Devices for respiratory health care and for training and improving respiratory function

Abstract

To provide an apparatus for respiratory health care and for training and improvement of a respiratory function.SOLUTION: Provided is an apparatus including a first flow path, a second flow path and a body part having an internal volume. A first space in the internal volume is configured to be filled with liquid, and a second space in the internal volume is disposed so as to receive steam. The apparatus further includes means for transporting gas flow from a stream space in the internal volume to the outside of the apparatus through the first flow path during inspiration, and means for transporting expiratory flow from the outside of the apparatus to the first space in the internal volume through the second flow path. The apparatus further includes means for measuring a flow rate and a temperature of air flow, and means for mechanically and / or automatically adjusting the flow rate of the air flow. Further provided are a method and a system.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a device for respiratory wellness and / or for training and improving lung function, comprising at least a first flow path and a liquid space for a liquid. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a method and system for monitoring and controlling air and vapor flow and temperature in a device comprising at least a first flow path and a liquid space for a liquid. [Background technology]

[0002] Respiratory problems remain a major, increasingly costly, global phenomenon. While the incidence of severe asthma has declined in developed countries due to improved medication, the incidence of atypical asthma is increasing, likely due to poor indoor and outdoor air quality. Airborne particles, nitrogen dioxide, and ozone are known to influence asthma exacerbations and have also been suggested to be a significant contributor to asthma onset. Accumulation of phlegm in the airways due to allergies or poor air quality increases exposure to respiratory tract infections. For asthma and COPD patients, phlegm acts as a barrier for inhaled medications to contact the underlying epithelium, rendering medications ineffective and even reducing secondary benefits.

[0003] In obstructive lung diseases such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), airway obstruction restricts airflow. In asthma, an allergic reaction triggers a bronchial response that leads to thickening of the bronchial epithelium and narrowing of the lumen, resulting in acute respiratory problems. COPD is manifested by chronic inflammation of the alveoli and bronchi. In both asthma and COPD, inflammation causes permanent changes in bronchial morphology and chest motility. Mucus accumulation is common in these diseases, and its clearance is often hindered by impaired ciliary movement. Mucus stores harmful cellular debris and irritants, exposing the airway to viral and bacterial infections and exacerbations. Therefore, proper attention to mucus clearance, especially during exacerbations, is paramount. In asthma, bronchial obstruction occurs as a result of inflammation. In COPD, long-term inflammation causes symptoms, including shortness of breath and mucus in the airways. Furthermore, symptoms may be exacerbated by chest muscle tension due to illness. Furthermore, acute respiratory infections predispose patients to bronchial inflammation. Pressure gradients within small airways cause mucus to be removed by coughing toward larger airways where it is easier to expel. Coughing clears mucus, pushing it up the airways. In asthmatics, allergic reactions can contact the bronchi and block airflow. The irritation, in turn, promotes the accumulation of mucus in the bronchi. This exposes patients to respiratory tract infections and pneumonia.

[0004] Bottle blowing is a decades-old treatment for clearing mucus from the airways, and steam inhalation has been used since the 1960s to relieve upper respiratory congestion. During bottle blowing, patients blow air through a hose into a bottle filled with water. This resistive blowing clears mucus and opens the bronchial tubes. Steam inhalation then moistens the bronchial tubes, making the mucus more mobile and easier to cough up.

[0005] Lung disease increases the workload of the heart and exacerbates heart-related disorders such as the development of arrhythmias (eg, atrial fibrillation).

[0006] Respiratory care is based on inhaled medications, which are administered to the respiratory tract with the help of an inhaler or nebulizer. Steam inhalers are also used to relieve respiratory congestion. Boiling water is not recommended for steam inhalation because of the risk of burns. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The object of the present invention is to provide an improved steam inhaler. It is beneficial to monitor and control the temperature and airflow of the inhaled steam to provide adequate energy to the airways without causing damage. Therefore, the device according to the present invention has sensors connected to the airflow path for measuring the flow rate and temperature of the inhaled airflow and steam. According to one embodiment, the sensors are integrated into the airflow path. The measured parameters are used to calculate an index that substantially accurately indicates the user's exposure time. The measured parameters can also be used to provide information regarding the correct use of the device. The recorded parameters can be stored, analyzed, and monitored to further analyze the user's progress and their wellness training program. The present invention counteracts exhalation and inhalation, and steam inhalation is part of the inhalation process. These methods therefore work synergistically, allowing for many positive effects on breathing.

[0008] Blowing against resistance is particularly effective in opening the small bronchi in the lower lungs and activating the outer rib muscles that compress the chest and create positive airflow during exhalation. As a result, the moist steam reaches the small bronchi more easily during the inhalation process, while at the same time making the mucus more mobile and easier to clear by coughing.

[0009] The present invention is based on mechanical air resistance to exhalation and inhalation. Furthermore, the mechanism of the present invention allows vapor to enter the airways during inhalation. Therefore, the effects of drugs or other active agents that may be carried by moist vapor can be delivered deep into the airways. According to one embodiment, counter-pressure breathing and steam inhalation are combined to improve respiratory function. Furthermore, heat therapy can be monitored and controlled.

[0010] The present invention can be used in medical applications as well as sports and wellbeing applications to improve respiratory function.

[0011] According to one embodiment, at least the inspiratory flow rate and the temperature of the inspiratory flow are measured to obtain the first measured parameter. According to one embodiment, the expiratory flow rate and the temperature are also measured to obtain the second measured parameter. At least one index based on the first measured parameter and / or the second measured parameter can be used to monitor thermal therapy of the airways. The at least one index is a value related to thermal exposure.

[0012] At least one indicator is The calculated amount of energy gained during inspiration, The calculated amount of energy used during exhalation, Tidal volume (TV), Inspiratory reserve volume (IRV), Expiratory reserve volume (ERV), Residual volume (RV), ·Total lung capacity (LTC), Heart rate variability ·Maximum intake pressure (MIP), Maximum expiratory pressure (MEP), Maximum Inspiratory Flow (MIF), and / or Maximum expiratory flow (MEF) Selectable based on the source date included.

[0013] According to one embodiment, the indicator is: Maximum inspiratory pressure (MIP) and Maximum expiratory pressure (MEP) and Maximum inspiratory flow (MIF) and Maximum expiratory flow (MEF) and The samples are analyzed and selected based on a group including:

[0014] Hyperthermia exposure is using sensors to measure flow and temperature from at least the inspiratory flow, preferably from the inspiratory and expiratory flows; calculating a value, i.e., the first index and / or the second index, from the output of the sensor; and adjusting the optimal temperature, airflow resistance, and / or breathing time based on the calculated index. It can be controlled and monitored.

[0015] The present invention therefore relates to measurement processes, data collection, transition and analysis methods for, for example, respiratory health management, wellbeing care and / or sports performance services.

[0016] The device according to the invention comprises: a first flow path for intake air; a body having an internal volume, the body being configured such that a first space of the internal volume is filled with a liquid; a second space of the interior volume disposed to receive vapor formed in the first space of the interior volume, the first flow path disposed in flow communication with the second space of the interior volume; means for conveying a flow of gas from the vapor space of the interior volume through the first flow path to an exterior of the device during inspiration; a second flow path disposed in flow communication with a first space of the interior volume configured to provide exhaled air to a liquid; means for conveying an exhaled air flow from outside the device through a second flow path to a first space of the interior volume, thereby increasing the pressure of the interior volume; A means for measuring the flow rate and temperature of the airflow; means for mechanically and / or automatically adjusting the airflow rate; It is possible to include:

[0017] The present invention also relates to a method and a system. The method according to the present invention comprises: conveying the exhaled air through a second flow path of the device to a first space in a body portion of the device filled with liquid; forming vapor in the first space by exhalation; receiving the vapor formed in the first space into a second space in the main body of the device; conveying the gas flow from the second space through the first flow path to an exterior of the device during inspiration; measuring the flow rate and temperature of at least one of the inspiratory and expiratory flows; and adjusting the flow resistance of at least one of the first flow path and the second flow path.

