Method, apparatus and communication device for extending uplink phase tracking reference signal PT-RS

JP7651721B2Active Publication Date: 2025-03-26BEIJING XIAOMI MOBILE SOFTWARE CO LTD
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Patent Information

Application Number
JP2023560046
Authority / Receiving Office
JP · JP
Patent Type
Patents
Current Assignee / Owner
Filing Date
2021-04-01
Publication Date
2025-03-26
Estimated Expiration
2041-04-01

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Abstract

The present disclosure provides an uplink phase tracking reference signal PT-RS extension method, apparatus and communication device, which relates to the field of wireless communication technology. The method includes a step of sending an indication message to a UE by a network side device, the indication message includes a plurality of PT-RS indication information indicating that a plurality of transmission / reception points TRPs correspond to each other, the PT-RS indication information indicates that the transmission is directed to the corresponding TRP, and indicates a demodulation reference signal DMRS port associated with the corresponding PT-RS port. In one possible embodiment of the present disclosure, the indication message sent to the UE includes a plurality of PT-RS indication information for corresponding TRP transmission, and each PT-RS indication information indicates a DMRS port associated with the corresponding PT-RS port, so that when the PT-RS transmits based on multiple TRPs, the problem that different CPE noise sources cannot be associated with DMRS ports is solved, which is favorable to improving system performance.
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Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of wireless communication technology, and particularly to an extension method, apparatus and communication device for an uplink phase tracking reference signal PT-RS. [Background technology]

[0002] The application of base station multi-TRP (Transmission Reception Point) / PANEL (antenna panel) is mainly to improve cell edge coverage, provide more balanced service quality within the service area, and transmit data between multi-TRP / PANEL in different ways in cooperation. From the perspective of network topology, network deployment in the manner of a large number of distributed access points and baseband centralized processing is favorable to provide balanced user experience speed, and significantly reduces handover delay and signaling overhead. Using cooperation between multiple TRP / PANEL to transmit / receive channels from multiple beams at multiple angles can better overcome various shadowing / blocking effects, ensure the robustness of link connection, and is suitable for URLLC (Ultra Reliable and Low Latency Communication) services to improve transmission quality and meet reliability requirements.

[0003] In the R16 research phase, based on the application of multi-point coordinated transmission technology between downlink multi-TRP / PANEL, transmission extension was made to PDSCH (Physical Downlink Shared Channel). Because data transmission includes uplink and downlink channel scheduling feedback, URLLC research cannot guarantee the overall service performance only for the extension of downlink data channel. Therefore, in R17 research, PDCCH (Physical Downlink Control Channel), PUCCH (Physical Uplink Control Channel) and PUSCH (Physical Uplink Shared Channel) will continue to be extended.

[0004] Based on the multi-TRP PUSCH extension, the main method of PUSCH transmission currently controlled based on a single DCI (Downlink Control Information) is to use two independent SRI (Scheduling Request Indication) domains in DCI 0_1 / 0_2 to control PUSCH transmissions directed to different TRPs, each of which corresponds to an SRI indication facing a different TRP.

[0005] In PUSCH transmissions destined for different TRPs, the PUSCH may be different during transmissions destined for different TRPs due to different CPE (Common Phase Error) noise sources present in the terminal in FR 2 (Frequency Range 2). The strongest DMRS (Demodulation Reference Signal) port where the PT-RS (Phase Tracking Reference Signal) is associated with one of the TRPs is not necessarily the same as the strongest DMRS port transmitted to another TRP. Therefore, it is necessary to consider redefining the correlation between the PT-RS and different DMRS ports of the user uplink scheduling, i.e., correlation extension. Otherwise, the estimation accuracy of the PT-RS cannot be guaranteed, and the compensation effect on the CPE will be reduced, affecting the system performance. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0006] An embodiment of a first aspect of the present disclosure provides an extension method for an uplink phase tracking reference signal PT-RS, which is applied to a network side device, and the method includes a step of sending an indication message to a user equipment UE, the indication message including a plurality of PT-RS indication information indicating that a plurality of transmission / reception points TRPs correspond to each of the PT-RS indication information, the PT-RS indication information indicating that the PT-RS indication information is sent toward a corresponding TRP, and indicating a demodulation reference signal DMRS port associated with the corresponding PT-RS port.

[0007] Optionally, sending an indication message to the user equipment UE includes sending the indication message to the UE via downlink control information DCI.

[0008] Optionally, the indication message is determined based on the maximum number of uplink transmission layers supported by the network-configured UE in the current partial bandwidth BWP and the number of PT-RS ports corresponding to the uplink transmission of the network-configured UE.

[0009] Alternatively, in response to the network configuration having a maximum uplink transmission layer number greater than two layers, the DCI includes two corresponding independent PT-RS indication domains; In response to the network configuration having an uplink maximum transmission layer number of two layers and an uplink PT-RS port number of one, the DCI includes a corresponding PT-RS indication domain; In response to the network configuration having a maximum uplink transmission layer number of two layers and a number of the uplink PT-RS ports being two, the indication message is not added to the DCI; In response to the network setting that the maximum uplink transmission layer number is one layer, the indication message is not added to the DCI.

[0010] Optionally, the method further includes a step of transmitting PUSCHs toward a plurality of TRPs, and transmitting corresponding independent PT-RS reference signals toward the PUSCHs of the plurality of TRPs, each port of the PT-RS being associated with a modulation reference signal DMRS port of the same TRP transmission direction.

[0011] Alternatively, in response to the network configuration having a maximum uplink transmission layer number of two layers and a number of uplink PT-RS ports of one, the instruction message includes a first PT-RS instruction domain, and the first PT-RS instruction domain includes PT-RS instruction information respectively corresponding to the PT-RSs transmitted in multiple TRP transmission directions.

[0012] Optionally, the method further includes a step of mapping the PT-RS port to the PT-RS indication information and transmitting the PT-RS using a DMRS port indicated by the PT-RS indication information in all transmission timings TO of transmission to a plurality of TRPs, in which a set of DMRS ports associated with each PT-RS port in a plurality of TRP transmission directions is pre-configured, and the set of DMRS ports includes a DMRS port for transmitting the PT-RS.

[0013] Alternatively, if the UE reports and supports a PT-RS alternating mapping scheme and the UE is network configured to be mapped according to the alternating mapping scheme, for all ports consisting of a network-configured set of DMRS ports associated with each PT-RS port, each PT-RS port is alternately mapped to transmit a PT-RS on a different DMRS port associated with the PT-RS port, and transmits using a DMRS port associated with the PT-RS port at different transmission timings TO for the corresponding TRP transmission direction, and the DMRS port indicated by the PT-RS indication information is mapped to the initial start transmission timing TO of the corresponding TRP transmission direction.

[0014] Optionally, in response to the network configuration having an uplink maximum transmission layer number greater than two layers and having one uplink PT-RS port, the indication message includes a plurality of second PT-RS indication domains, each of the second PT-RS indication domains corresponding to one of the TRPs, the second PT-RS indication domains indicating that the second PT-RS indication domains are sent toward the corresponding TRPs, and are used to indicate a DMRS port associated with the corresponding PT-RS port.

[0015] Optionally, the method further includes a step of mapping the PT-RS port to the second PT-RS indication domain and transmitting the PT-RS using a DMRS port indicated by the second PT-RS indication domain in all transmission timings TO of transmission to a plurality of TRPs, in which a set of DMRS ports associated with the PT-RS ports of the plurality of TRP transmission directions are pre-configured, and the set of DMRS ports includes a DMRS port for transmitting the PT-RS.

[0016] Optionally, the method further includes a step in which, when the UE reports and supports a PT-RS alternating mapping scheme and the UE is network configured to map according to the alternating mapping scheme, for all ports corresponding to a set of associated DMRS ports in a network configuration, the PT-RS ports are sequentially and alternately carried in the PT-RS indication information to indicate different DMRS ports and mapped to different TOs for corresponding TRP transmissions, wherein a DMRS port indicated by the second PT-RS indication domain is mapped to an initial starting TO of a corresponding TRP transmission direction.

[0017] Optionally, in response to the network configuration having an uplink maximum transmission layer number greater than two layers and the number of uplink PT-RS ports being two, the instruction message includes a plurality of third PT-RS indication domains, each of the third PT-RS indication domains corresponding to one of the TRPs, and the third PT-RS indication domains are sent toward corresponding TRPs, representing two DMRS ports associated with the two PT-RS ports.

[0018] Optionally, the method further includes a step of mapping the PT-RS port to the third PT-RS indication domain and transmitting the PT-RS using two DMRS ports indicated by the third PT-RS indication domain in all transmission timings TO of transmission to multiple TRPs, in which a set of DMRS ports associated with each port of the PT-RS in multiple TRP transmission directions is pre-configured, and the set of DMRS ports includes a DMRS port for transmitting the PT-RS.

