Load Tap Changer and Tap Transformer Equipped with Load Tap Changer

Abstract

An on-load tap changer 1 for performing uninterrupted load changes between different winding taps of a tapped transformer 30, comprising an on-load tap changer plate 2, a selector 5 and a load changer 6, the selector 5 and the load changer 6 being mounted on the on-load tap changer plate 2.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an on-load tap changer that performs uninterrupted load switching between different winding taps of a tapped transformer.

[0002] Furthermore, the present invention relates to a tapped transformer provided with an on-load tap changer that performs uninterrupted load switching between different winding taps of the tapped transformer.

Background Art

[0003] On-load tap changers are well known in the prior art and generally have a load switch and a selector. A load switch having a vacuum interrupter and a boundary resistor is arranged in a cylindrical container. The selector is composed of a number of rods arranged in a circle. Contacts serving as terminals for control windings are arranged in different planes on those rods. In that selector, two selector arms are fixed to a switching support. They come into contact with the contacts at the position of the rods. Those load switch and selector are connected to each other via a transmission device.

[0004] The contacts of that selector are connected to the winding taps of the control winding. Since the contacts are arranged in a circle, the wiring to the control winding has to be configured to be partially very long. In that case, since the above-described insulation intervals between the wirings have to be observed, the wiring in the tapped transformer requires particularly a lot of space.

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0005] An object of the present invention is to realize an on-load tap changer that is simply and compactly configured and can thus be easily installed in a tapped transformer in a space-saving form.

[0006] Another object of the present invention is to realize a tapped transformer provided with an on-load tap changer that is simply and compactly configured.

Means for Solving the Problem

[0007] This problem is solved by a on-load tap-changer according to claim 1. In this case, the features of the dependent claims form advantageous improvement configurations of the present invention.

[0008] This another problem is solved by a tapped transformer according to claim 8. In this case, the features of the dependent claims form advantageous improvement configurations of the present invention.

[0009] In a first aspect, the present invention proposes an on-load tap-changer that performs load switching without interruption between different winding taps of a tapped transformer, having an on-load tap-changer plate, a selector, and a load switch, and the selector and the load switch are attached to the on-load tap-changer plate.

[0010] By attaching the load switch and the selector, particularly each individual part, to this on-load tap-changer plate, the on-load tap-changer becomes smaller and more compact as a whole. Compared with the on-load tap-changer well-known in the prior art, the on-load tap-changer plate can be mounted on the tapped transformer in a particularly space-saving form and can be connected to another on-load tap-changer plate in various ways.

[0011] This load switch can be defined as having a vacuum interrupter, a boundary resistor, and a bridge switch.

[0012] This load switch can be configured in any form as required. For example, it can have one or more of at least one additional or another vacuum interrupter, one additional or another boundary resistor, and one additional or another bridge switch.

[0013] This load switch can be configured in any form as required. For example, it can have at least one current limiting element or a terminal for a current limiting element. This current limiting element can be configured as a boundary resistor, a reactance, a varistor, or something equivalent thereto.

[0014] It can be defined that this vacuum switch is attached to the first side of the load tap changer plate, and these boundary resistors and bridge switches are attached to the second side on the opposite side of the load tap changer plate. This is a particularly space-saving form because the main parts are distributed on both sides of the load tap changer plate. This structural space is utilized optimally.

[0015] This load tap changer can be configured in any form as required. For example, one or more of a vacuum switch, a boundary resistor, and a bridge switch can be arranged only on the first side or only on the second side.

[0016] It can be defined that this selector has a first selector arm, a second selector arm, and selector contacts. In this case, the selector contacts extend from the first side of the load tap changer plate to the second side of the load tap changer plate. It can be defined that this selector has a preselector.

[0017] It can be defined that this first selector arm is attached to the first side of the load tap changer plate, and these second selector arms and the preselector are attached to the second side on the opposite side of the load tap changer plate.

[0018] This selector can be configured in any form as required. For example, it can be configured in a rotary form or a linear form. As required, these selector arms can be arranged on the first side of the load tap changer plate, and this preselector can be arranged on the second side of the load tap changer plate. This preselector can also be configured in a rotary form or a linear form.