[0018] The device and method according to the present invention are useful for increasing breathing power and caring for the mucous membranes of the respiratory tract, thus promoting respiratory well-being and helping to resist respiratory diseases. When used in conjunction with an inhalable medication, the device according to the present invention can reduce medication consumption because the device opens the airways and allows the medication to penetrate deeper into the airways than would be possible without the device.

[0019] The system according to the present invention comprises: a first flow path for intake air; a body having an internal volume, the body being configured such that a first space of the internal volume is filled with a liquid; a second space of the interior volume configured to receive vapor formed in the first space of the interior volume, the first flow path configured to be in flow communication with the second space of the interior volume; means for conveying airflow from the vapor space of the interior volume through the first flow path to an exterior of the device during inspiration; a first space of an interior volume configured to provide exhaled air to a liquid, and a second flow path arranged to be flow-connected; means for conveying an exhaled air flow from outside the device through a second flow path to a first space of the interior volume, thereby increasing the pressure of the interior volume; Any local display; a measuring means for measuring the flow rate and temperature of the intake air flow; Optionally, measuring means for measuring the flow rate and temperature of the exhaled air stream; Optionally, a first valve and a second valve; It is possible to include:

[0020] The system according to the present invention comprises: an integrated pressure and airflow monitoring and control unit, comprising: a wireless component; a processor; and at least one memory component.

[0021] During inspiration, the diaphragm and external rib muscles contract, causing negative chest pressure and airflow into the lungs. During expiration, the intercostal muscles and diaphragm relax and the internal rib muscles contract, causing positive chest pressure and airflow from the lungs.

[0022] In accordance with the present invention, the device is also useful for boosting respiratory function in children and the elderly. As we age, our respiratory capacity declines for many reasons, including stiffening of the ribs and shallow breathing. Children with asthma often limit their physical activity due to breathing difficulties, placing them in a vicious cycle where less activity leads to worse breathing.

[0023] A device according to the present invention is particularly useful for mucus removal, as the counter pressure during exhalation opens the small bronchi and creates a pressure gradient that lifts phlegm from the lungs.

[0024] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, exhaled air passes through the respiratory resistance regulator into the water space. The airflow creates bubbles in the water space, increasing the surface area of ​​the water and generating vapor that rises above the water surface. During inhalation, air from the water space passes through the check valve and the respiratory resistance regulator into the lungs. A check valve in the air flow path controls the direction of the airflow and prevents water from rising from the water space. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the device has a vent that allows air to enter and exit the device. During exhalation, the vent expels excess air from the device, and during inhalation, it expels air from within the device. This air mixes with the vapor / air above the water space. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a chemical substance, such as a drug, can be added to the water space or the inhalation flow path, where it can be gently introduced into the lungs along with the airflow.

[0025] According to one embodiment, at least the flow rate and temperature of the inhaled air are measured and an index based on this measurement is calculated that can be used to optimize thermal therapy of the airways.

[0026] The indicators are: The calculated amount of energy gained during inspiration, The calculated amount of energy used during exhalation, Tidal volume (TV), Inspiratory reserve volume (IRV), Expiratory reserve volume (ERV), Residual volume (RV), ·Total lung capacity, ·Maximum intake pressure (MIP), Maximum expiratory pressure (MEP), Maximum Inspiratory Flow (MIF), and / or Maximum expiratory flow (MEF), The selection can be based on a set of source data including:

[0027] According to one embodiment, the calculated index is: ·Maximum intake pressure (MIP), Maximum expiratory pressure (MEP), Maximum Inspiratory Flow (MIF), and / or Maximum expiratory flow (MEF), The compounds are selected based on the group comprising:

[0028] Drugs added to the inspiratory flow path are immediately carried to the lungs upon inspiration, whereas substances added to the water space evaporate into the upper part of the water space from where they are carried to the lungs upon inhalation.

[0029] Exhaling against resistance increases chest pressure, which opens the smaller bronchi because pressure is greater in the lower lungs. Mucus that accumulates in the lower bronchi moves toward lower pressure, i.e., the larger tubes, and is eventually expelled by coughing. This phenomenon is attenuated by inhaled steam, which makes the phlegm more mobile, making it easier to cough.

[0030] According to one embodiment, at least the flow rate and temperature of the expiratory airflow are measured and an index based on this measurement is calculated, which index can be used to monitor thermal therapy of the airways. The calculated amount of energy gained during inspiration, The calculated amount of energy used during exhalation, Tidal volume (TV), Inspiratory reserve volume (IRV), Expiratory reserve volume (ERV), Residual volume (RV), ·Total lung capacity Heart rate variability ·Maximum intake pressure (MIP), Maximum expiratory pressure (MEP), Maximum Inspiratory Flow (MIF), and / or Maximum expiratory flow (MEF), You can select based on a set of source data, including:

[0031] According to one embodiment, the calculated index is: ·Maximum intake pressure (MIP), Maximum expiratory pressure (MEP), Maximum Inspiratory Flow (MIF), and / or Maximum expiratory flow (MEF), The compounds are selected based on the group comprising:

[0032] This device removes mucus from the airways, reducing the risk of pneumonia, especially in people who suffer from mucus buildup. It's also known to increase rib cage elasticity by stretching the muscles and tissues around the chest, improving breathing by allowing air to enter deeper into the lungs. The inhaled steam works synergistically with increased chest pressure to remove mucus from the airways.

[0033] According to one embodiment, airflow in the inspiratory and expiratory flow paths can be measured by sensors. The resulting signals can be transmitted to a data processing system, such as a mobile phone, which can store, analyze, and convert the signals into information. This information can be useful for user motivation, monitoring, and advice. This information can be transmitted via a data processor to a data pool, such as a health library.

[0034] More specifically, the present invention relates to a compressor having a first flow path (5) for intake air, a main body (2) having an internal volume (3, 4), the main body (2) being configured such that a first space (3) of the internal volume is filled with a liquid; a second space (4) of the interior volume configured to receive vapor forming in the first space (3) of the interior volume, the first flow path (5) being arranged in flow communication with the second space (4) of the interior volume; means (6) for conveying a gas flow from the vapor space (4) of the interior volume to the exterior of the device (1) via the first flow path (5) during inspiration; a second flow path (7) arranged to be in flow communication with the first space (3) of the interior volume configured to provide exhaled air in a liquid; and means (8) for conveying a gas flow from the exterior of the device (1) to the first space (3) of the internal volume via the second flow path (7), The device (1) means for measuring the flow rate and temperature of the airflow; means for manually and / or automatically adjusting the airflow rate; The device (1) further comprises:

[0035] In the present invention, the means (6) for conveying the gas flow from the vapor space (4) through the first flow path (5) to the outside of the device (1) comprises a first valve (6), which is a valve that is closed by negative pressure; and / or The means (8) for conveying a gas flow from the outside of the device (1) to the liquid space (3) via the second flow path (7) is characterized by including a second valve (8) which is a valve that is closed by negative pressure.

[0036] In the present invention, the means for measuring the flow rate and temperature of the airflow comprises: a first sensor for measuring the flow rate of the airflow; and a second sensor for measuring the temperature of the airflow.

[0037] In the present invention, the device (1) is characterized in that it further comprises means for transmitting at least a part of the measurement data.

[0038] In the present invention, the device (1) comprises a heating means (11) for heating the liquid in the liquid space (3), and / or It is characterized by further comprising a pressurizing means (14) for increasing the pressure in the liquid space (3).

[0039] In the present invention, the device (1) is characterized in that it further comprises a third flow path (9) that connects the first flow path (5) and the second flow path (7) so that the gas flow is conveyed from the outside of the device (1) to the second flow path (7) and the gas flow is conveyed from the first flow path (5) to the outside of the device (1) via the third flow path (9).

