Spatial shielding structure

Abstract

To shield spaces in a simple constitution.SOLUTION: A space shielding structure 1 comprises a heat generation part 3 for generating an ascending air current. The heat generation part 3 is provided along a boundary B between a first space S1 in which at least one person is made to stay, and a second space S2 in which at least one different person is made to stay opposite to the at least one person.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a spatial shielding structure, and more particularly to a spatial shielding structure that utilizes an updraft. [Background technology]

[0002] Air curtains are commonly used as spatial shielding structures that utilize air currents to separate spaces. Air curtains typically separate spaces using a downward air current, but some are known to separate spaces using an upward air current. Patent Document 1 discloses an air curtain device in which a fan with an upward-facing outlet is embedded in the floor. Patent Document 2 discloses a work environment purification device that has an updraft outlet that creates an updraft surrounding a contamination source and an exhaust canopy hood installed above the updraft outlet. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 6-323594 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 53-166745 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] In recent years, as part of infectious disease prevention measures, it has become desirable to implement measures in various facilities to prevent people from directly exhaling air from coming into contact with other people. While utilizing rising air currents could be one solution, it requires a fan and a belt-shaped air outlet, making the equipment large-scale and unrealistic to implement, especially in existing buildings. Furthermore, the air current expelled from the air outlet weakens and becomes turbulent (disperses) the higher it travels, making it difficult to form a stable rising air current.

[0005] An object of the present invention is to provide a space shielding structure that can shield a space with a simple configuration. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] The spatial shielding structure of one aspect of the present invention has a heat generating part that generates an updraft. The heat generating part has a first space where at least one person is to stay and a second space where at least one other person is to face the at least one person. Teru The heating portion is linear or strip-shaped, and multiple stages of heating portions are arranged in an aerial state at intervals in the vertical direction. Another aspect of the spatial shielding structure of the present invention has a plate-shaped body equipped with a heat-generating portion that generates an updraft. The heat-generating portion is provided along the boundary between a first space in which at least one person is to remain and a second space in which at least one other person is to remain adjacent to or facing the at least one person. The heat-generating portion is linear, strip-shaped, or planar and is provided along the lower edge of the plate-shaped body, and the plate-shaped body has a metal strip-shaped body that is connected to the heat-generating portion and extends upward from the heat-generating portion. [Effects of the Invention]

[0007] According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a space shielding structure that can shield a space with a simple configuration. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0008] [Figure 1] 1 is a schematic diagram of a spatial shielding structure according to a first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the partitions and heat-generating parts of the spatial shielding structure shown in FIG. 1. [Figure 3] FIG. 10 is a conceptual diagram showing airflow when there is no spatial shielding structure using a heat-generating portion. [Figure 4] 1A to 1C are conceptual diagrams showing various methods for installing a heat generating unit. [Figure 5] 1A to 1C are conceptual diagrams showing various methods for installing a heat generating unit. [Figure 6] FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a spatial shielding structure according to a second embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 7] FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an analysis space in a simulation. [Figure 8] FIG. 10 is a diagram showing various dimensions in a simulation. [Figure 9] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an outline of a subject to be considered in a simulation. [Figure 10] FIG. 10 is a diagram showing distributions of wind speed and contamination level in a comparative example. [Figure 11] FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the distribution of wind speed and contamination level in Reference Example 1. [Figure 12] FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the distribution of wind speed and contamination level in Reference Example 3. [Figure 13] FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the distribution of wind speed and contamination level in Example 4. [Figure 14] 10 is a graph showing the evaluation results in Example 5. [Figure 15] FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the distribution of wind speed and contamination level in Examples 5-11. [Figure 16] 10 is a graph showing the evaluation results in Example 6. [Figure 17] FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the distribution of wind speed and contamination level in Example 6-1. [Figure 18] FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the distribution of wind speed and contamination level in Example 6-4. [Figure 19] 10 is a graph showing the evaluation results in Example 7. [Figure 20] FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the distribution of wind speed and contamination level in Example 7-2. [Figure 21] FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the distribution of wind speed and contamination level in Example 7-6. [Figure 22] FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a spatial shielding structure according to a modified example of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0009] Several embodiments of the spatial shielding structure of the present invention are described below. The space targeted by the present invention is any space where people spend a certain period of time face-to-face, particularly a space where bacteria or viruses may be transmitted. The "certain period of time" is determined appropriately based on factors such as the density of people in the space, ventilation conditions, and the infectiousness of the target bacteria or virus, and is not limited by the present invention. Typical examples of spaces targeted by the present invention include spaces where people stay for relatively long periods of time, such as offices, restaurants, coffee shops, and library reading rooms, but also include cash registers in commercial facilities, counters at stations, banks, movie theaters, medical institutions, and conference rooms. Furthermore, as long as a face-to-face interaction may continue for a certain period of time, the present invention is applicable not only to spaces where one-on-one or small-group face-to-small-group interactions are expected, but also to spaces where one or more people face multiple people, such as theaters, halls, and school classrooms. The space is typically a closed space such as an indoor space, but may also be a semi-outdoor space with a roof or a completely outdoor space.