[0019] It can be defined that this on-load tap changer plate is configured in a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and selector terminals are arranged on one side wall component. Arranging the selector terminals on this one side facilitates connecting those terminals to the winding taps of the control winding of the tapped transformer.

[0020] It can be defined that this on-load tap changer has three on-load tap changer plates, each having one load switch and one selector respectively. And these three on-load tap changer plates are mechanically connected to each other via a support frame. These load switches and selectors on the on-load tap changer plate are operated via a common drive shaft using a multigear, a driver, gears or equivalents thereof.

[0021] This support frame can be configured in any form as required. For example, it can be composed of four rods and one top plate. And these on-load tap changer plates are connected to the rods in a shape-matching form and / or a pressure-clamping form.

[0022] These on-load tap changer plates can be arranged arbitrarily relative to each other. For example, these on-load tap changer plates can be arranged horizontally or vertically in different planes. Further, these on-load tap changer plates can be arranged horizontally or vertically in one common plane.

[0023] In a second aspect, the present invention proposes a tapped transformer provided with an on-load tap changer arranged in one or more of the lateral, upper and lower sides of the active part inside the tapped transformer.

[0024] It can be defined that the on-load tap changer plate of this on-load tap changer is directed in a horizontal or vertical direction with respect to the active part.

[0025] It can be defined that the motor for operating the drive shaft of this on-load tap changer is arranged inside or outside the tapped transformer.

[0026] It can be defined that the motor is directly or indirectly connected to the drive shaft of the on-load tap changer via a transmission device, an angle transmission or a rod.

[0027] It can be defined that this on-load tap changer is fixed to the yoke or housing of the active part via a top plate, in particular, to the lid or wall of the tapped transformer.

[0028] Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention and its advantages will be described in detail.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0029]

Figure 1a

Figure 1b

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

Figure 6

Figure 7

Figure 8

Figure 9

Figure 10

Figure 11

Figure 12

Figure 13

Figure 14

Mode for Carrying Out the Invention

[0030] The same reference numerals are used for the same or functionally equivalent components of the present invention. Further, for the sake of clarity, each drawing shows only the reference numerals necessary for the description of that drawing. The illustrated embodiments are merely examples of how the selector according to the present invention can be configured, and thus do not ultimately limit the present invention.

[0031] Figs. 1a and 1b illustrate a load tap changer 1 according to the present invention. This has a substantially rectangular load tap changer plate 2 configured as a rectangular parallelepiped, with right-angled edges or right-angled faces. This load tap changer plate 2 has a first side 3 and a second side 4 opposite thereto. A selector 5 and a load switch 6 are attached to this load tap changer plate 2. This load switch 6 has a vacuum interrupter 7, a boundary resistor 6, and a bridge switch 6. This selector 5 has a first selector arm 5.1 and a second selector arm 5.2. This selector 5 further has selector contacts connected to the winding taps of a control winding (not shown here) via corresponding terminals 10.

[0032] In the illustrated embodiment, this selector 5 is configured in a rotary form. In this case, the selector contacts are arranged in a circular shape and extend from the first side 3 through the on-load tap-changer plate 2 to the second side 4. These selector arms 5.1, 5.2 are pivotally supported on a bearing shaft and perform a rotational movement to contact the corresponding selector contacts. This first selector arm 5.1 is arranged on the first side 3 of the on-load tap-changer plate 2, and this second selector arm 5.2 is arranged on the opposite second side 4. These selector contacts are also arranged on both sides 3, 4 of the on-load tap-changer plate 2.

[0033] In this embodiment, the individual parts of the load switch 6 are also arranged on the first side 3 and the second side 4 of the on-load tap-changer plate 2. A bridge switch 9 is attached to the second side 4. A vacuum switch tube 7 and a boundary resistor 8 are attached to the first side 3. However, it is possible to attach or arrange all parts of the load switch 6 on the first side 3 or the second side 4 of the on-load tap-changer plate 2.