[0019] Alternatively, if the UE reports and supports a PT-RS alternating mapping scheme and the UE is network configured to map according to the alternating mapping scheme, for all ports corresponding to a set of associated DMRS ports in a network configuration, the PT-RS ports are alternately mapped in a sequential manner to the PT-RS indication information for indicating different DMRS ports and mapped to different TOs for corresponding TRP transmissions, and the DMRS port indicated by the third PT-RS indication domain is mapped to the initial starting TO of the corresponding TRP transmission direction.

[0020] Optionally, the method further includes a step of receiving a number of alternately mapped DMRS ports reported and supported by the UE and a number of DMRS ports configured by a network, and mapping the PT-RS ports in TOs corresponding to TRP transmission directions in which the number of alternately mapped DMRS ports configured by the UE is different.

[0021] An embodiment of a second aspect of the present disclosure provides an extension method for an uplink phase tracking reference signal PT-RS, applied to a user equipment, the method including: receiving an indication message sent from a network side device, the indication message including a plurality of PT-RS indication information indicating that a plurality of transmission / reception points TRPs correspond to each of the PT-RS indication information, the PT-RS indication information indicating that the PT-RS indication information is sent toward the corresponding TRP, and indicating a demodulation reference signal DMRS port associated with the corresponding PT-RS port.

[0022] Optionally, receiving an indication message sent from the network side device includes receiving the indication message sent by the network side device via downlink control information DCI.

[0023] An embodiment of a third aspect of the present disclosure provides an extension device for an uplink phase tracking reference signal PT-RS, which is applied to a network side device, the device comprising: A transmitting module for transmitting an indication message to a user equipment (UE), the indication message including a plurality of PT-RS indication information indicating that a plurality of transmission / reception points (TRPs) correspond to each of the PT-RS indication information, the PT-RS indication information indicating that the PT-RS indication information is transmitted toward a corresponding TRP, and indicating a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) port associated with the corresponding PT-RS port.

[0024] An embodiment of a fourth aspect of the present disclosure provides an extension device for an uplink phase tracking reference signal PT-RS, applied to a user equipment, the device comprising: A receiving module for receiving an instruction message sent from a network side device, the instruction message including a plurality of PT-RS instruction information indicating that a plurality of transmission / reception points TRPs correspond to each of the plurality of PT-RS instruction information, the PT-RS instruction information indicating that the plurality of PT-RS instruction information is sent toward a corresponding TRP, and a receiving module for indicating a demodulation reference signal DMRS port associated with the corresponding PT-RS port.

[0025] An embodiment of a fifth aspect of the present disclosure provides a communication device, comprising: a transceiver; a memory; and a processor respectively connected to the transceiver and the memory, configured to control radio signal transmission and reception of the transceiver by executing computer-executable instructions on the memory, and to realize the extension method of an uplink phase tracking reference signal PT-RS provided by an embodiment of the first aspect of the present disclosure, or to realize the extension method of an uplink phase tracking reference signal PT-RS provided by an embodiment of the second aspect of the present disclosure.

[0026] An embodiment of a sixth aspect of the present disclosure provides a computer storage medium having computer-executable instructions stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, can realize the method for extending an uplink phase tracking reference signal PT-RS provided by the embodiment of the first aspect of the present disclosure or the method for extending an uplink phase tracking reference signal PT-RS provided by the embodiment of the second aspect of the present disclosure.

[0027] An embodiment of a seventh aspect of the present disclosure provides a computer program product including a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, realizes the extension method for an uplink phase tracking reference signal PT-RS provided by the embodiment of the first aspect of the present disclosure, or realizes the extension method for an uplink phase tracking reference signal PT-RS provided by the embodiment of the second aspect of the present disclosure.

[0028] The uplink PT-RS extension method, apparatus and communication device provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure include a network side device sending an indication message to a user equipment UE, the indication message includes a plurality of PT-RS indication information for indicating that a plurality of transmission / reception points TRPs correspond to each other, and the PT-RS indication information indicates that the transmission is directed to the corresponding TRP, and is used to indicate the demodulation reference signal DMRS port associated with the corresponding PT-RS port. In one possible embodiment of the present disclosure, the indication message sent to the UE includes a plurality of PT-RS indication information for the corresponding TRP transmission, and each PT-RS indication information indicates the DMRS port associated with the corresponding PT-RS port, so as to solve the problem that the PT-RS cannot be associated with a DMRS port for different CPE noise sources when transmitting based on multiple TRPs, which is favorable to improving system performance.

[0029] Additional features and advantages of the present application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the disclosure. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0030] The above and / or additional features and advantages of the present application will become more apparent and easier to understand from the following description of the embodiments with reference to the drawings. [Figure 1] FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating an example of PUSCH duplicate transmission type A. [Diagram 2] FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating an example of PUSCH duplicate transmission type B. [Diagram 3] FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating another example of PUSCH duplicate transmission type B. [Figure 4] 1 is a schematic flow chart of an extension method of an uplink phase tracking reference signal PT-RS provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Diagram 5] 1 is a schematic flow chart of another uplink PT-RS extension method provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 6]1 is a schematic flow chart of another uplink PT-RS extension method provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 7] 1 is a schematic flow chart of another uplink PT-RS extension method provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 8] 1 is a schematic flow chart of another uplink PT-RS extension method provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 9] 1 is a schematic flow chart of another uplink PT-RS extension method provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 10] 1 is a schematic flow chart of another uplink PT-RS extension method provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 11] 1 is a schematic flow chart of another uplink PT-RS extension method provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 12] A schematic configuration diagram of an extension device of an uplink PT-RS provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 13] A schematic configuration diagram of another uplink PT-RS extension device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 14] FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a user equipment provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 15] FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram of a network side device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0031] Exemplary embodiments will now be described in detail, examples of which are illustrated in the drawings. Where the following description refers to the drawings, the same numerals in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise stated. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the embodiments of the present disclosure. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus and methods consistent with some aspects of the embodiments of the present disclosure, as detailed in the appended claims.

[0032] The terms used in the embodiments of the present disclosure are merely for the purpose of describing particular embodiments and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present disclosure. The singular forms "a" and "the" used in the embodiments of the present disclosure and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should be understood that the term "and / or" as used herein refers to and includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0033] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, terms such as first, second, third, etc. may be used to describe various pieces of information, but it should be understood that these pieces of information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are merely used to distinguish between the same types of information. For example, the first piece of information can be referred to as the second piece of information, and similarly, the second piece of information can be referred to as the first piece of information, without departing from the scope of the embodiments of the present disclosure. Depending on the context, the words "when" and "if" as used herein can be interpreted as "when" or "in the case of" or "responsive to a determination."

[0034] Hereinafter, the embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which the same or similar symbols throughout indicate the same or similar elements. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are for the purpose of illustrating the present disclosure, and should not be understood as limitations on the present disclosure.

[0035] Phase noise (PN) destroys the orthogonality of each subcarrier in an OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) system due to the implementation of local oscillators, which causes Common Phase Error (CPE), causes the modulation constellation to rotate at a fixed angle, causes Inter-Carrier Interference (ICI), and causes the scattering of constellation points, which is more pronounced at high frequencies. Because the impact of CPE is greater, compensation for CPE is mainly considered in NR (New Radio). In NR, the PT-RS signal is designed for CPE estimation, and in order to improve signal coverage and improve signal quality, the PT-RS is configured in the terminal by the network as a UE-specific reference signal, and the PT-RS is used to track the phase noise introduced by the local oscillators in the gNB and UE. PT-RS can be considered as an extension of DMRS and has close relations, such as adopting the same precoding, port association, orthogonal sequence generation, and QCL relations.

[0036] There is a correlation between the number of PT-RS ports and the number of phase noise sources, and when there are multiple independent phase noise sources, one PT-RS port for phase estimation is required for each phase noise source. Therefore, NR15 / 16 supports one PT-RS port for downlink and two PT-RS ports for uplink.

[0037] Whether to transmit a PT-RS signal in the uplink is also controlled by the setting of higher layer parameters. If the PT-RS signal is not configured in the UE by the higher layer parameters, the uplink UE will not transmit a PT-RS signal. If the higher layer configures the UE with parameters including the PT-RS signal and the number of PT-RS ports is 1 or 2, the PTRS-DMRS association indication domain in the UL DCI0_1 / 0_2 indicates that one DM-RS port is associated with this PT-RS port. When the number of PT-RS ports is 1, the specific correlation is shown in Table 1. [Table 1]

[0038] In Table 1, Value is an indicated value, and DMRS port describes the corresponding port number relationship represented by the indicated value by Value. If the indicated value is 0, the first scheduling DMRS port is associated with the PT-RS port, if the indicated value is 1, the second scheduling DMRS port is associated with the PT-RS port, if the indicated value is 2, the third scheduling DMRS port is associated with the PT-RS port, and if the indicated value is 4, the fourth scheduling DMRS port is associated with the PT-RS port.

[0039] The maximum number of PT-RS ports is obtained by the parameter setting of the upper layer. If the maximum number of PT-RS ports indicated is 2, the network side devices are divided into two groups through the DMRS ports corresponding to the SRS (Sounding Reference Signal) resources, and establish association relationships respectively.