[0010] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a spatial shielding structure 1 according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The spatial shielding structure 1 separates spaces in which people can reside using an updraft, and prevents particles, droplets, and the like contained in each space from moving between the two separated spaces. In the following description, one space is referred to as a first space S1, and the other space is referred to as a second space S2. The first space S1 and the second space S2 are adjacent to each other via a boundary B. At least one person is allowed to reside in the first space S1, and at least one other person is allowed to reside in the second space S2, facing the person residing in the first space S1.

[0011] In this embodiment, a first desk D1 is provided in the first space S1, and a second desk D2 facing the first desk D1 is provided in the second space S2. Therefore, the person using the first desk D1 and the person using the second desk D2 will sit opposite each other. A partition 2 is provided at the boundary B between the first space S1 and the second space S2, i.e., the boundary between the first desk D1 and the second desk D2. The partition 2 is a plate-like body provided along the boundary B between the first space S1 and the second space S2, separating the first desk D1 and the second desk D2. The type of partition 2 is not limited, and an existing partition can be used.

[0012] Figure 2(a) is a perspective view of partition 2, and Figure 2(b) is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in Figure 2(a). A heating unit 3 is attached to rectangular partition 2. Partition 2 is directly fixed to the first desk D1 or the second desk D2, and there is no vertical gap between partition 2 and the first or second desk D1, D2. This allows partition 2 itself to provide a spatial shielding effect. Heating units 3 are provided on both sides of partition 2, i.e., along boundary B between first space S1 and second space S2. Heating unit 3 is a strip-shaped heating element, and commercially available ribbon heaters can be used. Heating unit 3 is provided along the bottom edge of partition 2, with its longitudinal direction generally oriented horizontally. This creates an updraft on the side of partition 2, allowing exhaled air that reaches partition 2 to rise along the side of partition 2.

[0013] The heating element 3 is fixed to the partition 2 using any fixing means 4, such as double-sided tape, adhesive, or clamps. The heating element 3 only needs to be installed on one side of the partition 2. Installing the heating element 3 on only one side of the partition 2 reduces the installation effort and costs. Installing it on both sides of the partition 2 makes it easier to ensure the required heat output. Because the heating element 3 is an electric heater, no additional equipment is required for connection if an outlet is nearby. Therefore, a spatial shielding structure 1 using an electric heater can reduce costs compared to equipment that generates updrafts using fans or other devices. The heating element 3 may also be a pipe carrying hot or heated water. As shown in Figure 2(c), the heating element 3 can be installed on the top surface of the partition 2 in addition to both side surfaces (or one side surface). If the heater output is insufficient, installing the heating element 3 on the top surface can provide the required heat output. It is preferable that the on / off and heat output of the heating element 3 be controlled by a control device (not shown). It is also preferable to control the on / off and heat output using a motion sensor, temperature sensor, timer, or the like.