[0034] In the illustrated embodiment, the on-load tap-changer 1 has exactly one vacuum switch tube 7 and exactly one bridge switch 9. However, it is also possible to attach a plurality of vacuum switch tubes, a plurality of bridge switches, and other switches or switching contacts to the on-load tap-changer plate 2. This boundary resistor 8 is configured modularly and can be expanded according to requirements, so to speak, it can be enlarged or reduced.

[0035] This on-load tap-changer plate 2 is composed of an insulating material such as, for example, plastic, polyamide, polyphthalamide containing glass fiber, glass fiber reinforced plastic, or bakelite. This on-load tap-changer plate 2 can be configured as a plastic injection molding.

[0036] This on-load tap changer plate 2 has wall components 11, 12 at its outer edge. The selector 5, in particular the terminal 10 of the selector contact, is arranged on the first wall component 11 of the on-load tap changer plate 2. The terminal for the neutral point is arranged on the second wall component 12 at the opposite second outer edge of the on-load tap changer plate 2. By arranging all the terminals 10 of the selector 5 on one wall component 11, that is, on one side of the on-load tap changer plate 2, the on-load tap changer plate 2 can be directed or installed particularly optimally in the direction of the control winding. Connecting this selector 5 to the control winding is particularly simple.

[0037] Alternatively, instead of the boundary resistor 8, any current limiting element can also be arranged or attached to the on-load tap changer plate 2. This element can be a reactor in the form of a coil or winding, or else a varistor. Alternatively, for example, terminals that can connect a reactor arranged in the immediate vicinity of the on-load tap changer plate can be provided on the on-load tap changer plate.

[0038] Figure 2 shows the on-load tap changer 1 with three on-load tap changer plates according to the present invention. These plates are mechanically connected to each other by four rods 20 and one top plate 21. These rods 20 and the top plate 21 form a support frame 22. A motor 23 for operating the on-load tap changer 1 is arranged on this top plate 21. In this case, the motor 23 drives a drive shaft 24, and this shaft extends through the three on-load tap changer plates 2, and in this case, each load switch 6 and the selector 5 are operated. In the illustrated embodiment here, the three on-load tap changer plates 2 overlap in three planes and are arranged horizontally. However, it is also possible to arrange the three on-load tap changer plates 2 side by side in one plane. Further, it is possible to combine only a single on-load tap changer plate 2 and the top plate 21. And a motor 23 for operating the on-load tap changer 1 via the same drive shaft 24 is arranged on the top plate 21. The terminals 10 of the individual selectors 5 are arranged on one side of the on-load tap changer plate or are directed in a common direction.

[0039] Figure 3 shows a first embodiment of a tapped transformer 30 with an on-load tap changer 1 according to the present invention. This on-load tap changer 1 has three on-load tap changer plates 2 arranged horizontally overlapping the side of the active part 31. In this case, the motor 23 is arranged on the top plate 21 inside the tapped transformer 30. The energy supply to the motor 23 by the control unit 14 is carried out via a cable 32 leading from the inside to the outside of the tapped transformer 30. In this case, the on-load tap changer 1 is fixed to the yoke 33 of the active part 31 or the lid 34 of the tapped transformer 30. Advantageously, the terminals 10 of the selector are directed in the direction of the active part 31 and thus in the direction of the taps of the control winding.

[0040] Figure 4 shows another embodiment of the tapped transformer 30 in which the motor 23 of the on-load tap changer 1 is located outside the tapped transformer 30, here on the cover 34. This motor 23 can be mounted on any other outer wall of the tapped transformer 30. However, in that case, the motor is connected to the on-load tap changer 1, and in particular to its drive shaft 24, via a rod or an angle transmission. This on-load tap changer 1 can be fixed to the yoke 33 or the cover 34 of the active part 31 by the top plate 21.