[0040] In the present invention, the device (1) comprises: the amount of energy gained during inspiration, and / or Amount of energy used during exhalation The method further comprises means for determining:

[0041] In the present invention, the device (1) comprises: Tidal volume (TV), Inspiratory reserve volume (IRV), expiratory reserve volume (ERV), Residual volume (RV), and / or total lung capacity (LTC), Heart rate variability The method further comprises means for determining:

[0042] In the present invention, the device (1) comprises: Personal, Maximum intake pressure (MIP), Maximum expiratory pressure (MEP), Maximum inspiratory flow (MIF), and Peak expiratory flow (MEF) The method is characterized in that it includes means for determining

[0043] The present invention provides a method for transporting exhaled air through a second flow path (7) of the device (1) to a first space (3) of a main body (2) of the device (1) filled with a liquid; forming vapor in the first space (3) by exhalation; Receiving the vapor formed in the first space (3) into the second space (4) of the main body (2) of the device (1); conveying the gas flow from the second space (4) through the first flow path (5) to the exterior of the device (1) during inspiration, measuring the flow rate and temperature of at least one of the inspiratory and expiratory flows; and adjusting the flow resistance of at least one of the first flow path (5) and the second flow path (7).

[0044] In the present invention, the method comprises: analyzing at least a portion of the data collected from the measurements; The analysis is Calculating the amount of energy gained during inspiration; Calculating the amount of energy transferred during exhalation; Calculating maximum inspiratory pressure (MIP), Calculating maximum expiratory pressure (MEP), Calculating the maximum inspiratory flow (MIF), and / or Calculating the maximum expiratory flow (MEF), The method further includes recommending a preferred resistance step to the individual based on an analysis using at least one of the calculated values.

[0045] In accordance with the present invention, the method is characterized in that it further comprises transmitting at least a portion of the measurement data and / or analysis data to a respiratory cloud service unit (30).

[0046] The present invention provides a first intake flow path (5), a main body (2) having an internal volume (3, 4), the main body (2) being configured such that a first space (3) of the internal volume is filled with a liquid; a second space (4) of the interior volume configured to receive vapor forming in the first space (3) of the interior volume, whereby the first flow path (5) is arranged in flow communication with the second space (4) of the interior volume; means (6) for conveying a gas flow from the vapor space (4) of the internal volume to the exterior of the device (1) via a first flow path (5); a second flow path (7) arranged to be in flow communication with the first space (3) of the interior volume configured to provide exhaled air into a liquid; means (8) for conveying the exhaled air flow from the exterior of the device (1) through a second flow path (7) into the first space (3) of the internal volume, thereby increasing the pressure in the internal volume (3, 4); Optionally, a local display (27); measuring means for measuring the flow rate and temperature of the intake air flow; Optionally, measuring means for measuring the flow rate and temperature of the exhaled air stream; Optionally, a device (1) including a first valve (6) and a second valve (8), an integrated pressure and airflow monitoring and control unit, comprising: a wireless component; a processor (25); The system further includes an integrated pressure and airflow monitoring and control unit including at least one memory component (26).

[0047] In the present invention, the system is characterized by further comprising a display (27) for showing the recommendations to the user.

[0048] The invention is the use of said device for health management, sports exercise and / or wellbeing. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0049] [Figure 1] 1 shows a perspective view of an apparatus according to an advantageous embodiment of the present invention; [Figure 2] 2 shows a reduced cross-sectional view of the device according to the embodiment of FIG. 1; [Figure 3a] Principal diagrams showing the function of the flow channels during different breathing processes are shown. [Figure 3b] Principal diagrams showing the function of the flow channels during different breathing processes are shown. [Figure 4] 10 illustrates alternative valve arrangements for directing air flow during various functional steps of the device. [Figure 5] 10 shows an alternative arrangement of flow paths within the device. [Figure 6] 3 shows a reduced cross-sectional view of an apparatus according to another advantageous embodiment of the present invention; [Figure 7] 3 shows a reduced cross-sectional view of an apparatus according to a third advantageous embodiment of the present invention; [Figure 8a] 1 illustrates an example method for a system according to one embodiment. [Figure 8b] 1 illustrates an example of a controller as a simplified block diagram, according to one embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0050] In the following, the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0051] FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of a device 1 according to an advantageous embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 shows the device of FIG. 1 in a reduced cross-sectional view. The device 1 includes a body 2, the interior volume of which is provided with a liquid space 3 for a liquid, such as water. The body 2 is advantageously partially or fully insulated to prevent direct thermal contact with the user and to maintain the temperature of the water or liquid. Above the liquid space 3, a vapor space 4 confines vapor rising from the liquid space. A flow channel 5 carries air from the vapor space 4 to the user of the device 1. A check valve 6 controls the airflow direction in the air flow channel 5, allowing air to flow from the vapor space 4 to the user, but not vice versa. The end of the airflow channel 5a is disposed above the liquid space 3 so as not to be submerged in the liquid space 3.

[0052] The volumes of the liquid space 3 and the vapor space 4 may vary depending on the volume of liquid added to the liquid space 3. The liquid space 3 is a volume of liquid, such as water, and the vapor space is a volume of vapor, such as water vapor. A portion of the body outer layer 2 may be transparent to allow visual detection of the liquid level 18 in the liquid space 3. A temperature display and device may also be provided to help the user monitor the temperature of the liquid and / or vapor.

[0053] The device 1 may also include a lid 12 through which a liquid, such as water, may be passed and provided to the liquid space 3. The lid 12 may be relatively tightly secured to the body 2 so that sufficient pressure and temperature levels are maintained within the body when the device 1 is in use.

[0054] The body 2 has a vent 19 which allows air to flow in and out during use of the device. The body 2 or the lid 12 is preferably provided with a replacement air valve 19 through which replacement air can be supplied to the interior volume of the body during the inhalation stroke.

[0055] The device 1 also has an air passage 7 and a check valve 8 that allow air to be blown into the liquid space 3. The check valve 8 blocks the flow of air and liquid from the liquid space to the user. The end of the air passage 7a is disposed below the liquid level 18 in the liquid space 3.

[0056] The device 1 also has air flow paths 5, 7, and an air flow path 9 connected to a mouthpiece 10. The mouthpiece 10 can be a separate, attachable component or can be directly integrated into the air flow path 9.

[0057] In some cases, the mouthpiece 10 is replaceable so that each person using the device can have their own mouthpiece 10 .

[0058] The device has a breathing regulator attached to or integrated into the air flow path 9. The breathing regulator acts as a respiratory resistor during inspiration and expiration. The breathing regulator is adjustable so that the resistance during inspiration and expiration can be selected by the user.

[0059] The breathing regulator can be implemented separately in both airflow paths 5, 7. The breathing regulator works by narrowing the airflow path, thereby increasing breathing resistance during exhalation and inspiration.

[0060] According to one embodiment, the flow rate, vapor, and temperature of the intake air flow are measured. Therefore, the device 1 preferably comprises a first sensor 21, i.e., a flow sensor, for measuring the air and / or vapor flow rate of the intake air flow, and a second sensor 22, i.e., a temperature sensor, for measuring the temperature of the intake air flow. The first sensor 21 and the second sensor 22 are preferably arranged in connection with the third flow path 9. The first sensor 21 and / or the second sensor 22 may be movable sensors, i.e., the location of the sensors 21, 22 can be determined according to current needs. For example, the sensors 21, 22 can be arranged movably relative to the first flow path 5, the second flow path 7, and / or the third flow path 9.

[0061] Additionally, the flow rate of the expiratory airflow and the temperature of said expiratory airflow can also be measured. The first sensor 21, i.e., the flow rate sensor, can be used to measure the flow rate of the expiratory airflow. The second sensor 22, i.e., the temperature sensor, can be used to measure the temperature of the expiratory airflow.

[0062] The first sensor 21 and the second sensor 22 may be disposed in association with the third flow path 9 or the mouthpiece 10. Thus, only one first sensor 21 may be required to measure flow rate from both the inspiratory and expiratory streams. Furthermore, only one second sensor 22 may be required to measure temperature from both the inspiratory and expiratory streams. This may reduce the manufacturing costs of the device 1 having the sensors 21, 22.

[0063] According to one embodiment, both the first flow path 5 and the second flow path 7 can have their own flow and / or temperature sensors. This can aid in the analysis process of the measured parameters as it is not necessary to determine whether the measured parameters are from inhaled or exhaled gas.

[0064] In the absence of steam, exhaled air is typically warmer, more humid, and contains more CO2 than inhaled air. These variations can be used to indicate breathing rate. Airflow temperature and its variations can also be used to adjust the optimal airflow temperature of the device 1 for the user.