[0014] Figure 3 is a conceptual diagram showing the flow of exhaled air when no heating unit 3 is provided. As shown in Figure 3(a), when neither partition 2 nor heating unit 3 is provided, a person's exhaled air easily reaches the person opposite, and no spatial shielding effect can be expected. When partition 2 is provided as shown in Figure 3(b), the shielding effect of partition 2 reduces the amount of exhaled air that reaches the person opposite. However, as will be described in the examples below, partition 2 repels the exhaled air, making it more likely to diffuse to the rear. For this reason, a sufficient spatial shielding effect cannot be obtained in spaces where many people are present, such as offices.

[0015] In contrast, in this embodiment, as shown in Figure 1, the heat generating unit 3 generates an updraft. As the exhaled air rises along with the updraft, not only is the amount of exhaled air that reaches the person facing the person reduced, but the amount of exhaled air that diffuses backward is also reduced. Note that what is important in this invention is that an updraft is generated by heating the air, and the partition 2 is not an essential component. As will be described in the examples below, the spatial shielding effect of the updraft can be obtained even without the partition 2. It is preferable that the heat output of the heat generating unit 3 is at least 10 W / m.

[0016] The emissivity of the surface of the heat generating unit 3 is preferably 0.1 or less. When a commercially available ribbon heater is used as the heat generating unit 3, the ribbon heater can be covered with a cover made of a material with an emissivity of 0.1 or less, for example. Examples of materials with an emissivity of 0.1 or less include aluminum, iron, copper, and nickel (all with polished surfaces). Because radiation is limited, most of the heat is used to heat the air, which promotes convective heat transfer and efficiently creates an updraft. In addition, because the radiant heat received by humans is limited, the perceived heat can be reduced.

[0017] As shown in Figures 2(b) and 2(c), the heat generating unit 3 can be covered with a breathable cover 5. The cover 5 can be formed, for example, from a metal or resin mesh, lattice, or perforated pipe. This prevents people from directly touching the heat generating unit 3, reducing the risk of burns. If the temperature of the heat generating unit 3 is low, or if a separate means is provided to prevent people from approaching the heat generating unit 3, the cover 5 can be omitted.

[0018] As shown in Figure 1, a space including a first space S1 and a second space S2 may be subjected to displacement air conditioning. In displacement air conditioning, air is supplied 6 from the floor or its vicinity, and exhausted 7 from an exhaust port in the ceiling. Because an ascending air current is created by the air conditioning, the heated air generated by the heat generating unit 3 rises more reliably, allowing human exhaled air to be efficiently exhausted.

[0019] 4 and 5 are conceptual diagrams showing various installation methods for the heat generating unit 3. In the example shown in FIG. 4(a), a gap G is provided between the partition 2 and the first and second desks D1 and D2. That is, the partition 2 is positioned elevated from the first and second desks D1 and D2. The partition 2 is supported by multiple support legs 9. The support legs 9 are fixed to a base 15 made of a plate or tape, and the base 15 is attached to the first and second desks D1 and D2. The gap G connects the first space S1 and the second space S2. By providing the gap G, voices can be more easily heard between people sitting opposite each other, enabling smooth communication. The gap G is provided at a constant height across the entire width of the first and second desks D1 and D2, but it may also be provided only in a portion of the width. Alternatively, the partition 2 without a gap G shown in FIG. 2 may have multiple openings or slits penetrating the partition 2. Although not shown, the partition 2 may be vertically movable, and the height of the gap G may be variable.

[0020] In the example shown in FIG. 4(b), the heat generating unit 3 is provided along the lower edge of the partition 2, which is further provided with a plurality of metal strips 10. The strips 10 are connected to the heat generating unit 3 and extend upward relative to the heat generating unit 3. The strips 10 may be metal plates, metal foils, or the like. As heat is transferred through the strips 10, the heat generating unit 3 is configured to be substantially two-dimensional, enabling an efficient formation of an ascending air current.