[0041] Figure 5 shows another embodiment of the tapped transformer 30 provided with the on-load tap changer 1. In this case, the on-load tap changer 1 is arranged above the active part 31. This on-load tap changer 1 has three on-load tap changer plates 2 arranged vertically side by side. Also in this case, the motor 23 is arranged on the top plate 21 inside the tapped transformer 30. This on-load tap changer 1 can be fixed to the yoke 33 or the cover 34 of the active part 31 by the top plate 21. The motor 23 of this on-load tap changer 1 can also be arranged outside the tapped transformer 30.

[0042] Figure 6 shows another embodiment of the tapped transformer 30 provided with the on-load tap changer 1. In this case, the on-load tap changer 1 is arranged below the active part 31. This on-load tap changer 1 has three on-load tap changer plates 2 arranged vertically side by side. Also in this case, the motor 23 is arranged on the top plate 21 inside the tapped transformer 30. This on-load tap changer 1 can be fixed to the yoke 33 or the cover 34 of the active part 31 by the top plate 21. The motor 23 of this on-load tap changer 1 can also be arranged outside the tapped transformer 30.

[0043] FIG. 7 shows another implementation configuration of the tapped transformer 30 equipped with the on-load tap changer 1. In this case, the on-load tap changer 1 is arranged above the active part 31. This on-load tap changer 1 has three on-load tap changer plates 2 arranged horizontally side by side in one plane. Also in this case, the motor 23 is arranged on the top plate 21 inside the tapped transformer 30. Arranging such on-load tap changer plates 2 in one plane is a particularly space-saving form. This on-load tap changer 1 can be fixed to the yoke 33 or the lid 34 of the active part 31 by the top plate 21. The motor 23 of this on-load tap changer 1 can also be arranged outside the tapped transformer 30.

[0044] FIG. 8 shows another implementation configuration of the tapped transformer 30 equipped with the on-load tap changer 1. In this case, the on-load tap changer 1 is arranged below the active part 31. This on-load tap changer 1 has three on-load tap changer plates 2 arranged horizontally side by side in one plane. Also in this case, the motor 23 is arranged on the top plate 21 inside the tapped transformer 30. This on-load tap changer 1 can be fixed to the yoke 33 or the bottom of the active part 31 by the top plate 21. The motor 23 of this on-load tap changer 1 can also be arranged outside the tapped transformer 30.

[0045] FIG. 9 shows another implementation configuration of the tapped transformer 30 equipped with the on-load tap changer 1. In this case, the on-load tap changer 1 is arranged on the side of the active part 31. This on-load tap changer 1 has three on-load tap changer plates 2 arranged horizontally overlapping in one plane. Also in this case, the motor 23 is arranged on the top plate 21 inside the tapped transformer 30. Such a variation of the arrangement configuration is also a particularly space-saving form. Therefore, this on-load tap changer 1 can be mounted particularly close to the active part 31. This on-load tap changer 1 can be fixed to the yoke 33 or the lid 34 of the active part 31 by the top plate 21. The motor 23 of this on-load tap changer 1 can also be arranged outside the tapped transformer 30.

[0046] Figure 10 shows another implementation configuration of the tapped transformer 30 provided with the on-load tap changer 1. In this case, the on-load tap changer 1 is arranged below the active part 31. This on-load tap changer 1 has three on-load tap changer plates 2 arranged horizontally side by side in one plane. Also in this case, the motor 23 is arranged on the top plate 21 inside the tapped transformer 30. This on-load tap changer 1 can be fixed to the yoke 33 or the bottom of the active part 31 by the top plate 21. The motor 23 of this on-load tap changer 1 can also be arranged outside the tapped transformer 30.

[0047] Figure 11 shows another implementation configuration of the tapped transformer 30 provided with the on-load tap changer 1. In this case, the on-load tap changer 1 is arranged above the active part 31. This on-load tap changer 1 has three on-load tap changer plates 2 arranged horizontally side by side in one plane. Also in this case, the motor 23 is arranged on the top plate 21 inside the tapped transformer 30. This on-load tap changer 1 can be fixed to the yoke 33 or the lid 34 of the active part 31 by the top plate 21. The motor 23 of this on-load tap changer 1 can also be arranged outside the tapped transformer 30.

