Method for packaging textile materials

Abstract

A method for packaging fibrous materials such as cellulose acetate tow bales. A method for wrapping fibrous material, such as a cellulose acetate tow bale, is disclosed, which includes placing the fibrous material between at least an upper sheet and a lower sheet, compressing the fibrous material, and enveloping substantially 100% of the surface area of ​​the fibrous material with a wrapping material including the upper and lower sheets, such that after residual forces on the wrapped bale reach equilibrium, at least 99% of the surface area of ​​the bale is enclosed by the wrapping material.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] Priority claims

[0001] This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62 / 395,482, filed September 16, 2016, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

[0002]

[0002] The present invention relates generally to a method for wrapping fibrous material with at least a top sheet and a bottom sheet to form a wrapped bale. In particular, the present invention relates to a method for wrapping cellulose acetate tow bales, in which greater than 99% of the surface area of ​​the bale is enclosed by the wrapping material after residual forces in the wrapped bale reach equilibrium. [Background technology]

[0003]

[0003] Methods and materials for packaging fibrous materials are known. For example, cellulose acetate tow is a fibrous material that is typically compressed into bales for packaging, storage, and shipping. Cellulose acetate tow is a continuous band or bundle of cellulose filaments that can be processed into cigarette filters. Generally, cellulose acetate tow can be packed at a density of, for example, about 100 kg / m 3 It has a low bulk density and is compressed to increase its bulk density for improved handling and transport efficiency. After being compressed into a bale, cellulose acetate tow exerts an expansion force that must be efficiently controlled to maintain a desired bulk density and size for storage and shipping. Packaging materials, such as polyester strapping, are typically used to limit the expansion force of the tow bale.

[0004]

[0004] Many packaging methods have been proposed in the prior art. U.S. Patent No. 8,161,716 discloses a method for packaging filter tow bales, which includes overcompressing the bale by adjusting the distance between the press bases to 50 to 250 mm, more preferably 80 to 200 mm, and even more preferably 90 to 180 mm, less than the desired height of the packaged bale, then adjusting the distance between the press bases to the desired height in a packaged or unpackaged state, and then releasing the pressure applied to the compressed bale.

[0005]

[0005] U.S. Patent No. 5,732,531 discloses a method for wrapping a bale of compressed elastic fibers, including the steps of providing a reusable bale wrapping kit including at least two pieces. Each piece is adapted to substantially encase and contain a bale of compressed elastic fibers when connected to the other pieces. A mushroom loop fastener is located along an edge portion of each piece, and the fastener is adapted to connect the pieces to each other. Uncompressed elastic fibers are provided. A portion of the uncompressed elastic fibers is enclosed in the kit. The fibers are compressed, and the mushroom loop fastener is engaged.

[0006]

[0006] U.S. Pat. No. 4,157,754 states that the resistance is at least 0.2 daN / cm 2 The '754 patent discloses wrapping compressed fibers, filaments, or cabled tows under internal pressure with an outer wrapping, the overlapping area of ​​the wrapping being held together by an adhesive, such as a neoprene-chloroprene rubber-based adhesive. In this way, straps, belts, or wires previously used to hold the wrapping together can be eliminated. As shown in Figure 1 of U.S. Pat. No. 4,157,754, the adhesive is a glue that is applied to the entire overlapping area.

[0007]

[0007] GB1512804 provides a method for preparing and packaging feed, which comprises partially wilting fresh grass, packing the compressed grass blocks into bags or bags made of impermeable plastic material, and The claimed method includes inserting a bag or wrapper into the bag or wrapper, hermetically sealing the bag or wrapper against the ingress of air, and providing a check valve before or after sealing to allow the contents to vent to the atmosphere.

[0008]

[0008] U.S. Patent No. 4,577,752 discloses an improved high-density tow bale which is wrapped in a cover such as cardboard and held in a compressed condition by a plurality of straps extending around the bale, the tow bale having a pattern of pads at the bottom for supporting the bale on the floor and having smooth areas between the pads to receive the straps along the length of the pads.

[0009] However, these existing packaging methods can be complicated, expensive, and dangerous. For example, metal straps under high pressure can break during storage or spring back during unpacking. Vacuum and heat sealing require additional equipment, and the seals must be strong enough to maintain a vacuum or airtight condition during storage. In addition, these existing methods do not adequately protect fibrous materials that expand over time after compression. Therefore, there is a need for an improved method for packaging fibrous materials, particularly cellulose acetate tow bales, that adequately protects fibrous materials that expand over time after compression. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0010] [Patent Document 1] U.S. Patent No. 8,161,716 [Patent Document 2] U.S. Patent No. 5,732,531 [Patent Document 3] U.S. Patent No. 4,157,754 [Patent Document 4] GB1512804 [Patent Document 5] U.S. Patent No. 4,577,752 [Patent Document 6] U.S. Patent No. 7,610,852 [Patent Document 7] U.S. Patent No. 7,585,442 [Patent Document 8] U.S. Patent No. 7,585,441 [Patent Document 9] U.S. Patent No. 8,308,624 [Patent Document 10] U.S. Patent No. 6,924,029 [Patent Document 11] U.S. Patent No. 7,487,720 [Patent Document 12] U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2014 / 0004765 [Patent Document 13] EP2631278A1 [Patent Document 14] WO2013 / 037648A2 [Patent Document 15] WO2012 / 150099A1 [Patent Document 16] U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2013 / 0233485 [Patent Document 17] DE28 45 541 A [Patent Document 18] EP1336683B1 [Non-patent literature]

[0011] [Non-Patent Document 1] ASTM D3759 [Non-patent document 2] PSTC-131 [Non-patent document 3] ASTM 6463-99, Procedure A [Non-patent document 4] DIN53765:1994-03, section 2.2.1 Summary of the Invention