[0040] When the number of PT-RS ports is 2, the specific correlation is shown in Table 2. [Table 2]

[0041] The Value of MSB refers to the value indicated by the most significant bit, and the Value of LSB is the value indicated by the least significant bit. If the value indicated by the most significant bit is 0, then PT-RS Port 0 is associated with the first DMRS port that shares this PT-RS Port 0. If the value indicated by the most significant bit is 1, then PT-RS Port 0 is associated with the second DMRS port that shares this PT-RS Port 0. If the value indicated by the least significant bit is 0, then PT-RS Port 1 is associated with the first DMRS port that shares this PT-RS Port 1. If the value indicated by the least significant bit is 1, then PT-RS Port 1 is associated with the second DMRS port that shares this PT-RS Port 1.

[0042] Each element in Table 1 and Table 2 exists independently, and although these elements are listed in the same table as an example, it is understood that not all elements shown in the tables should exist simultaneously as shown in the tables. The value of each element therein does not depend on the value of other elements in either Table 1 or Table 2. Therefore, one skilled in the art can understand that the value of each element in this Table 1 and Table 2 is an independent embodiment.

[0043] PUSCH uplink transmission schemes include codebook-based uplink transmission and non-codebook uplink transmission. For PUSCH transmissions to different TRPs, direction information can be indicated by the SRI domain in DCI signaling. Currently, the TDM (Test Data Management, Time Division Multiplexing Mode) duplication schemes of PUSCH mainly include PUSCH duplication type A and PUSCH duplication type B.

[0044] PUSCH duplicate transmission type A: The duplicate transmission between time slots is set by RRC (Radio Resource Control) signaling, and the same TB (Transport Block) is duplicated and transmitted at multiple transmission timings. Because the signal command at the cell edge is not good, one piece of information needs to be duplicated and transmitted many times, so this transmission type is mainly applied to the cell edge, and at the same time, the number of transmission layers is limited to one-sided transmission. One PUSCH transmits in K consecutive time slots, that is, K transmission timings, starts transmission on the Sth symbol in the starting time slot, and each transmission timing continues for L symbols, and at the same time, S+L should not cross the time slot boundary.

[0045] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of PUSCH duplicate transmission type A. As shown in FIG. 1, the same transmission block is duplicated and transmitted at two transmission timings, and each transmission timing lasts for four symbols.

[0046] PUSCH duplicated transmission type B: This transmission type realizes consecutive transmissions for the same TB one by one and can cross time slot boundaries. This transmission type has no limit on the number of transmission layers and can support uplink 1-4 layer data transmission. In the time domain, one PUSCH starts transmission on the Sth symbol in the starting time slot, and transmits K transmission timings consecutively, each transmission timing occupies L symbols consecutively (back-to-back), and transmission S+L can cross time slot boundaries.

[0047] FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of PUSCH duplicate transmission type B. As shown in FIG. 2, one PUSCH starts transmission on the fourth symbol of a starting time slot, and transmits four transmission timings consecutively, each transmission timing occupies four symbols consecutively, and the transmission can cross a time slot boundary, thereby completing the duplicate transmission of one PUSCH over a length greater than the length of one time slot.

[0048] FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of another PUSCH duplicate transmission type B. As shown in FIG. 3, one PUSCH starts transmission on the fourth symbol in the starting time slot, and transmits one transmission timing continuously, and each transmission timing occupies 14 symbols continuously, and the transmission can cross the time slot boundary, thereby completing the duplicate transmission of one PUSCH over a length greater than one time slot length.

[0049] For PUSCH based on multi-TRP transmission, the terminal further obtains spatial diversity gain by transmitting unified TB of PUSCH toward different TRPs in a coordinated manner, and improves transmission reliability. For different transmission timings, transmissions corresponding to different beam directions can be mapped, specifically, the overlapping transmission of multiple TBs can be mapped to K specific transmission timings according to the following multiple possible mapping rule schemes, and thus the transmission timings corresponding to beam transmission toward different TRPs are divided into two groups. In the following, K=8 is taken as an example. For example, alternating mapping: 12121212, continuous mapping: 11221122, half mapping: 11112222.

[0050] The strongest DMRS port of which the PT-RS is associated with one TRP is not necessarily the same as the strongest DMRS port sent to another TRP. Therefore, it is necessary to consider redefining the correlation between the PT-RS and different DMRS ports of the user uplink scheduling, that is, correlation extension. Otherwise, the estimation accuracy of the PT-RS cannot be guaranteed, and the compensation effect for the CPE will be reduced, affecting the system performance.

[0051] In response to the above problems, the present disclosure provides an extension method, apparatus and communication device for uplink phase tracking reference signal PT-RS.

[0052] 4 is a schematic flow chart of an uplink phase tracking reference signal PT-RS extension method provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, which can be applied to a network side device.

[0053] The network side device may include an access network device and a core network device, where the access network device is exemplified as a base station. The base station may include multiple cells that serve terminal devices. Depending on the specific application, each cell may also include multiple TRPs, or may be a device that communicates with wireless terminal devices through one or more sectors over the air interface in the access network, or other names. For example, the base station according to the embodiment of the present disclosure may be a BTS (Base Transceiver Station) in GSM (Global System for Mobile communications) or CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access), a base station (Node B) in WCDMA (Wide-band Code Division Multiple Access), an evolutional Node B (abbreviated as eNB or e-NodeB) in an LTE (long term evolution) system, a 5G base station (abbreviated as gNB) in a 5G network architecture (next generation system), a HeNB (Home evolved Node B), a relay node, a home base station (femto), a pico base station (pico), or the like, and is not limited to the embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0054] As shown in FIG. 4, this uplink PT-RS expansion method may include the following step 101.

[0055] Step 101: sending an instruction message to a user equipment UE, the instruction message including a plurality of PT-RS indication information for indicating a plurality of transmission / reception points TRP respectively corresponding thereto, the PT-RS indication information representing that it is transmitted towards the corresponding TRP, and is used to indicate a demodulation reference signal DMRS port associated with the corresponding PT-RS port.

[0056] The terminal device may be a device that provides voice and / or data connectivity to a user, a handheld device with wireless connectivity, or other processing device connected to a wireless modem, etc. In different systems, the name of the terminal device may also be different, for example, in a 5G system, the terminal device may be called UE (User Equipment). The wireless terminal device may communicate with one or more CNs (Core Networks) via a RAN (Radio Access Network), and the wireless terminal device may be a mobile terminal device, for example, a computer having a mobile phone (or "cellular" phone) and a mobile terminal device, for example, a portable, pocket, handheld, computer-embedded or vehicle-mounted mobile device, which exchanges language and / or data with the radio access network.

[0057] For example, the terminal device may be a device such as a Personal Communication Service (PCS) phone, a cordless phone, a Session Initiated Protocol (SIP) phone, a Wireless Local Loop (WLL) station, a Personal Digital Assistant (PDA), etc. The wireless terminal device may also be referred to as a system, and may be referred to as a subscriber unit, subscriber station, mobile station, mobile, remote station, access point, remote terminal device, access terminal device, user terminal device, user agent, user device, etc., without limitation, in the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0058] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, in PUSCH overlap transmission, due to the influence of channel change and estimated delay, it is difficult for the port associated with the PT-RS port not to change at multiple transmission timings. Therefore, for PUSCH transmissions directed to different TRPs, the network side device sends an instruction message to the UE to indicate multiple PT-RS instruction information indicating that multiple TRPs correspond to each other.

[0059] As the carrier frequency of the shock absorber increases, the phase noise also increases, and for 5G wireless networks operating in high frequency bands (e.g., millimeter frequency bands, etc.), the phase noise can be eliminated using the PT-RS signal. The PT-RS is a specific reference signal of the user terminal (i.e., the PT-RS signal is different for each terminal), and can be beamformed and incorporated into scheduled resources. The number of PT-RS ports may be smaller than the total number of ports, and the orthogonality between the PT-RS ports can be realized by FDM (Frequency-division multiplexing). In addition, the setting of the PT-RS signal is based on the shock absorber quality, the carrier frequency, the OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) subcarrier spacing, and the scheduling and encoding format for signal transmission.

[0060] The PT-RS indication information indicates that it is transmitted toward the corresponding TRP, and indicates the DMRS port associated with the corresponding PT-RS port.

[0061] In the uplink PT-RS extension method of the embodiment of the present disclosure, a network side device sends an instruction message to a UE, the instruction message includes a plurality of PT-RS indication information indicating that a plurality of transmission / reception point TRPs correspond to each other, and the PT-RS indication information indicates that the corresponding TRPs are transmitted, and indicates the demodulation reference signal DMRS port associated with the corresponding PT-RS port. In one possible embodiment of the present disclosure, the instruction message sent to the UE includes a plurality of PT-RS indication information for transmitting corresponding TRPs, and each PT-RS indication information indicates the DMRS port associated with the corresponding PT-RS port, so as to solve the problem that the PT-RS cannot be associated with a DMRS port for different CPE noise sources when transmitting according to multiple TRPs, and is favorable to improving system performance.

