand management device 10 measures the average discharge amount of the system storage battery 42 (step Sc1). Here, the average discharge amount is an average value of the discharge amount of the system storage battery 42 over a predetermined time period. This predetermined time period is preferably longer than the supply and demand balance fluctuation.

[0075] Next, the supply and demand management device 10 compares the average discharge amount with a predetermined threshold, and if the average discharge amount exceeds the threshold (step Sc2-Yes), increases the discharge amount of the storage battery system 44-2 (step Sc3). The supply and demand management device 10 increases the discharge amount of the storage battery system 44-2 by controlling via the RA device 20 and the IED 43. The threshold is a value smaller than the upper limit of dischargeable power.

[0076] This makes it possible to prevent the discharge amount of the system storage battery 42 from reaching the upper limit of dischargeable power due to fluctuations in the supply and demand balance or the like.

[0077] 14 is a flowchart for explaining an example of the operation of the power supply and demand management system 100 in this embodiment. First, the supply and demand management device 10 sets information indicating an allowable range of output fluctuation with respect to an average power demand of a consumer to the IED 43 (step Sd1). This information indicating the allowable range of output fluctuation may include a short-term maximum output fluctuation value on the load side and a short-term maximum output fluctuation value on the power generation side.

[0078] Next, the IED 43 determines the allowable range of power demand based on the average power demand at the consumer and the information indicating the allowable range of output fluctuation (step Sd2). Here, the average power demand at the consumer is the average value of the power demand measured by the smart meter 44-1 over a predetermined time period. The allowable range of power demand is a range determined by the short-term maximum output fluctuation value on the load side and the short-term maximum output fluctuation value on the generator side based on the average power demand, that is, from the value obtained by subtracting the short-term maximum output fluctuation value on the generator side from the average power demand to the value obtained by adding the short-term maximum output fluctuation value on the load side to the average power demand.

[0079] Next, the IED 43 determines whether the power demand at the consumer exceeds the power demand tolerance range, and if it does (step Sd3-Yes), the IED 43 controls the charging and discharging of the storage battery system 44-2 (step Sd4). Specifically, if the power demand exceeds the load side of the power demand tolerance range, the IED 43 controls the charging and discharging amount of the storage battery system 44-2 to increase on the discharging side (increase the discharging amount or decrease the charging amount). Also, if the power demand exceeds the power generation side of the power demand tolerance range, the IED 43 controls the charging and discharging amount of the storage battery system 44-2 to increase on the charging side (decrease the discharging amount or increase the charging amount). The power demand at the consumer is the power demand measured by the smart meter 44-1.

[0080] This makes it possible to control the charging and discharging of the storage battery system 44-2 in response to fluctuations in the supply and demand balance with a shorter response time than the operation of Figure 13, and to prevent the discharge amount of the system storage battery 42 from reaching the upper limit of dischargeable power due to fluctuations in the supply and demand balance, etc.

[0081] Although the above-mentioned embodiments have been described separately, they may be combined in any desired manner.

[0082] FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram illustrating the hardware configuration of each device according to each embodiment. The devices are the supply and demand management device 10, the RA device 20, the weather data providing device 30, the IED 41, and the IED 43. Each device is configured to include an input / output module I, a memory module M, and a control module P. The input / output module I is realized to include a part or all of the communication module H11, the connection module H12, the pointing device H21, the keyboard H22, the display H23, the button H3, the microphone H41, the speaker H42, the camera H51, or the sensor H52. The memory module M is realized to include a drive H7. The memory module M may further be configured to include a part or all of the memory H8. The control module P is realized to include a memory H8 and a processor H9. These hardware components are connected to each other so as to be able to communicate with each other via a bus, and are supplied with power from a power source H6.

[0083] The connection module H12 is a digital input / output port such as a USB (Universal Seriul Bus). In the case of a portable device, the pointing device H21, the keyboard H22, and the display H23 are touch panels. The sensor H52 is an acceleration sensor, a gyro sensor, a GPS receiving module, a proximity sensor, or the like. The power source H6 is a power supply unit that supplies electricity required to operate each device. In the case of a portable device, the power source H6 is a battery. The drive H7 is an auxiliary storage medium such as a hard disk drive or a solid state drive. The drive H7 may be a non-volatile memory such as an EEPROM or a flash memory, or a magneto-optical disk drive or a flexible disk drive. In addition, the drive H7 is not limited to being built into each device, but may be an external storage device connected to a connector of the connection module H12. The memory H8 is a main storage medium such as a random access memory. The memory H8 may be a cache memory. The memory H8 stores instructions when the instructions are executed by one or more processors H9. The processor H9 is a CPU (Central Processing Unit). The processor H9 may be a microprocessing unit (MPU) or a graphics processing unit (GPU). The processor H9 reads out programs and various data from the drive H7 via the memory H8 and performs calculations to execute instructions stored in one or more memories H8.