[0012] In one aspect, the present invention is a method for packaging fibrous material, comprising: a) placing the fibrous material between an upper sheet and a lower sheet; b) compressing the fibrous material in a press to form a bale; c) applying a pressure to the surface of the bale with a packaging material comprising the upper and lower sheets. and d) securing a wrapping material around the bale to form a wrapped bale, wherein at least 99%, at least 99.5%, or at least 99.9% of the surface area of ​​the bale is enclosed by the wrapping material after the wrapped fibrous material has been stored for at least 48 hours. In some aspects, at least one of the top sheet and the bottom sheet has a slit at each corner. The slit may be a Y-shaped slit, a V-shaped slit, or a U-shaped slit. In other aspects, at least one of the top sheet and the bottom sheet is scored at each corner. The wrapping material may further include at least one side sheet. In some aspects, the at least one side sheet may include two side sheets. Step (a) or (b) may further include wrapping the fibrous material of step (a) in an unsealed liner, wherein at least 99% of the surface area of ​​the unsealed liner is enclosed by the wrapping material after the wrapped fibrous material has been stored for at least 48 hours. In some aspects, the top sheet has a surface area greater than the top surface of the fibrous material, and step (b) further includes folding a portion of the top sheet over at least one side surface of the bale. In some aspects, the bottom sheet has a surface area greater than the bottom surface of the fibrous material, and step (b) further includes folding a portion of the bottom sheet over at least one side surface of the fibrous material. The wrapping material may be a cardboard material. Step (d) may include applying straps around the periphery of the wrapping material. The straps may be plastic straps. In some aspects, step (d) includes applying straps horizontally around the sides of the wrapping material. In further aspects, step (d) includes applying straps vertically around the periphery of the wrapping material. In still further aspects, step (d) includes applying straps horizontally and vertically around the periphery of the packaging material. In some aspects, the packaged material is not sealed under vacuum.The baling compression pressure applied to the upper and lower surfaces in step (b) can be 100 to 500 psi (689.5 to 3447.4 kPa), e.g., 200 to 400 psi (1379.0 to 2757.9 kPa), or 300 to 400 psi (2068.4 to 2757.9 kPa). The fibrous material in step (d) can have a total vertical expansion pressure of 1 to 10 psi (6.9 to 68.9 kPa). In addition, lateral bale expansion can occur. For example, the bale can expand less than 1 inch (2.54 cm) on all sides, e.g., less than 1 / 2 inch (1.27 cm) on all sides. The wrapping material in step (d) can be secured by at least one strap positioned vertically around the fibrous material, and the number of straps used can be sufficient to withstand the vertical expansion force applied to the strap. In some embodiments, after residual force equilibration, the ratio of the percentage of visible surface area of ​​the compressed cellulose acetate tow to the percentage of vertical expansion of the bale is 1:1 or less.

[0013]

[0011] In another aspect, the present invention is directed to a method for packaging compressed cellulose acetate tow, comprising: a) providing the compressed cellulose acetate tow between an upper sheet and a lower sheet; b) enclosing substantially 100% of the surface area of ​​the compressed cellulose acetate tow in a wrapping material; and c) securing the wrapping material to form a packaged bale, wherein 99% or more of the surface area of ​​the bale is enclosed by the wrapping material after the packaged bale has been stored for at least 48 hours. In one particular aspect, after equilibration of residual forces in the packaged bale, the ratio of the percentage of visible surface area of ​​the compressed cellulose acetate tow to the percentage of vertical expansion of the bale is 1:1 or less. In another aspect, at least one of the upper and lower sheets has a slit or cut portion at each corner. The slit may be a Y-shaped slit, a V-shaped slit, or a U-shaped slit. In other aspects, at least one of the upper and lower sheets is scored at each corner. In other aspects, at least one of the upper and lower sheets is scored along the edge of the perimeter (flap). The wrapped bale may have at least one side sheet. The at least one side sheet may include two side sheets. Either of the first two steps may further include wrapping the cellulose acetate tow in an unsealed liner, wherein 99% or more of the surface area of ​​the unsealed liner is enclosed by the wrapping material after the wrapped cellulose acetate has been stored for at least 48 hours. In some aspects, the upper sheet has a surface area greater than the upper surface of the cellulose acetate tow, and step (b) further includes folding a portion of the upper sheet over at least one side surface of the bale. In some aspects, the lower sheet has a surface area greater than the lower surface of the fibrous material, and step (b) further includes folding a portion of the lower sheet over at least one side surface of the fibrous material. The wrapping material may be a cardboard material. Step c) may comprise applying a strap around the wrapping material. The strap may be a plastic strap.In some aspects, step c) includes applying straps horizontally around the sides of the wrapper. In a further aspect, step c) includes applying straps vertically around the wrapper. In yet a further aspect, step c) includes applying straps horizontally and vertically around the wrapper. In some aspects, the wrapped material is not sealed under vacuum. The cellulose acetate tow can have a total vertical expansion pressure of 6.9 to 68.9 kPa (1 to 10 psi). In addition, lateral bale expansion can occur. For example, the bale can expand less than 2.54 cm (1 inch) on all sides, e.g., less than 1.27 cm (½ inch) on all sides. The wrapper in step c) can be secured by at least one strap disposed vertically around the fibrous material, and the number of straps used can be sufficient to withstand the total vertical expansion force. In some embodiments, after the residual forces reach equilibrium, the ratio of the visible surface area of ​​the compressed cellulose acetate tow to the percentage of vertical expansion of the bale is 1:1 or less.

[0014] In yet another aspect, the present invention is directed to a method for packaging cellulose acetate tow, comprising: a) placing the cellulose acetate tow between an upper sheet and a lower sheet; b) compressing the cellulose acetate tow including the upper and lower sheets in a press to form compressed cellulose acetate tow; c) introducing the compressed cellulose acetate tow into a packaging station; d) enclosing substantially 100% of the surface area of ​​the compressed cellulose acetate tow with packaging material; and e) securing the packaging material to form a packaged bale, wherein 99% or more of the surface area of ​​the bale is enclosed by the packaging material after the packaged bale has been stored for at least 48 hours. In this aspect of the invention, after equilibration of residual forces in the packaged bale, the ratio of the percentage of visible surface area of ​​the compressed cellulose acetate tow to the percentage of vertical expansion of the bale is 1:1 or less. In other aspects, at least one of the top sheet and the bottom sheet has a slit or cut portion at each corner. The slit may be a Y-shaped slit, a V-shaped slit, or a U-shaped slit. In other aspects, at least one of the top sheet and the bottom sheet is scored at each corner. In other aspects, at least one of the top sheet and the bottom sheet is scored along the edge of the perimeter (flap). The wrapped bale may include at least one side sheet. The at least one side sheet may include two side sheets. Either step may further include wrapping the cellulose acetate in an unsealed liner, wherein 99% or more of the surface area of ​​the unsealed liner is enclosed by the wrapping material after the packaged cellulose acetate has been stored for at least 48 hours. In some aspects, the top sheet has a surface area greater than the top surface of the cellulose acetate tow, and step (b) further includes folding a portion of the top sheet over at least one side surface of the bale.In some aspects, the bottom sheet has a surface area greater than the bottom surface of the fibrous material, and step (b) further includes folding a portion of the bottom sheet over at least one side surface of the fibrous material. The wrapping material may be a cardboard material. Step (d) may include applying straps around the wrapping material. The straps may be plastic straps. In some aspects, step (e) includes applying straps horizontally around the sides of the wrapping material. In a further aspect, step (e) includes applying straps vertically around the wrapping material. In yet a further aspect, step (e) includes applying straps horizontally and vertically around the wrapping material. In some aspects, the wrapped material is not sealed under vacuum. The cellulose acetate tow can have a total vertical expansion pressure of 6.9 to 68.9 kPa (1 to 10 psi). In addition, lateral bale expansion can occur. For example, the bale may expand less than 1 inch on all sides, e.g., less than ½ inch on all sides. The wrapping material in step (e) can be secured by at least one strap disposed vertically around the fibrous material, and the number of straps used can be sufficient to withstand the entire vertical expansion force. In some embodiments, after equilibration of the residual forces, the ratio of the percentage of visible surface area of ​​the compressed cellulose acetate tow to the percentage of vertical expansion of the bale is 1:1 or less.