[0062] It should be noted that the above possible embodiments may be implemented alone or in combination, and the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0063] An embodiment of the present disclosure provides another uplink PT-RS extension method, and Fig. 5 is a schematic flow chart of another uplink PT-RS extension method provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. This uplink PT-RS extension method can be applied to a network side device. This uplink PT-RS extension method may be performed alone, or may be performed in combination with any embodiment or possible embodiment of the embodiment of the present disclosure, or may be performed in combination with any technical solution of the related art.

[0064] As shown in FIG. 5, this uplink PT-RS expansion method may include the following step 201.

[0065] Step 201, sending an indication message to a UE via downlink control information DCI.

[0066] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the network side device may send an indication message to the UE via the DCI.

[0067] The instruction message includes a plurality of PT-RS indication information for indicating that a plurality of transmission / reception points TRP correspond, respectively, and the PT-RS indication information indicates that it is transmitted toward the corresponding TRP and indicates the DMRS port associated with the corresponding PT-RS port.

[0068] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the indication message can be determined based on the maximum uplink transmission layer number supported by the network-configured UE in the current BWP (Bandwidth Part) and the number of PT-RS ports corresponding to the network-configured UE uplink transmission.

[0069] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, PUSCHs for multiple TRPs transmit corresponding independent PT-RS reference signals, and each port of the PT-RS is associated with a modulation reference signal DMRS port of the same TRP transmission direction, thereby solving the technical problem that when a PT-RS is transmitted based on multiple TRPs, it cannot be associated with a DMRS port for different CPE noise sources.

[0070] It should be noted that the above possible embodiments may be implemented alone or in combination, and the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0071] An embodiment of the present disclosure provides another uplink PT-RS extension method, and Fig. 6 is a schematic flow chart of another uplink PT-RS extension method provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. This uplink PT-RS extension method can be applied to a network side device. This uplink PT-RS extension method may be performed alone, or may be performed in combination with any embodiment or possible embodiment of the embodiment of the present disclosure, or may be performed in combination with any technical solution of the related art.

[0072] As shown in FIG. 6, this uplink PT-RS expansion method may include the following step 301.

[0073] Step 301, in response to the network setting of the maximum uplink transmission layer number being two layers and the number of uplink PT-RS ports being one, the DCI includes one corresponding PT-RS indication domain.

[0074] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, when the network configuration has an uplink maximum transmission layer number of two layers and an uplink PT-RS port number of one, the instruction message includes a first PT-RS instruction domain, and the first PT-RS instruction domain includes PT-RS instruction information corresponding to the PT-RSs transmitted in multiple TRP transmission directions, that is, each PT-RS instruction information in the first PT-RS instruction domain has a one-to-one correspondence with multiple TRPs.

[0075] For example, assuming that a beam is transmitted to two TRPs, the first PT-RS indication domain may include PT-RS indication information corresponding to the transmission direction of TRP1 and PT-RS indication information corresponding to the transmission direction of TRP2.

[0076] The PT-RS indication indicates that the PT-RS is transmitted in the corresponding TRP direction, and indicates the DMRS port associated with the PT-RS port used by the PTRS transmitted in the corresponding TRP direction, i.e., the PT-RS port indicated by the PT-RS indication has a one-to-one correspondence with the associated DMRS port.

[0077] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, at every transmission timing TO for transmitting to multiple TRPs, a PT-RS port is mapped to the PT-RS indication information, and a DMRS port associated with the corresponding PT-RS port indicated by the PT-RS indication information is adopted to transmit the PT-RS.

[0078] A DMRS port group associated with each PT-RS port of a plurality of TRP transmission directions is predefined or preconfigured, and the DMRS port group includes a DMRS port for transmitting the PT-RS.

[0079] For example, when the number of uplink PT-RS ports is one and a beam is transmitted toward two TRPs, the maximum significant bit indicates that the PT-RS transmitted toward TRP1 is associated with the corresponding DMRS port that shares this PT-RS port, and the minimum significant bit indicates that the PT-RS transmitted toward TRP2 is associated with the corresponding DMRS port that shares this PT-RS port. In all transmission timing TOs transmitted toward TRP1, the DMRS port indicated by the maximum indication bit is adopted to transmit the PT-RS, and in all TOs transmitted toward TRP2, the DMRS port indicated by the minimum indication bit is adopted to transmit the PT-RS.

[0080] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, when a UE reports and supports a PT-RS alternating mapping scheme, and a network-configured UE performs mapping in the alternating mapping scheme, for all ports consisting of a set of network-configured DMRS ports associated with each PT-RS port, each PT-RS port is alternately mapped to different DMRS ports associated with the PT-RS port to transmit the PT-RS, and the DMRS ports associated with the PT-RS port are adopted to transmit the PT-RS at different transmission timings TO for the corresponding TRP transmission direction.

[0081] The DMRS port indicated by the PT-RS indication information is mapped to the first start transmission timing TO of the corresponding TRP transmission direction.

[0082] For example, in all TOs transmitted towards TRP1, the PT-RS ports are alternately mapped to a set of DMRS ports corresponding to the sharing configuration, and the DMRS port indicated by the maximum indication bit is mapped to the first starting TO for this beam direction, and in all TOs transmitted towards TRP2, the PT-RS ports are alternately mapped to a set of DMRS ports corresponding to the sharing configuration, and the DMRS port indicated by the minimum indication bit is mapped to the first starting TO for this beam direction.

[0083] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the mapping between beams transmitted toward different TRPs and TOs can use an alternating mapping or successive mapping scheme, and the PT-RS corresponds to different TOs according to the same rule.

[0084] In the uplink PT-RS extension method of the embodiment of the present disclosure, when the maximum number of uplink transmission layers in the network configuration is two layers and the number of uplink PT-RS ports is one, the DCI includes one corresponding PT-RS indication domain, so that when transmitting beams to multiple TRPs, the PT-RS indication domain included in the DCI includes multiple PT-RS indication information that corresponds one-to-one with multiple TRPs, thereby indicating the DMRS port related to the corresponding PT-RS port, and avoiding the problem of inaccuracy in phase noise estimation caused by channel changes and estimated delay.

[0085] It should be noted that the above possible embodiments may be implemented alone or in combination, and the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0086] An embodiment of the present disclosure provides another uplink PT-RS extension method, and Fig. 7 is a schematic flow chart of another uplink PT-RS extension method provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. This uplink PT-RS extension method can be applied to a network side device. This uplink PT-RS extension method may be performed alone, or may be performed in combination with any embodiment or possible embodiment of the embodiment of the present disclosure, or may be performed in combination with any technical solution of the related art.

[0087] As shown in FIG. 7, this uplink PT-RS extension method may include the following steps:

[0088] Step 401: in response to the network setting that the maximum uplink transmission layer number is two layers and the number of uplink PT-RS ports is two, no indication message is added to the DCI.

[0089] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, if a network-configured UE currently supports a maximum uplink transmission layer number of two layers in BWP and the number of uplink PT-RS ports is two, the network side device does not add an indication message to the DCI and directly sends the DCI to the UE.

[0090] Since the number of uplink PT-RS ports is two and one PT-RS port corresponds to one DMRS port, it can be seen that the DMRS port associated with the PT-RS port can be determined without the need to add an indication message to the DCI, thereby avoiding the problem of inaccuracy in phase noise estimation due to channel changes and estimated delay.

[0091] It should be noted that the above possible embodiments may be implemented alone or in combination, and the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0092] An embodiment of the present disclosure provides another uplink PT-RS extension method, and FIG. 8 is a schematic flow chart of another uplink PT-RS extension method provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. This uplink PT-RS extension method can be applied to a network side device. This uplink PT-RS extension method may be performed alone, or may be performed in combination with any embodiment or possible embodiment of the embodiment of the present disclosure, or may be performed in combination with any technical solution of the related art.

[0093] As shown in FIG. 8, this uplink PT-RS expansion method may include the following step 501.

[0094] Step 501: in response to the network setting that the maximum uplink transmission layer number is one layer, no indication message is added to the DCI.

[0095] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, if the network-configured UE currently supports a maximum uplink transmission layer number of BWP of one layer, the network side device does not add an indication message to the DCI, and directly sends the DCI to the UE.

[0096] If the network-configured UE currently supports single-layer transmission in BWP, it can be understood that there is one PT-RS port and one DMRS port corresponding to the PT-RS port, without the need for distinction.

[0097] It should be noted that the above possible embodiments may be implemented alone or in combination, and the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0098] An embodiment of the present disclosure provides another uplink PT-RS extension method, and Fig. 9 is a schematic flow chart of another uplink PT-RS extension method provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. This uplink PT-RS extension method can be applied to a network side device. This uplink PT-RS extension method may be performed alone, or may be performed in combination with any embodiment or possible embodiment of the embodiment of the present disclosure, or may be performed in combination with any technical solution of the related art.

[0099] As shown in FIG. 9, this uplink PT-RS expansion method may include the following step 601.

[0100] Step 601, in response to the network configured uplink maximum transmission layer number being greater than two layers, the DCI includes two corresponding independent PT-RS indication domains.