[0021] In the example shown in FIG. 4(c), the heat generating unit 3 is mounted on the first or second desk D1 or D2 via a base 15. No partition 2 is provided, and the heat generating surface of the heat generating unit 3 faces sideways. Since the heat generating unit 3 generates heat from both sides, only one heat generating unit 3 is required, but two heat generating units 3 may be mounted via a plate-shaped substrate (not shown) that holds the heat generating unit 3. In the example shown in FIG. 4(d), the heat generating unit 3 is mounted on the first or second desk D2 via a base 15 with its heat generating surface facing upward. In the example shown in FIG. 4(e), a total of three heat generating units 3 are mounted on both side surfaces and the top surface of a rod-shaped substrate 11. If the heater output is insufficient, the required amount of heat can be obtained by increasing the number of heat generating units 3 in this way.

[0022] In the example shown in FIG. 5, the heat generating unit 3 is provided in an aerial position. In the example shown in FIG. 5(a), the heat generating unit 3 is supported from below by multiple support legs 9. The support legs 9 are fixed to a base 15 made of a plate or tape, and the base 15 is installed on the first and second desks D1 and D2. In the example shown in FIG. 5(b), the heat generating unit 3 shown in FIG. 5(a) is provided in multiple vertical tiers. Because the heat generating unit 3 is configured in a two-dimensional shape, it is possible to efficiently generate an ascending air current. In the example shown in FIG. 5(c), the heat generating unit 3 is suspended from above by a support structure 12. The heat generating unit 3 is a linear body made of a highly heat-generating material such as nichrome wire. In the example shown in FIG. 5(d), the heat generating unit 3 shown in FIG. 5(c) is provided in multiple tiers spaced apart in the vertical direction. Because the heat generating unit 3 is configured in a two-dimensional shape, it is possible to efficiently generate an ascending air current, similar to the example shown in FIG. 5(b). In the examples shown in Figures 5(a) and (b), a linear body may be used, or a strip-shaped body may be used as shown in Figures 5(c) and (d). Even when the heat generating unit 3 is installed in an aerial state, a cover 5 can be provided as shown in Figure 5(e) (though this figure shows an example of a linear body, the same applies to a strip-shaped body). When the heat generating unit 3 is a linear body with low rigidity, the cover 5 can be used as a "sheath" to house and hold the linear body, and the support legs 9 or support structure 12 can be attached to the cover 5. As shown in Figure 5(f), a total of three strip-shaped heat generating units 3 can be attached to both side surfaces and the top of the base material 11, as in Figure 4(e), and installed in an aerial state. The example shown in Figure 5 does not have partitions, making it particularly suitable for use in places where communication is required, such as restaurants and conference rooms.

[0023] FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a spatial shielding structure 1 according to a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6(a) is a front view of the spatial shielding structure 1, FIG. 6(b) is a perspective view, and FIG. 6(c) is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A in FIG. 6(b). The heat-generating unit 3 is provided on a step. Specifically, a step is provided between the floor F1 of the first space S1 and the floor F2 of the second space S2, and the heat-generating unit 3 is provided on a side surface 13 connecting the floor surfaces of the first space S1 and the second space S2. This embodiment can be applied when the first space S1 is located above the second space S2, as in the case of a stage, for example. As shown in FIG. 6(c), a heat insulating material 14 may be provided between the heat-generating unit 3 and the side surface 13 of the step. This prevents or suppresses the heat generated by the heat-generating unit 3 from being transmitted to the side surface 13, allowing the heat generated by the heat-generating unit 3 to be efficiently used to heat the air. There are no limitations on the material of the heat insulating material 14, as long as it is a material with a lower thermal conductivity than the material composing the side surface 13. As in the previous embodiment, the heat generating portion 3 can be covered with a breathable cover 5. As shown by the dashed line in Figure 6(b), a partition 2 may be installed between the first space S1 and the second space S2, in which case the heat generating portion 3 may be provided in the partition 2.