[0084] The input / output module I is used in the supply and demand management device 10, the RA device 20, the meteorological data providing device 30, the IED 41, the IED 43, etc. The control module P is used to implement each part of the supply and demand management device 10, the RA device 20, the meteorological data providing device 30, the IED 41, and the IED 43. In this specification and the like, the descriptions of the supply and demand management device 10, the RA device 20, the meteorological data providing device 30, the IED 41, and the IED 43 may be replaced with the description of the control module P.

[0085] The present disclosure may be embodied as follows. (1) One embodiment of the present disclosure is a supply and demand management device that manages the supply and demand of electricity of a microgrid, and includes a disaster information acquisition unit that acquires information related to a disaster, a constraint determination unit that determines a lower limit value of a charge state of a grid storage battery connected to the microgrid based on the information related to the disaster, and a planning unit that creates a supply and demand plan for the microgrid including the charge and discharge amount of the grid storage battery, using the lower limit value determined by the constraint determination unit as a constraint condition.

[0086] (2) Another embodiment of the present disclosure is the supply and demand management device described in (1), wherein, when the microgrid is in a grid-connected mode in which it can receive power supply from another grid, the constraint determination unit sets a lower limit value of the state of charge in a period determined based on information related to the disaster to be a period in which the probability of a disaster occurring is higher than normal, higher than the lower limit value in normal times.

[0087] (3) Another embodiment of the present disclosure is a supply and demand management device described in (1) or (2), wherein the disaster-related information is meteorological observation information, meteorological forecast information, or earthquake observation information.

[0088] (4) Another embodiment of the present disclosure is a supply and demand management device described in any one of (1) to (3), or a supply and demand management device that manages the supply and demand of electricity of a microgrid, comprising: a planning unit that plans a supply and demand plan for a planning period of the microgrid including demand response; a prediction unit that predicts a difference between an accumulated load amount and an accumulated power generation amount of the microgrid for a period after the planning period; and a constraint determination unit that determines a charging state of a system storage battery connected to the microgrid at an end of the planning period, the charging state being based on the difference, as a constraint condition when the planning unit plans the supply and demand plan.

[0089] (5) Another embodiment of the present disclosure is a supply and demand management device described in any one of (1) to (4), or a supply and demand management device that manages the supply and demand of electricity of a microgrid, comprising: an interconnection plan acquisition unit that acquires interconnection plan information indicating a timing for connecting an apparatus to the microgrid; a constraint determination unit that determines, as a constraint condition, a charge / discharge amount of a system storage battery connected to the microgrid during a period including the timing; and a planning unit that uses the constraint condition to create a supply and demand plan for the microgrid during a planning period including the charge / discharge amount of the system storage battery connected to the microgrid.

[0090] (6) Another embodiment of the present disclosure is a supply and demand management device described in any one of (1) to (5), or a supply and demand management device that manages the supply and demand of electricity of a microgrid, comprising a planning unit that uses a maximum power generation amount by time period of a photovoltaic (PV) connected to the microgrid as a control variable and creates a supply and demand plan for the microgrid including a charge and discharge amount of a system storage battery connected to the microgrid.

[0091] (7) Another embodiment of the present disclosure is the supply and demand management device described in (6), wherein the planning unit plans the supply and demand plan using a relational equation between the maximum power generation amount by time period of the PV and the supply and demand balance fluctuation amount of the microgrid, and a constraint equation that sets a combined value of the charge / discharge amount of a system storage battery connected to the microgrid and the supply and demand balance fluctuation amount within a chargeable / dischargeable power range of the system storage battery.

[0092] (8) Another embodiment of the present disclosure is the supply and demand management device described in (6), wherein the planning unit predicts a supply and demand balance fluctuation amount of the microgrid, and creates the supply and demand plan by suppressing a maximum power generation amount of the PV for each time period during a time period in which the predicted supply and demand balance fluctuation amount exceeds a predetermined charging margin or discharging margin.