[0065] The airflow can be detected, for example, based on its temperature or pressure. In the case of temperature-based airflow detection, a separate flow sensor 21 may not be necessary, which may reduce costs. However, this may not be a very accurate method, so it is advantageous for the device 1 to include a separate flow sensor 21 for measuring airflow, attached to the airways 5, 7, 9 of the device 1.

[0066] Therefore, the device 1 preferably includes a sensor 21 for measuring the inspiratory and / or expiratory flow, which sensor is attached to the airway of the device 1. Airflow sensors, Nasal or oral nasal thermistor, Nasal pressure transducer, or CO2 sensor, It is possible to measure using at least one of the following:

[0067] The first index (ix) is preferably calculated from flow rate and temperature measurements from sensors 21, 22. The first index (ix) can be used to optimize thermotherapy of an individual's airways. The first index (ix), in other words, is a value calculated from the output of sensors 21, 22, and can be used to adjust the optimal temperature and airway resistance, and preferably also the optimal breathing time of an individual. When determining the optimal temperature, airway resistance, and / or breathing time, previously obtained measurements can be used as reference values ​​for the adjustment process.

[0068] In other words, at least the breathing time, for example 5-15 seconds, and the temperature of the inspiratory flow, and preferably also the flow rate of the inspiratory flow, are measured, and one, two, or more indices based on those measurements are calculated.

[0069] The calculated indices can be used to optimize thermal therapy of the airways. According to one embodiment, a first index is a measure of thermal exposure and can be calculated from inspiratory flow, and a second index is calculated from expiratory flow.

[0070] At least one indicator is The calculated amount of energy gained during inspiration, The calculated amount of energy used during exhalation, Tidal volume (TV), Inspiratory reserve volume (IRV), Expiratory reserve volume (ERV), Residual volume (RV), ·Total lung capacity (LTC), Heart rate variability, ·Maximum intake pressure (MIP), Maximum expiratory pressure (MEP), Maximum Inspiratory Flow (MIF), and / or Maximum expiratory flow (MEF) The selection can be based on source data including:

[0071] According to one embodiment, the calculated index is: ·Maximum intake pressure (MIP), Maximum expiratory pressure (MEP), Maximum Inspiratory Flow (MIF), and / or Maximum expiratory flow (MEF) The compounds are selected based on the group comprising:

[0072] According to one embodiment, the first index is calculated as a function of at least the total inspiration time (tINtot) and the temperature of the inspiration air (TIN). The total inspiration time (tINtot) is the time used for a predetermined number of inspiration times tIN1-tINn, i.e., the total time of a predetermined number of inspirations. The calculated temperature of the inspiration airflow (TavmaxIN) is the average of the maximum measured temperatures TmaxIN of TIN1-TINn.

[0073] Therefore, the first index can be calculated from the following formula: First index = TavmaxIN×tINtot

[0074] The first index may represent the energy transferred to the airways by the vapor, which may be useful in estimating the level of hyperthermia in the upper airways.

[0075] The second index can be calculated as a function of at least the total exhalation time (tEXtot) and the temperature of the exhaled air (TEX). The total exhalation time (tEXtot) is the time used for a given number of exhalation times tEX1-tEXn, i.e., the total time of the given number of exhalations. The calculated temperature of the exhaled airflow (TavmaxEX) is the average of the maximum measured temperatures TmaxEX for TEX1-TEXn.

[0076] Therefore, the second index can be calculated from the following formula: Second indicator = TavmaxEX×tEXtot

[0077] The second index is indicative of the energy transmitted from the airways and may be useful, especially when used in conjunction with the first index.

[0078] To obtain a more accurate first indicator of total inhalation energy, the total inhaled air volume can be determined, which can be calculated based on the measured airflow and the time used for each inspiration.

[0079] Therefore, the first indicator is preferably: Measuring the intake flow rate; Measuring the temperature of the intake air flow, Determining the duration of the inspiratory flow; Calculating the total volume by using the inspiratory flow and the time used for that inspiratory flow; Determining water vapor density from the temperature of the intake air stream; Calculating the amount of water in the airflow using the water vapor density used and the calculated total volume; Determining the specific heat capacity of water vapor at the measured temperature, and / or Based on the measurements and analysis mentioned above, i.e., heat capacity, amount of water in the airflow and time, it is determined by calculating the amount of energy gained during inspiration.

[0080] The following example shows how to calculate the index. The above measurements indicate that the individual's inspiratory flow rate is 10 l / min and the airflow temperature is 60°C. Furthermore, the individual's inspiratory time is 10 seconds. Therefore, the total volume calculated from the airflow and time is 10 l / min x 1 / 6 min, or approximately 1.67 l. The temperature is 60°C, and the vapor density can be determined based on the temperature (130.5 mg / L at 60°C), thus allowing the water content to be calculated. Considering the specific heat capacity of water vapor, 2.0 J / g energy, the maximum amount of energy obtained during one breath is 0.783 J. Therefore, with the above-mentioned 10-second inspiratory time, the total energy for the set airflow and inspiratory period is 7.83 J.

[0081] When calculating the total amount of energy, for example, the temperature of the inspiratory flow, the time used for inhalation and / or exhalation, and / or the flow resistance of exhalation and / or inhalation can be adjusted to obtain the predetermined amount of energy. Thus, preferably, the method includes adjusting at least the temperature of the inspiratory flow, the time used for inhalation, and / or the flow resistance of inhalation to obtain the predetermined amount of energy.

[0082] To obtain a second accurate index of total exhaled energy, total exhaled volume can also be calculated based on the measured airflow and the time used for each exhalation.

[0083] Therefore, the second indicator is preferably calculated by measuring the flow rate of the expiratory airflow, measuring the temperature of the expiratory airflow, determining the time of the expiratory airflow, calculating the total volume using the expiratory airflow and the time of the expiratory airflow, determining the water vapor density from the temperature of the expiratory airflow, calculating the amount of moisture using the water vapor density and the total volume, determining the specific heat capacity of the water vapor at the temperature, and calculating the amount of energy in the exhaled air based on the heat capacity, the amount of moisture in the airflow, and the time.

[0084] The method may further include adjusting the temperature of the inhalation flow, optionally adjusting the time used for inhalation, optionally adjusting the time used for exhalation, adjusting the flow resistance of the exhalation, and adjusting the flow resistance of the inhalation to obtain a predetermined amount of energy.

[0085] It is preferable that at least the temperature of the inhaled air flow is adjusted. It is also preferable that at least the flow resistance of the exhaled air is adjusted. It is also preferable that at least the flow resistance of the inhaled air is adjusted.

[0086] According to one embodiment, the first and second indices are monitored during the airway monitoring and adjustment process. Tidal volume (TV), which represents the amount of air that can be inhaled and exhaled during a normal (quiet) breathing cycle, Inspiratory reserve volume (IRV), which represents the amount of air that can be forcibly inhaled beyond a single inspiration; and It can be calculated based on the expiratory reserve volume (ERV), which represents the amount of air that can be forcibly exhaled beyond a single exhalation.

[0087] Additionally, residual volume (RV), which represents the amount of air remaining in the lungs after ERV, and total lung capacity (LTC) (also known as respiratory capacity, lung capacity, functional residual capacity, vital capacity, total lung capacity) can be used to calculate the first and / or second index.

[0088] Tidal volume can be calculated using flow measurements of inspiratory and / or expiratory flow taken during a normal breathing cycle and the time used for inspiration and / or expiration.

[0089] When the inspiratory flow rate and time of inspiratory flow are measured, air is forcefully inhaled, and the tidal volume is known, the inspiratory reserve volume can be calculated.

[0090] When the expiratory flow rate and time of expiratory flow are measured, air is forcibly exhaled, and the tidal volume is known, the expiratory reserve volume can be calculated.

[0091] Once the expiratory reserve volume and total lung capacity have been determined, residual volume can be calculated.