[0024] (Example) Next, the characteristics of various types of spatial shielding structures 1 were evaluated by simulation. The simulation was performed using the thermal fluid analysis software Flow Designer 2020 for the analysis space shown in Figure 7. The dimensions of the partition 2 and heat generating part 3 in the simulation are shown in Figure 8. Figure 8(a) is a perspective view, and Figure 8(b) is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A in Figure 8(a). Figure 9 shows an overview of the comparative example, reference example, and working example. The analysis conditions are as follows. The evaluation items were the degree of face contamination of the person facing the object (hereinafter referred to as face contamination degree), the degree of rear contamination, and the degree of front contamination (unit: pieces / CFT) shown in Figure 7. CFT is an abbreviation for cubic feet, which is 30.48 cm cubic, or approximately 0.028 m 3 The air volume of the exhaled breath is normal (air volume 0.36 m 3 / h), which corresponds to a sneeze or a slight cough. The width of the desk and the length of the heating element are equal, and their length L is 1.2 m.

[0025] [Table 1]

[0026] (Comparative Examples, Reference Examples 1 to 3, Examples 1 to 4) The comparative example does not have a partition, heater, or fan. Reference example 1 has only a partition. Reference examples 2 and 3 have air outlets on both sides of the partition. The air outlets are connected to a fan and are installed on the desk facing upward along the bottom edge of the partition. Reference examples 2 and 3 differ in the wind speed of the air discharged from the air outlet. Examples 1 to 3 have a heater on the bottom edge of the partition. Example 4 has a heater installed on the desk along the bottom edge of the partition. The heater width in Examples 1 to 4 is 1 cm (note that the heater width in Examples 5 to 7 is also 1 cm unless otherwise specified).

[0027] The results are shown in Table 2. Figures 10(a) and 10(b) show the distribution of wind speed and contamination level for the comparative example, Figures 11(a) and 11(b) show the distribution of wind speed and contamination level for Reference Example 1, and Figures 12(a) and 12(b) show the distribution of wind speed and contamination level for Reference Example 3. Darker shaded areas indicate areas with high wind speed and contamination level. The numbers in the figures indicate wind speed (m / s) and contamination level. The comparative example had high facial contamination levels and high forward contamination levels. By providing a partition (Reference Example 1), the facial contamination levels and forward contamination levels were significantly reduced, but the backward contamination level increased. This is because the airflow was repelled backward by the partition, as can be seen in Figure 11(b). This shows that the partition alone cannot effectively prevent the diffusion of airflow to the rear. When a fan was provided (Reference Examples 2 and 3), there was a large difference due to wind speed. There is almost no effect at a wind speed of 0.2 m / s (Reference Example 2), but at a wind speed of 1.0 m / s (Reference Example 3), the degree of facial contamination, front contamination, and rear contamination are all significantly improved compared to the comparative example.

[0028] In Example 1, a strip heater with an output of 100 W was installed along the bottom edge of one side of the partition, while in Example 2, a strip heater with an output of 50 W was installed along the bottom edge of one side of the partition. In Example 3, strip heaters with an output of 50 W each were installed along the bottom edges of both sides of the partition, for a total of 100 W. In Example 4, no partition was installed, and a strip heater with an output of 100 W was installed directly on the desk. Among Examples 1 to 4, Examples 1 and 3, in which heaters with a total output of 100 W were installed on the side of the partition, showed significant improvements in the face contamination level, front contamination level, and rear contamination level compared to the comparative example, and obtained results equivalent to Reference Example 3. Examples 1 and 3 have approximately the same spatial shielding effect, but the front contamination level was lower in Example 1, where a heater was installed only on one side. In Example 2, the front contamination level was higher than in Example 1 due to the lower heater output, but was better than the comparative example. Furthermore, good results were obtained compared to Reference Example 1, except for the front contamination level. From Example 4, it can be seen that a certain degree of effect can be achieved even without providing a partition.