[0015]

[0013] The present invention will be more fully understood with reference to the accompanying non-limiting drawings, in which: [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0016] [Figure 1]

[0014] FIG. 1 is a diagram of a packaged tow bale prepared in accordance with an embodiment of the prior art. [Figure 2] FIG. 1 is a diagram of a packaged tow bale prepared in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 3]FIG. 1 is a diagram of a partially wrapped tow bale prepared in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 4]

[0017] FIG. 1 is a diagram of a partially wrapped tow bale prepared in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0017]

[0018] Introduction

[0019] The present invention relates to a method for packaging fibrous materials, particularly compressed fibrous materials. Compression generates internal forces in the fibrous material, causing the compressed fibrous material to exert a force against a packaging material applied thereto. These forces result in lateral expansion as well as vertical expansion of the fibrous material. As a result, the packaging material may be damaged, exposing the fibrous material to the environment. Exposure of such fibrous materials to the environment, particularly to moisture, may further damage the fibrous material. In the case of cellulose acetate tow bales, cardboard is a relatively inexpensive packaging method, but it is inelastic and prone to damage, especially at the folds, especially at the corners. As shown in Figure 1, straps (5) can be used to help contain the bale (1), but damage to the cardboard packaging material may occur at the corners of the packaging. Figure 1 also shows a top packaging sheet (2) and a side packaging sheet (4). Figure 1 illustrates that even when the fibrous material is wrapped, it may be exposed in certain areas (1 in Figure 1). Breakage of cardboard packaging during storage and shipping, as well as during debaling to produce downstream products, especially at the corners of the packaging, can have detrimental effects. For example, the fibrous material can be exposed to moisture and debris because it is no longer covered by the cardboard packaging. This can damage the fibrous material and can result in blistering, tangling, or tearing of the material. In addition, the fibrous material can become stained or odorous as a result of exposure to the environment. To solve this problem, it has surprisingly and unexpectedly been discovered that breakage of the packaging, especially at the corners, can be avoided by designing the corners of the top and bottom sheets in a specific manner. As shown in Figure 2, the packaging is unbroken, and the entire fibrous material is still encased within the packaging. In one embodiment, this method includes placing the fibrous material between a top sheet (2) and a bottom sheet (not visible in Figure 2) and then compressing the fibrous material in a press to form a bale. The method further includes encasing substantially 100% of the surface area of ​​the bale with a packaging material comprising a top sheet and a bottom sheet.In some aspects, at least one side sheet is also used. As used herein, "substantially enveloping 100% of the surface area" refers to enveloping at least 99% of the surface area of ​​the bale with the wrapping material, e.g., at least 99.5%, at least 99.9%, or 100%. The wrapping material is then secured around the fibrous material to form a wrapped bale. According to this method, 99% or more of the surface area of ​​the bale is enclosed by the wrapping material after the wrapped bale has been stored for at least 48 hours. This 48-hour period was selected because at 48 hours, the internal forces in the bale have substantially reached equilibrium, and the bale is in a "steady state." As used herein, "substantially reaching equilibrium" refers to at least 80%, e.g., at least 90%, or at least 95% of the internal forces in the bale have reached equilibrium. Therefore, it is expected that the bale will not further expand within the wrapping material after 48 hours. The surface area of ​​the upper and lower sheets may be greater than the surface area of ​​the upper and lower bale surfaces, allowing the upper and lower sheets to be folded over the sides of the bale. The corners of the upper and lower sheets may be slit or scored to allow for improved folding and durability. Additionally, the longitudinal (perimeter flap edge) sides of the upper and lower sheets may be scored.

[0018]

[0020] In another embodiment, the method includes packaging the compressed cellulose acetate tow by providing a packaging material including a top sheet, a bottom sheet, and at least one side sheet. The method further includes enclosing 100% of the compressed cellulose acetate tow in the packaging material to form a packaged cellulose acetate tow bale. The packaging material is then secured, and the compressive force on the packaged cellulose acetate tow bale is then released so that the residual force within the tow bale drops to a level that can be contained by the packaging material. After the residual force within the tow bale reaches equilibrium, the ratio of the percentage of visible surface area of ​​the compressed cellulose acetate tow to the percentage of vertical expansion of the bale is 1:1 or less. The percentage of expansion of the tow bale can be measured by measuring the surface area of ​​the packaged bale immediately (within one hour) and 48 hours (or within one hour) after packaging.

[0019]

[0021] Fiber materials and compression of fiber materials

[0022] As described herein, the present invention is applicable to methods for packaging fibrous materials. The fibrous material can be any material containing fibers that is packaged for use, storage, and / or shipment. In some embodiments, the fibrous material can be selected from the group consisting of polyester, polypropylene, polyethylene, olefin, and other polymeric materials. In some embodiments, the fibrous material can be grass or hay, such as timothy hay, alfalfa hay, orchard grass hay, bermudagrass hay, oat hay, clover hay, pasture hay, fescue hay, and tall fescue hay. In still further embodiments, the fibrous material can be selected from the group consisting of cotton, fiberglass insulation, beet pulp, and wood shavings. In a preferred embodiment, the fibrous material comprises, consists essentially of, or consists of cellulose acetate, preferably cellulose acetate tow, as shown, and is typically compressed to form a bale prior to packaging. Methods for preparing and baling cellulose acetate tow are disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 7,610,852, 7,585,442, 7,585,441, 8,308,624, 6,924,029, and 7,487,720, which are incorporated herein by reference in their entireties.

[0020]

[0023] The fibrous material may be compressed or otherwise compacted prior to packaging. Typically, compression occurs in a bale press, with at least a top sheet and a bottom sheet over the press. Compression during packaging may reduce the volume of the fibrous material by at least 10%, preferably at least 25%, or more preferably at least 40%. In terms of ranges, the volume of the fibrous material may be reduced by compression by 10-80%, preferably 25-75% or 40-70%. The flammability of the fibrous material may be taken into consideration when determining the amount of compression, particularly for fibrous materials with low ignition temperatures, such as hay. In some aspects, the fibrous material, such as cellulose acetate tow, may be compressed by at least 40%, preferably at least 60%, or more preferably at least 70%.

[0021]

[0024] After compression and before securing the wrapping material, the platens may be retracted or opened slightly. This retraction step may result in a volume increase of less than 20%, e.g., less than 15% or less than 10%, and possibly 0.5-15%. After opening the platens to release the wrapped bale, the resulting wrapped fibrous material may further expand, resulting in a limited degree of stretching in the top and bottom sheets and / or straps, and possibly a volume increase of less than 20%, e.g., less than 15% or less than 10%, and possibly 1-15%, e.g., 1-10%, calculated based on the difference between the volume or height at which wrapping is completed and the volume or height at which expansion is substantially complete.