[0093] (9) Another embodiment of the present disclosure is the supply and demand management device described in (6), wherein the planning unit suppresses the maximum power generation amount of the PV for each time period when a measured value of a charge / discharge amount of a grid storage battery connected to the microgrid falls outside a target charge / discharge power range of the grid storage battery.

[0094] (10) Another embodiment of the present disclosure is an electricity supply and demand management system that includes a supply and demand management device described in any one of (1) to (9) or a supply and demand management device that manages the supply and demand of electricity of a microgrid, and a consumer terminal that controls a storage battery of a consumer of the microgrid, wherein the supply and demand management device sets, to the consumer terminal, information indicating an acceptable range of output fluctuation for an average electricity demand of the consumer, and the consumer terminal controls charging and discharging of the consumer's storage battery when the electricity demand of the consumer exceeds an acceptable range of electricity demand based on the average electricity demand of the consumer and the information indicating the acceptable range of output fluctuation.

[0095] (11) Another embodiment of the present disclosure is the electricity supply and demand management system described in (10), wherein the supply and demand management device increases the discharge amount of a consumer's battery connected to the microgrid when an average discharge amount of a system battery connected to the microgrid exceeds a threshold value.

[0096] (12) Another embodiment of the present disclosure is an electricity supply and demand management system including a supply and demand management device that manages supply and demand of electricity of a microgrid and a resource aggregation device that aggregates resources of consumers in the microgrid, wherein the supply and demand management device includes a disaster information acquisition unit that acquires information related to a disaster, a constraint determination unit that determines a lower limit value of a charge state of a grid storage battery connected to the microgrid based on the information related to the disaster, and a planning unit that creates a supply and demand plan for the microgrid including a charge and discharge amount of the grid storage battery using the lower limit value determined by the constraint determination unit as a constraint condition.

[0097] (13) Another embodiment of the present disclosure is a method for managing power supply and demand in a microgrid, the method including the steps of acquiring information related to a disaster, determining a lower limit of a state of charge of a grid storage battery connected to the microgrid based on the information related to the disaster, and formulating a supply and demand plan for the microgrid including a charge and discharge amount of the grid storage battery using the lower limit as a constraint condition.

[0098] (14) Another embodiment of the present disclosure is a program for causing a computer to function as a disaster information acquisition unit that acquires information related to a disaster, a constraint determination unit that determines a lower limit value of a state of charge of a grid storage battery connected to a microgrid based on the information related to the disaster, and a planning unit that creates a supply and demand plan for the microgrid including the charge and discharge amount of the grid storage battery, using the lower limit value determined by the constraint determination unit as a constraint condition.

[0099] 1, 2, 5, 8, 10, and 12, a program for realizing the functions of the supply and demand management devices 10, 10a, 10b, and 10c, the RA device 20, the IED 41, and the IED 43 may be recorded on a computer-readable recording medium, and the program recorded on the recording medium may be read into a computer system and executed to realize the supply and demand management devices 10, 10a, 10b, and 10c, the RA device 20, the IED 41, and the IED 43. Note that the term "computer system" here includes hardware such as an OS and peripheral devices.

[0100] In addition, "computer-readable recording medium" refers to portable media such as flexible disks, optical magnetic disks, ROMs, and CD-ROMs, and storage devices such as hard disks built into computer systems. Furthermore, "computer-readable recording medium" also includes those that dynamically hold a program for a short period of time, such as a communication line when transmitting a program via a network such as the Internet or a communication line such as a telephone line, and those that hold a program for a certain period of time, such as volatile memory inside a computer system that serves as a server or client in such cases. Furthermore, the above program may be one that realizes part of the above-mentioned functions, or may be one that can realize the above-mentioned functions in combination with a program already recorded in the computer system.