[0092] According to one embodiment, the device 1 further comprises means for transferring the measurement results (outputs of the sensors 21, 22) to a control device 31, which is shown, for example, in a simplified block diagram in FIG. 8b. The control device 31 comprises a processor 25, a memory 26 for storing data and computer code executed by the processor 25, a user interface 27 with a display or the like, and a keyboard (not shown). The control device 31 further comprises a sensor interface for receiving the outputs from the sensors 21, 22 and an adjusting element 29 for adjusting the resistance and / or temperature. A power supply 24 is also provided, which provides power for the operation of the control device 31. For communication purposes, the control device 31 may comprise a communication interface 28 capable of communicating with several other devices, for example, a cloud service unit 31, via a short-range and / or long-range communication connection.

[0093] The processor 25 can be used to analyze measurements obtained from the sensors 21, 22 to adjust the flow resistance and temperature of the inspiratory and / or expiratory flow and, optionally, the breath time.

[0094] Thus, the thermotherapy exposure can be at least monitored, such as by using sensors 21, 22 that measure airflow and the temperature of the inhaled and / or exhaled air. According to one embodiment, the thermotherapy exposure is not only monitored but also adjusted to improve respiratory function.

[0095] The device 1 comprises at least means for measuring the inspiratory and / or expiratory flow, e.g., a sensor 21; means for measuring the temperature of the inspiratory and / or expiratory air flow, e.g., a sensor 22; means for adjusting the flow resistance of at least one of the first flow path 5 and the second flow path 7.

[0096] The system (shown in Figures 8a and 8b) preferably comprises at least the device 1, a control device 31 and at least one sensor for measurements 21, 22. According to one embodiment, a respiratory cloud service unit 30 may be part of the system.

[0097] According to one embodiment, the system comprises means for collecting data from the above-mentioned temperature and / or flow measurements, means for analysing the collected data and forming a calculated first index (ix) by using the above-mentioned measurements, adjustment means 29 for adjusting the flow resistance and / or temperature of the airflow, and means for determining the breathing time, for example 8 to 10 seconds.

[0098] The system may also comprise means for analysing the collected data to form a second index (id) calculated by using the above-mentioned measurements from the expiratory airflow. The system may further comprise means for analysing the collected data to form a third index and / or a fourth index, values ​​calculated by using the above-mentioned measurements.

[0099] According to one embodiment, all indicators are generated from the following set of source data: The calculated amount of energy gained during inspiration, The amount of energy used during exhalation, Tidal volume (TV), Inspiratory reserve volume (IRV), Expiratory reserve volume (ERV), Residual volume (RV), ·Total lung capacity (LTC), Heart rate variability, ·Maximum intake pressure (MIP), Maximum expiratory pressure (MEP), Maximum Inspiratory Flow (MIF), and / or Maximum expiratory flow (MEF) are selected based on

[0100] Preferably, all indicators are from the following group: the calculated amount of energy gained during inspiration, and / or The calculated amount of energy used during exhalation, ·Maximum intake pressure (MIP), Maximum expiratory pressure (MEP), Maximum Inspiratory Flow (MIF), and / or Maximum expiratory flow (MEF) are selected based on

[0101] Most preferably, all indicators are selected from the following groups: the calculated amount of energy gained during inspiration, and / or Calculated amount of energy used during exhalation are selected based on

[0102] Therefore, a system including the device 1 comprises means for calculating at least one indicator, for example means for calculating the amount of energy obtained during inspiration; means for calculating the amount of energy transferred during exhalation; · Means for calculating tidal volume (TV), means for calculating the inspiratory reserve volume (IRV); · Means for calculating expiratory reserve volume (ERV), A means for calculating residual volume (RV), A means to calculate total lung capacity (LTC), means for calculating heart rate variability; A means for calculating an individual's maximum inspiratory pressure (MIP), and A means for calculating an individual's maximum expiratory pressure (MEP); A means for calculating an individual's maximum inspiratory flow (MIF), and / or · May include means for calculating an individual's maximum expiratory flow (MEF).

[0103] The means for calculating at least one indicator may include at least the processor 25 .

[0104] These values ​​can be used to assist the individual, i.e., the user of the device, to adjust the flow resistance using adjustment means 29 by adjusting the flow resistance of an adjustable flow restrictor, e.g., first valve 6 and / or second valve 8. According to one embodiment, the adjustment is performed using adjustment means 29 either manually by the user guided via display 27, or automatically, e.g., under the control of processor 25, or based on adjustment information received from a remote location, e.g., respiratory cloud service unit 30 or a software application, and based on a predefined step size within the device and / or in a user interface. Adjustment of the flow resistance using adjustment means 29 may, for example, be implemented by controlling the position of at least one valve 6, 8 of device 1.

[0105] According to one embodiment, at least a portion of the data obtained from the above-mentioned measurements is stored and analyzed in the device 1 and / or the respiratory cloud service unit 30. Advantageously, historical data of at least the calculated amount of energy gained during inspiration, the calculated amount of energy used during expiration, the maximum inspiratory pressure, the maximum expiratory pressure, the maximum inspiratory flow rate, and / or the maximum expiratory flow rate are used to define the user's ventilation resistance profile. Furthermore, a proposed ventilation resistance (recommended valve position of the device 1) may be recommended to the user based on the measured (historical) data and reference data. This may be defined, for example, based on total lung volume data relative to the resistance used by the user during an exercise period.

[0106] According to one embodiment, data indicative of the recommended airflow resistance is stored in a memory component 26 of the processor unit and displayed on a display 27, such as the display 27 of the device 1. The data indicative of the recommended airflow resistance may also be used in a software application and / or cloud service database for a breathing training program. Using the recommended data, an individual (i.e., a user) may, for example, select the most appropriate airflow resistance.

[0107] The airflow resistance can be adjusted mechanically / manually using adjustment means 29. For example, it can be adjusted mechanically using a peripheral adjuster, or it can be adjusted automatically by selecting options in a software application user interface.

[0108] Furthermore, measurements such as maximum inspiratory pressure (MIP) and maximum expiratory pressure (MEP) can be used to assess the user's muscle pressure. Furthermore, for example, the MIP and MEP values ​​described above can be very useful in diagnosing and following up on pulmonary and cardiac diseases. Also, an imbalance between the pressure generated by the inspiratory muscles and the MIP value can lead to hypercapnia in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

[0109] Therefore, MIP and MEP in particular may be very useful in predicting postoperative pulmonary complications after coronary artery bypass graft surgery. An imbalance between the mechanical load of the ventilator and the respiratory muscle capacity may also contribute to the difficulty of weaning patients from the ventilator. Similarly, MIP may be a very sensitive predictor of successful isolation.

[0110] The method comprises: - measuring the flow rate and temperature of the intake air flow, the measurements being performed by at least one sensor 21, 22; Optionally, determining the duration of the inspiratory flow; collecting data from inspiratory flow measurements; analyzing the collected data to form a first index (ix) calculated from the inspiratory flow using the measurements described above; The first indicator (ix) is used to adjust at least one of the following parameters, preferably the following parameters: Flow resistance of the intake airflow, Flow resistance of the expiratory flow, and and adjusting all of the temperature of the intake air flow.

[0111] According to one embodiment, the method comprises: measuring the expiratory air flow and the temperature of the expiratory air flow; Determining the time of expiratory flow; collecting data from expiratory flow measurements; analyzing the collected data, optionally together with data from the inspiratory flow measurements, to form a second index (id) calculated by using at least the above-mentioned measurements from the expiratory flow; By using said second index (id) and optionally the first index (ix), at least one of the following parameters can be determined, preferably the following parameters: Optionally, the time of the intake flow, Flow resistance of the intake airflow, Flow resistance of the expiratory flow, Intake air flow temperature, and and optionally adjusting all of the following:

[0112] According to one embodiment, the method comprises: Measuring the pressure of the intake airflow; Measuring the pressure of the expiratory flow; Measuring an intake flow rate; Measuring the flow rate of the expiratory flow; Calculating a maximum inspiratory pressure (MIP), a maximum expiratory pressure (MEP), a maximum inspiratory flow (MIF), and / or a maximum expiratory flow (MEF); and using at least one of the calculated values ​​as the first index and / or the second index.

[0113] The above-mentioned measurements, analyses and adjustments, among other things, help the user to adjust the airflow resistance and select a training program that is tailored to the user.