[0022]

[0025] As described in U.S. Patent No. 7,610,852, which is incorporated herein by reference, the fibrous material can be placed in a can and then placed within the press walls of a press. The fibrous material is then pressed between overlaid platens. The platens may be overlaid with at least a portion of the packaging material, such as a top sheet and a bottom sheet. Additionally, at least one of the platens may be overlaid with a liner, as described further herein. If a liner is included, the liner is placed over the top and / or bottom platens overlying the top and / or bottom sheets so that the liner is in intimate contact with the fibrous material and the top and / or bottom sheets are in intimate contact with the liner. The platens may be flat or shaped, depending on the degree of compression and the desired final shape of the bale. It should be understood that using shaped platens may initially result in a concave top and / or bottom surface of the bale. Over time, as the internal forces on the bale reach equilibrium, the bale becomes substantially flat, e.g., does not have a distinct convex appearance at the top or bottom. Substantially flat bales may be desirable, particularly compared to bales that have a distinct convex appearance at the top or bottom bale, because they can be stored and shipped in a horizontal position (not on their side) and because the de-baling process is easier, e.g., the flatness of the bale results in less entanglement of the tow fibers compared to convex bales. This de-baling problem is particularly prevalent in bales with a load of at least 300 kg / m 3 This is true for cellulose acetate tow which may have a bulk density of 0.1 to 1.0 MPa.

[0023]

[0026] Top seat, bottom seat, and side seat

[0027] The top sheet, bottom sheet, and, if used, at least one side sheet, may be made of the same or different materials. The sheets may be flexible or rigid and may be made from fabrics, films, or foils, such as monolayer or multilayer extruded films. The films or foils may comprise one or more of paper, polymer, or metal. In one aspect, the top and bottom sheets comprise cardboard. In another aspect, one or both sheets comprise a polymer film or foil. The polymer film or foil may be made from an ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer. The polyethylene film may include polyvinylidene chloride, polyethylene homopolymer, polypropylene homopolymer, ethylene / α-olefin copolymer, polyvinyl chloride, polyamide, polyester, and polystyrene. The polyethylene film may be a long chain low density polyethylene film.

[0024]

[0028] In some aspects, the sheets can be formed from woven or woven and coated polyester, polypropylene, polyethylene, scrims and other fiber reinforced films.

[0025]

[0029] The sheets may further include modifiers, pigments, processing aids, antistatic agents, and other additives to modify the properties of the layer. For example, the film may be liquid impermeable, vapor impermeable, or both. Each sheet may be one continuous sheet without seams or perforations. In some embodiments, the sheets may include fiber or string reinforced polymer films.

[0026]

[0030] The sheeting may be transparent, translucent, opaque, or may be a variety of colors. In one aspect, the film is black. In another aspect, the sheeting is transparent.

[0027]

[0031] The sheet can have a thickness of 100 to 800 μm, preferably 200 to 600 μm, or more preferably 300 to 400 μm. The sheet can have a tensile strength of 10 to 175 N / cm width in both the machine direction and the cross-machine direction, preferably a minimum of 17 to 131 N / cm width, and more preferably a minimum of 43 to 87 N / cm width. In some aspects, the sheet can have a tensile strength of approximately 87 N / cm width. To maintain the desired height and volume in the final tow bale package, the sheet should not be excessively stretched, and the sheet stretch can be in the range of 1 to 20%, preferably 1 to 10%, within the load operating ranges described above.

[0028]

[0032] In another embodiment, the sheet can have a thickness of 1 to 20 mm, preferably 2 to 10 mm, or more preferably 2 to 5 mm, including fiberboard, solid fiberboard, cardboard, corrugated board, and corrugated board with flutes therebetween.

[0029]

[0033] Fixing packaging materials

[0034] The top sheet, bottom sheet, and at least one side sheet, if used, i.e., the wrapping material, may be secured around the bale using tape, straps, adhesive (e.g., glue), or a combination thereof. In some aspects, no adhesive is used and the wrapping material is secured only by straps.

[0030]

[0035] In some aspects, the packaging material is secured with a tape (optionally wound into a tape roll) comprising a substantially planar substrate having an adhesive surface. The tape may be any tape strong enough to withstand the expansion forces of the fibrous material without tearing and without excessive stretching, causing excessive expansion after packaging as described above. When the fibrous material is cellulose acetate tow bale, the force applied to the tape may be in the range of 10 to 175 N / cm, e.g., 17 to 131 N / cm, 43 to 87 N / cm, or 87 N / cm or less.

[0031]

[0036] The tape can be selected to meet certain tensile strength requirements, such as tensile load requirements and / or constant shear load requirements. The tensile load requirements can be in the cross-machine direction or in the main load direction. The strength is measured in Newtons (N) per centimeter (cm) of width and may be measured according to ASTM D3759 or PSTC-131, which are incorporated herein by reference in their entireties. The tape may be capable of withstanding a tensile load of 10 to 175 N / cm, preferably 17 to 131 N / cm, and more preferably 43 to 87 N / cm. In another aspect, the tape may be capable of withstanding a tensile load of at least 87 N / cm. Suitable tapes are described, for example, in U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2014 / 0004765, EP2631278A1, WO2013 / 037648A2, and WO2012 / 150099A1, which are incorporated herein by reference in their entireties.

[0032]

[0037] The constant shear load is measured in kilograms per square centimeter and may be measured using Procedure A of ASTM 6463-99, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. The test is performed at the desired weight, and if the tape does not fail after 3000 minutes, the tape is capable of withstanding the constant shear load. Failure is defined as the tape slipping or peeling off before 3000 minutes has elapsed. The tape should be tested to a load of 0.5 to 10 N / cm 2 A constant shear load of 0.6 to 7 N / cm 2 , more preferably 2 to 6 N / cm2 , most preferably 4 to 6 N / cm 2 In another aspect, the tape may be capable of withstanding a constant shear load of at least 4 N / cm 2 The material may be capable of withstanding a constant shear load of 100 MPa.

[0033]

[0038] When selecting a tape for the method of the present invention, other tape properties may also be considered, including tear strength, bond strength, viscosity, glass transition temperature, elongation at break, peel strength, and softening point. The tape may have sufficient peel strength, which is the tape's ability to resist forces that tear it apart, to facilitate handling. Peel strength may be high enough for handling and tape application, but lower than the force required to tear or cut the tape. Peel strength can be controlled by adjusting the adhesive strength of the tape. In some aspects, the tape may have a peel strength of at least 2.7 N / cm, preferably at least 4.3 N / cm, as disclosed in U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2013 / 0233485, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. The peel strength of the tape may depend on the width of the tape and the type of carrier used. The tape may also have sufficient elongation to facilitate handling. In some embodiments, the tape may have an elongation of 1% to 25%, preferably 1% to 15%, and more preferably 5% to 15%.