[0101] Although the embodiment of this disclosure has been described in detail above with reference to the drawings, the specific configuration is not limited to this embodiment, and design changes and the like are also included within the scope that does not depart from the gist of this disclosure. [Explanation of symbols]

[0102] 10, 10a, 10b, 10c Supply and demand management device 11 Measurement section 12, 12a Prediction Section 13, 13c Planning Department 14 Control section 15 Disaster Information Acquisition Department 16, 16a, 16b, 16c Constraint determination section 17b Coordination Planning Department 20 RA equipment 30 Weather data providing device 40 Microgrid 41, 43 IED 42 Grid storage battery 44 Consumer Systems 50 Distribution Substations 100 Electricity supply and demand management system

Claims

1. A supply and demand management device that manages the supply and demand of power in a microgrid, An interconnection plan acquisition unit that acquires interconnection plan information indicating a timing for interconnecting a device to the microgrid; a constraint determination unit that determines, as a constraint condition, a charge / discharge amount of a system storage battery connected to the microgrid in a period before and after the timing, so as to be closer to the charging side than in a period other than the period before and after the timing; a planning unit that uses the constraint conditions to create a supply and demand plan for the microgrid during a planning period, the supply and demand plan including a charge and discharge amount of a system storage battery connected to the microgrid; A supply and demand management device comprising:

2. A supply and demand management device that manages the supply and demand of power in a microgrid, a planning unit that creates a supply and demand plan for the microgrid including a charge and discharge amount of a system storage battery connected to the microgrid, using a maximum power generation amount by time period of a PV (Photovoltaic) connected to the microgrid as a control variable; Equipped with The planning unit creates the supply and demand plan using a relational equation between the maximum power generation amount of the PV by time period and the supply and demand balance fluctuation amount of the microgrid, and a constraint equation that sets a combined value of the charge / discharge amount of a system storage battery connected to the microgrid and the supply and demand balance fluctuation amount within a chargeable / dischargeable power range of the system storage battery.

3. A supply and demand management device that manages the supply and demand of power in a microgrid, a planning unit that creates a supply and demand plan for the microgrid including a charge and discharge amount of a system storage battery connected to the microgrid, using a maximum power generation amount by time period of a PV (Photovoltaic) connected to the microgrid as a control variable; Equipped with The planning unit predicts a supply and demand balance fluctuation amount of the microgrid, and suppresses the maximum power generation amount of the PV by time period during a time period when the predicted supply and demand balance fluctuation amount exceeds a predetermined charging margin or discharging margin, thereby preparing the supply and demand plan.

4. A supply and demand management device that manages the supply and demand of power in a microgrid, a planning unit that creates a supply and demand plan for the microgrid including a charge and discharge amount of a system storage battery connected to the microgrid, using a maximum power generation amount by time period of a PV (Photovoltaic) connected to the microgrid as a control variable; Equipped with The planning unit is a supply and demand management device that suppresses the maximum power generation amount of the PV for each time period when a measured value of the charge and discharge amount of the system storage battery connected to the microgrid falls outside a target charge and discharge power range of the system storage battery.

5. A supply and demand management device that manages the supply and demand of power in the microgrid; A consumer terminal that controls a storage battery of a consumer of the microgrid; Equipped with The supply and demand management device sets, in the customer terminal, information indicating an allowable output fluctuation range with respect to an average power demand of the customer, the customer terminal controls charging and discharging of a storage battery of the customer when the power demand of the customer exceeds an allowable power demand range based on an average power demand of the customer and the information indicating the allowable output fluctuation range; the supply and demand management device increases a discharge amount of the storage battery of the consumer connected to the microgrid when an average discharge amount of the storage battery for the grid connected to the microgrid exceeds a threshold value. Electricity supply and demand management system.

6. A method for managing power supply and demand in a microgrid, comprising: A first step of acquiring interconnection plan information indicating a timing for interconnecting devices to the microgrid; A second step of determining, as a constraint condition, a charge / discharge amount of a system storage battery connected to the microgrid in a period before and after the timing, so as to be closer to the charge side than in a period other than the period before and after the timing; a third step of formulating a supply and demand plan for the microgrid during a planning period, the supply and demand plan including a charge and discharge amount of a system storage battery connected to the microgrid, using the constraint conditions; A supply and demand management method comprising:

7. A method for managing power supply and demand in a microgrid, comprising: A first step of creating a supply and demand plan for the microgrid including a charge and discharge amount of a system storage battery connected to the microgrid, using a maximum power generation amount by time period of a PV (Photovoltaic) connected to the microgrid as a control variable. having a supply and demand management method, in which in the first step, the supply and demand plan is formulated using a relational equation between the maximum power generation amount by time period of the PV and the supply and demand balance fluctuation amount of the microgrid, and a constraint equation that sets a combined value of the charge and discharge amount of a system storage battery connected to the microgrid and the supply and demand balance fluctuation amount within a chargeable and dischargeable power range of the system storage battery.