[0101] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, when a network-configured UE currently supports a maximum uplink transmission layer number in BWP that is greater than two layers, and the network side device sends an indication message to the UE through a DCI, the DCI includes two corresponding independent PT-RS indication domains.

[0102] In one possible embodiment of the present disclosure, when the maximum uplink transmission layer number currently supported by the network-configured UE in BWP is greater than two layers and the number of uplink PT-RS ports is one, the indication message includes multiple second PT-RS indication domains, each second PT-RS indication domain corresponds to a TRP, the second PT-RS indication domain indicates that it is sent toward the corresponding TRP, and indicates the DMRS port associated with the corresponding PT-RS port.

[0103] For example, when a network-configured UE currently supports a maximum uplink transmission layer number of 3 or 4 in the BWP and transmits a beam to two TRPs, the instruction message sent by the network side device to the UE includes two second PT-RS instruction domains, where one second PT-RS instruction domain indicates that the UE is sent toward TRP1 and indicates the DMRS port associated with the corresponding PT-RS port, and the other second PT-RS instruction domain indicates that the UE is sent toward TRP2 and indicates the DMRS port associated with the corresponding PT-RS port.

[0104] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, in all transmission timings TO of transmission to multiple TRPs, a PT-RS port is mapped to a DMRS port indicated by a second PT-RS indication domain to transmit a PT-RS, a set of DMRS ports associated with the PT-RS ports of multiple TRP transmission directions is predefined or preconfigured, and a DMRS port for transmitting a PT-RS to the set of DMRS ports is included.

[0105] For example, when transmitting a beam to TRP1 and TRP2 simultaneously, for all TOs transmitting toward TRP1, the PT-RS port is mapped to and transmits on the DMRS port indicated by the first second PT-RS indication domain, and for all TOs transmitting toward TRP2, the PT-RS port is mapped to and transmits on the DMRS port indicated by the second second PT-RS indication domain.

[0106] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, when a UE reports and supports a PT-RS alternating mapping scheme, and a network-configured UE performs mapping in the alternating mapping scheme, for all ports corresponding to a set of associated DMRS ports in the network configuration, the PT-RS ports are alternately carried to different DMRS ports and mapped to different TOs for corresponding TRP transmissions.

[0107] The DMRS port indicated by the second PT-RS indication domain is mapped to the first starting TO of the corresponding TRP transmission direction.

[0108] For example, when transmitting beams to TRP1 and TRP2 simultaneously, in all TOs transmitted toward TRP1, a corresponding set of DMRS ports is shared in an alternating mapping manner, and the DMRS port indicated by the first second PT-RS indication domain is mapped to the first starting TO of the corresponding TRP1 transmission direction, and in all TOs transmitted toward TRP2, a corresponding set of DMRS ports is shared in an alternating mapping manner, and the DMRS port indicated by the second second PT-RS indication domain is mapped to the first starting TO of the corresponding TRP2 transmission direction.

[0109] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, when the maximum uplink transmission layer number currently supported by the network-configured UE in BWP is greater than two layers and the number of uplink PT-RS ports is two, the indication message includes multiple third PT-RS indication domains.

[0110] Each third PT-RS indication domain corresponds to one TRP, and the third PT-RS indication domain is transmitted toward the corresponding TRP and is used to represent two DMRS ports associated with the two PT-RS ports.

[0111] For example, assuming a beam is being transmitted to two TRPs, a first third PT-RS indication domain is transmitted toward TRP1 and represents the two DMRS ports associated with the two PT-RS ports, and a second third PT-RS indication domain is transmitted toward TRP2 and represents the two DMRS ports associated with the two PT-RS ports.

[0112] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, in all transmission timings TO for transmitting to multiple TRPs, the PT-RS port is mapped to two DMRS ports indicated by a third PT-RS indication domain to transmit the PT-RS, and a set of DMRS ports associated with each port of the PT-RS in the multiple TRP transmission directions is predefined or preconfigured.

[0113] The set of DMRS ports includes a DMRS port for transmitting the PT-RS.

[0114] For example, assuming a beam is transmitted to two TRPs, for all TOs transmitting towards TRP1, the PT-RS ports are mapped to and transmit on the two DMRS ports indicated by the first third PT-RS indication domain, and for all TOs transmitting towards TRP2, the PT-RS ports are mapped to and transmit on the two DMRS ports indicated by the second third PT-RS indication domain.

[0115] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, when a UE reports and supports a PT-RS alternating mapping scheme, and a network-configured UE performs mapping in the alternating mapping scheme, for all ports corresponding to a set of associated DMRS ports in a network configuration, the PT-RS ports are alternately mapped to different DMRS ports in a sequential manner, and are mapped to different TOs for corresponding TRP transmissions.

[0116] The DMRS port indicated by the third PT-RS indication domain is mapped to the first starting TO of the corresponding TRP transmission direction.

[0117] For example, assuming a beam is transmitted to two TRPs, it is obtained that in all TOs transmitted toward TRP1, each port is alternately mapped in its corresponding shared DMRS port group, the PT-RS is mapped to a set of DMRS ports corresponding to the shared configuration, and the two DMRS ports indicated by the first third PT-RS indication domain are mapped to the first starting TO in the TRP transmission direction; and in all TOs transmitted toward TRP2, each port is alternately mapped in its corresponding shared DMRS port group, the PT-RS is mapped to a set of DMRS ports corresponding to the shared configuration, and the DMRS port indicated by the second third PT-RS indication domain is mapped to the first starting TO in the TRP transmission direction.

[0118] It should be noted that the above possible embodiments may be implemented alone or in combination, and the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0119] An embodiment of the present disclosure provides another uplink PT-RS extension method, and Fig. 10 is a schematic flow chart of another uplink PT-RS extension method provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. This uplink PT-RS extension method can be applied to a network side device. This uplink PT-RS extension method may be performed alone, or may be performed in combination with any embodiment or possible embodiment of the embodiment of the present disclosure, or may be performed in combination with any technical solution of the related art.

[0120] As shown in FIG. 10, this uplink PT-RS expansion method may include the following step 701.

[0121] Step 701, receive the number of alternately mapped DMRS ports supported by the UE and the number of DMRS ports configured by the network.

[0122] The number of alternately mapped DMRS ports in the UE configuration maps the PT-RS in the TO corresponding to different TRP transmission directions.

[0123] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the UE can set the number of alternately mapped DMRS ports when transmitting a beam according to actual needs, and further report the number of ports to the network side device, so that the network side device receives the number of alternately mapped DMRS ports reported and supported by the UE.

[0124] It should be noted that the above possible embodiments may be implemented alone or in combination, and the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0125] In order to realize the above embodiment, the present disclosure further provides another uplink PT-RS extension method, and FIG. 11 is a schematic flow chart of another uplink PT-RS extension method provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure. This uplink PT-RS extension method can be applied to a user equipment. This uplink PT-RS extension method may be performed alone, or may be performed in combination with any embodiment or possible embodiment of the embodiment of the present disclosure, or may be performed in combination with any technical solution of the related art.

[0126] As shown in FIG. 11, this uplink PT-RS expansion method may include the following step 801.

[0127] Step 801: receive an instruction message sent from a network side device.

[0128] The instruction message includes multiple PT-RS indication information for indicating that multiple transmission / reception points TRP correspond, respectively, and the PT-RS indication information indicates that it is transmitted toward the corresponding TRP, and is used to indicate the demodulation reference signal DMRS port associated with the corresponding PT-RS port.

[0129] In one possible embodiment of the present disclosure, the UE may receive an indication message sent by a network side device via a DCI.

[0130] In addition, the explanation of the method for extending the uplink PT-RS executed for the network side device in any of the embodiments of Figures 4 to 10 above also applies to the method for extending the uplink PT-RS executed for the user equipment in this embodiment, and the implementation principle is similar, so the explanation is omitted here.

[0131] In the uplink PT-RS extension method of the embodiment of the present disclosure, a UE receives an instruction message sent from a network side device, the instruction message includes a plurality of PT-RS indication information indicating that a plurality of transmission / reception point TRPs correspond to each other, and the PT-RS indication information indicates that the PT-RS is transmitted to the corresponding TRP and indicates the demodulation reference signal DMRS port associated with the corresponding PT-RS port. In one possible embodiment of the present disclosure, the instruction message sent to the UE includes a plurality of PT-RS indication information for transmitting the corresponding TRP, and each PT-RS indication information indicates the DMRS port associated with the corresponding PT-RS port, so as to solve the problem that the PT-RS cannot be associated with a DMRS port for different CPE noise sources when transmitting based on multiple TRPs, which is favorable to improving system performance.

[0132] It should be noted that the above possible embodiments may be implemented alone or in combination, and the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0133] Corresponding to the uplink PT-RS extension method provided by the embodiments of Figures 4 to 10 above, the present disclosure further provides an uplink PT-RS extension device, and since the uplink PT-RS extension device provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure corresponds to the uplink PT-RS extension method provided by the embodiments of Figures 4 to 10 above, the embodiments of the uplink PT-RS extension method are also applicable to the uplink PT-RS extension device provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure, and will not be described in detail in the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0134] 12 is a schematic diagram of an extension device for an uplink PT-RS provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, which can be applied to a network side device.