[0034]

[0039] The tape may include a substrate or carrier such as paper, laminate, film, foam, or foamed film. The film may be composed of polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polypropylene, polyester, polyamide (including nylon-6, nylon-6,6, nylon-6,9, nylon-6,10, nylon-6,12, nylon-11, and nylon-12), polyurethane, mixtures thereof, and copolymers thereof. The film may be uniaxially or biaxially oriented. The carrier may also include textile carriers such as knits, scrims, tapes, braids, taffeta fabrics, felts, woven materials (including plain weaves, twill weaves, and satin weaves), reinforcing fabrics, warp knits, and nonwoven webs (including consolidated staple fiber webs, filament webs, meltblown webs, and spunbond webs).

[0035]

[0040] The adhesive can be a pressure-sensitive adhesive, for example a viscoelastic composition that remains permanently tacky and adhesive in a dry state at room temperature. Bonding is achieved by applying gentle pressure to virtually any substrate for a short time. The pressure-sensitive adhesives used include those based on polymer blocks, including block copolymers. These blocks are preferably formed from vinyl aromatics (A blocks), such as styrene, and those obtained through the polymerization of 1,3-dienes (B blocks), such as butadiene and isoprene, or copolymers of the two. Mixtures of different block copolymers are also suitable. Block copolymers can also be used. Preference is given to using partially or fully hydrogenated products. The block copolymers may have a linear ABA structure. Likewise, block copolymers with radial architectures can be used, as can star-shaped multiblock copolymers and linear multiblock copolymers. Instead of polystyrene blocks, it is also possible to use polymer blocks based on other aromatic-containing homopolymers or copolymers (preferably C8-C12 aromatics), for example having a glass transition temperature above about 75°C, such as α-methylstyrene-containing aromatic blocks.

[0036]

[0041] Polymer blocks based on (meth)acrylate homopolymers and (meth)acrylate copolymers and having a glass transition temperature above 75°C are also usable. In this context, it is not only possible to use block copolymers that exclusively utilize hard blocks based on (meth)acrylate polymers, but also those that utilize not only poly(meth)acrylate blocks but also polyaromatic blocks, such as polystyrene blocks. The numerical values ​​of the glass transition temperatures in non-inorganic and predominantly non-inorganic materials (more particularly organic and polymeric materials) relate to the numerical values ​​of the glass transition temperatures Tg set forth in DIN 53765:1994-03 (see section 2.2.1), which is incorporated herein by reference, unless otherwise indicated in specific cases. Instead of styrene-butadiene block copolymers and styrene-isoprene block copolymers and / or their hydrogenated products (including styrene-ethylene / butylene block copolymers and styrene-ethylene / propylene block copolymers), it is also possible to use block copolymers and their hydrogenated products, which further utilize polydiene-containing elastomeric blocks, such as copolymers of two or more different 1,3-dienes, in accordance with the present invention. Functionalized block copolymers, such as maleic anhydride-modified styrene block copolymers or silane-modified styrene block copolymers, can also be used. Typical use concentrations for block copolymers are in the range of 30 wt.% to 70 wt.%, more particularly in the range of 35 wt.% to 55 wt.%.

[0037]

[0042] Additional polymers that may be included in the tape include pure hydrocarbon-based polymers, unsaturated polydienes such as natural or synthetically produced polyisoprene or polybutadiene, elastomers with substantial chemical saturation such as saturated ethylene-propylene copolymers, α-olefin copolymers, polyisobutylene, butyl rubber, ethylene-propylene rubber, and chemically functionalized hydrocarbons such as halogen-containing polyolefins, acrylate-containing polyolefins, or vinyl ether-containing polyolefins, which may replace up to half of the vinyl aromatic-containing block copolymer.

[0038]

[0043] The tape may further comprise a tackifier or tackifying resin. Suitable tackifying resins include partially or fully hydrogenated resins based on rosin or rosin derivatives. Hydrogenated hydrocarbon resins, such as those obtained by partially or fully hydrogenating aromatic-containing hydrocarbon resins (e.g., Arakawa's Arkon P and Arkon M series or Eastman's Regalite series), hydrocarbon resins based on hydrogenated dicyclopentadiene polymers (e.g., Exxon's Escorez 5300 series), hydrocarbon resins based on hydrogenated C5 / C9 resins (Exxon's Escorez 5600 series), or hydrocarbon resins based on hydrogenated C5 resins (Eastman's Eastotac), and mixtures thereof, can also be used at least in part. Hydrogenated polyterpene resins based on polyterpenes can also be used. Tackifying resins can be used both alone and in mixtures.

[0039]

[0044] The tapes may also contain further additives, including light stabilizers such as UV absorbers, sterically hindered amines, antiozonants, metal deactivators, processing aids, and endblock reinforcing resins. Plasticizers may include liquid resins, plasticizer oils, or low molecular weight liquid polymers (including low molecular weight polyisobutylene or liquid EPDM grades having a molecular weight of less than 1500 g / mol (number average)).

[0040]

[0045] The tape may have a liner material that lines one or two layers of adhesive until use. Suitable liner materials include all of the materials comprehensively listed above. However, preference is given to using a non-linting material such as a polymer film or a well-sized long fiber paper.

[0041]

[0046] A release agent may be applied to the top surface of the carrier or film. Suitable release agents include surfactant-based release systems based on long-chain alkyl groups, such as stearyl sulfosuccinate or stearyl sulfosuccinamate, but also polymers, which may be selected from the group consisting of polyvinylstearylcarbamate, polyethyleneiminestearylcarbamide, chromium complexes of C14-C28 fatty acids, and stearyl copolymers, as described, for example, in DE 28 45 541 A, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Similarly, release agents based on acrylic polymers with perfluorinated alkyl groups, such as silicone or fluorosilicone compounds, such as those based on poly(dimethylsiloxane), are also suitable. The release coating may include a silicone-based polymer. Particularly preferred examples of such silicone-based polymers having a release effect include polyurethane-modified silicones and / or polyurea-modified silicones, preferably organopolysiloxane / polyurea / polyurethane block copolymers, more preferably those described in Example 19 of EP1336683B1, the entirety of which is incorporated herein by reference, including anionically stabilized polyurethane-modified silicones and urea-modified silicones having a silicone weight fraction of 70% and an acid value of 30 mg KOH / g. In one embodiment, the release layer comprises 10 to 20 wt.%, more preferably 13 to 18 wt.%, of the release effect component.

[0042]

[0047] Before packaging, the tape may be provided in the form of a roll, i.e. in the form of a self-wound Archimedes spiral, and may be provided lined on the adhesive side with a release material such as siliconized paper or siliconized film. A backside varnish may be applied to the backside of the adhesive tape in order to beneficially influence the unwinding properties of the rolled adhesive tape.

