The invention discloses a support structure of a foundation pit, which solves the problem of complex disassembly and assembly of an existing support structure of the foundation pit. The support structure of the foundation pit adopts the technical scheme that the support structure comprises a plurality of support assemblies, wherein the plurality of support assemblies are arranged along the side wall of the foundation pit, the support assemblies comprise bottom plates which are fixed to the bottom of the foundation pit, protective plates which are used for supporting the side wall of the foundation pit and support assemblies which are used for connecting the bottom plates and the protective plates, clamping grooves are formed in both sides of the protective plates in a height direction, connecting baffles of which the edges of both sides are respectively clamped into the clamping grooves are arranged between the adjacent protective plates, fixed counterbores are formed in one side, which is far from the side wall of the foundation pit, of the connecting baffles, support rods which are used for tightly pressing the connecting baffles on the side wall of the foundation pit and are inserted into the side wall of the foundation pit are installed in the fixed counterbores, and the support structure of the foundation pit is simple and convenient to install and remove in the foundationpit.