[0048] Figure 12 shows another implementation configuration of the tapped transformer 30 provided with the on-load tap changer 1. In this case, the on-load tap changer 1 is arranged in front of, behind or on the side of the active part 31. This on-load tap changer 1 has three on-load tap changer plates 2 arranged horizontally side by side in one plane. Also in this case, the motor 23 is arranged on the top plate 21 inside the tapped transformer 30. Such a variation of the arrangement configuration is also a space-saving form in particular. Therefore, this on-load tap changer 1 can be mounted particularly close to the active part 31. This on-load tap changer 1 can be fixed to the yoke 33 or the lid 34 of the active part 31 by the top plate 21. The motor 23 of this on-load tap changer 1 can also be arranged outside the tapped transformer 30.

[0049] FIG. 13 illustrates another implementation configuration of the tapped transformer 30 equipped with the on-load tap changer 1. In this case, the on-load tap changer 1 is arranged in the upper region on the side of the active part 31. This on-load tap changer 1 has three on-load tap changer plates 2 arranged horizontally side by side. Also in this case, the motor 23 is arranged on the top plate 21 inside the tapped transformer 30. Such a variation of the arrangement configuration is also a particularly space-saving form. Therefore, this on-load tap changer 1 can be mounted particularly close to the active part 31. The housing of this tapped transformer 30 can be configured in a particularly space-saving form. The volume below this on-load tap changer 1 can be omitted. This on-load tap changer 1 can be fixed to the yoke 33 or the lid 34 of the active part 31 by the top plate 21. The motor 23 of this on-load tap changer 1 can also be arranged outside the tapped transformer 30.

[0050] FIG. 14 illustrates another implementation configuration of the tapped transformer 30 equipped with the on-load tap changer 1. Each on-load tap changer 1 has a top plate 21 and an on-load tap changer plate 2 respectively. Further, a motor 23 is arranged on each top plate 21. All the motors 23 are connected to the control unit 14 outside the tapped transformer 30. If necessary, the individual on-load tap changers 1 can be arranged at different locations near the active part. Such an arrangement configuration is also a particularly space-saving form. The housing of this tapped transformer 30 can be configured in a particularly space-saving form.

[0051] In another implementation configuration not shown here, the on-load tap changer 1 can also be arranged outside the tapped transformer 30. And this on-load tap changer can be screwed or fixed to the unique housing of the tapped transformer. Also in this case, the motor 23 can be arranged outside the housing of the on-load tap changer 1 or inside the housing of the tapped transformer 30. Note that although this application relates to the invention described in the claims, other aspects may also include the following configurations. 1. A on-load tap changer (1) that performs uninterrupted load switching between different winding taps of a tapped transformer (30), having an on-load tap changer plate (2), a selector (5), and a load switch (6), and the selector (5) and the load switch (6) are attached to the on-load tap changer plate (2). The on-load tap changer. 2. In the on-load tap changer (1) described in 1 above, The load switch (6) has a vacuum switch tube (7), a boundary resistor (8), and a bridge switch (9). The on-load tap changer. 3. In the on-load tap changer (1) described in 2 above, The vacuum switch tube (7) is attached to the first side (3) of the on-load tap changer plate (2), and the boundary resistor (8) and the bridge switch (9) are attached to the second side (4) on the opposite side of the on-load tap changer plate (2). The on-load tap changer. 4. In the on-load tap changer (1) described in 1 above, The selector (5) has a first selector arm (5.1), a second selector arm (5.2), and a pre-selector (13). The on-load tap changer. 5. In the on-load tap changer (1) described in 4 above, The first selector arm (5.1) is attached to the first side (3) of the on-load tap changer plate (2), and the second selector arm (5.2) and the pre-selector (13) are attached to the second side (4) on the opposite side of the on-load tap changer plate (2). The on-load tap changer. 6. In the on-load tap changer (1) described in any one of 1 to 5 above, The on-load tap changer plate (2) is configured in a rectangular parallelepiped shape and has a first wall component (11), and a terminal (10) for the selector (5) is arranged on this first wall component. The on-load tap changer. 7. In the on-load tap changer (1) described in any one of 1 to 6 above, Three on-load tap changer plates (2) each having one load switch (5) and one selector (6) are provided, and these three on-load tap changer plates (2) are mechanically connected to each other by a support frame (22). A load tap changer in which these load switches (6) and selectors (5) on the load tap changer plate (2) are operated by a common drive shaft (24). 8. A tapped transformer (30) comprising the load tap changer (1) according to any one of 1 to 7 above, An active part (31) is arranged inside this tapped transformer (30), A tapped transformer in which this load tap changer (1) is arranged inside the tapped transformer, on one or more of the sides, above, and below this active part (31). 9. In the tapped transformer (30) comprising the load tap changer (1) according to 8 above, A tapped transformer in which the load tap changer plate (2) of this load tap changer (1) is oriented in a horizontal or vertical direction with respect to the active part (31). 10. In the tapped transformer (30) comprising the load tap changer (1) according to 8 or 9 above, A tapped transformer in which a motor (23) for operating the drive shaft (24) of this load tap changer (1) is arranged inside or outside this tapped transformer (30).