[0043]

[0048] The tape may contain reinforcement consisting of a bidirectional laid / woven fabric made from low extensibility PET yarns or strings. Warp knitting with weft yarns is particularly preferred, as in the case of laid fabrics, the absence of a warp corrugation means that no additional extensibility is introduced into the material. In other embodiments, the tape does not have reinforcing strings or fibers.

[0044]

[0049] The number of tape pieces, tape arrangement, and tape width can be selected depending on the tensile strength, shear strength, and load requirements of the tape in the final application. As described above, for cellulose acetate tow applications and tapes in the preferred strength ranges described above, the tape width is selected. The tape thickness can also be selected depending on the application and the desired tensile strength and shear strength of the tape. The tape thickness can vary, but is preferably in the range of 50 to 400 μm, for example, 75 to 200 μm or 100 to 150 μm. It is desirable to reduce the amount of tape used while still adequately securing the packaging material. It's nice.

[0045]

[0050] In some aspects, the packaging material is secured by straps. The straps can be secured by known means, including crimping or clipping for metal straps and friction welding for plastic straps. While metal straps may be used, plastic straps are preferred because they are less expensive and less hazardous. As with tape, the number of straps, strap placement, and strap width can be selected depending on the tensile strength of the straps, the size and dimensions of the bale, and the load requirements of the final bale. In some aspects, the number of vertically applied straps is selected to be sufficient to withstand the full vertical expansion force of the fibrous material. In other aspects, the number and placement of straps is to prevent unacceptable bale bulging or distortion. In some aspects, two straps are secured vertically around the bale periphery. In further aspects, three straps are secured vertically around the bale periphery. In yet further aspects, four straps are secured vertically around the bale periphery. In still further aspects, five or more straps are secured vertically around the bale periphery. Due to the method of compressing the fibrous material, straps that may be secured horizontally around the bale do not need to meet the same tensile strength requirements as vertically secured straps. In some aspects, the horizontal straps are temporary straps that hold the packaging material in place for a limited time. In some aspects, two straps are secured horizontally around the bale. In other aspects, three straps are secured horizontally around the bale. In further aspects, four or more straps are secured horizontally around the bale.

[0046]

[0051] Additionally, depending on the design of the top sheet, bottom sheet, and the number of side sheets, the vertical and horizontal straps may be placed in various positions. In some aspects, the vertical and horizontal straps are evenly spaced along the bale. In other aspects, such as when using a flat platen to compress the fibrous material, the vertical straps may be concentrated toward the center of the bale rather than evenly spaced, while the horizontal straps may still be evenly spaced.

[0047]

[0052] Packaging method

[0053] As described herein, the method of the present invention relates to packaging fibrous materials, for example, packaging cellulose acetate tow. The packaging may not occur under vacuum, i.e., no vacuum sealing process is used, and the package is not intentionally airtight. The fibrous material may be compressed before packaging. The uncompressed fibrous material may be provided in any shape, such as a cube, rectangular prism, cylinder, etc., preferably a rectangular prism. In a further aspect, to prevent odor or water ingress or other types of contamination, the uncompressed fibrous material may be provided in a liner, for example, a liner between the fibrous material and a sheet. If used, the liner is preferably simply for protection, rather than used to accommodate any degree of compression of the fibrous material. The liner may be any conventional liner known in the art. The liner may be one piece, such as a bag, that is placed over a top or bottom platen and then pulled over the compressed fibrous material to form a tight seal with the compressed fibrous material. In a further aspect, the liner may be two pieces, one piece that fits over the top platen and one piece that fits over the bottom platen. Optionally, the liner may be secured with adhesive or tape. The same adhesive or tape described herein may be used to secure the liner. In a further aspect, the liner is not secured, but is held in place by the packaging material. The liner is not heat-sealed or vacuum-sealed, and therefore is not airtight.

[0048]

[0054] Prior to packaging, the fibrous material may be stored in a large can that serves to contain the fibrous material under atmospheric pressure. The can may be opened to dispense the shaped fibrous material. The fibrous material may be compressed via known methods to form a compressed fibrous material in the shape of a cube or rectangular prism. The fibrous material is placed between a lower sheet and an upper sheet before or after compression. The lower sheet rests on a lower platen, and the upper sheet may or may not be removably attached to the upper platen. Each sheet may be placed on its respective platen and held in place by gravity, and / or may be attached to its respective platen by known means, including magnets, tape, rope, bungee cord, or other fastening means. In some aspects, the surface area of ​​the lower sheet and / or the upper sheet is greater than the bottom surface area and / or top surface area of ​​the fibrous material, respectively.

[0049]

[0055] Once the uncompressed fibrous material is placed between the bottom and top sheets (and optionally a liner), the press can be activated to encase the fibrous material and either raise the bottom platen or lower the top platen to compress the fibrous material. Alternatively, both the top and bottom platens can be moved to compress the fibers. A target force is applied to compress the fibrous material for a predetermined dwell time. After compression, a certain percentage of retraction and relaxation is allowed, as described above. The compressed fibrous material contains a residual force maintained in the compressed fibrous material after the platens are retracted, but before the platens are fully opened to release the bale. In an embodiment where the compressed fibrous material is a cellulose acetate tow bale, the residual pressure can be, for example, about 35 N / cm. 2 It can be as follows:

[0050]

[0056] When the bale is pressed, the top and bottom sheets can wrap around the bale, enclosing substantially 100% of the surface area of ​​the bale (or liner, if applicable). In some embodiments, at least one side sheet is also used as part of the packaging material. In some aspects, one side sheet is used, wrapping horizontally around the bale. In further aspects, two side sheets are used, wrapping horizontally around the bale. In still further aspects, two side sheets are used, each wrapping vertically around the bale to enclose 100% of the bale's surface area. The side sheets may overlap each other or themselves. This overlap can occur on the top sheet, the bottom sheet, or along the sides of the bale, or any combination thereof.

[0051]

[0057] In situations where the surface area of ​​the lower sheet is greater than that of the bottom surface, or where the surface area of ​​the upper sheet is greater than that of the top surface, the lower sheet and / or upper sheet are folded to overlap at least one side surface of the bale. To facilitate both the application of the platen and the folding of the sheets, the upper sheet and / or lower sheet may have scored corners, cut corners, or corners with slits cut into them for material to be removed. An example of a cut corner is shown in FIG. 3. As shown in FIG. 3, the crease (dashed line) does not completely cut the sheet but allows flexibility in the sheet to fold without bending, while the cut corner (6) (solid line) allows additional flexibility in the material without removing material while maintaining integrity. Similarly, slitting each corner to remove material provides some flexibility to the sheet without compromising strength. The slits can be Y-, V-, or U-shaped, although other shapes are also possible. Additionally, the top sheet may have a different slit shape than the bottom sheet. As shown in FIG. 4, each corner of the top sheet (2) and bottom sheet (3) has a V-shaped slit (8). The corners may initially meet when folded, but again, may have some elasticity to allow expansion without tearing or otherwise being damaged. Additionally, as shown in FIG. 4, the longitudinal (perimeter flaps) edges of the sheets may be scored. The scoring consists of multiple parallel crease lines that allow the sheets to be folded around the platen and then refolded around the bale after compression and lateral expansion.