[0114] The operation of the device according to FIG. 1 will be described below in a care context with reference to FIGS. 3a and 3b. The liquid space 3 of the device is filled with a liquid, e.g., water, to a predetermined height. This height is advantageously such that one end 5a of the first flow path 5 is above the liquid level, while one end 7a of the second liquid flow path 7 is below the liquid surface. The liquid supplied to the liquid space is preferably heated, e.g., by a separate heating device, or hot water is supplied to the liquid space from a building hot water tap. The target temperature of the liquid may vary in various situations. However, in the treatment of respiratory diseases, the liquid temperature should not boil, but should be, for example, at most 60-70°C, or even lower. Therefore, if the liquid temperature rises above the target temperature during the heating phase, the liquid may need to be cooled before the patient uses the device 1.

[0115] Once the liquid space 3 is filled with the appropriate amount of liquid and the liquid temperature is appropriate, treatment can begin. The device is equipped with a temperature display or other temperature monitoring means so that the user can track the temperature before beginning the exercise. The patient places the mouthpiece 10 in their mouth and begins exhaling. Air from the patient's lungs then flows into the third flow path 9 and from there into the second flow path 7. While air may actually flow into the first flow path 5, the first valve 6 of the first flow path is positioned to prevent air from further flowing into the first flow path 5. In other words, the first valve 6 prevents air from flowing into the vapor space 4 via the first flow path 5. The second valve 8 of the second flow path 7 is positioned to allow exhaled air to flow into the liquid space 3. This liquid in the liquid space 3 creates a flow resistance, which has the effect of forcing the patient to exhale more forcefully to allow the exhaled air to flow into the liquid space 3. This has been found to be beneficial for treatment because the muscles involved in lung function must work harder, strengthening these muscles as treatment continues. Furthermore, the opening of the bronchi is even more effective when a significant resistance effect is created on exhalation. The air flow during this process is shown by arrow A in Figure 3a.

[0116] In the liquid space 3, exhalation has the effect of forming bubbles (pores) in the liquid, increasing the internal pressure of a portion of the body, e.g., the liquid space 3. As a result, some of the liquid in the liquid space 3 evaporates, and this vapor rises to the vapor space 4, although the temperature of the liquid is below the liquid's evaporation point. If the liquid space 3 or the vapor space 4 contains a drug, delivery of the drug to the lungs is similarly improved along with the inhaled vapor. Exhalation is followed by an inhalation process, which triggers the following series of actions in the device 1. When the subject begins inhaling by drawing air into their lungs through the mouthpiece 10, negative pressure is created in both the first flow path 5 and the second flow path 7. Therefore, the second valve in the second flow path 7 closes, preventing air from flowing through the second flow path 7 to the lungs. Instead, the first valve 6 in the first flow path 5 opens, allowing air to flow from the vapor space 4 through the first flow path 5 to the lungs. This inhaled air also entrains vapor from the vapor space 4. In other words, the device functions as a vapor inhaler. The air flow during this process is indicated by arrow B in Figure 3b. Because the inhalation stroke follows almost immediately after the exhalation stroke, the bronchi do not have time to close, which effectively facilitates entry of the vapor, and any drug that may be contained within, into the lungs. Both exhalation and inhalation resistance can be adjusted because the lungs and their supporting muscles are activated in resistive inspiration as well.

[0117] In step 1 described above, first valve 6 and second valve 8 are automatic pressure-activated valves, a type of backpressure valve, which allow the desired control of airflow. Other types of valves can also be used in device 1, thereby implementing airflow control by applying the principles described above. One example is a manually operated valve. The user or an assistant can adjust the valve as needed. As a result, during the exhalation phase, flow through first flow path 5 is obstructed, and during the inhalation phase, airflow through second flow path 7 is obstructed in a similar manner. In one embodiment, first valve 6 and second valve 8 can be replaced by a single valve equipped with a shutter (e.g., baffle 16 in FIG. 4) that can alternately close first flow path 5 and second flow path 7. Control of valves 6 and 8 can also be automated; sensors or the like can detect whether the subject is exhaling or inhaling and control the operation of valves 6 and 8 in an appropriate manner based on this.

[0118] Additionally, at least some of the measurements, analyses, and adjustments disclosed in this application may be used to optimize thermal therapy of the airways.

[0119] In the device 1 of FIG. 1 , the first and second flow paths 5 and 7 are connected at one end 5b, 7b to a single flow path, i.e., the third flow path 9. However, the device 1 according to the present invention does not require the third flow path 9, but rather both the first and second flow paths 5 and 7 lead to a mouthpiece 10, such that both the second end 5b of the first flow path 5 and the second end 7b of the second flow path 7 are within the mouthpiece and placed in the subject's mouth during use. The second end 5b of the first flow path 5 and the second end 7b of the second flow path 7 are adjacent to each other, advantageously parallel to each other, overlapping each other, or diagonally adjacent to each other, so that the second ends 5b, 7b of both flow paths fit into the subject's mouth simultaneously. An example of such an implementation is shown in FIG. 5 .

[0120] In connection with the operation of the device 1 described above, it has been mentioned that the liquid is heated outside the device 1 by a separate heater, such as a coffee maker or a kettle. The above-mentioned implementations can be such that the liquid heating device is provided within the device 1 itself, or the device 1 can be heated externally to heat the liquid in the liquid space 3 of the device. FIG. 6 shows a reduced cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the device 1, which includes a liquid heating means 11 for heating the liquid. Heating of the liquid in the liquid space 3 can thus be achieved by the liquid heating means 11. The liquid heating means 11 can be implemented, for example, by a heating resistor, to which electricity is transferred during heating. The electrical energy required for heating can be transferred, for example, by an electrical energy transmission means 16 provided in the bottom part 2a of the body, or the device can be provided with a fixed electrical cable, for example, connected to a power outlet or a converter, if heating is required. If the electrical energy transmission means is provided in the bottom part 2a of the device, the device 1 can be provided with a base 17 equipped with corresponding means for direct or inductive connection to the electrical energy transmission means of the device. It will be clear to those skilled in the art how such electrical energy transfer can be implemented in a wired or wireless manner, and further detailed explanation is not necessary here.

[0121] Advantageously, the device 1 also comprises a lid 12 that can be opened and closed, for example to fill the liquid space 3. The lid 12 or the body 2 can also be provided with a safety valve 13 that can prevent excessive pressure from building up inside the device 1. The lid 12 can also be provided with an opening through which a drug or another substance can be supplied to the liquid in the liquid space. Meanwhile, the internal volume of the device 1, for example the inner surface of the body, can be provided with a reservoir or the like through which the drug can be supplied to the liquid space 3 and from which the drug gradually moves.

[0122] If the device 1 comprises liquid heating means 11 of the kind described above, it may also be necessary to provide the device 1 with control means (not shown in the accompanying drawings) for controlling the heating process, in particular to avoid excessive heating. By means of the control means it is possible, for example, to control the temperature of the liquid and to use liquids at different temperatures for different applications.

[0123] In an advantageous embodiment, the heating means 11 can also be used, in particular, to disinfect the device. The liquid is thus heated to a temperature higher than that required in a care situation, for example to its boiling point (100°C). This may purify at least some of the impurities and make the device 1 safer to use in a care situation. During the disinfection process, use of the device for treatment is preferably prevented. This may be done, for example, by positioning the first valve 6 and the second valve 8 in a position that prevents air from flowing from the liquid space 3 and the vapor space 4 to the mouthpiece 10.

[0124] The device 1 can be washed by hand or in a dishwasher with dishwashing liquid, or ultrasonic cleaning or the like can be used.

[0125] Below, we briefly introduce several other heating methods. To apply them in practice, the design of the device 1 may need to take into account various heating method requirements, such as heat resistance. One possible heating method is to place the device on a heating element (e.g., the hot plate of an electric stove). In this case, the heat from the heating element is transferred to the liquid in the liquid space 3 through the bottom of the body. A similar heating method is to use a campfire to heat the liquid. Another possibility is to use a microwave oven, with the device 1 placed inside the microwave. Therefore, the device 1 should not contain materials that could interfere with the operation of the microwave oven or that are barely heated by microwaves. Several types of heating methods based on thermochemical phenomena or ultrasonic liquid atomizers can also be used. In this regard, it is necessary to mention so-called heat cartridges, which can be placed at the bottom of the device for heating. Heat cartridges can be based on sodium acetate, iron powder, quicklime, or aluminum chloride, for example.