[0029] Figures 13(a) and 13(b) show the distribution of air velocity and contamination level for Example 4. The air velocity above the heater is low, thereby suppressing the forward diffusion of contaminants. Comparing Examples 1, 3, and 4, which have the same heater output, Examples 1 and 3 achieved superior results to Example 4 in all evaluation items. Comparing Figure 13 with Figure 15 (described below), one possible reason for this is that when the heater's heating surface faces sideways, the cross-sectional area of ​​the rising air current is narrowed, resulting in the formation of a stable air current (a planar air curtain). On the other hand, when the heater's heating surface faces upward, the cross-sectional area of ​​the rising air current increases, making the rising air current more likely to diffuse (the air curtain spreads in the depth direction). In other words, for a heater (heating element) with a strip-shaped heating surface, it is advantageous for the perpendicular line drawn from the heating surface to be horizontal. However, if ease of installation is more important than spatial shielding, Example 4 may also be an option.

[0030] [Table 2]

[0031] Example 5 Table 3 and Figure 14 show the evaluation results when the partition top height H1 is used as a parameter. For comparison, the evaluation results for the Comparative Example, Reference Examples 1 to 3, and Example 1 are also shown. The horizontal axis represents the partition top height H1, and the vertical axis represents each evaluation item. The facial contamination level is generally inversely proportional to the partition top height H1. The rear and front contamination levels vary when the partition top height H1 is less than approximately 30 cm, but there is no significant variation above 30 cm. Figure 15 shows the distribution of air speed and contamination level for Examples 5 to 11 (partition top height H1 = 60 cm). The high air speed region extends almost vertically above the heat-generating element 3, effectively preventing the forward diffusion of contaminants. Compared to Reference Example 3 (partition + fan, air speed 1 m / s) shown in Figure 12, it can be seen that the high air speed region in Reference Example 3 is almost absent in the upper part. In the case of a fan, the driving force that lifts the air upward is the air speed or air volume at the outlet. For this reason, it is thought that as the air moves upward, the wind speed decreases due to the air resistance of the surrounding air, causing the airflow to diffuse and weaken. In contrast, in the present embodiment, the driving force that lifts the air upward is the temperature difference with the surrounding air, i.e., the density difference. Because of the high insulating properties of air, the high-temperature air mass rises without mixing with the surrounding air, so the decrease in driving force is suppressed even as the air moves upward. Therefore, compared to spatial shielding structures 1 that use fans, spatial shielding structures 1 that use heat-generating units 3 are, in principle, more effective at pushing up the air without weakening or disturbing (diffusing) it. As a result, it is possible to suppress the diffusion of exhaled air not only to people facing the air but also to the surrounding area, and if the exhaled air contains viruses, it is possible to prevent the virus from infecting others.

[0032] [Table 3]

[0033] Example 6 Table 4 and Figure 16 show the evaluation results when a 10 cm gap is provided between the desk and the partition top height H1 is used as a parameter. The facial contamination level tends to increase as the partition top height H1 increases, while the rear and front contamination levels tend to decrease as the partition top height H1 increases. Figure 17 shows the distribution of wind speed and contamination level for Example 6-1, and Figure 18 shows that for Example 6-4. In Example 6-4, the facial contamination level is worse, even though the partition height H2 is higher than in Example 6-1. This is thought to be because the presence of the partition causes the exhaled air to stagnate in front of the partition, and some of the exhaled air flows through the gap below the partition to the back side of the partition. In Example 6-1, although the partition top height H1 is low, an updraft is formed above the partition. In other words, in Example 6-1, there is no partition where the partition in Example 6-4 is located, and an updraft exists. This is thought to be why the exhaled air does not stagnate in front of the partition but is discharged upward. When providing a gap, as far as the degree of facial contamination is concerned, it is advantageous to have a smaller partition height H2, and it is preferable that the partition height H2 is at least smaller than the height of the gap. Furthermore, compared to Example 5 in which a gap is not provided, Example 6 is equivalent up to a partition top height H1 of about 30 cm, and providing a gap makes it possible to improve communication.