[0052]

[0058] In some aspects, the top sheet and / or bottom sheet may be folded before wrapping at least one side sheet around the bale. In other aspects, at least one side sheet may be wrapped around the bale, and then the top sheet and / or bottom sheet may be folded around the side sheets.

[0053]

[0059] In some aspects, at least one side sheet may also have slits or folds as described herein to allow wrapping around the veil, while in other aspects, at least one side sheet does not have any slits or folds.

[0054]

[0060] Once the top sheet, bottom sheet, and at least one side sheet are in place, they are secured as described herein to form a wrapped bale. The wrapping material (e.g., the top sheet, bottom sheet, and at least one side sheet) encases 100% of the surface area of ​​the compressed fibrous material (bale), or 100% of the surface area of ​​the liner if the compressed fibrous material is encased within a liner. Typically, the wrapping process occurs within 1 hour of pressing, e.g., within 30 minutes, 15 minutes, or 10 minutes.

[0055]

[0061] When the packaging material is secured and the press is opened to release the wrapped bale, the packaging expands vertically and laterally, which can cause the packaging material to stretch as the fibrous material fills the packaging. As the packaging material stretches, the vertical compressive force on the fibrous material drops, but is still around 5 N / cm 2 The compressive force may be within the range of 0.15 to 0.5 mmHg. The compressive force may remain in this range for approximately 48 hours. The compressive force may gradually decrease during this time. It is generally understood that the compressive force will substantially equilibrate at 48 hours, and for this reason, a 48-hour storage period is used to examine the packaging for failure.

[0056]

[0062] In some aspects (not shown), the fibrous material is compressed before being placed between the lower and upper sheets. In these aspects, the lower and upper platens are not required and the sheets may be manually placed over the fibrous material.

[0057]

[0063] Once the fibrous material has been compressed, it is preferably wrapped at ambient temperature and pressure before or after being placed between the bottom and top sheets.

[0064] After a 48-hour storage period, generally at ambient temperature and pressure, the wrapped bale is inspected. When wrapped according to the present invention, less than 1% of the surface area of ​​the bale (or liner) is visible, e.g., less than 0.5%, less than 0.1%, or less than 0.01%. For a 1 meter by 1 meter bale having a surface area of ​​6 square meters (or 600 cm), less than 6 square centimeters would be considered visible, e.g., less than 3 square centimeters, less than 0.6 square centimeters, or 0.06 square centimeters would be considered visible. Thus, the wrapping material covers 99% or more of the surface area of ​​the bale (or liner) after the wrapped bale has been stored for at least 48 hours, e.g., 99.5% or more, 99.9% or more, or 99.99% or more.

[0058]

[0065] In addition to reducing the percentage of visible surface area of ​​the bale (or liner), the present invention also reduces the ratio of the percentage of visible surface area to the percentage of vertical expansion of the bale. In some aspects, this ratio is 1:1 or less, e.g., 0.9:1 or less, 0.8:1 or less, or 0.7:1 or less. Such a reduction in ratio reflects resilience in the packaging material, since it indicates that as vertical expansion increases, the visible surface area increases, for example, at a smaller rate, if at all.

[0059]

[0066] It should be understood that although the fibrous material disclosed in the drawings is shown in a cubic shape, other shapes may be used and the folding process modified accordingly so that the sheets can overlap and be connected with tapes, straps and / or adhesives.

[0060]

[0067] Although the present invention has been described in detail, modifications within the spirit and scope of the present invention will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art. It should be understood that some of the aspects of the present invention and the various embodiments and features recited in this specification and / or the appended claims may be combined or interchanged in whole or in part. In the above description of various embodiments, embodiments referring to separate embodiments may be appropriately combined with other embodiments, as will be understood by those skilled in the art. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will understand that the above description is merely exemplary and is not intended to limit the present invention. Specific embodiments of the present invention are as follows. [Aspect 1] 1. A method for packaging textile materials, comprising: a. disposing the fibrous material between an upper sheet and a lower sheet; b. compressing the fibrous material in a press to form a bale; c. enclosing substantially 100% of the surface area of ​​the bale with a packaging material including the top sheet and the bottom sheet; and d. securing the wrapper around the fibrous material to form a wrapped bale. wherein after the wrapped bale has been stored for at least 48 hours, at least 99% of the surface area of ​​the bale is enclosed by the wrapping material. [Aspect 2] The method of embodiment 1, wherein at least one of the upper and lower sheets has a slit at each corner. [Aspect 3] The method of embodiment 1, wherein at least one of the top and bottom sheets has longitudinal (perimeter flap) fold lines. [Aspect 4] The method of embodiment 1, wherein at least one of the sheets has a plurality of parallel longitudinal (perimeter flap) fold lines. [Aspect 5] The method of embodiment 4, wherein at least one of the upper and lower sheets has longitudinal (perimeter flap) fold lines disposed on the top and bottom sides of at least one of the upper and lower sheets. [Aspect 6] The method of embodiment 2, wherein the slit is a Y-shaped slit, a V-shaped slit, or a U-shaped slit. [Aspect 7] The method of embodiment 1, wherein at least one of the upper and lower sheets is scored at each corner. [Aspect 8] The method of embodiment 1, wherein the packaging material comprises at least one side sheet. [Aspect 9] 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the top sheet has a surface area greater than the top surface of the veil, and step (c) further comprises folding a portion of the top sheet over at least one side surface of the veil. [Aspect 10] 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the bottom sheet has a surface area greater than the bottom surface of the veil, and step (c) further comprises folding a portion of the bottom sheet over at least one side surface of the veil. [Aspect 11] 2. The method of embodiment 1, wherein the fibrous material comprises cellulose acetate. [Aspect 12] 2. The method of claim 1, wherein step (a) further comprises wrapping the fibrous material in an unsealed liner before disposing the fibrous material between the upper sheet and the lower sheet, and wherein at least 99% of a surface area of ​​the unsealed liner is enclosed by the packaging material after the bale has been stored for at least 48 hours. [Aspect 13] 2. The method of embodiment 1, wherein the packaging material covers 99.5% or more of the surface area of ​​the bale after the packaged bale has been stored for at least 48 hours. [Aspect 14] 2. The method of embodiment 1, wherein the packaging material covers 99.9% or more of the surface area of ​​the bale after the packaged bale has been stored for at least 48 hours. [Aspect 15] The method of embodiment 1, wherein the packaging material comprises a cardboard material. [Aspect 16] The method of embodiment 1, wherein step (d) comprises applying a strap around the wrapper. [Aspect 17] 17. The method of claim 16, wherein the strap is a plastic strap. [Aspect 18] The method of embodiment 1, wherein step (d) comprises applying straps horizontally around the periphery of the wrapper. [Aspect 19] The method of embodiment 1, wherein step (d) comprises applying a strap vertically around the periphery of the wrapper. [Aspect 20] The method of embodiment 1, wherein step (d) comprises applying straps horizontally and vertically around the periphery of the packaging material. [Aspect 21] The method of embodiment 1, wherein the packaged bale is not sealed under vacuum. [Aspect 22] 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the fibrous material in step (d) has a total normal expansion pressure of 6.9 to 68.9 kPa (1 to 10 psi). [Aspect 23] 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the wrapping material in step (d) is secured by at least one strap disposed vertically around the periphery of the fibrous material, wherein the number of straps applied is sufficient to withstand the entire vertical expansion force. [Aspect 24] 1. A method for packaging compressed cellulose acetate tow, comprising: a. providing compressed cellulose acetate tow between an upper sheet and a lower sheet; b. enveloping substantially 100% of the surface area of ​​the compressed cellulose acetate tow with a wrapping material; and c. securing the packaging material to form a packaged bale; wherein at least 99% of the surface area of ​​the bale is enclosed by the packaging material after the wrapped bale has been stored for at least 48 hours. [Aspect 25] 1. A method for packaging cellulose acetate tow, comprising: a. placing the cellulose acetate tow between an upper sheet and a lower sheet; b. compressing the cellulose acetate tow including the top sheet and the bottom sheet in a press to form compressed cellulose acetate tow; c. introducing the compressed cellulose acetate tow into a packaging station; d. enveloping substantially 100% of the surface area of ​​the compressed cellulose acetate tow with a wrapping material; and e. securing the packaging material to form a packaged bale; wherein at least 99% of the surface area of ​​the bale is enclosed by the packaging material after the wrapped bale has been stored for at least 48 hours. [Aspect 26] 26. The method of embodiment 25, wherein after residual force equilibration, the ratio of the percentage of visible surface area of ​​the compressed cellulose acetate tow to the percentage of vertical expansion of the bale is 1:1 or less. [Explanation of symbols]