8. A method for managing power supply and demand in a microgrid, comprising: A first step of creating a supply and demand plan for the microgrid including a charge and discharge amount of a system storage battery connected to the microgrid, using a maximum power generation amount by time period of a PV (Photovoltaic) connected to the microgrid as a control variable. having A supply and demand management method, in which in the first step, a supply and demand balance fluctuation amount of the microgrid is predicted, and the supply and demand plan is formulated by suppressing a maximum power generation amount of the PV by time period during a time period in which the predicted supply and demand balance fluctuation amount exceeds a predetermined charging margin or discharging margin.

9. A method for managing power supply and demand in a microgrid, comprising: A first step of creating a supply and demand plan for the microgrid including a charge and discharge amount of a system storage battery connected to the microgrid, using a maximum power generation amount by time period of a PV (Photovoltaic) connected to the microgrid as a control variable. having A supply and demand management method, comprising: in the first step, when a measured value of a charge / discharge amount of a system storage battery connected to the microgrid falls outside a target charge / discharge power range of the system storage battery, suppressing a maximum power generation amount of the PV for each time period.

10. A first step in which a supply and demand management device that manages the supply and demand of electricity in a microgrid sets information indicating an allowable range of output fluctuation with respect to an average electricity demand of a consumer in a consumer terminal that controls a storage battery of the microgrid; a second step of controlling charging and discharging of a storage battery of the consumer when the power demand of the consumer exceeds a power demand tolerance range based on an average power demand of the consumer and information indicating the output fluctuation tolerance range; a third step of increasing a discharge amount of the storage battery of the consumer connected to the microgrid when an average discharge amount of the storage battery for grid connected to the microgrid exceeds a threshold value by the supply and demand management device; A supply and demand management method having the above structure.

11. A computer of a supply and demand management device that manages the supply and demand of electricity in a microgrid, an interconnection plan acquisition unit that acquires interconnection plan information indicating a timing for interconnecting devices with the microgrid; a constraint determination unit that determines, as a constraint condition, a charge / discharge amount of the system storage battery connected to the microgrid in a period before and after the timing, so as to be closer to the charging side than in a period other than the period before and after the timing; a planning unit that uses the constraint conditions to create a supply and demand plan for the microgrid during a planning period, the supply and demand plan including a charge and discharge amount of a system storage battery connected to the microgrid. A program to function as a

12. A computer of a supply and demand management device that manages the supply and demand of electricity in a microgrid, a planning unit that creates a supply and demand plan for the microgrid including a charge and discharge amount of a system storage battery connected to the microgrid, using a maximum power generation amount by time period of a PV (Photovoltaic) connected to the microgrid as a control variable; A program for causing the device to function as a The program, wherein the planning unit creates the supply and demand plan using a relational equation between the maximum power generation amount of the PV by time period and the supply and demand balance fluctuation amount of the microgrid, and a constraint equation that sets a combined value of the charge / discharge amount of a system storage battery connected to the microgrid and the supply and demand balance fluctuation amount within a chargeable / dischargeable power range of the system storage battery.

13. A computer of a supply and demand management device that manages the supply and demand of electricity in a microgrid, a planning unit that creates a supply and demand plan for the microgrid including a charge and discharge amount of a system storage battery connected to the microgrid, using a maximum power generation amount by time period of a PV (Photovoltaic) connected to the microgrid as a control variable; A program for causing the device to function as a The planning unit predicts a fluctuation in the supply and demand balance of the microgrid, and suppresses the maximum power generation amount of the PV by time period during a time period when the predicted fluctuation in the supply and demand balance exceeds a predetermined charging margin or discharging margin, thereby formulating the supply and demand plan.

14. A computer of a supply and demand management device that manages the supply and demand of electricity in a microgrid, a planning unit that creates a supply and demand plan for the microgrid including a charge and discharge amount of a system storage battery connected to the microgrid, using a maximum power generation amount by time period of a PV (Photovoltaic) connected to the microgrid as a control variable; A program for causing the device to function as a The planning unit is a program that suppresses the maximum power generation amount of the PV for each time period when a measured value of the charge / discharge amount of the grid storage battery connected to the microgrid falls outside a target charge / discharge power range of the grid storage battery.

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