[0034] [Table 4]

[0035] Example 7 Table 5 and Figure 19 show the evaluation results when the heater was installed overhead and the partition top height H1 was used as a parameter. The heater in this example was the same as that shown in Figure 5(f), and the partition top height H1 refers to the heater installation height. The heaters were installed on three sides of the partition: two side walls and the top wall. The facial contamination level was lowest when the heater height was approximately 20 to 40 cm, and the forward contamination level was lowest when the heater height was approximately 10 to 30 cm. In other words, there is an appropriate range for the heater height, and the facial and forward contamination levels increased when the heater height was higher or lower than this range. Figure 20 shows the wind speed and contamination level distribution for Example 7-2, and Figure 21 shows the distribution for Example 7-6. When the heater height was low (Example 7-2), the upward airflow collapsed above, and it was thought that the movement of exhaled air in the X direction could not be sufficiently prevented. It is preferable to install the overhead heater at a position at least 10 cm above the desk surface (desk top). When the heater is high (Example 7-6), it is thought that it is not possible to sufficiently prevent exhaled air from circulating around from below the heater. Therefore, it is preferable to install the overhead heater below the line drawn from the mouth in the direction of exhaled air. Furthermore, compared to Example 5, in which no gap is provided, this example is equivalent up to a partition top height H1 of approximately 30 cm, and providing a gap can improve communication.

[0036] [Table 5]

[0037] Although the present invention has been described above using embodiments and examples, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments and examples. For example, a heat generating unit or a partition equipped with a heat generating unit can be installed along the boundary between a first space in which at least one person is to be present and a second space in which at least one other person is to be present adjacent to the at least one person on the side. This can prevent exhaled air from scattering toward adjacent people (people facing the same direction) on the side. A heat generating unit or a partition equipped with a heat generating unit can be installed on at least one side of the first space, preferably both sides. In this case, a heat generating unit or a partition equipped with a heat generating unit can also be installed in front of the first space. In other words, a heat generating unit or a partition equipped with a heat generating unit can be installed on three sides, including the front and sides of the first space. This can prevent the diffusion of exhaled air that bounces back from the front by the partition. By installing side heat generating units or partitions equipped with heat generating units, for example, from one end of a room to the other, it is possible to prevent exhaled air from circulating from the sides. Of course, it is also possible to surround the entire periphery of the first space with a heat generating portion or a partition equipped with a heat generating portion.

[0038] The heat generating unit 3 may also be a lighting fixture such as a fluorescent lamp, LED lamp, or incandescent lamp. In particular, lighting devices that emit ultraviolet light, such as ultraviolet fluorescent lamps and LED black lights, are expected to have a sterilizing effect against viruses and other pathogens, and are therefore suitable for use in the present invention. For LED lamps, the power supply unit may be elongated, and the heat generated by the power supply may be utilized. Figure 22 shows a schematic diagram of a spatial shielding structure 1 according to a modified example of the present invention. Lighting fixtures 17 are installed on both sides of partition 2, i.e., along the boundary B between the first space S1 and the second space S2. Lighting fixtures 17 are attached to terminals 18 connected to a power source, and at least the upper vertical side is open. Lighting fixtures 17 are placed directly on the first and second desks D1 and D2, but may also be attached to partition 2. Lighting fixtures 17 generate heat, thereby functioning as heat generating unit 3. Therefore, lighting fixtures 17 create an updraft on the side of partition 2, allowing exhaled air that reaches partition 2 to rise along the side of partition 2. As mentioned above, a certain degree of effectiveness can be expected from lighting fixture 17 if it generates heat of about 10 W / m, which is less than that of a typical fluorescent lamp. LED black lights that are about 30 cm long and have an output of 10 W are also commercially available. Since lighting fixture 17 is placed in front of people's line of sight, it is desirable to provide a shield 19 to prevent direct viewing. In particular, for lighting fixture 17 that emits ultraviolet rays, it is desirable to provide a shield 19 that blocks ultraviolet rays. Lighting fixture 17 is sandwiched between shield 19 and partition 2. The height of shield 19 should be such that direct viewing of lighting fixture 17 is avoided, so a height of about 5 to 15 cm from the desk surface is sufficient.