[0061] 1 Bale 2 Top sheet, top wrapping sheet, upper sheet 3 Bottom Sheet 4 Side wrapping sheet 5 Strap 6 Corner cut 8 V-shaped slits

Claims

1. 1. A method for packaging textile materials, comprising: a. disposing the fibrous material between an upper sheet and a lower sheet; b. compressing the fibrous material in a press to form a bale; c. enclosing substantially 100% of the surface area of ​​the bale with a packaging material including the top sheet and the bottom sheet; and d. securing the wrapper around the fibrous material to form a wrapped bale. Including, after the wrapped bale has been stored for at least 48 hours, 99% or more of the surface area of ​​the bale is enclosed by the wrapping material, and the fibrous material comprises cellulose acetate; Furthermore, at least one of the upper and lower sheets has a slit at each corner, the slit being a Y-shaped slit, a V-shaped slit, or a U-shaped slit, and at least one of the upper and lower sheets has a plurality of parallel longitudinal fold lines in each of the perimeter flaps; the packaging material comprises a cardboard material; and Neither the top nor bottom sheet includes a mushroom and loop fastener. method.

2. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein at least one of the upper and lower sheets is provided with longitudinally extending strips disposed on the top and bottom sides of at least one of the upper and lower sheets. A method with directional (perimeter flap) fold lines.

3. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein the packaging material comprises at least one side sheet.

4. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein the top sheet has a surface area greater than the top surface of the bale, and step (c) further comprises folding a portion of the top sheet over at least one side surface of the bale.

5. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein the bottom sheet has a surface area greater than the bottom surface of the bale, and step (c) further comprises folding a portion of the bottom sheet over at least one side surface of the bale.

6. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein step (a) further comprises wrapping the fibrous material in an unsealed liner before disposing the fibrous material between the upper sheet and the lower sheet, and wherein at least 99% of the surface area of ​​the unsealed liner is enclosed by the packaging material after the bale has been stored for at least 48 hours.

7. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein the packaging material covers at least 99.5% of the surface area of ​​the bale after the packaged bale has been stored for at least 48 hours.

8. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein the packaging material covers at least 99.9% of the surface area of ​​the bale after the packaged bale has been stored for at least 48 hours.

9. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein step (d) comprises applying a strap around the wrapper.

10. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein the strap is a plastic strap.

11. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein step (d) comprises applying a strap horizontally around the periphery of the wrapper.

12. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein step (d) comprises applying a strap vertically around the periphery of the wrapper.

13. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein step (d) comprises applying straps horizontally and vertically around the periphery of the packaging material.

14. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein the packaged bale is not sealed under vacuum.

15. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein the fibrous material of step (d) has a total normal expansion pressure of 6.9 to 68.9 kPa (1 to 10 psi).

16. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein the wrapping material in step (d) is secured by at least one strap disposed vertically around the periphery of the fibrous material, and the number of straps applied is sufficient to withstand the entire vertical expansion force.

17. 1. A method for packaging compressed cellulose acetate tow, comprising: a. providing compressed cellulose acetate tow between an upper sheet and a lower sheet; b. enveloping substantially 100% of the surface area of ​​the compressed cellulose acetate tow with a wrapping material; and c. securing the packaging material to form a packaged bale; wherein 99% or more of the surface area of ​​the bale is enclosed by the wrapping material after the wrapped bale has been stored for at least 48 hours; at least one of the top and bottom sheets has a slit at each corner, the slit being a Y-shaped slit, a V-shaped slit, or a U-shaped slit; and at least one of the top and bottom sheets has a plurality of parallel longitudinal fold lines in each of the perimeter flaps, the packaging material comprises a cardboard material; and The method wherein neither the top sheet nor the bottom sheet includes a mushroom and loop fastener.

18. 1. A method for packaging cellulose acetate tow, comprising: a. placing the cellulose acetate tow between an upper sheet and a lower sheet; b. compressing the cellulose acetate tow including the top sheet and the bottom sheet in a press to form compressed cellulose acetate tow; c. introducing the compressed cellulose acetate tow into a packaging station; d. enveloping substantially 100% of the surface area of ​​the compressed cellulose acetate tow with a wrapping material; and e. securing the packaging material to form a packaged bale; wherein 99% or more of the surface area of ​​the bale is enclosed by the wrapping material after the wrapped bale has been stored for at least 48 hours; at least one of the top and bottom sheets has a slit at each corner, the slit being a Y-shaped slit, a V-shaped slit, or a U-shaped slit; and at least one of the top and bottom sheets has a plurality of parallel longitudinal fold lines in each of the perimeter flaps, the packaging material comprises a cardboard material; and The method wherein neither the top sheet nor the bottom sheet includes a mushroom and loop fastener.

19. 20. The method of claim 18, wherein after residual force equilibration, the ratio of the percentage of visible surface area of ​​the compressed cellulose acetate tow to the percentage of vertical expansion of the bale is 1:1 or less.

Images