Explanation of Symbols

[0052] 1 Load Tap Changer 2 Load Tap Changer Plate 3 First Side 4 Second side 5 Selector 5.1 First selector arm 5.2 Second selector arm 6 Load switcher 7 Vacuum switch tube 8 Boundary resistance 9 Bridge switch 10 Terminal 11 First wall component 12 Second wall component 13 Preselector 14 Control unit 20 Rod 21 Top plate 22 Support frame 23 Motor 24 Drive shaft 30 Tapped transformer 31 Active part 32 Cable 33 Yoke 34 Cover

Claims

1. A on-load tap changer (1) for performing interruption-free load switching between different winding taps of a tapped transformer (30), comprising: one on-load tap changer plate (2), one selector (5), and one load switch (6); wherein said selector (5) and load switch (6) are attached to the on-load tap changer plate (2); said load switch (6) has a vacuum switch tube (7), a boundary resistor (8), and a bridge switch (9); said vacuum switch tube (7) is attached to the first side (3) of the on-load tap changer plate (2), and said boundary resistor (8) and bridge switch (9) are attached to the second side (4) opposite to the first side of the on-load tap changer plate (2); said selector (5) has a first selector arm (5.1), a second selector arm (5.2), and a preselector (13); said first selector arm (5.1) is attached to the first side (3) of the on-load tap changer plate (2), and said second selector arm (5.2) and preselector (13) are attached to the second side (4) opposite to the first side of the on-load tap changer plate (2).

2. The on-load tap changer (1) according to Claim 1, wherein: said on-load tap changer plate (2) is configured in a rectangular parallelepiped shape and has a first wall component (11); terminals (10) for the selector (5) are arranged on this first wall component.

3. The on-load tap changer (1) according to Claim 1 or 2, wherein: three on-load tap changer plates (2) each having one load switch (5) and one selector (6) respectively are provided; these three on-load tap changer plates (2) are mechanically connected to each other by a support frame (22); said load switches (6) and selectors (5) on the on-load tap changer plate (2) are operated by a common drive shaft (24).

4. A tapped transformer (30) provided with the on-load tap changer (1) according to any one of Claims 1 to 3, wherein: an active part (31) is arranged inside this tapped transformer (30); this on-load tap changer (1) is arranged inside the tapped transformer, on one or more of the sides, above, and below this active part (31).

5. In a tapped transformer (30) provided with a on-load tap changer (1) according to claim 4, a tapped transformer in which a on-load tap changer plate (2) of the on-load tap changer (1) is oriented in a horizontal or vertical direction with respect to the active part (31). **Claim 6** In a tapped transformer (30) provided with a on-load tap changer (1) according to claim 4 or 5, a tapped transformer in which a motor (23) for operating a drive shaft (24) of the on-load tap changer (1) is disposed inside or outside the tapped transformer (30).

Images