[0135] As shown in FIG. 12, the extension device 1200 of the uplink PT-RS may include: a transmitting module 1201 .

[0136] The sending module 1201 sends an instruction message to a user equipment UE, the instruction message includes a plurality of PT-RS indication information for indicating that a plurality of transmission / reception points TRP respectively correspond, the PT-RS indication information represents that it is transmitted toward the corresponding TRP, and is used to indicate a demodulation reference signal DMRS port associated with the corresponding PT-RS port.

[0137] Optionally, the sending module 1201 further sends an indication message to the UE via downlink control information DCI.

[0138] Alternatively, the indication message is determined based on a maximum number of uplink transmission layers supported by the network-configured UE in the current partial bandwidth BWP and a number of PT-RS ports corresponding to the network-configured UE uplink transmission.

[0139] Optionally, in response to the network configuration having an uplink maximum transmission layer number of two layers and an uplink PT-RS port number of one, the DCI includes a corresponding one PT-RS indication domain; In response to the fact that the network configuration's uplink maximum transmission layer number is two layers and the number of uplink PT-RS ports is two, no indication message is added to the DCI. In response to the network setting of the maximum uplink transmission layer number being 1, no indication message is added to the DCI. In response to the network configuration having a maximum uplink transmission layer number greater than two layers, the DCI includes two corresponding independent PT-RS indication domains.

[0140] Optionally, the corresponding independent PT-RS reference signals are transmitted respectively towards multiple TRPs, and each port of the PT-RS is all associated with a modulation reference signal DMRS port of the same TRP transmission direction.

[0141] Optionally, in response to the network setting having an uplink maximum transmission layer number of two layers and an uplink PT-RS port number of one, the instruction message includes a first PT-RS instruction domain, and the first PT-RS instruction domain includes PT-RS instruction information that corresponds one-to-one with the PT-RS transmitted in the multiple TRP transmission directions.

[0142] Optionally, in all transmission timings TO for transmitting to multiple TRPs, a PT-RS port is mapped to PT-RS indication information, and the PT-RS is transmitted using a DMRS port indicated by the PT-RS indication information; a set of DMRS ports associated with each PT-RS port in multiple TRP transmission directions is pre-configured; and a DMRS port for transmitting the PT-RS to the set of DMRS ports is included.

[0143] Alternatively, if the UE reports and supports a PT-RS alternating mapping scheme, and the network-configured UE performs mapping in the alternating mapping scheme, for all ports consisting of a set of network-configured DMRS ports associated with each PT-RS port, each PT-RS port is alternately mapped in sequence to different DMRS ports associated with the PT-RS port to transmit the PT-RS, and the DMRS port associated with the PT-RS port is employed to transmit at different transmission timings TO of the corresponding TRP transmission direction, and the DMRS port indicated by the PT-RS indication information is mapped to the first start transmission timing TO of the corresponding TRP transmission direction.

[0144] Optionally, in response to the network configured uplink maximum transmission layer number being greater than two layers and the number of uplink PT-RS ports being one, the indication message includes a plurality of second PT-RS indication domains, the second PT-RS indication domains corresponding to one TRP, the second PT-RS indication domains indicating that they are sent toward the corresponding TRPs, and indicating a DMRS port associated with the corresponding PT-RS ports.

[0145] Optionally, in all transmission timings TO of transmission to multiple TRPs, a PT-RS port is mapped to a DMRS port indicated by a second PT-RS indication domain to transmit the PT-RS, a set of DMRS ports associated with the PT-RS ports of multiple TRP transmission directions is pre-configured, and a DMRS port for transmitting the PT-RS to the set of DMRS ports is included.

[0146] Alternatively, if the UE reports and supports a PT-RS alternating mapping scheme, and the network-configured UE performs mapping in the alternating mapping scheme, for all ports corresponding to a set of associated DMRS ports in the network configuration, the PT-RS ports are carried alternately to different DMRS ports in sequence to transmit the PT-RS and are mapped to different TOs for the corresponding TRP transmission, and the DMRS port indicated by the second PT-RS indication domain is mapped to the initial starting TO of the corresponding TRP transmission direction.

[0147] Optionally, in response to the network configuration having an uplink maximum transmission layer number greater than two layers and having an uplink PT-RS port number of two, the indication message includes a plurality of third PT-RS indication domains, each of which corresponds to a TRP, and the third PT-RS indication domains are sent toward the corresponding TRP and are used to represent two DMRS ports associated with the two PT-RS ports.

[0148] Optionally, in all transmission timings TO of transmission to multiple TRPs, a PT-RS port is mapped to two DMRS ports indicated by a third PT-RS indication domain to transmit the PT-RS, a set of DMRS ports associated with each port of the PT-RS in multiple TRP transmission directions is pre-configured, and a DMRS port for transmitting the PT-RS to the set of DMRS ports is included.

[0149] Alternatively, if the UE reports and supports a PT-RS alternating mapping scheme, and the network-configured UE performs mapping in the alternating mapping scheme, for all ports corresponding to a set of associated DMRS ports in the network configuration, the PT-RS ports are sequentially and alternately mapped to different DMRS ports to transmit PT-RS and are mapped to different TOs for corresponding TRP transmission, and the DMRS port indicated by a third PT-RS indication domain is mapped to the initial starting TO of the corresponding TRP transmission direction.

[0150] Optionally, the uplink PT-RS extension device 1200 may further include a receiving module for reporting and supporting a number of DMRS ports alternately mapped by the UE and receiving a number of DMRS ports configured by the network, where the number of alternately mapped DMRS ports configured by the UE maps PT-RS ports in TOs corresponding to different TRP transmission directions.

[0151] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the uplink PT-RS extension device sends an indication message to the UE by a network side device, the indication message includes a plurality of PT-RS indication information for indicating that a plurality of transmission / reception points TRPs correspond to each other, and the PT-RS indication information indicates that the transmission is directed to the corresponding TRP, and is used to indicate the demodulation reference signal DMRS port associated with the corresponding PT-RS port. In one possible embodiment of the present disclosure, the indication message sent to the UE includes a plurality of PT-RS indication information for the corresponding TRP transmission, and each PT-RS indication information indicates the DMRS port associated with the corresponding PT-RS port, so as to solve the problem that the PT-RS cannot be associated with a DMRS port for different CPE noise sources when transmitting according to multiple TRPs, and is favorable to improving system performance.

[0152] It should be noted that the above possible embodiments may be implemented alone or in combination, and the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0153] Corresponding to the uplink PT-RS extension method provided by the embodiment of Figure 11 above, the present disclosure further provides an uplink PT-RS extension device, and since the uplink PT-RS extension device provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure corresponds to the uplink PT-RS extension method provided by the embodiment of Figure 11 above, the embodiments of the uplink PT-RS extension method also apply to the uplink PT-RS extension device provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, and will not be described in detail in the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0154] 13 is a schematic diagram of another uplink PT-RS extension device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, which can be applied to a user equipment.

[0155] As shown in FIG. 13, the uplink PT-RS extension device 1300 may include a receiving module 1301 for receiving an instruction message sent from a network side device, where the instruction message includes multiple PT-RS instruction information for indicating that multiple transmission / reception points TRP correspond, respectively, and the PT-RS instruction information indicates that it is sent toward the corresponding TRP, and is used to indicate a demodulation reference signal DMRS port associated with the corresponding PT-RS port.

[0156] Optionally, the receiving module 1301 further receives an indication message sent from a network side device via downlink control information DCI.

[0157] The uplink PT-RS extension device of the embodiment of the present disclosure receives an indication message sent by a UE from a network side device, the indication message includes a plurality of PT-RS indication information indicating that a plurality of transmission / reception point TRPs correspond to each other, the PT-RS indication information indicates that the corresponding TRPs are transmitted, and indicates the demodulation reference signal DMRS port associated with the corresponding PT-RS port. In one possible embodiment of the present disclosure, the indication message sent to the UE includes a plurality of PT-RS indication information for transmitting corresponding TRPs, and each PT-RS indication information indicates the DMRS port associated with the corresponding PT-RS port, so as to solve the problem that the PT-RS cannot be associated with a DMRS port for different CPE noise sources when transmitting according to multiple TRPs, which is favorable to improving system performance.

[0158] It should be noted that the possible embodiments described above may be implemented alone or in combination, and the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0159] To achieve the above embodiment, the present disclosure further provides a communication device.

[0160] A communications device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a communications device including a processor, a transceiver, a memory, and an executable program stored in the memory and executed by the processor, the method being performed when the processor executes the executable program.

[0161] The communication device may be the above-mentioned terminal device, access network device, or core network device.

[0162] The processor may include various types of storage media that are non-transitory computer storage media and that may continue to store information stored thereon even after the communication device is powered off. The communication device may include a terminal device, an access network device, or a core network device.

[0163] The processor may be connected to a memory, such as via a bus, for reading an executable program stored in the memory, such as at least one of those shown in FIGS.