[0039] The heating element 3 may be a Peltier element. In this case, the Peltier element is placed with the heat-generating side facing upward. The heating element 3 may be a display device. The heat generated by the backlight of the display device can be used as a heat source. [Explanation of symbols]

[0040] 1. Spatial shielding structure 2 Plate-shaped body (partition) 3 Heat generating part 5 Cover 10. Band 13 Side of the step 14. Insulation 17 Lighting equipment (heating element) B. The boundary between the first and second spaces D1 Desk 1 D2 Second Desk G Gap S1 First Space S2 Second Space

Claims

1. a heating unit that generates an updraft, the heating unit being provided along a boundary between a first space in which at least one person is to stay and a second space in which at least one other person is to stay adjacent to the at least one person at a side thereof; A spatial shielding structure in which the heat generating portion is linear or strip-shaped, and multiple stages of the heat generating portion are arranged in an aerial state with intervals in the vertical direction.

2. 2. The spatial shielding structure according to claim 1, wherein a first desk is provided in the first space and a second desk is provided in the second space adjacent to the first desk on its side, and the heat-generating portion is provided at a position 10 cm or more above the desk surfaces of at least the first desk and the second desk.

3. 3. The spatial shielding structure according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of stages of heat generating portions are suspended from above by a support structure.

4. a plate-like body having a heat generating portion that generates an ascending air current; the heat generating portion is provided along a boundary between a first space in which at least one person is to stay and a second space in which at least one other person is to stay opposite the at least one person; the heat generating portion is linear, strip-shaped, or planar, and is provided along the lower side of the plate-shaped body; A spatial shielding structure, wherein the plate-like body has a metal strip-like body, the strip-like body being connected to the heat-generating portion and extending upward from the heat-generating portion.

5. 5. The spatial shielding structure according to claim 4, wherein a first desk is provided in the first space, a second desk is provided in the second space opposite the first desk, and the plate-like body is a partition separating the first desk from the second desk.

6. a plate-like body having a heat generating portion that generates an ascending air current; the heat generating portion is provided along a boundary between a first space in which at least one person is to stay and a second space in which at least one other person is to stay adjacent to the at least one person laterally; the heat generating portion is linear, strip-shaped, or planar, and is provided along the lower side of the plate-shaped body; A spatial shielding structure, wherein the plate-like body has a metal strip-like body, the strip-like body being connected to the heat-generating portion and extending upward from the heat-generating portion.

7. 7. The spatial shielding structure according to claim 6, wherein a first desk is provided in the first space, a second desk is provided in the second space adjacent to the first desk on its side, and the plate-like body is a partition separating the first desk and the second desk.

8. 8. The spatial shielding structure according to claim 5, wherein a gap is provided between the partition and the first and second desks, allowing the first space and the second space to communicate with each other.

9. The spatial shielding structure according to claim 1 , wherein the heat generating portion has a band-shaped heat generating surface, and a perpendicular line drawn from the heat generating surface is oriented horizontally.

10. The spatial shielding structure according to claim 1 , wherein a space including the first space and the second space is subjected to displacement air conditioning.

11. The spatial shielding structure according to claim 1 , wherein the heat generating portion is a heater.

12. The spatial shielding structure according to claim 1 , wherein the heat generating portion is a lighting device that emits ultraviolet light.

13. The spatial shielding structure according to claim 1 , further comprising a breathable cover that covers the heat generating portion.

14. The spatial shielding structure according to claim 1 , wherein the emissivity of the surface of the heat generating portion is 0.1 or less.

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