[0126] In some cases, the heating means of the device 1 may be powered, for example by a battery, so that the device can be used in situations where there is no separate source of electrical energy available.

[0127] The device 1 may also provide other automation and control, for example to notify the user of the device about the need for maintenance, to display the temperature of the liquid.

[0128] In an advantageous embodiment, device 1 is used to store treatment sessions in memory so that the results of treatment can be monitored and the progress of care tracked, which is useful for example to nursing staff who can use the data to ensure that care is delivered properly in time.

[0129] FIG. 7 shows a reduced cross-sectional view of yet another advantageous embodiment of the device 1. This device includes a pressure applying means 14 for increasing the pressure prevailing in the liquid space 3. This may be necessary, for example, in situations where the care recipient is unable to blow air into the device 1 sufficiently strongly during exhalation. The pressure applying means 14 includes, for example, a piston 14a or the like that can move within the internal volume of the body, for example, toward and away from the bottom 2a. This movement can be caused, for example, by pushing the rod 14b downward or by lifting the rod 14b upward. Since the pressure increase preferably needs to be generated in the liquid in the liquid space 3, and the vapor formed in the liquid still needs to enter the vapor space 4, the piston 14a is advantageously equipped with a flow path or the like that allows the vapor to rise to the vapor space 4. Thus, although the piston 14a is not completely sealed, it can still be used to increase the pressure in the liquid space 3. Such a pressure applying means 14 can be used, for example, by the user of the device or their assistant. The required pressure level can be set according to the user's feel, thereby avoiding the application of excessive pressure.

[0130] In some embodiments, an external pressure source, such as a compressor (not shown), can be used to increase the pressure in the liquid space 3 .

[0131] Additionally, at least some of the measurements, analyses, and adjustments disclosed herein can be used to optimize thermal therapy of an individual's airways.

[0132] FIG. 8a shows an example of a method, and FIG. 8b shows an example of a system including the device 1.

[0133] According to one embodiment, the air / vapor flow rate and temperature of the inhalation stream are measured (81) and optionally the time used for inhalation is determined.

[0134] Additionally, according to this embodiment, the flow rate and temperature of the exhaled air stream are preferably measured, and optionally the time used for exhalation is determined.

[0135] Further, data from the above measurements from the inspiratory flow and / or the expiratory flow, preferably from both airflows, is collected, and optionally the collected data, or at least a portion of the collected data, is displayed to the user using the local display 27 (82).

[0136] Additionally, at least a portion of the collected data may be transmitted (83) by the transmitting means 28 to a nearby device, where the transmitted respiratory data is processed (84), i.e., analyzed. Optionally, the collected data may be displayed (85) on the local display 27, and, optionally, airway resistance adjustment and / or user guideline information may be provided (86) based on the measurements and analysis disclosed above.

[0137] Furthermore, at least a portion of the processed data can be transmitted by the transmitting means 28 to the respiratory cloud service unit 30. It is also possible to provide information on ventilation resistance adjustment and user guidelines 87. The collected data may be displayed on the display 27 of the device 1.

[0138] The processed data can be used, for example, for health management (i.e., health management data), sports exercise (i.e., sports exercise data), and / or wellbeing (i.e., health data). For example, the processed data can be used in conjunction with a user's heart rate variability to provide performance feedback to the user.

[0139] The analysis (processing) step in which the collected respiratory data is processed may include at least the following steps: the collected data is analyzed to form a first index (ix), which is calculated using the above-mentioned measurements from the airflow, the airflow resistance is adjusted, for example, using the first index (ix), the temperature of the airflow is adjusted, for example, using the first index (ix), and / or the breathing time is adjusted.

[0140] According to one embodiment, the first index is selected based on a set of source data including: The calculated amount of energy gained during inspiration, The calculated amount of energy used during exhalation, Tidal volume (TV), Inspiratory reserve volume (IRV), Expiratory reserve volume (ERV), Residual volume (RV), ·Total lung capacity, Heart rate variability, ·Maximum intake pressure (MIP), Maximum expiratory pressure (MEP), Maximum Inspiratory Flow (MIF), and / or · Maximum expiratory flow (MEF).

[0141] The Respiratory Cloud Service unit 30 (RCS) may store all or at least some of the following respiratory data: -Average value of maximum measured temperature, Total inspiratory time, -Average value of maximum measured temperature, The calculated amount of energy gained during inspiration, The calculated amount of energy transferred during exhalation, Tidal volume (TV), Inspiratory reserve volume (IRV), Expiratory reserve volume (ERV), Residual volume (RV), ·Total lung capacity (LTC), ·Maximum intake pressure (MIP), Maximum expiratory pressure (MEP), Maximum Inspiratory Flow (MIF), and / or · Maximum expiratory flow (MEF).

[0142] Additionally, the respiratory cloud service unit 30 may also maintain historical data for at least a predetermined period of time, and also provides means for processing and analyzing said data.

[0143] The system is Device 1; Integrated pressure and airflow monitoring and control unit (PAM) and may include:

[0144] The integrated pressure and airflow monitoring and control unit (PAM) includes at least: a wireless component; a processor 25; 24 power sources and at least one memory component 26; may include:

[0145] The respiratory cloud service unit 20, the transmitting means 28, such as a wireless component, and the received data are Radio Frequency Identification (RFID), BT (Bluetooth) Wireless Local Access Network (WLAN), or ·Near field communication (NFC), , but may alternatively be based on any other, preferably wireless, technology.

[0146] The processor 25 used to process the data may be, for example, the processor of a mobile device, a tablet or a personal computer (laptop computer).

[0147] Additionally, the respiratory application may be used to collect data, generate biofeedback, and / or monitor relevant data. The respiratory application may transmit data using a wide area network or a fixed network to a respiratory cloud computing unit (CCU) using transmission means 28, for example, of the respiratory cloud service unit 30. A user interface (UI) of the software application may be used to provide instantaneous respiratory feedback to the user.

[0148] According to one embodiment, the integrated pressure and airflow monitoring and control unit (PAM) comprises: means for acquiring data from the inspiratory and / or expiratory airflow, preferably from both airflows; Data storage; a processor 25 for processing the collected data; a transmitting means 28, such as a component for transmitting and receiving data to a nearby wireless device or a local network; Includes.

[0149] The transmission of airflow data via a system, such as a wireless system, can be performed in real time or replicated based on a predefined period. The data can be transmitted, for example, to a WLAN base station, a mobile system base station (BS), or a fixed network.

[0150] The respiratory cloud service unit 30 can be used to create individualized respiratory analysis, "tailored" training plans, and / or health management programs for users based on individual data and statistics and data modeling schemes generated based on the respiratory cloud service unit 30 and using its application user interface (UI). Additionally, the respiratory cloud service unit 30 preferably provides an application interface (API) for transferring and receiving relevant data to health management, wellbeing, and / or sports exercise applications.

[0151] The respiratory cloud services unit 30 allows health care systems and professionals as well as trainers and individuals to collect analysis and define tailored treatment and training programs that can be delivered in real time, anytime, anywhere.

[0152] It may also provide users with the means to look after their respiratory health and overall wellbeing and performance according to their lifetime data and programs.

[0153] Additionally, the respiratory cloud service unit 30 can be used to integrate the detected data. According to one embodiment, respiratory CO2 emission, oximetry probe SpO2, and electrocardiogram (ECG) variability, heart rate and its variability data are combined and analyzed. Additionally, the respiratory cloud service unit 30 can be used to integrate and analyze the detected data.

[0154] The collected and analyzed data can be analyzed on different parameters, e.g. ·Breathing time, Airflow fluctuations, Total lung capacity (LTC), and ·Respiration rate, may include:

[0155] According to one embodiment, this data is stored and analyzed, for example, in the device 1 and / or in the respiratory cloud service unit 30.

[0156] The airflow temperature and its variations can also be used to adjust the most appropriate individual airflow temperature of the device 1 .

[0157] The method comprises the following steps: Using historical data of the calculated amount of energy gained during inspiration and / or the calculated amount of energy used during expiration to define a user's airway resistance profile may be included.