[0164] To realize the above embodiments, the present disclosure further provides a computer storage medium.

[0165] A computer storage medium provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure stores an executable program, and when the executable program is executed by a processor, the method described above, for example, at least one of the methods shown in Figures 4 to 11, can be realized.

[0166] 14 is a block diagram of a user equipment provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. For example, user equipment 1400 may be a mobile phone, a computer, a digital broadcast user equipment, a messaging device, a game console, a tablet device, a medical device, a fitness device, a personal digital assistant, etc.

[0167] Referring to FIG. 14, the user equipment 1400 may include at least one of a processing component 1402, a memory 1404, a power component 1406, a multimedia component 1408, an audio component 1410, an input / output (I / O) interface 1412, a sensor component 1414, and a communication component 1416.

[0168] The processing component 1402 typically controls the overall operation of the user equipment 1400, such as operations related to display, phone calls, data communication, camera operation, and recording operations. The processing component 1402 may include at least one processor 1420 for executing instructions to complete all or some steps of the above methods. The processing component 1402 may also include at least one module to facilitate interaction with other components. For example, the processing component 1402 may include a multimedia module to facilitate interaction between the processing component 1402 and the multimedia component 1408.

[0169] The memory 1404 is configured to store various types of data to support operations on the terminal device 1400. Examples of these data include instructions for any application programs or methods for operating on the terminal device 1400, contact data, phone book data, messages, images, videos, etc. The memory 1404 may be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile storage device or combinations thereof, such as a static random access memory (SRAM), an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), a programmable read-only memory (PROM), a read-only memory (ROM), a magnetic memory, a flash memory, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

[0170] The power component 1406 provides power to various components of the user equipment 1400. The power component 1406 can include a power management system, at least one power source, and other components associated with generating, managing, and distributing power to the user equipment 1400.

[0171] The multimedia component 1408 includes a screen that provides an output interface between the user equipment 1400 and a user. In some embodiments, the screen can include a liquid crystal display (LCD) and a touch panel (TP). When the screen includes a touch panel, the screen can be implemented as a touch screen to receive input signals from a user. The touch panel includes at least one touch sensor to sense touch, slide, and touch panel gestures. The touch sensor can detect the boundaries of a touch or slide operation as well as detect wake-up times and pressures associated with touch or slide operations. In some embodiments, the multimedia component 1408 includes a front camera and / or a back camera. When the user equipment 1400 is in an operation mode, such as a photo mode or a video mode, the front camera and / or the back camera can receive external multimedia data. Each front camera and back camera may be a fixed optical lens system or may have a focal point distance and optical zoom capability.

[0172] The audio component 1410 is configured to output and / or input audio signals. For example, the audio component 1410 includes a microphone (MIC) configured to receive external audio signals when the user equipment 1400 is in an operational mode such as a call mode, a record mode, and a voice recognition mode. The received audio signals may be further stored in the memory 1404 or transmitted via the communication component 1416. In some embodiments, the audio component 1410 further includes a speaker for outputting audio signals.

[0173] The I / O interface 1412 provides an interface between the processing component 1402 and a peripheral interface module, which may be a keyboard, a click wheel, buttons, etc. These buttons may include, but are not limited to, a home button, volume buttons, a start button, and a lock button.

[0174] The sensor component 1414 includes at least one sensor to provide various aspects of status assessment to the user equipment 1400. For example, the sensor component 1414 can detect the on / off state of the terminal device 1400, the relative positioning of a component, e.g., the display and keypad of the user equipment 1400, and the sensor component 1414 can further detect a position change of the user equipment 1400 or one of the components of the user equipment 1400, the presence or absence of contact between the user and the user equipment 1400, the orientation or acceleration / deceleration of the user equipment 1400, and a temperature change of the user equipment 1400. The sensor component 1414 can also include a proximity sensor configured to detect the presence of a nearby object in the absence of any physical contact. The sensor component 1414 can further include an optical sensor, such as a CMOS or CCD image sensor used for imaging applications. In some embodiments, the sensor component 1414 can further include an acceleration sensor, a gyro sensor, a magnetic sensor, a pressure sensor, or a temperature sensor.

[0175] The communication component 1416 is configured to facilitate wired or wireless communication between the user equipment 1400 and other devices. The user equipment 1400 can access a wireless network based on a communication standard, such as WiFi, 2G, or 3G, or a combination thereof. In an exemplary embodiment, the communication component 1416 receives a broadcast signal or broadcast-related information from an external broadcast management system via a broadcast channel. In an exemplary embodiment, the communication component 1416 further includes a near field communication (NFC) module to facilitate short-range communication. For example, the NFC module may be implemented based on radio frequency identification (RFID) technology, infrared data association (IrDA) technology, ultra-wideband (UWB) technology, Bluetooth (BT) technology, and other technologies.

[0176] In an exemplary embodiment, the user equipment 1400 may be implemented by at least one application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), digital signal processor (DSP), digital signal processing device (DSPD), programmable logic device (PLD), field programmable gate array (FPGA), controller, microcontroller, microprocessor, or other electronic component to perform the uplink PT-RS enhancement method of the embodiment of FIG. 11 above.

[0177] In an exemplary embodiment, a non-transitory computer readable storage medium containing instructions, such as a memory 1404 containing instructions, may be provided, which may be executed by a processor 1420 of the user equipment 1400 to complete the method. For example, the non-transitory computer readable storage medium may be a ROM, a random access memory (RAM), a CD-ROM, a magnetic tape, a floppy disk, an optical data storage device.

[0178] FIG. 15 is a schematic configuration diagram of a network side device provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure. This network side device may be an access network device or a core network device in the above embodiment. Referring to FIG. 15, the network side device 1500 includes a processing component 1522 including at least one processor, and a memory resource represented by a memory 1532 for storing instructions executed by the processing component 1522, such as an application program. The application program stored in the memory 1532 may include one or more modules, each corresponding to a set of instructions. In addition, the processing component 1522 is configured to execute instructions to perform any method applied to the access network device or the core network device described in the above method, such as the uplink PT-RS extension method shown in any of the embodiments of FIGS. 4 to 10.

[0179] The network side device 1500 may further include a power component 1526 configured to perform power management of the network side device 1500, a wired or wireless network interface 1550 configured to connect the network side device 1500 to a network, and an input / output (I / O) interface 1558. The network side device 1500 may operate an operating system stored in memory 1532, such as Windows Server™, Mac OS X™, Unix™, Linux™, FreeBSD™, or the like.

[0180] Those skilled in the art can easily conceive of other implementations of the present disclosure after studying the specification and practicing the invention disclosed herein. The present disclosure is intended to cover any modifications, uses or adaptations of the present invention, which modifications, uses or adaptations follow the general principles of the present invention and include common general knowledge or commonly used technical means in the art that are not disclosed in the present disclosure. The specification and examples are considered to be merely exemplary, with the true scope and spirit of the present disclosure being indicated by the following claims.

[0181] It should be noted that the present disclosure is not limited to the exact structure described above and illustrated in the drawings, and various modifications and variations can be made without departing from the scope of the present disclosure, which is limited only by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. An extension method for an uplink phase tracking reference signal (PT-RS) is applied to a network side device, the method comprising: Sending an indication message to a user equipment (UE), the indication message including a plurality of PT-RS indication information indicating that a plurality of transmission / reception points (TRPs) correspond to each of the PT-RS indication information, the PT-RS indication information indicating that the PT-RS indication information is transmitted toward the corresponding TRP and indicating a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) port associated with the corresponding PT-RS port; The step of sending an indication message to the user equipment UE includes: sending the indication message to the UE via downlink control information (DCI); Determining the indication message based on a number of uplink maximum transmission layers supported by the network-configured UE in the current partial bandwidth BWP and a number of PT-RS ports corresponding to the uplink transmission of the network-configured UE; In response to the network configuration having an uplink maximum transmission layer number of two layers and an uplink PT-RS port number of one, the DCI includes a corresponding PT-RS indication domain; In response to the network configured maximum uplink transmission layer number being one layer, the indication message is not added to the DCI; In response to the network configured uplink maximum transmission layer number being greater than two layers, the DCI includes two corresponding independent PT-RS indication domains; The method for extending an uplink phase tracking reference signal (PT-RS) is characterized in that:

2. The method comprises: and transmitting corresponding independent PT-RS reference signals toward the plurality of TRPs, each port of the PT-RS being associated with a modulation reference signal DMRS port of the same TRP transmission direction. The method for extending an uplink phase tracking reference signal (PT-RS) as claimed in claim 1.

3. In response to the network setting having an uplink maximum transmission layer number of two layers and an uplink PT-RS port number of one, the indication message includes a first PT-RS indication domain, and the first PT-RS indication domain includes PT-RS indication information respectively corresponding to PT-RSs transmitted in a plurality of TRP transmission directions; The method for extending an uplink phase tracking reference signal (PT-RS) as claimed in claim 1.