[0158] Additionally or alternatively, the method may comprise the steps of: Using historical data of maximum inspiratory pressure (MIP), maximum expiratory pressure (MEP), maximum inspiratory flow (MIF), and maximum expiratory flow (MEF) to define the user's airway resistance profile. Includes.

[0159] Additionally or alternatively, the method may comprise the steps of: Using historical data of tidal volume (TV), inspiratory reserve volume (IRV), expiratory reserve volume (ERV), residual volume (RV), and / or total lung capacity to define the occupant's respiratory resistance profile. Includes.

[0160] According to one embodiment, the method comprises recommending a preferred resistance step to an individual (i.e., a user) based on, for example, historical data and reference data defined based on the airflow resistance within the device 1 .

[0161] The system is means for defining a user profile using historical data, e.g., means for defining an occupant's airflow resistance profile using historical data; means for indicating the preferred value to the user, e.g., a display 27, for indicating the preferred flow resistance step to the user; The recommendation may include: a) a recommendation based on historical data and reference parameter data defined, for example, based on the airflow resistance within the device 1;

[0162] Using the recommendation data, the user can select the most appropriate adjustments, such as temperature and / or airflow step adjustments.

[0163] The most suitable airflow step adjustment is achieved by adjusting means 29, e.g. mechanically, for example by using peripheral adjusters, or automatically, for example by selecting an option in the software application's user interface, where the steps are automatically adjusted; It is possible to implement.

[0164] The recommended airflow resistance step data can be stored and displayed using the display 27 of the device 1 .

[0165] According to one embodiment, the moisture content of the inspiratory airflow is measured and utilized to adjust the resistance / moisture content and temperature. This allows for efficient airway opening and hydration, which may lead to strengthening of the respiratory muscles. The device 1 trains the respiratory muscles with adjustable respiratory resistance. The device 1 also generates warm molecular water vapor within the airways.

[0166] As a result of the above measurements and analyses, the user may be provided with plans and recommendations for future treatment and exercise, and for this purpose, a network infrastructure and applications are preferably used to provide said plans and recommendations to the user.

[0167] According to one embodiment, an integrated pressure and airflow monitoring and control unit (PAM) monitors inspiratory and expiratory flow, controls and adjusts recommended individual airflows, and further provides display of data and biofeedback.

[0168] According to one embodiment, once the measured data has been analyzed, it is displayed locally on the display 27 of the device 1 and / or displayed using a wireless device application and / or transmitted using transmission means 28, for example via a wireless system air interface, to a backbone network for rapid biofeedback.

[0169] The respiratory data collection, monitoring and analysis methods and systems disclosed above may provide unprecedented possibilities for collecting, analyzing and tracking individualized respiratory data to promote user wellbeing and performance.

[0170] The method and system according to the present invention can make current pulmonary function tests more flexible, efficient, accurate, and trackable. This can help in the time diagnosis of breathing disorders such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This can also bring a variety of respiratory services and assistance to a wide range of users, helping them improve their well-being. This can help them easily perform breathing, track respiratory status, and systematically improve based on history, reference, and training data.

[0171] The device 1 according to the present invention can be used in a variety of situations to aid the functioning of a subject's respiratory system. The device 1 is suitable for example for the care of asthma, airway allergies, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and other lung diseases, upper respiratory tract infections (colds), etc. The device 1 according to the present invention can also improve the performance of athletes, for example by strengthening their respiratory muscles, improving lung function, removing harmful mucus and opening the airways.

[0172] In some cases, the device 1 according to the invention can also be applied to animal care, which may require some modifications in the structure of the device, but the operating principle remains the same.

[0173] The use of the device 1 according to the invention is not limited to the care of diseases only, the device 1 can also be used to improve the function of the respiratory system, for example in singers, voice users, etc. The device is suitable for use by people of all ages, for example as a form of cough and / or cold care, and especially since the respiratory mechanism can be strengthened at the same time, the device is suitable for use throughout a person's lifetime.

[0174] Although the present invention has been described using the application of warm liquid as an example of a care session, it is also possible to use cold liquid with the device 1. In some therapeutic or corresponding situations, it may be advantageous to use cold liquid, even liquid with a temperature below 0 degrees. In such situations, cold vapor may rise from the liquid space and be carried to the subject's lungs during the inhalation process.

[0175] It should also be noted that while air has been used as an example of a gas stream in the above description of the present invention, in addition to air, the gas stream entering and exiting the device may also contain other substances other than air, such as evaporated components from the drug.

[0176] The invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments but can be modified within the scope of the appended claims. [Explanation of symbols]

[0177] 1 device 2. The main body of the device having the bottom 2a 3 Liquid space 4 Steam space 5 First flow path 5a, 5b First main body flow path end 6 First valve 7 Second flow path 7a, 7b End of second flow path 8 Second valve 9 Third Stream 10 mouthpiece 11 Liquid heating means 12 Lid 13 Liquid space 14 Pressurizing means 14a Piston 14b Rod 15 Transparent part 16 Electrical energy transmission means 17 Base 18 Broken line indicating liquid level 19. Displacement air valve 21 First sensor 22 Second sensor 24 Power supply 25 processors 26 Memory Components 27 Display 28 Transmission Method 29 Adjustment means 30 Respiratory Cloud Service Unit 31 Control device

Claims

1. a first flow path (5) for intake air; a body (2) having an internal volume (3, 4), the body (2) being configured such that a first space (3) of the internal volume is filled with a liquid; a second space (4) of the interior volume configured to receive vapor forming in the first space (3) of the interior volume, the first flow path (5) being arranged in flow communication with the second space (4) of the interior volume; means including a first valve (6) for conveying the vapor-laden intake air flow from the second space (4) of the internal volume to the exterior of the device (1) via a first flow path (5) during intake; a second flow path (7) arranged to be in flow communication with the first space (3) of the interior volume configured to provide an exhaled air flow within the liquid; and means including a second valve (8) for conveying an air flow from the exterior of the device (1) through a second flow path (7) to the first space (3) of the internal volume, The device (1) comprises: a plurality of sensors for measuring flow rate and temperature of the intake air flow; means for determining an index value indicative of the amount of vapor energy in the inspiratory flow that may be transferred to the airway in response to inspiration, based on measurements of flow rate and temperature of the inspiratory flow measured by the plurality of sensors; a means for adjusting the flow rate of the inspiratory flow based on an adjustment value of the flow rate of the inspiratory flow determined from the determined index value of the amount of energy and a predetermined reference value according to the level of thermotherapy; A device (1) comprising:

2. 2. The device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the adjustment of the intake flow rate is performed either manually by a user who is guided via a display to the adjustment value of the intake flow rate, or automatically under the control of a processor.

3. the first valve (6) is a valve that is closed by positive pressure, and / or 3. The device (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the second valve (8) is a valve that is closed by negative pressure.

4. The plurality of sensors include: a first sensor for measuring the flow rate of the airflow; A device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it comprises a second sensor for measuring the temperature of the air flow.

5. Device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it further comprises means for transmitting at least a part of the measurement data.

6. Heating means (11) for heating the liquid in the liquid space (3), and / or Device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it further comprises pressure means (14) for increasing the pressure in the liquid space (3).

7. 7. The device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising a third flow path (9) connecting the first flow path (5) and the second flow path (7) in such a way that the airflow is conveyed from the outside of the device (1) to the second flow path (7) and from the first flow path (5) to the outside of the device (1) via the third flow path (9).

8. Tidal volume (TV), Inspiratory reserve volume (IRV), Expiratory reserve volume (ERV), Residual volume (RV), Total lung capacity (LTC), and / or Heart rate variability The device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it further comprises means for determining

9. Personal, maximum inspiratory pressure (MIP), Maximum expiratory pressure (MEP), Maximum inspiratory flow (MIF), and Peak expiratory flow (MEF) A device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that it comprises means for determining

10. 1. A system for a respiratory apparatus, comprising: The device (1) comprises a device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, a radio component; a processor (25), - at least one memory component (26); and system.

11. 11. The system of claim 10, further comprising a display (27) for showing a user recommended data including an adjustment value for the inspiratory flow rate.

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