4. The method comprises: In all transmission timings TO for transmitting to a plurality of TRPs, the method further includes a step of mapping the PT-RS port to the PT-RS indication information and transmitting the PT-RS using a DMRS port indicated by the PT-RS indication information, wherein a set of DMRS ports associated with each PT-RS port of the plurality of TRP transmission directions is pre-set, and the set of DMRS ports includes a DMRS port for transmitting the PT-RS. The method for extending uplink phase tracking reference signal PT-RS as claimed in claim 3.

5. The method comprises: When the UE reports and supports a PT-RS alternating mapping scheme and the UE is network-configured to be mapped according to the alternating mapping scheme, for all ports of a set of DMRS ports in a network configuration associated with each PT-RS port, each PT-RS port is alternately mapped to a different DMRS port associated with the PT-RS port to transmit the PT-RS, and further includes a step of transmitting using the DMRS port associated with the PT-RS port at different transmission timings TO for a corresponding TRP transmission direction, wherein the DMRS port indicated by the PT-RS indication information is mapped to the first start transmission timing TO of the corresponding TRP transmission direction; The method for extending uplink phase tracking reference signal PT-RS as claimed in claim 3.

6. In response to the network configuration having an uplink maximum transmission layer number greater than two layers and having one uplink PT-RS port, the indication message includes a plurality of second PT-RS indication domains, each of the second PT-RS indication domains corresponding to one of the TRPs, the second PT-RS indication domains representing that the transmission is directed to a corresponding TRP, and used to indicate a DMRS port associated with the corresponding PT-RS port; The method for extending an uplink phase tracking reference signal (PT-RS) as claimed in claim 1.

7. The method comprises: In all transmission timings TO for transmitting to a plurality of TRPs, the method further includes the steps of: mapping the PT-RS port to a DMRS port indicated by the second PT-RS indication domain to transmit the PT-RS; presetting a set of DMRS ports associated with the PT-RS ports of the plurality of TRP transmission directions; and including a DMRS port for transmitting the PT-RS in the set of DMRS ports; The method for extending uplink phase tracking reference signal PT-RS as claimed in claim 6.

8. The method comprises: When the UE reports and supports a PT-RS alternating mapping scheme and the UE is network-configured to map according to the alternating mapping scheme, for all ports corresponding to a set of associated DMRS ports in a network configuration, the PT-RS ports are sequentially and alternately conveyed to different DMRS ports to transmit the PT-RS and are mapped to different TOs for corresponding TRP transmissions, further comprising the steps of: a DMRS port indicated by the second PT-RS indication domain is mapped to an initial start TO of a corresponding TRP transmission direction; The method for extending uplink phase tracking reference signal PT-RS as claimed in claim 6.

9. In response to the network configuration having an uplink maximum transmission layer number greater than two layers and the number of the uplink PT-RS ports being two, the indication message includes a plurality of third PT-RS indication domains, each of the third PT-RS indication domains corresponding to one of the TRPs, and the third PT-RS indication domains are transmitted toward the corresponding TRPs, representing two DMRS ports associated with the two PT-RS ports. The method for extending an uplink phase tracking reference signal (PT-RS) as claimed in claim 1.

10. In all transmission timings TO for transmitting to a plurality of TRPs, the step of mapping the PT-RS port to two DMRS ports indicated by the third PT-RS indication domain and transmitting the PT-RS, further including a step of presetting a set of DMRS ports associated with each port of the PT-RS in the plurality of TRP transmission directions, and including a DMRS port for transmitting the PT-RS in the set of DMRS ports; The method for extending an uplink phase tracking reference signal (PT-RS) as claimed in claim 9.

11. The method comprises: When the UE reports and supports a PT-RS alternating mapping scheme and the UE is network-configured to map according to the alternating mapping scheme, for all ports corresponding to a set of associated DMRS ports in a network configuration, the PT-RS ports are sequentially and alternately mapped to different DMRS ports to transmit the PT-RS and are mapped to different TOs for corresponding TRP transmissions, further comprising the steps of: a DMRS port indicated by the third PT-RS indication domain is mapped to an initial start TO of a corresponding TRP transmission direction; The method for extending an uplink phase tracking reference signal (PT-RS) as claimed in claim 9.

12. The method comprises: The method further includes receiving a number of alternately mapped DMRS ports reported and supported by the UE and a number of DMRS ports configured by a network, and mapping the PT-RS ports in TOs corresponding to TRP transmission directions in which the number of alternately mapped DMRS ports configured by the UE is different. The method for extending an uplink phase tracking reference signal (PT-RS) as claimed in claim 1.

13. 1. An extension method for an uplink phase tracking reference signal (PT-RS), applied to a user equipment, the method comprising: receiving an indication message sent from a network side device, the indication message including a plurality of PT-RS indication information indicating that a plurality of transmission / reception points TRPs correspond to each of the PT-RS indication information, the PT-RS indication information indicating that the PT-RS indication information is transmitted toward the corresponding TRP, and indicating a demodulation reference signal DMRS port associated with the corresponding PT-RS port; The step of receiving an indication message sent from the network side device includes: receiving the indication message sent by the network side device via downlink control information (DCI); The indication message sent by the network side device via downlink control information (DCI), In response to the network configuration having an uplink maximum transmission layer number of two layers and an uplink PT-RS port number of one, the DCI includes a corresponding PT-RS indication domain; In response to the network configured maximum uplink transmission layer number being one layer, the indication message is not added to the DCI; In response to the network configured uplink maximum transmission layer number being greater than two layers, the DCI includes two corresponding independent PT-RS indication domains; The network side device processes the The method for extending an uplink phase tracking reference signal (PT-RS) is characterized in that:

14. An extension device for an uplink phase tracking reference signal PT-RS, which is applied to a network side device, the device comprising: A transmission module for transmitting an indication message to a user equipment UE, the indication message including a plurality of PT-RS indication information indicating that a plurality of transmission / reception points TRPs correspond to each of the PT-RS indication information, the PT-RS indication information indicating that the PT-RS indication information is transmitted toward the corresponding TRP, and indicating a demodulation reference signal DMRS port associated with the corresponding PT-RS port; The sending module is used for sending the indication message to the UE via downlink control information (DCI); Determining the indication message based on a number of uplink maximum transmission layers supported by the network-configured UE in the current partial bandwidth BWP and a number of PT-RS ports corresponding to the uplink transmission of the network-configured UE; In response to the network configuration having an uplink maximum transmission layer number of two layers and an uplink PT-RS port number of one, the DCI includes a corresponding PT-RS indication domain; In response to the network configured maximum uplink transmission layer number being one layer, the indication message is not added to the DCI; In response to the network configured uplink maximum transmission layer number being greater than two layers, the DCI includes two corresponding independent PT-RS indication domains; 2. An extension device for an uplink phase tracking reference signal PT-RS, comprising:

15. An extension device for an uplink phase tracking reference signal PT-RS, applied to a user equipment, the device comprising: A receiving module for receiving an indication message sent from a network side device, the indication message including a plurality of PT-RS indication information indicating that a plurality of transmission / reception points TRPs correspond to each of the PT-RS indication information, the PT-RS indication information indicating that the PT-RS indication information is sent to the corresponding TRP, and a receiving module for indicating a demodulation reference signal DMRS port associated with the corresponding PT-RS port; The receiving module is used for receiving the indication message sent by the network side device via downlink control information (DCI); The indication message sent by the network side device via downlink control information (DCI), In response to the network configuration having an uplink maximum transmission layer number of two layers and an uplink PT-RS port number of one, the DCI includes a corresponding PT-RS indication domain; In response to the network configured maximum uplink transmission layer number being one layer, the indication message is not added to the DCI; In response to the network configured uplink maximum transmission layer number being greater than two layers, the DCI includes two corresponding independent PT-RS indication domains; The network side device processes the 2. An extension device for an uplink phase tracking reference signal PT-RS, comprising:

16. 1. A communications device, comprising: A method for extending an uplink phase tracking reference signal (PT-RS) according to any one of claims 1 to 12, comprising: a transceiver; a memory; and a processor connected to the transceiver and the memory, the processor being configured to execute computer-executable instructions on the memory to control radio signal transmission and reception of the transceiver and to implement the method for extending an uplink phase tracking reference signal (PT-RS) according to any one of claims 1 to 12, A communication device comprising:

17. A communications device comprising: A method for extending an uplink phase tracking reference signal (PT-RS) according to claim 13, comprising: a transceiver; a memory; and a processor connected to the transceiver and the memory, respectively, configured to execute computer-executable instructions on the memory to control radio signal transmission and reception of the transceiver and to implement the method for extending an uplink phase tracking reference signal (PT-RS) according to claim 13. A communication device comprising:

18. A computer storage medium having computer-executable instructions stored thereon, comprising: The computer-executable instructions, when executed by a processor, implement the method for extending an uplink phase tracking reference signal PT-RS according to any one of claims 1 to 12. A computer storage medium comprising:

19. A computer storage medium having computer-executable instructions stored thereon, comprising: The computer-executable instructions, when executed by a processor, implement the uplink phase tracking reference signal PT-RS extension method of claim 13. A computer storage medium comprising: